2006 Census Topic-based tabulations

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Topic-based tabulation: Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (780), First Official Language Spoken (4), Age Groups (8A) and Sex (3) for the Population of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2006 Census - 20% Sample Data

About this tabulation

General information

Catalogue number :97-555-XCB2006054
Release date :October 28, 2008
Topic :Language
Data dimensions :

Note

Note: Data Quality - Relationship of Census Income Estimates to the National Accounts and Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics

Census income estimates of aggregate income in 2005 were compared to similar personal income estimates from the national accounts. After adjustments to the personal income estimates for differences in concepts and coverage, the census estimate of aggregate income in 2005 from comparable sources was 1.2% lower than the national accounts estimate. As in the past, census estimates for some income components and for some provinces compared more favourably than for others.

Census estimates of aggregate wages and salaries, the largest component of income, were slightly higher (1.0%) than the national accounts estimates. This was partially offset by the difference (-7.8%) between the census estimates of aggregate self-employment income from both farm and non-farm self-employment and the adjusted national accounts figures. Overall, estimates of aggregate employment income or earnings were nearly identical (0.3% difference).

Census estimates of Old Age Security pensions and the Guaranteed Income Supplement were slightly lower (-1.4%), as they were for Canada/Quebec Pension Plan benefits (-0.9%), than adjusted national accounts estimates. Employment Insurance benefits reported in the census were smaller by 6.1%. Census estimates of aggregate child benefits were 2.0% higher than the adjusted national accounts estimates. Census estimates of other government transfer payments, which include such items as social welfare benefits, provincial income supplements to seniors, veterans' pensions and GST/HST/QST refunds, were significantly below (-39.2%) the estimates from the national accounts. Overall, census estimates of aggregate income from all government transfer payments were lower by 12.0%. The census estimate of aggregate investment income in 2005 was slightly lower (-2.7%) than the comparable national accounts estimate. This is a significant improvement when compared to previous census comparisons.

Census income statistics were also compared with similar statistics from the annual Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics (SLID). SLID estimates reflect adjustments made for population undercoverage, while census estimates do not include such an adjustment. This adjustment contributes to census estimates showing fewer income recipients (-2.1%) and earners (-1.4%) than SLID estimates. However, due to higher average amounts, census estimates of aggregate earnings are 2.8% higher than the SLID estimate, while the census estimate of aggregate total income of individuals is 2.3% higher. Most of the observed provincial differences were considered acceptable in the light of sampling errors in the Survey. The all-person low income prevalence rates for Canada (excluding the Territories) were almost identical in both sources for the before-tax measure at 15.3% and only slightly higher (0.6 percentage points) in census than SLID for the after-tax rate.

Note: Data quality - Siouan languages (Dakota/Sioux)

When comparing the census results to those of the 2001 Census, it appears that there is some overestimation of persons reporting Siouan languages (Dakota/Sioux) in British Columbia and, as a result, also at the Canada level. Although it affects a relatively small population, it is best to apply caution when analysing the census data for Siouan languages (Dakota/Sioux) in these geographies.

For more information on factors that may explain such variances in census data, such as response errors and processing errors, please refer to the 2006 Census Dictionary, Appendix B Data quality, sampling and weighting, confidentiality and random rounding.

Note: Broad occupational category A - Management occupations

Census data for occupation groups in Broad occupational category A - Management occupations should be used with caution. Some coding errors were made in assigning the appropriate level of management, e.g., senior manager as opposed to middle manager, and in determining the appropriate area of specialization or activity, e.g., a manager of a health care program in a hospital as opposed to a government manager in health policy administration. Some non-management occupations have also been miscoded to management due to confusion over titles such as program manager and project manager. Data users may wish to use data for management occupations in conjunction with other variables such as Income, Age and Education.

Note: Comparability of 2006 Place of work data

Working at home can be measured in different ways. In the census, the 'Worked at home' category includes persons who live and work at the same physical location, such as farmers, teleworkers and work camp workers. In addition, the 2006 Census Guide instructed persons who worked part of the time at home and part of the time at an employer's address to indicate that they 'Worked at home' if most of their time was spent working at home (e.g., three days out of five).

Other Statistics Canada surveys such as the General Social Survey, the Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics, and the Workplace and Employee Survey also collect information on working at home. However, the survey data are not directly comparable to the census data since the surveys ask respondents whether they did some or all of their paid work at home, whereas the census asks them where they usually worked most of the time. Consequently, census estimates on work at home are lower than survey estimates.

The place-of-work question has remained in virtually the same format in each census since 1971. However, in 1996, the category 'No fixed workplace address' replaced 'No usual place of work.' In 1996, the census questionnaire was modified by adding a check box for the 'No fixed workplace' response category. In previous censuses, respondents were asked to write 'No usual place of work' in the address fields. It is believed that previous censuses have undercounted the number of persons with 'No fixed workplace address.'

Annexations, incorporations and amalgamations of municipalities could create some difficulties when comparing spatial units and structures which change over time.

For additional information, please refer to the 2006 Census Dictionary, Catalogue number 92-566-XWE.

Note: Definition of Place of work status

Refers to the place of work of non-institutional residents 15 years of age and over who worked at some time since January 1, 2005. The variable usually relates to the individual's job held in the week prior to enumeration. However, if the person did not work during that week but had worked at some time since January 1, 2005, the information relates to the job held longest during that period.

Respondent-completed responses:

Worked at home - Persons whose job is located in the same building as their place of residence, persons who live and work on the same farm, building superintendents and teleworkers who spend most of their work week working at home.

Worked outside Canada - Persons who work at a location outside Canada. This can include diplomats, Armed Forces personnel and other persons enumerated abroad. This category also includes recent immigrants who may not currently be employed, but whose job of longest duration since January 1, 2005 was held outside Canada.

No fixed workplace address - Persons who do not go from home to the same workplace location at the beginning of each shift. Such persons include building and landscape contractors, travelling salespersons, independent truck drivers, etc.

Worked at the address specified below - Persons who are not included in the categories described above and who report to the same (usual) workplace location at the beginning of each shift are included here. Respondents are asked to provide the street address, city, town, village, township, municipality or Indian reserve, province or territory and postal code of their workplace. If the full street address was not known, the name of the building or nearest street intersection could be substituted.

Teleworkers who spend less than one-half of their workweek working at their home office are asked to report the full address of their employer. Persons whose workplace location varied, but who reported regularly to an employer's address at the beginning of each shift, are asked to report the full address of the employer.

For additional information, please refer to the 2006 Census Dictionary, Catalogue number 92-566-XWE.

Note: Description of the Profile of official-language groups (First official language spoken)

The Profile of official-language groups gives a statistical overview of official-language groups in Canada for certain geographic areas. For each of these geographic areas, the profile gives counts of official-language populations for characteristics such as home language, knowledge of languages, marital status, ethnic origin, place of birth, period of immigration, mobility status, citizenship, highest certificate, diploma or degree, labour force activity, occupation, industry and income distribution. It is based on data collected from a 20% sample of households at the time of the 2006 Census.

The profile consists of two tables, both containing the same data variables, but differing by the definition of the language groups. In this table, the language groups are defined by the respondents' first official language spoken. The data for each language group are displayed in the columns of the initial view of the table. Characteristics are identified in the rows of the initial view of the table. For example, official-language groups are shown first by legal marital status, next by common-law status, and so on. The age groups and sex are both displayed as a dimension.

Language groups are defined as follows. People who can conduct a conversation in French only are assigned French as their first official language spoken. People who can carry on a conversation in English only are assigned English as their first official language spoken. The responses to questions on mother tongue and home language (language spoken most often at home) are subsequently used to establish either the first official language spoken by people who speak both English and French, or who cannot speak either of the two official languages. People who have English only or English and one non-official language as their mother tongue are included in the 'English' category. The 'French' category includes people who have French only or French and one non-official language as their mother tongue. For cases that have not yet been classified, people are assigned to the 'French' category when they speak French only or French and one non-official language as their main home language. The procedure is the same for English. Thus, the population is classified into two principal categories: 'English' and 'French'. It is necessary to add two residual categories for people who could not be classified in accordance with the information available: 'English and French' and 'Neither English nor French'. Those classified in the category 'Neither English nor French' appear only in the 'Total' category in this table.

Additional information about this table is available in the Dimension Summary Box of the variable in the column (initial view).

Data table

Select data categories for this table


This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , first official language spoken , age groups and sex for population in Prince George, CYFootnote 1
Selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics (780) First official language spoken (4)
Total - First official language spokenFootnote 2 English French English and French
Total population 15 years and over by legal marital statusFootnote 3 56,745 55,500 910 85
Never legally married (single) 20,300 19,990 245 50
Legally married (and not separated)Footnote 4 26,260 25,570 485 35
Separated, but still legally married 2,710 2,670 45 0
Divorced 4,810 4,720 85 0
Widowed 2,660 2,550 55 0
Total population 15 years and over by common-law statusFootnote 5 56,745 55,505 910 85
Not in a common-law relationship 50,265 49,160 780 80
In a common-law relationship 6,480 6,340 130 10
Total population by mother tongueFootnote 6 70,375 68,965 1,040 100
Single responses 69,870 68,475 1,030 95
English 62,030 62,030 0 0
French 1,160 130 1,030 0
Non-official languages 6,675 6,310 0 90
Algonquin 0 0 0 0
Atikamekw 0 0 0 0
Blackfoot 0 0 0 0
Carrier 150 145 0 0
Chilcotin 0 10 0 0
Chipewyan 0 0 0 0
Cree 125 125 0 0
Siouan languages (Dakota/Sioux) 0 0 0 0
Dene 0 0 0 0
Dogrib 0 0 0 0
Gitksan 20 20 0 0
Inuinnaqtun 0 0 0 0
Inuktitut, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0
Kutchin-Gwich'in (Loucheux) 0 0 0 0
Malecite 0 0 0 0
Mi'kmaq 0 0 0 0
Mohawk 0 0 0 0
Montagnais-Naskapi 0 0 0 0
Nisga'a 0 0 0 0
North Slave (Hare) 0 0 0 0
Ojibway 10 10 0 0
Oji-Cree 10 10 0 0
Shuswap 10 0 0 0
South Slave 0 0 0 0
Tlingit 0 0 0 0
Italian 410 405 0 0
Portuguese 195 190 0 0
Romanian 135 115 0 20
Spanish 145 145 0 0
Danish 140 140 0 0
Dutch 225 230 0 0
Flemish 10 10 0 0
Frisian 0 0 0 0
German 1,155 1,140 0 10
Norwegian 85 85 0 0
Swedish 30 30 0 0
Yiddish 0 0 0 0
Bosnian 0 0 0 0
Bulgarian 15 15 0 0
Croatian 155 155 0 0
Czech 55 50 0 10
Macedonian 0 0 0 0
Polish 145 140 0 0
Russian 60 60 0 0
Serbian 40 40 0 0
Serbo-Croatian 0 0 0 0
Slovak 35 35 0 0
Slovenian 50 50 0 0
Ukrainian 210 200 0 0
Latvian 0 0 0 0
Lithuanian 0 0 0 0
Estonian 0 0 0 0
Finnish 90 85 0 0
Hungarian 120 115 0 0
Greek 115 120 0 0
Armenian 0 0 0 0
Turkish 0 10 0 0
Amharic 0 0 0 0
Arabic 30 35 0 0
Hebrew 0 0 0 0
Maltese 0 0 0 0
Somali 0 0 0 0
Tigrigna 0 0 0 0
Bengali 0 0 0 0
Gujarati 0 0 0 0
Hindi 70 70 0 0
Kurdish 0 0 0 0
Panjabi (Punjabi) 1,265 1,135 0 10
Pashto 0 0 0 0
Persian (Farsi) 45 45 0 0
Sindhi 0 0 0 0
Sinhala (Sinhalese) 10 10 0 0
Urdu 0 0 0 0
Malayalam 0 0 0 0
Tamil 15 15 0 0
Telugu 15 15 0 0
Japanese 50 50 0 0
Korean 90 65 0 15
Cantonese 105 85 0 0
Chinese, n.o.s.Footnote 7 395 320 0 0
Mandarin 35 35 0 0
Taiwanese 10 0 0 0
Lao 0 0 0 0
Khmer (Cambodian) 15 15 0 0
Vietnamese 70 60 0 0
Bisayan languages 25 20 0 0
Ilocano 25 30 0 0
Malay 10 0 0 0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino) 250 245 0 0
Akan (Twi) 0 0 0 0
Swahili 20 15 0 0
Creoles 15 15 0 0
Other languagesFootnote 8 180 150 0 10
Multiple responses 505 490 10 10
English and French 115 105 0 10
English and non-official language 365 370 0 0
French and non-official language 20 15 10 0
English, French and non-official language 10 0 0 0
Total population by knowledge of official languagesFootnote 9 70,375 68,960 1,040 100
English only 66,100 66,100 0 0
French only 65 0 65 0
English and French 3,900 2,825 970 100
Neither English nor French 315 35 10 0
Total population by language spoken most often at homeFootnote 10 70,375 68,965 1,045 100
Single responses 69,930 68,560 1,010 90
English 67,330 66,660 675 0
French 340 15 325 0
Non-official languages 2,255 1,885 10 90
Algonquin 0 0 0 0
Atikamekw 0 0 0 0
Blackfoot 0 0 0 0
Carrier 20 15 0 0
Chilcotin 0 0 0 0
Chipewyan 0 0 0 0
Cree 10 10 0 0
Siouan languages (Dakota/Sioux) 0 0 0 0
Dene 0 0 0 0
Dogrib 0 0 0 0
Gitksan 0 0 0 0
Inuinnaqtun 0 0 0 0
Inuktitut, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0
Kutchin-Gwich'in (Loucheux) 0 0 0 0
Malecite 0 0 0 0
Mi'kmaq 0 0 0 0
Mohawk 0 0 0 0
Montagnais-Naskapi 0 0 0 0
Nisga'a 10 0 0 0
North Slave (Hare) 0 0 0 0
Ojibway 0 0 0 0
Oji-Cree 0 0 0 0
Shuswap 0 0 0 0
South Slave 0 0 0 0
Tlingit 0 0 0 0
Italian 145 135 0 0
Portuguese 75 70 0 0
Romanian 75 50 0 20
Spanish 30 30 0 0
Danish 0 0 0 0
Dutch 0 0 0 0
Flemish 0 0 0 0
Frisian 0 0 0 0
German 120 105 0 0
Norwegian 0 0 0 0
Swedish 0 0 0 0
Yiddish 0 0 0 0
Bosnian 0 0 0 0
Bulgarian 0 0 0 0
Croatian 30 25 0 0
Czech 20 15 0 0
Macedonian 0 0 0 0
Polish 55 50 0 10
Russian 15 15 0 0
Serbian 10 10 0 0
Serbo-Croatian 0 0 0 0
Slovak 0 0 0 0
Slovenian 0 0 0 0
Ukrainian 15 10 0 0
Latvian 0 0 0 0
Lithuanian 0 0 0 0
Estonian 0 0 0 0
Finnish 10 10 0 0
Hungarian 50 50 0 0
Greek 55 45 0 0
Armenian 0 0 0 0
Turkish 0 0 0 0
Amharic 0 0 0 0
Arabic 10 10 0 0
Hebrew 0 0 0 0
Maltese 0 0 0 0
Somali 0 0 0 0
Tigrigna 0 0 0 0
Bengali 0 10 0 0
Gujarati 0 0 0 0
Hindi 0 0 0 0
Kurdish 0 0 0 0
Panjabi (Punjabi) 910 775 0 10
Pashto 0 0 0 0
Persian (Farsi) 10 10 0 0
Sindhi 0 0 0 0
Sinhala (Sinhalese) 0 0 0 0
Urdu 0 0 0 0
Malayalam 0 0 0 0
Tamil 0 0 0 0
Telugu 0 0 0 0
Japanese 15 15 0 0
Korean 70 50 0 10
Cantonese 60 45 0 0
Chinese, n.o.s.Footnote 11 235 175 0 10
Mandarin 10 10 0 0
Taiwanese 0 0 0 0
Lao 0 0 0 0
Khmer (Cambodian) 0 0 0 0
Vietnamese 35 30 0 0
Bisayan languages 0 0 0 0
Ilocano 15 20 0 0
Malay 0 0 0 0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino) 70 65 0 0
Akan (Twi) 0 0 0 0
Swahili 20 0 0 15
Creoles 0 0 0 0
Other languagesFootnote 12 45 25 0 0
Multiple responses 450 405 30 10
English and French 65 25 30 10
English and non-official language 380 380 0 0
French and non-official language 0 0 0 0
English, French and non-official language 0 0 0 0
Algonquin - Various non-official languages spokenFootnote 13 0 0 0 0
Atikamekw 0 0 0 0
Blackfoot 0 0 0 0
Carrier 195 195 0 0
Chilcotin 0 10 0 0
Chipewyan 0 0 0 0
Cree 140 140 0 0
Siouan languages (Dakota/Sioux) 0 0 0 0
Dene 0 0 0 0
Dogrib 0 0 0 0
Gitksan 30 30 0 0
Inuinnaqtun 0 0 0 0
Inuktitut, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0
Kutchin-Gwich'in (Loucheux) 0 0 0 0
Malecite 0 0 0 0
Mi'kmaq 0 0 0 0
Mohawk 0 0 0 0
Montagnais-Naskapi 0 0 0 0
Nisga'a 20 20 0 0
North Slave (Hare) 0 0 0 0
Ojibway 0 0 0 0
Oji-Cree 0 10 0 0
Shuswap 10 10 0 0
South Slave 0 0 0 0
Tlingit 0 0 0 0
Italian 635 630 0 0
Portuguese 250 240 0 0
Romanian 135 110 0 25
Spanish 580 555 25 0
Danish 145 145 0 0
Dutch 245 250 0 0
Flemish 10 0 0 0
Frisian 10 0 0 0
German 1,435 1,415 0 15
Norwegian 80 85 0 0
Swedish 40 45 0 0
Yiddish 0 0 0 0
Bosnian 0 0 0 0
Bulgarian 15 15 0 0
Croatian 225 230 0 0
Czech 50 45 0 10
Macedonian 0 0 0 0
Polish 155 150 0 0
Russian 135 125 0 10
Serbian 55 50 0 0
Serbo-Croatian 10 0 0 0
Slovak 45 40 0 0
Slovenian 60 55 0 0
Ukrainian 210 205 0 0
Latvian 0 0 0 0
Lithuanian 0 0 0 0
Estonian 0 0 0 0
Finnish 115 115 0 0
Hungarian 140 145 0 0
Greek 100 95 0 0
Armenian 0 0 0 0
Turkish 0 0 0 0
Amharic 0 0 0 0
Arabic 50 55 0 0
Hebrew 0 0 0 0
Maltese 0 0 0 0
Somali 0 0 0 0
Tigrigna 0 0 0 0
Bengali 0 10 0 0
Gujarati 10 10 0 0
Hindi 355 335 0 0
Kurdish 0 0 0 0
Panjabi (Punjabi) 1,485 1,350 10 10
Pashto 0 0 0 0
Persian (Farsi) 50 50 0 0
Sindhi 0 10 0 0
Sinhala (Sinhalese) 20 15 0 0
Urdu 15 15 0 0
Malayalam 10 10 0 0
Tamil 30 35 0 0
Telugu 15 15 0 0
Japanese 125 115 0 10
Korean 85 60 0 15
Cantonese 145 135 0 0
Chinese, n.o.s.Footnote 14 365 300 0 0
Mandarin 75 75 0 0
Taiwanese 0 0 0 0
Lao 0 0 0 0
Khmer (Cambodian) 10 10 0 0
Vietnamese 70 65 0 0
Bisayan languages 25 20 0 0
Ilocano 25 20 0 0
Malay 10 15 0 0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino) 380 375 0 0
Akan (Twi) 0 0 0 0
Swahili 70 40 10 15
Creoles 15 15 0 0
Other languagesFootnote 15 385 330 20 10
Total population by mobility status 1 year agoFootnote 16 69,600 68,200 1,045 100
Non-movers 55,900 54,730 900 60
Movers 13,695 13,475 145 35
Non-migrants 9,155 9,055 70 15
Migrants 4,545 4,415 75 25
Internal migrants 4,180 4,110 55 20
Intraprovincial migrants 2,980 2,960 20 0
Interprovincial migrants 1,205 1,145 40 10
External migrants 360 310 15 0
Total population by mobility status 5 years agoFootnote 17 66,235 64,875 1,015 95
Non-movers 36,225 35,385 630 40
Movers 30,010 29,495 385 55
Non-migrants 19,265 19,015 225 15
Migrants 10,750 10,480 160 45
Internal migrants 9,935 9,760 135 15
Intraprovincial migrants 7,440 7,325 85 10
Interprovincial migrants 2,495 2,440 50 10
External migrants 815 720 25 25
Total population by citizenshipFootnote 18 70,375 68,965 1,040 100
Canadian citizens 68,850 67,560 1,020 80
Canadian citizens under age 18 16,715 16,530 135 20
Canadian citizens age 18 and over 52,125 51,030 880 60
Not Canadian citizensFootnote 19 1,525 1,400 25 20
Total population by immigrant status and place of birthFootnote 20 70,375 68,965 1,040 100
Non-immigrantsFootnote 21 63,230 62,150 1,000 40
Born in province of residence 44,585 44,345 165 35
Born outside province of residence 18,640 17,805 835 10
ImmigrantsFootnote 22 6,820 6,505 30 50
United States of America 795 790 0 0
Central America 75 75 0 0
Caribbean and Bermuda 85 80 0 0
South America 100 95 0 0
Europe 3,675 3,595 15 25
Western Europe 920 905 20 0
Eastern Europe 500 455 0 25
Southern Europe 700 685 0 0
Italy 270 275 0 0
Other Southern Europe 425 410 0 0
Northern Europe 1,550 1,555 0 0
United Kingdom 1,260 1,255 0 0
Other Northern Europe 300 295 0 0
Africa 150 130 0 15
Western Africa 15 15 10 0
Eastern Africa 60 50 0 10
Northern Africa 20 20 0 0
Central Africa 10 0 0 10
Southern Africa 40 40 0 0
Asia and the Middle East 1,810 1,600 10 15
West Central Asia and the Middle East 45 45 0 0
Eastern Asia 455 370 0 0
China, People's Republic of 315 245 0 0
Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region 60 55 0 0
Other Eastern Asia 85 70 0 10
Southeast Asia 435 430 0 10
Philippines 295 295 0 0
Other Southeast Asia 140 135 0 10
Southern Asia 875 760 10 0
India 825 705 10 0
Other Southern Asia 50 45 0 0
Oceania and otherFootnote 23 135 135 0 0
Non-permanent residentsFootnote 24 330 305 10 10
Total recent immigrants by selected places of birthFootnote 25 525 445 0 15
United States of America 55 55 0 0
Central America 10 10 0 0
Caribbean and Bermuda 0 10 0 0
South America 10 10 0 0
Europe 130 100 0 15
Western Europe 0 0 0 0
Eastern Europe 75 50 0 10
Southern Europe 35 30 0 0
Italy 0 0 0 0
Other Southern Europe 40 35 0 0
Northern Europe 20 15 0 0
United Kingdom 15 15 0 0
Other Northern Europe 0 0 0 0
Africa 30 30 0 0
Western Africa 15 15 0 0
Eastern Africa 10 10 0 0
Northern Africa 0 10 0 0
Central Africa 0 0 0 0
Southern Africa 0 0 0 0
Asia and the Middle East 280 230 0 0
West Central Asia and the Middle East 10 0 0 0
Eastern Asia 90 75 0 0
China, People's Republic of 60 45 0 0
Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region 0 0 0 0
Other Eastern Asia 30 35 0 0
Southeast Asia 75 80 0 0
Philippines 65 65 0 0
Other Southeast Asia 10 10 0 0
Southern Asia 105 70 0 0
India 105 70 0 0
Other Southern Asia 0 0 0 0
Oceania and otherFootnote 26 10 0 0 0
Total immigrant population by period of immigrationFootnote 27 6,815 6,510 30 50
Before 1961 1,565 1,565 0 10
1961 to 1970 1,325 1,295 15 0
1971 to 1980 1,550 1,500 10 10
1981 to 1990 960 885 0 15
1991 to 2000 890 820 0 10
1991 to 1995 495 440 0 0
1996 to 2000 395 375 0 10
2001 to 2006Footnote 28 520 445 0 10
Total population 15 years and older by generation statusFootnote 29 56,745 55,500 910 90
1st generationFootnote 30 7,050 6,725 40 55
2nd generationFootnote 31 11,550 11,475 55 15
3rd generation or moreFootnote 32 38,145 37,305 810 20
Total population by Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal identity populationFootnote 33 70,375 68,965 1,040 100
Total Aboriginal identity populationFootnote 34 8,045 7,855 180 10
North American Indian single responseFootnote 35 4,115 4,110 10 0
Métis single response 3,600 3,435 155 0
Inuit single response 0 0 0 0
Multiple Aboriginal identity responses 90 85 10 0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereFootnote 36 235 220 10 0
Non-Aboriginal identity population 62,330 61,110 860 95
Total population by Registered Indian statusFootnote 37 70,375 68,965 1,040 100
Registered IndianFootnote 38 3,595 3,570 20 10
Not a Registered Indian 66,780 65,390 1,015 100
Total population 15 years and over by labour force activityFootnote 39 56,745 55,500 910 85
In the labour forceFootnote 40 40,870 40,070 645 70
EmployedFootnote 41 37,755 37,020 600 65
UnemployedFootnote 42 3,110 3,050 45 0
Not in the labour forceFootnote 43 15,875 15,430 265 20
Participation rateFootnote 44 72.0 72.2 70.9 82.4
Employment rateFootnote 45 66.5 66.7 65.9 76.5
Unemployment rateFootnote 46 7.6 7.6 7.0 0.0
Total labour force 15 years and over by class of workerFootnote 47 40,865 40,070 645 70
Class of worker - Not applicableFootnote 48 600 580 15 0
All classes of workerFootnote 49 40,265 39,490 630 70
Paid workers 37,970 37,225 595 70
Employees 36,985 36,270 585 60
Self-employed (incorporated) 980 955 10 10
Without paid help 270 265 0 0
With paid help 710 690 0 15
Self-employed (unincorporated) 2,255 2,215 35 0
Without paid help 1,505 1,470 35 0
With paid help 755 745 0 0
Unpaid family workers 45 50 0 0
Total labour force 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification for Statistics 2006Footnote 50 40,865 40,070 645 70
Occupation - Not applicableFootnote 51 600 580 15 0
All occupationsFootnote 52 40,270 39,490 630 70
A Management occupations 3,390 3,325 45 15
A0 Senior management occupations 300 295 0 0
A1 Specialist managers 780 785 0 0
A2 Managers in retail trade, food and accommodation services 1,220 1,180 30 10
A3 Other managers, n.e.c. 1,090 1,070 15 0
B Business, finance and administrative occupations 7,010 6,935 75 0
B0 Professional occupations in business and finance 725 720 0 0
B1 Finance and insurance administration occupations 500 500 0 0
B2 Secretaries 545 540 10 0
B3 Administrative and regulatory occupations 855 845 15 0
B4 Clerical supervisors 200 195 10 0
B5 Clerical occupations 4,185 4,140 40 0
C Natural and applied sciences and related occupations 2,115 2,075 40 0
C0 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences 845 815 30 0
C1 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences 1,270 1,260 10 0
D Health occupations 2,240 2,205 20 15
D0 Professional occupations in health 440 425 10 0
D1 Nurse supervisors and registered nurses 630 625 0 0
D2 Technical and related occupations in health 530 525 0 10
D3 Assisting occupations in support of health services 645 625 10 10
E Occupations in social science, education, government service and religion 3,485 3,360 95 20
E0 Judges, lawyers, psychologists, social workers, ministers of religion, and policy and program officers 870 845 15 0
E1 Teachers and professors 1,525 1,445 65 10
E2 Paralegals, social services workers and occupations in education and religion, n.e.c. 1,095 1,075 10 10
F Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport 650 645 0 0
F0 Professional occupations in art and culture 270 265 0 0
F1 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport 385 380 0 0
G Sales and service occupations 10,240 10,055 125 15
G0 Sales and service supervisors 430 415 15 0
G1 Wholesale, technical, insurance, real estate sales specialists, and retail, wholesale and grain buyers 675 675 0 0
G2 Retail salespersons and sales clerks 1,730 1,720 10 0
G3 Cashiers 855 840 10 0
G4 Chefs and cooks 755 715 0 0
G5 Occupations in food and beverage service 705 700 10 0
G6 Occupations in protective services 625 600 15 10
G7 Occupations in travel and accommodation, including attendants in recreation and sport 325 325 0 0
G8 Child care and home support workers 705 660 40 0
G9 Sales and service occupations, n.e.c. 3,435 3,395 30 10
H Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations 7,540 7,400 130 0
H0 Contractors and supervisors in trades and transportation 385 365 20 0
H1 Construction trades 915 890 25 0
H2 Stationary engineers, power station operators and electrical trades and telecommunications occupations 580 570 0 0
H3 Machinists, metal forming, shaping and erecting occupations 535 515 20 0
H4 Mechanics 1,320 1,295 20 0
H5 Other trades, n.e.c. 320 320 10 0
H6 Heavy equipment and crane operators, including drillers 360 360 0 0
H7 Transportation equipment operators and related workers, excluding labourers 1,945 1,920 20 0
H8 Trades helpers, construction and transportation labourers and related occupations 1,175 1,160 20 0
I Occupations unique to primary industry 1,475 1,405 55 0
I0 Occupations unique to agriculture, excluding labourers 180 180 0 0
I1 Occupations unique to forestry operations, mining, oil and gas extraction and fishing, excluding labourers 720 680 45 0
I2 Primary production labourers 570 550 10 0
J Occupations unique to processing, manufacturing and utilities 2,125 2,080 35 10
J0 Supervisors in manufacturing 240 235 10 0
J1 Machine operators in manufacturing 1,000 975 25 0
J2 Assemblers in manufacturing 120 125 0 0
J3 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities 760 740 10 0
Total labour force 15 years and over by industry - North American Industry Classification System 2002Footnote 53 40,865 40,070 640 70
Industry - Not applicableFootnote 54 595 575 15 0
All industriesFootnote 55 40,270 39,490 630 70
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting 1,945 1,875 55 0
21 Mining and oil and gas extraction 305 305 0 0
22 Utilities 195 195 0 0
23 Construction 2,370 2,335 30 0
31-33 Manufacturing 4,345 4,235 100 10
41 Wholesale trade 1,855 1,835 10 0
44-45 Retail trade 4,700 4,650 45 0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing 2,645 2,620 25 0
51 Information and cultural industries 770 770 0 0
52 Finance and insurance 1,180 1,170 10 0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing 535 530 10 0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services 2,030 1,990 40 0
55 Management of companies and enterprises 25 25 0 0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services 1,495 1,460 20 10
61 Educational services 2,980 2,860 105 10
62 Health care and social assistance 4,470 4,385 60 20
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation 705 700 0 0
72 Accommodation and food services 3,460 3,385 20 15
81 Other services (except public administration) 1,945 1,875 60 0
91 Public administration 2,335 2,295 35 0
Total employed labour force 15 years and over by place of work statusFootnote 56 37,760 37,020 600 65
Usual place of work 31,845 31,230 490 50
In census subdivision of residence 30,240 29,675 450 50
In different census subdivision 1,605 1,555 45 0
In same census division 655 625 30 0
At home 1,685 1,650 30 10
Outside Canada 35 35 0 0
No fixed workplace address 4,190 4,105 85 0
Total employed labour force 15 years and over with usual place of work or no fixed workplace address by mode of transportationFootnote 57 36,035 35,335 570 55
Car, truck, van, as driver 28,905 28,375 455 30
Car, truck, van, as passenger 3,130 3,075 40 0
Public transit 720 695 20 0
Walked 2,190 2,140 20 15
Bicycle 430 420 10 0
Motorcycle 45 45 0 0
Taxicab 80 80 0 0
Other method 525 500 30 0
Total population 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2005 by language used most often at workFootnote 58 44,440 43,630 645 75
Single responses 44,355 43,560 630 75
English 44,135 43,505 545 70
French 110 15 90 10
Non-official languages 110 45 0 0
Chinese, n.o.s.Footnote 59 35 0 0 0
Cantonese 10 0 0 0
Panjabi (Punjabi) 40 20 0 0
German 0 0 0 0
Mandarin 0 0 0 0
Portuguese 0 0 0 0
Spanish 0 0 0 0
Vietnamese 0 0 0 0
Korean 10 0 0 0
Italian 0 0 0 0
Other languagesFootnote 60 25 20 0 0
Multiple responses 85 65 15 0
English and French 35 20 15 0
English and non-official language 45 45 0 0
French and non-official language 0 0 0 0
English, French and non-official language 0 0 0 0
Total population 15 years and over by hours spent doing unpaid houseworkFootnote 61 56,745 55,505 910 85
No hours of unpaid housework 4,740 4,600 65 15
Less than 5 hours of unpaid housework 13,450 13,270 120 25
5 to 14 hours of unpaid housework 18,505 18,120 305 15
15 to 29 hours of unpaid housework 11,340 11,060 225 10
30 to 59 hours of unpaid housework 6,285 6,105 130 20
60 hours or more of unpaid housework 2,430 2,350 60 10
Total population 15 years and over by hours spent looking after children, without payFootnote 62 56,745 55,500 910 90
No hours of unpaid child care 34,215 33,525 505 45
Less than 5 hours of unpaid child care 5,020 4,875 120 15
5 to 14 hours of unpaid child care 5,410 5,290 65 10
15 to 29 hours of unpaid child care 3,965 3,860 90 0
30 to 59 hours of unpaid child care 2,940 2,885 45 0
60 hours or more of unpaid child care 5,195 5,070 95 15
Total population 15 years and over by hours spent providing unpaid care or assistance to seniorsFootnote 63 56,745 55,500 910 85
No hours of unpaid care or assistance to seniors 48,570 47,520 750 75
Less than 5 hours of unpaid care or assistance to seniors 4,930 4,800 105 15
5 to 9 hours of unpaid care or assistance to seniors 1,790 1,765 25 0
10 to 19 hours of unpaid care or assistance to seniors 725 705 15 0
20 hours or more of unpaid care or assistance to seniors 730 715 15 0
Total population 15 years and over by highest certificate, diploma or degreeFootnote 64 56,745 55,505 910 85
No certificate, diploma or degree 14,040 13,670 205 10
Certificate, diploma or degree 42,700 41,830 705 80
High school certificate or equivalentFootnote 65 17,095 16,800 240 15
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma 7,360 7,180 160 10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diplomaFootnote 66 9,290 9,175 110 0
University certificate or diploma below bachelor levelFootnote 67 1,785 1,740 20 25
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor's level or aboveFootnote 68 7,170 6,930 185 35
Bachelor's degree 4,740 4,575 135 15
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level 735 730 0 10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry 260 255 0 0
Master's degree 1,185 1,135 40 0
Earned doctorate 250 245 0 0
Total population 15 years and over with postsecondary qualifications by major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs, 2000Footnote 69 25,610 25,025 470 65
Education 1,990 1,895 85 0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies 370 350 20 0
Humanities 995 965 20 0
Social and behavioural sciences and law 2,095 2,070 0 0
Business, management and public administration 5,090 5,025 45 20
Physical and life sciences and technologies 725 680 40 0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences 515 490 15 10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies 6,655 6,490 145 20
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation 1,250 1,240 10 0
Health, parks, recreation and fitness 3,900 3,845 50 10
Personal, protective and transportation services 2,010 1,960 35 0
Other fields of studyFootnote 70 10 15 0 0
Total population 15 years and over with postsecondary qualification by location of studyFootnote 71 25,610 25,025 465 65
Inside Canada 23,465 22,980 440 35
Newfoundland and Labrador 150 145 0 0
Prince Edward Island 30 30 0 0
Nova Scotia 215 210 0 0
New Brunswick 170 145 25 0
Quebec 230 130 95 0
Ontario 1,095 1,055 35 10
Manitoba 300 275 25 0
Saskatchewan 560 550 10 0
Alberta 1,335 1,305 30 0
British Columbia 19,360 19,105 215 25
Yukon Territory 10 10 0 0
Northwest Territories 20 20 0 0
Nunavut 0 0 0 0
Outside Canada 2,145 2,050 30 30
Total population by Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestryFootnote 72 70,375 68,965 1,040 100
Total Aboriginal ancestry populationFootnote 73 9,655 9,435 205 0
North American Indian single ancestry 2,215 2,190 20 0
North American Indian and non-Aboriginal ancestries 4,195 4,160 30 0
Métis single ancestry 695 650 35 0
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries 1,835 1,745 85 0
Inuit single ancestry 0 0 0 0
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries 35 35 0 0
Other Aboriginal multiple ancestriesFootnote 74 685 645 35 0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry population 60,725 59,530 835 95
Total population by visible minority groups 70,375 68,965 1,040 100
Total visible minority populationFootnote 75 4,205 3,895 45 50
Chinese 810 720 0 0
South AsianFootnote 76 1,790 1,650 0 10
Black 335 295 15 15
Filipino 505 505 0 0
Latin American 125 130 0 0
Southeast AsianFootnote 77 210 205 0 10
Arab 15 10 0 0
West AsianFootnote 78 55 55 0 0
Korean 115 95 0 15
Japanese 115 120 0 0
Visible minority, n.i.e.Footnote 79 10 15 0 0
Multiple visible minorityFootnote 80 115 100 15 0
Not a visible minorityFootnote 81 66,170 65,070 1,000 50
Total population by ethnic origin (single and multiple responses)Footnote 82 70,375 68,965 1,040 100
Total population - Single responsesFootnote 83 27,555 26,660 555 85
Total population - Multiple responsesFootnote 84 42,820 42,300 485 15
Canadian - Total responses 18,175 17,735 425 0
Canadian - Single responses 6,930 6,855 85 0
Canadian - Multiple responses 11,240 10,880 345 0
English - Total responses 23,500 23,425 75 0
English - Single responses 3,735 3,735 0 0
English - Multiple responses 19,765 19,690 70 0
French - Total responses 10,540 9,735 795 0
French - Single responses 1,000 640 360 0
French - Multiple responses 9,535 9,095 435 0
Scottish - Total responses 17,330 17,255 75 0
Scottish - Single responses 1,180 1,180 0 0
Scottish - Multiple responses 16,150 16,080 70 0
Irish - Total responses 13,695 13,620 70 0
Irish - Single responses 915 900 15 0
Irish - Multiple responses 12,785 12,720 60 0
German - Total responses 13,760 13,735 10 0
German - Single responses 2,105 2,090 0 10
German - Multiple responses 11,655 11,645 10 0
Italian - Total responses 2,585 2,565 10 10
Italian - Single responses 675 670 0 0
Italian - Multiple responses 1,910 1,900 10 0
Chinese - Total responses 935 855 0 10
Chinese - Single responses 635 555 0 0
Chinese - Multiple responses 305 300 0 0
North American Indian - Total responses 7,080 6,990 80 0
North American Indian - Single responses 2,210 2,190 20 0
North American Indian - Multiple responses 4,870 4,805 65 0
Ukrainian - Total responses 4,925 4,905 10 0
Ukrainian - Single responses 810 795 10 0
Ukrainian - Multiple responses 4,110 4,110 0 0
Dutch (Netherlands) - Total responses 3,625 3,625 0 0
Dutch (Netherlands) - Single responses 675 675 0 0
Dutch (Netherlands) - Multiple responses 2,955 2,950 0 0
Polish - Total responses 2,615 2,615 0 0
Polish - Single responses 275 275 0 0
Polish - Multiple responses 2,340 2,335 0 0
East Indian - Total responses 1,570 1,455 10 0
East Indian - Single responses 1,375 1,260 10 0
East Indian - Multiple responses 195 195 0 0
Russian - Total responses 1,695 1,675 20 0
Russian - Single responses 160 160 0 0
Russian - Multiple responses 1,535 1,520 20 0
Welsh - Total responses 1,790 1,780 10 0
Welsh - Single responses 85 85 0 0
Welsh - Multiple responses 1,710 1,700 0 10
Filipino - Total responses 580 585 0 0
Filipino - Single responses 250 255 0 0
Filipino - Multiple responses 330 330 0 0
Norwegian - Total responses 4,055 4,050 10 0
Norwegian - Single responses 475 475 0 0
Norwegian - Multiple responses 3,585 3,580 0 0
Portuguese - Total responses 495 490 0 0
Portuguese - Single responses 260 255 0 0
Portuguese - Multiple responses 235 235 0 0
Métis - Total responses 3,210 3,040 160 0
Métis - Single responses 695 655 40 0
Métis - Multiple responses 2,515 2,390 125 0
British Isles, n.i.e. - Total responsesFootnote 85 1,045 1,045 0 0
British Isles, n.i.e. - Single responsesFootnote 86 210 205 0 0
British Isles, n.i.e. - Multiple responsesFootnote 87 840 840 0 0
Swedish - Total responses 2,875 2,875 0 0
Swedish - Single responses 205 205 0 0
Swedish - Multiple responses 2,675 2,670 0 0
Total income in 2005 of population 15 years and overFootnote 88 56,750 55,500 910 85
Without income 2,480 2,465 0 10
With income 54,265 53,035 910 0
Under $1,000Footnote 89 1,930 1,885 20 0
$1,000 to $2,999 1,970 1,940 20 0
$3,000 to $4,999 1,765 1,715 35 0
$5,000 to $6,999 1,800 1,780 15 0
$7,000 to $9,999 2,875 2,790 50 0
$10,000 to $11,999 2,520 2,430 55 0
$12,000 to $14,999 3,220 3,140 60 0
$15,000 to $19,999 4,880 4,775 80 0
$20,000 to $24,999 4,195 4,035 120 0
$25,000 to $29,999 3,460 3,360 50 0
$30,000 to $34,999 3,335 3,280 40 0
$35,000 to $39,999 3,160 3,110 50 0
$40,000 to $44,999 2,900 2,855 45 0
$45,000 to $49,999 2,190 2,140 45 0
$50,000 to $59,999 4,300 4,210 85 0
$60,000 and over 9,765 9,585 150 0
Median income $Footnote 90 27,670 27,826 26,244 0
Average income $Footnote 91 35,695 35,797 34,373 0
Standard error of average income $Footnote 92 337 343 1,835 0
Total after-tax income in 2005 of population 15 years and overFootnote 93 56,745 55,500 910 85
Without after-tax income 2,510 2,495 0 10
With after-tax income 54,235 53,010 910 0
Under $1,000Footnote 94 1,935 1,890 20 0
$1,000 to $2,999 1,975 1,950 20 0
$3,000 to $4,999 1,795 1,745 35 0
$5,000 to $6,999 1,840 1,820 15 0
$7,000 to $9,999 2,895 2,805 50 0
$10,000 to $11,999 2,715 2,630 65 0
$12,000 to $14,999 3,265 3,195 55 0
$15,000 to $19,999 5,820 5,655 120 0
$20,000 to $24,999 4,820 4,665 105 0
$25,000 to $29,999 4,165 4,085 45 0
$30,000 to $34,999 4,160 4,075 75 0
$35,000 to $39,999 3,610 3,550 55 0
$40,000 to $44,999 3,190 3,135 60 0
$45,000 to $49,999 2,705 2,640 70 0
$50,000 and over 9,345 9,175 140 0
Median after-tax income $Footnote 95 25,110 25,243 22,665 0
Average after-tax income $Footnote 96 29,996 30,067 29,236 0
Standard error of average after-tax income $Footnote 97 234 238 1,365 0
Total population 15 years and over with employment incomeFootnote 98 43,795 42,980 660 0
Median employment income in 2005 $ 29,110 29,114 35,352 0
Average employment income in 2005 $ 35,886 35,893 37,490 0
Standard error of average employment income $ 363 368 2,231 0
Worked full year, full timeFootnote 99 21,215 20,810 325 0
Median employment income in 2005 $ 45,852 45,877 48,250 0
Average employment income in 2005 $ 51,078 51,182 48,187 0
Standard error of average employment income $ 532 540 2,309 0
Worked part year or part timeFootnote 100 19,840 19,495 290 0
Median employment income in 2005 $ 15,031 14,995 21,572 0
Average employment income in 2005 $ 23,408 23,302 30,704 0
Standard error of average employment income $ 450 454 3,647 0

Footnotes

Footnote 1

Data quality index showing, for the short census questionnaire (100% data), a global non response rate higher than or equal to 5% but lower than 10%.

An error exists in the 2006 population and dwelling counts for this area. For further details, please refer to the Population and dwelling count amendments, 2006 Census.

Data quality index showing, for the long census questionnaire (20% sample data), a global non response rate higher than or equal to 5% but lower than 10%.

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Footnote 2

According to studies on data certification, the 2006 Census statistics on knowledge of official languages could underestimate the category 'English and French' and overestimate the category 'French only,' particularly for the francophone population, but also for the whole population in general. More information on the subject is available in the Languages Reference Guide. Those classified in the category 'Neither English nor French' appear only in the 'Total' category in this table.

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Footnote 3

Legal marital status
Part A - Plain language definition
A person's conjugal status under the law (e.g., single, married, widowed). Legal marital status data are derived from the responses to Question 4 (Marital status) in the census questionnaires.
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the legal conjugal status of a person. The various responses are defined as follows:
Never legally married (single) - Persons who have never married (including all persons less than 15 years of age) and persons whose marriage has been annulled and who have not remarried.
Legally married (and not separated) - Persons whose spouse is living, unless the couple is separated or a divorce has been obtained.
Separated, but still legally married - Persons currently married, but who are no longer living with their spouse (for any reason other than illness or work) and have not obtained a divorce.
Divorced - Persons who have obtained a legal divorce and who have not remarried.
Widowed - Persons who have lost their spouse through death and who have not remarried.

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Footnote 4

Since 1996, Aboriginal people married according to traditional customs were instructed to report themselves as legally married.

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In 2006, legally married same-sex couples are included in this category.

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Footnote 5

Common-law status
Part A - Plain language definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to persons who live together as a couple but who are not legally married to each other. These persons can be of the opposite sex or of the same sex.

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Footnote 6

Mother tongue
Part A - Plain language definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the individual at the time of the census.

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Footnote 7

The 2006 category 'Chinese, n.o.s.' includes responses of 'Chinese' as well as all Chinese languages other than Cantonese, Mandarin, Taiwanese, Chaochow (Teochow), Fukien, Hakka and Shanghainese. Data for the 'Chinese, n.o.s.' category in 2001 and 2006 are not directly comparable. The 2001 category 'Chinese, n.o.s.' is equivalent to the sum of the 2006 categories 'Chinese, n.o.s.' and 'Chaochow (Teochow),' 'Fukien,' 'Shanghainese' and 'Taiwanese.'

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Footnote 8

This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the census that are not displayed separately here. For a full list of languages collected in the census, please refer to Appendix G in the 2006 Census Dictionary.

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Footnote 9

Knowledge of official languages
Part A - Plain language definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the ability to conduct a conversation in English only, in French only, in both English and French, or in neither English nor French.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Data on knowledge of official languages
According to studies on data certification, the 2006 Census statistics on knowledge of official languages could underestimate the category 'English and French' and overestimate the category 'French only,' particularly for the francophone population, but also for the whole population in general. More information on the subject is available in the Languages Reference Guide.

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Footnote 10

Refers to the language spoken most often at home by the individual at the time of the census. Data on other languages spoken on a regular basis at home are also collected.

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Footnote 11

The 2006 category 'Chinese, n.o.s.' includes responses of 'Chinese' as well as all Chinese languages other than Cantonese, Mandarin, Taiwanese, Chaochow (Teochow), Fukien, Hakka and Shanghainese. Data for the 'Chinese, n.o.s.' category in 2001 and 2006 are not directly comparable. The 2001 category 'Chinese, n.o.s.' is equivalent to the sum of the 2006 categories 'Chinese, n.o.s.' and 'Chaochow (Teochow),' 'Fukien,' 'Shanghainese' and 'Taiwanese.'

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Footnote 12

This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the census that are not displayed separately here. For a full list of languages collected in the census, please refer to Appendix G in the 2006 Census Dictionary.

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Footnote 13

Knowledge of non-official languages
Part A - Plain language definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to languages, other than English or French, in which the respondent can conduct a conversation.

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Footnote 14

The 2006 category 'Chinese, n.o.s.' includes responses of 'Chinese' as well as all Chinese languages other than Cantonese, Mandarin, Taiwanese, Chaochow (Teochow), Fukien, Hakka and Shanghainese. Data for the 'Chinese, n.o.s.' category in 2001 and 2006 are not directly comparable. The 2001 category 'Chinese, n.o.s.' is equivalent to the sum of the 2006 categories 'Chinese, n.o.s.' and 'Chaochow (Teochow),' 'Fukien,' 'Shanghainese' and 'Taiwanese.'

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Footnote 15

This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the census that are not displayed separately here. For a full list of languages collected in the census, please refer to Appendix G in the 2006 Census Dictionary.

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Footnote 16

Refers to the relationship between a person's usual place of residence on Census Day and his or her usual place of residence one year earlier. A person is classified as a non-mover if no difference exists. Otherwise, a person is classified as a mover and this categorization is called Mobility status (1 year ago). Within the category of movers, a further distinction is made between non-migrants and migrants; this difference is called migration status.

Non-movers are persons who, on Census Day, were living at the same address as the one at which they resided one year earlier.

Movers are persons who, on Census Day, were living at a different address from the one at which they resided one year earlier.

Non-migrants are movers who, on Census Day, were living at a different address, but in the same census subdivision (CSD) as the one they lived in one year earlier.

Migrants are movers who, on Census Day, were residing in a different CSD one year earlier (internal migrants) or who were living outside Canada one year earlier (external migrants).

Intraprovincial migrants are movers who, on Census Day, were living in a different CSD from the one at which they resided one year earlier, in the same province.

Interprovincial migrants are movers who, on Census Day, were living in a different CSD from the one at which they resided one year earlier, in a different province.

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Footnote 17

Refers to the relationship between a person's usual place of residence on Census Day and his or her usual place of residence five years earlier. A person is classified as a non-mover if no difference exists. Otherwise, a person is classified as a mover and this categorization is called Mobility status (5 years ago). Within the category of movers, a further distinction is made between non-migrants and migrants; this difference is called migration status.

Non-movers are persons who, on Census Day, were living at the same address as the one at which they resided five years earlier.

Movers are persons who, on Census Day, were living at a different address from the one at which they resided five years earlier.

Non-migrants are movers who, on Census Day, were living at a different address, but in the same census subdivision (CSD) as the one they lived in five years earlier.

Migrants are movers who, on Census Day, were residing in a different CSD five years earlier (internal migrants) or who were living outside Canada five years earlier (external migrants).

Intraprovincial migrants are movers who, on Census Day, were living in a different CSD from the one in which they resided five years earlier, in the same province.

Interprovincial migrants are movers who, on Census Day, were living in a different CSD from the one in which they resided five years earlier, in a different province.

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Footnote 18

Citizenship
Part A - Plain language definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the legal citizenship status of the respondent. Persons who are citizens of more than one country were instructed to provide the name of the other country(ies).

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Includes persons who are stateless.

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Footnote 19

Includes persons who are stateless. Prior to the 2006 Census, this category was called 'Citizens of other countries'. The content of the category remains unchanged in 2006 compared with previous censuses.

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Footnote 20

For information on the specific countries included in each regional grouping in this variable, please refer to Appendix J in the 2006 Census Dictionary.

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Footnote 21

Non-immigrants are persons who are Canadian citizens by birth. Although most Canadian citizens by birth were born in Canada, a small number were born outside Canada to Canadian parents.

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Footnote 22

Immigrants are persons who are, or have ever been, landed immigrants in Canada. A landed immigrant is a person who has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others are recent arrivals. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number were born in Canada. Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to Census Day, May 16, 2006.

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Footnote 23

'Other' includes Greenland, Saint Pierre and Miquelon, the category 'Other country,' as well as immigrants born in Canada.

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Footnote 24

Non-permanent residents are persons from another country who, at the time of the census, held a Work or Study Permit or who were refugee claimants, as well as family members living with them in Canada.

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Footnote 25

In this product, recent immigrants are immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 2001 and Census Day, May 16, 2006.

Immigrants are persons who are, or have ever been, landed immigrants in Canada. A landed immigrant is a person who has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others are recent arrivals. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number were born in Canada. Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to Census Day, May 16, 2006.

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For information on the specific countries included in each regional grouping in this variable, please refer to Appendix J in the 2006 Census Dictionary.

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Footnote 26

'Other' includes Greenland, Saint Pierre and Miquelon, the category 'Other country,' as well as immigrants born in Canada.

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Footnote 27

Period of immigration
Part A - Plain language definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to ranges of years based on the year of immigration question. Year of immigration refers to the year in which landed immigrant status was first obtained. A landed immigrant is a person who has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Immigrants are persons who are, or have ever been, landed immigrants in Canada. A landed immigrant is a person who has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others are recent arrivals. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number were born in Canada. Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to Census Day, May 16, 2006.

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Footnote 28

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to Census Day, May 16, 2006.

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Footnote 29

Generation status
Part A - Plain language definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the generational status of a person, that is, 1st generation, 2nd generation or 3rd generation or more.

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Footnote 30

Persons born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, landed immigrants in Canada. Also included in the first generation are a small number of people born outside Canada to parents who are Canadian citizens by birth. In addition, the first generation includes people who are non-permanent residents (defined as people from another country living in Canada on Work or Study Permits or as refugee claimants, and any family members living with them in Canada).

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Footnote 31

Persons born inside Canada with at least one parent born outside Canada. This includes (a) persons born in Canada with both parents born outside Canada and (b) persons born in Canada with one parent born in Canada and one parent born outside Canada (these persons may have grandparents born inside or outside Canada as well).

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Footnote 32

Persons born inside Canada with both parents born inside Canada (these persons may have grandparents born inside or outside Canada as well).

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Footnote 33

Aboriginal identity
Part A - Plain language definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to those persons who reported identifying with at least one Aboriginal group, that is, North American Indian, Métis or Inuit, and/or those who reported being a Treaty Indian or a Registered Indian, as defined by the Indian Act of Canada and/or those who reported they were members of an Indian band or First Nation.
In 1991 and previous censuses, the Aboriginal population was defined using the ethnic origin question (ancestry). The 1996 Census included a question on the individual's perception of his/her Aboriginal identity.
The question used in the 2006 and 2001 censuses is the same as the one used in 1996.
This is a grouping of the total population into non-Aboriginal or Aboriginal population, with Aboriginal persons further divided into Aboriginal groups, based on their responses to three questions on the 2006 Census form.

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Footnote 34

Included in the Aboriginal identity population are those persons who reported identifying with at least one Aboriginal group, that is, North American Indian, Métis or Inuit, and/or those who reported being a Treaty Indian or a Registered Indian, as defined by the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported they were members of an Indian band or First Nation.

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Footnote 35

Users should be aware that the counts for this item are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements. The extent of the impact will depend on the geographic area under study. In 2006, a total of 22 Indian reserves and Indian settlements were incompletely enumerated by the census. The populations of these 22 communities are not included in the census counts.

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Footnote 36

Includes those who identified themselves as Registered Indians and/or band members without identifying themselves as North American Indian, Métis or Inuit in the Aboriginal identity question.

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Footnote 37

Registered or Treaty Indian
Part A - Plain language definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to those persons who reported they were registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act and can prove descent from a band that signed a treaty. Although there was a question in the 1991 Census on registration status, the layout of the 1996 question was somewhat different. In 1991, Question 16 on Registered Indians had two components. In the first part of the question, respondents were asked about their registration status, while the second part of the question dealt with band membership. The question used in 1996 asked only for registration or treaty status, while band membership was dealt with in a separate question.
The wording of the question, starting in 1996, differs slightly from the one in previous censuses. Prior to 1996, the term 'treaty' was not included in the question. It was added in 1996 at the request of individuals from the Western provinces, where the term is more widely used.
The 2006 Census question is the same as the one used in 1996 and 2001.

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Footnote 38

Registered or Treaty Indian: The expression 'Registered Indian' refers to those persons who reported they were registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act and can prove descent from a band that signed a treaty.

The Registered Indian counts in this table may differ from the administrative counts maintained by the Department of Indian Affairs and Northern Development, with the most important causes of these differences being the incompletely enumerated Indian reserves and Indian settlements as well as methodological and conceptual differences between the two sources.

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Footnote 39

Labour force activity
Part A - Plain language definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the labour market activity of the population 15 years of age and over in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day (May 16, 2006). Respondents were classified as Employed, Unemployed, or Not in the labour force. The labour force includes the employed and the unemployed.

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Footnote 40

Labour force
Part A - Plain language definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to persons who were either employed or unemployed during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day (May 16, 2006).

Labour force = Employed + Unemployed

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Footnote 41

Employed
Part A - Plain language definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Persons who, during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day (May 16, 2006): (a) did any work at all for pay or in self-employment or without pay in a family farm, business or professional practice; (b) were absent from their job or business, with or without pay, for the entire week because of a vacation, an illness, a labour dispute at their place of work, or any other reasons.

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Footnote 42

Unemployed
Part A - Plain language definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Persons who, during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day (May 16, 2006), were without paid work or without self-employment work and were available for work and either: (a) had actively looked for paid work in the past four weeks; or (b) were on temporary lay-off and expected to return to their job; or (c) had definite arrangements to start a new job in four weeks or less.

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Footnote 43

Not in the labour force
Part A - Plain language definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to persons who, in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day (May 16, 2006), were neither employed nor unemployed. It includes students, homemakers, retired workers, seasonal workers in an 'off' season who were not looking for work, and persons who could not work because of a long term illness or disability.

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Footnote 44

Participation rate
Part A - Plain language definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the labour force in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day (May 16, 2006), expressed as a percentage of the population 15 years of age and over.

Participation rate = Labour force divided by Population 15 years of age and over (excluding institutional residents) X 100

The participation rate for a particular group (age, sex, marital status, geographic area, etc.) is the total labour force in that group, expressed as a percentage of the population 15 years of age and over, in that group.

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Footnote 45

Employment rate
Part A - Plain language definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the number of persons employed in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day (May 16, 2006), expressed as a percentage of the total population 15 years of age and over.

Employment rate = Employed divided by Population 15 years and over (excluding institutional residents) X 100

The employment rate for a particular group (age, sex, marital status, geographic area, etc.) is the number employed in that group, expressed as a percentage of the population 15 years of age and over, in that group.

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Footnote 46

Unemployment rate
Part A - Plain language definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the unemployed expressed as a percentage of the labour force in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day (May 16, 2006).

Unemployment rate = Unemployed divided by Labour force X 100

The unemployment rate for a particular group (age, sex, marital status, geographic area, etc.) is the unemployed in that group, expressed as a percentage of the labour force in that group, in the week prior to enumeration.

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Footnote 47

Class of worker
Part A - Plain language definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
This variable classifies persons who reported a job into the following categories:
a. persons who worked mainly for wages, salaries, commissions, tips, piece-rates, or payments 'in kind' (payments in goods or services rather than money);
b. persons who worked mainly for themselves, with or without paid help, operating a business, farm or professional practice, alone or in partnership;
c. persons who worked without pay in a family business, farm or professional practice owned or operated by a related household member; unpaid family work does not include unpaid housework, unpaid childcare, unpaid care to seniors and volunteer work.

The job reported was the one held in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to enumeration (May 16, 2006) if the person was employed, or the job of longest duration since January 1, 2005, if the person was not employed during the reference week. Persons with two or more jobs in the reference week were asked to provide information for the job at which they worked the most hours.

Labour force
Part A - Plain language definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to persons who were either employed or unemployed during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day (May 16, 2006).

Labour force = Employed + Unemployed

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Footnote 48

Unemployed persons 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2005.

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Footnote 49

Refers to the experienced labour force population: includes persons who were employed and persons who were unemployed who worked for pay or in self-employment since January 1, 2005.

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Footnote 50

Occupation (based on the National Occupational Classification for Statistics 2006 [NOC-S 2006])
Part A - Plain language definition
Kind of work done by persons aged 15 and over. Occupation is based on the type of job the person holds and the description of his or her duties. The 2006 Census data on occupation are classified according to the National Occupational Classification for Statistics 2006 (NOC-S 2006). For comparisons with data from the 1991 and 1996 censuses, the variable Occupation (historical) should be used.
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the kind of work persons were doing during the reference week, as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. If the person did not have a job during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to enumeration (May 16, 2006), the data relate to the job of longest duration since January 1, 2005. Persons with two or more jobs were to report the information for the job at which they worked the most hours.
The 2006 Census occupation data are classified according to the National Occupational Classification for Statistics 2006 (NOC-S 2006). This classification is composed of four levels of aggregation. There are 10 broad occupational categories containing 47 major groups that are further subdivided into 140 minor groups. At the most detailed level, there are 520 occupation unit groups. Occupation unit groups are formed on the basis of the education, training, or skill level required to enter the job, as well as the kind of work performed, as determined by the tasks, duties and responsibilities of the occupation.
For information on the NOC-S 2006, see the National Occupational Classification for Statistics 2006, Catalogue no. 12-583-XIE.

Labour force
Part A - Plain language definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to persons who were either employed or unemployed during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day (May 16, 2006).

Labour force = Employed + Unemployed

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Footnote 51

Unemployed persons 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2005.

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Footnote 52

Refers to the experienced labour force population: includes persons who were employed and persons who were unemployed who worked for pay or in self-employment since January 1, 2005.

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Footnote 53

Industry (based on the North American Industry Classification System [NAICS] 2002)
Part A - Plain language definition
General nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2006 Census data on industry (based on the NAICS 2002) can be compared with data from Canada's NAFTA partners (United States and Mexico).
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. If the person did not have a job during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to enumeration (May 16, 2006), the data relate to the job of longest duration since January 1, 2005. Persons with two or more jobs were required to report the information for the job at which they worked the most hours.

The 2006 Census industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2002. The NAICS provides enhanced industry comparability among the three North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) trading partners (Canada, United States and Mexico). This classification consists of a systematic and comprehensive arrangement of industries structured into 20 sectors, 103 subsectors and 328 industry groups. The criteria used to create these categories are similarity of input structures, labour skills or production processes used by the establishment. For further information on the classification, see North American Industry Classification System, Canada, 2002, Catalogue no. 12-501-XPE.

Labour force
Part A - Plain language definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to persons who were either employed or unemployed during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day (May 16, 2006).

Labour force = Employed + Unemployed

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Footnote 54

Unemployed persons 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2005.

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Footnote 55

Refers to the experienced labour force population: includes persons who were employed and persons who were unemployed who worked for pay or in self-employment since January 1, 2005.

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Footnote 56

Place of work status
Part A - Plain language definition
Classification of people aged 15 or over who worked at some point between January 1, 2005 and May 16, 2006 (Census Day), according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address, or worked at a specific address.
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the place of work of non-institutional residents 15 years of age and over who worked at some time since January 1, 2005. The variable usually relates to the individual's job held in the week prior to enumeration. However, if the person did not work during that week but had worked at some time since January 1, 2005, the information relates to the job held longest during that period.

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Footnote 57

Mode of transportation
Part A - Plain language definition
Main means a person uses to travel between home and place of work (by car, on foot, on public transit, or by some other means).
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the mode of transportation to work of non-institutional residents 15 years of age and over who worked at some time since January 1, 2005. Persons who indicate in the place of work question that they either had no fixed workplace address, or specified a usual workplace address, are asked to identify the mode of transportation they usually use to commute from home to work. The variable usually relates to the individual's job in the week prior to enumeration. However, if the person did not work during that week but had worked at some time since January 1, 2005, the information relates to the job held longest during that period.

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Footnote 58

Refers to the language used most often at work by the individual at the time of the census. Data on other languages used at work on a regular basis are also collected.

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Footnote 59

The 2006 category 'Chinese, n.o.s.' includes responses of 'Chinese' as well as all Chinese languages other than Cantonese, Mandarin, Taiwanese, Chaochow (Teochow), Fukien, Hakka and Shanghainese. Data for the 'Chinese, n.o.s.' category in 2001 and 2006 are not directly comparable. The 2001 category 'Chinese, n.o.s.' is equivalent to the sum of the 2006 categories 'Chinese, n.o.s.' and 'Chaochow (Teochow),' 'Fukien,' 'Shanghainese' and 'Taiwanese.'

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Footnote 60

This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the census that are not displayed separately here. For a full list of languages collected in the census, please refer to Appendix G in the 2006 Census Dictionary.

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Footnote 61

Hours spent doing unpaid housework
Part A - Plain language definition
Number of hours that the person spent doing housework, maintaining the house or doing yard work without getting paid for doing so. For example, this includes time spent preparing meals, mowing the lawn, or cleaning the house, for oneself or for relatives, friends or neighbours. The time spent on this activity is divided into blocks of hours (None, Less than 5 hours, 5 to 14 hours, 15 to 29 hours, 30 to 59 hours, and 60 hours or more). Only hours spent on the activity during the week before Census Day (May 7 to 13, 2006) are counted.
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the number of hours persons spent doing unpaid housework, yard work or home maintenance in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day (May 16, 2006). It includes hours spent doing unpaid housework for members of one's own household, for other family members outside the household, and for friends or neighbours.

Unpaid housework does not include volunteer work for a non-profit organization, a religious organization, a charity or community group, or work without pay in the operation of a family farm, business or professional practice.

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Footnote 62

Hours spent looking after children, without pay
Part A - Plain language definition
Number of hours that the person spent looking after children without getting paid for doing so. For example, this includes time spent taking care of one's own children or looking after the children of relatives, friends or neighbours. The time spent on this activity is divided into blocks of hours (none, less than 5 hours, 5 to 14 hours, 15 to 29 hours, 30 to 59 hours, and 60 hours or more). Only hours spent on the activity during the week before Census Day (May 7 to 13, 2006) are counted.
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the number of hours persons spent looking after children without pay. It includes hours spent providing unpaid child care for members of one's own household, for other family members outside the household, for friends or neighbours in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day (May 16, 2006).

Unpaid child care does not include volunteer work for a non-profit organization, a religious organization, a charity or community group, or work without pay in the operation of a family farm, business or professional practice.

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Footnote 63

Hours spent providing unpaid care or assistance to seniors
Part A - Plain language definition
Number of hours that the person spent providing care or assistance to elderly people without getting paid for doing so. This includes time spent giving personal care to an elderly relative, helping elderly neighbours with their shopping, and so on. The time spent on this activity is divided into blocks of hours (None, Less than 5 hours, 5 to 9 hours, 10 to 19 hours, and 20 hours or more). Only hours spent on the activity during the week before Census Day (May 7 to 13, 2006) are counted.
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the number of hours persons spent providing unpaid care or assistance to seniors of one's own household, to other senior family members outside the household, and to friends or neighbours in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day (May 16, 2006).

Unpaid care or assistance to seniors does not include volunteer work for a non-profit organization, religious organization, charity or community group, or work without pay in the operation of a family farm, business or professional practice.

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Footnote 64

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class'. For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

Census questions relating to education changed substantially between 2001 and 2006, principally to reflect developments in Canada's education system. These changes improved the quality of data and provided more precise information on the level of educational attainment as well as fields of study.

However, users should be aware that changes to the education portion of the 2006 Census questionnaire have affected the comparability of some 2006 Census data with data from previous censuses. More information on the historical comparability of specific categories of 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' is available in the Education Reference Guide, 2006 Census, catalogue number 97-560-GWE2006003.

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Footnote 65

'High school certificate or equivalent' includes persons who have graduated from a secondary school or equivalent. Excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree. Examples of postsecondary institutions include community colleges, institutes of technology, CEGEPs, private trade schools, private business colleges, schools of nursing and universities.

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Footnote 66

'College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' replaces the category 'Other non university certificate or diploma' in previous censuses. This category includes accreditation by non degree-granting institutions such as community colleges, CEGEPs, private business colleges and technical institutes.

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Footnote 67

The overall quality of the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable from the 2006 Census is acceptable. However, users of the 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor level' category should know that an unexpected growth in this category was noted compared to the 2001 Census.

In fact, in the 2001 Census, 2.5% of respondents aged 15 years or over declared such a diploma, compared to 4.4% in 2006, representing 89% growth. This phenomenon was not found in other sources like the Labour Force Survey.

We recommend users interpret the 2006 Census results for this category with caution.

For more information on factors that may explain such variances in census data, such as response errors and processing errors, please refer to the 2006 Census Dictionary, Appendix B: Data quality, sampling and weighting, confidentiality and random rounding.

More information is available in the Education Reference Guide, 2006 Census, catalogue number 97-560-GWE2006003.

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Footnote 68

Questions pertaining to university degrees attained in 2006 (for example bachelor's degrees or master's degrees) were similar to those asked in 2001. Data for the university categories (bachelor's degree through to earned doctorate) are comparable over time.

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Footnote 69

'Field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level.

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Footnote 70

Includes Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.

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Footnote 71

'Location of study' refers to the province, territory or country where the highest certificate, diploma, or degree above high school level was completed.

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Footnote 72

Aboriginal ancestry
Part A - Plain language definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to those persons who reported at least one Aboriginal ancestry (North American Indian, Métis or Inuit) to the ethnic origin question. 'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the respondent's ancestors.
'Aboriginal ancestry' was referred to as 'Aboriginal origin' prior to the 2006 Census. The content of the variable remains unchanged in 2006 compared with previous censuses.

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Footnote 73

Refers to those persons who reported at least one Aboriginal ancestry (North American Indian, Métis or Inuit) to the ethnic origin question. 'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of a person's ancestors. Additional information on ethnic origin can be obtained from the 2006 Census Dictionary. 'Aboriginal ancestry' was referred to as 'Aboriginal origin' prior to the 2006 Census. The content of the variable remains unchanged in 2006 compared with the previous censuses.

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Footnote 74

Includes those who reported multiple Aboriginal ancestries or multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries to the ethnic origin question.

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Footnote 75

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 76

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

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Footnote 77

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

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Footnote 78

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

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Footnote 79

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Kurd,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 80

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 81

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 82

The count for 'Total population by ethnic origin (single and multiple responses)' represents the total population of Canada, excluding institutional residents. It also represents the sum of persons who reported single ethnic origins and multiple ethnic origins in the census.

The count for 'Total population - Single responses' represents the total number of persons who reported only one ethnic origin in the census. This total is greater than the sum of single responses in this table because not all ethnic origins are shown in this profile.

The count for 'Total population - Multiple responses' represents the total number of persons who reported more than one ethnic origin in the census. This total is less than the sum of multiple responses of each group because respondents reporting more than one ethnic origin are counted in the multiple responses categories for each of the groups they reported. For example: a respondent reporting Scottish and English origins is counted once under the 'Total Population - Multiple responses' category. However, the same respondent is counted once in the 'Scottish - Multiple responses' category and counted once in the 'English - Multiple responses' category.

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Footnote 83

The count for 'Total population by ethnic origin (single and multiple responses)' represents the total population of Canada, excluding institutional residents. It also represents the sum of persons who reported single ethnic origins and multiple ethnic origins in the census.

The count for 'Total population - Single responses' represents the total number of persons who reported only one ethnic origin in the census. This total is greater than the sum of single responses in this table because not all ethnic origins are shown in this profile.

The count for 'Total population - Multiple responses' represents the total number of persons who reported more than one ethnic origin in the census. This total is less than the sum of multiple responses of each group because respondents reporting more than one ethnic origin are counted in the multiple responses categories for each of the groups they reported. For example: a respondent reporting Scottish and English origins is counted once under the 'Total Population - Multiple responses' category. However, the same respondent is counted once in the 'Scottish - Multiple responses' category and counted once in the 'English - Multiple responses' category.

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Footnote 84

The count for 'Total population by ethnic origin (single and multiple responses)' represents the total population of Canada, excluding institutional residents. It also represents the sum of persons who reported single ethnic origins and multiple ethnic origins in the census.

The count for 'Total population - Single responses' represents the total number of persons who reported only one ethnic origin in the census. This total is greater than the sum of single responses in this table because not all ethnic origins are shown in this profile.

The count for 'Total population - Multiple responses' represents the total number of persons who reported more than one ethnic origin in the census. This total is less than the sum of multiple responses of each group because respondents reporting more than one ethnic origin are counted in the multiple responses categories for each of the groups they reported. For example: a respondent reporting Scottish and English origins is counted once under the 'Total Population - Multiple responses' category. However, the same respondent is counted once in the 'Scottish - Multiple responses' category and counted once in the 'English - Multiple responses' category.

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Footnote 85

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.'

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Footnote 86

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.'

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Footnote 87

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.'

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Footnote 88

'Total income' refers to the total money income received from the following sources during calendar year 2005 by persons 15 years of age and over:

- wages and salaries (total)
- net farm income
- net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice
- child benefits
- Old Age Security pension and Guaranteed Income Supplement
- benefits from Canada or Quebec Pension Plan
- benefits from Employment Insurance
- other income from government sources
- dividends, interest on bonds, deposits and savings certificates, and other investment income
- retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from RRSPs and RRIFs
- other money income.

'After-tax income' refers to total income from all sources minus federal, provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2005.

Receipts not counted as income - The income concept excluded gambling gains and losses, lottery prizes, money inherited during the year in a lump sum, capital gains or losses, receipts from the sale of property, income tax refunds, loan payments received, lump sum settlements of insurance policies, rebates received on property taxes, refunds of pension contributions, as well as all income 'in kind,' such as free meals and living accommodations, or agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm.

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals 15 years of age and over who reported income for 2005. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males 45 to 54 years of age) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the unrounded number of individuals (e.g., males 45 to 54 years of age) with income in that group.

Standard error of average income - Refers to the estimated standard error of average income for an income size distribution. If interpreted as shown below, it serves as a rough indicator of the precision of the corresponding estimate of average income. For about 68% of the samples which could be selected from the sample frame, the difference between the sample estimate of average income and the corresponding figure based on complete enumeration would be less than one standard error. For about 95% of the possible samples, the difference would be less than two standard errors and, in about 99% of the samples, the difference would be less than approximately two and one half standard errors.

Average and median incomes and standard errors of average income of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least 15 years of age and who have an income (positive or negative). For all other universes (families [census/economic]), persons 15 years of age and over not in families or private households), these statistics will be calculated over all units, whether or not they reported any income.

These statistics can be derived for after-tax income, earnings, wages and salaries, or any other particular source of income in the same manner.

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Footnote 89

Including loss.

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Footnote 90

For persons with income.

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Footnote 91

For persons with income.

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Footnote 92

For persons with income.

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Footnote 93

'Total income' refers to the total money income received from the following sources during calendar year 2005 by persons 15 years of age and over:

- wages and salaries (total)
- net farm income
- net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice
- child benefits
- Old Age Security pension and Guaranteed Income Supplement
- benefits from Canada or Quebec Pension Plan
- benefits from Employment Insurance
- other income from government sources
- dividends, interest on bonds, deposits and savings certificates, and other investment income
- retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from RRSPs and RRIFs
- other money income.

'After-tax income' refers to total income from all sources minus federal, provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2005.

Receipts not counted as income - The income concept excluded gambling gains and losses, lottery prizes, money inherited during the year in a lump sum, capital gains or losses, receipts from the sale of property, income tax refunds, loan payments received, lump sum settlements of insurance policies, rebates received on property taxes, refunds of pension contributions, as well as all income 'in kind,' such as free meals and living accommodations, or agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm.

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals 15 years of age and over who reported income for 2005. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males 45 to 54 years of age) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the unrounded number of individuals (e.g., males 45 to 54 years of age) with income in that group.

Standard error of average income - Refers to the estimated standard error of average income for an income size distribution. If interpreted as shown below, it serves as a rough indicator of the precision of the corresponding estimate of average income. For about 68% of the samples which could be selected from the sample frame, the difference between the sample estimate of average income and the corresponding figure based on complete enumeration would be less than one standard error. For about 95% of the possible samples, the difference would be less than two standard errors and, in about 99% of the samples, the difference would be less than approximately two and one half standard errors.

Average and median incomes and standard errors of average income of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least 15 years of age and who have an income (positive or negative). For all other universes (families [census/economic]), persons 15 years of age and over not in families or private households), these statistics will be calculated over all units, whether or not they reported any income.

These statistics can be derived for after-tax income, earnings, wages and salaries, or any other particular source of income in the same manner.

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Footnote 94

Including loss.

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Footnote 95

For persons with after-tax income.

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Footnote 96

For persons with after-tax income.

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Footnote 97

For persons with after-tax income.

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Footnote 98

Earnings or employment income - Refers to total income received by persons 15 years of age and over during calendar year 2005 as wages and salaries, net income from a non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice, and/or net farm self-employment income.

Wages and salaries - Refers to gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income tax, pensions and Employment Insurance. Included in this source are military pay and allowances, tips, commissions and cash bonuses, benefits from wage-loss replacement plans or income-maintenance insurance plans, supplementary unemployment benefits from an employer or union as well as all types of casual earnings during calendar year 2005. Other employment income such as taxable benefits, research grants and royalties are included.

Net farm income - Refers to net income (gross receipts from farm sales minus depreciation and cost of operation) received during calendar year 2005 from the operation of a farm, either on the respondent's own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share of income was reported. Included with gross receipts are cash advances received in 2005, dividends from cooperatives, rebates and farm-support payments to farmers from federal, provincial and regional agricultural programs (for example, milk subsidies and marketing board payments) and gross insurance proceeds such as payments from the Net Income Stabilization Account (NISA). The value of income 'in kind,' such as agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm, is excluded.

Net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice - Refers to net income (gross receipts minus expenses of operation such as wages, rents and depreciation) received during calendar year 2005 from the respondent's non-farm unincorporated business or professional practice. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share was reported. Also included is net income from persons babysitting in their own homes, persons providing room and board to non-relatives, self-employed fishers, hunters and trappers, operators of direct distributorships such as those selling and delivering cosmetics, as well as freelance activities of artists, writers, music teachers, hairdressers, dressmakers, etc.

Average employment income of individuals - Average employment income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals 15 years of age and over who reported income for 2005. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males 45 to 54 years of age) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median employment income of individuals - The median employment income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution, ranked by size of income, into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the unrounded number of individuals (e.g., males 45 to 54 years of age) with income in that group.

Standard error of average employment income - Refers to the estimated standard error of average employment income for an income size distribution. If interpreted as shown below, it serves as a rough indicator of the precision of the corresponding estimate of average income. For about 68% of the samples which could be selected from the sample frame, the difference between the sample estimate of average income and the corresponding figure based on complete enumeration would be less than one standard error. For about 95% of the possible samples, the difference would be less than two standard errors and, in about 99% of the samples, the difference would be less than approximately two and one half standard errors.

The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics for earnings or any other source of income and after-tax income of persons 15 years of age and over not in families and households.

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Work activity - Refers to the number of weeks in which a person worked for pay or in self-employment in the reference year at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (1 to 29 hours per week). Persons with a part-time job for part of the year and a full-time job for another part of the year were to report the information for the job at which they worked the most weeks. The term 'Full-year full-time workers' refers to persons 15 years of age and over who worked 49 to 52 weeks (mostly full time) in the reference year for pay or in self-employment.

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Includes persons who did not work in 2005 but reported employment income.

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Footnote 99

Worked 49 to 52 weeks in 2005, mostly full time.

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Footnote 100

Worked less than 49 weeks or worked mostly part time in 2005.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2006 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 97-555-XCB2006054.

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