2006 Census Topic-based tabulations
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Topic-based tabulation: Commuting Distance (km) (9), Age Groups (9) and Sex (3) for the Employed Labour Force 15 Years and Over Having a Usual Place of Work of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2006 Census - 20% Sample Data
About this tabulation
General information
Catalogue number : | 97-561-XCB2006010 |
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Release date : | March 4, 2008 |
Topic : | Place of work and commuting to work |
Data dimensions : |
Note
Note: Comparability of 2006 Place of work data
Working at home can be measured in different ways. In the census, the 'Worked at home' category includes persons who live and work at the same physical location, such as farmers, teleworkers and work camp workers. In addition, the 2006 Census Guide instructed persons who worked part of the time at home and part of the time at an employer's address to indicate that they 'Worked at home' if most of their time was spent working at home (e.g., three days out of five).
Other Statistics Canada surveys such as the General Social Survey, the Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics, and the Workplace and Employee Survey also collect information on working at home. However, the survey data are not directly comparable to the census data since the surveys ask respondents whether they did some or all of their paid work at home, whereas the census asks them where they usually worked most of the time. Consequently, census estimates on work at home are lower than survey estimates.
The place-of-work question has remained in virtually the same format in each census since 1971. However, in 1996, the category 'No fixed workplace address' replaced 'No usual place of work.' In 1996, the census questionnaire was modified by adding a check box for the 'No fixed workplace' response category. In previous censuses, respondents were asked to write 'No usual place of work' in the address fields. It is believed that previous censuses have undercounted the number of persons with 'No fixed workplace address.'
Annexations, incorporations and amalgamations of municipalities could create some difficulties when comparing spatial units and structures which change over time.
For additional information, please refer to the 2006 Census Dictionary, Catalogue number 92 566-XWE or 92-566-XPE.
Note: Institutional residents
People in seniors' residences in the 2006 Census are classified as 'not living in an institution'. This is a change from the 2001 Census where they were classified as institutional residents, specifically, 'living in an institution, resident under care or custody'.
Note: Non-permanent residents and the census universe
In the 2006 Census, non-permanent residents are defined as people from another country who, at the time of the census, held a Work or Study Permit, or who were refugee claimants, as well as family members living in Canada with them. In the 1991, 1996 and 2001 censuses, non-permanent residents also included persons who held a Minister's permit; this was discontinued by Citizenship and Immigration Canada prior to the 2006 Census.
From 1991 on, the Census of Population has enumerated both permanent and non-permanent residents of Canada. Prior to 1991, only permanent residents of Canada were included in the census. (The only exception to this occurred in 1941.) Non-permanent residents were considered foreign residents and were not enumerated.
Total population counts, as well as counts for all variables, are affected by this change in the census universe. Users should be especially careful when comparing data from 1991, 1996, 2001 or 2006 with data from previous censuses in geographic areas where there is a concentration of non-permanent residents.
Today in Canada, non-permanent residents make up a significant segment of the population, especially in several census metropolitan areas. Their presence can affect the demand for such government services as health care, schooling, employment programs and language training. The inclusion of non-permanent residents in the census facilitates comparisons with provincial and territorial statistics (marriages, divorces, births and deaths) which include this population. In addition, this inclusion of non-permanent residents brings Canadian practice closer to the United Nations (UN) recommendation that long-term residents (persons living in a country for one year or longer) be enumerated in the census.
Although every attempt has been made to enumerate non-permanent residents, factors such as language difficulties, the reluctance to complete a government form or to understand the need to participate may have affected the enumeration of this population.
For additional information, please refer to the 2006 Census Dictionary, catalogue number 92-566-XWE or 92-566-XPE.
For counts of the non-permanent resident population in 1991, 2001 and 2006, please refer to the 2006 Census table 97-557-XCB2006006.
Data table
Commuting distance (km) (9) | Age groups (9) | ||||||||
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Total - Age groups | 15 to 24 years | 25 to 54 years | 25 to 34 years | 35 to 44 years | 45 to 54 years | 55 to 64 years | 65 to 74 years | 75 years and over | |
Total - All commutersFootnote 2 | 504,710 | 85,305 | 355,335 | 116,630 | 120,350 | 118,350 | 54,600 | 8,205 | 1,265 |
Less than 5 km | 154,090 | 36,785 | 97,915 | 35,865 | 31,330 | 30,725 | 16,025 | 2,885 | 480 |
5 to 9.9 km | 149,530 | 23,880 | 105,655 | 33,095 | 35,825 | 36,740 | 17,025 | 2,580 | 390 |
10 to 14.9 km | 112,750 | 13,295 | 85,375 | 26,535 | 29,885 | 28,955 | 12,285 | 1,615 | 175 |
15 to 19.9 km | 47,670 | 5,475 | 36,660 | 12,340 | 12,605 | 11,715 | 4,920 | 495 | 115 |
20 to 24.9 km | 14,790 | 1,685 | 11,420 | 3,495 | 4,060 | 3,860 | 1,470 | 190 | 25 |
25 to 29.9 km | 7,485 | 765 | 5,780 | 1,780 | 2,190 | 1,815 | 800 | 145 | 0 |
30 km or more | 18,390 | 3,420 | 12,525 | 3,515 | 4,460 | 4,550 | 2,075 | 290 | 70 |
Median commuting distanceFootnote 3 | 8.2 | 6.0 | 8.7 | 8.3 | 9.0 | 8.8 | 8.2 | 7.1 | 6.5 |
Footnotes
- Footnote 1
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Excludes census data for one or more incompletely enumerated Indian reserves or Indian settlements.
2001 adjusted count; most of these are the result of boundary changes.
- Footnote 2
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Commuting distance
Part A - Plain language definition
Straight-line distance between a respondent's home and place of work.
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the distance, in kilometres, between the respondent's residence and his or her usual workplace location. The variable relates to non-institutional residents 15 years of age and over who worked at some time since January 1, 2005. The variable usually relates to the individual's job held in the week prior to enumeration. However, if the person did not work during that week but had worked at some time since January 1, 2005, the information relates to the job held longest during that period. - Footnote 3
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The median distance of a specified group of distance units is that distance which divides their distribution into two halves, i.e. the distances of the first half are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median.
The distance is calculated as the straight-line distance between the residential block representative point and the workplace location representative point. For persons who work outside the areas covered by census metropolitan areas or census agglomerations, the workplace location is usually coded to a single representative point for the census subdivision of work. This can affect the calculated commuting distance, particularly when the census subdivision of work has a large area. This is most apparent for members of the labour force who live in smaller, resource-based urban areas and work outside the census metropolitan area or census agglomeration.
Source: Statistics Canada, 2006 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 97-561-XCB2006010.
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Footnotes
- Footnote a
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To access the comma separated values (CSV) file, use the conversion features available in most spreadsheet software, or use a free viewer, for example csview.
- Footnote b
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To access the tab separated values (TAB) file, use the conversion features available in most spreadsheet software, or use a free viewer, for example AscToTab.
- Footnote c
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To access the Beyond 20/20 (IVT) version, you need the Beyond 20/20 Table Browser, which may be downloaded below. These links download files directly from an external site and are not the responsibility of Statistics Canada.
Beyond 20/20 Browser for Windows operating systems (18.9 MB)
To install this product, run 'ProBrowser.exe'. - Footnote d
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XML (SDMX - ML) - Is a statistical data and metadata exchange standard for the electronic exchange of statistical information. Two extensible mark-up language (XML) files are provided in a compressed bundle.
Related data
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2006 Census analysis series:Commuting Patterns and Places of Work of Canadians, 2006 Census: Findings
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2006 Census reference guides and technical reports:Journey to Work Reference Guide, 2006 Census