Aboriginal Population Profile, 2016 Census
Niagara, Regional municipality [Census division], Ontario

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Sex Information - Sex

Age groups Information - Age

The table shows aboriginal identities (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers), by sex and age groups.
Characteristic	Niagara, RM Ontario [Census division]
	Data quality , Niagara, Regional municipality [Census division], Ontario Map : Niagara, Regional municipality [Census division], Ontario Related data - Niagara, RM
	Total - Sex, Total - Age groups
	Total - Population in private households by Aboriginal identity^{Footnote 1}	Aboriginal identity^{Footnote 2}	Single Aboriginal responses^{Footnote 3}	First Nations (North American Indian)^{Footnote 4}	Métis	Inuk (Inuit)	Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Footnote 5}	Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Footnote 6}	Non-Aboriginal identity
Average age and median age
Total - Average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	438,160	12,250	11,645	7,200	4,335	105	275	335	425,910
Average age	43.1	34.5	34.5	33.6	36.1	34.2	31.8	36.5	43.4
Median age	45.1	32.2	32.1	31.1	34.0	25.7	29.9	38.6	45.4
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 7}	371,555	9,405	8,955	5,420	3,445	90	195	260	362,155
Married or living common law	215,485	4,375	4,150	2,410	1,710	30	105	120	211,105
Married	182,460	3,140	2,975	1,690	1,265	20	80	85	179,325
Living common law	33,020	1,235	1,180	720	445	10	15	40	31,785
Not married and not living common law	156,075	5,030	4,805	3,005	1,730	60	90	135	151,045
Never married	95,220	3,430	3,280	2,090	1,140	45	60	90	91,790
Separated	13,240	520	510	340	175	0	0	10	12,715
Divorced	24,340	750	705	395	300	10	15	35	23,590
Widowed	23,275	325	305	185	115	10	10	0	22,945
Family characteristics
Total - Family characteristics for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 8}	438,160	12,250	11,640	7,200	4,335	105	270	340	425,910
Married spouses and common-law partners	213,185	4,335	4,110	2,375	1,705	30	100	125	208,855
Married spouses	180,165	3,095	2,930	1,650	1,260	20	80	80	177,070
Common-law partners	33,020	1,235	1,175	720	445	10	20	45	31,780
Lone parents (in lone-parent census families)	22,880	990	950	565	380	10	25	15	21,885
Children in census families (as in sons, daughters or grandchildren)	127,325	4,670	4,415	2,805	1,555	55	120	145	122,655
Living with two biological or adoptive parents^{Census data footnote 9}	81,060	2,150	2,010	1,275	715	20	60	75	78,910
In an intact family^{Census data footnote 10}	78,015	1,925	1,800	1,140	645	20	60	60	76,090
In a complex stepfamily^{Census data footnote 11}	3,045	225	210	135	75	0	0	20	2,815
Living with one biological or adoptive parent and one step-parent	10,790	600	565	335	225	15	15	20	10,190
In a simple stepfamily^{Census data footnote 12}	6,410	295	270	155	105	10	15	15	6,115
In a complex stepfamily^{Census data footnote 13}	4,380	300	295	175	120	0	0	0	4,075
Living with one parent in a lone-parent census family^{Census data footnote 14}	34,080	1,820	1,740	1,120	600	25	35	50	32,255
With a male lone parent	6,330	340	330	230	105	0	0	10	5,995
With a female lone parent	27,745	1,485	1,410	885	500	25	35	40	26,265
Living with grandparents without parents present	1,405	105	100	80	20	0	0	0	1,305
With two grandparents without parents present	705	35	30	20	10	0	0	0	670
With one grandparent without parents present	700	65	65	60	10	0	0	0	630
Persons not in census families	74,765	2,260	2,165	1,455	700	10	35	55	72,510
Living with other relatives	8,240	400	390	280	105	0	0	10	7,835
Foster children	455	80	75	60	20	0	0	0	380
Living with non-relatives only or alone	66,075	1,780	1,700	1,115	575	10	30	55	64,295
Registered or Treaty Indian status
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 15}	438,160	12,250	11,640	7,205	4,340	105	275	335	425,910
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 16}	3,900	3,900	3,580	3,050	525	10	55	270	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	434,260	8,350	8,065	4,155	3,815	95	215	70	425,910
Aboriginal ancestry
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 17}	438,160	12,250	11,640	7,200	4,335	100	275	335	425,915
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 18}	2,060	1,695	1,670	1,200	440	30	15	10	365
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 19}	2,000	1,645	1,625	1,185	405	30	0	10	355
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 20}	1,475	1,215	1,200	1,170	30	0	0	10	265
Métis single ancestry	495	395	390	20	380	0	0	10	100
Inuit single ancestry	30	30	30	0	0	30	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 21}	60	55	45	10	30	0	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	55	50	35	10	35	0	15	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 22}	16,565	8,480	8,160	4,865	3,255	40	235	80	8,085
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 23}	16,110	8,130	7,925	4,845	3,045	40	115	85	7,985
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	12,030	5,485	5,360	4,800	555	0	60	60	6,545
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,990	2,605	2,530	40	2,480	0	55	20	1,385
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	85	35	40	0	10	25	0	0	55
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 24}	455	350	235	20	210	0	120	0	100
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	415	340	220	20	200	0	120	0	80
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	15
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	10	10	0	15	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 25}	419,540	2,075	1,810	1,135	640	35	20	245	417,465
Aboriginal ancestry responses
Total - Aboriginal ancestry responses for the population in private household - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 26}	438,160	12,250	11,645	7,200	4,340	105	270	335	425,910
Total Aboriginal ancestry^{Census data footnote 27}	18,625	10,180	9,830	6,065	3,695	65	255	95	8,445
First Nations ancestry	14,000	7,095	6,820	6,000	820	0	200	70	6,905
Abenaki	20	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	295	220	210	145	65	0	10	10	70
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 28}	40	15	15	15	0	0	0	0	20
Apache	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver (Dunne-za)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 29}	85	20	10	10	0	0	10	0	65
Blood (Kainai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier (Dakelh)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	135	135	135	135	0	0	0	0	0
Cherokee	140	30	25	25	0	0	0	0	110
Chilcotin (Tsilhqot'in)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chipewyan (Denesuline)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cowichan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree	650	320	315	210	95	0	10	0	325
Dakota	10	10	10	10	0	0	0	0	0
Delaware (Lenape)	25	25	20	25	0	0	0	0	0
Dene Tha (Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 30}	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	70	25	25	15	15	0	0	0	40
Innu/Montagnais	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquois, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 31}	330	195	195	195	10	0	0	0	130
Kaska	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakwaka'wakw (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10
Maliseet	20	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	20
Mi'kmaq	1,260	630	595	440	155	0	30	0	625
Mohawk	915	630	620	565	55	0	10	0	285
Musqueam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Navajo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nlaka'pamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuxalk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odawa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	670	520	475	425	50	0	45	0	145
Oji-Cree	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan (Syilx)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	105	95	95	90	0	0	0	0	10
Potawatomi	15	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	10
Sahtu (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10
Salish, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 32}	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sechelt (Shishalh)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemc (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sioux, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 33}	45	35	40	40	0	0	0	0	10
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
St'at'imc (Lillooet)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sto:lo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney (Nakoda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 34}	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wet'suwet'en	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations ancestry, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 35}	9,500	4,415	4,250	3,835	410	10	115	60	5,085
Métis ancestry	4,975	3,410	3,200	90	3,105	0	190	25	1,570
Inuit ancestry	160	85	80	0	20	55	0	0	70
Non-Aboriginal ancestry	436,100	10,550	9,975	6,005	3,895	75	250	320	425,545
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Census data footnote 36}	438,160	12,250	11,640	7,200	4,335	105	270	335	425,910
English only	401,355	10,415	9,880	6,625	3,155	100	245	300	390,935
French only	375	25	25	0	30	0	0	0	345
English and French	33,660	1,800	1,730	575	1,150	0	30	40	31,860
Neither English nor French	2,775	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	2,770
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Census data footnote 37}	438,160	12,250	11,645	7,200	4,340	100	270	335	425,910
English	422,530	11,245	10,660	7,000	3,560	100	255	330	411,280
French	11,775	970	950	190	755	0	20	10	10,805
English and French	1,160	30	30	10	25	0	0	0	1,130
Neither English nor French	2,695	10	10	10	0	0	0	0	2,685
Official language minority
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 38}	12,360	985	965	190	770	0	15	0	11,375
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 39}	2.8	8.0	8.3	2.6	17.7	0.0	5.6	0.0	2.7
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Census data footnote 40}	438,160	12,250	11,640	7,200	4,335	105	270	335	425,910
Official languages	378,280	12,170	11,570	7,140	4,330	100	270	330	366,105
English	365,760	11,115	10,540	6,925	3,515	95	250	325	354,645
French	14,275	1,225	1,195	265	925	10	25	0	13,045
Non-official languages	64,175	90	80	65	15	0	0	10	64,090
Aboriginal languages	45	40	40	40	0	0	0	0	10
Algonquian languages	15	15	10	15	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	15	15	15	15	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	15	15	15	15	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	10	10	0	0	10	0	0	10
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	20	20	20	20	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	10	15	15	15	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	10	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	64,130	50	40	30	15	0	0	10	64,080
Language spoken at home
Total - Language spoken at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Census data footnote 41}	438,160	12,250	11,640	7,200	4,340	105	275	340	425,910
Official languages	425,965	12,245	11,630	7,200	4,335	105	270	335	413,725
English	424,205	12,145	11,545	7,185	4,255	100	270	335	412,055
French	11,990	850	825	195	620	10	20	0	11,140
Non-official languages	51,010	135	125	105	10	0	0	10	50,885
Aboriginal languages	90	80	80	70	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	25	25	25	20	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	20	20	20	15	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	20	20	15	20	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	0	10	0	0	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	45	45	45	45	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	15	15	15	20	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	25	25	25	20	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	10	10	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	50,925	50	40	35	10	0	0	10	50,875
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Census data footnote 42}	438,160	12,250	11,645	7,200	4,335	105	270	340	425,910
Official languages	435,385	12,245	11,635	7,200	4,335	105	275	335	423,145
English	435,015	12,215	11,610	7,195	4,305	105	275	335	422,800
French	34,030	1,820	1,755	570	1,175	10	25	35	32,205
Non-official languages	74,885	320	300	225	70	10	0	15	74,565
Aboriginal languages	145	130	125	115	10	0	0	10	15
Algonquian languages	50	50	50	45	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	10	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	45	45	45	45	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	40	35	35	35	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	10	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	0	10	0	0	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	10	10	0	0	0	10	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	65	65	65	65	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	25	20	20	20	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	40	40	35	35	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	20	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	15
Non-Aboriginal languages	74,740	195	175	105	60	10	0	15	74,550
Mobility status
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago for the population aged 1 year and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 43}	434,020	12,080	11,500	7,120	4,285	100	255	330	421,940
Non-movers	380,605	9,810	9,315	5,740	3,490	85	215	280	370,800
Movers	53,415	2,275	2,190	1,380	790	15	40	50	51,145
Non-migrants	27,480	1,295	1,260	860	395	10	10	25	26,185
Migrants	25,935	980	925	520	395	10	30	30	24,955
Internal migrants	23,600	980	925	525	395	10	25	25	22,615
Intraprovincial migrants	21,930	885	825	485	335	10	30	25	21,045
Interprovincial migrants	1,665	100	100	40	60	0	0	0	1,570
External migrants	2,340	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,340
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago for the population aged 5 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	417,395	11,390	10,845	6,660	4,090	95	235	310	406,010
Non-movers	270,125	5,990	5,685	3,345	2,275	65	120	180	264,140
Movers	147,275	5,400	5,160	3,320	1,815	30	110	125	141,875
Non-migrants	73,595	3,160	3,020	2,020	975	30	50	90	70,430
Migrants	73,680	2,240	2,140	1,295	840	0	65	35	71,440
Internal migrants	65,275	2,195	2,095	1,255	840	10	65	35	63,075
Intraprovincial migrants	60,930	2,025	1,925	1,170	750	0	65	35	58,900
Interprovincial migrants	4,345	170	170	85	85	0	0	0	4,175
External migrants	8,405	45	45	40	0	0	0	0	8,360
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	371,560	9,400	8,955	5,420	3,450	90	195	255	362,155
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	76,800	2,575	2,465	1,515	930	20	60	50	74,230
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate, no postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	67,785	2,295	2,200	1,355	820	20	45	50	65,490
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate, with postsecondary certificate or diploma^{Census data footnote 46}	9,015	275	265	155	110	0	10	0	8,740
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate	294,755	6,825	6,490	3,910	2,510	65	130	205	287,925
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate, no postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	116,010	3,120	2,975	1,905	1,045	30	45	95	112,885
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate, with postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 47}	178,745	3,710	3,515	2,005	1,470	40	85	115	175,040
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	371,555	9,400	8,955	5,415	3,445	90	190	260	362,155
No certificate, diploma or degree	67,790	2,300	2,200	1,355	820	20	50	50	65,490
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 49}	116,010	3,120	2,975	1,905	1,040	30	50	95	112,890
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	30,335	775	740	480	260	0	20	15	29,555
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 50}	14,110	445	430	265	160	0	15	0	13,665
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 51}	16,225	335	315	215	100	10	0	10	15,890
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	88,010	2,225	2,120	1,155	940	25	55	55	85,785
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	6,255	130	135	90	40	0	0	0	6,125
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	63,150	845	785	435	345	0	20	45	62,305
Bachelor's degree	43,415	610	560	325	235	0	15	40	42,805
University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level^{Census data footnote 52}	19,735	235	225	110	115	0	0	0	19,500
Major field of study
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	371,560	9,405	8,950	5,420	3,445	90	190	255	362,155
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 54}	183,795	5,420	5,175	3,260	1,855	55	95	145	178,380
Education	13,370	285	260	140	115	0	10	15	13,085
13. Education	13,370	280	260	140	115	0	10	15	13,085
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	6,610	140	130	70	60	0	10	0	6,470
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	1,200	25	15	0	15	0	0	0	1,175
50. Visual and performing arts	5,410	120	115	60	45	0	0	0	5,295
Humanities	9,415	135	130	80	50	0	10	0	9,280
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	985	10	10	10	0	0	0	0	970
23. English language and literature/letters	2,190	25	15	15	0	0	10	0	2,170
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	2,315	50	50	30	20	0	0	0	2,270
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 55}	65	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	65
38. Philosophy and religious studies	540	20	15	10	0	0	0	0	525
39. Theology and religious vocations	1,230	10	10	10	0	0	0	0	1,215
54. History	1,540	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,540
55. French language and literature/letters	545	20	20	10	0	0	0	0	525
Social and behavioural sciences and law	20,815	480	465	280	180	0	10	0	20,335
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	230	30	25	20	0	0	0	0	205
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	1,825	15	15	0	10	0	0	0	1,815
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	5,360	180	175	110	65	0	10	0	5,180
22. Legal professions and studies	2,405	45	45	25	25	0	0	0	2,360
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 56}	345	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	340
42. Psychology	3,735	85	80	55	25	0	10	0	3,645
45. Social sciences	6,910	120	115	65	50	0	0	10	6,790
Business, management and public administration	35,295	600	580	320	265	0	10	0	34,695
30.16 Accounting and computer science	75	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	75
44. Public administration and social service professions	3,475	125	120	80	40	0	10	0	3,350
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	31,745	475	460	235	220	0	10	0	31,275
Physical and life sciences and technologies	5,405	70	60	40	25	0	0	10	5,335
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	2,260	20	15	15	0	0	0	10	2,240
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	1,120	25	20	10	15	0	0	0	1,100
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 57}	60	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	55
40. Physical sciences	1,590	15	10	0	15	0	0	10	1,575
41. Science technologies/technicians	380	10	10	10	0	0	0	0	370
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	5,380	80	75	45	25	10	0	10	5,305
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	3,960	65	55	30	20	10	0	10	3,895
25. Library science	495	15	15	10	10	0	0	0	485
27. Mathematics and statistics	880	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	870
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 58}	50	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	50
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	40,105	860	805	460	325	20	30	25	39,250
04. Architecture and related services	915	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	915
14. Engineering	4,765	40	35	0	25	0	0	0	4,730
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	9,565	220	190	95	90	10	25	0	9,350
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	8,205	195	180	115	55	10	0	10	8,010
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	9,635	185	180	110	75	0	0	0	9,460
48. Precision production	7,010	220	210	130	85	0	0	0	6,790
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	3,915	105	95	35	55	0	10	10	3,815
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	2,865	85	75	35	35	0	0	10	2,780
03. Natural resources and conservation	1,055	20	15	0	20	0	0	0	1,035
Health and related fields	31,730	750	710	395	315	0	15	25	30,980
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	3,300	75	70	50	20	0	0	10	3,220
51. Health professions and related programs	27,965	675	645	350	300	0	15	15	27,295
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	470	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	470
Personal, protective and transportation services	15,685	485	470	295	175	0	10	10	15,195
12. Personal and culinary services	8,465	235	225	150	75	0	0	0	8,240
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	60	10	10	0	10	0	0	0	55
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	60	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	60
43. Security and protective services	4,775	165	155	90	70	0	0	0	4,610
49. Transportation and materials moving	2,320	85	85	60	20	0	0	0	2,240
Other	30	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	30
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	30	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	30
Labour force status
Total - Labour force status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% Sample data^{Census data footnote 59}	371,555	9,405	8,955	5,420	3,445	90	190	260	362,155
In the labour force	226,595	5,795	5,505	3,275	2,175	50	120	170	220,800
Employed	209,890	5,145	4,875	2,890	1,940	45	100	165	204,745
Unemployed	16,705	650	625	385	240	0	20	10	16,050
Not in the labour force	144,965	3,610	3,455	2,145	1,265	40	75	85	141,355
Participation rate	61.0	61.6	61.5	60.4	63.1	55.6	63.2	65.4	61.0
Employment rate	56.5	54.7	54.4	53.3	56.3	50.0	52.6	63.5	56.5
Unemployment rate	7.4	11.2	11.4	11.8	11.0	0.0	16.7	5.9	7.3
Class of worker
Total - Class of worker for the labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 60}	226,595	5,795	5,505	3,275	2,180	45	120	175	220,795
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 61}	4,515	185	180	105	75	0	0	0	4,330
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 62}	222,075	5,610	5,320	3,170	2,105	50	115	175	216,465
Employee	198,085	5,205	4,930	2,910	1,980	45	105	165	192,880
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 63}	23,990	410	390	260	125	0	15	0	23,580
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Work activity during the reference year for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 64}	371,555	9,400	8,950	5,415	3,445	90	195	255	362,155
Did not work^{Census data footnote 65}	135,495	3,425	3,270	2,070	1,165	35	75	75	132,075
Worked	236,060	5,980	5,680	3,345	2,280	50	110	185	230,080
Worked full time^{Census data footnote 66}	171,785	4,115	3,925	2,330	1,555	35	80	115	167,660
1 to 13 weeks	6,295	245	235	150	70	10	0	10	6,050
14 to 26 weeks	10,500	390	365	215	145	10	0	15	10,115
27 to 39 weeks	10,265	315	315	225	90	0	0	0	9,950
40 to 48 weeks	26,365	660	640	350	275	15	15	10	25,705
49 to 52 weeks	118,360	2,505	2,375	1,395	980	0	55	80	115,850
Worked part time^{Census data footnote 67}	64,280	1,860	1,760	1,015	730	20	35	65	62,415
1 to 13 weeks	11,830	385	360	200	150	15	15	10	11,445
14 to 26 weeks	12,130	355	340	220	120	10	0	10	11,770
27 to 39 weeks	7,330	205	200	110	80	0	0	0	7,120
40 to 48 weeks	10,150	290	285	165	120	0	0	10	9,855
49 to 52 weeks	22,845	620	575	320	260	0	15	30	22,225
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.7	40.1	40.1	39.7	41.0	24.2	42.4	40.5	42.8
Occupation
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - for the labour force population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	226,595	5,790	5,500	3,275	2,180	50	115	175	220,800
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 69}	4,515	180	180	105	80	0	0	0	4,330
All occupations^{Census data footnote 70}	222,080	5,610	5,320	3,175	2,100	50	120	175	216,465
0 Management occupations	23,885	420	410	205	190	10	10	0	23,460
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	29,215	660	635	385	250	0	10	10	28,560
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	10,115	185	180	100	75	0	0	10	9,930
3 Health occupations	15,885	305	270	140	135	0	10	20	15,580
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	23,590	595	570	330	230	10	15	15	22,995
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	5,490	155	135	90	45	0	0	20	5,335
6 Sales and service occupations	64,735	1,975	1,870	1,185	665	20	45	60	62,755
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	33,180	935	900	515	375	10	15	25	32,245
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	5,785	135	130	90	40	0	0	0	5,655
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	10,195	245	225	125	100	0	10	15	9,945
Industry
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the labour Force population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 71}	226,590	5,790	5,500	3,275	2,180	45	120	170	220,800
Industry - NAICS 2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 72}	4,515	180	185	105	75	0	0	0	4,335
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 73}	222,075	5,610	5,320	3,170	2,100	45	120	175	216,465
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	5,790	80	85	40	40	0	0	0	5,705
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	515	30	30	20	0	0	0	0	490
22 Utilities	1,370	30	25	10	15	0	0	0	1,340
23 Construction	16,065	460	450	245	195	10	0	10	15,610
31-33 Manufacturing	21,095	455	445	240	205	0	10	0	20,640
41 Wholesale trade	7,805	150	145	85	60	0	10	0	7,650
44-45 Retail trade	27,325	680	635	365	260	10	10	40	26,645
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	9,440	245	235	165	70	0	0	10	9,195
51 Information and cultural industries	2,850	55	55	30	20	10	0	0	2,795
52 Finance and insurance	6,720	120	105	40	65	0	0	10	6,600
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	3,430	60	65	45	15	0	0	0	3,365
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	10,505	145	145	105	40	0	0	0	10,360
55 Management of companies and enterprises	175	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	180
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	11,895	430	410	270	140	0	15	10	11,465
61 Educational services	16,455	385	380	195	170	10	0	10	16,070
62 Health care and social assistance	25,920	640	595	330	265	0	20	25	25,280
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	9,100	275	250	165	90	0	10	15	8,820
72 Accommodation and food services	24,910	825	775	485	280	15	30	20	24,085
81 Other services (except public administration)	10,030	260	250	190	65	0	0	10	9,765
91 Public administration	10,680	270	260	150	105	0	0	15	10,415
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 74}	209,890	5,145	4,875	2,890	1,935	50	100	165	204,750
Worked at home	13,955	240	225	125	100	0	10	10	13,715
Worked outside Canada	1,650	40	35	20	10	0	0	0	1,615
No fixed workplace address	22,945	665	640	390	240	0	15	10	22,280
Worked at usual place	171,345	4,205	3,980	2,350	1,585	40	80	140	167,140
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	171,345	4,205	3,985	2,355	1,585	45	80	140	167,140
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	80,095	2,190	2,075	1,250	795	30	40	80	77,910
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	64,385	1,545	1,465	855	600	10	40	40	62,840
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	26,420	455	435	240	195	10	10	10	25,965
Commute to a different province or territory	435	15	10	10	0	0	0	10	420
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 75}	194,290	4,865	4,625	2,740	1,825	50	95	155	189,420
Car, truck, van - as a driver	163,745	3,670	3,485	1,980	1,470	35	70	115	160,075
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	13,250	515	495	340	145	10	10	10	12,735
Public transit	5,005	195	185	130	45	0	0	10	4,810
Walked	8,570	360	350	220	135	0	0	10	8,210
Bicycle	1,655	70	60	40	25	0	0	10	1,585
Other method	2,070	55	50	40	10	0	10	0	2,010
Language used at work
Total - Language used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 76}	243,310	6,160	5,840	3,445	2,350	60	120	190	237,160
Official languages	242,710	6,155	5,845	3,440	2,345	55	125	195	236,555
English	242,155	6,135	5,820	3,430	2,335	55	125	190	236,025
French	6,050	385	360	100	265	0	10	10	5,665
Non-official languages	5,360	25	25	25	0	0	0	0	5,335
Aboriginal languages	20	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	10
Algonquian languages	0	10	10	10	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	10
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	15	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	10
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	5,340	20	15	10	0	0	0	0	5,320
Income statistics in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 77}	371,555	9,405	8,955	5,420	3,450	90	195	255	362,155
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	359,420	8,875	8,455	5,105	3,290	65	175	245	350,545
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,618	24,197	24,071	22,211	26,287	19,326	25,454	27,482	31,852
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,858	33,122	32,903	31,693	34,995	22,157	34,139	39,924	42,080
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	359,550	8,880	8,455	5,105	3,290	65	175	250	350,670
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,052	22,877	22,810	21,647	24,965	19,326	22,766	24,484	29,222
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,535	29,093	28,963	27,972	30,666	20,638	29,669	33,107	35,698
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	320,335	7,095	6,750	3,910	2,785	60	140	210	313,240
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,403	22,696	22,460	22,598	22,441	18,783	23,268	33,691	28,552
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,739	32,687	32,379	32,097	33,062	18,407	33,002	42,568	39,898
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	272,600	7,100	6,775	4,140	2,570	65	145	185	265,495
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,216	6,759	6,829	6,789	7,042	2,547	7,847	4,491	7,231
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,493	8,738	8,818	8,773	8,961	6,056	9,142	5,531	8,487
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	255,855	6,295	5,985	3,510	2,425	50	110	190	249,565
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,590	21,831	21,792	21,015	22,508	20,930	22,791	32,388	28,806
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,915	30,890	30,562	30,348	31,115	18,512	33,521	39,499	39,117
Employment income statistics
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 78}	371,555	9,405	8,955	5,420	3,445	90	190	260	362,155
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	115,535	2,455	2,320	1,360	960	0	60	75	113,080
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 80}	49,770	42,601	41,968	40,432	45,178	0	35,766	59,298	49,929
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 81}	58,824	49,805	49,324	48,894	50,011	0	47,390	66,701	59,020
Composition of total income in 2015
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 82}	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 83}	84.6	78.9	78.6	77.6	80.1	70.3	77.3	91.4	84.7
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 84}	66.2	66.1	65.8	65.9	65.6	64.3	64.5	76.7	66.2
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 85}	15.4	21.1	21.4	22.5	20.0	27.3	22.2	10.7	15.3
Total income groups in 2015
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 86}	371,560	9,405	8,955	5,415	3,450	90	195	260	362,155
Without total income	12,135	530	495	320	155	25	20	10	11,610
With total income	359,425	8,875	8,455	5,100	3,285	70	170	245	350,545
Percentage with total income	96.7	94.4	94.4	94.2	95.2	77.8	87.2	94.2	96.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	48,545	1,610	1,560	1,040	505	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	25	46,935
$10,000 to $19,999	66,605	2,130	2,040	1,300	720	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	65	64,475
$20,000 to $29,999	56,695	1,480	1,410	805	590	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	35	55,225
$30,000 to $39,999	45,740	1,090	1,040	635	395	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	25	44,650
$40,000 to $49,999	37,510	825	790	405	385	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	20	36,680
$50,000 to $59,999	28,500	570	525	275	245	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	30	27,935
$60,000 to $69,999	19,920	290	280	145	140	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	0	19,630
$70,000 to $79,999	13,795	245	230	155	80	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	10	13,550
$80,000 to $89,999	10,835	210	195	115	80	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	10	10,620
$90,000 to $99,999	9,520	115	115	45	70	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	0	9,400
$100,000 and over	21,745	300	275	190	85	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	20	21,450
$100,000 to $149,999	15,765	210	190	130	65	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	10	15,555
$150,000 and over	5,980	90	80	60	25	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	10	5,895
After-tax income groups in 2015
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	371,560	9,405	8,955	5,415	3,450	90	195	255	362,155
Without after-tax income	12,010	520	500	315	160	25	20	10	11,485
With after-tax income	359,550	8,880	8,455	5,105	3,290	65	170	250	350,670
Percentage with after-tax income	96.8	94.4	94.4	94.3	95.4	72.2	87.2	98.0	96.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	50,545	1,625	1,570	1,045	510	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	35	48,920
$10,000 to $19,999	69,420	2,275	2,170	1,365	790	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	60	67,140
$20,000 to $29,999	65,240	1,580	1,510	870	625	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	45	63,655
$30,000 to $39,999	52,895	1,240	1,190	710	470	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	25	51,650
$40,000 to $49,999	41,655	915	855	420	430	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	35	40,745
$50,000 to $59,999	26,625	435	410	230	180	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	25	26,190
$60,000 to $69,999	17,405	290	270	185	85	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	15	17,115
$70,000 to $79,999	13,565	210	210	95	115	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	0	13,355
$80,000 and over	22,200	300	275	185	90	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	20	21,900
$80,000 to $89,999	8,290	115	110	75	35	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	10	8,170
$90,000 to $99,999	4,495	40	40	25	20	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	0	4,445
$100,000 and over	9,415	135	125	90	30	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	10	9,280
Employment income groups in 2015
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 88}	371,560	9,400	8,955	5,420	3,445	90	190	255	362,150
Without employment income	115,705	3,110	2,970	1,910	1,020	40	75	65	112,590
With employment income	255,855	6,295	5,985	3,510	2,425	50	115	190	249,565
Percentage with employment income	68.9	67.0	66.8	64.8	70.4	55.6	60.5	74.5	68.9
Under $5,000 (including loss)	42,425	1,105	1,060	650	400	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	41,325
$5,000 to $9,999	22,315	620	595	340	250	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	21,695
$10,000 to $19,999	36,900	1,205	1,155	730	415	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	35,700
$20,000 to $29,999	30,410	880	830	495	320	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	29,530
$30,000 to $39,999	26,645	650	620	330	285	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	26,000
$40,000 to $49,999	23,165	580	550	295	255	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	22,585
$50,000 to $59,999	18,400	395	375	180	190	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	18,005
$60,000 to $69,999	13,040	190	180	115	65	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	12,855
$70,000 to $79,999	9,745	175	170	105	65	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	9,565
$80,000 and over	32,805	495	455	275	180	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	32,310
$80,000 to $89,999	8,115	165	160	85	75	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	7,950
$90,000 to $99,999	8,385	105	100	45	55	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	8,280
$100,000 and over	16,305	225	200	140	60	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	16,085
Income statistics in 2015 for economic families
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 89}	127,975	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	81,646	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	98,007	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Median after-tax total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	72,236	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	82,993	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	52,390	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	74,016	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	89,493	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	65,868	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	75,270	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	50,980	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	107,861	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	122,945	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	93,642	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	103,430	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	21,240	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	50,571	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	60,051	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,453	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,472	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Income statistics in 2015 for persons
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 90}	66,075	1,780	1,695	1,115	570	0	30	50	64,295
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 91}	29,037	20,104	19,709	18,576	23,189	0	0	42,984	29,335
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 92}	37,870	30,499	30,147	27,841	34,842	0	21,808	47,316	38,074
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 93}	26,925	19,726	19,198	18,326	22,174	0	0	36,584	27,140
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 94}	32,623	26,773	26,499	24,711	30,149	0	20,993	39,252	32,785
Economic family income decile group
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	438,160	12,250	11,645	7,200	4,335	100	270	335	425,910
In the bottom half of the distribution	229,670	8,295	7,910	5,000	2,850	60	220	170	221,375
In the bottom decile	42,450	2,020	1,960	1,330	610	15	30	25	40,430
In the second decile	44,965	2,020	1,950	1,280	675	0	30	35	42,945
In the third decile	48,215	1,580	1,505	895	595	10	60	20	46,635
In the fourth decile	46,840	1,325	1,280	805	450	20	10	40	45,515
In the fifth decile	47,200	1,350	1,215	680	515	10	85	50	45,845
In the top half of the distribution	208,485	3,955	3,730	2,200	1,485	40	55	170	204,535
In the sixth decile	46,980	1,105	1,055	580	465	10	10	40	45,880
In the seventh decile	44,100	860	790	495	270	20	20	50	43,240
In the eighth decile	42,690	885	845	515	320	15	10	25	41,800
In the ninth decile	42,570	670	635	360	280	0	0	30	41,900
In the top decile	32,140	430	400	245	155	0	15	15	31,710
Low-income status in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 96}	438,160	12,250	11,645	7,205	4,340	100	270	335	425,910
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	63,405	3,115	3,030	2,050	965	15	35	40	60,295
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.5	25.4	26.0	28.5	22.2	15.0	13.0	11.9	14.2
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	32,020	1,455	1,415	1,010	400	10	30	10	30,570
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	7.3	11.9	12.2	14.0	9.2	10.0	11.1	3.0	7.2

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

F

too unreliable to be published

Note(s):

Footnote 1

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 2

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 3

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 4

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 5

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 6

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit), but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 7

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

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Footnote 8

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family; Stepfamily status of couple family with children; and Relationship structure of stepfamily.

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Footnote 9

One or more grandparents of the child may also be present in the household.

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Footnote 10

In an intact family, all children are the biological or adopted children of both persons in the couple. This category also includes children living in census families for whom it cannot be determined whether it is an intact family or a stepfamily.

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Footnote 11

In a complex stepfamily, some or all of the children are step-siblings or half-siblings.

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Footnote 12

In a simple stepfamily, none of the children are step-siblings or half-siblings.

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Footnote 13

In a complex stepfamily, some or all of the children are step-siblings or half-siblings.

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Footnote 14

One or more grandparents of the child may also be present in the household.

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Footnote 15

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 16

Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 17

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 18

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 19

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 20

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Footnote 21

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 22

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 23

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 24

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 25

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 26

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ancestries in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ancestry in the census. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 27

In the Census of Population, some respondents may choose to provide very specific Aboriginal ancestries, while other respondents may choose to give more general responses. This means that two respondents with the same ancestry could have different response patterns and thus could be counted as having different Aboriginal ancestries. For example, one respondent may report 'First Nations' ethnic origin while another respondent, with a similar ancestral background, may report 'Ojibway' or 'Anishinaabe' ancestry; one respondent may report 'North American Indian' while another, similar respondent, may report 'Coast Salish' or 'Cowichan.' As a result, Aboriginal ancestry data are fluid, and counts for specific origins may seem different than initially expected. Users who wish to obtain broader response counts may wish to combine data for one or more ancestries together.

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Footnote 28

Includes general responses indicating Anishinaabe ancestry (e.g., 'Anishinaabe') as well as more specific responses indicating Anishinaabe ancestry (e.g., 'Nipissing').

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Footnote 29

Includes general responses indicating Blackfoot ancestry (e.g., 'Blackfoot') as well as more specific responses indicating Blackfoot ancestry (e.g., 'Siksika,' 'Piikani').

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Footnote 30

Includes general responses indicating Dene ancestry (e.g., 'Dene').

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Footnote 31

Includes general responses indicating Iroquois ancestry (e.g., 'Iroquois,' 'Haudenosaunee') as well as more specific responses indicating Iroquois origins (e.g., 'Seneca,' 'Onondaga,' 'Tuscarora').

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Footnote 32

Includes general responses indicating Salish ancestry (e.g., 'Salish') as well as more specific responses indicating Salish ancestry (e.g., 'Coast Salish,' 'Interior Salish,' 'K'omoks,' 'Saanich').

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Footnote 33

Includes general responses indicating Sioux ancestry (e.g., 'Sioux').

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Footnote 34

Includes general responses indicating Tutchone ancestry (e.g., 'Tutchone') as well as more specific responses indicating Tutchone ancestry (e.g., 'Northern Tutchone,' 'Southern Tutchone').

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Footnote 35

Includes general responses indicating First Nations ancestry (e.g., 'First Nations,' 'North American Indian') as well as more specific responses indicating First Nations ancestry that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Passamaquoddy,' 'Crow,' 'Cheyenne,' 'Athabascan').

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Footnote 36

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 37

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

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Footnote 38

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

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Footnote 39

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Footnote 40

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 41

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 41 referrer

Footnote 42

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 42 referrer

Footnote 43

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 44

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 45

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate,' available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 46

Here, 'postsecondary certificate or diploma' includes the categories 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma' and 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma.'

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Footnote 47

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 48

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree,' available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 49

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 50

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 51

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 52

'University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level' includes the categories 'University certificate or diploma above bachelor level,' 'Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry,' 'Master's degree' and 'Earned doctorate.'

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Footnote 53

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 54

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 55

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 56

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 57

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 58

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 59

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called 'labour force activity.'

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Footnote 60

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 61

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 62

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 63

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 64

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 65

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015, persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 66

Full time is 30 hours or more per week.

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Footnote 67

Part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 68

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 69

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 70

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday May 7, 2016 were employed, and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 71

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 72

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 73

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 74

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 75

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 76

The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 77

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

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Footnote 78

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 79

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

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Footnote 81

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

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Footnote 82

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 83

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 84

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 85

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 86

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 86 referrer

Footnote 87

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 87 referrer

Footnote 88

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 89

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 89 referrer

Footnote 90

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 91

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 92

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 93

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 94

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 95

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 96

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Return to footnote 96 referrer

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2018. Niagara, RM [Census division], Ontario (table). Aboriginal Population Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-510-X2016001. Ottawa. Released July 18, 2018.
http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/abpopprof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed April 19, 2024).

Date modified:: 2019-06-19

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Aboriginal Population Profile, 2016 Census
Niagara, Regional municipality [Census division], Ontario

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Aboriginal Population Profile, 2016 Census
Niagara, Regional municipality [Census division], Ontario