Low-income statistics by age groups, Income Highlight Tables, 2016 Census

Population in private households for income status, number of persons in low income, prevalence of low income based on the low-income concept - Low-income measure, after-tax (LIM-AT), by age groups (total - age groups), Canada and census divisions, 2016 Census – 100% Data, 2006 Census – 20% Sample data

Data table

Population in private households for income status, number of persons in low income, prevalence of low income based on the low-income concept - Low-income measure, after-tax (LIM-AT), by age groups (total - age groups), Canada and census divisions, 2016 Census – 100% Data, 2006 Census – 20% Sample data
Geographic name^{Footnote 2}	Type	Prov.	Population in private households for income status^{Footnote 3}		Number of persons in low income		Prevalence of low income (%)
Geographic name^{Footnote 2}	Type	Prov.	2006	2016	2005	2015	2005	2015	Difference

Canada			30,638,315	33,968,295	4,301,420	4,809,940	14.0	14.2	0.2
Abitibi	MRC	Que.	23,310	23,475	3,345	2,780	14.4	11.8	-2.6
Abitibi-Ouest	MRC	Que.	20,430	20,030	3,590	3,050	17.6	15.2	-2.4
Acton	MRC	Que.	14,985	15,205	2,335	2,520	15.6	16.6	1.0
Alberni-Clayoquot	RD	B.C.	28,120	28,275	5,055	5,555	18.0	19.6	1.6
Albert	CT	N.B.	27,250	28,885	3,410	3,535	12.5	12.2	-0.3
Algoma	DIS	Ont.	112,285	108,830	16,190	17,635	14.4	16.2	1.8
Annapolis	CTY	N.S.	21,005	20,170	5,110	5,110	24.3	25.3	1.0
Antigonish	CTY	N.S.	18,240	18,665	2,480	2,625	13.6	14.1	0.5
Antoine-Labelle	MRC	Que.	34,260	33,930	6,830	7,180	19.9	21.2	1.3
Argenteuil	MRC	Que.	29,300	31,720	5,555	6,325	19.0	19.9	0.9
Arthabaska	MRC	Que.	64,225	69,520	9,915	10,370	15.4	14.9	-0.5
Avignon	MRC	Que.	12,795	12,160	2,225	2,085	17.4	17.1	-0.3
Beauce-Sartigan	MRC	Que.	48,610	50,895	6,175	6,480	12.7	12.7	0.0
Beauharnois-Salaberry	MRC	Que.	59,160	62,230	9,110	9,795	15.4	15.7	0.3
Bécancour	MRC	Que.	18,155	19,635	2,820	2,900	15.5	14.8	-0.7
Bellechasse	MRC	Que.	32,495	36,045	4,320	3,800	13.3	10.5	-2.8
Bonaventure	MRC	Que.	17,650	17,195	2,805	2,810	15.9	16.3	0.4
Brant	CDR	Ont.	122,565	131,635	14,285	17,515	11.7	13.3	1.6
Brome-Missisquoi	MRC	Que.	51,130	56,615	7,110	8,385	13.9	14.8	0.9
Bruce	CTY	Ont.	62,815	65,065	7,845	8,655	12.5	13.3	0.8
Bulkley-Nechako	RD	B.C.	34,860	34,620	4,645	4,470	13.3	12.9	-0.4
Cape Breton	CTY	N.S.	100,700	92,550	21,405	18,245	21.3	19.7	-1.6
Capital	RD	B.C.	331,715	367,660	40,860	48,985	12.3	13.3	1.0
Cariboo	RD	B.C.	58,275	58,345	9,550	9,790	16.4	16.8	0.4
Carleton	CT	N.B.	25,960	25,435	4,175	4,855	16.1	19.1	3.0

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Note(s):

Footnote 1

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income, multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

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Footnote 2

Low-income concepts do not apply to certain geographic areas, i.e., geographic areas within territories and/or census subdivision types associated with 'on reserve' population.

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Footnote 3

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

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