Census Profile, 2016 Census
Toronto, City [Census subdivision], Ontario and Canada [Country]

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Toronto, C Ontario [Census subdivision]			Canada [Country]
	Data quality , Toronto, City [Census subdivision], Ontario  Map : Toronto, City [Census subdivision], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Canada [Country]  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	2,731,571	...	...	35,151,728	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	2,615,060	...	...	33,476,688	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	4.5	...	...	5.0	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	1,179,057	...	...	15,412,443	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	1,112,929	...	...	14,072,079	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	4,334.4	...	...	3.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	630.20	...	...	8,965,588.85	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	2,731,575	1,313,590	1,417,985	35,151,730	17,264,200	17,887,530
0 to 14 years	398,135	204,190	193,945	5,839,565	2,992,920	2,846,645
0 to 4 years	136,000	69,895	66,105	1,898,790	973,030	925,760
5 to 9 years	135,025	69,345	65,680	2,018,130	1,034,685	983,445
10 to 14 years	127,105	64,940	62,165	1,922,645	985,200	937,445
15 to 64 years	1,906,495	925,070	981,420	23,376,530	11,576,130	11,800,400
15 to 19 years	145,525	74,240	71,280	2,026,160	1,039,215	986,940
20 to 24 years	194,750	97,415	97,330	2,242,690	1,144,495	1,098,200
25 to 29 years	232,945	113,905	119,035	2,285,990	1,144,470	1,141,515
30 to 34 years	224,580	108,895	115,680	2,329,395	1,148,290	1,181,110
35 to 39 years	196,310	94,065	102,240	2,288,365	1,118,635	1,169,730
40 to 44 years	182,390	86,535	95,860	2,255,135	1,104,440	1,150,695
45 to 49 years	190,925	90,860	100,065	2,359,965	1,157,760	1,202,210
50 to 54 years	202,405	98,735	103,670	2,678,075	1,318,755	1,359,320
55 to 59 years	182,805	88,145	94,655	2,620,240	1,285,190	1,335,055
60 to 64 years	153,865	72,265	81,600	2,290,510	1,114,885	1,175,630
65 years and over	426,945	184,325	242,615	5,935,630	2,695,150	3,240,485
65 to 69 years	130,540	60,360	70,185	1,972,480	953,075	1,019,405
70 to 74 years	93,600	42,315	51,285	1,420,875	677,975	742,900
75 to 79 years	76,160	32,730	43,430	1,021,850	469,550	552,300
80 to 84 years	60,630	25,670	34,965	749,650	325,765	423,880
85 years and over	66,005	23,245	42,750	770,780	268,790	501,990
85 to 89 years	40,800	15,665	25,135	482,525	185,535	296,990
90 to 94 years	19,680	6,180	13,500	223,510	68,675	154,835
95 to 99 years	4,750	1,275	3,470	56,525	13,240	43,280
100 years and over	770	120	650	8,230	1,340	6,890
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.6	15.5	13.7	16.6	17.3	15.9
15 to 64 years	69.8	70.4	69.2	66.5	67.1	66.0
65 years and over	15.6	14.0	17.1	16.9	15.6	18.1
85 years and over	2.4	1.8	3.0	2.2	1.6	2.8
Average age of the population	40.6	39.4	41.7	41.0	40.1	41.9
Median age of the population	39.3	38.0	40.5	41.2	40.2	42.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	1,112,930	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
Single-detached house	269,675	...	...	7,541,495	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	493,280	...	...	1,391,040	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	349,885	...	...	4,949,795	...	...
Semi-detached house	71,230	...	...	698,800	...	...
Row house	61,630	...	...	891,305	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	48,540	...	...	784,300	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	165,625	...	...	2,539,390	...	...
Other single-attached house	2,860	...	...	36,005	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	95	...	...	189,755	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	1,112,930	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
1 person	359,955	...	...	3,969,790	...	...
2 persons	333,425	...	...	4,834,605	...	...
3 persons	175,720	...	...	2,140,640	...	...
4 persons	146,580	...	...	1,946,275	...	...
5 or more persons	97,245	...	...	1,180,770	...	...
Number of persons in private households	2,691,665	...	...	34,460,060	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	2,333,435	1,109,400	1,224,035	29,312,160	14,271,280	15,040,885
Married or living common law	1,181,360	592,560	588,805	16,893,720	8,452,135	8,441,585
Married	1,011,190	505,025	506,165	13,383,455	6,693,465	6,689,990
Living common law	170,175	87,535	82,640	3,510,265	1,758,670	1,751,590
Not married and not living common law	1,152,075	516,840	635,240	12,418,440	5,819,140	6,599,300
Never married	806,265	410,975	395,295	8,254,340	4,444,425	3,809,915
Separated	68,715	27,570	41,145	718,295	309,905	408,400
Divorced	152,000	55,490	96,515	1,816,005	725,535	1,090,470
Widowed	125,095	22,810	102,285	1,629,800	339,280	1,290,525
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	718,750	...	...	9,840,730	...	...
2 persons	344,110	...	...	5,007,790	...	...
3 persons	174,600	...	...	2,107,830	...	...
4 persons	143,250	...	...	1,909,935	...	...
5 or more persons	56,795	...	...	815,170	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	718,755	...	...	9,840,730	...	...
Total couple families	566,155	...	...	8,227,925	...	...
Married couples	481,125	...	...	6,474,005	...	...
Common-law couples	85,030	...	...	1,753,920	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	152,595	...	...	1,612,805	...	...
Female parent	128,550	...	...	1,262,340	...	...
Male parent	24,050	...	...	350,465	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	566,155	...	...	8,227,925	...	...
Couples without children	250,085	...	...	4,024,305	...	...
Couples with children	316,075	...	...	4,203,615	...	...
1 child	133,440	...	...	1,650,165	...	...
2 children	130,765	...	...	1,783,080	...	...
3 or more children	51,865	...	...	770,375	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	152,600	...	...	1,612,805	...	...
1 child	94,025	...	...	983,485	...	...
2 children	41,160	...	...	457,670	...	...
3 or more children	17,415	...	...	171,655	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	602,855	277,825	325,035	6,107,260	2,941,395	3,165,865
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	1,112,930	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
One-census-family households	653,360	...	...	9,218,225	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	226,080	...	...	3,782,095	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	427,280	...	...	5,436,135	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	31,600	...	...	301,715	...	...
Non-census-family households	427,970	...	...	4,552,135	...	...
One-person households	359,960	...	...	3,969,790	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	68,015	...	...	582,350	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	2,704,415	1,301,905	1,402,510	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,080
English only	2,323,235	1,139,585	1,183,655	23,757,525	11,838,075	11,919,455
French only	2,725	1,140	1,585	4,144,685	1,925,845	2,218,840
English and French	245,695	107,985	137,705	6,216,065	3,071,325	3,144,740
Neither English nor French	132,765	53,195	79,570	648,970	265,920	383,045
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	2,704,415	1,301,905	1,402,515	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085
English	2,508,815	1,219,600	1,289,220	26,007,500	12,852,330	13,155,165
French	39,795	18,805	20,995	7,705,755	3,780,105	3,925,650
English and French	24,865	11,205	13,660	417,485	209,130	208,355
Neither English nor French	130,940	52,295	78,640	636,515	259,600	376,910
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	52,230	24,405	27,820	7,914,495	3,884,670	4,029,825
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	1.9	1.9	2.0	22.8	22.7	22.8
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	2,704,420	1,301,905	1,402,515	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,085
Single responses	2,598,230	1,251,220	1,347,010	33,948,620	16,702,840	17,245,775
Official languages	1,411,345	697,965	713,380	26,627,555	13,201,620	13,425,940
English	1,375,900	681,120	694,780	19,460,850	9,680,125	9,780,725
French	35,440	16,845	18,595	7,166,705	3,521,495	3,645,215
Non-official languages	1,186,885	553,255	633,635	7,321,065	3,501,220	3,819,840
Aboriginal languages	425	185	235	195,700	94,795	100,900
Algonquian languages	315	140	175	130,450	62,930	67,520
Blackfoot	0	5	0	2,815	1,325	1,490
Cree-Montagnais languages	90	35	55	88,445	42,920	45,530
Atikamekw	0	0	0	6,150	3,135	3,015
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	0	10,230	4,885	5,350
Moose Cree	10	5	5	100	50	55
Naskapi	0	0	0	1,205	590	620
Northern East Cree	5	5	0	315	125	190
Plains Cree	10	0	5	3,065	1,360	1,710
Southern East Cree	5	0	0	45	20	25
Swampy Cree	20	5	15	1,440	585	850
Woods Cree	5	5	0	1,840	865	975
Cree, n.o.s.	45	15	30	64,050	31,305	32,745
Eastern Algonquian languages	20	10	10	6,990	3,310	3,680
Malecite	0	0	0	305	140	160
Mi'kmaq	20	10	10	6,690	3,170	3,520
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	195	95	105	32,150	15,350	16,800
Algonquin	5	0	0	1,260	590	670
Ojibway	175	85	90	17,890	8,440	9,450
Oji-Cree	5	5	5	12,855	6,260	6,595
Ottawa (Odawa)	10	5	5	150	65	85
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	45	25	20
Athabaskan languages	15	10	5	17,365	8,325	9,045
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	10	5	17,315	8,310	9,010
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	110	55	60
Beaver	0	0	0	190	85	105
Carrier	0	0	0	1,025	465	565
Chilcotin	5	0	5	660	295	360
Dene	5	5	5	10,700	5,185	5,515
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	1,645	840	815
Gwich'in	0	0	0	260	110	145
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	5	0	80	25	50
Sekani	0	0	0	90	45	45
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	1,995	950	1,045
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	765	365	400
South Slavey	0	0	0	945	455	495
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	280	130	150
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	270	135	140
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	180	90	90
Tahltan	0	0	0	95	40	50
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	290	120	170
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	215	90	135
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	70	30	40
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	50	20	35
Haida	0	0	0	75	35	40
Inuit languages	20	0	20	36,545	18,100	18,445
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	1,025	445	575
Inuktitut	15	0	20	35,215	17,530	17,680
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	315	125	185
Iroquoian languages	10	0	10	1,115	485	635
Cayuga	0	0	0	45	20	20
Mohawk	5	5	5	980	430	555
Oneida	0	0	0	55	20	40
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	35	15	20
Kutenai	0	0	0	105	55	55
Michif	5	0	5	465	230	235
Salish languages	0	0	0	2,305	1,130	1,180
Comox	0	0	0	80	45	40
Halkomelem	0	0	0	475	225	245
Lillooet	0	0	0	315	155	155
Okanagan	0	0	0	270	135	135
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	445	225	220
Squamish	0	0	0	40	20	20
Straits	0	0	0	80	40	40
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	335	150	185
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	255	135	125
Siouan languages	5	0	0	4,285	2,070	2,220
Dakota	0	5	0	1,215	570	635
Stoney	0	0	0	3,025	1,465	1,555
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	55	30	25
Tlingit	0	0	0	95	40	55
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	1,480	730	755
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	880	435	445
Nisga'a	0	5	0	400	200	200
Tsimshian	0	0	0	200	90	110
Wakashan languages	5	0	0	805	370	435
Haisla	0	0	0	90	40	50
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	95	40	55
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	325	145	185
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	285	135	140
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	55	30	25	585	295	295
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,186,465	553,070	633,395	7,125,365	3,406,425	3,718,945
Afro-Asiatic languages	65,540	32,330	33,205	575,365	298,060	277,300
Berber languages	135	80	55	22,135	11,865	10,270
Kabyle	60	30	25	13,150	6,995	6,155
Berber languages, n.i.e.	75	45	30	8,985	4,865	4,115
Cushitic languages	12,355	5,300	7,050	42,885	20,095	22,790
Bilen	75	45	30	805	455	350
Oromo	860	420	435	4,960	2,560	2,400
Somali	11,375	4,810	6,565	36,755	16,895	19,865
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	50	30	20	365	195	170
Semitic languages	52,845	26,840	26,010	509,190	265,465	243,725
Amharic	6,425	2,880	3,550	22,465	10,720	11,745
Arabic	29,825	15,745	14,075	419,890	220,785	199,105
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	4,840	2,360	2,480	16,070	7,910	8,160
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	700	360	335	5,545	2,780	2,770
Harari	755	350	405	1,320	635	685
Hebrew	4,350	2,345	2,005	19,530	10,480	9,045
Maltese	1,430	715	710	5,565	2,765	2,800
Tigrigna	4,150	1,890	2,260	16,650	8,310	8,340
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	380	190	190	2,155	1,085	1,070
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	200	115	90	1,155	635	520
Austro-Asiatic languages	26,165	11,860	14,305	176,725	81,810	94,920
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,365	595	770	20,130	9,270	10,860
Vietnamese	24,775	11,255	13,520	156,425	72,470	83,955
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	20	10	15	170	65	100
Austronesian languages	99,750	39,030	60,725	511,480	211,580	299,900
Bikol	320	135	185	1,790	790	1,000
Cebuano	3,390	1,335	2,055	19,890	7,930	11,960
Fijian	25	15	10	745	400	345
Hiligaynon	1,695	665	1,040	6,885	2,680	4,205
Ilocano	7,135	2,765	4,375	26,345	10,620	15,720
Malagasy	20	10	10	1,430	665	760
Malay	1,930	880	1,050	12,275	5,255	7,020
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	720	310	410	4,040	1,865	2,175
Pangasinan	320	125	200	1,390	590	800
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	83,230	32,445	50,785	431,380	178,575	252,810
Waray-Waray	210	60	150	1,110	430	675
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	755	290	465	4,195	1,770	2,425
Creole languages	3,015	1,350	1,660	72,125	32,310	39,820
Haitian Creole	165	75	85	3,030	1,445	1,590
Creole, n.o.s.	1,825	815	1,010	64,105	28,455	35,660
Creole languages, n.i.e.	1,020	460	560	4,985	2,410	2,575
Dravidian languages	67,055	33,175	33,880	189,405	94,765	94,640
Kannada	730	380	350	3,970	2,040	1,935
Malayalam	4,560	2,460	2,100	28,570	14,770	13,800
Tamil	57,535	27,935	29,600	140,720	69,080	71,640
Telugu	4,125	2,355	1,775	15,655	8,640	7,020
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	100	45	55	490	240	250
Hmong-Mien languages	20	5	10	795	395	405
Indo-European languages	589,410	282,355	307,055	3,877,330	1,889,400	1,987,930
Albanian	8,495	4,225	4,270	26,890	13,610	13,285
Armenian	7,845	3,740	4,105	33,455	16,270	17,185
Balto-Slavic languages	120,445	53,650	66,790	701,975	323,640	378,340
Baltic languages	3,490	1,365	2,125	12,530	5,315	7,215
Latvian	1,610	645	965	5,455	2,350	3,105
Lithuanian	1,880	725	1,160	7,075	2,965	4,115
Slavic languages	116,955	52,290	64,665	689,450	318,325	371,115
Belarusan	195	95	100	810	385	430
Bosnian	1,105	525	580	12,210	6,035	6,180
Bulgarian	4,345	2,075	2,270	20,025	9,675	10,345
Croatian	5,570	2,535	3,035	48,200	23,540	24,665
Czech	2,860	1,345	1,515	22,290	10,525	11,765
Macedonian	6,190	2,920	3,270	16,775	8,050	8,725
Polish	25,060	10,845	14,215	181,710	82,435	99,275
Russian	36,145	15,805	20,345	188,255	85,400	102,855
Serbian	13,380	6,450	6,930	57,350	28,535	28,815
Serbo-Croatian	1,470	670	800	9,555	4,565	4,985
Slovak	3,095	1,455	1,645	17,580	8,075	9,510
Slovene (Slovenian)	1,785	750	1,035	9,790	4,415	5,370
Ukrainian	15,465	6,685	8,785	102,485	45,440	57,040
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	280	140	140	2,415	1,255	1,165
Celtic languages	275	125	145	2,690	1,335	1,360
Scottish Gaelic	80	35	40	1,090	540	550
Welsh	85	30	55	1,075	495	575
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	110	60	45	530	295	235
Germanic languages	22,310	10,095	12,215	538,765	258,410	280,350
Afrikaans	405	210	190	10,265	5,115	5,145
Danish	665	285	380	12,630	6,245	6,390
Dutch	3,180	1,535	1,645	99,020	48,200	50,820
Frisian	40	25	15	2,100	1,095	1,005
German	14,515	6,440	8,075	384,035	183,215	200,820
Icelandic	65	35	30	1,285	600	685
Norwegian	230	105	130	4,615	2,170	2,445
Swedish	700	305	395	6,840	3,015	3,825
Vlaams (Flemish)	130	50	80	3,895	1,730	2,165
Yiddish	2,350	1,095	1,255	13,555	6,750	6,800
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	35	15	20	525	280	240
Greek	27,840	13,415	14,425	106,525	53,350	53,170
Indo-Iranian languages	194,760	99,110	95,650	1,312,750	664,120	648,630
Indo-Aryan languages	138,625	70,700	67,930	1,064,760	538,530	526,235
Bengali	28,460	14,365	14,090	73,125	37,410	35,720
Gujarati	26,400	13,520	12,880	108,780	55,105	53,670
Hindi	15,230	7,960	7,270	110,640	55,880	54,765
Kashmiri	80	45	40	565	300	265
Konkani	745	355	390	3,330	1,625	1,710
Marathi	1,760	925	835	8,295	4,300	3,995
Nepali	2,540	1,290	1,245	18,275	9,230	9,045
Oriya (Odia)	300	165	135	1,055	560	495
Punjabi (Panjabi)	19,965	10,380	9,590	501,680	253,515	248,160
Sindhi	2,440	1,080	1,355	11,860	5,605	6,260
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	3,280	1,605	1,675	16,335	8,050	8,285
Urdu	37,420	19,005	18,420	210,815	106,960	103,860
Iranian languages	55,190	27,895	27,295	242,805	122,835	119,970
Kurdish	1,650	930	720	11,705	6,345	5,355
Pashto	4,355	2,285	2,070	16,910	8,760	8,145
Persian (Farsi)	49,185	24,680	24,510	214,200	107,725	106,470
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	945	520	425	5,180	2,755	2,425
Italic (Romance) languages	207,445	97,980	109,465	1,154,270	558,660	595,615
Catalan	125	70	55	865	440	425
Italian	62,640	29,050	33,590	375,635	184,415	191,220
Portuguese	59,355	28,540	30,820	221,540	106,630	114,910
Romanian	12,335	5,630	6,705	96,665	46,195	50,470
Spanish	72,850	34,635	38,215	458,850	220,605	238,245
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	135	60	75	720	380	340
Japanese	7,015	2,405	4,610	43,640	14,790	28,855
Kartvelian languages	870	465	400	1,715	910	805
Georgian	870	465	400	1,715	910	805
Korean	33,665	15,155	18,505	153,425	70,310	83,115
Mongolic languages	290	130	165	1,575	690	885
Mongolian	295	130	160	1,575	690	880
Niger-Congo languages	13,780	6,455	7,325	91,375	45,075	46,305
Akan (Twi)	4,340	1,970	2,375	13,455	6,490	6,970
Bamanankan	45	25	20	1,535	815	720
Edo	670	260	410	1,670	770	900
Ewe	175	90	80	1,760	950	805
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	165	85	75	2,825	1,495	1,335
Ga	200	90	115	920	445	470
Ganda	375	180	200	1,295	625	665
Igbo	740	385	355	4,235	2,265	1,970
Lingala	285	135	150	3,810	1,785	2,025
Rundi (Kirundi)	270	130	135	5,845	2,785	3,060
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	285	135	150	5,250	2,355	2,895
Shona	395	185	205	3,180	1,520	1,665
Swahili	2,230	1,050	1,185	13,370	6,385	6,990
Wolof	115	65	50	3,990	2,170	1,820
Yoruba	1,580	820	760	9,085	4,785	4,300
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	1,905	845	1,055	19,135	9,435	9,695
Nilo-Saharan languages	235	125	105	5,870	3,025	2,845
Dinka	40	20	15	2,120	1,115	1,000
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	200	105	90	3,755	1,910	1,840
Sign languages	565	320	245	7,500	3,925	3,575
American Sign Language	210	120	90	2,685	1,320	1,360
Quebec Sign Language	5	0	5	695	340	355
Sign languages, n.i.e	350	200	150	4,120	2,265	1,860
Sino-Tibetan languages	250,960	114,630	136,330	1,269,215	589,570	679,645
Chinese languages	245,285	111,855	133,430	1,253,360	581,650	671,715
Cantonese	114,670	52,085	62,585	565,270	262,865	302,405
Hakka	2,855	1,225	1,635	10,910	4,900	6,015
Mandarin	111,405	51,120	60,280	592,040	274,630	317,410
Min Dong	450	220	225	1,230	580	650
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	6,120	2,820	3,300	31,795	14,450	17,350
Wu (Shanghainese)	2,665	1,200	1,470	12,915	5,780	7,140
Chinese, n.o.s.	7,015	3,135	3,880	38,580	18,165	20,410
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	100	50	55	610	275	335
Tibeto-Burman languages	5,670	2,775	2,895	15,850	7,925	7,935
Burmese	610	270	335	3,585	1,795	1,790
Karenic languages	255	125	135	4,705	2,355	2,350
Tibetan	4,590	2,275	2,320	6,165	3,080	3,080
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	215	110	105	1,400	695	705
Tai-Kadai languages	1,720	690	1,030	22,010	8,870	13,145
Lao	710	365	340	12,670	6,145	6,525
Thai	1,005	320	685	9,255	2,690	6,565
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	10	0	5	80	35	55
Turkic languages	10,680	5,610	5,065	40,140	21,120	19,025
Azerbaijani	915	490	420	3,260	1,785	1,470
Turkish	8,835	4,670	4,165	32,815	17,375	15,440
Uyghur	240	120	125	1,035	510	525
Uzbek	440	225	210	1,715	855	865
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	250	110	140	1,315	590	720
Uralic languages	15,145	6,655	8,485	81,985	37,790	44,195
Estonian	1,940	770	1,170	5,445	2,325	3,115
Finnish	1,315	500	825	15,295	6,395	8,900
Hungarian	11,885	5,385	6,500	61,235	29,060	32,175
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	585	310	280	3,690	2,045	1,645
Multiple responses	106,190	50,685	55,500	818,635	398,325	420,305
English and French	7,550	3,520	4,030	165,320	80,460	84,860
English and non-official language	92,620	44,395	48,230	533,265	259,160	274,100
French and non-official language	3,300	1,515	1,785	86,150	42,170	43,985
English, French and non-official language	2,715	1,255	1,460	33,900	16,535	17,365
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	2,704,415	1,301,900	1,402,510	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085
Single responses	2,458,470	1,185,800	1,272,670	33,103,860	16,298,475	16,805,395
Official languages	1,756,685	858,655	898,030	29,106,670	14,383,020	14,723,645
English	1,739,625	850,750	888,875	22,162,865	10,966,135	11,196,730
French	17,065	7,910	9,155	6,943,800	3,416,890	3,526,910
Non-official languages	701,785	327,145	374,640	3,997,195	1,915,450	2,081,750
Aboriginal languages	110	55	55	118,470	59,720	58,750
Algonquian languages	55	30	25	75,080	37,825	37,260
Blackfoot	0	0	0	1,115	555	555
Cree-Montagnais languages	15	10	10	55,825	28,135	27,685
Atikamekw	0	0	0	5,465	2,825	2,640
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	0	8,590	4,195	4,395
Moose Cree	0	0	0	10	5	5
Naskapi	0	0	0	1,200	595	605
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	110	55	60
Plains Cree	0	0	0	1,350	665	685
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	20	5	15
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	330	140	190
Woods Cree	5	0	0	800	410	390
Cree, n.o.s.	10	0	10	37,945	19,240	18,710
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	0	0	3,615	1,795	1,820
Malecite	0	0	0	55	30	30
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	3,560	1,770	1,795
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	35	20	15	14,525	7,335	7,190
Algonquin	0	0	0	370	170	200
Ojibway	35	20	10	6,175	3,165	3,015
Oji-Cree	0	0	5	7,900	3,960	3,940
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	75	40	35
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Athabaskan languages	5	0	0	10,265	5,125	5,135
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	0	0	10,255	5,120	5,135
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Beaver	0	0	0	50	30	20
Carrier	0	0	0	245	115	130
Chilcotin	0	0	0	255	125	130
Dene	5	5	0	7,710	3,805	3,905
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	1,020	550	475
Gwich'in	0	0	0	45	25	25
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	0	5	10	5	5
Sekani	0	0	0	15	10	5
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	820	425	395
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	340	180	155
South Slavey	0	0	0	370	190	185
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	105	55	55
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	25	15	15
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	25	10	10
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	5	5
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	25	15	10
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	10	0	5
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	5
Haida	0	0	0	10	5	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	29,490	14,995	14,495
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	165	75	90
Inuktitut	0	0	0	29,230	14,885	14,345
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	90	40	55
Iroquoian languages	0	0	5	285	135	155
Cayuga	0	0	0	10	0	5
Mohawk	5	0	5	255	115	140
Oneida	0	0	0	15	5	10
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kutenai	0	0	0	15	10	5
Michif	0	0	0	85	40	45
Salish languages	0	0	0	285	130	150
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	45	20	25
Lillooet	0	0	0	25	15	10
Okanagan	0	0	0	85	35	45
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	55	30	20
Squamish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Straits	0	0	0	20	10	15
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	15	10
Siouan languages	0	0	0	2,225	1,085	1,140
Dakota	0	0	0	255	140	120
Stoney	0	0	0	1,950	940	1,010
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	15
Tlingit	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	410	210	190
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	315	155	155
Nisga'a	0	0	0	70	40	30
Tsimshian	0	0	0	25	15	15
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	75	45	35
Haisla	0	0	0	20	10	15
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	5	5	5
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	30	15	15
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	40	20	20	235	110	125
Non-Aboriginal languages	701,675	327,090	374,590	3,878,725	1,855,730	2,022,995
Afro-Asiatic languages	36,560	17,185	19,375	307,755	153,275	154,480
Berber languages	40	20	20	8,105	4,215	3,895
Kabyle	20	10	10	5,490	2,855	2,640
Berber languages, n.i.e.	25	10	15	2,620	1,365	1,260
Cushitic languages	7,495	3,140	4,350	27,095	12,455	14,640
Bilen	40	20	25	620	330	285
Oromo	495	230	265	3,410	1,700	1,710
Somali	6,930	2,880	4,050	22,895	10,340	12,555
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	30	10	15	185	85	95
Semitic languages	28,920	13,970	14,955	272,100	136,390	135,720
Amharic	3,425	1,500	1,925	12,780	6,010	6,770
Arabic	16,485	8,210	8,280	223,540	112,690	110,850
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	3,620	1,755	1,860	10,510	5,090	5,425
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	480	240	240	3,445	1,695	1,750
Harari	450	200	250	735	335	400
Hebrew	1,610	805	810	8,560	4,425	4,135
Maltese	430	200	230	1,130	525	605
Tigrigna	2,250	985	1,270	10,205	5,040	5,170
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	170	85	90	1,200	585	620
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	110	55	50	440	215	230
Austro-Asiatic languages	17,760	8,020	9,740	115,210	53,500	61,710
Khmer (Cambodian)	725	305	425	10,880	4,940	5,945
Vietnamese	17,020	7,710	9,305	104,245	48,525	55,725
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	10	0	5	85	40	45
Austronesian languages	48,375	20,215	28,165	239,785	108,110	131,680
Bikol	75	30	40	290	140	155
Cebuano	1,320	560	760	7,210	3,325	3,880
Fijian	5	5	0	195	105	90
Hiligaynon	615	265	355	2,205	970	1,240
Ilocano	2,695	1,150	1,545	9,125	4,045	5,080
Malagasy	5	0	0	435	220	210
Malay	575	270	300	3,620	1,710	1,910
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	215	90	120	1,200	565	630
Pangasinan	60	30	30	240	110	135
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	42,520	17,680	24,835	213,790	96,235	117,555
Waray-Waray	60	20	40	310	135	170
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	230	105	130	1,160	545	620
Creole languages	1,530	665	865	27,860	12,005	15,850
Haitian Creole	110	50	60	1,280	575	705
Creole, n.o.s.	1,015	430	580	24,575	10,510	14,060
Creole languages, n.i.e.	405	175	225	2,005	920	1,085
Dravidian languages	47,065	22,840	24,225	122,490	59,780	62,710
Kannada	290	155	135	1,630	825	800
Malayalam	2,460	1,315	1,140	15,440	7,865	7,575
Tamil	42,015	20,085	21,930	96,955	46,570	50,385
Telugu	2,270	1,270	1,000	8,280	4,430	3,850
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	35	15	20	190	85	105
Hmong-Mien languages	5	0	0	340	160	180
Indo-European languages	317,075	150,570	166,505	1,911,215	927,225	983,985
Albanian	4,110	2,070	2,045	13,135	6,575	6,560
Armenian	5,170	2,430	2,740	21,505	10,165	11,345
Balto-Slavic languages	61,615	28,155	33,460	314,965	149,315	165,650
Baltic languages	1,080	430	655	3,275	1,400	1,870
Latvian	465	180	285	1,255	530	725
Lithuanian	615	250	370	2,020	870	1,150
Slavic languages	60,530	27,725	32,805	311,690	147,910	163,780
Belarusan	70	35	40	230	105	120
Bosnian	500	240	260	6,045	3,010	3,040
Bulgarian	2,450	1,185	1,260	11,985	5,835	6,150
Croatian	2,040	945	1,095	16,775	7,980	8,795
Czech	850	410	440	6,235	3,060	3,180
Macedonian	2,730	1,285	1,440	6,830	3,250	3,580
Polish	10,610	4,730	5,875	74,780	34,910	39,870
Russian	23,075	10,420	12,655	116,595	55,175	61,425
Serbian	8,020	3,865	4,155	31,750	15,665	16,085
Serbo-Croatian	585	280	305	3,885	1,865	2,020
Slovak	1,615	795	820	5,615	2,685	2,920
Slovene (Slovenian)	490	200	295	2,050	905	1,145
Ukrainian	7,425	3,300	4,125	28,250	13,150	15,100
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	70	25	40	670	310	360
Celtic languages	40	25	15	360	205	155
Scottish Gaelic	10	5	0	185	105	80
Welsh	10	5	0	95	50	45
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	20	15	5	80	50	30
Germanic languages	2,895	1,325	1,575	146,455	71,835	74,615
Afrikaans	90	45	45	4,790	2,355	2,435
Danish	80	35	45	855	410	445
Dutch	285	140	150	9,565	4,630	4,935
Frisian	0	0	0	185	95	90
German	1,955	875	1,080	120,335	58,905	61,435
Icelandic	15	5	10	270	120	150
Norwegian	35	15	15	345	145	200
Swedish	130	50	75	1,045	500	545
Vlaams (Flemish)	15	10	5	355	170	185
Yiddish	290	145	145	7,080	3,695	3,385
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	1,625	820	810
Greek	13,000	6,065	6,935	44,545	21,110	23,440
Indo-Iranian languages	122,130	60,785	61,340	838,755	416,960	421,795
Indo-Aryan languages	84,470	42,405	42,060	676,185	337,440	338,745
Bengali	18,935	9,390	9,545	47,350	23,585	23,765
Gujarati	16,525	8,290	8,235	64,150	31,740	32,405
Hindi	7,850	4,060	3,785	55,510	27,805	27,710
Kashmiri	10	5	5	135	70	70
Konkani	160	80	80	720	355	370
Marathi	775	405	370	3,780	1,940	1,840
Nepali	1,705	870	830	13,375	6,710	6,670
Oriya (Odia)	140	70	75	470	235	240
Punjabi (Panjabi)	12,075	6,210	5,870	349,145	174,905	174,240
Sindhi	1,130	495	635	4,975	2,280	2,695
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	1,545	765	785	7,790	3,860	3,925
Urdu	23,625	11,775	11,850	128,785	63,965	64,820
Iranian languages	37,275	18,170	19,105	160,195	78,310	81,880
Kurdish	905	490	415	6,580	3,400	3,175
Pashto	2,995	1,525	1,465	10,590	5,305	5,290
Persian (Farsi)	33,375	16,150	17,225	143,020	69,600	73,425
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	385	210	175	2,375	1,215	1,160
Italic (Romance) languages	108,115	49,715	58,400	531,485	251,050	280,440
Catalan	65	30	35	355	165	190
Italian	27,130	11,365	15,770	115,415	49,975	65,440
Portuguese	33,425	16,090	17,340	98,710	46,915	51,795
Romanian	5,910	2,705	3,210	53,320	25,795	27,525
Spanish	41,530	19,510	22,025	263,510	128,110	135,400
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	45	25	25	180	85	95
Japanese	3,295	1,380	1,915	19,785	8,265	11,515
Kartvelian languages	635	345	295	1,040	565	475
Georgian	635	345	295	1,035	565	475
Korean	23,625	10,830	12,795	109,705	51,385	58,320
Mongolic languages	175	85	90	910	440	470
Mongolian	175	85	90	910	435	470
Niger-Congo languages	5,675	2,540	3,135	28,665	13,340	15,320
Akan (Twi)	2,320	1,000	1,325	5,990	2,695	3,295
Bamanankan	15	10	10	340	180	160
Edo	220	85	125	415	175	240
Ewe	40	10	30	410	185	225
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	60	25	35	825	400	425
Ga	80	30	50	250	105	140
Ganda	110	50	65	345	160	185
Igbo	250	130	120	1,000	485	510
Lingala	75	30	45	1,045	455	590
Rundi (Kirundi)	110	55	55	2,110	990	1,115
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	85	35	45	1,530	670	865
Shona	125	55	70	1,035	475	560
Swahili	995	440	555	5,370	2,500	2,870
Wolof	60	35	25	1,380	745	635
Yoruba	560	295	265	2,615	1,275	1,340
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	570	250	315	4,010	1,850	2,160
Nilo-Saharan languages	60	35	25	2,650	1,305	1,350
Dinka	10	10	5	1,130	580	550
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	50	30	20	1,525	730	800
Sign languages	885	520	365	10,445	5,870	4,570
American Sign Language	315	170	140	3,015	1,560	1,460
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	730	375	355
Sign languages, n.i.e	570	345	220	6,690	3,935	2,755
Sino-Tibetan languages	185,430	85,370	100,055	924,720	433,530	491,190
Chinese languages	181,255	83,310	97,945	913,365	427,860	485,505
Cantonese	83,405	37,430	45,980	400,215	184,340	215,885
Hakka	1,250	550	695	4,080	1,820	2,265
Mandarin	87,760	41,290	46,470	462,890	220,075	242,815
Min Dong	155	70	85	345	150	195
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	2,805	1,285	1,515	13,965	6,345	7,625
Wu (Shanghainese)	1,470	680	795	7,650	3,580	4,075
Chinese, n.o.s.	4,350	1,975	2,375	23,935	11,440	12,500
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	55	25	30	280	130	150
Tibeto-Burman languages	4,175	2,060	2,110	11,350	5,670	5,680
Burmese	365	160	205	2,245	1,115	1,125
Karenic languages	205	105	105	3,865	1,935	1,930
Tibetan	3,525	1,750	1,775	4,590	2,305	2,280
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	80	45	35	655	305	345
Tai-Kadai languages	710	330	385	9,565	4,455	5,110
Lao	315	155	160	6,175	2,995	3,180
Thai	390	175	220	3,360	1,450	1,915
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	5	5	5	30	15	15
Turkic languages	6,340	3,205	3,135	22,250	11,205	11,045
Azerbaijani	365	185	180	1,245	640	610
Turkish	5,495	2,770	2,725	18,955	9,525	9,430
Uyghur	130	70	65	610	315	290
Uzbek	260	135	125	990	505	490
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	95	45	45	455	230	225
Uralic languages	6,255	2,835	3,420	23,245	10,715	12,535
Estonian	530	185	345	975	365	610
Finnish	260	105	155	2,790	1,220	1,565
Hungarian	5,460	2,540	2,920	19,485	9,125	10,355
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	215	115	100	1,110	605	500
Multiple responses	245,950	116,105	129,845	1,663,390	802,695	860,690
English and French	6,510	3,010	3,495	160,185	77,940	82,235
English and non-official language	233,300	110,350	122,950	1,284,975	620,375	664,600
French and non-official language	1,355	595	755	148,915	70,915	78,000
English, French and non-official language	4,780	2,145	2,640	69,315	33,465	35,850
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	2,704,420	1,301,905	1,402,515	34,767,255	17,101,165	17,666,080
None	2,057,585	995,080	1,062,505	29,615,245	14,612,175	15,003,065
English	271,530	130,775	140,750	2,109,340	1,045,215	1,064,120
French	27,445	12,360	15,080	731,095	342,245	388,855
Non-official language	335,090	157,715	177,375	2,151,690	1,023,940	1,127,750
Aboriginal	385	165	220	90,740	42,890	47,850
Non-Aboriginal	334,705	157,550	177,155	2,060,945	981,055	1,079,895
English and French	1,835	875	965	47,970	23,785	24,190
English and non-official language	6,420	3,075	3,340	61,075	30,045	31,030
French and non-official language	4,365	1,950	2,425	48,755	22,690	26,065
English, French and non-official language	140	65	80	2,080	1,075	1,010
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	2,294,790	1,092,665	1,202,125	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,355
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,187,030	1,041,915	1,145,115	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,190
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,089	33,456	27,576	34,204	40,782	28,860
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,187,340	1,042,005	1,145,335	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,958	30,661	25,918	30,866	35,933	26,621
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,888,445	918,925	969,520	24,583,315	12,296,595	12,286,725
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,733	36,010	28,105	32,762	39,925	26,613
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,598,435	709,590	888,850	19,743,240	8,755,815	10,987,430
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	2,249	1,115	3,956	5,453	4,199	6,136
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,578,750	791,520	787,230	20,428,685	10,547,760	9,880,925
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,602	37,149	30,393	33,684	39,836	28,474
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	2,294,785	1,092,655	1,202,135	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,187,225	1,041,920	1,145,300	27,489,395	13,441,555	14,047,845
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	52,268	62,667	42,807	47,487	56,740	38,632
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,187,505	1,042,020	1,145,485	27,500,230	13,446,230	14,053,995
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,462	48,059	35,461	38,977	45,404	32,828
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,889,205	918,700	970,505	24,584,065	12,295,015	12,289,055
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	54,901	66,647	43,781	46,885	56,803	36,962
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,598,725	710,015	888,710	19,742,130	8,752,070	10,990,060
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,631	5,725	7,355	7,738	7,345	8,050
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,578,755	791,435	787,310	20,428,670	10,542,540	9,886,130
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	54,032	64,206	43,805	46,057	54,369	37,193
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	2,294,790	1,092,650	1,202,135	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	726,575	392,990	333,590	9,367,045	5,231,015	4,136,035
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	55,246	58,626	52,090	53,431	59,326	47,420
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	78,643	89,498	65,856	65,997	74,289	55,510
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	90.6	93.6	86.7	88.3	91.6	83.7
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	74.4	77.7	70.1	72.0	75.2	67.7
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	9.4	6.4	13.3	11.7	8.4	16.3
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	2,294,790	1,092,665	1,202,125	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360
Without total income	107,760	50,750	57,005	1,154,450	546,285	608,165
With total income	2,187,030	1,041,915	1,145,115	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,195
Percentage with total income	95.3	95.4	95.3	96.0	96.1	95.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	389,430	182,885	206,545	3,877,620	1,668,960	2,208,655
$10,000 to $19,999	410,355	175,800	234,555	4,680,380	1,867,600	2,812,785
$20,000 to $29,999	291,150	125,720	165,430	3,807,840	1,593,335	2,214,505
$30,000 to $39,999	221,475	100,395	121,085	3,206,175	1,472,670	1,733,510
$40,000 to $49,999	187,235	87,700	99,535	2,827,045	1,376,565	1,450,480
$50,000 to $59,999	145,500	70,185	75,315	2,179,775	1,145,685	1,034,090
$60,000 to $69,999	114,465	57,710	56,750	1,655,070	938,755	716,310
$70,000 to $79,999	89,650	46,940	42,705	1,271,850	745,830	526,015
$80,000 to $89,999	69,990	37,355	32,630	966,885	579,290	387,590
$90,000 to $99,999	58,210	30,005	28,210	749,290	452,240	297,050
$100,000 and over	209,575	127,215	82,360	2,266,600	1,603,400	663,195
$100,000 to $149,999	119,810	68,240	51,570	1,493,570	1,024,210	469,365
$150,000 and over	89,770	58,975	30,795	773,025	579,190	193,830
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	2,294,790	1,092,665	1,202,120	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360
Without after-tax income	107,450	50,660	56,795	1,143,795	541,620	602,175
With after-tax income	2,187,335	1,042,005	1,145,330	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175
Percentage with after-tax income	95.3	95.4	95.3	96.0	96.1	95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	395,780	185,315	210,465	4,004,475	1,706,825	2,297,645
$10,000 to $19,999	425,580	183,045	242,535	4,905,055	1,972,920	2,932,130
$20,000 to $29,999	330,405	144,300	186,110	4,489,925	1,926,175	2,563,755
$30,000 to $39,999	261,430	120,825	140,610	3,924,960	1,870,705	2,054,250
$40,000 to $49,999	213,815	101,645	112,175	3,144,200	1,619,670	1,524,525
$50,000 to $59,999	154,925	77,550	77,375	2,209,280	1,245,570	963,705
$60,000 to $69,999	112,490	59,255	53,235	1,540,300	912,230	628,065
$70,000 to $79,999	84,300	44,490	39,810	1,076,180	654,570	421,610
$80,000 and over	208,615	125,585	83,025	2,204,820	1,540,335	664,485
$80,000 to $89,999	57,270	30,705	26,570	688,705	444,550	244,145
$90,000 to $99,999	34,660	20,035	14,630	420,975	291,090	129,885
$100,000 and over	116,680	74,845	41,830	1,095,140	804,690	290,445
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	2,294,785	1,092,665	1,202,120	28,642,980	13,990,625	14,652,360
Without employment income	716,035	301,145	414,895	8,214,295	3,442,860	4,771,430
With employment income	1,578,750	791,520	787,235	20,428,690	10,547,760	9,880,925
Percentage with employment income	68.8	72.4	65.5	71.3	75.4	67.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	201,230	94,895	106,335	2,778,990	1,357,430	1,421,560
$5,000 to $9,999	132,320	61,255	71,065	1,602,140	697,025	905,120
$10,000 to $19,999	219,860	103,510	116,355	2,736,010	1,212,855	1,523,155
$20,000 to $29,999	176,835	81,220	95,615	2,293,785	1,022,090	1,271,695
$30,000 to $39,999	157,110	75,225	81,890	2,149,860	1,001,065	1,148,795
$40,000 to $49,999	141,850	68,405	73,445	1,928,565	946,625	981,940
$50,000 to $59,999	113,285	57,240	56,045	1,554,100	839,045	715,055
$60,000 to $69,999	90,310	47,130	43,180	1,220,310	708,270	512,040
$70,000 to $79,999	72,185	39,215	32,975	992,170	591,945	400,225
$80,000 and over	273,755	163,430	110,330	3,172,770	2,171,415	1,001,355
$80,000 to $89,999	57,580	31,675	25,910	773,755	475,700	298,055
$90,000 to $99,999	50,845	26,260	24,580	623,980	382,330	241,650
$100,000 and over	165,330	105,490	59,840	1,775,030	1,313,385	461,645
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	1,112,930	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	65,829	...	...	70,336	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	58,264	...	...	61,348	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	359,960	...	...	3,969,790	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,018	...	...	35,174	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,172	...	...	31,446	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	752,970	...	...	10,102,290	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	82,908	...	...	88,249	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	73,695	...	...	76,419	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	1,112,930	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	102,721	...	...	92,764	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	81,495	...	...	76,171	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	359,985	...	...	3,967,765	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	55,409	...	...	46,799	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	44,276	...	...	38,685	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	752,940	...	...	10,104,315	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	125,340	...	...	110,813	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	99,289	...	...	90,890	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	1,112,930	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Under $5,000	33,190	...	...	228,790	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	23,455	...	...	200,315	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	36,550	...	...	374,575	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	54,025	...	...	565,940	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	47,315	...	...	602,800	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	47,500	...	...	538,710	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	46,945	...	...	603,480	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	47,115	...	...	606,600	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	46,290	...	...	596,110	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	44,650	...	...	578,325	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	84,180	...	...	1,097,345	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	76,120	...	...	1,010,415	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	68,190	...	...	924,320	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	60,400	...	...	836,765	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	53,485	...	...	745,655	...	...
$100,000 and over	343,520	...	...	4,561,920	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	100,810	...	...	1,470,255	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	68,300	...	...	1,016,245	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	77,810	...	...	1,116,140	...	...
$200,000 and over	96,600	...	...	959,285	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	1,112,930	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Under $5,000	34,790	...	...	243,780	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	23,615	...	...	203,865	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	37,085	...	...	380,680	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	55,930	...	...	591,660	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	51,915	...	...	673,740	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	52,205	...	...	628,225	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	53,515	...	...	719,825	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	55,545	...	...	725,675	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	55,765	...	...	711,180	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	53,385	...	...	691,695	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	98,910	...	...	1,299,680	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	86,755	...	...	1,169,515	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	75,120	...	...	1,041,635	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	63,360	...	...	900,055	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	51,570	...	...	757,295	...	...
$100,000 and over	263,465	...	...	3,333,575	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	94,025	...	...	1,371,945	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	58,255	...	...	809,540	...	...
$150,000 and over	111,180	...	...	1,152,090	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	705,600	...	...	9,688,845	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	82,859	...	...	88,306	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	73,530	...	...	76,372	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	221,155	...	...	3,706,220	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	83,232	...	...	78,976	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	72,412	...	...	68,309	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	316,455	...	...	4,222,140	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	102,273	...	...	113,465	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	89,920	...	...	96,608	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	138,800	...	...	1,481,410	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,040	...	...	53,193	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,839	...	...	48,856	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	705,445	...	...	9,689,855	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	127,312	...	...	111,235	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	100,343	...	...	91,040	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	221,085	...	...	3,706,400	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	127,461	...	...	101,086	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	98,833	...	...	82,296	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	317,230	...	...	4,225,855	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	155,188	...	...	137,094	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	120,979	...	...	111,307	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	137,685	...	...	1,477,190	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	70,494	...	...	65,549	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	59,981	...	...	56,687	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	518,290	246,070	272,215	5,313,545	2,608,845	2,704,705
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	31,059	31,130	31,006	31,890	34,483	29,801
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	28,647	28,567	28,713	28,959	30,746	27,495
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	517,005	245,110	271,895	5,299,050	2,596,985	2,702,070
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	47,407	49,458	45,557	42,939	46,085	39,915
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	38,513	39,445	37,673	35,801	37,724	33,952
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	2,691,665	1,296,235	1,395,430	34,460,065	16,971,550	17,488,515
In the bottom half of the distribution	1,455,315	686,810	768,500	17,229,835	8,256,970	8,972,865
In the bottom decile	404,560	195,060	209,500	3,445,950	1,672,900	1,773,050
In the second decile	320,165	146,180	173,980	3,445,660	1,564,965	1,880,700
In the third decile	268,495	125,455	143,040	3,446,165	1,641,930	1,804,235
In the fourth decile	238,680	113,000	125,680	3,445,850	1,677,120	1,768,730
In the fifth decile	223,415	107,115	116,300	3,446,210	1,700,060	1,746,150
In the top half of the distribution	1,236,350	609,425	626,925	17,230,230	8,714,580	8,515,650
In the sixth decile	216,450	103,995	112,460	3,445,695	1,716,510	1,729,185
In the seventh decile	213,325	103,540	109,790	3,446,470	1,730,975	1,715,500
In the eighth decile	219,865	107,815	112,050	3,445,940	1,741,640	1,704,300
In the ninth decile	241,850	119,420	122,425	3,446,045	1,751,850	1,694,195
In the top decile	344,855	174,650	170,200	3,446,080	1,773,600	1,672,475
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	2,691,665	1,296,235	1,395,430	33,968,295	16,724,265	17,244,035
0 to 17 years	478,360	245,340	233,020	6,836,380	3,504,250	3,332,125
0 to 5 years	162,510	83,480	79,030	2,228,770	1,142,505	1,086,270
18 to 64 years	1,811,265	874,400	936,860	21,695,090	10,690,090	11,005,005
65 years and over	402,045	176,495	225,550	5,436,830	2,529,930	2,906,905
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	543,385	254,890	288,495	4,809,940	2,243,200	2,566,740
0 to 17 years	125,675	64,485	61,195	1,163,830	597,570	566,255
0 to 5 years	42,685	21,880	20,805	396,095	203,055	193,030
18 to 64 years	347,775	163,045	184,730	2,855,290	1,341,590	1,513,700
65 years and over	69,935	27,360	42,575	790,825	304,040	486,780
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	20.2	19.7	20.7	14.2	13.4	14.9
0 to 17 years (%)	26.3	26.3	26.3	17.0	17.1	17.0
0 to 5 years (%)	26.3	26.2	26.3	17.8	17.8	17.8
18 to 64 years (%)	19.2	18.6	19.7	13.2	12.5	13.8
65 years and over (%)	17.4	15.5	18.9	14.5	12.0	16.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	469,325	224,145	245,180	3,128,995	1,519,370	1,609,630
0 to 17 years	98,910	50,725	48,185	696,025	357,255	338,770
0 to 5 years	33,950	17,345	16,605	236,435	121,170	115,260
18 to 64 years	322,620	155,490	167,130	2,157,745	1,057,585	1,100,160
65 years and over	47,800	17,935	29,865	275,225	104,525	170,695
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	17.4	17.3	17.6	9.2	9.1	9.3
0 to 17 years (%)	20.7	20.7	20.7	10.2	10.2	10.2
0 to 5 years (%)	20.9	20.8	21.0	10.6	10.6	10.6
18 to 64 years (%)	17.8	17.8	17.8	9.9	9.9	10.0
65 years and over (%)	11.9	10.2	13.2	5.1	4.1	5.9
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	2,691,665	1,296,270	1,395,395	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
Official languages	2,559,780	1,243,220	1,316,560	33,818,210	16,709,290	17,108,920
English	2,557,220	1,242,190	1,315,035	29,748,265	14,806,270	14,941,995
French	246,610	107,660	138,950	10,242,945	4,952,455	5,290,495
Non-official languages	1,464,760	689,505	775,255	9,369,280	4,488,185	4,881,090
Aboriginal languages	795	325	470	263,845	127,550	136,295
Algonquian languages	660	285	375	177,570	85,505	92,065
Blackfoot	0	0	0	5,645	2,695	2,950
Cree-Montagnais languages	135	65	70	116,585	56,515	60,070
Atikamekw	0	0	0	6,640	3,335	3,305
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	11,440	5,500	5,945
Moose Cree	0	0	0	195	80	115
Naskapi	0	0	0	1,465	710	755
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	545	225	320
Plains Cree	30	20	10	5,905	2,705	3,200
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	40	30	10
Swampy Cree	25	10	15	2,345	995	1,350
Woods Cree	10	10	10	2,665	1,230	1,435
Cree, n.o.s.	70	30	35	86,115	42,080	44,035
Eastern Algonquian languages	15	0	10	9,765	4,710	5,050
Malecite	0	0	0	755	370	390
Mi'kmaq	15	0	10	9,025	4,350	4,670
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	510	215	295	46,685	22,100	24,585
Algonquin	15	10	10	2,480	1,165	1,315
Ojibway	480	205	275	28,585	13,365	15,220
Oji-Cree	10	0	10	15,610	7,575	8,030
Ottawa (Odawa)	10	10	0	205	105	105
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	120	60	60
Athabaskan languages	15	10	10	23,655	11,340	12,320
Northern Athabaskan languages	15	0	10	23,570	11,300	12,265
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	210	105	100
Beaver	0	0	0	340	180	165
Carrier	0	0	0	2,105	955	1,145
Chilcotin	0	0	0	1,150	535	610
Dene	10	10	0	13,060	6,270	6,790
Dogrib (Tlicho)	10	0	10	2,375	1,210	1,165
Gwich'in	0	0	0	360	165	200
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	150	60	90
Sekani	0	0	0	185	85	100
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	2,815	1,340	1,475
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	1,010	475	530
South Slavey	0	0	0	1,365	660	710
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	680	320	360
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	630	340	285
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	365	205	170
Tahltan	0	0	0	270	140	130
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	420	160	260
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	285	115	170
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	145	50	95
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	85	35	50
Haida	0	0	0	465	205	260
Inuit languages	20	10	15	42,980	21,355	21,630
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	1,975	895	1,080
Inuktitut	15	10	10	40,620	20,280	20,340
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	470	225	240
Iroquoian languages	50	10	40	2,800	1,240	1,555
Cayuga	0	0	0	125	40	85
Mohawk	40	10	35	2,415	1,120	1,295
Oneida	10	0	10	180	60	125
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	115	45	75
Kutenai	0	0	0	175	95	80
Michif	10	0	0	1,210	585	625
Salish languages	0	10	10	5,750	2,730	3,015
Comox	0	0	0	185	75	110
Halkomelem	0	0	0	1,060	475	585
Lillooet	0	0	0	790	405	385
Okanagan	10	0	0	820	370	450
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	1,305	640	665
Squamish	0	0	0	285	125	155
Straits	0	0	0	360	160	200
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	450	220	235
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	565	295	270
Siouan languages	0	0	0	5,430	2,665	2,770
Dakota	0	0	0	1,760	870	890
Stoney	10	0	10	3,675	1,805	1,875
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	140	70	70
Tlingit	0	0	0	260	140	120
Tsimshian languages	0	0	10	2,730	1,350	1,380
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	1,305	645	660
Nisga'a	0	0	0	1,060	545	515
Tsimshian	10	0	0	410	180	235
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	1,490	680	805
Haisla	0	0	0	175	65	110
Heiltsuk	10	0	0	125	50	75
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	605	285	320
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	565	265	300
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	20	10
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	25	10	10	665	310	360
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,464,025	689,205	774,820	9,107,075	4,361,420	4,745,660
Afro-Asiatic languages	100,730	49,935	50,795	837,355	432,560	404,795
Berber languages	135	75	55	29,460	15,745	13,715
Kabyle	35	15	25	17,120	9,100	8,015
Berber languages, n.i.e.	110	65	45	12,505	6,735	5,775
Cushitic languages	17,250	7,505	9,750	57,125	26,870	30,250
Bilen	65	45	25	1,085	625	470
Oromo	1,175	495	685	6,245	3,070	3,175
Somali	16,020	6,955	9,065	49,665	23,070	26,590
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	65	25	40	480	220	265
Semitic languages	84,510	42,935	41,580	771,130	400,780	370,350
Amharic	9,560	4,445	5,120	33,670	16,675	16,995
Arabic	47,885	25,005	22,890	629,055	329,235	299,820
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	5,930	2,865	3,065	19,745	9,720	10,020
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	680	335	350	7,115	3,505	3,610
Harari	945	480	465	1,710	855	860
Hebrew	18,860	9,555	9,315	75,020	38,730	36,290
Maltese	1,860	910	950	7,625	3,760	3,870
Tigrigna	5,150	2,425	2,725	21,340	10,640	10,705
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	465	255	205	3,220	1,655	1,565
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	370	180	185	2,775	1,440	1,335
Austro-Asiatic languages	33,965	15,600	18,360	224,865	105,845	119,020
Khmer (Cambodian)	2,020	850	1,170	27,035	12,640	14,400
Vietnamese	32,165	14,870	17,295	198,895	93,735	105,155
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	190	70	120
Austronesian languages	128,075	50,505	77,570	656,200	273,075	383,125
Bikol	385	175	210	2,075	885	1,190
Cebuano	4,685	1,865	2,830	27,045	10,960	16,085
Fijian	10	0	10	1,660	955	705
Hiligaynon	1,810	730	1,070	7,925	3,200	4,720
Ilocano	9,550	3,780	5,770	34,530	13,805	20,730
Malagasy	55	20	35	2,335	1,120	1,220
Malay	3,435	1,585	1,850	22,470	10,370	12,100
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	920	420	505	5,425	2,445	2,980
Pangasinan	325	130	190	1,800	790	1,015
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	121,155	47,540	73,620	612,735	253,210	359,530
Waray-Waray	220	60	160	1,395	530	860
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	895	360	535	5,585	2,540	3,040
Creole languages	8,845	3,795	5,050	155,615	70,545	85,070
Haitian Creole	455	195	265	6,850	3,140	3,710
Creole, n.o.s.	4,830	2,015	2,825	133,045	59,890	73,160
Creole languages, n.i.e.	3,675	1,625	2,050	16,635	7,955	8,675
Dravidian languages	87,340	43,525	43,815	250,180	126,220	123,960
Kannada	1,610	835	775	8,245	4,180	4,065
Malayalam	6,705	3,550	3,155	37,810	19,410	18,400
Tamil	74,750	36,615	38,135	189,860	94,640	95,220
Telugu	6,130	3,560	2,575	23,160	12,770	10,390
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	160	75	80	790	385	405
Hmong-Mien languages	15	0	10	870	435	435
Indo-European languages	764,770	369,530	395,235	5,158,010	2,506,455	2,651,555
Albanian	9,905	4,880	5,025	31,930	16,140	15,790
Armenian	9,630	4,560	5,070	41,295	19,980	21,315
Balto-Slavic languages	138,380	62,970	75,405	817,315	384,960	432,350
Baltic languages	3,910	1,540	2,370	14,675	6,470	8,205
Latvian	1,765	740	1,025	6,500	2,960	3,540
Lithuanian	2,145	800	1,345	8,185	3,510	4,675
Slavic languages	135,365	61,790	73,575	805,915	379,965	425,945
Belarusan	470	240	225	2,265	1,070	1,195
Bosnian	1,960	930	1,035	18,265	9,055	9,215
Bulgarian	4,860	2,340	2,525	22,425	10,920	11,505
Croatian	8,555	4,140	4,415	69,840	34,515	35,325
Czech	3,745	1,795	1,950	28,720	13,675	15,050
Macedonian	8,245	3,855	4,390	23,075	11,190	11,880
Polish	30,970	13,515	17,450	214,965	99,365	115,600
Russian	51,045	23,150	27,890	269,645	127,055	142,595
Serbian	17,025	8,365	8,660	73,775	37,040	36,740
Serbo-Croatian	1,800	850	950	11,275	5,525	5,750
Slovak	3,460	1,605	1,855	21,470	10,215	11,255
Slovene (Slovenian)	2,010	890	1,120	11,495	5,205	6,290
Ukrainian	21,020	9,145	11,870	132,115	58,820	73,300
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	335	205	130	3,000	1,590	1,405
Celtic languages	1,355	715	640	9,165	4,705	4,455
Scottish Gaelic	395	220	180	3,980	2,010	1,975
Welsh	140	65	80	1,690	830	860
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	820	440	380	3,590	1,915	1,680
Germanic languages	43,080	20,695	22,385	695,535	337,215	358,320
Afrikaans	1,670	850	820	23,410	11,795	11,610
Danish	1,090	485	605	15,745	7,320	8,425
Dutch	4,755	2,330	2,420	120,865	57,885	62,990
Frisian	75	35	40	2,910	1,515	1,395
German	29,980	14,340	15,640	502,730	245,745	256,985
Icelandic	100	45	55	1,780	830	945
Norwegian	480	240	240	8,120	3,860	4,260
Swedish	1,630	765	865	14,140	6,510	7,635
Vlaams (Flemish)	160	65	90	4,400	1,945	2,455
Yiddish	4,685	2,305	2,380	20,985	10,435	10,550
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	55	25	35	8,710	4,425	4,285
Greek	40,170	19,690	20,480	150,965	75,510	75,455
Indo-Iranian languages	254,825	130,405	124,415	1,658,220	840,850	817,365
Indo-Aryan languages	193,285	99,090	94,190	1,387,805	704,370	683,435
Bengali	35,635	18,260	17,375	91,220	46,935	44,285
Gujarati	36,180	18,650	17,530	149,045	74,765	74,285
Hindi	65,360	34,355	31,005	433,365	221,665	211,700
Kashmiri	85	40	40	905	490	420
Konkani	1,500	695	810	6,790	3,185	3,605
Marathi	3,230	1,630	1,600	15,570	8,200	7,365
Nepali	3,925	1,945	1,975	21,380	10,915	10,470
Oriya (Odia)	450	220	230	1,535	755	775
Punjabi (Panjabi)	33,785	17,720	16,060	668,240	341,450	326,790
Sindhi	4,185	1,950	2,235	20,260	9,310	10,945
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	6,860	3,390	3,470	27,825	13,970	13,855
Urdu	57,675	29,285	28,390	322,220	164,685	157,535
Iranian languages	63,765	32,345	31,420	281,715	142,030	139,680
Kurdish	2,080	1,210	870	15,290	8,290	7,000
Pashto	6,570	3,595	2,975	23,180	12,465	10,715
Persian (Farsi)	57,760	29,105	28,650	252,320	126,565	125,755
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	1,515	850	665	8,875	4,715	4,155
Italic (Romance) languages	290,570	136,505	154,065	1,897,630	898,530	999,100
Catalan	240	125	115	2,035	1,145	890
Italian	91,590	42,755	48,835	574,725	278,500	296,225
Portuguese	75,785	36,510	39,270	295,955	144,465	151,485
Romanian	14,620	6,580	8,045	115,050	55,275	59,770
Spanish	122,195	57,080	65,115	995,255	460,250	535,010
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	440	225	220	2,680	1,610	1,075
Japanese	12,070	5,105	6,960	83,090	36,760	46,335
Kartvelian languages	1,125	575	550	2,150	1,075	1,075
Georgian	1,130	570	550	2,150	1,080	1,070
Korean	37,610	17,455	20,155	172,755	80,170	92,590
Mongolic languages	345	150	195	2,090	960	1,130
Mongolian	350	155	195	2,090	960	1,130
Niger-Congo languages	26,430	12,495	13,935	177,215	88,135	89,080
Akan (Twi)	7,000	3,215	3,785	22,145	10,810	11,340
Bamanankan	110	75	35	3,190	1,660	1,530
Edo	1,210	500	705	3,220	1,510	1,705
Ewe	265	155	110	3,000	1,685	1,315
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	295	150	145	4,725	2,460	2,260
Ga	475	195	280	2,250	1,140	1,110
Ganda	585	280	305	2,495	1,175	1,320
Igbo	1,480	765	710	8,850	4,710	4,140
Lingala	1,265	540	725	17,010	7,865	9,145
Rundi (Kirundi)	400	210	185	8,590	4,075	4,515
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	460	215	250	7,860	3,600	4,260
Shona	760	350	410	5,425	2,530	2,905
Swahili	6,210	3,000	3,210	38,680	19,565	19,115
Wolof	285	135	150	8,240	4,455	3,785
Yoruba	3,600	1,870	1,730	22,420	11,475	10,940
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	3,975	1,745	2,230	40,760	20,375	20,385
Nilo-Saharan languages	310	170	140	7,015	3,520	3,495
Dinka	60	35	20	2,475	1,280	1,190
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	250	130	120	4,555	2,240	2,315
Sign languages	3,090	1,375	1,715	48,115	18,985	29,130
American Sign Language	1,950	765	1,185	21,930	7,780	14,155
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	10	4,665	1,665	3,005
Sign languages, n.i.e.	1,195	645	545	22,275	9,835	12,440
Sino-Tibetan languages	279,900	129,990	149,910	1,430,440	672,100	758,340
Chinese languages	273,760	126,965	146,795	1,413,110	663,465	749,640
Cantonese	141,260	64,620	76,645	699,125	325,840	373,285
Hakka	3,035	1,265	1,775	12,445	5,555	6,890
Mandarin	150,735	69,900	80,840	814,450	377,635	436,815
Min Dong	460	205	255	1,045	440	600
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	7,235	3,195	4,045	42,840	19,005	23,835
Wu (Shanghainese)	3,225	1,490	1,735	16,530	7,490	9,040
Chinese, n.o.s.	7,055	3,155	3,900	41,690	19,995	21,690
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	75	50	30	590	250	340
Tibeto-Burman languages	6,400	3,170	3,230	18,270	9,100	9,175
Burmese	885	400	485	4,995	2,490	2,500
Karenic languages	250	110	130	4,895	2,425	2,475
Tibetan	5,045	2,515	2,525	7,050	3,555	3,490
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	295	170	125	2,375	1,160	1,220
Tai-Kadai languages	2,205	875	1,330	30,400	13,210	17,195
Lao	850	380	465	17,235	8,240	8,990
Thai	1,455	540	915	15,390	5,875	9,520
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	115	50	65
Turkic languages	15,395	8,125	7,275	60,530	31,585	28,945
Azerbaijani	1,465	760	710	5,450	2,885	2,565
Turkish	13,000	6,905	6,090	50,775	26,605	24,165
Uyghur	320	150	170	1,385	685	700
Uzbek	630	345	285	2,465	1,230	1,235
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	380	160	220	1,870	905	965
Uralic languages	17,065	7,680	9,385	94,810	44,270	50,545
Estonian	1,985	855	1,130	6,070	2,750	3,315
Finnish	1,430	585	850	17,595	7,540	10,050
Hungarian	13,700	6,260	7,445	71,285	34,005	37,280
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	10
Other languages, n.i.e.	1,315	675	635	9,730	5,375	4,355
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	2,691,665	1,296,270	1,395,395	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	2,296,370	1,108,000	1,188,365	32,034,590	15,799,495	16,235,090
Canadian citizens aged under 18	431,655	221,480	210,180	6,652,795	3,412,785	3,240,010
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	1,864,710	886,525	978,190	25,381,795	12,386,710	12,995,080
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	395,295	188,270	207,025	2,425,480	1,172,085	1,253,400
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	2,691,665	1,296,270	1,395,390	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	1,332,090	665,435	666,655	26,412,610	13,124,325	13,288,290
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	1,266,005	583,975	682,030	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330
Before 1981	294,065	133,310	160,755	1,941,510	927,795	1,013,715
1981 to 1990	171,565	81,205	90,365	915,555	439,245	476,310
1991 to 2000	281,870	127,730	154,145	1,486,655	696,720	789,940
2001 to 2010	330,550	152,950	177,600	1,985,035	940,570	1,044,465
2001 to 2005	162,770	75,700	87,070	928,935	439,890	489,050
2006 to 2010	167,780	77,250	90,530	1,056,095	500,680	555,415
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	187,950	88,780	99,170	1,212,075	582,175	629,895
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	93,575	46,865	46,715	506,625	260,755	245,870
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	1,266,000	583,975	682,030	7,540,830	3,586,500	3,954,335
Under 5 years	96,800	47,595	49,205	731,340	364,165	367,175
5 to 14 years	205,920	102,700	103,215	1,311,810	665,870	645,945
15 to 24 years	270,470	120,040	150,425	1,604,430	724,430	880,005
25 to 44 years	558,625	254,865	303,760	3,198,920	1,513,970	1,684,950
45 years and over	134,190	58,775	75,420	694,320	318,060	376,260
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	1,266,000	583,975	682,030	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330
Americas	212,010	92,485	119,525	1,128,745	510,650	618,100
Brazil	7,025	3,360	3,660	29,320	13,235	16,080
Colombia	8,710	3,995	4,720	70,035	32,065	37,965
El Salvador	6,960	3,500	3,460	48,080	23,865	24,215
Guyana	34,490	14,700	19,790	87,685	38,940	48,745
Haiti	1,855	835	1,020	93,480	40,955	52,525
Jamaica	45,075	18,280	26,795	138,345	59,960	78,390
Mexico	7,225	3,340	3,890	80,585	37,530	43,055
Peru	3,865	1,725	2,145	29,615	12,950	16,665
Trinidad and Tobago	19,640	8,305	11,330	65,040	29,325	35,710
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	24,530	11,480	13,050	253,715	113,505	140,215
Other places of birth in Americas	52,630	22,965	29,665	232,850	108,325	124,530
Europe	298,270	139,045	159,220	2,088,410	1,015,145	1,073,260
Bosnia and Herzegovina	5,125	2,445	2,685	36,135	18,050	18,085
Croatia	4,680	2,195	2,475	40,045	20,005	20,035
France	4,585	2,175	2,410	105,565	55,395	50,170
Germany	11,090	5,220	5,870	145,845	69,525	76,320
Greece	19,235	9,185	10,050	62,715	31,580	31,135
Hungary	7,860	3,580	4,280	36,820	17,945	18,875
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	4,625	2,400	2,225	28,325	14,355	13,970
Italy	45,515	21,350	24,165	236,640	118,595	118,040
Netherlands	2,690	1,355	1,335	88,475	45,185	43,295
Poland	21,360	9,265	12,100	146,465	66,450	80,020
Portugal	38,575	18,485	20,090	139,450	68,150	71,300
Romania	12,875	5,690	7,185	90,305	42,795	47,510
Russian Federation	16,225	6,755	9,470	78,685	34,265	44,420
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	8,525	4,095	4,430	33,320	16,325	17,000
Ukraine	15,775	7,075	8,705	73,030	33,360	39,665
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	40,295	19,425	20,870	499,115	243,225	255,890
Other places of birth in Europe	39,225	18,350	20,880	247,470	119,945	127,530
Africa	77,445	36,520	40,925	637,485	322,510	314,970
Algeria	770	435	335	64,620	33,920	30,705
Egypt	6,620	3,490	3,130	64,615	34,125	30,495
Ethiopia	9,080	4,095	4,985	32,790	15,980	16,810
Kenya	4,880	2,195	2,685	27,150	12,810	14,340
Morocco	1,850	885	965	69,655	36,120	33,535
Nigeria	7,605	3,780	3,830	42,430	21,830	20,600
Somalia	9,025	3,605	5,410	27,230	12,070	15,160
South Africa, Republic of	5,560	2,710	2,845	44,660	22,205	22,460
Other places of birth in Africa	32,055	15,320	16,740	264,320	133,450	130,870
Asia	674,495	314,010	360,485	3,629,160	1,709,985	1,919,175
Afghanistan	12,740	6,455	6,285	51,955	26,030	25,930
Bangladesh	25,100	12,730	12,365	58,735	29,875	28,865
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	131,475	59,275	72,205	649,260	290,800	358,460
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	38,820	17,855	20,965	208,940	98,020	110,915
India	79,225	40,115	39,110	668,565	334,030	334,540
IranCensus data footnote 61	36,445	18,300	18,145	154,425	77,970	76,455
Iraq	11,135	5,490	5,645	68,485	34,785	33,705
Japan	3,985	1,260	2,725	27,240	7,955	19,285
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	26,835	12,330	14,500	123,305	57,170	66,140
Lebanon	6,010	3,350	2,660	88,745	47,295	41,450
Pakistan	34,750	17,535	17,215	202,260	103,225	99,035
Philippines	118,780	47,820	70,955	588,305	247,095	341,210
Sri Lanka	52,900	25,740	27,160	131,995	64,825	67,170
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	5,575	2,790	2,785	52,960	26,595	26,365
Taiwan	7,695	3,320	4,375	63,770	28,170	35,605
Viet Nam	30,575	13,725	16,850	169,250	78,000	91,250
Other places of birth in Asia	52,450	25,925	26,530	320,965	158,150	162,815
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	3,785	1,910	1,870	57,030	28,210	28,825
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	187,950	88,780	99,170	1,212,075	582,180	629,895
Americas	23,850	11,210	12,635	152,595	72,870	79,720
Brazil	1,915	930	980	8,500	4,000	4,490
Colombia	1,430	670	760	15,300	6,885	8,415
Cuba	770	345	430	5,370	2,545	2,820
Haiti	680	315	360	19,985	9,160	10,830
Jamaica	3,530	1,840	1,685	12,495	6,680	5,820
Mexico	2,065	995	1,070	18,660	9,090	9,575
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	4,015	2,085	1,925	33,060	16,480	16,580
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	1,055	480	575	6,425	2,990	3,435
Other places of birth in Americas	8,390	3,540	4,845	32,790	15,040	17,750
Europe	20,260	10,240	10,025	140,030	70,995	69,035
France	1,140	560	585	24,150	13,000	11,150
Germany	625	345	285	6,300	3,255	3,045
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	1,220	780	440	5,660	3,540	2,120
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	400	180	220	5,900	2,735	3,165
Romania	860	355	505	7,610	3,330	4,280
Russian Federation	2,290	835	1,460	11,565	4,485	7,080
Ukraine	1,930	905	1,025	13,425	6,015	7,410
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	2,120	1,375	740	24,445	14,235	10,215
Other places of birth in Europe	9,680	4,915	4,760	40,970	20,405	20,570
Africa	13,300	6,380	6,920	162,800	81,545	81,245
Algeria	130	50	80	17,175	8,440	8,735
Cameroon	555	240	315	10,265	5,005	5,255
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	325	135	195	7,400	3,570	3,835
Côte d'Ivoire	170	70	95	6,240	3,030	3,210
Egypt	1,350	690	660	16,115	8,445	7,665
Eritrea	970	485	485	6,050	3,195	2,855
Ethiopia	1,555	710	845	7,510	3,625	3,890
Morocco	210	100	110	15,105	7,470	7,635
Nigeria	2,550	1,235	1,310	17,285	8,850	8,435
Somalia	1,010	480	530	5,335	2,600	2,730
South Africa, Republic of	395	230	170	5,765	2,935	2,830
Tunisia	85	55	30	6,700	3,475	3,230
Other places of birth in Africa	3,985	1,900	2,090	41,855	20,905	20,950
Asia	129,695	60,415	69,275	748,700	352,095	396,610
Afghanistan	3,170	1,630	1,535	9,240	4,530	4,710
Bangladesh	5,795	2,870	2,920	12,900	6,445	6,460
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	23,195	10,230	12,965	129,020	57,745	71,270
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	640	275	360	4,975	2,090	2,880
India	20,095	10,555	9,540	147,190	75,145	72,045
IranCensus data footnote 61	10,930	5,325	5,610	42,070	20,580	21,490
Iraq	3,715	1,795	1,920	20,665	10,345	10,320
Israel	585	295	285	4,740	2,615	2,130
Japan	740	195	540	4,905	1,250	3,655
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	2,925	1,315	1,610	21,710	9,630	12,075
Lebanon	615	350	260	9,375	4,980	4,400
Nepal	1,575	825	750	7,505	3,780	3,715
Pakistan	6,725	3,285	3,440	41,480	20,530	20,945
Philippines	31,730	13,360	18,370	188,810	83,050	105,760
Saudi Arabia	865	435	425	5,465	2,820	2,640
Sri Lanka	4,355	1,825	2,530	11,495	5,190	6,305
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	3,260	1,735	1,525	29,945	15,245	14,700
Taiwan	325	100	220	4,310	1,685	2,625
Turkey	1,675	920	755	4,255	2,365	1,890
United Arab Emirates	940	480	455	6,135	3,220	2,910
Viet Nam	1,380	500	875	11,210	4,500	6,705
Other places of birth in Asia	4,460	2,085	2,380	31,320	14,345	16,970
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	850	530	320	7,955	4,670	3,280
Australia	665	425	240	4,965	2,950	2,010
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	185	105	80	2,990	1,720	1,270
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	2,691,665	1,296,270	1,395,395	34,460,060	16,971,575	17,488,485
First generationCensus data footnote 69	1,377,465	640,055	737,410	8,219,555	3,936,045	4,283,505
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	740,180	371,440	368,740	6,100,725	3,053,075	3,047,650
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	574,020	284,775	289,250	20,139,790	9,982,460	10,157,330
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	988,325	458,395	529,925	5,703,615	2,709,530	2,994,085
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	475,155	227,400	247,755	2,994,130	1,496,240	1,497,885
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	201,860	111,560	90,305	1,220,755	755,370	465,380
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	273,290	115,835	157,450	1,773,380	740,870	1,032,510
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	320,940	131,355	189,590	1,782,490	728,085	1,054,400
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	176,120	92,535	83,590	858,845	453,675	405,175
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	16,100	7,110	8,990	68,145	31,530	36,615
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	2,691,665	1,296,270	1,395,395	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	23,065	10,835	12,235	1,673,785	813,520	860,265
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	21,925	10,215	11,710	1,629,805	792,970	836,835
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	14,380	6,695	7,685	977,235	471,510	505,725
Métis	7,270	3,385	3,880	587,545	289,435	298,115
Inuk (Inuit)	275	130	150	65,030	32,030	32,995
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	500	260	235	21,310	10,165	11,145
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	645	355	285	22,670	10,385	12,290
Non-Aboriginal identity	2,668,600	1,285,440	1,383,165	32,786,280	16,158,060	16,628,225
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	2,691,665	1,296,270	1,395,395	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	7,965	3,655	4,305	820,120	395,670	424,445
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	2,683,700	1,292,610	1,391,090	33,639,945	16,575,905	17,064,040
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	2,691,665	1,296,270	1,395,395	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,490
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	4,215	1,900	2,320	727,790	356,970	370,815
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	4,125	1,855	2,270	709,235	347,985	361,245
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	3,330	1,455	1,875	573,215	280,040	293,180
Métis single ancestry	705	370	335	91,255	45,740	45,515
Inuit single ancestry	90	35	60	44,765	22,210	22,555
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	90	40	50	18,555	8,985	9,565
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	65	30	40	15,140	7,305	7,835
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	2,470	1,205	1,265
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	770	390	380
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	15	10	10	170	85	85
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	31,410	14,655	16,765	1,402,735	669,710	733,025
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	30,560	14,295	16,265	1,347,610	644,210	703,400
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	23,355	11,000	12,355	881,455	418,215	463,235
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	6,885	3,145	3,745	441,000	213,940	227,065
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	320	150	165	25,155	12,045	13,105
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	850	355	500	55,125	25,505	29,625
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	770	310	460	49,325	22,740	26,585
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	60	35	30	3,470	1,655	1,815
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	15	10	2,005	940	1,065
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	325	170	160
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	2,656,040	1,279,720	1,376,315	32,329,545	15,944,900	16,384,645
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	2,691,665	1,296,270	1,395,390	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	1,385,850	656,795	729,060	7,674,580	3,725,090	3,949,495
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	338,965	171,480	167,480	1,924,635	977,690	946,945
Chinese	299,460	140,725	158,735	1,577,060	746,400	830,665
Black	239,850	109,870	129,980	1,198,540	580,070	618,475
Filipino	152,715	64,130	88,585	780,125	341,800	438,330
Latin American	77,160	37,295	39,865	447,325	215,460	231,860
Arab	36,030	18,920	17,105	523,235	276,425	246,810
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	41,645	19,375	22,270	313,260	148,880	164,385
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	60,325	30,515	29,805	264,305	133,475	130,825
Korean	41,640	19,665	21,975	188,710	89,110	99,600
Japanese	13,410	5,505	7,905	92,920	40,105	52,815
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	36,975	16,945	20,035	132,090	62,540	69,550
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	47,675	22,360	25,310	232,375	113,140	119,230
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	1,305,815	639,475	666,340	26,785,480	13,246,485	13,539,000
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	2,691,665	1,296,270	1,395,395	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
North American Aboriginal origins	35,630	16,550	19,080	2,130,520	1,026,675	1,103,840
First Nations (North American Indian)	27,610	12,840	14,770	1,525,570	731,410	794,155
Inuit	515	245	270	79,130	38,695	40,435
Métis	8,460	3,875	4,590	599,995	291,310	308,690
Other North American origins	345,705	170,640	175,065	11,628,535	5,745,695	5,882,835
Acadian	2,315	1,190	1,130	119,675	57,805	61,865
American	27,475	13,455	14,015	377,405	182,690	194,715
Canadian	323,180	159,435	163,740	11,135,965	5,501,595	5,634,370
New Brunswicker	45	30	20	1,490	800	685
Newfoundlander	1,430	695	730	22,215	11,420	10,800
Nova Scotian	335	150	180	3,700	1,770	1,930
Ontarian	375	230	150	3,925	1,980	1,945
Québécois	880	440	440	194,560	99,320	95,235
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	150	75	75	1,895	950	945
European origins	1,288,855	624,910	663,945	19,683,320	9,687,715	9,995,605
British Isles origins	597,295	292,595	304,700	11,211,850	5,474,735	5,737,115
Channel Islander	180	95	80	3,595	1,740	1,855
Cornish	150	75	75	1,975	995	975
English	331,895	162,525	169,370	6,320,085	3,069,515	3,250,570
Irish	262,965	125,325	137,635	4,627,000	2,195,620	2,431,385
Manx	435	260	175	6,125	3,090	3,040
Scottish	256,255	124,590	131,665	4,799,005	2,323,390	2,475,620
Welsh	28,210	13,425	14,780	474,805	226,600	248,210
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	52,905	25,635	27,270	644,695	307,090	337,610
French origins	122,870	58,265	64,605	4,680,820	2,283,480	2,397,340
Alsatian	260	95	165	2,800	1,300	1,495
Breton	40	35	10	11,845	5,765	6,080
Corsican	35	15	20	1,750	950	805
French	122,610	58,150	64,460	4,670,595	2,278,430	2,392,165
Western European origins (except French origins)	187,190	90,670	96,520	4,600,855	2,258,095	2,342,760
Austrian	16,145	7,660	8,490	207,050	100,775	106,275
Bavarian	85	35	45	940	485	455
Belgian	4,895	2,220	2,670	186,665	91,395	95,270
Dutch	41,650	19,880	21,765	1,111,655	546,565	565,090
Flemish	460	220	245	11,685	5,730	5,960
Frisian	230	135	95	4,590	2,395	2,195
German	130,895	63,815	67,080	3,322,405	1,626,785	1,695,615
Luxembourger	130	65	65	3,915	2,025	1,890
Swiss	7,630	3,770	3,860	155,120	76,935	78,185
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	340	145	195	3,365	1,645	1,720
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	36,720	17,695	19,025	1,201,320	579,005	622,315
Danish	7,575	3,715	3,860	207,470	100,660	106,810
Finnish	8,160	3,795	4,365	143,645	69,045	74,600
Icelandic	2,305	1,115	1,190	101,795	49,875	51,915
Norwegian	9,180	4,565	4,610	463,275	223,075	240,200
Swedish	10,400	4,780	5,620	349,645	163,545	186,095
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	1,950	895	1,060	52,780	26,965	25,820
Eastern European origins	302,480	141,850	160,630	3,431,245	1,666,740	1,764,505
Bulgarian	6,495	3,090	3,405	34,565	16,935	17,625
Byelorussian	4,080	2,040	2,045	20,710	10,190	10,515
Czech	9,500	4,555	4,950	104,580	51,555	53,030
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	2,315	1,040	1,280	40,715	19,235	21,480
Estonian	4,620	2,165	2,455	24,530	11,715	12,815
Hungarian	33,700	16,350	17,355	348,085	170,040	178,045
Latvian	5,710	2,640	3,070	30,725	14,920	15,805
Lithuanian	11,675	5,400	6,270	59,285	28,745	30,535
Moldovan	1,265	620	650	14,915	7,265	7,650
Polish	114,530	53,655	60,880	1,106,585	533,830	572,750
Romanian	26,255	12,225	14,025	238,050	114,705	123,345
Russian	74,465	34,135	40,330	622,445	297,600	324,850
Slovak	7,615	3,680	3,940	72,285	35,360	36,925
Ukrainian	72,345	34,015	38,330	1,359,655	663,560	696,095
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	5,210	2,415	2,795	20,415	9,895	10,520
Southern European origins	441,480	215,805	225,675	3,012,375	1,494,605	1,517,775
Albanian	11,120	5,570	5,555	36,185	18,385	17,800
Bosnian	2,965	1,425	1,540	26,740	13,320	13,420
Catalan	120	80	40	1,280	740	535
Croatian	13,675	6,690	6,985	133,970	67,825	66,140
Cypriot	1,470	740	725	5,650	2,850	2,795
Greek	57,420	28,600	28,820	271,410	137,405	134,005
Italian	182,495	89,805	92,690	1,587,965	794,525	793,445
Kosovar	270	145	125	2,865	1,470	1,395
Macedonian	13,320	6,585	6,735	43,110	21,650	21,460
Maltese	6,765	3,365	3,405	41,920	20,955	20,965
Montenegrin	935	405	525	4,160	2,180	1,985
Portuguese	100,415	48,725	51,695	482,605	239,360	243,250
Serbian	19,375	9,710	9,670	96,530	49,095	47,440
Sicilian	680	335	345	6,940	3,500	3,435
Slovenian	5,475	2,680	2,790	40,470	20,105	20,365
Spanish	56,815	26,600	30,215	396,460	184,520	211,945
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	3,310	1,580	1,730	38,480	18,620	19,860
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	260	115	150	2,170	1,030	1,135
Other European origins	42,130	20,955	21,175	226,695	115,110	111,580
Basque	505	230	275	6,965	3,690	3,275
Jewish	34,270	17,145	17,130	143,660	72,625	71,035
Roma (Gypsy)	900	425	480	4,630	2,195	2,440
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	495	260	235	4,870	2,560	2,310
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	6,320	3,075	3,245	67,890	34,730	33,160
Caribbean origins	165,735	73,670	92,060	749,155	349,810	399,345
Antiguan	1,320	535	785	4,500	2,115	2,385
Bahamian	620	330	285	3,675	1,915	1,760
Barbadian	9,015	4,035	4,980	37,780	17,745	20,035
Bermudan	650	295	350	3,075	1,435	1,640
Carib	995	335	660	3,030	1,175	1,860
Cuban	5,340	2,445	2,895	29,065	13,800	15,270
Dominican	3,580	1,725	1,850	23,130	11,000	12,125
Grenadian	7,370	3,005	4,365	17,915	7,835	10,080
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	1,125	515	605
Haitian	3,440	1,585	1,855	165,095	76,460	88,635
Jamaican	90,065	40,370	49,695	309,485	145,080	164,410
Kittitian/Nevisian	905	435	470	2,915	1,460	1,460
Martinican	80	30	45	2,010	900	1,110
Montserratan	245	100	140	930	460	470
Puerto Rican	450	240	210	3,405	1,645	1,765
St. Lucian	3,525	1,465	2,060	8,985	4,095	4,890
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	20,215	9,035	11,180	78,965	37,325	41,635
Vincentian/Grenadinian	6,170	2,530	3,640	17,420	7,475	9,945
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	20,315	8,755	11,560	70,270	31,625	38,645
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	7,875	3,395	4,475	26,830	12,520	14,310
Latin, Central and South American origins	113,815	53,520	60,300	674,640	325,210	349,430
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	4,500	2,035	2,455	22,725	10,875	11,850
Arawak	470	220	250	1,440	610	830
Argentinian	4,250	2,100	2,155	20,680	10,130	10,545
Belizean	185	70	115	1,755	915	845
Bolivian	785	375	410	5,055	2,480	2,580
Brazilian	8,365	4,165	4,205	36,830	17,380	19,455
Chilean	5,900	2,885	3,010	45,190	22,280	22,910
Colombian	12,235	5,830	6,405	96,325	45,590	50,735
Costa Rican	1,070	580	490	5,535	2,680	2,855
Ecuadorian	9,990	4,675	5,315	25,405	11,995	13,415
Guatemalan	3,110	1,470	1,645	26,275	13,360	12,915
Guyanese	26,690	11,845	14,845	84,275	39,530	44,745
Hispanic	2,145	1,065	1,085	11,055	5,380	5,670
Honduran	1,015	455	565	10,650	5,235	5,415
Maya	785	390	400	6,285	3,350	2,940
Mexican	12,095	5,695	6,400	128,485	62,890	65,595
Nicaraguan	2,325	1,125	1,205	13,705	6,650	7,055
Panamanian	890	365	525	4,700	2,210	2,495
Paraguayan	165	65	95	4,325	2,165	2,160
Peruvian	4,990	2,340	2,655	42,145	19,645	22,505
Salvadorean	9,570	4,720	4,845	66,220	32,960	33,255
Uruguayan	1,300	665	635	6,795	3,390	3,410
Venezuelan	4,220	1,910	2,305	26,345	12,220	14,125
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	5,075	2,490	2,585	28,455	13,930	14,525
African origins	146,870	70,425	76,445	1,067,930	539,805	528,120
Central and West African origins	31,135	15,255	15,880	230,110	118,040	112,070
Akan	460	260	200	1,955	1,090	870
Angolan	845	375	470	2,960	1,475	1,480
Ashanti	560	270	285	1,585	855	735
Beninese	235	120	115	4,995	2,670	2,320
Burkinabe	40	10	35	3,150	1,665	1,485
Cameroonian	1,570	775	800	24,615	12,390	12,230
Chadian	130	65	65	1,845	955	885
Congolese	2,625	1,215	1,410	38,365	18,925	19,440
Edo	495	255	240	1,945	1,095	855
Ewe	75	40	35	845	470	375
Gabonese	35	10	30	1,405	660	750
Gambian	435	195	240	975	495	475
Ghanaian	9,965	4,640	5,325	35,495	17,720	17,770
Guinean	470	240	235	7,240	3,785	3,455
Ibo	665	375	295	5,315	2,850	2,470
Ivorian	385	175	215	10,935	5,485	5,450
Liberian	170	75	100	2,485	1,130	1,360
Malian	175	90	85	4,490	2,280	2,210
Malinké	160	65	95	1,125	585	535
Nigerian	9,745	4,930	4,815	51,835	27,025	24,805
Peulh	60	40	20	2,435	1,270	1,170
Senegalese	365	195	170	10,175	5,500	4,670
Sierra Leonean	595	305	290	2,620	1,330	1,295
Togolese	210	135	75	5,300	2,870	2,430
Wolof	45	20	25	840	495	345
Yoruba	1,105	645	460	9,585	5,075	4,515
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	1,495	750	750	15,380	7,940	7,445
North African origins	19,510	9,970	9,540	355,045	185,775	169,270
Algerian	890	405	480	67,335	34,755	32,580
Berber	455	245	205	37,060	19,685	17,375
Coptic	285	155	130	3,535	1,860	1,680
Dinka	10	0	10	900	500	400
Egyptian	10,495	5,310	5,180	99,140	51,730	47,410
Libyan	715	380	330	7,740	4,135	3,605
Maure	145	85	60	1,190	655	535
Moroccan	4,100	2,095	2,005	103,940	54,005	49,945
Sudanese	2,305	1,145	1,165	19,960	10,315	9,645
Tunisian	550	285	265	25,645	13,985	11,665
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	470	285	185	6,115	3,320	2,795
Southern and East African origins	56,405	26,555	29,845	260,145	128,325	131,815
Afrikaner	190	90	95	1,870	955	915
Amhara	325	170	160	1,530	815	715
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	175	100	75	3,965	2,175	1,785
Burundian	475	265	210	10,990	5,405	5,580
Djiboutian	160	80	85	1,710	790	920
Eritrean	6,455	3,105	3,355	25,255	12,830	12,430
Ethiopian	13,090	6,255	6,830	44,065	21,680	22,385
Harari	395	215	175	665	355	305
Kenyan	2,150	970	1,185	10,915	5,230	5,685
Malagasy	80	30	50	4,500	2,175	2,325
Mauritian	945	455	485	9,325	4,655	4,665
Oromo	640	275	365	3,350	1,745	1,605
Rwandan	790	365	425	10,775	5,065	5,705
Seychellois	75	30	45	1,285	575	710
Somali	20,960	9,675	11,280	62,550	30,215	32,330
South African	5,435	2,705	2,735	41,375	20,575	20,800
Tanzanian	1,140	550	590	4,710	2,400	2,310
Tigrian	360	190	175	2,155	1,160	995
Ugandan	1,285	620	660	5,705	2,875	2,830
Zambian	170	80	85	1,860	935	920
Zimbabwean	1,025	450	575	8,090	3,975	4,110
Zulu	140	75	65	945	475	475
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	3,275	1,375	1,900	17,305	8,445	8,860
Other African origins	41,950	19,690	22,270	239,560	116,400	123,165
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	6,535	2,750	3,785	30,385	14,015	16,370
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	35,855	17,135	18,720	212,005	103,790	108,215
Asian origins	1,079,290	515,535	563,760	6,095,235	2,958,120	3,137,115
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	152,055	77,500	74,555	1,011,145	518,170	492,980
Afghan	20,915	10,770	10,150	83,995	42,320	41,675
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	9,280	4,885	4,390	111,400	58,930	52,475
Armenian	12,265	5,950	6,320	63,810	31,505	32,305
Assyrian	3,125	1,620	1,505	13,835	7,115	6,720
Azerbaijani	1,670	805	870	6,425	3,230	3,200
Georgian	1,605	815	785	4,775	2,430	2,345
Hazara	325	165	160	1,515	810	705
Iranian	45,540	23,000	22,535	210,405	106,565	103,840
Iraqi	10,475	5,180	5,295	70,925	35,965	34,955
Israeli	6,720	3,480	3,240	28,735	15,065	13,675
Jordanian	1,480	830	655	14,250	7,520	6,735
Kazakh	635	290	345	3,330	1,615	1,710
Kurd	2,565	1,415	1,155	16,315	8,810	7,515
Kuwaiti	155	95	60	2,235	1,185	1,055
Kyrgyz	130	40	90	1,060	510	550
Lebanese	13,125	6,800	6,325	219,555	112,970	106,590
Palestinian	4,090	2,280	1,810	44,820	23,900	20,920
Pashtun	825	460	360	4,810	2,565	2,245
Saudi Arabian	1,125	585	535	6,810	3,935	2,880
Syrian	6,655	3,210	3,450	77,045	38,445	38,600
Tajik	780	390	390	2,905	1,410	1,495
Tatar	860	375	485	4,825	2,155	2,670
Turk	13,345	6,845	6,500	63,955	32,855	31,100
Turkmen	200	90	110	1,040	540	500
Uighur	370	180	185	1,555	775	785
Uzbek	1,025	530	495	3,920	1,920	2,000
Yemeni	1,405	665	740	6,645	3,335	3,305
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	4,210	2,175	2,035	25,280	13,180	12,100
South Asian origins	350,040	175,565	174,470	1,963,330	993,595	969,735
Bangladeshi	18,155	9,430	8,725	45,940	23,645	22,300
Bengali	9,455	4,875	4,580	22,900	11,730	11,180
Bhutanese	120	75	50	3,600	1,765	1,835
East Indian	202,675	101,705	100,970	1,374,710	694,990	679,720
Goan	1,280	565	710	6,070	2,915	3,155
Gujarati	1,995	1,075	920	8,350	4,305	4,050
Kashmiri	350	180	170	3,115	1,605	1,510
Nepali	3,080	1,515	1,565	17,140	8,715	8,420
Pakistani	36,135	18,360	17,770	215,555	110,420	105,140
Punjabi	6,205	3,185	3,020	118,400	61,155	57,240
Sinhalese	1,735	850	880	7,285	3,605	3,685
Sri Lankan	58,185	28,130	30,055	152,595	75,010	77,585
Tamil	20,345	10,295	10,055	48,670	24,845	23,825
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	18,475	9,450	9,025	76,400	38,815	37,585
East and Southeast Asian origins	586,510	266,790	319,720	3,163,360	1,467,205	1,696,155
Burmese	1,200	570	635	9,335	4,535	4,795
Cambodian (Khmer)	2,965	1,300	1,665	38,490	18,515	19,980
Chinese	332,825	155,720	177,110	1,769,195	836,150	933,045
Filipino	162,600	68,740	93,865	837,130	369,105	468,025
Hmong	15	0	10	805	420	390
Indonesian	2,950	1,370	1,580	21,390	9,950	11,440
Japanese	17,265	7,320	9,945	121,485	53,415	68,070
Karen	230	100	130	4,510	2,275	2,240
Korean	43,455	20,505	22,950	198,210	93,680	104,525
Laotian	1,255	580	680	24,580	12,190	12,390
Malaysian	2,875	1,340	1,535	16,920	7,735	9,185
Mongolian	1,090	480	615	7,480	3,560	3,915
Singaporean	555	240	320	2,850	1,325	1,520
Taiwanese	4,500	2,015	2,480	36,510	16,570	19,945
Thai	1,795	640	1,155	19,010	7,330	11,680
Tibetan	5,430	2,705	2,725	8,040	4,055	3,985
Vietnamese	36,840	17,310	19,530	240,615	115,935	124,680
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	1,375	700	675	6,500	3,150	3,355
Other Asian origins	4,605	2,310	2,295	22,745	11,280	11,460
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	4,605	2,310	2,295	22,740	11,280	11,460
Oceania origins	5,790	2,905	2,885	85,470	43,030	42,440
Australian	3,705	1,945	1,765	42,315	21,710	20,605
New Zealander	1,230	640	590	15,395	8,065	7,330
Pacific Islands origins	1,020	425	595	29,485	14,240	15,250
Fijian	465	165	300	19,375	9,280	10,090
Hawaiian	125	55	65	3,295	1,500	1,795
Maori	145	80	60	2,500	1,310	1,195
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	80	15	60	1,530	725	805
Samoan	65	30	35	1,100	625	475
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	220	90	130	2,335	1,145	1,185
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	1,112,925	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Owner	587,095	...	...	9,541,320	...	...
Renter	525,835	...	...	4,474,530	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	56,230	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	1,112,930	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Condominium	292,260	...	...	1,874,840	...	...
Not condominium	820,665	...	...	12,197,240	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	1,112,930	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
No bedrooms	22,360	...	...	93,345	...	...
1 bedroom	310,005	...	...	1,925,015	...	...
2 bedrooms	315,685	...	...	3,547,090	...	...
3 bedrooms	270,925	...	...	4,836,485	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	193,950	...	...	3,670,145	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	1,112,925	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	559,150	...	...	4,068,915	...	...
5 rooms	150,730	...	...	2,177,045	...	...
6 rooms	119,130	...	...	1,981,585	...	...
7 rooms	94,780	...	...	1,790,180	...	...
8 or more rooms	189,140	...	...	4,054,355	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.0	...	...	6.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	1,112,930	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
One person or fewer per room	1,054,450	...	...	13,802,060	...	...
More than 1 person per room	58,485	...	...	270,020	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	1,112,925	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Suitable	978,105	...	...	13,376,345	...	...
Not suitable	134,820	...	...	695,730	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	1,112,930	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
1960 or before	363,125	...	...	3,126,380	...	...
1961 to 1980	347,615	...	...	4,185,510	...	...
1981 to 1990	109,900	...	...	1,977,640	...	...
1991 to 2000	85,645	...	...	1,746,390	...	...
2001 to 2005	58,310	...	...	976,390	...	...
2006 to 2010	67,530	...	...	1,089,750	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	80,800	...	...	970,015	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	1,112,930	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	1,034,330	...	...	13,151,600	...	...
Major repairs needed	78,595	...	...	920,480	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	1,112,930	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
1 household maintainer	693,410	...	...	8,324,865	...	...
2 household maintainers	374,460	...	...	5,404,800	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	45,065	...	...	342,415	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	1,112,930	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
15 to 24 years	38,560	...	...	437,230	...	...
25 to 34 years	193,900	...	...	1,991,685	...	...
35 to 44 years	200,750	...	...	2,414,920	...	...
45 to 54 years	225,770	...	...	2,862,870	...	...
55 to 64 years	198,425	...	...	2,859,315	...	...
65 to 74 years	134,375	...	...	2,034,220	...	...
75 to 84 years	84,315	...	...	1,084,700	...	...
85 years and over	36,845	...	...	387,135	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	1,110,740	...	...	13,798,305	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	704,665	...	...	10,472,355	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	406,070	...	...	3,325,950	...	...
30% to less than 100%	328,350	...	...	2,861,615	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	587,080	...	...	9,368,330	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	57.5	...	...	60.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	27.4	...	...	16.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,496	...	...	1,130	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,682	...	...	1,313	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	601,922	...	...	341,556	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	754,015	...	...	443,058	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	525,825	...	...	4,452,850	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	15.1	...	...	13.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	46.8	...	...	40.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,201	...	...	910	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,242	...	...	1,002	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	2,294,790	1,092,650	1,202,135	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,580
No certificate, diploma or degree	377,340	177,785	199,550	5,239,575	2,667,995	2,571,585
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	561,095	276,685	284,405	7,576,400	3,686,630	3,889,770
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,356,355	638,180	718,175	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,230
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	94,005	59,530	34,475	2,800,260	1,906,610	893,650
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	53,065	30,330	22,735	1,549,880	880,365	669,515
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	40,945	29,195	11,745	1,250,385	1,026,250	224,140
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	362,080	156,110	205,975	5,553,825	2,326,940	3,226,890
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	65,015	27,970	37,040	813,335	331,940	481,395
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	835,255	394,575	440,685	6,659,615	3,070,315	3,589,300
Bachelor's degree	534,610	245,840	288,765	4,443,835	1,967,905	2,475,935
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	54,570	24,630	29,935	462,295	203,725	258,570
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	23,545	12,065	11,475	190,925	102,530	88,395
Master's degree	192,120	93,960	98,160	1,331,045	651,510	679,535
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	30,415	18,075	12,345	231,510	144,640	86,870
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	1,554,810	745,235	809,575	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830
No certificate, diploma or degree	159,795	80,045	79,745	2,169,790	1,200,110	969,685
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	317,080	162,485	154,595	4,494,585	2,247,020	2,247,565
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,077,935	502,705	575,230	12,267,005	5,821,425	6,445,580
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	63,315	39,670	23,640	2,042,430	1,377,775	664,650
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	36,000	20,535	15,470	1,145,035	639,785	505,250
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	27,310	19,140	8,175	897,390	737,990	159,405
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	279,675	121,840	157,835	4,241,985	1,786,065	2,455,920
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	48,700	21,085	27,615	580,885	240,040	340,850
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	686,245	320,105	366,140	5,401,705	2,417,555	2,984,155
Bachelor's degree	433,620	198,980	234,645	3,590,080	1,562,160	2,027,925
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	43,835	19,140	24,705	362,455	151,205	211,250
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	18,815	8,885	9,930	153,290	74,440	78,855
Master's degree	166,410	79,840	86,565	1,120,190	527,335	592,850
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	23,565	13,260	10,300	175,685	102,415	73,275
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	2,294,790	1,092,655	1,202,135	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	938,435	454,470	483,965	12,815,980	6,354,625	6,461,350
Education	67,330	14,370	52,965	1,060,095	251,290	808,800
13. Education	67,330	14,370	52,965	1,060,095	251,290	808,805
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	86,360	39,580	46,785	596,230	268,050	328,180
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10,295	7,570	2,730	99,020	72,865	26,150
50. Visual and performing arts	76,065	32,005	44,055	497,210	195,185	302,025
Humanities	101,440	38,205	63,235	850,840	330,490	520,345
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	12,400	2,990	9,415	98,000	22,100	75,900
23. English language and literature/letters	31,945	10,210	21,735	178,590	52,785	125,810
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	23,775	8,195	15,585	275,525	104,135	171,390
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	665	275	390	4,160	1,640	2,520
38. Philosophy and religious studies	8,015	4,575	3,440	51,930	30,185	21,750
39. Theology and religious vocations	5,475	3,390	2,080	77,490	46,285	31,200
54. History	15,360	7,865	7,495	111,465	59,965	51,500
55. French language and literature/letters	3,800	695	3,100	53,680	13,400	40,290
Social and behavioural sciences and law	215,995	80,305	135,695	1,761,900	586,455	1,175,445
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	3,805	805	3,000	24,685	5,660	19,025
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	27,655	10,905	16,755	182,275	68,030	114,245
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	26,595	2,885	23,710	324,660	26,065	298,595
22. Legal professions and studies	38,050	16,600	21,445	289,600	102,660	186,945
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	3,800	945	2,855	35,445	8,150	27,295
42. Psychology	29,555	7,530	22,020	281,470	71,230	210,230
45. Social sciences	86,530	40,630	45,900	623,775	304,660	319,110
Business, management and public administration	316,575	143,790	172,785	3,360,045	1,272,475	2,087,565
30.16 Accounting and computer science	610	255	350	6,190	1,850	4,340
44. Public administration and social service professions	22,585	5,035	17,545	237,835	48,815	189,015
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	293,385	138,500	154,885	3,116,025	1,221,805	1,894,215
Physical and life sciences and technologies	63,185	30,155	33,035	614,280	315,665	298,615
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	29,170	12,000	17,165	249,955	105,560	144,400
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	13,410	5,860	7,545	125,600	61,685	63,915
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	1,380	425	955	28,155	12,625	15,530
40. Physical sciences	17,275	11,180	6,095	179,305	122,815	56,485
41. Science technologies/technicians	1,955	695	1,265	31,270	12,980	18,290
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	76,440	49,500	26,940	651,480	420,370	231,110
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	57,245	39,505	17,740	514,685	356,435	158,250
25. Library science	3,700	670	3,025	40,820	6,495	34,320
27. Mathematics and statistics	14,350	8,495	5,850	86,655	50,930	35,725
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	1,140	825	315	9,325	6,510	2,815
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	203,235	170,735	32,495	3,327,405	3,022,700	304,700
04. Architecture and related services	18,005	11,125	6,880	114,315	72,880	41,435
14. Engineering	93,105	73,095	20,010	752,465	615,880	136,585
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	31,630	28,215	3,415	620,065	551,855	68,205
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	90	20	60	410	85	325
46. Construction trades	25,275	24,510	765	702,155	682,710	19,445
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	23,105	22,350	755	731,135	709,430	21,705
48. Precision production	12,020	11,410	605	406,855	389,850	17,005
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	14,385	7,115	7,275	339,050	219,040	120,010
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	7,765	4,080	3,685	205,930	127,925	78,005
03. Natural resources and conservation	6,625	3,035	3,590	133,120	91,115	42,005
Health and related fields	161,615	40,265	121,350	2,266,720	441,180	1,825,545
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	12,375	6,250	6,130	164,295	81,260	83,040
51. Health professions and related programs	142,005	30,130	111,870	2,047,680	329,010	1,718,670
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	7,235	3,890	3,345	54,740	30,910	23,830
Personal, protective and transportation services	49,585	24,090	25,495	995,825	507,200	488,630
12. Personal and culinary services	33,385	11,715	21,670	565,555	151,530	414,025
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	210	185	25	3,505	3,080	420
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	220	195	25	7,900	7,230	670
43. Security and protective services	9,475	6,475	3,005	206,745	150,540	56,205
49. Transportation and materials moving	6,290	5,525	765	212,125	194,810	17,315
Other	210	85	130	3,170	885	2,280
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	205	80	125	3,170	890	2,280
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	1,554,815	745,240	809,575	18,931,385	9,268,555	9,662,825
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	476,880	242,535	234,340	6,664,380	3,447,130	3,217,250
Education	48,015	10,310	37,710	727,515	160,315	567,205
13. Education	48,015	10,310	37,710	727,515	160,315	567,200
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	70,630	32,800	37,825	467,905	208,365	259,545
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	8,240	6,095	2,145	74,530	53,995	20,535
50. Visual and performing arts	62,385	26,710	35,680	393,375	154,370	239,005
Humanities	77,355	28,940	48,420	614,815	232,425	382,390
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	9,450	2,160	7,290	76,540	16,200	60,340
23. English language and literature/letters	24,570	7,840	16,730	133,800	38,310	95,485
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	18,350	6,360	11,985	191,005	71,770	119,235
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	545	235	310	3,140	1,250	1,895
38. Philosophy and religious studies	6,215	3,600	2,615	37,870	21,930	15,940
39. Theology and religious vocations	3,875	2,365	1,515	52,295	31,200	21,090
54. History	11,710	5,965	5,745	82,565	43,475	39,085
55. French language and literature/letters	2,645	405	2,240	37,600	8,285	29,315
Social and behavioural sciences and law	176,260	64,440	111,820	1,417,625	453,100	964,525
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	3,110	680	2,430	20,300	4,595	15,705
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	23,490	9,350	14,145	152,080	56,125	95,955
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	20,460	2,080	18,380	259,845	19,160	240,685
22. Legal professions and studies	32,410	13,120	19,285	241,170	76,720	164,445
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	3,140	795	2,340	27,310	6,390	20,920
42. Psychology	23,045	5,665	17,385	218,470	51,570	166,900
45. Social sciences	70,605	32,750	37,850	498,450	238,540	259,915
Business, management and public administration	259,240	116,620	142,625	2,696,770	1,000,895	1,695,875
30.16 Accounting and computer science	525	200	325	4,955	1,480	3,475
44. Public administration and social service professions	18,355	4,125	14,230	192,190	36,890	155,305
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	240,360	112,290	128,070	2,499,625	962,530	1,537,095
Physical and life sciences and technologies	48,020	22,475	25,540	449,870	222,120	227,755
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	22,455	9,165	13,290	195,830	79,945	115,880
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10,355	4,475	5,880	89,205	42,265	46,945
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	1,100	355	745	9,280	3,850	5,430
40. Physical sciences	12,630	7,955	4,685	132,935	87,025	45,905
41. Science technologies/technicians	1,470	525	945	22,625	9,035	13,590
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	66,520	43,645	22,875	567,415	368,840	198,575
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	51,580	35,780	15,795	464,000	321,805	142,190
25. Library science	2,500	490	2,005	29,955	4,870	25,080
27. Mathematics and statistics	11,420	6,635	4,785	65,620	36,895	28,725
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	1,020	735	290	7,840	5,270	2,575
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	154,980	127,815	27,160	2,532,555	2,271,735	260,820
04. Architecture and related services	14,855	8,910	5,940	93,135	57,280	35,850
14. Engineering	75,175	58,020	17,155	612,265	490,980	121,285
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	23,075	20,580	2,495	475,045	418,595	56,450
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	80	20	60	350	70	275
46. Construction trades	17,955	17,415	540	515,630	499,670	15,960
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	16,100	15,580	520	540,800	523,425	17,375
48. Precision production	7,735	7,290	445	295,335	281,715	13,620
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	11,710	5,595	6,120	269,445	167,680	101,770
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	6,170	3,075	3,095	159,975	94,680	65,295
03. Natural resources and conservation	5,545	2,520	3,025	109,470	73,000	36,470
Health and related fields	127,480	31,675	95,805	1,749,545	342,395	1,407,145
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	9,425	4,835	4,585	129,560	63,315	66,245
51. Health professions and related programs	112,440	24,045	88,390	1,576,945	256,895	1,320,050
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	5,620	2,795	2,825	43,040	22,185	20,860
Personal, protective and transportation services	37,545	18,325	19,225	770,950	392,820	378,135
12. Personal and culinary services	24,950	8,690	16,260	431,415	114,395	317,025
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	155	130	25	2,725	2,355	375
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	110	95	15	4,425	3,975	445
43. Security and protective services	7,280	4,910	2,370	162,995	116,750	46,240
49. Transportation and materials moving	5,050	4,495	560	169,400	155,340	14,050
Other	180	70	110	2,590	745	1,845
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	180	70	110	2,585	740	1,845
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	2,294,785	1,092,650	1,202,135	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,585
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	938,430	454,470	483,960	12,815,975	6,354,625	6,461,350
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	1,356,360	638,185	718,175	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,235
Location of study inside Canada	929,295	434,085	495,205	13,117,190	6,299,305	6,817,890
Same as province or territory of residence	844,385	392,995	451,390	11,519,215	5,503,640	6,015,575
Different than province or territory of residence	84,910	41,095	43,815	1,597,975	795,655	802,315
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	427,060	204,095	222,970	2,709,850	1,336,505	1,373,345
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	45,380	24,765	20,620	349,540	189,995	159,545
Philippines	58,780	19,975	38,800	298,830	109,820	189,020
India	42,320	22,130	20,190	281,415	142,410	138,995
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	28,740	15,215	13,535	232,035	131,050	100,980
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	35,475	16,700	18,775	205,375	94,690	110,685
France	4,875	2,630	2,245	88,860	50,400	38,455
Other	211,485	102,685	108,805	1,253,790	618,135	635,655
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	1,554,810	745,235	809,575	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	476,880	242,535	234,340	6,664,380	3,447,125	3,217,250
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	1,077,935	502,705	575,230	12,267,005	5,821,430	6,445,575
Location of study inside Canada	739,730	344,335	395,395	10,134,590	4,807,045	5,327,545
Same as province or territory of residence	671,340	310,865	360,475	8,918,160	4,207,495	4,710,665
Different than province or territory of residence	68,390	33,470	34,920	1,216,425	599,545	616,875
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	338,205	158,365	179,835	2,132,415	1,014,385	1,118,030
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	35,025	18,675	16,350	254,245	131,955	122,290
Philippines	50,685	17,040	33,645	263,095	96,025	167,065
India	36,085	18,480	17,605	239,535	117,445	122,090
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	18,570	9,775	8,800	133,655	73,575	60,085
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	29,550	13,705	15,845	175,825	79,635	96,190
France	4,050	2,180	1,865	72,920	40,610	32,310
Other	164,240	78,510	85,735	993,135	475,145	517,990
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	2,294,790	1,092,655	1,202,135	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,585
In the labour force	1,483,680	758,150	725,530	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,645
Employed	1,361,375	697,365	664,010	17,230,040	8,923,540	8,306,490
Unemployed	122,305	60,785	61,520	1,442,435	808,285	634,150
Not in the labour force	811,105	334,505	476,605	9,970,545	4,258,605	5,711,945
Participation rate	64.7	69.4	60.4	65.2	69.6	61.0
Employment rate	59.3	63.8	55.2	60.2	63.8	56.7
Unemployment rate	8.2	8.0	8.5	7.7	8.3	7.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	2,294,790	1,092,655	1,202,135	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,580
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	791,790	328,280	463,515	9,282,005	3,930,570	5,351,440
Worked	1,502,995	764,375	738,620	19,361,010	10,059,865	9,301,150
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	750,555	409,195	341,360	9,626,010	5,402,110	4,223,895
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	752,445	355,180	397,260	9,735,005	4,657,755	5,077,245
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.3	42.9	41.7	42.4	42.9	42.0
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	1,483,680	758,150	725,530	18,672,470	9,731,825	8,940,640
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	46,135	21,730	24,405	404,350	197,705	206,640
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	1,437,545	736,420	701,125	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000
Employee	1,254,610	621,175	633,435	16,073,685	8,158,745	7,914,940
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	182,930	115,245	67,690	2,194,440	1,375,380	819,060
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	1,483,680	758,150	725,530	18,672,470	9,731,830	8,940,645
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	46,135	21,730	24,405	404,350	197,710	206,640
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	1,437,545	736,420	701,125	18,268,120	9,534,120	8,734,005
0 Management occupations	163,965	95,505	68,460	2,013,370	1,251,165	762,205
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	258,870	98,770	160,100	2,874,305	862,870	2,011,440
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	117,635	88,840	28,795	1,273,660	990,560	283,105
3 Health occupations	84,360	22,000	62,360	1,245,885	244,730	1,001,155
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	186,795	60,360	126,435	2,138,445	672,945	1,465,495
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	80,195	40,685	39,510	557,275	255,705	301,570
6 Sales and service occupations	345,145	163,920	181,220	4,265,895	1,843,510	2,422,390
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	131,110	122,835	8,280	2,668,875	2,504,290	164,585
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	7,555	6,240	1,310	416,135	331,920	84,215
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	61,900	37,255	24,645	814,285	576,435	237,845
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	1,483,680	758,150	725,530	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,640
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	46,135	21,730	24,405	404,350	197,710	206,640
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	1,437,540	736,415	701,125	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	2,095	1,310	785	444,680	310,000	134,675
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	2,045	1,345	695	271,300	219,880	51,420
22 Utilities	5,915	3,855	2,060	136,350	100,135	36,210
23 Construction	76,475	68,340	8,145	1,365,010	1,196,550	168,455
31-33 Manufacturing	105,285	68,745	36,545	1,596,570	1,149,745	446,820
41 Wholesale trade	50,120	31,390	18,725	665,685	451,230	214,455
44-45 Retail trade	141,535	66,885	74,650	2,110,200	984,090	1,126,115
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	57,910	43,835	14,080	876,050	656,375	219,670
51 Information and cultural industries	61,350	35,260	26,090	420,350	243,650	176,705
52 Finance and insurance	120,005	60,090	59,920	790,580	327,865	462,715
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	39,935	22,060	17,880	333,305	184,350	148,955
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	175,685	98,535	77,150	1,335,125	740,520	594,605
55 Management of companies and enterprises	4,085	1,760	2,330	28,795	12,795	16,000
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	78,885	42,905	35,985	802,420	462,825	339,590
61 Educational services	110,275	38,130	72,150	1,346,585	420,845	925,735
62 Health care and social assistance	143,250	32,215	111,035	2,138,025	383,755	1,754,270
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	34,995	18,395	16,600	379,740	192,875	186,865
72 Accommodation and food services	106,910	51,155	55,755	1,283,725	535,210	748,515
81 Other services (except public administration)	67,390	25,505	41,880	814,695	371,880	442,815
91 Public administration	53,395	24,710	28,680	1,128,945	589,530	539,405
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	1,361,375	697,365	664,005	17,230,035	8,923,540	8,306,495
Worked at home	101,275	52,165	49,115	1,272,285	639,500	632,785
Worked outside Canada	9,045	5,800	3,240	78,815	54,235	24,580
No fixed workplace address	156,250	108,040	48,210	1,987,260	1,487,445	499,820
Worked at usual place	1,094,805	531,360	563,445	13,891,675	6,742,360	7,149,315
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	1,094,800	531,360	563,445	13,891,680	6,742,365	7,149,315
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	884,040	405,530	478,505	8,102,115	3,723,115	4,379,005
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	0	0	0	2,906,390	1,435,640	1,470,750
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	208,165	124,305	83,855	2,725,205	1,492,170	1,233,030
Commute to a different province or territory	2,605	1,520	1,080	157,970	91,445	66,525
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	1,251,055	639,405	611,650	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135
Car, truck, van - as a driver	575,260	348,270	226,990	11,748,095	6,380,120	5,367,975
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	57,170	21,245	35,925	868,920	349,855	519,065
Public transit	463,005	192,300	270,705	1,968,215	846,735	1,121,485
Walked	107,665	49,540	58,125	877,985	392,950	485,030
Bicycle	34,355	21,245	13,110	222,130	146,615	75,515
Other method	13,605	6,800	6,805	193,595	113,525	80,060
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	1,251,055	639,400	611,655	15,878,945	8,229,810	7,649,130
Less than 15 minutes	152,755	74,720	78,035	4,449,920	2,071,365	2,378,555
15 to 29 minutes	354,570	183,060	171,510	5,314,295	2,725,165	2,589,130
30 to 44 minutes	359,230	189,620	169,610	3,228,845	1,782,680	1,446,165
45 to 59 minutes	181,675	90,685	90,990	1,391,060	768,115	622,940
60 minutes and over	202,830	101,320	101,510	1,494,830	882,485	612,345
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	1,251,055	639,400	611,655	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	56,235	38,495	17,740	1,073,680	781,230	292,455
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	162,435	96,815	65,620	2,814,750	1,754,045	1,060,710
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	305,355	146,795	158,560	4,458,835	2,217,210	2,241,620
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	335,840	156,755	179,085	3,349,975	1,408,710	1,941,265
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	200,780	97,300	103,480	1,756,265	752,940	1,003,325
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	190,410	103,240	87,165	2,425,435	1,315,670	1,109,765
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	1,559,535	792,290	767,240	19,956,255	10,342,970	9,613,285
Single responses	1,522,980	774,885	748,100	19,365,980	10,042,855	9,323,130
Official languages	1,476,170	749,750	726,425	19,090,545	9,897,470	9,193,075
English	1,469,910	747,820	722,090	15,265,335	7,952,010	7,313,320
French	6,255	1,925	4,330	3,825,215	1,945,465	1,879,750
Non-official languages	46,810	25,135	21,675	275,430	145,380	130,055
Aboriginal languages	10	10	0	24,950	12,385	12,565
Algonquian languages	10	0	10	14,440	7,370	7,070
Blackfoot	0	0	0	80	45	35
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	0	0	11,540	5,820	5,720
Atikamekw	0	0	0	1,095	580	515
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	2,055	970	1,085
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	370	180	190
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	40	25	10
Plains Cree	0	0	0	95	60	35
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	15	10	0
Woods Cree	10	0	0	75	35	40
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	7,795	3,965	3,835
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	925	510	420
Malecite	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	915	505	410
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	1,895	995	900
Algonquin	0	0	0	45	20	25
Ojibway	0	0	0	765	380	385
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	1,080	595	485
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	1,140	530	610
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	1,135	525	610
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	20	0	15
Chilcotin	0	0	0	20	0	10
Dene	0	0	0	770	360	405
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	165	80	80
Gwich'in	0	0	0	10	10	10
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	135	65	70
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	95	45	45
South Slavey	0	0	0	35	20	20
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	10
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	10	0	10
Inuit languages	0	0	0	8,845	4,255	4,595
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	35	10	25
Inuktitut	0	0	0	8,800	4,240	4,555
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	35	10	30
Cayuga	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	35	10	25
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	10	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	110	25	85
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	15	10	10
Lillooet	0	0	0	15	10	10
Okanagan	0	0	0	20	10	20
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	35	0	30
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	15	0	15
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	260	155	105
Dakota	0	0	0	20	10	10
Stoney	0	0	0	240	145	95
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	10	10	10
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	25	0	20
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Nisga'a	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Wakashan languages	0	10	0	35	15	20
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	30	15	15
Non-Aboriginal languages	46,805	25,130	21,675	250,485	132,990	117,490
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,030	620	405	7,380	4,530	2,850
Berber languages	0	0	0	35	10	30
Kabyle	0	0	0	20	0	20
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	15
Cushitic languages	95	40	50	275	105	170
Bilen	0	0	0	10	10	10
Oromo	20	10	10	45	25	20
Somali	80	35	40	220	80	145
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	930	580	350	7,065	4,420	2,650
Amharic	55	20	35	200	95	100
Arabic	560	385	180	5,585	3,695	1,890
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	85	75	15	205	155	55
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	30	20	15
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	160	60	100	825	335	490
Maltese	25	15	10	25	15	10
Tigrigna	40	20	15	135	70	60
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	65	35	30
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	10	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,055	460	595	8,550	3,790	4,760
Khmer (Cambodian)	40	25	15	475	230	245
Vietnamese	1,020	435	585	8,070	3,560	4,510
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	635	235	400	3,850	1,750	2,095
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	15	0	10	75	20	55
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	25	0	15
Ilocano	15	10	10	110	50	60
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	20	10	10	140	75	65
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	0	10	10	0	10
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	580	215	365	3,450	1,580	1,875
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	25	15
Creole languages	10	10	0	350	125	225
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	25	10	15
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	315	110	200
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	15	0	10
Dravidian languages	1,090	550	540	2,225	1,060	1,165
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	20	10	15	90	50	45
Tamil	1,060	540	520	2,090	1,005	1,080
Telugu	10	0	0	45	10	35
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Indo-European languages	13,005	7,335	5,675	85,550	47,305	38,245
Albanian	145	80	70	350	220	125
Armenian	110	55	60	450	220	230
Balto-Slavic languages	2,385	1,185	1,200	10,075	4,745	5,330
Baltic languages	30	10	25	95	35	60
Latvian	10	10	0	40	10	25
Lithuanian	20	0	20	60	25	30
Slavic languages	2,355	1,180	1,175	9,980	4,710	5,270
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	10	0	155	90	65
Bulgarian	80	45	35	205	110	90
Croatian	45	30	20	220	130	95
Czech	10	0	10	70	40	30
Macedonian	25	15	10	95	45	55
Polish	500	270	230	2,500	1,265	1,235
Russian	1,110	520	590	4,850	2,135	2,720
Serbian	105	65	40	530	320	210
Serbo-Croatian	15	10	10	30	25	0
Slovak	45	30	15	100	60	40
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Ukrainian	400	175	225	1,210	485	725
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	10	10	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	25	20	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	15	15	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Germanic languages	245	100	145	13,285	7,455	5,835
Afrikaans	0	0	0	85	40	40
Danish	10	0	10	90	50	35
Dutch	35	30	0	1,165	630	540
Frisian	0	0	0	40	25	15
German	150	45	110	10,065	5,715	4,345
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	10	0
Norwegian	10	10	0	65	30	40
Swedish	20	10	10	125	55	70
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	10	0	35	20	15
Yiddish	10	10	10	895	390	505
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	720	495	225
Greek	275	150	125	1,020	545	475
Indo-Iranian languages	2,775	1,645	1,130	37,330	21,140	16,190
Indo-Aryan languages	1,375	730	645	32,485	18,125	14,360
Bengali	255	125	130	530	275	245
Gujarati	185	60	130	880	300	585
Hindi	180	110	70	1,405	755	650
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	10	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	30	15	15
Nepali	30	10	15	195	95	100
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	410	230	175	27,870	15,945	11,920
Sindhi	0	0	0	35	10	30
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	0	10	40	25	20
Urdu	300	180	120	1,495	705	790
Iranian languages	1,400	915	490	4,820	3,000	1,815
Kurdish	55	55	0	185	150	40
Pashto	0	0	10	50	20	25
Persian (Farsi)	1,335	865	475	4,580	2,830	1,750
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	15
Italic (Romance) languages	7,070	4,125	2,940	23,025	12,965	10,060
Catalan	10	10	0	30	10	20
Italian	435	230	205	1,705	895	805
Portuguese	4,035	2,615	1,425	7,490	4,795	2,695
Romanian	90	40	50	745	365	380
Spanish	2,490	1,235	1,250	13,030	6,885	6,145
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	25	10	10
Japanese	605	185	415	3,255	1,195	2,065
Kartvelian languages	10	10	0	30	10	20
Georgian	0	10	0	30	10	20
Korean	2,700	1,390	1,305	12,150	6,260	5,885
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Niger-Congo languages	60	30	30	235	120	115
Akan (Twi)	15	0	20	25	10	20
Bamanankan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ganda	20	10	10	20	10	10
Igbo	0	0	0	10	10	0
Lingala	0	0	0	10	0	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	25	0	15
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	10	0	80	50	30
Wolof	10	0	0	10	0	10
Yoruba	0	0	0	15	0	15
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	15	0	30	20	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	170	80	90	1,920	740	1,180
American Sign Language	115	35	80	1,145	340	810
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	135	15	115
Sign languages, n.i.e	60	45	10	640	390	255
Sino-Tibetan languages	25,780	13,850	11,930	122,880	65,030	57,850
Chinese languages	25,735	13,825	11,910	122,610	64,880	57,730
Cantonese	11,875	6,245	5,630	58,815	30,485	28,340
Hakka	10	0	0	70	25	45
Mandarin	13,210	7,270	5,940	60,090	32,430	27,665
Min Dong	0	0	10	25	15	10
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	100	60	45	565	335	225
Wu (Shanghainese)	10	10	0	105	65	45
Chinese, n.o.s.	520	230	285	2,930	1,530	1,405
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	45	25	20	270	155	115
Burmese	10	0	0	75	35	35
Karenic languages	0	0	0	135	75	55
Tibetan	35	25	10	50	30	20
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tai-Kadai languages	65	30	35	675	270	405
Lao	10	0	10	150	70	80
Thai	55	30	30	525	205	325
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	350	235	115	750	475	275
Azerbaijani	10	10	10	30	20	0
Turkish	335	220	115	685	435	255
Uyghur	10	0	0	15	15	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	15	10	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	255	110	140	595	270	325
Estonian	45	10	35	50	15	40
Finnish	30	10	25	105	40	65
Hungarian	175	90	85	435	225	215
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	80	45	35
Multiple responses	36,550	17,410	19,145	590,270	300,115	290,155
English and French	8,130	3,340	4,785	412,680	211,095	201,585
English and non-official language	27,800	13,775	14,025	154,285	77,870	76,420
French and non-official language	35	15	25	7,830	3,595	4,235
English, French and non-official language	585	285	305	15,475	7,565	7,915
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	1,559,535	792,295	767,240	19,956,250	10,342,970	9,613,290
None	1,428,870	727,740	701,130	17,456,725	9,056,235	8,400,490
English	22,480	10,985	11,500	1,259,225	661,460	597,765
French	27,840	12,335	15,500	705,780	349,035	356,745
Non-official language	77,850	40,035	37,820	496,565	257,455	239,105
Aboriginal	105	25	85	37,615	17,215	20,400
Non-Aboriginal	77,740	40,005	37,735	458,945	240,245	218,710
English and French	55	35	25	2,535	1,200	1,335
English and non-official language	445	225	220	18,040	8,765	9,280
French and non-official language	1,975	920	1,050	17,265	8,730	8,540
English, French and non-official language	20	15	0	115	90	30
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	2,663,555	1,281,735	1,381,820	34,091,785	16,783,745	17,308,035
Non-movers	2,284,060	1,094,980	1,189,075	29,644,795	14,593,190	15,051,605
Movers	379,490	186,750	192,740	4,446,990	2,190,555	2,256,435
Non-migrants	253,780	124,200	129,580	2,623,515	1,292,750	1,330,760
Migrants	125,710	62,555	63,165	1,823,475	897,805	925,670
Internal migrants	65,770	32,410	33,360	1,451,005	713,060	737,945
Intraprovincial migrants	49,990	24,575	25,415	1,189,525	580,895	608,630
Interprovincial migrants	15,780	7,835	7,945	261,475	132,160	129,315
External migrants	59,940	30,135	29,810	372,475	184,745	187,730
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	2,556,120	1,226,455	1,329,665	32,568,560	16,004,315	16,564,245
Non-movers	1,516,110	718,935	797,170	20,134,760	9,902,645	10,232,115
Movers	1,040,010	507,515	532,495	12,433,805	6,101,675	6,332,130
Non-migrants	639,060	310,250	328,815	6,755,630	3,314,730	3,440,905
Migrants	400,955	197,265	203,690	5,678,175	2,786,945	2,891,230
Internal migrants	184,120	89,710	94,410	4,296,720	2,104,325	2,192,395
Intraprovincial migrants	141,135	68,975	72,160	3,467,670	1,689,950	1,777,720
Interprovincial migrants	42,985	20,735	22,250	829,045	414,375	414,670
External migrants	216,830	107,555	109,275	1,381,460	682,625	698,835