Census Profile, 2016 Census
Lower Mainland--Southwest [Economic region], British Columbia and British Columbia [Province]

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Lower Mainland--Southwest British Columbia [Economic region]			British Columbia [Province]
	Data quality , Lower Mainland--Southwest [Economic region], British Columbia  Map : Lower Mainland--Southwest [Economic region], British Columbia Change geography 1			Data quality : British Columbia [Province]  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	2,832,000	...	...	4,648,055	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	2,657,713 r	...	...	4,400,057	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	6.6	...	...	5.6	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	1,185,037	...	...	2,063,417	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	1,099,698	...	...	1,881,969	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	78.0	...	...	5.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	36,303.31	...	...	922,503.01	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	2,832,000	1,385,250	1,446,745	4,648,055	2,278,245	2,369,815
0 to 14 years	426,565	220,025	206,535	691,390	355,400	335,985
0 to 4 years	137,035	70,665	66,370	220,625	113,355	107,275
5 to 9 years	145,140	75,025	70,115	236,900	122,070	114,830
10 to 14 years	144,395	74,340	70,050	233,860	119,975	113,885
15 to 64 years	1,951,420	957,425	993,995	3,107,680	1,527,280	1,580,400
15 to 19 years	163,615	84,180	79,435	258,980	133,000	125,985
20 to 24 years	188,560	96,505	92,060	287,560	147,615	139,945
25 to 29 years	201,755	100,410	101,345	303,000	151,585	151,415
30 to 34 years	206,890	101,985	104,910	313,750	155,035	158,715
35 to 39 years	191,215	92,570	98,650	293,590	143,070	150,520
40 to 44 years	191,610	91,030	100,580	295,045	141,930	153,115
45 to 49 years	208,560	99,900	108,660	322,365	155,325	167,040
50 to 54 years	217,900	106,435	111,470	354,375	172,065	182,310
55 to 59 years	203,870	98,630	105,240	354,925	171,210	183,715
60 to 64 years	177,430	85,785	91,645	324,095	156,450	167,645
65 years and over	454,020	207,800	246,220	848,985	395,560	453,425
65 to 69 years	153,355	73,380	79,975	287,520	139,490	148,035
70 to 74 years	105,975	50,555	55,425	201,785	97,675	104,110
75 to 79 years	77,930	35,965	41,965	145,225	68,715	76,510
80 to 84 years	57,030	25,825	31,210	105,255	48,645	56,610
85 years and over	59,720	22,070	37,645	109,190	41,035	68,155
85 to 89 years	36,760	14,920	21,840	67,510	27,930	39,575
90 to 94 years	17,290	5,740	11,545	31,815	10,615	21,205
95 to 99 years	4,835	1,230	3,605	8,545	2,215	6,330
100 years and over	835	180	655	1,325	275	1,050
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.1	15.9	14.3	14.9	15.6	14.2
15 to 64 years	68.9	69.1	68.7	66.9	67.0	66.7
65 years and over	16.0	15.0	17.0	18.3	17.4	19.1
85 years and over	2.1	1.6	2.6	2.3	1.8	2.9
Average age of the population	41.0	40.1	41.9	42.3	41.5	43.1
Median age of the population	41.0	39.8	42.0	43.0	41.9	44.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	1,099,700	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
Single-detached house	357,895	...	...	830,660	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	161,655	...	...	177,830	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	572,070	...	...	824,190	...	...
Semi-detached house	24,985	...	...	57,395	...	...
Row house	106,955	...	...	147,830	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	172,450	...	...	230,075	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	266,175	...	...	385,140	...	...
Other single-attached house	1,500	...	...	3,755	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	8,075	...	...	49,290	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	1,099,700	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
1 person	310,905	...	...	541,910	...	...
2 persons	349,285	...	...	663,770	...	...
3 persons	172,935	...	...	277,690	...	...
4 persons	157,590	...	...	243,125	...	...
5 or more persons	108,985	...	...	155,470	...	...
Number of persons in private households	2,785,950	...	...	4,560,240	...	...
Average household size	2.5	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	2,405,435	1,165,225	1,240,210	3,956,665	1,922,840	2,033,825
Married or living common law	1,375,715	685,820	689,895	2,297,325	1,146,175	1,151,150
Married	1,187,600	591,000	596,605	1,925,345	959,690	965,645
Living common law	188,115	94,820	93,295	371,985	186,485	185,505
Not married and not living common law	1,029,720	479,405	550,315	1,659,335	776,660	882,675
Never married	704,075	375,990	328,085	1,076,085	582,975	493,110
Separated	59,290	24,410	34,880	105,700	45,225	60,475
Divorced	147,960	55,515	92,445	263,870	103,475	160,395
Widowed	118,390	23,485	94,910	213,685	44,990	168,700
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	783,325	...	...	1,311,340	...	...
2 persons	382,340	...	...	703,685	...	...
3 persons	178,990	...	...	275,965	...	...
4 persons	165,005	...	...	243,960	...	...
5 or more persons	56,990	...	...	87,730	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	783,320	...	...	1,311,345	...	...
Total couple families	663,130	...	...	1,113,405	...	...
Married couples	569,090	...	...	927,440	...	...
Common-law couples	94,040	...	...	185,960	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	120,190	...	...	197,940	...	...
Female parent	96,730	...	...	155,670	...	...
Male parent	23,460	...	...	42,265	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	663,135	...	...	1,113,400	...	...
Couples without children	306,065	...	...	577,790	...	...
Couples with children	357,065	...	...	535,610	...	...
1 child	145,235	...	...	221,065	...	...
2 children	157,010	...	...	230,705	...	...
3 or more children	54,820	...	...	83,840	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	120,190	...	...	197,940	...	...
1 child	76,275	...	...	125,890	...	...
2 children	33,755	...	...	54,900	...	...
3 or more children	10,165	...	...	17,145	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	523,050	244,290	278,755	882,895	418,495	464,405
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	1,099,700	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
One-census-family households	692,915	...	...	1,195,735	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	267,200	...	...	527,700	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	425,720	...	...	668,035	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	43,235	...	...	55,620	...	...
Non-census-family households	363,545	...	...	630,620	...	...
One-person households	310,905	...	...	541,915	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	52,640	...	...	88,705	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	2,803,495	1,371,550	1,431,945	4,598,415	2,255,395	2,343,015
English only	2,463,925	1,224,910	1,239,015	4,127,770	2,050,130	2,077,645
French only	1,215	580	630	1,810	820	985
English and French	192,685	85,790	106,895	314,925	140,650	174,275
Neither English nor French	145,670	60,275	85,395	153,910	63,795	90,115
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	2,803,495	1,371,550	1,431,945	4,598,415	2,255,395	2,343,020
English	2,614,385	1,290,090	1,324,290	4,373,330	2,156,680	2,216,655
French	29,945	15,035	14,915	55,325	27,680	27,640
English and French	15,285	7,020	8,260	18,000	8,315	9,685
Neither English nor French	143,885	59,405	84,475	151,760	62,720	89,040
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	37,590	18,545	19,045	64,325	31,840	32,480
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	1.3	1.4	1.3	1.4	1.4	1.4
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	2,803,495	1,371,550	1,431,945	4,598,415	2,255,400	2,343,015
Single responses	2,719,185	1,330,900	1,388,280	4,494,995	2,205,775	2,289,220
Official languages	1,628,860	821,870	806,990	3,227,535	1,614,375	1,613,160
English	1,599,230	806,985	792,245	3,170,110	1,585,760	1,584,355
French	29,630	14,880	14,745	57,425	28,615	28,810
Non-official languages	1,090,325	509,030	581,290	1,267,460	591,400	676,060
Aboriginal languages	1,400	650	755	8,435	3,940	4,490
Algonquian languages	385	160	225	1,050	445	605
Blackfoot	20	0	20	40	5	35
Cree-Montagnais languages	270	125	140	840	375	465
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	5	5	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	10	0	10
Plains Cree	45	15	30	150	60	85
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	20	5	5	25	15	10
Woods Cree	20	10	5	60	25	35
Cree, n.o.s.	175	80	95	585	270	320
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	5	5	10	5	10
Malecite	0	0	0	5	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	5	0	10	5	5
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	85	30	60	155	55	105
Algonquin	0	0	0	5	5	0
Ojibway	80	30	50	135	50	90
Oji-Cree	5	0	5	10	0	10
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	120	50	70	2,310	1,045	1,260
Northern Athabaskan languages	115	50	65	2,295	1,045	1,250
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	5	0	5	110	55	55
Beaver	0	0	0	160	75	85
Carrier	45	15	25	1,005	460	550
Chilcotin	30	15	10	650	295	355
Dene	20	10	10	90	35	50
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Gwich'in	10	10	0	15	5	10
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Sekani	5	0	0	85	40	45
Slavey-Hare languages	5	0	5	75	30	45
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	5	5	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	20	5	15
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	50	25	30
Tahltan languages	5	0	0	105	45	50
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	15	10	5
Tahltan	0	0	0	90	40	50
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	5	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	5	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	15	5	10
Haida	15	5	0	70	30	40
Inuit languages	25	10	15	80	30	55
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	5	0	0	10	0	10
Inuktitut	15	5	10	50	20	30
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	20	10	10
Iroquoian languages	5	0	0	15	10	5
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	5	0	0	10	5	5
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	5	100	55	50
Michif	10	10	5	35	20	10
Salish languages	560	280	275	2,270	1,115	1,155
Comox	0	0	5	80	45	40
Halkomelem	75	40	35	475	230	245
Lillooet	300	150	150	315	155	160
Okanagan	5	5	5	270	135	135
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	15	15	5	435	220	215
Squamish	35	15	15	35	20	20
Straits	0	0	0	80	40	40
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	35	15	20	330	150	185
Salish languages, n.i.e.	95	50	45	250	130	120
Siouan languages	25	15	15	45	25	20
Dakota	20	10	10	30	15	20
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	5
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	5	5	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	30	15	15
Tsimshian languages	100	40	55	1,460	715	740
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	50	20	30	875	435	445
Nisga'a	25	15	15	385	195	190
Tsimshian	20	10	15	195	90	110
Wakashan languages	70	30	40	795	365	435
Haisla	10	5	5	90	40	55
Heiltsuk	20	10	15	100	45	55
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	25	10	15	320	140	180
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	10	5	5	275	135	140
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	10	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	85	45	45	190	80	110
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,088,920	508,380	580,540	1,259,025	587,455	671,570
Afro-Asiatic languages	21,410	11,395	10,015	24,870	13,405	11,465
Berber languages	100	65	35	115	75	45
Kabyle	35	25	10	40	30	15
Berber languages, n.i.e.	65	40	25	80	45	30
Cushitic languages	1,370	685	685	1,505	765	740
Bilen	5	5	0	5	0	0
Oromo	175	100	75	205	115	95
Somali	1,175	580	600	1,270	640	640
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	20	10	15
Semitic languages	19,900	10,620	9,275	23,195	12,540	10,655
Amharic	1,165	570	595	1,370	670	700
Arabic	14,875	8,035	6,840	17,480	9,595	7,890
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	635	310	325	650	315	330
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	435	240	200	440	245	200
Harari	25	10	15	20	5	15
Hebrew	1,805	985	825	2,065	1,125	940
Maltese	100	45	55	215	100	115
Tigrigna	705	350	360	805	395	405
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	145	80	65	150	80	65
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	45	25	20	55	30	25
Austro-Asiatic languages	25,495	11,685	13,810	28,740	13,170	15,575
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,255	570	685	1,560	710	850
Vietnamese	24,205	11,100	13,105	27,150	12,440	14,710
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	35	15	20	30	15	15
Austronesian languages	84,740	34,635	50,105	96,535	38,765	57,770
Bikol	320	140	175	375	165	215
Cebuano	3,340	1,325	2,015	4,065	1,565	2,505
Fijian	425	215	210	470	240	230
Hiligaynon	1,310	490	820	1,470	550	920
Ilocano	4,725	1,870	2,855	5,240	2,055	3,190
Malagasy	15	5	10	20	10	15
Malay	3,575	1,570	2,005	3,895	1,675	2,220
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	645	295	345	700	320	380
Pangasinan	275	120	155	295	130	170
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	69,045	28,155	40,895	78,770	31,550	47,220
Waray-Waray	180	70	110	215	85	135
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	880	380	500	1,015	435	580
Creole languages	690	355	330	840	440	400
Haitian Creole	30	20	10	35	20	15
Creole, n.o.s.	420	205	210	500	255	245
Creole languages, n.i.e.	245	130	110	305	155	145
Dravidian languages	6,425	3,395	3,025	7,500	3,995	3,510
Kannada	235	120	115	280	150	135
Malayalam	1,850	955	900	2,385	1,260	1,130
Tamil	3,320	1,720	1,600	3,615	1,875	1,740
Telugu	975	580	400	1,175	695	480
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	45	20	25	45	20	25
Hmong-Mien languages	135	70	65	140	75	70
Indo-European languages	473,365	231,000	242,370	588,175	286,135	302,035
Albanian	1,225	630	590	1,465	765	705
Armenian	1,100	545	555	1,195	600	600
Balto-Slavic languages	61,285	28,650	32,635	83,110	38,595	44,515
Baltic languages	700	295	405	1,070	485	585
Latvian	355	160	195	565	255	300
Lithuanian	350	140	205	505	225	280
Slavic languages	60,585	28,355	32,230	82,040	38,110	43,930
Belarusan	65	35	35	95	45	50
Bosnian	1,225	610	610	1,360	675	685
Bulgarian	1,770	825	945	2,025	955	1,070
Croatian	5,645	2,735	2,910	7,475	3,655	3,820
Czech	4,025	1,925	2,100	5,920	2,850	3,070
Macedonian	255	125	135	325	160	165
Polish	12,975	6,090	6,890	16,910	7,875	9,035
Russian	19,060	8,655	10,410	25,955	11,640	14,310
Serbian	6,395	3,275	3,120	7,045	3,600	3,450
Serbo-Croatian	1,170	555	615	1,395	670	725
Slovak	2,610	1,165	1,445	3,400	1,525	1,870
Slovene (Slovenian)	605	285	320	1,160	545	615
Ukrainian	4,585	1,980	2,605	8,630	3,730	4,900
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	195	95	95	345	175	170
Celtic languages	350	185	160	615	325	290
Scottish Gaelic	140	70	65	240	130	110
Welsh	140	75	65	280	145	135
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	70	40	30	95	50	45
Germanic languages	52,285	24,765	27,515	101,725	48,350	53,380
Afrikaans	1,735	870	860	3,260	1,655	1,610
Danish	2,515	1,245	1,275	4,665	2,280	2,385
Dutch	11,210	5,405	5,805	21,020	10,130	10,895
Frisian	155	75	85	295	145	145
German	33,475	15,695	17,785	66,885	31,525	35,360
Icelandic	180	80	95	275	135	145
Norwegian	1,015	500	520	2,005	970	1,035
Swedish	1,490	650	845	2,520	1,100	1,420
Vlaams (Flemish)	230	115	110	445	220	225
Yiddish	225	115	105	290	150	140
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	40	25	15	65	45	25
Greek	5,095	2,640	2,455	6,115	3,245	2,870
Indo-Iranian languages	276,335	136,855	139,485	297,800	147,830	149,970
Indo-Aryan languages	231,470	114,305	117,165	251,000	124,260	126,740
Bengali	2,720	1,415	1,305	3,180	1,665	1,510
Gujarati	6,410	3,030	3,380	6,895	3,290	3,605
Hindi	25,065	11,975	13,090	26,720	12,910	13,810
Kashmiri	45	30	20	65	35	25
Konkani	230	115	110	255	130	125
Marathi	545	290	260	620	325	295
Nepali	950	500	445	1,155	620	540
Oriya (Odia)	65	35	30	70	35	35
Punjabi (Panjabi)	183,165	90,735	92,435	198,805	98,525	100,285
Sindhi	1,595	740	855	1,675	780	895
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	1,515	755	760	1,675	845	830
Urdu	9,170	4,685	4,480	9,885	5,090	4,795
Iranian languages	44,500	22,360	22,145	46,390	23,355	23,035
Kurdish	1,715	910	805	1,765	945	825
Pashto	1,075	570	505	1,155	615	535
Persian (Farsi)	41,705	20,875	20,835	43,470	21,795	21,675
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	370	190	175	410	220	195
Italic (Romance) languages	75,690	36,725	38,970	96,135	46,430	49,710
Catalan	130	75	60	160	85	75
Italian	16,075	8,070	8,010	22,680	11,445	11,230
Portuguese	12,445	5,880	6,565	17,450	8,240	9,210
Romanian	7,790	3,800	3,990	8,730	4,250	4,480
Spanish	39,190	18,865	20,330	47,010	22,335	24,675
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	65	40	25	105	65	40
Japanese	17,795	6,085	11,715	21,350	7,195	14,150
Kartvelian languages	65	35	25	85	50	35
Georgian	65	35	25	85	50	40
Korean	47,895	21,580	26,315	52,160	23,495	28,670
Mongolic languages	345	150	200	360	150	205
Mongolian	345	145	200	360	155	210
Niger-Congo languages	2,845	1,430	1,415	3,725	1,875	1,850
Akan (Twi)	420	230	190	495	275	220
Bamanankan	10	5	5	10	5	5
Edo	85	45	35	85	50	35
Ewe	60	30	25	85	45	35
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	20	15	5	45	25	20
Ga	30	15	20	45	20	25
Ganda	70	35	30	90	45	45
Igbo	165	100	65	245	145	105
Lingala	60	20	30	80	30	45
Rundi (Kirundi)	105	40	55	115	50	60
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	105	45	55	155	70	80
Shona	160	70	85	215	100	115
Swahili	650	320	330	805	400	405
Wolof	30	10	20	50	25	25
Yoruba	225	130	95	330	185	150
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	670	305	360	885	410	480
Nilo-Saharan languages	305	155	155	340	175	165
Dinka	90	55	35	105	60	45
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	215	95	115	240	115	125
Sign languages	720	380	335	1,155	610	545
American Sign Language	300	150	150	470	230	240
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	5	0	5
Sign languages, n.i.e	415	230	185	690	380	305
Sino-Tibetan languages	390,745	178,580	212,160	410,920	187,725	223,190
Chinese languages	388,415	177,415	211,000	408,415	186,455	221,960
Cantonese	185,300	85,535	99,765	193,530	89,325	104,210
Hakka	2,210	970	1,245	2,325	1,010	1,315
Mandarin	176,645	80,060	96,585	186,325	84,370	101,955
Min Dong	225	105	120	230	105	120
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10,765	4,800	5,965	11,210	4,995	6,215
Wu (Shanghainese)	4,360	1,920	2,445	4,540	1,995	2,545
Chinese, n.o.s.	8,710	3,945	4,770	10,050	4,570	5,480
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	195	80	115	205	85	120
Tibeto-Burman languages	2,330	1,165	1,160	2,500	1,265	1,230
Burmese	1,045	530	515	1,125	580	545
Karenic languages	785	380	405	815	395	425
Tibetan	275	140	135	330	175	160
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	220	115	110	230	120	110
Tai-Kadai languages	3,100	1,120	1,980	3,985	1,335	2,650
Lao	1,025	515	515	1,100	550	550
Thai	2,055	595	1,460	2,865	775	2,090
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	15	10	10	20	10	15
Turkic languages	3,785	2,080	1,700	4,140	2,295	1,845
Azerbaijani	500	275	220	530	290	235
Turkish	2,845	1,605	1,235	3,145	1,790	1,360
Uyghur	165	85	85	170	85	85
Uzbek	100	45	50	105	50	55
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	175	75	100	190	80	110
Uralic languages	8,670	4,040	4,630	13,490	6,285	7,205
Estonian	490	210	280	705	295	410
Finnish	2,205	905	1,300	3,760	1,555	2,200
Hungarian	5,970	2,925	3,050	9,025	4,435	4,590
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	395	210	185	500	280	225
Multiple responses	84,315	40,655	43,665	103,415	49,625	53,795
English and French	5,985	2,890	3,095	10,065	4,815	5,250
English and non-official language	74,945	36,180	38,765	89,135	42,820	46,315
French and non-official language	1,655	805	855	2,100	1,040	1,065
English, French and non-official language	1,735	780	950	2,115	950	1,165
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	2,803,495	1,371,550	1,431,945	4,598,415	2,255,395	2,343,015
Single responses	2,602,790	1,275,740	1,327,050	4,365,875	2,145,020	2,220,855
Official languages	1,945,020	966,960	978,060	3,648,500	1,807,825	1,840,675
English	1,935,230	962,115	973,115	3,631,700	1,799,625	1,832,075
French	9,790	4,850	4,940	16,795	8,195	8,605
Non-official languages	657,770	308,775	348,990	717,375	337,200	380,180
Aboriginal languages	160	70	90	1,565	765	795
Algonquian languages	30	10	20	105	50	55
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	5	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	20	5	10	85	40	45
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	5	5	0	15	10	10
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	5
Cree, n.o.s.	20	5	10	60	30	30
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	5	0	10	5	5
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	10	5	5	15	5	5
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	20	10	10	610	290	320
Northern Athabaskan languages	20	5	15	605	290	315
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Beaver	0	0	0	40	20	20
Carrier	5	5	10	245	110	130
Chilcotin	0	0	0	260	125	130
Dene	5	0	5	15	5	10
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	15	10	5
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	5	5	0	10	5	5
Inuit languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	10	0	5
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Iroquoian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	15	10	5
Michif	0	0	0	0	5	0
Salish languages	55	30	30	275	130	150
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	10	0	5	50	20	30
Lillooet	30	15	15	25	15	15
Okanagan	0	0	0	85	35	45
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	5	5	5	50	30	20
Squamish	5	5	5	5	5	0
Straits	0	0	0	25	10	15
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	5	5	0	20	10	10
Salish languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	20	10	10
Siouan languages	10	5	5	15	10	5
Dakota	10	5	0	10	10	5
Stoney	0	0	0	5	5	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	20	5	10	405	215	195
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	10	5	5	310	155	155
Nisga'a	10	0	5	70	45	25
Tsimshian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Wakashan languages	5	0	5	75	40	35
Haisla	0	0	0	20	10	15
Heiltsuk	0	0	5	5	5	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	5	25	10	10
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	5	0	0	30	15	10
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	20	10	10	45	15	25
Non-Aboriginal languages	657,605	308,700	348,900	715,815	336,435	379,380
Afro-Asiatic languages	12,260	6,145	6,115	13,990	7,065	6,920
Berber languages	40	20	20	45	25	20
Kabyle	20	10	10	20	10	15
Berber languages, n.i.e.	20	15	10	25	15	10
Cushitic languages	700	315	380	770	355	415
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	80	40	35	90	50	45
Somali	610	270	345	665	300	360
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	15	5	10
Semitic languages	11,515	5,805	5,705	13,155	6,680	6,475
Amharic	540	250	290	600	275	320
Arabic	8,995	4,560	4,430	10,415	5,335	5,080
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	400	200	205	405	195	210
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	310	165	145	310	165	145
Harari	10	5	5	10	5	5
Hebrew	795	410	390	900	465	440
Maltese	5	5	0	15	5	10
Tigrigna	360	170	190	410	190	225
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	95	45	50	95	45	50
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	20	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages	15,890	7,370	8,520	17,870	8,305	9,560
Khmer (Cambodian)	635	295	335	800	375	420
Vietnamese	15,240	7,060	8,175	17,055	7,920	9,130
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	15	10	10	15	10	5
Austronesian languages	36,345	16,075	20,270	40,605	17,945	22,660
Bikol	70	30	35	75	30	35
Cebuano	1,120	505	615	1,305	585	715
Fijian	110	55	55	110	65	55
Hiligaynon	375	160	215	415	175	240
Ilocano	1,500	640	855	1,615	695	930
Malagasy	5	5	5	10	5	10
Malay	1,065	490	580	1,120	510	605
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	140	65	70	150	70	80
Pangasinan	55	25	30	55	25	30
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	31,570	13,940	17,630	35,375	15,600	19,770
Waray-Waray	55	25	30	55	25	35
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	290	140	150	310	150	160
Creole languages	305	135	170	335	150	180
Haitian Creole	5	0	5	0	0	5
Creole, n.o.s.	225	95	130	235	105	130
Creole languages, n.i.e.	80	40	45	95	50	45
Dravidian languages	3,465	1,750	1,720	3,940	1,995	1,940
Kannada	95	40	55	110	55	60
Malayalam	950	480	470	1,225	615	605
Tamil	1,955	975	985	2,055	1,025	1,030
Telugu	460	250	205	535	295	240
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	15	5	10
Hmong-Mien languages	60	25	30	55	25	30
Indo-European languages	250,500	121,860	128,635	282,090	137,135	144,955
Albanian	565	270	290	695	335	360
Armenian	525	230	290	545	240	305
Balto-Slavic languages	26,725	12,830	13,895	31,640	15,150	16,490
Baltic languages	165	75	95	210	90	115
Latvian	70	30	40	80	30	50
Lithuanian	95	40	50	125	60	65
Slavic languages	26,555	12,755	13,805	31,430	15,060	16,370
Belarusan	15	5	5	15	5	5
Bosnian	565	280	285	595	300	300
Bulgarian	940	435	505	1,035	485	550
Croatian	1,820	855	965	2,235	1,055	1,180
Czech	1,140	580	560	1,595	800	795
Macedonian	120	55	65	150	75	75
Polish	4,765	2,270	2,490	5,690	2,720	2,970
Russian	11,215	5,320	5,895	13,310	6,290	7,020
Serbian	3,500	1,775	1,725	3,695	1,870	1,825
Serbo-Croatian	440	205	235	500	235	265
Slovak	855	415	435	1,000	480	520
Slovene (Slovenian)	65	30	35	145	65	85
Ukrainian	1,090	510	580	1,430	665	765
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	35	15	15	40	20	20
Celtic languages	40	20	20	70	40	30
Scottish Gaelic	15	10	10	35	20	10
Welsh	20	5	10	25	10	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	5	5	5
Germanic languages	6,425	3,000	3,420	14,430	6,870	7,555
Afrikaans	665	315	350	1,475	715	760
Danish	210	100	100	305	145	160
Dutch	1,015	470	545	1,895	890	1,005
Frisian	10	5	5	10	5	5
German	4,105	1,895	2,205	10,085	4,795	5,295
Icelandic	55	25	30	75	35	35
Norwegian	75	35	40	140	60	80
Swedish	250	120	135	360	170	195
Vlaams (Flemish)	20	10	10	50	30	20
Yiddish	10	5	0	10	10	5
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	15	5	5
Greek	1,780	860	925	2,010	975	1,035
Indo-Iranian languages	182,115	89,165	92,955	194,590	95,380	99,215
Indo-Aryan languages	152,620	74,855	77,765	164,185	80,610	83,575
Bengali	1,595	785	805	1,815	895	920
Gujarati	2,790	1,235	1,560	2,970	1,320	1,645
Hindi	11,650	5,515	6,135	12,310	5,890	6,425
Kashmiri	5	5	5	10	5	5
Konkani	40	20	20	40	25	25
Marathi	250	125	120	270	140	130
Nepali	560	295	270	665	345	320
Oriya (Odia)	35	20	20	35	20	15
Punjabi (Panjabi)	129,170	63,680	65,495	139,080	68,565	70,515
Sindhi	595	255	340	615	270	345
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	615	300	315	675	330	340
Urdu	5,320	2,630	2,690	5,705	2,825	2,880
Iranian languages	29,305	14,210	15,090	30,205	14,665	15,540
Kurdish	1,055	535	525	1,080	540	535
Pashto	665	335	330	700	350	350
Persian (Farsi)	27,585	13,350	14,235	28,420	13,765	14,660
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	190	95	95	200	100	100
Italic (Romance) languages	32,330	15,490	16,840	38,110	18,145	19,970
Catalan	60	30	35	65	35	35
Italian	4,020	1,750	2,270	5,200	2,245	2,955
Portuguese	5,225	2,485	2,740	6,725	3,140	3,580
Romanian	3,520	1,695	1,825	3,800	1,830	1,970
Spanish	19,490	9,525	9,960	22,310	10,900	11,410
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	15	5	10	20	5	10
Japanese	8,645	3,575	5,075	9,860	4,070	5,790
Kartvelian languages	20	10	5	30	15	10
Georgian	20	10	10	30	15	15
Korean	35,705	16,415	19,295	38,605	17,785	20,820
Mongolic languages	165	75	85	170	80	90
Mongolian	160	80	90	165	80	85
Niger-Congo languages	765	345	425	960	430	530
Akan (Twi)	125	70	60	150	80	65
Bamanankan	5	0	5	5	5	5
Edo	20	10	10	15	10	10
Ewe	15	5	10	20	5	10
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	20	5	10
Ga	0	0	5	5	5	0
Ganda	5	5	5	10	5	5
Igbo	35	20	15	40	20	15
Lingala	35	10	25	35	15	20
Rundi (Kirundi)	55	20	35	55	20	40
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	45	15	30	60	25	35
Shona	45	20	25	65	25	40
Swahili	165	70	95	200	90	115
Wolof	5	0	0	20	10	10
Yoruba	40	20	20	60	30	35
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	160	70	90	200	85	120
Nilo-Saharan languages	135	60	75	140	60	75
Dinka	55	30	20	55	30	20
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	85	30	55	85	30	55
Sign languages	940	515	425	1,535	850	685
American Sign Language	320	160	155	455	230	225
Quebec Sign Language	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	620	355	260	1,080	615	460
Sino-Tibetan languages	287,365	131,920	155,445	299,420	137,555	161,865
Chinese languages	285,705	131,085	154,620	297,675	136,670	161,000
Cantonese	132,670	60,485	72,180	137,075	62,545	74,525
Hakka	680	280	395	700	295	410
Mandarin	139,860	64,645	75,215	146,435	67,695	78,740
Min Dong	60	30	35	65	25	35
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	4,665	2,120	2,550	4,820	2,185	2,630
Wu (Shanghainese)	2,500	1,150	1,350	2,595	1,195	1,400
Chinese, n.o.s.	5,155	2,325	2,830	5,885	2,680	3,205
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	100	45	55	105	45	55
Tibeto-Burman languages	1,660	835	825	1,745	885	865
Burmese	685	350	340	720	375	350
Karenic languages	705	345	365	725	355	370
Tibetan	180	95	85	205	110	90
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	85	45	45	90	45	45
Tai-Kadai languages	1,140	500	640	1,380	595	785
Lao	435	210	225	460	225	235
Thai	695	285	415	920	370	545
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	5	5	5	10	5	5
Turkic languages	1,590	830	760	1,695	880	815
Azerbaijani	180	95	85	195	105	95
Turkish	1,225	645	585	1,310	685	630
Uyghur	100	50	50	95	50	50
Uzbek	40	25	15	45	25	20
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	40	15	20	40	20	25
Uralic languages	2,190	1,035	1,155	3,005	1,415	1,590
Estonian	75	30	45	95	40	55
Finnish	495	225	275	725	325	400
Hungarian	1,620	785	835	2,185	1,050	1,130
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	115	55	65	145	70	75
Multiple responses	200,710	95,815	104,895	232,540	110,375	122,165
English and French	3,910	1,875	2,030	6,155	2,970	3,185
English and non-official language	193,705	92,555	101,150	222,670	105,750	116,920
French and non-official language	535	240	295	650	290	360
English, French and non-official language	2,560	1,135	1,425	3,065	1,365	1,700
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	2,803,495	1,371,550	1,431,945	4,598,415	2,255,400	2,343,015
None	2,249,180	1,108,510	1,140,675	3,931,210	1,940,390	1,990,820
English	244,785	118,650	126,135	274,535	132,990	141,545
French	22,820	10,360	12,455	41,020	18,435	22,590
Non-official language	277,825	129,870	147,955	340,930	158,590	182,345
Aboriginal	1,440	680	755	7,985	3,765	4,215
Non-Aboriginal	276,385	129,185	147,200	332,945	154,820	178,125
English and French	1,020	465	555	1,195	545	650
English and non-official language	5,060	2,370	2,690	5,660	2,655	3,005
French and non-official language	2,710	1,285	1,430	3,765	1,745	2,020
English, French and non-official language	85	45	40	100	45	50
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	2,359,980	1,143,780	1,216,205	3,870,330	1,882,865	1,987,460
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,263,230	1,097,500	1,165,730	3,727,360	1,815,500	1,911,860
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,405	38,991	27,391	33,012	40,370	27,543
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,266,270	1,100,245	1,166,025	3,731,980	1,819,375	1,912,600
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,270	34,158	25,579	29,783	35,383	25,659
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,034,790	1,003,285	1,031,505	3,363,310	1,665,225	1,698,085
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,175	39,492	26,202	31,585	39,557	25,304
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,575,265	671,850	903,420	2,628,215	1,140,195	1,488,025
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	2,847	1,483	3,722	4,592	3,717	4,920
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,700,820	863,460	837,360	2,775,010	1,415,295	1,359,715
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,005	39,839	27,429	31,713	39,186	26,034
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	2,360,010	1,143,755	1,216,260	3,870,375	1,882,770	1,987,605
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,263,515	1,097,270	1,166,245	3,727,715	1,815,380	1,912,335
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,142	55,079	37,735	45,616	54,797	36,901
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,266,585	1,100,070	1,166,515	3,732,420	1,819,290	1,913,130
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,095	44,153	32,383	37,922	44,282	31,874
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,034,275	1,002,715	1,031,560	3,362,835	1,664,850	1,697,985
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,383	56,119	36,919	44,933	54,787	35,271
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,575,245	671,185	904,060	2,628,230	1,139,390	1,488,840
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,404	6,206	6,552	7,207	7,255	7,171
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,700,825	863,425	837,395	2,775,010	1,415,100	1,359,910
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,163	54,051	35,998	43,339	52,171	34,149
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	2,360,010	1,143,750	1,216,255	3,870,375	1,882,770	1,987,605
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	726,080	414,225	311,860	1,147,070	652,115	494,950
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	54,361	60,328	48,283	53,940	61,004	47,039
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	66,709	74,780	55,988	64,625	72,840	53,801
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	90.4	93.1	86.6	88.9	91.7	84.9
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	73.6	77.2	68.6	70.8	74.4	65.8
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	9.6	6.9	13.4	11.1	8.3	15.1
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	2,359,985	1,143,775	1,216,205	3,870,330	1,882,865	1,987,460
Without total income	96,755	46,275	50,480	142,970	67,370	75,600
With total income	2,263,230	1,097,505	1,165,725	3,727,360	1,815,505	1,911,860
Percentage with total income	95.9	96.0	95.8	96.3	96.4	96.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	379,360	161,345	218,020	573,315	240,120	333,195
$10,000 to $19,999	399,980	164,660	235,315	653,915	262,225	391,685
$20,000 to $29,999	290,520	122,995	167,530	503,290	209,095	294,195
$30,000 to $39,999	246,310	110,555	135,755	424,330	188,860	235,470
$40,000 to $49,999	216,680	102,005	114,670	366,220	173,020	193,200
$50,000 to $59,999	171,470	87,240	84,235	286,310	148,095	138,215
$60,000 to $69,999	133,090	74,720	58,365	222,975	129,400	93,580
$70,000 to $79,999	101,915	59,560	42,360	171,625	103,795	67,830
$80,000 to $89,999	80,390	47,760	32,625	134,090	83,100	50,990
$90,000 to $99,999	57,335	35,475	21,860	96,825	62,825	34,005
$100,000 and over	186,180	131,190	54,990	294,475	214,980	79,500
$100,000 to $149,999	121,035	82,855	38,180	198,355	142,260	56,095
$150,000 and over	65,150	48,335	16,810	96,115	72,715	23,405
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	2,359,985	1,143,775	1,216,205	3,870,330	1,882,870	1,987,460
Without after-tax income	93,715	43,530	50,180	138,350	63,495	74,855
With after-tax income	2,266,270	1,100,250	1,166,020	3,731,980	1,819,375	1,912,605
Percentage with after-tax income	96.0	96.2	95.9	96.4	96.6	96.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	393,465	169,995	223,465	597,310	253,480	343,835
$10,000 to $19,999	418,950	175,390	243,560	686,510	280,490	406,015
$20,000 to $29,999	342,985	148,440	194,535	593,490	252,075	341,415
$30,000 to $39,999	290,545	132,940	157,605	495,200	226,080	269,120
$40,000 to $49,999	240,205	118,335	121,870	402,535	200,565	201,965
$50,000 to $59,999	174,880	96,725	78,155	293,450	167,870	125,585
$60,000 to $69,999	124,580	73,005	51,575	210,085	128,000	82,080
$70,000 to $79,999	89,825	53,595	36,230	151,775	95,230	56,545
$80,000 and over	190,840	131,820	59,020	301,635	215,590	86,045
$80,000 to $89,999	56,960	36,765	20,195	94,700	64,330	30,370
$90,000 to $99,999	36,120	24,605	11,515	59,050	42,050	17,000
$100,000 and over	97,760	70,450	27,310	147,885	109,215	38,670
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	2,359,985	1,143,780	1,216,205	3,870,330	1,882,865	1,987,460
Without employment income	659,160	280,320	378,845	1,095,320	467,570	627,745
With employment income	1,700,820	863,460	837,365	2,775,010	1,415,295	1,359,715
Percentage with employment income	72.1	75.5	68.9	71.7	75.2	68.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	244,220	109,730	134,490	441,080	204,275	236,810
$5,000 to $9,999	129,965	55,085	74,880	212,715	90,015	122,705
$10,000 to $19,999	230,480	101,020	129,455	371,875	160,350	211,525
$20,000 to $29,999	190,490	85,735	104,760	309,470	135,945	173,525
$30,000 to $39,999	176,405	81,450	94,955	282,045	126,870	155,180
$40,000 to $49,999	161,450	76,815	84,635	253,810	118,870	134,935
$50,000 to $59,999	129,645	68,330	61,315	203,885	107,605	96,280
$60,000 to $69,999	102,940	60,195	42,745	163,740	98,205	65,535
$70,000 to $79,999	81,320	48,935	32,380	132,340	82,120	50,220
$80,000 and over	253,910	176,170	77,740	404,040	291,050	112,990
$80,000 to $89,999	65,415	39,925	25,495	106,680	67,815	38,860
$90,000 to $99,999	46,105	29,835	16,275	76,470	51,990	24,480
$100,000 and over	142,390	106,410	35,975	220,890	171,245	49,645
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	1,099,695	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	72,196	...	...	69,995	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	63,053	...	...	61,280	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	310,905	...	...	541,915	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	37,372	...	...	35,701	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,199	...	...	31,899	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	788,795	...	...	1,340,055	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	91,035	...	...	88,466	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	79,340	...	...	77,108	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	1,099,700	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	94,975	...	...	90,354	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	78,518	...	...	75,209	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	310,915	...	...	541,925	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	48,938	...	...	46,696	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,547	...	...	39,091	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	788,785	...	...	1,340,045	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	113,122	...	...	108,010	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	93,485	...	...	89,816	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	1,099,700	...	...	1,881,965	...	...
Under $5,000	30,630	...	...	43,415	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	17,065	...	...	27,140	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	32,640	...	...	55,745	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	43,985	...	...	77,565	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	42,275	...	...	78,695	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	41,105	...	...	72,985	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	42,415	...	...	78,080	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	42,545	...	...	78,395	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	42,390	...	...	76,775	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	42,405	...	...	75,860	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	80,975	...	...	143,475	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	75,570	...	...	132,845	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	69,635	...	...	122,350	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	63,805	...	...	111,350	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	57,215	...	...	99,420	...	...
$100,000 and over	375,045	...	...	607,855	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	115,425	...	...	198,140	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	82,570	...	...	138,420	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	92,765	...	...	149,210	...	...
$200,000 and over	84,285	...	...	122,080	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	1,099,700	...	...	1,881,965	...	...
Under $5,000	32,700	...	...	46,350	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	17,320	...	...	27,605	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	33,215	...	...	56,780	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	45,480	...	...	80,315	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	48,020	...	...	89,795	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	49,460	...	...	88,035	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	51,105	...	...	93,640	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	51,010	...	...	92,220	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	51,270	...	...	91,635	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	49,860	...	...	88,520	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	93,555	...	...	165,685	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	84,995	...	...	150,650	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	77,590	...	...	136,430	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	67,820	...	...	118,520	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	58,630	...	...	101,185	...	...
$100,000 and over	287,680	...	...	454,595	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	111,745	...	...	187,490	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	69,220	...	...	111,260	...	...
$150,000 and over	106,720	...	...	155,845	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	752,860	...	...	1,276,275	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	91,058	...	...	88,451	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	79,285	...	...	77,002	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	262,680	...	...	519,030	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	83,407	...	...	80,788	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	72,424	...	...	70,464	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	355,980	...	...	536,175	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	111,233	...	...	111,736	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,154	...	...	96,176	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	107,585	...	...	179,945	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,944	...	...	51,056	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,241	...	...	46,668	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	752,275	...	...	1,275,865	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	113,507	...	...	108,241	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	93,570	...	...	89,792	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	262,190	...	...	518,295	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	106,855	...	...	100,772	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	86,973	...	...	83,021	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	356,320	...	...	536,580	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	133,464	...	...	131,213	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	109,910	...	...	108,407	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	107,230	...	...	179,615	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	66,377	...	...	63,004	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	57,086	...	...	54,655	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	445,180	215,390	229,790	768,855	373,390	395,465
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	31,939	33,649	30,619	31,255	33,342	29,674
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	28,854	30,052	27,923	28,320	29,815	27,221
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	444,385	214,355	230,025	766,660	371,595	395,060
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	42,880	45,497	40,441	41,666	44,615	38,892
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	35,905	37,587	34,337	35,191	37,100	33,395
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	2,785,950	1,363,490	1,422,460	4,560,235	2,237,490	2,322,745
In the bottom half of the distribution	1,368,265	652,270	715,990	2,265,245	1,078,695	1,186,555
In the bottom decile	341,810	163,715	178,095	537,405	258,275	279,140
In the second decile	265,710	122,465	143,240	449,395	205,320	244,075
In the third decile	248,540	118,045	130,495	420,355	198,845	221,510
In the fourth decile	252,745	121,750	130,995	422,805	203,710	219,095
In the fifth decile	259,460	126,290	133,170	435,290	212,555	222,735
In the top half of the distribution	1,417,690	711,220	706,470	2,294,990	1,158,795	1,136,195
In the sixth decile	263,840	129,595	134,245	442,070	218,225	223,845
In the seventh decile	270,630	134,665	135,960	451,795	226,240	225,555
In the eighth decile	280,375	140,545	139,830	462,900	233,935	228,970
In the ninth decile	292,430	147,565	144,870	473,535	241,165	232,375
In the top decile	310,410	158,850	151,565	464,685	239,235	225,450
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	2,765,265	1,353,365	1,411,895	4,477,875	2,196,415	2,281,460
0 to 17 years	516,045	266,115	249,925	822,390	422,685	399,710
0 to 5 years	163,605	84,390	79,210	260,110	133,670	126,445
18 to 64 years	1,826,895	890,630	936,270	2,876,495	1,404,390	1,472,105
65 years and over	422,320	196,615	225,700	778,990	369,345	409,645
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	447,165	210,170	236,995	694,960	325,015	369,940
0 to 17 years	96,245	49,470	46,775	151,880	78,110	73,770
0 to 5 years	28,685	14,645	14,035	46,920	24,035	22,885
18 to 64 years	282,590	131,785	150,805	427,085	198,475	228,615
65 years and over	68,325	28,910	39,415	115,990	48,430	67,560
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	16.2	15.5	16.8	15.5	14.8	16.2
0 to 17 years (%)	18.7	18.6	18.7	18.5	18.5	18.5
0 to 5 years (%)	17.5	17.4	17.7	18.0	18.0	18.1
18 to 64 years (%)	15.5	14.8	16.1	14.8	14.1	15.5
65 years and over (%)	16.2	14.7	17.5	14.9	13.1	16.5
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	362,850	173,035	189,820	491,645	236,430	255,215
0 to 17 years	73,360	37,575	35,785	99,330	50,890	48,450
0 to 5 years	21,070	10,705	10,365	29,250	14,930	14,315
18 to 64 years	250,495	119,190	131,305	345,345	165,740	179,605
65 years and over	39,000	16,265	22,730	46,965	19,805	27,165
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	13.1	12.8	13.4	11.0	10.8	11.2
0 to 17 years (%)	14.2	14.1	14.3	12.1	12.0	12.1
0 to 5 years (%)	12.9	12.7	13.1	11.2	11.2	11.3
18 to 64 years (%)	13.7	13.4	14.0	12.0	11.8	12.2
65 years and over (%)	9.2	8.3	10.1	6.0	5.4	6.6
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	2,785,950	1,363,495	1,422,455	4,560,235	2,237,490	2,322,745
Official languages	2,640,970	1,303,270	1,337,695	4,407,125	2,173,840	2,233,285
English	2,639,805	1,302,720	1,337,090	4,405,380	2,173,040	2,232,340
French	192,705	85,720	106,980	314,225	140,085	174,140
Non-official languages	1,306,390	615,640	690,750	1,546,550	727,200	819,355
Aboriginal languages	2,870	1,285	1,590	17,190	8,115	9,075
Algonquian languages	550	220	330	1,950	905	1,045
Blackfoot	15	0	15	35	0	35
Cree-Montagnais languages	355	165	190	1,600	795	805
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	10	0	10	15	0	10
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	10	0	10
Plains Cree	105	50	50	345	160	180
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	20	0	15	55	25	30
Woods Cree	20	10	0	80	45	40
Cree, n.o.s.	210	100	105	1,090	560	525
Eastern Algonquian languages	20	10	0	30	20	10
Malecite	0	10	0	10	10	0
Mi'kmaq	15	0	10	25	15	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	160	40	120	310	100	205
Algonquin	15	0	10	20	0	15
Ojibway	130	35	95	275	95	180
Oji-Cree	15	0	15	15	0	15
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	105	35	65	4,375	2,050	2,330
Northern Athabaskan languages	100	30	70	4,345	2,035	2,315
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	10	0	10	200	100	95
Beaver	0	0	0	255	130	130
Carrier	55	15	45	2,045	940	1,110
Chilcotin	0	0	0	1,130	525	605
Dene	20	10	10	130	55	80
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	10	0	185	85	100
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	125	60	75
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	10	0	10
South Slavey	0	0	0	25	15	10
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	105	45	60
Tahltan languages	10	10	0	290	155	130
Kaska (Nahani)	0	10	0	35	20	15
Tahltan	10	0	0	250	135	120
Tutchone languages	10	0	0	10	0	10
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	10
Southern Tutchone	0	0	10	10	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	30	15	10
Haida	70	40	30	455	195	255
Inuit languages	60	35	35	170	70	95
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	10	10	0	20	10	10
Inuktitut	45	20	30	120	50	70
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	35	15	25
Iroquoian languages	25	10	15	30	10	15
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	20	10	10	25	10	15
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Kutenai	0	0	10	170	95	80
Michif	40	20	25	110	50	60
Salish languages	1,630	740	885	5,660	2,690	2,970
Comox	15	0	20	185	75	105
Halkomelem	270	95	175	1,045	470	570
Lillooet	735	375	360	790	405	385
Okanagan	35	10	25	805	360	445
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	25	10	15	1,280	630	650
Squamish	275	120	150	280	125	155
Straits	0	0	0	360	160	200
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	55	25	30	440	220	220
Salish languages, n.i.e.	225	110	115	540	280	260
Siouan languages	35	15	20	55	20	35
Dakota	20	10	15	30	15	15
Stoney	0	0	0	10	10	10
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	15	10	10
Tlingit	0	0	0	60	40	20
Tsimshian languages	190	80	110	2,685	1,330	1,350
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	60	15	40	1,275	635	645
Nisga'a	70	30	40	1,035	535	500
Tsimshian	65	30	35	405	180	230
Wakashan languages	110	45	60	1,460	670	795
Haisla	30	10	25	175	65	105
Heiltsuk	15	0	10	120	50	70
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	55	40	20	590	275	315
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	10	0	10	560	265	295
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	15	10
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	90	50	40	240	105	135
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,303,630	614,405	689,225	1,529,635	719,190	810,440
Afro-Asiatic languages	30,405	15,945	14,460	35,115	18,585	16,530
Berber languages	135	90	45	145	95	45
Kabyle	65	40	25	65	40	25
Berber languages, n.i.e.	65	50	15	80	60	20
Cushitic languages	1,880	875	1,010	2,070	955	1,120
Bilen	15	0	10	20	10	15
Oromo	190	110	80	245	140	110
Somali	1,680	760	920	1,800	815	985
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	10	0	10
Semitic languages	28,645	15,140	13,500	33,110	17,660	15,460
Amharic	1,775	915	860	2,095	1,050	1,045
Arabic	20,905	11,210	9,695	24,230	13,180	11,050
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	760	370	390	760	370	390
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	565	280	280	570	285	285
Harari	55	40	20	55	35	20
Hebrew	4,755	2,465	2,285	5,450	2,805	2,645
Maltese	205	105	100	315	155	155
Tigrigna	945	515	430	1,055	560	495
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	300	160	145	300	160	140
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	105	50	60	170	85	85
Austro-Asiatic languages	31,905	15,255	16,650	35,915	17,130	18,785
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,530	675	860	1,875	850	1,020
Vietnamese	30,450	14,600	15,855	34,140	16,295	17,840
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	60	30	30	55	30	25
Austronesian languages	110,050	45,925	64,120	125,425	51,215	74,210
Bikol	500	210	290	530	215	310
Cebuano	4,390	1,675	2,715	5,365	2,000	3,370
Fijian	1,015	595	415	1,095	655	440
Hiligaynon	1,420	620	805	1,685	710	975
Ilocano	5,790	2,255	3,535	6,450	2,480	3,970
Malagasy	10	10	10	25	15	10
Malay	6,565	3,110	3,460	7,495	3,480	4,010
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	810	355	455	855	365	495
Pangasinan	440	175	260	480	205	275
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	99,505	40,840	58,665	113,265	45,455	67,805
Waray-Waray	275	120	155	320	130	195
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,250	620	625	1,515	740	775
Creole languages	1,975	1,075	905	2,485	1,320	1,165
Haitian Creole	85	30	55	135	55	75
Creole, n.o.s.	1,130	615	515	1,310	730	585
Creole languages, n.i.e.	775	440	340	1,055	540	515
Dravidian languages	9,165	4,855	4,310	10,390	5,485	4,905
Kannada	450	210	235	510	250	265
Malayalam	2,690	1,445	1,250	3,350	1,795	1,550
Tamil	4,990	2,605	2,385	5,445	2,830	2,610
Telugu	1,505	875	630	1,720	970	750
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	70	25	40	85	30	55
Hmong-Mien languages	150	80	75	165	85	80
Indo-European languages	606,020	295,920	310,100	764,815	371,760	393,060
Albanian	1,345	685	665	1,640	840	795
Armenian	1,525	765	760	1,680	845	835
Balto-Slavic languages	70,430	33,565	36,865	94,050	44,710	49,340
Baltic languages	700	340	365	1,030	515	520
Latvian	355	190	165	555	290	265
Lithuanian	345	150	200	475	220	250
Slavic languages	69,925	33,325	36,605	93,235	44,305	48,940
Belarusan	210	100	115	245	115	125
Bosnian	1,905	960	950	2,075	1,020	1,050
Bulgarian	2,060	905	1,155	2,430	1,105	1,325
Croatian	8,215	4,035	4,185	10,685	5,255	5,430
Czech	5,110	2,410	2,700	7,480	3,665	3,815
Macedonian	350	185	165	400	220	185
Polish	14,920	7,050	7,875	19,175	8,980	10,190
Russian	25,195	11,850	13,340	33,990	15,850	18,135
Serbian	8,195	4,205	3,990	9,110	4,625	4,485
Serbo-Croatian	1,270	615	660	1,525	770	750
Slovak	3,395	1,615	1,775	4,270	2,045	2,225
Slovene (Slovenian)	810	365	445	1,375	610	760
Ukrainian	6,715	2,940	3,775	10,740	4,835	5,905
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	265	130	130	420	215	205
Celtic languages	1,275	690	580	1,855	990	865
Scottish Gaelic	375	240	130	660	395	265
Welsh	165	65	100	345	145	195
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	735	395	340	860	450	410
Germanic languages	74,345	35,630	38,715	136,685	65,350	71,335
Afrikaans	4,835	2,450	2,380	7,670	3,875	3,800
Danish	2,965	1,380	1,590	5,510	2,490	3,020
Dutch	13,630	6,490	7,145	24,060	11,520	12,550
Frisian	235	120	120	465	230	240
German	49,850	24,225	25,630	95,005	45,840	49,165
Icelandic	240	120	115	405	210	195
Norwegian	1,655	840	815	2,845	1,425	1,415
Swedish	3,150	1,365	1,785	4,825	2,125	2,695
Vlaams (Flemish)	265	135	135	545	270	275
Yiddish	400	190	215	505	225	280
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	90	55	30	155	95	60
Greek	7,620	3,910	3,710	9,095	4,725	4,370
Indo-Iranian languages	336,265	167,320	168,945	363,205	181,340	181,865
Indo-Aryan languages	287,450	142,700	144,750	311,955	155,465	156,490
Bengali	3,180	1,625	1,550	3,670	1,885	1,785
Gujarati	10,885	5,150	5,735	11,500	5,455	6,050
Hindi	75,365	36,670	38,690	81,330	39,950	41,380
Kashmiri	50	25	25	60	30	25
Konkani	375	185	185	415	215	200
Marathi	1,315	680	645	1,475	780	695
Nepali	1,205	600	600	1,485	725	760
Oriya (Odia)	70	35	35	70	40	30
Punjabi (Panjabi)	224,725	112,300	112,425	244,485	122,450	122,035
Sindhi	3,160	1,355	1,805	3,300	1,415	1,885
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	2,275	1,175	1,100	2,430	1,265	1,170
Urdu	15,175	7,935	7,240	16,750	8,840	7,915
Iranian languages	49,840	25,165	24,670	52,300	26,435	25,870
Kurdish	2,145	1,140	1,000	2,225	1,185	1,040
Pashto	1,555	865	690	1,660	940	725
Persian (Farsi)	47,490	23,955	23,540	49,835	25,135	24,690
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	800	400	405	935	490	450
Italic (Romance) languages	128,015	60,770	67,250	177,685	83,505	94,185
Catalan	260	130	130	395	210	180
Italian	26,860	13,060	13,795	37,475	18,075	19,400
Portuguese	16,500	7,865	8,635	23,260	11,060	12,200
Romanian	8,915	4,380	4,540	10,045	4,945	5,105
Spanish	82,035	38,455	43,580	115,115	53,215	61,900
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	250	160	90	380	245	140
Japanese	30,230	13,165	17,075	36,990	15,955	21,040
Kartvelian languages	100	50	50	115	55	60
Georgian	100	55	45	115	55	55
Korean	52,875	24,230	28,645	57,490	26,310	31,180
Mongolic languages	335	160	175	370	170	200
Mongolian	335	160	175	370	165	195
Niger-Congo languages	6,235	3,245	2,995	8,025	4,130	3,895
Akan (Twi)	510	290	220	630	350	280
Bamanankan	30	15	10	30	20	15
Edo	130	75	60	145	80	60
Ewe	115	75	40	135	90	45
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	50	15	40	105	30	70
Ga	95	60	35	150	95	50
Ganda	115	60	55	165	80	85
Igbo	240	145	95	425	240	185
Lingala	240	110	130	280	125	150
Rundi (Kirundi)	105	35	65	125	45	75
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	210	95	115	290	125	165
Shona	285	130	150	415	220	195
Swahili	2,795	1,510	1,285	3,365	1,785	1,575
Wolof	30	15	15	50	25	30
Yoruba	620	315	310	885	455	435
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	1,455	680	775	1,835	840	1,000
Nilo-Saharan languages	345	170	175	405	210	200
Dinka	70	40	25	85	50	35
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	280	125	150	325	155	165
Sign languages	4,190	1,670	2,520	7,545	2,865	4,680
American Sign Language	2,340	830	1,515	3,860	1,280	2,575
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	1,915	860	1,050	3,780	1,615	2,160
Sino-Tibetan languages	435,155	200,830	234,325	457,595	211,220	246,375
Chinese languages	432,595	199,535	233,065	454,885	209,850	245,030
Cantonese	224,860	104,045	120,820	234,445	108,485	125,960
Hakka	2,575	1,230	1,345	2,715	1,290	1,430
Mandarin	252,570	114,045	138,535	265,635	119,995	145,640
Min Dong	125	60	70	130	55	75
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	15,800	7,005	8,795	16,410	7,230	9,185
Wu (Shanghainese)	5,405	2,355	3,045	5,600	2,445	3,155
Chinese, n.o.s.	8,995	4,120	4,875	10,380	4,725	5,650
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	195	80	115	200	75	120
Tibeto-Burman languages	2,845	1,425	1,415	3,000	1,500	1,505
Burmese	1,395	685	710	1,490	730	755
Karenic languages	955	490	470	955	485	465
Tibetan	340	180	155	375	205	165
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	295	140	155	330	150	180
Tai-Kadai languages	4,370	1,795	2,580	5,635	2,190	3,450
Lao	1,510	705	805	1,630	735	890
Thai	3,085	1,170	1,915	4,275	1,535	2,740
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	10	10	0
Turkic languages	6,105	3,320	2,785	6,785	3,685	3,095
Azerbaijani	835	450	385	945	510	435
Turkish	5,005	2,710	2,295	5,585	3,025	2,555
Uyghur	110	50	55	115	60	55
Uzbek	170	95	75	170	95	75
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	250	135	110	275	140	130
Uralic languages	10,045	4,660	5,385	15,280	7,095	8,185
Estonian	545	225	320	780	350	425
Finnish	2,415	975	1,435	4,030	1,640	2,385
Hungarian	7,105	3,455	3,650	10,495	5,100	5,395
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	10	10	10
Other languages, n.i.e.	750	410	345	1,045	575	470
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	2,785,955	1,363,490	1,422,455	4,560,235	2,237,485	2,322,750
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	2,438,345	1,198,880	1,239,475	4,138,300	2,038,285	2,100,015
Canadian citizens aged under 18	478,730	247,515	231,220	790,485	406,970	383,510
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	1,959,615	951,360	1,008,250	3,347,820	1,631,310	1,716,505
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	347,600	164,620	182,980	421,935	199,205	222,735
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	2,785,950	1,363,495	1,422,455	4,560,240	2,237,490	2,322,750
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	1,642,775	827,820	814,950	3,167,155	1,584,305	1,582,855
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	1,060,950	495,680	565,270	1,292,675	603,800	688,875
Before 1981	234,190	112,395	121,790	356,155	171,330	184,825
1981 to 1990	128,370	59,885	68,480	152,220	70,475	81,750
1991 to 2000	261,075	120,580	140,495	287,505	132,190	155,315
2001 to 2010	285,550	131,230	154,325	321,240	147,250	173,985
2001 to 2005	132,730	60,770	71,960	147,735	67,425	80,305
2006 to 2010	152,820	70,455	82,365	173,505	79,825	93,680
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	151,770	71,595	80,175	175,555	82,555	92,995
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	82,225	39,990	42,235	100,405	49,385	51,020
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	1,060,955	495,685	565,270	1,292,670	603,800	688,875
Under 5 years	84,650	42,820	41,830	112,665	56,495	56,175
5 to 14 years	169,630	87,445	82,185	212,710	108,975	103,730
15 to 24 years	223,525	101,380	122,140	279,495	126,690	152,805
25 to 44 years	449,595	202,210	247,390	537,500	242,185	295,310
45 years and over	133,555	61,825	71,725	150,305	69,455	80,845
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	1,060,955	495,680	565,270	1,292,675	603,800	688,875
Americas	73,630	34,405	39,230	110,850	50,515	60,330
Brazil	3,155	1,295	1,860	3,800	1,545	2,260
Colombia	3,280	1,500	1,785	3,915	1,720	2,195
El Salvador	4,880	2,460	2,415	5,425	2,710	2,715
Guyana	1,005	470	535	1,305	600	710
Haiti	355	165	190	570	250	315
Jamaica	2,430	1,265	1,160	3,505	1,770	1,735
Mexico	8,415	3,660	4,755	10,375	4,425	5,945
Peru	2,790	1,185	1,605	3,265	1,330	1,930
Trinidad and Tobago	2,075	985	1,090	2,620	1,205	1,415
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	30,710	14,535	16,170	57,780	26,425	31,355
Other places of birth in Americas	14,530	6,880	7,655	18,295	8,530	9,765
Europe	195,870	96,100	99,775	319,885	156,975	162,915
Bosnia and Herzegovina	4,045	1,965	2,085	4,570	2,230	2,345
Croatia	4,215	2,140	2,070	5,780	2,945	2,830
France	3,780	1,975	1,800	5,700	2,895	2,805
Germany	16,720	8,055	8,665	35,045	16,835	18,210
Greece	3,030	1,600	1,420	3,630	1,965	1,670
Hungary	4,055	2,065	1,995	6,175	3,145	3,030
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	4,180	2,235	1,950	5,890	3,090	2,795
Italy	10,820	5,575	5,245	15,405	8,050	7,355
Netherlands	9,435	4,725	4,710	18,225	9,365	8,855
Poland	11,475	5,350	6,125	15,115	6,965	8,145
Portugal	4,850	2,415	2,435	8,215	4,125	4,090
Romania	7,685	3,715	3,970	8,995	4,400	4,595
Russian Federation	9,090	3,930	5,160	10,920	4,700	6,215
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	3,880	1,945	1,935	4,480	2,225	2,260
Ukraine	6,125	2,900	3,225	7,500	3,520	3,980
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	67,055	33,460	33,600	123,810	60,975	62,835
Other places of birth in Europe	25,425	12,045	13,385	40,425	19,545	20,880
Africa	34,215	17,305	16,910	42,805	21,500	21,310
Algeria	440	280	160	485	310	175
Egypt	2,260	1,225	1,040	2,705	1,480	1,225
Ethiopia	1,695	855	845	2,070	1,015	1,060
Kenya	4,245	1,975	2,275	4,705	2,175	2,535
Morocco	775	415	360	985	535	455
Nigeria	1,360	715	645	1,740	925	815
Somalia	1,020	485	535	1,080	515	570
South Africa, Republic of	9,070	4,675	4,400	13,375	6,700	6,675
Other places of birth in Africa	13,340	6,690	6,655	15,645	7,840	7,800
Asia	731,625	335,645	395,985	788,055	359,835	428,220
Afghanistan	4,910	2,475	2,435	5,040	2,550	2,490
Bangladesh	1,870	950	925	2,125	1,080	1,040
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	190,400	85,025	105,380	199,990	89,145	110,845
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	72,080	33,105	38,975	74,210	34,120	40,090
India	149,035	72,570	76,465	162,650	79,395	83,245
IranCensus data footnote 61	35,450	18,010	17,440	37,160	18,890	18,270
Iraq	5,360	2,740	2,620	5,550	2,855	2,690
Japan	11,305	3,365	7,940	13,365	3,840	9,520
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	38,265	17,415	20,845	41,515	18,870	22,645
Lebanon	1,920	1,080	835	2,235	1,290	950
Pakistan	9,590	4,925	4,665	10,665	5,470	5,190
Philippines	99,720	41,755	57,965	112,100	45,890	66,210
Sri Lanka	4,310	2,240	2,070	4,585	2,360	2,230
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	2,455	1,240	1,215	2,845	1,450	1,400
Taiwan	37,695	16,975	20,725	38,900	17,450	21,450
Viet Nam	25,045	11,730	13,315	27,875	12,970	14,905
Other places of birth in Asia	42,210	20,045	22,165	47,255	22,215	25,045
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	25,610	12,230	13,380	31,075	14,975	16,100
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	151,770	71,595	80,175	175,555	82,555	92,995
Americas	10,965	5,510	5,455	14,550	7,160	7,385
Brazil	1,005	460	550	1,145	525	615
Colombia	480	225	250	580	250	325
Cuba	75	40	40	140	60	80
Haiti	25	15	10	35	35	10
Jamaica	215	145	75	625	355	265
Mexico	2,410	1,215	1,195	2,885	1,420	1,460
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	4,555	2,375	2,180	6,485	3,290	3,190
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	230	105	125	270	115	155
Other places of birth in Americas	1,970	930	1,045	2,380	1,105	1,275
Europe	15,015	7,805	7,205	19,735	10,260	9,475
France	830	440	385	970	510	460
Germany	835	480	350	1,450	775	675
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	1,240	780	460	1,430	900	530
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	210	115	100	245	120	125
Romania	595	255	335	690	310	380
Russian Federation	1,455	510	945	1,735	620	1,110
Ukraine	1,005	415	590	1,230	495	735
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	4,570	2,710	1,860	6,540	3,840	2,695
Other places of birth in Europe	4,285	2,115	2,170	5,455	2,685	2,765
Africa	4,725	2,440	2,285	6,200	3,150	3,050
Algeria	55	35	20	65	40	20
Cameroon	55	20	30	65	25	35
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	110	70	50	150	80	75
Côte d'Ivoire	15	10	10	20	10	10
Egypt	550	290	250	625	340	290
Eritrea	295	165	135	320	175	145
Ethiopia	250	140	110	305	170	140
Morocco	145	80	60	205	115	95
Nigeria	465	230	235	645	325	315
Somalia	350	145	205	355	145	215
South Africa, Republic of	930	500	430	1,625	815	810
Tunisia	70	30	40	80	30	45
Other places of birth in Africa	1,425	725	700	1,745	890	860
Asia	118,640	54,515	64,125	131,880	60,140	71,735
Afghanistan	855	455	405	870	455	415
Bangladesh	390	185	205	470	230	245
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	36,160	16,125	20,035	38,105	16,965	21,140
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	1,695	715	985	1,800	770	1,030
India	25,310	12,630	12,685	27,460	13,780	13,680
IranCensus data footnote 61	8,330	4,165	4,165	8,645	4,315	4,330
Iraq	1,865	915	950	1,910	940	965
Israel	300	170	125	365	205	160
Japan	1,940	500	1,440	2,285	570	1,715
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	7,010	3,025	3,990	8,025	3,430	4,595
Lebanon	220	120	100	265	155	110
Nepal	225	90	130	310	115	195
Pakistan	1,735	875	860	1,965	990	975
Philippines	21,280	9,535	11,745	26,680	11,615	15,065
Saudi Arabia	340	150	190	400	180	215
Sri Lanka	510	250	255	535	265	265
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	1,900	960	940	2,185	1,095	1,085
Taiwan	2,350	920	1,430	2,505	970	1,530
Turkey	365	205	160	395	220	170
United Arab Emirates	350	180	175	385	195	195
Viet Nam	1,580	620	955	1,780	685	1,090
Other places of birth in Asia	3,935	1,740	2,195	4,545	1,980	2,560
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	2,425	1,325	1,100	3,185	1,845	1,340
Australia	1,390	760	635	1,920	1,130	790
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	1,030	560	470	1,265	715	550
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	2,785,950	1,363,490	1,422,460	4,560,240	2,237,490	2,322,750
First generationCensus data footnote 69	1,164,225	546,545	617,680	1,426,450	670,440	756,010
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	692,475	350,455	342,020	1,043,860	523,340	520,520
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	929,250	466,495	462,760	2,089,925	1,043,705	1,046,225
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	842,360	390,980	451,380	955,955	442,040	513,915
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	478,795	230,180	248,615	537,875	258,560	279,315
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	184,285	108,865	75,425	209,685	123,645	86,040
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	294,505	121,320	173,190	328,185	134,915	193,275
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	277,865	115,910	161,960	323,440	133,775	189,670
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	74,335	39,850	34,490	82,360	44,250	38,110
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	11,360	5,040	6,325	12,285	5,455	6,825
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	2,785,950	1,363,495	1,422,460	4,560,240	2,237,490	2,322,750
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	90,735	43,175	47,560	270,585	130,265	140,320
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	88,090	41,930	46,160	263,540	127,115	136,425
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	55,070	26,340	28,730	172,520	83,645	88,880
Métis	32,515	15,375	17,145	89,405	42,715	46,690
Inuk (Inuit)	500	210	290	1,610	760	855
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	1,490	725	760	4,350	2,090	2,260
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	1,160	515	645	2,695	1,060	1,635
Non-Aboriginal identity	2,695,215	1,320,320	1,374,895	4,289,655	2,107,225	2,182,430
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	2,785,955	1,363,495	1,422,455	4,560,240	2,237,485	2,322,750
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	38,880	18,350	20,525	135,835	65,560	70,280
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	2,747,075	1,345,150	1,401,925	4,424,400	2,171,930	2,252,470
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	2,785,950	1,363,495	1,422,455	4,560,240	2,237,490	2,322,750
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	23,850	11,680	12,175	91,710	45,690	46,020
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	23,400	11,460	11,940	90,390	45,100	45,295
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	19,945	9,730	10,210	79,875	39,685	40,190
Métis single ancestry	3,300	1,655	1,645	10,080	5,215	4,865
Inuit single ancestry	160	75	80	430	200	235
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	455	220	235	1,325	595	725
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	385	195	195	1,175	535	635
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	40	25	15	100	50	50
Métis and Inuit ancestries	30	0	25	45	10	45
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	82,685	39,360	43,325	211,100	100,835	110,260
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	79,535	37,970	41,570	201,895	96,650	105,245
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	52,240	24,945	27,295	130,020	62,170	67,850
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	26,790	12,790	14,000	70,180	33,595	36,585
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	505	235	270	1,700	890	815
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	3,150	1,395	1,755	9,200	4,185	5,015
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,055	1,370	1,685	8,865	4,050	4,810
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	30	0	30	165	75	90
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	40	15	25	125	35	90
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	0	15	45	20	20
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	2,679,410	1,312,455	1,366,955	4,257,430	2,090,960	2,166,465
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	2,785,955	1,363,495	1,422,455	4,560,240	2,237,490	2,322,750
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	1,250,700	596,985	653,710	1,381,235	658,260	722,975
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	332,655	166,605	166,055	365,705	183,650	182,055
Chinese	479,145	224,140	255,005	508,480	237,805	270,670
Black	32,680	16,875	15,800	43,500	22,455	21,045
Filipino	127,275	55,855	71,420	145,025	62,505	82,520
Latin American	37,210	17,555	19,650	44,115	20,600	23,515
Arab	16,995	9,125	7,865	19,840	10,865	8,980
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	47,510	22,710	24,795	54,920	25,975	28,950
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	46,420	23,715	22,705	48,695	24,880	23,810
Korean	55,375	25,580	29,790	60,495	27,915	32,580
Japanese	31,925	13,410	18,510	41,230	17,435	23,800
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	6,960	3,400	3,560	8,760	4,280	4,485
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	36,555	18,015	18,540	40,465	19,900	20,565
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	1,535,255	766,510	768,745	3,179,005	1,579,230	1,599,775
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	2,785,950	1,363,495	1,422,460	4,560,240	2,237,490	2,322,750
North American Aboriginal origins	106,540	51,040	55,500	302,810	146,530	156,280
First Nations (North American Indian)	75,720	36,270	39,455	220,245	106,595	113,650
Inuit	820	355	465	2,615	1,280	1,340
Métis	33,620	16,025	17,590	90,515	43,460	47,050
Other North American origins	439,735	219,965	219,765	922,690	460,355	462,335
Acadian	1,905	955	950	3,940	1,960	1,980
American	38,715	18,735	19,980	78,170	37,765	40,405
Canadian	412,140	206,505	205,640	866,530	432,975	433,560
New Brunswicker	15	0	0	60	45	15
Newfoundlander	805	465	345	1,875	995	880
Nova Scotian	85	45	40	185	95	85
Ontarian	45	35	15	130	55	75
Québécois	890	500	390	1,830	945	880
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	235	115	120	405	175	230
European origins	1,452,805	720,230	732,570	2,857,080	1,408,510	1,448,575
British Isles origins	930,010	461,175	468,835	1,926,040	945,580	980,460
Channel Islander	200	105	95	455	230	220
Cornish	265	140	125	610	340	265
English	573,370	282,035	291,340	1,203,540	585,700	617,845
Irish	332,255	158,830	173,420	675,135	318,455	356,675
Manx	865	415	455	1,810	835	975
Scottish	414,800	203,290	211,510	860,775	417,080	443,700
Welsh	54,145	25,960	28,185	113,905	54,260	59,645
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	66,330	32,735	33,600	122,700	59,225	63,475
French origins	182,475	87,615	94,860	388,815	184,705	204,110
Alsatian	125	50	70	210	95	115
Breton	50	15	35	110	45	65
Corsican	80	35	45	105	40	65
French	182,340	87,550	94,785	388,580	184,595	203,980
Western European origins (except French origins)	410,995	202,180	208,820	839,860	411,165	428,695
Austrian	25,455	11,990	13,465	48,510	23,030	25,485
Bavarian	80	45	35	225	105	120
Belgian	9,620	4,740	4,875	19,980	9,615	10,360
Dutch	112,435	55,435	56,995	213,670	105,040	108,630
Flemish	1,180	595	580	2,215	1,145	1,075
Frisian	430	190	245	850	425	425
German	289,180	142,260	146,920	603,265	294,860	308,410
Luxembourger	360	185	175	695	340	355
Swiss	13,990	6,965	7,020	31,390	15,510	15,880
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	510	230	285	905	425	485
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	160,860	77,325	83,535	346,525	166,100	180,425
Danish	28,535	13,830	14,705	58,205	27,985	30,220
Finnish	17,225	8,250	8,970	34,150	16,285	17,870
Icelandic	13,230	6,520	6,715	26,410	12,860	13,545
Norwegian	61,165	29,595	31,570	138,430	66,870	71,565
Swedish	50,575	23,285	27,295	110,030	51,000	59,030
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	6,470	3,325	3,145	15,080	7,610	7,470
Eastern European origins	307,075	148,850	158,230	569,260	275,900	293,360
Bulgarian	3,155	1,455	1,700	4,015	1,875	2,140
Byelorussian	1,950	990	960	2,760	1,400	1,365
Czech	13,395	6,490	6,905	23,375	11,500	11,875
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	3,300	1,600	1,695	7,970	3,795	4,175
Estonian	3,005	1,405	1,600	4,840	2,250	2,590
Hungarian	30,970	15,200	15,770	56,535	27,450	29,090
Latvian	2,815	1,430	1,385	4,935	2,565	2,370
Lithuanian	4,635	2,200	2,440	7,225	3,465	3,755
Moldovan	755	355	395	1,085	510	580
Polish	82,770	39,600	43,175	149,635	71,605	78,030
Romanian	19,850	9,650	10,205	31,250	15,125	16,125
Russian	73,035	34,960	38,075	131,060	62,880	68,180
Slovak	7,225	3,390	3,840	11,220	5,440	5,780
Ukrainian	114,455	55,670	58,785	229,205	111,285	117,915
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	2,430	1,125	1,310	3,555	1,645	1,915
Southern European origins	216,160	107,315	108,845	334,740	164,780	169,960
Albanian	1,545	755	785	1,925	975	950
Bosnian	2,845	1,405	1,440	3,290	1,635	1,655
Catalan	75	55	20	120	85	30
Croatian	16,635	8,565	8,070	23,845	12,180	11,660
Cypriot	370	215	155	440	230	205
Greek	17,690	9,105	8,590	24,460	12,410	12,050
Italian	98,515	49,760	48,760	166,095	83,095	83,000
Kosovar	215	110	105	280	135	145
Macedonian	920	485	435	1,205	620	580
Maltese	1,400	760	645	2,645	1,350	1,295
Montenegrin	600	290	315	710	360	350
Portuguese	26,515	13,145	13,375	41,770	20,620	21,145
Serbian	10,505	5,465	5,040	12,895	6,625	6,270
Sicilian	260	165	100	545	295	255
Slovenian	3,360	1,645	1,715	5,555	2,725	2,825
Spanish	48,080	22,230	25,855	64,470	29,245	35,225
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	3,680	1,710	1,975	7,080	3,360	3,725
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	270	120	150	395	200	195
Other European origins	21,440	11,170	10,265	34,700	17,800	16,900
Basque	555	325	230	840	470	375
Jewish	12,200	6,300	5,900	17,580	8,950	8,635
Roma (Gypsy)	375	155	225	805	320	485
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	550	280	270	965	520	450
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	7,890	4,170	3,725	14,715	7,635	7,080
Caribbean origins	18,050	9,030	9,015	25,010	12,350	12,660
Antiguan	155	80	75	220	115	105
Bahamian	190	105	85	255	140	110
Barbadian	1,410	740	670	1,870	945	930
Bermudan	170	85	85	335	155	175
Carib	60	35	25	70	50	25
Cuban	965	475	495	1,320	615	700
Dominican	550	255	295	735	330	410
Grenadian	280	155	130	380	195	185
Guadeloupean	10	0	10	15	0	15
Haitian	810	375	440	1,140	530	615
Jamaican	7,255	3,770	3,485	10,545	5,425	5,120
Kittitian/Nevisian	100	50	45	130	70	55
Martinican	20	0	20	25	0	20
Montserratan	20	10	10	25	15	10
Puerto Rican	320	135	180	570	260	310
St. Lucian	125	60	70	190	85	110
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	3,365	1,685	1,685	4,170	2,085	2,085
Vincentian/Grenadinian	330	150	185	415	180	230
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	1,560	720	845	2,120	930	1,190
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	1,525	750	775	1,920	945	975
Latin, Central and South American origins	54,280	26,245	28,035	69,920	33,580	36,335
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	1,990	1,030	960	2,625	1,350	1,275
Arawak	70	30	40	90	45	45
Argentinian	1,510	685	830	2,025	910	1,120
Belizean	40	15	20	125	60	65
Bolivian	220	85	135	375	145	230
Brazilian	4,475	2,025	2,445	5,455	2,465	2,990
Chilean	4,155	2,000	2,160	5,700	2,740	2,955
Colombian	4,860	2,380	2,475	5,860	2,805	3,055
Costa Rican	540	255	285	810	385	425
Ecuadorian	835	410	425	1,040	490	550
Guatemalan	2,210	1,140	1,070	2,575	1,310	1,265
Guyanese	1,360	715	645	1,925	995	935
Hispanic	1,345	645	695	1,535	720	810
Honduran	1,210	630	575	1,445	750	695
Maya	655	350	310	930	475	455
Mexican	16,750	7,980	8,765	23,055	11,025	12,035
Nicaraguan	1,155	535	620	1,520	735	785
Panamanian	210	105	105	325	140	185
Paraguayan	695	390	305	895	475	420
Peruvian	3,245	1,505	1,745	3,905	1,775	2,135
Salvadorean	6,030	3,015	3,020	6,815	3,390	3,425
Uruguayan	315	170	140	410	205	205
Venezuelan	1,620	780	835	1,900	915	980
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	2,730	1,340	1,390	3,310	1,605	1,705
African origins	44,450	22,695	21,750	59,985	30,635	29,345
Central and West African origins	5,305	2,850	2,455	7,075	3,810	3,265
Akan	30	20	10	40	30	10
Angolan	80	45	25	90	55	35
Ashanti	65	25	40	85	30	50
Beninese	30	15	15	35	20	15
Burkinabe	25	15	10	45	30	15
Cameroonian	105	60	40	150	85	70
Chadian	0	0	0	70	50	25
Congolese	685	360	320	810	405	400
Edo	80	55	25	85	55	30
Ewe	55	25	30	55	25	30
Gabonese	10	0	10	10	0	10
Gambian	25	10	10	25	10	15
Ghanaian	1,295	715	580	1,600	865	730
Guinean	125	40	80	130	45	80
Ibo	205	125	85	280	160	115
Ivorian	50	30	15	100	55	50
Liberian	215	90	125	250	95	150
Malian	40	25	10	80	55	25
Malinké	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nigerian	1,825	995	835	2,615	1,430	1,185
Peulh	25	0	15	20	0	15
Senegalese	45	35	20	95	75	25
Sierra Leonean	100	55	50	130	60	65
Togolese	85	45	35	100	70	40
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	175	85	90	255	135	125
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	430	205	225	620	305	315
North African origins	7,985	4,195	3,785	9,840	5,210	4,630
Algerian	640	380	260	770	465	305
Berber	185	115	70	210	130	80
Coptic	125	70	55	150	90	65
Dinka	45	25	20	45	25	15
Egyptian	3,670	1,910	1,760	4,520	2,340	2,180
Libyan	210	150	60	420	275	140
Maure	125	55	70	150	60	90
Moroccan	1,610	860	750	2,005	1,105	895
Sudanese	1,115	480	640	1,225	535	695
Tunisian	385	215	170	500	290	215
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	175	110	70	215	115	105
Southern and East African origins	18,610	9,405	9,205	24,800	12,345	12,450
Afrikaner	405	195	210	705	355	355
Amhara	115	60	50	115	60	50
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	240	130	115	255	140	120
Burundian	195	90	110	215	95	120
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	965	520	445	1,055	550	505
Ethiopian	2,045	1,070	975	2,550	1,280	1,270
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	1,295	630	670	1,615	775	845
Malagasy	85	50	35	105	65	40
Mauritian	820	445	370	975	520	450
Oromo	120	70	50	140	75	65
Rwandan	315	175	140	420	225	195
Seychellois	20	15	10	25	15	15
Somali	2,120	1,020	1,105	2,295	1,115	1,180
South African	7,300	3,715	3,575	11,060	5,510	5,550
Tanzanian	440	180	260	490	220	275
Tigrian	185	100	90	205	110	95
Ugandan	600	295	310	775	390	380
Zambian	135	75	60	210	95	110
Zimbabwean	645	325	315	855	445	405
Zulu	65	25	40	75	25	45
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	1,515	760	755	1,840	910	930
Other African origins	13,295	6,660	6,630	19,215	9,745	9,465
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	1,710	850	860	2,660	1,315	1,340
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	11,705	5,870	5,840	16,740	8,515	8,225
Asian origins	1,189,105	566,675	622,425	1,312,445	624,270	688,175
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	88,160	45,495	42,665	99,560	51,315	48,245
Afghan	7,590	3,840	3,750	7,895	4,005	3,885
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	4,765	2,575	2,195	5,660	3,125	2,540
Armenian	3,005	1,545	1,460	3,715	1,905	1,815
Assyrian	485	265	215	545	295	250
Azerbaijani	885	515	375	990	570	425
Georgian	575	300	275	740	380	355
Hazara	50	30	25	55	30	20
Iranian	44,765	22,725	22,040	47,985	24,290	23,695
Iraqi	5,335	2,715	2,620	5,575	2,860	2,715
Israeli	2,210	1,175	1,035	2,655	1,370	1,285
Jordanian	640	330	305	785	425	355
Kazakh	285	170	110	385	205	175
Kurd	2,015	1,100	915	2,120	1,165	950
Kuwaiti	105	70	35	125	85	40
Kyrgyz	170	90	80	175	90	85
Lebanese	5,675	2,990	2,680	7,980	4,175	3,805
Palestinian	2,325	1,250	1,070	2,625	1,410	1,210
Pashtun	355	195	160	360	200	160
Saudi Arabian	570	340	230	975	615	360
Syrian	2,970	1,430	1,545	3,955	1,905	2,055
Tajik	240	120	120	260	135	125
Tatar	675	335	345	790	365	425
Turk	5,385	2,970	2,415	6,355	3,485	2,865
Turkmen	75	45	25	120	70	55
Uighur	100	50	50	130	65	60
Uzbek	245	135	110	270	150	120
Yemeni	270	175	100	300	185	115
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	2,250	1,160	1,085	2,635	1,340	1,295
South Asian origins	329,365	164,860	164,515	363,885	182,650	181,235
Bangladeshi	1,520	745	775	1,840	925	920
Bengali	760	360	405	850	405	445
Bhutanese	95	55	45	120	65	55
East Indian	279,460	139,455	140,010	309,315	154,795	154,520
Goan	330	165	165	485	245	240
Gujarati	620	295	320	700	335	365
Kashmiri	160	85	80	185	100	85
Nepali	1,185	575	610	1,495	690	805
Pakistani	11,340	5,880	5,460	12,585	6,565	6,015
Punjabi	36,160	18,325	17,835	38,725	19,700	19,025
Sinhalese	560	300	260	620	325	300
Sri Lankan	5,275	2,785	2,495	5,710	2,970	2,740
Tamil	1,085	595	485	1,235	670	560
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	7,735	3,820	3,915	8,245	4,070	4,170
East and Southeast Asian origins	777,360	359,255	418,110	855,345	393,475	461,875
Burmese	2,055	1,050	1,010	2,310	1,135	1,175
Cambodian (Khmer)	2,645	1,270	1,380	3,235	1,580	1,655
Chinese	505,320	236,935	268,385	540,155	253,065	287,090
Filipino	138,480	61,160	77,320	158,215	68,710	89,505
Hmong	115	60	60	130	70	60
Indonesian	5,175	2,460	2,715	6,625	3,115	3,510
Japanese	39,800	17,265	22,535	51,150	22,200	28,945
Karen	890	450	445	895	450	445
Korean	57,945	26,850	31,095	63,300	29,330	33,975
Laotian	2,325	1,170	1,155	2,530	1,275	1,255
Malaysian	4,360	2,020	2,345	5,060	2,260	2,800
Mongolian	1,065	515	550	1,495	740	760
Singaporean	910	430	485	1,055	490	560
Taiwanese	20,485	9,395	11,085	21,455	9,810	11,650
Thai	3,670	1,430	2,240	5,065	1,870	3,195
Tibetan	490	260	230	550	290	260
Vietnamese	36,615	17,945	18,670	41,435	20,205	21,230
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	690	295	395	785	310	470
Other Asian origins	1,960	990	975	2,500	1,250	1,250
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	1,960	990	975	2,500	1,250	1,255
Oceania origins	29,900	15,010	14,885	41,125	20,605	20,520
Australian	10,110	5,350	4,765	16,240	8,385	7,855
New Zealander	3,900	2,015	1,885	6,565	3,405	3,155
Pacific Islands origins	16,405	7,935	8,470	19,135	9,240	9,890
Fijian	13,520	6,580	6,935	14,145	6,895	7,250
Hawaiian	1,065	445	630	2,200	970	1,235
Maori	675	385	295	1,120	595	530
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	395	170	225	600	275	325
Samoan	300	165	135	485	255	230
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	700	340	360	905	440	465
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	1,099,700	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
Owner	713,665	...	...	1,279,020	...	...
Renter	385,315	...	...	599,360	...	...
Band housing	720	...	...	3,590	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	1,099,700	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
Condominium	320,920	...	...	416,770	...	...
Not condominium	778,775	...	...	1,465,200	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	1,099,695	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
No bedrooms	17,830	...	...	22,705	...	...
1 bedroom	222,920	...	...	311,035	...	...
2 bedrooms	297,430	...	...	514,015	...	...
3 bedrooms	256,885	...	...	513,135	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	304,630	...	...	521,075	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	1,099,700	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	448,155	...	...	642,910	...	...
5 rooms	150,085	...	...	274,780	...	...
6 rooms	119,960	...	...	235,845	...	...
7 rooms	100,175	...	...	199,715	...	...
8 or more rooms	281,330	...	...	528,720	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.7	...	...	6.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	1,099,700	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
One person or fewer per room	1,063,790	...	...	1,839,850	...	...
More than 1 person per room	35,910	...	...	42,120	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	1,099,700	...	...	1,881,965	...	...
Suitable	1,022,865	...	...	1,781,905	...	...
Not suitable	76,835	...	...	100,060	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	1,099,695	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
1960 or before	141,215	...	...	267,560	...	...
1961 to 1980	291,790	...	...	559,485	...	...
1981 to 1990	176,270	...	...	289,565	...	...
1991 to 2000	201,335	...	...	331,865	...	...
2001 to 2005	82,040	...	...	125,335	...	...
2006 to 2010	110,680	...	...	171,945	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	96,365	...	...	136,210	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	1,099,700	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	1,036,760	...	...	1,763,105	...	...
Major repairs needed	62,940	...	...	118,865	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	1,099,700	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
1 household maintainer	634,075	...	...	1,091,500	...	...
2 household maintainers	419,750	...	...	725,675	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	45,865	...	...	64,790	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	1,099,700	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
15 to 24 years	33,720	...	...	58,620	...	...
25 to 34 years	160,215	...	...	253,950	...	...
35 to 44 years	194,530	...	...	304,185	...	...
45 to 54 years	237,445	...	...	378,545	...	...
55 to 64 years	217,460	...	...	390,185	...	...
65 to 74 years	148,500	...	...	288,165	...	...
75 to 84 years	77,755	...	...	152,225	...	...
85 years and over	30,070	...	...	56,085	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	1,085,045	...	...	1,832,420	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	746,225	...	...	1,320,210	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	338,820	...	...	512,210	...	...
30% to less than 100%	270,200	...	...	420,705	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	703,945	...	...	1,242,600	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	60.7	...	...	58.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	24.6	...	...	20.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,352	...	...	1,149	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,581	...	...	1,387	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	700,255	...	...	500,874	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	939,163	...	...	720,689	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	383,190	...	...	592,825	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	12.8	...	...	12.5	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	43.3	...	...	43.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,111	...	...	1,036	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,222	...	...	1,149	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	2,360,010	1,143,755	1,216,260	3,870,375	1,882,770	1,987,605
No certificate, diploma or degree	343,535	168,935	174,605	601,640	305,320	296,315
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	686,895	336,215	350,685	1,138,565	549,580	588,985
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,329,580	638,610	690,970	2,130,175	1,027,870	1,102,310
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	163,580	117,280	46,300	338,980	250,270	88,720
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	74,665	43,065	31,595	142,935	83,055	59,880
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	88,920	74,215	14,705	196,045	167,210	28,840
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	397,400	164,850	232,550	700,945	280,300	420,645
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	90,095	37,400	52,700	138,010	54,420	83,585
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	678,500	319,070	359,425	952,240	442,880	509,360
Bachelor's degree	446,730	204,770	241,955	622,670	281,020	341,655
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	49,140	20,395	28,745	69,005	28,575	40,430
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	19,690	10,760	8,930	29,110	16,690	12,420
Master's degree	138,725	68,075	70,650	195,825	94,360	101,465
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	24,215	15,070	9,150	35,625	22,240	13,390
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	1,583,325	765,210	818,115	2,532,975	1,227,040	1,305,940
No certificate, diploma or degree	136,335	72,020	64,315	244,000	134,410	109,585
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	399,705	199,385	200,320	671,010	330,835	340,175
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,047,285	493,805	553,475	1,617,965	761,790	856,175
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	114,865	83,125	31,735	231,445	172,290	59,155
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	52,430	30,455	21,975	97,350	56,920	40,435
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	62,435	52,670	9,760	134,095	115,370	18,725
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	306,545	127,300	179,250	528,805	210,880	317,925
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	67,405	27,635	39,770	99,695	39,205	60,490
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	558,470	255,745	302,725	758,015	339,415	418,605
Bachelor's degree	366,625	165,110	201,510	497,845	219,005	278,840
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	39,245	15,785	23,455	52,955	20,995	31,965
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	15,685	7,910	7,770	22,440	11,665	10,775
Master's degree	118,405	56,090	62,310	159,740	73,335	86,405
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	18,520	10,845	7,675	25,030	14,420	10,615
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	2,360,015	1,143,755	1,216,260	3,870,380	1,882,770	1,987,610
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	1,030,430	505,145	525,285	1,740,205	854,900	885,300
Education	81,245	18,285	62,965	144,100	34,915	109,185
13. Education	81,250	18,285	62,965	144,100	34,910	109,185
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	72,100	33,070	39,035	98,735	44,465	54,275
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	12,450	9,435	3,020	16,970	12,880	4,090
50. Visual and performing arts	59,650	23,635	36,015	81,765	31,580	50,185
Humanities	89,195	34,325	54,870	124,600	49,025	75,575
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	11,785	2,755	9,025	15,235	3,675	11,555
23. English language and literature/letters	24,505	7,600	16,910	34,710	10,845	23,865
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	27,660	10,705	16,955	35,720	13,670	22,050
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	360	135	220	585	210	375
38. Philosophy and religious studies	4,510	2,685	1,825	6,710	4,050	2,660
39. Theology and religious vocations	7,385	4,395	2,995	12,275	7,400	4,880
54. History	10,480	5,565	4,915	15,780	8,475	7,300
55. French language and literature/letters	2,500	475	2,025	3,580	705	2,880
Social and behavioural sciences and law	169,555	62,275	107,280	245,990	87,960	158,025
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	2,765	740	2,030	4,120	1,060	3,060
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	17,515	6,340	11,175	23,180	8,505	14,680
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	22,285	1,960	20,325	38,070	3,285	34,785
22. Legal professions and studies	26,665	9,855	16,810	38,505	13,545	24,955
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	2,930	850	2,075	4,325	1,345	2,985
42. Psychology	29,175	8,190	20,985	43,230	12,480	30,750
45. Social sciences	68,220	34,340	33,880	94,560	47,755	46,810
Business, management and public administration	285,235	120,410	164,825	426,460	166,470	259,990
30.16 Accounting and computer science	480	140	340	775	215	560
44. Public administration and social service professions	12,395	2,925	9,470	26,520	5,960	20,565
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	272,360	117,350	155,015	399,160	160,295	238,865
Physical and life sciences and technologies	59,630	31,260	28,375	86,425	46,070	40,355
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	24,250	10,835	13,415	36,760	16,800	19,960
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	14,285	7,045	7,245	19,025	9,400	9,620
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	655	170	485	835	225	610
40. Physical sciences	18,510	12,515	6,000	26,370	18,395	7,975
41. Science technologies/technicians	1,930	695	1,235	3,440	1,255	2,185
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	60,370	39,255	21,110	80,070	51,490	28,575
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	47,755	33,645	14,110	62,795	43,900	18,890
25. Library science	3,585	505	3,080	5,560	755	4,805
27. Mathematics and statistics	8,420	4,725	3,690	10,875	6,295	4,580
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	605	380	230	835	540	300
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	242,705	215,370	27,340	427,670	388,335	39,340
04. Architecture and related services	11,965	7,655	4,315	15,490	9,985	5,505
14. Engineering	77,985	63,215	14,770	98,455	81,055	17,395
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	38,270	33,820	4,445	68,500	60,490	8,010
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	40	25	15	90	25	65
46. Construction trades	47,985	46,495	1,490	100,765	97,615	3,150
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	44,505	43,115	1,390	97,720	94,520	3,200
48. Precision production	21,955	21,045	910	46,660	44,650	2,015
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	21,215	12,305	8,905	50,210	31,680	18,525
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	13,030	7,030	6,005	24,950	13,670	11,275
03. Natural resources and conservation	8,185	5,280	2,900	25,260	18,010	7,250
Health and related fields	184,110	40,830	143,275	322,715	65,735	256,975
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	14,595	7,525	7,075	23,740	11,920	11,820
51. Health professions and related programs	163,815	30,150	133,660	290,645	48,985	241,655
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	5,695	3,155	2,540	8,330	4,835	3,495
Personal, protective and transportation services	63,980	31,145	32,840	122,855	61,605	61,250
12. Personal and culinary services	43,465	13,975	29,485	79,740	24,860	54,885
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	120	115	10	320	290	30
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	380	370	15	1,235	1,120	115
43. Security and protective services	7,505	5,540	1,960	13,935	10,390	3,545
49. Transportation and materials moving	12,505	11,140	1,370	27,620	24,945	2,680
Other	240	75	160	355	115	240
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	240	75	160	350	115	240
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	1,583,325	765,210	818,115	2,532,980	1,227,040	1,305,935
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	536,045	271,405	264,635	915,015	465,250	449,765
Education	56,990	12,000	44,990	96,005	21,035	74,970
13. Education	56,985	11,995	44,990	96,010	21,035	74,975
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	58,315	26,545	31,775	77,655	34,430	43,225
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	9,795	7,445	2,350	12,710	9,580	3,130
50. Visual and performing arts	48,515	19,095	29,415	64,940	24,845	40,090
Humanities	69,615	25,905	43,715	93,605	35,490	58,115
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	9,420	2,000	7,420	11,710	2,510	9,195
23. English language and literature/letters	18,870	5,745	13,130	25,665	7,810	17,850
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	22,325	8,355	13,975	28,260	10,505	17,750
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	280	115	165	425	170	255
38. Philosophy and religious studies	3,495	2,055	1,445	4,970	2,960	2,010
39. Theology and religious vocations	5,270	3,115	2,150	8,330	4,945	3,385
54. History	8,105	4,165	3,940	11,805	6,140	5,665
55. French language and literature/letters	1,845	355	1,485	2,445	455	2,000
Social and behavioural sciences and law	138,545	49,215	89,325	196,450	67,000	129,450
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	2,410	630	1,780	3,460	845	2,615
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15,000	5,285	9,715	19,685	6,940	12,750
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	17,730	1,550	16,185	29,855	2,505	27,350
22. Legal professions and studies	21,915	7,315	14,600	31,190	9,665	21,525
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	2,370	690	1,680	3,540	1,110	2,425
42. Psychology	23,285	6,240	17,045	33,055	8,845	24,210
45. Social sciences	55,835	27,515	28,320	75,665	37,095	38,575
Business, management and public administration	232,260	96,650	135,610	335,220	128,975	206,245
30.16 Accounting and computer science	350	120	230	540	170	365
44. Public administration and social service professions	9,770	2,215	7,560	20,695	4,240	16,455
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	222,140	94,315	127,825	313,985	124,565	189,425
Physical and life sciences and technologies	45,260	22,930	22,325	63,705	32,325	31,385
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	19,250	8,440	10,805	28,505	12,595	15,915
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10,485	4,975	5,505	13,825	6,570	7,260
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	520	125	395	645	160	485
40. Physical sciences	13,695	8,945	4,755	18,525	12,250	6,270
41. Science technologies/technicians	1,310	440	870	2,210	750	1,460
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	52,935	34,795	18,135	68,660	44,820	23,840
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	43,400	30,660	12,745	56,390	39,660	16,725
25. Library science	2,630	385	2,245	3,830	545	3,290
27. Mathematics and statistics	6,380	3,440	2,945	7,760	4,185	3,570
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	510	315	200	680	430	250
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	184,345	160,545	23,795	310,855	277,375	33,475
04. Architecture and related services	9,635	5,795	3,840	12,110	7,240	4,875
14. Engineering	63,065	49,735	13,330	76,935	61,380	15,560
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	28,185	24,570	3,615	48,690	42,285	6,405
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	30	20	10	65	20	45
46. Construction trades	35,680	34,460	1,220	72,800	70,225	2,570
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	32,815	31,760	1,060	69,025	66,545	2,480
48. Precision production	14,935	14,210	725	31,225	29,690	1,535
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	16,810	9,385	7,425	39,360	23,810	15,555
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	10,225	5,315	4,905	18,965	9,875	9,090
03. Natural resources and conservation	6,580	4,060	2,515	20,395	13,930	6,470
Health and related fields	143,705	32,145	111,560	244,975	50,520	194,460
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	11,655	5,995	5,660	18,900	9,380	9,520
51. Health professions and related programs	127,575	23,855	103,720	219,800	37,800	182,000
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	4,475	2,295	2,180	6,285	3,340	2,940
Personal, protective and transportation services	48,325	23,640	24,685	91,185	45,925	45,265
12. Personal and culinary services	32,480	10,620	21,865	58,820	18,880	39,945
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	60	45	10	195	165	30
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	145	145	0	570	505	65
43. Security and protective services	6,160	4,465	1,700	11,175	8,110	3,060
49. Transportation and materials moving	9,485	8,365	1,120	20,430	18,265	2,165
Other	190	65	130	275	85	185
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	190	65	125	270	85	185
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	2,360,010	1,143,750	1,216,255	3,870,380	1,882,770	1,987,610
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,030,430	505,145	525,285	1,740,205	854,900	885,300
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	1,329,580	638,605	690,970	2,130,175	1,027,870	1,102,305
Location of study inside Canada	925,655	446,190	479,465	1,625,550	785,340	840,205
Same as province or territory of residence	744,325	354,370	389,950	1,243,905	593,275	650,635
Different than province or territory of residence	181,330	91,820	89,510	381,645	192,070	189,575
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	403,925	192,415	211,510	504,630	242,530	262,100
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	47,055	25,960	21,095	74,030	40,425	33,610
Philippines	49,625	18,340	31,290	56,845	20,455	36,395
India	39,695	19,685	20,005	44,115	22,045	22,065
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	37,425	20,485	16,940	58,825	31,920	26,910
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	59,115	26,525	32,585	61,840	27,630	34,210
France	3,545	1,965	1,580	4,385	2,360	2,025
Other	167,460	79,445	88,010	204,580	97,700	106,885
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	1,583,325	765,210	818,115	2,532,975	1,227,040	1,305,935
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	536,040	271,410	264,635	915,015	465,250	449,765
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	1,047,285	493,800	553,480	1,617,960	761,790	856,170
Location of study inside Canada	729,685	348,530	381,155	1,239,640	589,155	650,490
Same as province or territory of residence	593,200	279,360	313,840	970,485	454,780	515,700
Different than province or territory of residence	136,490	69,170	67,320	269,155	134,375	134,785
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	317,600	145,275	172,325	378,325	172,640	205,685
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	34,780	18,680	16,100	50,095	26,175	23,920
Philippines	42,475	15,510	26,960	48,935	17,385	31,555
India	33,475	15,830	17,645	36,800	17,455	19,345
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	23,655	12,740	10,920	32,890	17,360	15,530
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	51,215	22,490	28,720	53,570	23,445	30,125
France	2,950	1,655	1,295	3,505	1,885	1,615
Other	129,050	58,365	70,685	152,530	68,935	83,595
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	2,360,010	1,143,755	1,216,255	3,870,375	1,882,770	1,987,610
In the labour force	1,545,000	803,635	741,360	2,471,665	1,285,835	1,185,830
Employed	1,453,780	757,485	696,290	2,305,690	1,194,455	1,111,240
Unemployed	91,220	46,150	45,070	165,975	91,385	74,590
Not in the labour force	815,010	340,115	474,895	1,398,710	596,935	801,775
Participation rate	65.5	70.3	61.0	63.9	68.3	59.7
Employment rate	61.6	66.2	57.2	59.6	63.4	55.9
Unemployment rate	5.9	5.7	6.1	6.7	7.1	6.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	2,360,015	1,143,755	1,216,255	3,870,375	1,882,770	1,987,605
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	762,650	317,295	445,355	1,290,235	547,350	742,885
Worked	1,597,365	826,460	770,900	2,580,140	1,335,420	1,244,720
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	749,170	429,675	319,495	1,183,405	675,950	507,460
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	848,190	396,785	451,405	1,396,735	659,470	737,260
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.2	43.0	41.3	41.8	42.4	41.1
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	1,545,000	803,635	741,365	2,471,670	1,285,840	1,185,835
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	28,125	13,160	14,960	43,805	21,245	22,555
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	1,516,875	790,480	726,400	2,427,860	1,264,585	1,163,275
Employee	1,308,545	660,730	647,815	2,084,470	1,054,630	1,029,840
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	208,335	129,750	78,585	343,395	209,955	133,430
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	1,545,000	803,635	741,365	2,471,665	1,285,835	1,185,830
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	28,125	13,160	14,965	43,805	21,245	22,560
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	1,516,875	790,475	726,400	2,427,860	1,264,585	1,163,270
0 Management occupations	177,290	110,865	66,420	275,000	168,820	106,180
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	246,295	76,960	169,335	368,940	106,205	262,740
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	109,145	85,895	23,250	161,520	127,060	34,460
3 Health occupations	95,820	22,275	73,550	162,865	35,775	127,095
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	168,285	55,755	112,525	269,255	87,765	181,485
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	67,390	34,230	33,160	93,100	44,855	48,245
6 Sales and service occupations	375,090	164,145	210,940	595,225	251,490	343,735
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	204,040	192,130	11,905	360,970	339,660	21,315
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	26,665	17,415	9,255	64,235	47,530	16,700
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	46,860	30,805	16,055	76,745	55,430	21,315
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	1,545,000	803,635	741,360	2,471,665	1,285,835	1,185,830
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	28,125	13,160	14,965	43,805	21,250	22,555
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	1,516,875	790,475	726,400	2,427,865	1,264,590	1,163,270
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	24,005	12,950	11,055	65,205	42,840	22,360
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	5,625	4,270	1,350	25,920	21,810	4,115
22 Utilities	7,550	5,005	2,545	12,445	8,915	3,535
23 Construction	118,280	103,430	14,850	199,985	175,195	24,790
31-33 Manufacturing	99,620	68,295	31,325	157,560	113,945	43,615
41 Wholesale trade	61,385	40,380	21,005	82,105	55,530	26,580
44-45 Retail trade	170,715	79,410	91,305	283,135	129,985	153,150
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	86,605	66,950	19,660	128,400	98,580	29,815
51 Information and cultural industries	52,940	33,240	19,700	67,225	41,065	26,155
52 Finance and insurance	69,985	30,580	39,410	93,805	38,430	55,380
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	38,655	21,070	17,585	54,995	29,515	25,475
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	142,645	79,495	63,150	196,670	107,680	88,990
55 Management of companies and enterprises	3,425	1,580	1,845	4,320	1,975	2,345
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	70,150	40,470	29,680	109,095	62,325	46,775
61 Educational services	111,720	37,435	74,290	173,820	56,455	117,365
62 Health care and social assistance	156,670	31,390	125,275	270,855	52,320	218,530
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	35,330	17,885	17,440	57,940	29,050	28,895
72 Accommodation and food services	127,995	55,070	72,925	207,045	86,555	120,490
81 Other services (except public administration)	70,130	29,205	40,920	112,335	47,960	64,375
91 Public administration	63,450	32,365	31,090	125,000	64,450	60,545
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	1,453,785	757,485	696,295	2,305,690	1,194,455	1,111,240
Worked at home	121,140	60,495	60,650	196,510	95,515	100,990
Worked outside Canada	13,560	9,610	3,950	16,040	11,285	4,760
No fixed workplace address	200,490	147,475	53,015	326,180	243,130	83,050
Worked at usual place	1,118,595	539,910	578,675	1,766,965	844,520	922,440
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	1,118,590	539,910	578,680	1,766,965	844,520	922,440
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	509,115	223,950	285,170	864,410	382,105	482,305
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	560,645	286,720	273,925	807,840	405,435	402,400
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	44,075	26,195	17,880	81,750	47,820	33,930
Commute to a different province or territory	4,755	3,050	1,705	12,965	9,160	3,805
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	1,319,080	687,385	631,695	2,093,145	1,087,655	1,005,490
Car, truck, van - as a driver	876,870	490,785	386,085	1,475,585	803,485	672,095
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	69,560	28,120	41,435	114,580	49,075	65,500
Public transit	240,765	102,620	138,140	274,205	117,830	156,375
Walked	85,505	37,225	48,275	142,310	62,395	79,920
Bicycle	29,675	19,115	10,560	51,350	32,665	18,680
Other method	16,710	9,510	7,195	35,115	22,195	12,915
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	1,319,080	687,385	631,695	2,093,140	1,087,650	1,005,490
Less than 15 minutes	266,155	119,455	146,700	601,950	276,005	325,950
15 to 29 minutes	422,085	214,965	207,120	689,520	353,590	335,925
30 to 44 minutes	331,125	183,960	147,170	425,680	237,995	187,685
45 to 59 minutes	151,550	84,385	67,165	184,690	104,220	80,465
60 minutes and over	148,165	84,615	63,550	191,305	115,840	75,470
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	1,319,080	687,385	631,700	2,093,140	1,087,650	1,005,490
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	92,365	64,240	28,130	142,370	101,315	41,050
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	211,900	129,415	82,480	342,500	214,795	127,700
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	320,695	162,140	158,555	526,485	271,110	255,375
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	291,345	133,145	158,195	470,210	202,910	267,295
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	201,725	90,890	110,835	292,185	125,470	166,715
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	201,055	107,560	93,490	319,400	172,045	147,355
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	1,655,140	854,150	800,990	2,670,700	1,378,580	1,292,120
Single responses	1,610,800	832,040	778,760	2,622,495	1,354,780	1,267,710
Official languages	1,530,345	789,300	741,045	2,537,990	1,309,980	1,228,015
English	1,526,680	788,325	738,360	2,531,850	1,308,325	1,223,530
French	3,660	980	2,680	6,140	1,660	4,485
Non-official languages	80,450	42,735	37,715	84,500	44,805	39,705
Aboriginal languages	20	10	10	260	75	180
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	10
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	0	0	10	0	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	45	15	30
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	45	15	30
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	20	0	15
Chilcotin	0	0	0	20	10	10
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	10
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	15	10	10	110	30	85
Comox	0	0	0	10	0	10
Halkomelem	10	0	10	15	0	15
Lillooet	10	0	10	15	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	20	0	20
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	30	10	25
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	15	0	10
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	25	10	20
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	15	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	10	10	10
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	30	10	20
Haisla	0	0	0	10	0	10
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	80,435	42,735	37,700	84,245	44,730	39,520
Afro-Asiatic languages	410	265	145	440	295	145
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	10	0	10	0	0	10
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	0	0	10	0	10
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	405	265	140	435	295	135
Amharic	0	0	0	15	15	0
Arabic	295	215	85	320	235	85
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	25	15	10	25	20	10
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	75	30	50	75	30	50
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	2,205	1,020	1,190	2,505	1,165	1,345
Khmer (Cambodian)	20	15	10	45	30	20
Vietnamese	2,185	1,005	1,180	2,460	1,140	1,325
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	760	370	395	825	385	440
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	0	10	20	0	20
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	30	10	15	30	15	20
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	55	35	15	65	35	20
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	640	305	340	695	320	375
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	20	15	10
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	30	10	15	30	15	20
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	25	15	15	30	10	15
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	22,135	12,450	9,685	23,765	13,305	10,460
Albanian	10	15	0	15	15	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	750	345	405	950	440	510
Baltic languages	10	10	10	10	10	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	0	10	10	0	0
Slavic languages	740	335	400	935	435	500
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	0	10	15	0	10
Bulgarian	0	10	0	10	0	10
Croatian	25	10	20	30	10	25
Czech	30	20	15	40	20	10
Macedonian	10	0	10	0	0	10
Polish	95	45	50	115	50	70
Russian	435	190	250	565	255	315
Serbian	80	45	35	95	55	40
Serbo-Croatian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	10	15	0	15	10	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	20	10	10	40	25	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	450	240	205	805	465	335
Afrikaans	10	0	0	15	10	0
Danish	20	10	10	15	15	0
Dutch	95	55	45	120	70	45
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	270	140	130	590	330	260
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	15	10	10	15	10	10
Swedish	30	20	10	25	20	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	10	0	0	10	10	10
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	55	25	35	55	25	30
Indo-Iranian languages	19,025	10,880	8,145	19,805	11,280	8,535
Indo-Aryan languages	17,945	10,160	7,785	18,715	10,560	8,160
Bengali	15	15	10	15	15	0
Gujarati	40	15	20	35	15	25
Hindi	275	165	110	300	185	110
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	20	10	10	20	10	10
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	17,545	9,935	7,610	18,295	10,310	7,985
Sindhi	10	0	10	0	0	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	45	20	20	45	25	25
Iranian languages	1,075	720	355	1,085	720	365
Kurdish	25	20	0	25	25	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	1,045	695	350	1,060	700	360
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,845	945	900	2,140	1,085	1,060
Catalan	10	10	0	10	10	0
Italian	90	40	50	110	50	60
Portuguese	495	250	250	515	255	260
Romanian	70	45	20	70	45	25
Spanish	1,185	605	575	1,435	725	710
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	10	0	0
Japanese	1,580	610	970	1,730	650	1,080
Kartvelian languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Korean	5,315	2,825	2,495	5,585	3,005	2,585
Mongolic languages	10	10	10	10	10	0
Mongolian	10	0	0	10	10	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	10	15	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	10	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	200	60	135	280	90	190
American Sign Language	145	30	120	215	45	165
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	55	30	20	70	45	25
Sino-Tibetan languages	47,565	24,985	22,575	48,735	25,645	23,085
Chinese languages	47,480	24,935	22,550	48,645	25,595	23,055
Cantonese	22,975	11,690	11,285	23,555	12,020	11,535
Hakka	10	10	0	15	0	10
Mandarin	23,365	12,665	10,700	23,835	12,935	10,900
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	205	120	85	210	120	85
Wu (Shanghainese)	50	25	25	50	25	20
Chinese, n.o.s.	880	425	450	985	485	500
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	80	50	25	85	50	30
Burmese	20	10	15	25	15	15
Karenic languages	50	35	20	55	35	15
Tibetan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	110	50	60	170	65	110
Lao	10	0	0	10	0	10
Thai	100	45	50	165	65	105
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	55	45	10	65	50	15
Azerbaijani	10	0	0	0	10	0
Turkish	35	30	10	55	40	15
Uyghur	0	0	10	0	10	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	35	20	10	45	20	25
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	15	10	10	25	10	15
Hungarian	15	10	10	25	10	15
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	30	15	15	35	20	20
Multiple responses	44,345	22,115	22,230	48,205	23,795	24,410
English and French	3,040	1,340	1,700	4,210	1,865	2,345
English and non-official language	40,890	20,620	20,280	43,480	21,760	21,720
French and non-official language	45	30	15	55	30	25
English, French and non-official language	370	130	245	465	145	320
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	1,655,140	854,155	800,990	2,670,700	1,378,580	1,292,120
None	1,506,445	779,895	726,550	2,498,070	1,293,650	1,204,420
English	32,960	16,915	16,045	36,505	18,270	18,235
French	13,510	5,980	7,525	22,465	10,170	12,300
Non-official language	99,580	50,090	49,490	110,375	54,925	55,455
Aboriginal	225	85	140	1,860	630	1,225
Non-Aboriginal	99,355	50,010	49,340	108,515	54,295	54,225
English and French	45	30	10	60	40	15
English and non-official language	1,125	540	585	1,155	545	610
French and non-official language	1,475	695	780	2,070	980	1,090
English, French and non-official language	10	10	0	10	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	2,758,670	1,349,480	1,409,190	4,516,810	2,215,515	2,301,295
Non-movers	2,322,805	1,134,745	1,188,055	3,811,375	1,868,420	1,942,945
Movers	435,865	214,735	221,130	705,440	347,095	358,345
Non-migrants	237,275	116,530	120,750	386,620	189,765	196,855
Migrants	198,585	98,210	100,380	318,825	157,335	161,490
Internal migrants	141,125	69,945	71,175	249,960	123,425	126,540
Intraprovincial migrants	113,300	55,740	57,550	188,225	92,150	96,070
Interprovincial migrants	27,830	14,205	13,620	61,740	31,275	30,465
External migrants	57,465	28,265	29,200	68,860	33,910	34,950
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	2,648,905	1,292,945	1,355,960	4,339,960	2,124,780	2,215,180
Non-movers	1,490,310	727,555	762,760	2,490,535	1,220,635	1,269,905
Movers	1,158,595	565,395	593,200	1,849,425	904,145	945,275
Non-migrants	591,830	288,480	303,350	940,895	460,185	480,710
Migrants	566,765	276,910	289,855	908,535	443,965	464,570
Internal migrants	369,565	181,370	188,200	672,805	329,700	343,105
Intraprovincial migrants	296,645	145,200	151,445	503,685	245,895	257,795
Interprovincial migrants	72,920	36,165	36,755	169,115	83,805	85,310
External migrants	197,200	95,545	101,650	235,730	114,265	121,465