Census Profile, 2016 Census
Markham, City [Census subdivision], Ontario and Ontario [Province]

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Markham, CY Ontario [Census subdivision]			Ontario [Province]
	Data quality , Markham, City [Census subdivision], Ontario  Map : Markham, City [Census subdivision], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Ontario [Province]  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	328,966	...	...	13,448,494	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	301,709	...	...	12,851,821	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	9.0	...	...	4.6	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	106,131	...	...	5,598,391	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	102,676	...	...	5,169,174	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,549.2	...	...	14.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	212.35	...	...	908,699.33	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	328,965	160,185	168,780	13,448,495	6,559,390	6,889,105
0 to 14 years	55,390	28,570	26,815	2,207,970	1,131,615	1,076,350
0 to 4 years	17,085	8,715	8,370	697,360	357,300	340,055
5 to 9 years	19,085	9,905	9,180	756,085	387,320	368,765
10 to 14 years	19,220	9,950	9,270	754,530	387,000	367,530
15 to 64 years	223,655	108,230	115,420	8,988,865	4,412,115	4,576,750
15 to 19 years	21,095	10,910	10,185	811,670	416,730	394,945
20 to 24 years	21,455	11,225	10,230	894,390	457,815	436,570
25 to 29 years	21,170	10,705	10,460	874,350	436,345	438,010
30 to 34 years	20,385	9,840	10,550	864,765	420,800	443,965
35 to 39 years	20,345	9,305	11,035	842,485	402,900	439,585
40 to 44 years	23,535	10,785	12,745	871,875	418,465	453,415
45 to 49 years	24,860	11,650	13,210	937,385	453,105	484,275
50 to 54 years	25,980	12,400	13,580	1,056,345	517,170	539,175
55 to 59 years	23,510	11,235	12,270	989,460	482,280	507,180
60 to 64 years	21,325	10,175	11,150	846,145	406,505	439,640
65 years and over	49,920	23,380	26,540	2,251,655	1,015,655	1,236,000
65 to 69 years	18,215	8,835	9,380	737,745	352,475	385,270
70 to 74 years	11,865	5,710	6,150	528,645	250,455	278,185
75 to 79 years	8,645	4,130	4,510	393,010	179,810	213,195
80 to 84 years	5,885	2,685	3,195	291,185	126,825	164,360
85 years and over	5,320	2,020	3,300	301,075	106,090	194,985
85 to 89 years	3,395	1,370	2,025	188,470	73,045	115,425
90 to 94 years	1,475	505	965	88,390	27,400	60,990
95 to 99 years	390	120	270	21,210	5,150	16,060
100 years and over	60	15	40	3,005	495	2,520
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.8	17.8	15.9	16.4	17.3	15.6
15 to 64 years	68.0	67.6	68.4	66.8	67.3	66.4
65 years and over	15.2	14.6	15.7	16.7	15.5	17.9
85 years and over	1.6	1.3	2.0	2.2	1.6	2.8
Average age of the population	40.2	39.3	41.1	41.0	40.0	41.9
Median age of the population	41.1	39.8	42.1	41.3	40.2	42.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	102,675	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
Single-detached house	60,890	...	...	2,807,380	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	13,755	...	...	886,705	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	28,025	...	...	1,460,200	...	...
Semi-detached house	6,515	...	...	289,975	...	...
Row house	13,970	...	...	460,425	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	5,875	...	...	176,080	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,655	...	...	522,810	...	...
Other single-attached house	10	...	...	10,910	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	5	...	...	14,890	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	102,675	...	...	5,169,170	...	...
1 person	13,790	...	...	1,341,300	...	...
2 persons	25,955	...	...	1,693,525	...	...
3 persons	21,540	...	...	834,260	...	...
4 persons	23,450	...	...	796,320	...	...
5 or more persons	17,940	...	...	503,775	...	...
Number of persons in private households	327,400	...	...	13,242,160	...	...
Average household size	3.2	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	273,575	131,615	141,965	11,240,525	5,427,775	5,812,750
Married or living common law	170,415	84,750	85,665	6,438,085	3,219,290	3,218,795
Married	162,185	80,645	81,535	5,531,930	2,764,275	2,767,655
Living common law	8,230	4,105	4,125	906,155	455,015	451,145
Not married and not living common law	103,160	46,865	56,295	4,802,440	2,208,485	2,593,955
Never married	73,855	38,935	34,915	3,182,785	1,689,180	1,493,605
Separated	4,790	1,760	3,025	328,675	138,140	190,535
Divorced	12,235	4,055	8,185	653,835	252,900	400,935
Widowed	12,280	2,115	10,165	637,150	128,265	508,880
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	95,480	...	...	3,782,540	...	...
2 persons	35,780	...	...	1,815,000	...	...
3 persons	25,420	...	...	844,545	...	...
4 persons	26,175	...	...	792,435	...	...
5 or more persons	8,095	...	...	330,560	...	...
Average size of census families	3.1	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	95,480	...	...	3,782,545	...	...
Total couple families	82,340	...	...	3,137,570	...	...
Married couples	78,225	...	...	2,684,735	...	...
Common-law couples	4,115	...	...	452,840	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	13,145	...	...	644,975	...	...
Female parent	10,700	...	...	518,480	...	...
Male parent	2,445	...	...	126,495	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	82,335	...	...	3,137,565	...	...
Couples without children	27,935	...	...	1,428,575	...	...
Couples with children	54,400	...	...	1,708,995	...	...
1 child	21,305	...	...	658,305	...	...
2 children	25,220	...	...	738,710	...	...
3 or more children	7,880	...	...	311,975	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	13,140	...	...	644,975	...	...
1 child	7,845	...	...	386,425	...	...
2 children	4,115	...	...	186,240	...	...
3 or more children	1,180	...	...	72,310	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	32,640	13,180	19,460	2,139,825	990,525	1,149,300
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	102,675	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
One-census-family households	78,515	...	...	3,481,885	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	20,915	...	...	1,311,575	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	57,600	...	...	2,170,315	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	8,165	...	...	145,615	...	...
Non-census-family households	16,000	...	...	1,541,665	...	...
One-person households	13,790	...	...	1,341,305	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	2,210	...	...	200,365	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	327,785	159,850	167,930	13,312,865	6,503,875	6,808,990
English only	275,720	137,435	138,280	11,455,500	5,689,830	5,765,665
French only	125	50	70	40,040	17,340	22,705
English and French	19,155	8,335	10,820	1,490,390	665,850	824,540
Neither English nor French	32,795	14,035	18,760	326,935	130,850	196,085
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	327,790	159,850	167,935	13,312,865	6,503,880	6,808,995
English	290,225	143,645	146,580	12,394,325	6,095,970	6,298,355
French	2,180	1,000	1,180	504,130	236,875	267,250
English and French	2,995	1,360	1,635	92,940	42,910	50,030
Neither English nor French	32,385	13,855	18,540	321,480	128,125	193,355
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	3,675	1,675	2,000	550,600	258,330	292,270
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	1.1	1.0	1.2	4.1	4.0	4.3
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	327,785	159,850	167,935	13,312,870	6,503,875	6,808,990
Single responses	313,580	152,945	160,630	12,946,960	6,327,630	6,619,330
Official languages	116,085	58,910	57,170	9,393,040	4,637,520	4,755,520
English	114,200	58,060	56,140	8,902,320	4,406,210	4,496,110
French	1,880	845	1,035	490,715	231,310	259,410
Non-official languages	197,500	94,035	103,460	3,553,920	1,690,110	1,863,810
Aboriginal languages	5	0	5	22,765	10,815	11,950
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	21,235	10,175	11,060
Blackfoot	0	0	0	10	5	5
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	5,080	2,485	2,595
Atikamekw	0	0	0	5	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Moose Cree	0	0	0	85	40	45
Naskapi	0	0	0	10	5	5
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	55	25	30
Plains Cree	0	0	0	35	5	30
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	5	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	355	135	225
Woods Cree	0	0	0	15	10	5
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	4,500	2,255	2,245
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	90	40	50
Malecite	0	0	0	10	5	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	85	35	50
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	16,025	7,620	8,400
Algonquin	0	0	0	65	30	35
Ojibway	0	0	0	9,505	4,515	4,985
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	6,310	3,015	3,300
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	145	65	80
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	20	10
Athabaskan languages	5	5	0	60	20	40
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	0	5	55	20	35
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	5	0	5
Chilcotin	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dene	0	0	0	20	10	10
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	0	0	10	0	5
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Haida	0	0	0	0	5	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	475	165	305
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Inuktitut	0	0	0	425	145	280
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	20	25
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	710	300	410
Cayuga	0	0	0	40	20	20
Mohawk	0	0	0	590	255	335
Oneida	0	0	0	55	15	40
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	5	15
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	25	15	15
Salish languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Dakota	0	0	0	5	5	5
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Nisga'a	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	235	130	105
Non-Aboriginal languages	197,490	94,035	103,455	3,531,160	1,679,300	1,851,865
Afro-Asiatic languages	3,350	1,645	1,705	253,830	127,720	126,110
Berber languages	5	5	0	725	405	320
Kabyle	0	0	0	425	225	200
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	305	180	120
Cushitic languages	140	60	75	24,605	10,730	13,870
Bilen	0	0	0	250	140	110
Oromo	10	5	0	1,445	720	730
Somali	130	55	75	22,680	9,755	12,925
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	225	115	110
Semitic languages	3,210	1,580	1,625	227,985	116,320	111,665
Amharic	55	25	30	10,720	4,960	5,760
Arabic	2,720	1,345	1,370	171,370	88,400	82,965
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	15	10	5	14,555	7,135	7,420
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	5	0	0	4,795	2,365	2,425
Harari	40	20	25	1,030	485	545
Hebrew	305	145	160	11,575	6,220	5,350
Maltese	45	20	25	5,175	2,575	2,600
Tigrigna	20	10	5	7,345	3,470	3,870
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	1,435	705	730
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	520	265	250
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,170	525	640	78,125	35,880	42,240
Khmer (Cambodian)	45	20	25	7,355	3,330	4,020
Vietnamese	1,125	510	615	70,690	32,520	38,165
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	5	85	30	50
Austronesian languages	5,515	2,170	3,345	194,380	76,060	118,315
Bikol	15	10	5	595	260	330
Cebuano	150	50	100	6,545	2,500	4,045
Fijian	5	0	5	80	45	40
Hiligaynon	70	25	45	2,750	1,030	1,725
Ilocano	215	80	135	11,285	4,430	6,860
Malagasy	0	0	0	100	45	55
Malay	335	155	185	5,760	2,520	3,240
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	40	15	25	1,505	670	840
Pangasinan	10	5	5	535	215	315
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	4,640	1,815	2,825	163,415	63,665	99,755
Waray-Waray	10	5	5	405	140	270
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	1,400	550	850
Creole languages	215	115	100	11,255	5,095	6,165
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	630	290	340
Creole, n.o.s.	165	80	85	8,025	3,580	4,440
Creole languages, n.i.e.	55	30	20	2,605	1,225	1,380
Dravidian languages	15,620	7,510	8,115	148,605	73,530	75,075
Kannada	85	45	40	2,670	1,365	1,305
Malayalam	575	285	290	17,140	8,795	8,350
Tamil	14,625	7,015	7,610	117,630	57,310	60,320
Telugu	330	160	175	10,820	5,895	4,925
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	340	165	175
Hmong-Mien languages	5	0	0	525	250	270
Indo-European languages	44,775	21,825	22,950	2,024,365	980,200	1,044,165
Albanian	100	50	45	19,045	9,535	9,510
Armenian	1,355	675	680	15,070	7,305	7,765
Balto-Slavic languages	5,030	2,340	2,685	410,725	188,695	222,025
Baltic languages	110	50	65	9,080	3,785	5,295
Latvian	60	25	40	3,910	1,650	2,260
Lithuanian	50	20	30	5,175	2,135	3,035
Slavic languages	4,915	2,290	2,620	401,645	184,915	216,730
Belarusan	10	5	5	515	230	280
Bosnian	25	10	15	6,370	3,125	3,245
Bulgarian	155	75	85	9,095	4,355	4,740
Croatian	100	45	55	31,875	15,460	16,410
Czech	80	40	40	10,670	4,930	5,740
Macedonian	1,185	580	605	15,635	7,470	8,165
Polish	605	270	330	121,075	54,675	66,405
Russian	1,995	880	1,115	101,100	45,630	55,470
Serbian	340	185	160	41,740	20,585	21,150
Serbo-Croatian	30	15	15	4,875	2,310	2,570
Slovak	80	35	45	10,280	4,710	5,565
Slovene (Slovenian)	65	35	35	6,740	2,995	3,745
Ukrainian	230	110	120	40,375	17,760	22,610
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	10	1,310	670	635
Celtic languages	15	5	5	1,110	505	605
Scottish Gaelic	5	0	0	450	210	240
Welsh	10	0	0	435	180	260
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	225	120	110
Germanic languages	1,455	695	760	200,640	94,475	106,165
Afrikaans	35	15	20	2,295	1,125	1,170
Danish	50	35	15	4,265	2,010	2,250
Dutch	245	120	125	51,720	24,875	26,840
Frisian	5	0	0	1,240	630	620
German	930	435	495	131,525	61,520	70,005
Icelandic	0	0	0	210	100	110
Norwegian	10	5	5	940	405	540
Swedish	35	20	15	2,395	1,040	1,350
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	5	2,150	925	1,225
Yiddish	145	65	80	3,735	1,765	1,970
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	170	80	85
Greek	2,455	1,210	1,240	55,415	27,305	28,110
Indo-Iranian languages	26,935	13,240	13,695	707,845	357,350	350,495
Indo-Aryan languages	19,155	9,370	9,785	565,600	285,720	279,875
Bengali	655	330	325	46,810	23,615	23,195
Gujarati	4,510	2,185	2,325	76,675	38,740	37,940
Hindi	2,415	1,175	1,245	58,735	29,805	28,930
Kashmiri	15	5	10	345	170	175
Konkani	95	35	55	2,510	1,195	1,315
Marathi	230	110	120	5,490	2,805	2,685
Nepali	50	20	25	7,870	3,915	3,960
Oriya (Odia)	15	5	10	715	380	335
Punjabi (Panjabi)	3,780	1,860	1,915	197,060	100,160	96,895
Sindhi	655	310	345	6,840	3,225	3,615
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	360	160	200	10,165	4,925	5,235
Urdu	6,380	3,170	3,210	152,385	76,795	75,595
Iranian languages	7,695	3,825	3,870	139,675	70,270	69,405
Kurdish	85	45	40	6,665	3,615	3,050
Pashto	330	160	175	10,950	5,630	5,315
Persian (Farsi)	7,285	3,620	3,660	122,070	61,025	61,040
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	85	45	40	2,565	1,350	1,215
Italic (Romance) languages	7,430	3,600	3,830	614,525	295,030	319,490
Catalan	10	0	10	285	150	135
Italian	3,690	1,800	1,885	231,040	112,440	118,600
Portuguese	695	330	365	150,000	72,280	77,715
Romanian	945	470	475	41,755	19,565	22,190
Spanish	2,085	990	1,090	191,025	90,390	100,630
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	420	200	215
Japanese	435	160	270	13,260	4,590	8,670
Kartvelian languages	40	25	15	1,200	635	565
Georgian	40	25	15	1,200	635	565
Korean	3,230	1,520	1,715	69,775	32,035	37,740
Mongolic languages	10	5	5	405	180	220
Mongolian	10	5	5	405	180	225
Niger-Congo languages	295	135	165	35,760	16,705	19,050
Akan (Twi)	70	25	35	9,695	4,510	5,190
Bamanankan	0	0	0	140	60	80
Edo	10	10	5	1,140	475	670
Ewe	0	5	0	560	270	295
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	5	0	365	180	185
Ga	5	5	0	600	275	325
Ganda	0	0	0	760	360	400
Igbo	35	15	20	2,090	1,080	1,010
Lingala	5	5	5	850	365	485
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	0	0	1,430	640	785
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	0	5	1,330	545	785
Shona	10	0	10	1,455	660	790
Swahili	75	35	45	5,525	2,540	2,985
Wolof	0	0	5	290	145	150
Yoruba	30	15	15	4,365	2,260	2,105
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	35	20	20	5,155	2,345	2,810
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	0	5	1,610	810	800
Dinka	0	0	0	345	170	175
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	1,260	635	625
Sign languages	55	30	25	3,030	1,570	1,455
American Sign Language	5	5	0	1,305	640	670
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	20	10	15
Sign languages, n.i.e	45	25	25	1,700	925	780
Sino-Tibetan languages	121,410	57,720	63,690	611,795	284,865	326,935
Chinese languages	121,315	57,670	63,645	602,610	280,340	322,270
Cantonese	72,620	34,645	37,975	275,315	128,090	147,220
Hakka	2,235	1,045	1,190	6,985	3,140	3,840
Mandarin	41,790	19,825	21,970	283,735	132,275	151,460
Min Dong	225	100	120	855	405	450
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	2,000	950	1,050	13,545	6,240	7,300
Wu (Shanghainese)	940	410	530	6,300	2,825	3,470
Chinese, n.o.s.	1,480	685	800	15,645	7,235	8,410
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	20	15	10	240	120	120
Tibeto-Burman languages	100	45	50	9,185	4,520	4,660
Burmese	85	40	40	1,640	775	865
Karenic languages	0	0	0	1,730	865	860
Tibetan	10	5	5	5,115	2,530	2,585
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	700	345	350
Tai-Kadai languages	160	60	95	8,485	3,535	4,945
Lao	80	40	40	5,190	2,480	2,710
Thai	70	20	50	3,270	1,045	2,220
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	25	10	15
Turkic languages	485	260	230	22,615	11,745	10,870
Azerbaijani	95	50	45	1,990	1,070	920
Turkish	360	195	170	18,415	9,610	8,810
Uyghur	0	0	0	515	255	260
Uzbek	5	0	5	1,055	515	545
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	640	295	345
Uralic languages	705	325	380	50,670	23,095	27,570
Estonian	80	35	45	4,205	1,810	2,400
Finnish	105	45	65	9,720	4,140	5,580
Hungarian	515	245	270	36,740	17,150	19,590
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5	1,475	780	690
Multiple responses	14,210	6,910	7,300	365,910	176,250	189,660
English and French	590	260	325	54,045	25,165	28,880
English and non-official language	12,985	6,335	6,650	288,285	140,345	147,940
French and non-official language	245	125	115	12,565	5,735	6,830
English, French and non-official language	395	180	210	11,010	5,000	6,005
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	327,785	159,855	167,935	13,312,865	6,503,875	6,808,990
Single responses	291,540	142,190	149,355	12,522,045	6,123,955	6,398,085
Official languages	156,995	78,245	78,745	10,605,725	5,214,425	5,391,300
English	156,215	77,900	78,315	10,328,680	5,084,885	5,243,800
French	785	350	430	277,045	129,540	147,500
Non-official languages	134,545	63,940	70,605	1,916,315	909,530	1,006,780
Aboriginal languages	5	0	5	9,210	4,600	4,610
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	8,685	4,370	4,320
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	2,370	1,205	1,165
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Moose Cree	0	0	0	10	10	5
Naskapi	0	0	0	10	5	5
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	20	10	15
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	105	50	55
Woods Cree	0	0	0	5	5	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	2,220	1,135	1,085
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	5	5	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	6,305	3,155	3,145
Algonquin	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	3,315	1,695	1,620
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	2,905	1,420	1,490
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	75	40	35
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Athabaskan languages	5	5	5	20	10	10
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	5	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Gwich'in	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Haida	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	160	60	90
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Inuktitut	0	0	0	140	60	80
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	10
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	210	90	120
Cayuga	0	0	0	5	5	5
Mohawk	0	0	0	185	80	100
Oneida	0	0	0	20	5	10
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	5	5	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dakota	0	0	0	5	5	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	120	55	65
Non-Aboriginal languages	134,540	63,935	70,605	1,907,105	904,930	1,002,170
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,445	670	775	138,460	66,865	71,590
Berber languages	0	0	0	345	175	170
Kabyle	0	0	0	255	125	130
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	90	50	45
Cushitic languages	60	25	35	14,460	6,100	8,360
Bilen	0	0	0	170	80	85
Oromo	5	5	0	805	380	425
Somali	55	20	35	13,370	5,590	7,780
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	110	50	65
Semitic languages	1,375	640	730	123,410	60,475	62,940
Amharic	25	10	15	5,625	2,540	3,085
Arabic	1,200	560	640	94,195	46,505	47,695
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	5	0	0	9,515	4,595	4,920
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	5	5	2,915	1,410	1,500
Harari	15	10	5	555	250	305
Hebrew	110	50	55	4,850	2,505	2,345
Maltese	5	0	5	1,090	505	580
Tigrigna	10	10	5	3,920	1,805	2,115
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	755	360	395
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	245	115	125
Austro-Asiatic languages	430	210	225	50,245	23,105	27,140
Khmer (Cambodian)	20	10	10	3,770	1,650	2,120
Vietnamese	415	200	215	46,435	21,435	25,000
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	40	20	20
Austronesian languages	2,035	875	1,160	85,370	36,525	48,845
Bikol	5	0	5	90	35	55
Cebuano	50	15	35	2,325	1,020	1,315
Fijian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Hiligaynon	25	10	15	910	385	530
Ilocano	45	15	30	4,100	1,780	2,320
Malagasy	0	0	0	35	15	20
Malay	100	55	50	1,810	860	945
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	5	5	445	200	250
Pangasinan	0	0	0	90	40	50
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	1,800	775	1,030	75,070	31,965	43,105
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	90	35	55
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	380	175	200
Creole languages	125	65	60	5,325	2,355	2,970
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	355	165	190
Creole, n.o.s.	95	50	45	3,995	1,735	2,255
Creole languages, n.i.e.	30	20	10	975	455	520
Dravidian languages	10,225	4,815	5,410	96,250	46,575	49,680
Kannada	40	15	25	1,060	540	520
Malayalam	250	130	125	8,760	4,460	4,295
Tamil	9,780	4,595	5,190	80,600	38,460	42,140
Telugu	150	80	75	5,705	3,050	2,655
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	125	55	70
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	200	95	105
Indo-European languages	22,550	10,790	11,765	978,300	469,640	508,670
Albanian	40	20	20	9,190	4,580	4,605
Armenian	760	385	375	8,630	4,065	4,560
Balto-Slavic languages	2,325	1,100	1,225	192,945	90,585	102,365
Baltic languages	30	10	15	2,305	950	1,355
Latvian	15	5	5	860	350	515
Lithuanian	10	0	5	1,440	600	840
Slavic languages	2,295	1,090	1,210	190,645	89,635	101,005
Belarusan	0	0	0	175	80	90
Bosnian	5	5	5	3,220	1,595	1,620
Bulgarian	45	20	25	4,830	2,350	2,480
Croatian	25	15	10	11,125	5,275	5,855
Czech	15	5	10	3,070	1,480	1,595
Macedonian	445	205	235	6,255	2,965	3,285
Polish	225	110	115	52,555	24,510	28,045
Russian	1,310	605	700	63,570	29,655	33,920
Serbian	150	80	65	23,175	11,335	11,840
Serbo-Croatian	10	5	5	1,925	920	1,010
Slovak	10	5	5	3,520	1,680	1,845
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	5	10	1,465	645	815
Ukrainian	55	30	25	15,415	6,995	8,420
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	355	160	190
Celtic languages	5	0	0	120	65	55
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	60	30	25
Welsh	5	0	0	30	10	15
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	20	15
Germanic languages	135	60	70	44,515	21,630	22,880
Afrikaans	10	5	5	755	365	390
Danish	0	0	0	280	135	150
Dutch	15	10	10	4,450	2,145	2,305
Frisian	0	0	0	90	45	45
German	100	45	50	37,255	18,140	19,120
Icelandic	0	0	0	45	20	30
Norwegian	0	0	0	70	30	40
Swedish	10	5	5	385	190	190
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	145	60	85
Yiddish	0	0	5	370	190	185
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	655	315	340
Greek	845	405	440	21,700	10,160	11,535
Indo-Iranian languages	15,580	7,500	8,085	435,835	215,755	220,080
Indo-Aryan languages	10,160	4,860	5,300	344,050	171,125	172,920
Bengali	360	170	190	29,590	14,595	14,995
Gujarati	2,455	1,155	1,300	45,445	22,410	23,035
Hindi	1,110	530	580	28,960	14,485	14,475
Kashmiri	10	0	5	65	30	35
Konkani	15	10	5	540	260	280
Marathi	100	50	55	2,420	1,230	1,190
Nepali	25	10	15	5,640	2,815	2,820
Oriya (Odia)	10	5	5	325	160	165
Punjabi (Panjabi)	2,180	1,030	1,145	132,135	66,410	65,725
Sindhi	240	110	130	2,880	1,320	1,560
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	120	55	65	4,595	2,250	2,345
Urdu	3,540	1,735	1,805	91,450	45,160	46,295
Iranian languages	5,385	2,625	2,765	90,730	44,090	46,640
Kurdish	45	25	25	3,675	1,900	1,770
Pashto	190	80	105	6,750	3,360	3,395
Persian (Farsi)	5,150	2,515	2,635	80,305	38,830	41,475
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	30	15	15	1,050	540	515
Italic (Romance) languages	2,865	1,315	1,545	265,375	122,790	142,585
Catalan	5	0	5	135	60	75
Italian	1,095	465	625	72,960	31,195	41,770
Portuguese	210	100	110	67,415	32,065	35,355
Romanian	475	235	240	19,920	9,380	10,535
Spanish	1,080	515	565	104,820	50,035	54,785
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	110	50	60
Japanese	215	95	125	6,040	2,590	3,450
Kartvelian languages	20	15	10	770	420	355
Georgian	20	15	10	775	420	355
Korean	2,255	1,070	1,180	48,540	22,685	25,855
Mongolic languages	5	5	5	225	115	110
Mongolian	5	5	0	230	120	110
Niger-Congo languages	75	30	40	12,120	5,400	6,725
Akan (Twi)	25	10	15	4,415	1,915	2,495
Bamanankan	0	0	0	25	15	15
Edo	0	0	0	305	120	180
Ewe	0	0	0	135	60	80
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	110	55	55
Ga	5	0	0	175	80	100
Ganda	0	0	0	195	85	110
Igbo	0	5	5	540	265	275
Lingala	5	0	0	225	100	130
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	475	230	240
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	5	420	160	260
Shona	5	0	0	455	210	245
Swahili	25	10	15	2,085	925	1,160
Wolof	0	0	5	130	65	65
Yoruba	0	0	0	1,300	625	675
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	1,120	500	625
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	0	5	550	260	290
Dinka	0	0	0	120	60	65
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	425	195	225
Sign languages	75	40	40	4,425	2,485	1,940
American Sign Language	10	5	5	1,605	830	770
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	25	15	15
Sign languages, n.i.e	70	35	35	2,795	1,640	1,150
Sino-Tibetan languages	94,600	45,035	49,560	448,200	210,560	237,640
Chinese languages	94,560	45,020	49,540	441,615	207,305	234,310
Cantonese	56,750	26,825	29,935	198,745	91,545	107,200
Hakka	985	460	530	2,870	1,305	1,575
Mandarin	34,390	16,605	17,785	220,535	105,360	115,175
Min Dong	70	30	45	265	115	145
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	780	370	410	5,775	2,635	3,140
Wu (Shanghainese)	590	280	310	3,690	1,735	1,955
Chinese, n.o.s.	975	450	520	9,630	4,565	5,070
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	100	45	55
Tibeto-Burman languages	40	20	25	6,580	3,250	3,330
Burmese	35	15	20	1,010	480	530
Karenic languages	5	0	0	1,360	685	675
Tibetan	5	5	5	3,875	1,925	1,945
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	335	165	170
Tai-Kadai languages	50	30	25	3,865	1,845	2,020
Lao	30	15	10	2,535	1,220	1,315
Thai	20	10	10	1,315	615	695
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	5	5	5	10	5	10
Turkic languages	235	110	125	12,435	6,200	6,230
Azerbaijani	40	20	20	770	385	380
Turkish	185	85	100	10,545	5,245	5,300
Uyghur	0	0	0	290	150	140
Uzbek	0	0	5	585	290	295
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	250	130	120
Uralic languages	190	85	110	15,330	6,990	8,340
Estonian	20	10	15	790	290	500
Finnish	25	10	10	1,835	780	1,050
Hungarian	140	60	80	12,700	5,915	6,790
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	465	245	225
Multiple responses	36,250	17,670	18,580	790,825	379,925	410,905
English and French	515	245	270	45,655	20,895	24,755
English and non-official language	35,025	17,110	17,915	719,595	347,730	371,865
French and non-official language	105	45	55	6,725	2,930	3,795
English, French and non-official language	605	260	345	18,855	8,365	10,490
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	327,785	159,855	167,935	13,312,865	6,503,875	6,808,990
None	226,840	110,935	115,900	11,071,665	5,436,665	5,635,000
English	49,760	24,470	25,290	896,170	437,015	459,155
French	1,780	765	1,025	243,970	108,390	135,580
Non-official language	47,665	22,910	24,755	1,056,960	501,315	555,645
Aboriginal	0	0	0	14,315	6,580	7,735
Non-Aboriginal	47,665	22,910	24,755	1,042,645	494,735	547,910
English and French	240	100	135	8,150	3,755	4,395
English and non-official language	1,065	500	570	19,105	9,370	9,735
French and non-official language	425	175	255	16,435	7,165	9,270
English, French and non-official language	10	5	10	415	205	215
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	272,050	131,175	140,875	11,038,440	5,342,850	5,695,590
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	256,900	123,675	133,220	10,556,935	5,115,460	5,441,475
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,106	32,260	25,270	33,539	39,889	28,676
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	256,950	123,695	133,255	10,559,805	5,115,825	5,443,975
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,319	29,765	23,880	30,641	35,753	26,585
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	228,160	112,345	115,815	9,391,800	4,650,130	4,741,675
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,089	34,305	24,966	32,871	39,831	27,012
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	188,000	83,415	104,585	7,632,575	3,402,810	4,229,770
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	1,660	866	2,955	4,206	2,034	5,463
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	186,150	94,580	91,565	7,790,680	3,998,335	3,792,350
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,242	36,654	28,804	33,946	39,490	29,413
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	272,050	131,175	140,880	11,038,440	5,342,755	5,695,685
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	256,980	123,805	133,170	10,556,925	5,114,340	5,442,580
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,184	52,683	38,212	47,915	56,780	39,585
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	257,045	123,825	133,220	10,559,935	5,114,725	5,445,210
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,126	42,271	32,343	39,318	45,443	33,564
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	228,145	112,575	115,570	9,391,645	4,649,230	4,742,415
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,235	54,366	38,314	47,890	57,511	38,459
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	188,515	83,900	104,615	7,632,220	3,402,745	4,229,475
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,639	4,792	6,318	7,346	6,763	7,815
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	186,150	94,770	91,380	7,790,680	3,995,700	3,794,985
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,769	55,188	40,075	47,369	55,263	39,057
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	272,050	131,170	140,875	11,038,440	5,342,755	5,695,685
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	87,215	48,410	38,805	3,737,385	2,082,480	1,654,900
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	56,396	61,298	51,488	55,121	60,345	49,713
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	70,305	78,024	60,676	68,628	76,536	58,676
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	90.9	93.9	87.0	88.9	92.1	84.7
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	76.6	79.9	72.3	72.9	76.0	68.7
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	9.1	6.1	13.0	11.1	7.9	15.3
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	272,055	131,170	140,880	11,038,440	5,342,850	5,695,590
Without total income	15,150	7,495	7,655	481,500	227,390	254,115
With total income	256,900	123,675	133,225	10,556,940	5,115,460	5,441,475
Percentage with total income	94.4	94.3	94.6	95.6	95.7	95.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	52,490	23,470	29,020	1,615,790	711,105	904,685
$10,000 to $19,999	50,090	22,160	27,930	1,829,355	742,710	1,086,645
$20,000 to $29,999	30,745	13,610	17,135	1,410,760	589,975	820,785
$30,000 to $39,999	23,400	10,490	12,910	1,147,510	519,550	627,955
$40,000 to $49,999	20,120	9,220	10,900	1,021,880	489,595	532,285
$50,000 to $59,999	15,895	7,625	8,270	809,115	415,950	393,165
$60,000 to $69,999	13,075	6,535	6,545	630,635	348,525	282,110
$70,000 to $79,999	10,350	5,460	4,890	479,890	277,725	202,165
$80,000 to $89,999	8,590	4,780	3,815	378,185	222,095	156,095
$90,000 to $99,999	7,780	4,225	3,550	324,810	181,815	142,995
$100,000 and over	24,350	16,095	8,260	909,005	616,420	292,585
$100,000 to $149,999	16,075	10,120	5,950	600,995	394,410	206,590
$150,000 and over	8,280	5,970	2,305	308,010	222,010	86,000
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	272,050	131,170	140,880	11,038,440	5,342,850	5,695,590
Without after-tax income	15,105	7,480	7,620	478,635	227,025	251,610
With after-tax income	256,950	123,695	133,255	10,559,805	5,115,825	5,443,980
Percentage with after-tax income	94.4	94.3	94.6	95.7	95.8	95.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	53,325	23,740	29,590	1,659,280	722,040	937,235
$10,000 to $19,999	51,825	23,035	28,795	1,906,875	777,330	1,129,540
$20,000 to $29,999	34,645	15,360	19,285	1,623,230	690,290	932,940
$30,000 to $39,999	27,430	12,445	14,985	1,377,100	642,645	734,450
$40,000 to $49,999	22,785	10,735	12,055	1,166,040	585,490	580,555
$50,000 to $59,999	17,615	8,805	8,815	845,305	464,610	380,700
$60,000 to $69,999	13,370	7,200	6,170	604,005	354,015	249,985
$70,000 to $79,999	11,175	6,215	4,960	465,485	268,140	197,345
$80,000 and over	24,770	16,165	8,605	912,490	611,260	301,230
$80,000 to $89,999	7,845	4,600	3,250	299,315	183,410	115,905
$90,000 to $99,999	4,885	3,125	1,760	174,110	116,330	57,785
$100,000 and over	12,040	8,445	3,595	439,070	311,525	127,540
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	272,050	131,170	140,880	11,038,440	5,342,850	5,695,590
Without employment income	85,900	36,590	49,310	3,247,760	1,344,515	1,903,245
With employment income	186,145	94,580	91,565	7,790,680	3,998,335	3,792,350
Percentage with employment income	68.4	72.1	65.0	70.6	74.8	66.6
Under $5,000 (including loss)	23,715	10,975	12,740	1,094,860	546,920	547,940
$5,000 to $9,999	16,830	7,730	9,100	635,305	281,135	354,165
$10,000 to $19,999	27,765	13,580	14,185	1,027,910	464,445	563,465
$20,000 to $29,999	20,355	9,430	10,930	827,805	372,185	455,625
$30,000 to $39,999	17,300	8,170	9,135	767,840	351,925	415,910
$40,000 to $49,999	15,150	7,135	8,015	709,775	341,320	368,450
$50,000 to $59,999	12,415	6,135	6,275	588,220	310,155	278,065
$60,000 to $69,999	10,380	5,340	5,045	465,670	263,430	202,240
$70,000 to $79,999	8,420	4,615	3,805	369,085	218,570	150,515
$80,000 and over	33,825	21,480	12,345	1,304,210	848,245	455,970
$80,000 to $89,999	7,205	4,095	3,110	307,660	182,660	125,005
$90,000 to $99,999	6,910	3,765	3,145	280,530	156,440	124,090
$100,000 and over	19,705	13,615	6,085	716,015	509,140	206,875
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	102,675	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	89,028	...	...	74,287	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	78,472	...	...	65,285	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	13,785	...	...	1,341,300	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,480	...	...	36,900	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,896	...	...	33,219	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	88,890	...	...	3,827,875	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	98,526	...	...	90,967	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	86,768	...	...	79,528	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	102,675	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	113,087	...	...	97,856	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	92,943	...	...	80,322	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	13,735	...	...	1,341,115	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	55,714	...	...	49,571	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	44,957	...	...	40,830	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	88,940	...	...	3,828,060	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	121,946	...	...	114,773	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	100,353	...	...	94,157	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	102,675	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
Under $5,000	2,120	...	...	86,720	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	1,270	...	...	70,245	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,760	...	...	134,395	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,505	...	...	185,245	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,615	...	...	200,770	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	3,400	...	...	189,450	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	3,465	...	...	202,580	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	3,395	...	...	207,180	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	3,400	...	...	206,605	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	3,400	...	...	202,015	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	6,375	...	...	388,820	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	6,370	...	...	363,580	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	6,075	...	...	335,770	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	5,745	...	...	309,105	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	5,545	...	...	282,740	...	...
$100,000 and over	45,225	...	...	1,803,955	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	11,700	...	...	560,090	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	9,190	...	...	394,570	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	11,950	...	...	449,885	...	...
$200,000 and over	12,385	...	...	399,410	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	102,675	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
Under $5,000	2,280	...	...	92,220	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	1,295	...	...	71,480	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,780	...	...	136,550	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,615	...	...	192,920	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,805	...	...	222,605	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	3,660	...	...	211,440	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	3,820	...	...	232,755	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	3,850	...	...	244,335	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	4,010	...	...	247,645	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	3,850	...	...	241,965	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	7,830	...	...	463,170	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	7,400	...	...	422,695	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	7,295	...	...	388,720	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	6,755	...	...	342,330	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	6,220	...	...	290,720	...	...
$100,000 and over	37,220	...	...	1,367,630	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	12,615	...	...	539,915	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	9,070	...	...	334,420	...	...
$150,000 and over	15,535	...	...	493,295	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	88,385	...	...	3,689,580	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	96,829	...	...	91,089	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	85,237	...	...	79,531	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.5	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	20,330	...	...	1,280,890	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	80,300	...	...	81,459	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	70,709	...	...	71,237	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	54,185	...	...	1,716,115	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	113,041	...	...	115,381	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,576	...	...	99,205	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.2	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	10,820	...	...	584,180	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	58,457	...	...	54,363	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,610	...	...	50,317	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	88,420	...	...	3,689,080	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	120,626	...	...	115,328	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	99,131	...	...	94,410	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	20,170	...	...	1,280,580	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	108,720	...	...	104,425	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	86,435	...	...	84,952	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	54,210	...	...	1,717,295	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	135,335	...	...	140,590	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	111,564	...	...	114,144	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	10,895	...	...	581,945	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	72,895	...	...	67,748	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	62,607	...	...	58,742	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	21,355	9,685	11,670	1,818,815	867,175	951,640
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	29,195	28,971	29,376	32,097	33,925	30,753
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	27,128	26,798	27,374	29,417	30,678	28,442
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	21,295	9,575	11,715	1,814,575	864,020	950,555
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	44,434	44,840	44,102	44,298	46,765	42,057
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	36,556	36,493	36,607	36,874	38,228	35,644
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	327,405	159,720	167,680	13,242,160	6,472,205	6,769,955
In the bottom half of the distribution	152,560	73,530	79,030	6,335,170	3,016,275	3,318,895
In the bottom decile	34,660	16,780	17,880	1,346,645	651,310	695,335
In the second decile	32,995	15,790	17,205	1,280,675	581,380	699,290
In the third decile	29,355	14,155	15,200	1,237,415	583,840	653,575
In the fourth decile	27,470	13,345	14,130	1,223,510	589,740	633,770
In the fifth decile	28,075	13,470	14,605	1,246,925	610,000	636,930
In the top half of the distribution	174,840	86,190	88,650	6,906,990	3,455,930	3,451,060
In the sixth decile	28,335	13,755	14,580	1,279,095	629,635	649,465
In the seventh decile	30,570	14,920	15,650	1,321,220	655,840	665,375
In the eighth decile	33,575	16,420	17,155	1,382,795	691,630	691,165
In the ninth decile	39,180	19,415	19,765	1,464,415	736,030	728,385
In the top decile	43,185	21,680	21,500	1,459,465	742,795	716,670
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	327,400	159,725	167,675	13,184,055	6,442,930	6,741,130
0 to 17 years	67,965	35,075	32,890	2,656,535	1,361,905	1,294,630
0 to 5 years	20,640	10,575	10,060	835,000	428,025	406,975
18 to 64 years	210,855	101,625	109,230	8,418,960	4,110,615	4,308,345
65 years and over	48,580	23,020	25,565	2,108,560	970,405	1,138,155
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	49,485	23,805	25,685	1,898,975	886,530	1,012,445
0 to 17 years	12,255	6,340	5,920	489,905	251,830	238,080
0 to 5 years	3,880	2,005	1,880	165,140	84,825	80,310
18 to 64 years	30,980	14,575	16,400	1,155,315	538,535	616,780
65 years and over	6,245	2,885	3,360	253,755	96,170	157,585
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.1	14.9	15.3	14.4	13.8	15.0
0 to 17 years (%)	18.0	18.1	18.0	18.4	18.5	18.4
0 to 5 years (%)	18.8	19.0	18.7	19.8	19.8	19.7
18 to 64 years (%)	14.7	14.3	15.0	13.7	13.1	14.3
65 years and over (%)	12.9	12.5	13.1	12.0	9.9	13.8
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	40,080	19,355	20,730	1,298,590	627,935	670,650
0 to 17 years	9,790	5,060	4,725	304,390	156,575	147,815
0 to 5 years	3,105	1,615	1,490	102,750	52,810	49,935
18 to 64 years	26,570	12,645	13,925	887,640	430,545	457,095
65 years and over	3,725	1,650	2,075	106,555	40,815	65,740
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	12.2	12.1	12.4	9.8	9.7	9.9
0 to 17 years (%)	14.4	14.4	14.4	11.5	11.5	11.4
0 to 5 years (%)	15.0	15.3	14.8	12.3	12.3	12.3
18 to 64 years (%)	12.6	12.4	12.7	10.5	10.5	10.6
65 years and over (%)	7.7	7.2	8.1	5.1	4.2	5.8
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	327,400	159,725	167,680	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,925
Official languages	294,680	146,005	148,675	12,918,075	6,342,930	6,575,145
English	294,505	145,935	148,575	12,879,045	6,326,225	6,552,825
French	19,190	8,405	10,785	1,521,020	677,505	843,510
Non-official languages	233,815	111,840	121,975	4,431,270	2,115,510	2,315,760
Aboriginal languages	10	10	10	33,855	15,815	18,035
Algonquian languages	10	0	0	30,630	14,505	16,125
Blackfoot	0	0	0	15	15	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	6,560	3,160	3,395
Atikamekw	0	0	0	10	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Moose Cree	0	0	0	145	70	75
Naskapi	0	0	0	25	10	10
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	65	25	45
Plains Cree	0	0	0	105	50	50
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	605	255	350
Woods Cree	0	0	0	45	25	25
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5,620	2,760	2,865
Eastern Algonquian languages	10	0	10	180	95	85
Malecite	0	0	0	20	20	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	160	75	85
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	10	0	23,980	11,285	12,690
Algonquin	0	0	0	205	95	105
Ojibway	10	0	0	16,220	7,600	8,630
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	7,515	3,585	3,935
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	200	105	100
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	85	40	50
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	85	25	65
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	80	25	55
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	10	0	10
Chilcotin	0	0	0	10	0	10
Dene	0	0	0	45	20	30
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Gwich'in	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	10
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	840	320	525
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Inuktitut	0	0	0	730	285	445
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	105	35	70
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	1,940	810	1,125
Cayuga	0	0	0	120	35	85
Mohawk	0	0	0	1,625	710	915
Oneida	0	0	0	180	55	125
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	50	25	25
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	180	65	110
Salish languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Siouan languages	0	0	0	40	10	30
Dakota	0	0	0	20	10	10
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	0	15
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	10
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	210	100	110
Non-Aboriginal languages	233,810	111,835	121,975	4,397,690	2,099,820	2,297,865
Afro-Asiatic languages	5,355	2,565	2,790	362,645	183,050	179,595
Berber languages	10	0	0	925	505	415
Kabyle	0	0	0	530	280	255
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	390	225	165
Cushitic languages	130	65	70	34,160	15,155	19,000
Bilen	0	0	0	355	200	160
Oromo	15	10	0	2,075	905	1,175
Somali	120	55	60	31,535	13,925	17,610
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	370	170	205
Semitic languages	5,220	2,500	2,725	330,315	168,750	161,570
Amharic	145	75	70	16,010	7,565	8,445
Arabic	3,920	1,885	2,035	246,015	127,015	119,000
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	30	15	15	17,825	8,775	9,050
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	6,185	3,045	3,140
Harari	50	30	30	1,310	660	645
Hebrew	1,060	510	550	43,255	22,165	21,090
Maltese	50	15	35	7,020	3,455	3,570
Tigrigna	40	10	25	9,385	4,320	5,065
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	1,985	1,010	975
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,125	535	590
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,980	820	1,160	99,830	46,210	53,620
Khmer (Cambodian)	30	10	20	10,045	4,490	5,550
Vietnamese	1,950	815	1,135	90,265	41,965	48,300
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	60	10	50
Austronesian languages	7,190	2,765	4,420	249,435	98,295	151,150
Bikol	10	0	10	755	340	425
Cebuano	165	65	100	9,475	3,650	5,830
Fijian	10	10	0	110	40	65
Hiligaynon	35	15	15	3,110	1,205	1,910
Ilocano	265	100	170	15,235	5,940	9,295
Malagasy	10	0	0	215	115	100
Malay	480	230	255	9,780	4,500	5,280
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	75	35	40	1,935	855	1,080
Pangasinan	10	0	0	565	245	320
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	6,565	2,475	4,090	232,935	91,110	141,820
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	410	125	285
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	35	15	20	1,785	755	1,030
Creole languages	690	335	350	30,260	13,525	16,735
Haitian Creole	25	10	15	1,430	605	830
Creole, n.o.s.	415	205	210	19,375	8,480	10,895
Creole languages, n.i.e.	255	125	130	9,685	4,525	5,155
Dravidian languages	20,465	10,035	10,430	196,315	97,975	98,335
Kannada	140	60	75	5,775	2,930	2,845
Malayalam	780	385	390	22,880	11,535	11,345
Tamil	19,190	9,415	9,770	157,700	77,975	79,730
Telugu	575	280	300	16,315	8,925	7,390
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	495	250	240
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	545	265	280
Indo-European languages	59,705	29,225	30,475	2,608,060	1,265,535	1,342,525
Albanian	120	65	60	22,375	11,180	11,195
Armenian	1,585	780	810	18,435	8,860	9,575
Balto-Slavic languages	5,860	2,705	3,155	473,565	221,450	252,120
Baltic languages	110	45	65	10,545	4,495	6,050
Latvian	45	20	25	4,675	2,070	2,610
Lithuanian	65	25	40	5,875	2,430	3,445
Slavic languages	5,790	2,680	3,110	465,170	217,885	247,285
Belarusan	20	10	15	1,360	680	680
Bosnian	70	30	40	9,915	4,905	5,010
Bulgarian	190	90	100	10,410	5,060	5,350
Croatian	190	90	105	46,580	22,880	23,700
Czech	90	35	55	14,045	6,615	7,430
Macedonian	1,720	830	890	21,505	10,365	11,140
Polish	655	305	350	142,985	65,415	77,575
Russian	2,410	1,065	1,345	138,735	64,355	74,380
Serbian	390	195	195	53,250	26,725	26,525
Serbo-Croatian	75	50	30	5,815	2,845	2,965
Slovak	80	30	45	12,035	5,550	6,490
Slovene (Slovenian)	45	20	25	7,935	3,550	4,390
Ukrainian	335	155	180	54,615	24,125	30,490
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	1,750	935	815
Celtic languages	25	15	15	3,800	1,880	1,920
Scottish Gaelic	15	0	10	1,480	720	765
Welsh	10	0	0	685	300	390
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	1,650	870	785
Germanic languages	2,875	1,360	1,510	274,305	130,610	143,700
Afrikaans	380	185	195	7,360	3,625	3,735
Danish	75	45	30	5,440	2,455	2,980
Dutch	410	180	230	63,410	29,875	33,535
Frisian	0	0	0	1,655	820	835
German	1,755	820	930	189,035	90,730	98,305
Icelandic	0	0	0	285	130	155
Norwegian	45	20	20	2,140	975	1,165
Swedish	85	40	40	5,125	2,345	2,785
Vlaams (Flemish)	20	15	10	2,275	1,050	1,225
Yiddish	220	115	110	7,175	3,535	3,640
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	20	15	0	3,290	1,645	1,645
Greek	3,705	1,885	1,825	80,690	40,105	40,590
Indo-Iranian languages	36,330	18,075	18,245	915,765	463,175	452,585
Indo-Aryan languages	27,405	13,605	13,800	759,390	384,940	374,450
Bengali	925	435	485	59,685	30,420	29,265
Gujarati	5,760	2,795	2,965	103,890	52,380	51,510
Hindi	9,655	4,670	4,985	250,095	127,765	122,335
Kashmiri	20	10	15	600	300	300
Konkani	200	85	115	5,490	2,515	2,975
Marathi	445	245	200	10,360	5,380	4,980
Nepali	75	40	35	10,245	5,115	5,135
Oriya (Odia)	30	10	20	1,090	515	570
Punjabi (Panjabi)	6,615	3,400	3,220	282,065	145,050	137,015
Sindhi	1,000	460	540	11,515	5,385	6,130
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	950	510	440	18,555	9,230	9,330
Urdu	10,175	5,185	4,995	231,500	117,305	114,190
Iranian languages	9,190	4,570	4,620	163,490	81,710	81,785
Kurdish	130	55	75	8,795	4,755	4,040
Pashto	345	175	170	15,315	8,145	7,170
Persian (Farsi)	8,830	4,410	4,420	145,465	72,275	73,190
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	180	100	75	4,665	2,495	2,175
Italic (Romance) languages	10,695	5,070	5,625	880,330	418,225	462,105
Catalan	0	0	0	515	275	240
Italian	5,140	2,460	2,685	333,645	161,190	172,455
Portuguese	1,055	485	570	193,520	93,885	99,635
Romanian	1,060	540	520	49,635	23,205	26,430
Spanish	3,825	1,775	2,050	337,615	156,040	181,580
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	1,355	745	605
Japanese	1,065	505	565	25,675	11,535	14,140
Kartvelian languages	50	35	15	1,555	775	780
Georgian	50	40	15	1,555	770	785
Korean	4,015	1,905	2,115	79,175	36,930	42,245
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	515	225	285
Mongolian	0	0	10	515	225	285
Niger-Congo languages	855	430	425	70,570	33,620	36,945
Akan (Twi)	160	90	75	15,950	7,520	8,435
Bamanankan	0	0	0	385	195	185
Edo	0	10	0	2,130	930	1,195
Ewe	0	0	0	880	435	445
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	700	320	375
Ga	10	0	0	1,340	645	695
Ganda	10	10	0	1,225	550	675
Igbo	30	10	25	4,025	2,105	1,920
Lingala	30	15	15	4,885	2,165	2,720
Rundi (Kirundi)	10	0	10	2,555	1,080	1,475
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	2,220	885	1,330
Shona	25	10	15	2,350	1,055	1,300
Swahili	400	210	190	16,750	8,110	8,640
Wolof	10	0	10	730	355	375
Yoruba	90	50	40	10,495	5,345	5,150
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	135	60	80	11,210	5,255	5,950
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	2,025	1,020	1,010
Dinka	0	0	0	415	220	200
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	1,615	805	810
Sign languages	135	55	85	18,865	7,645	11,220
American Sign Language	40	20	20	10,220	3,695	6,525
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	235	60	180
Sign languages, n.i.e.	95	30	65	8,690	4,005	4,680
Sino-Tibetan languages	136,780	65,410	71,370	689,145	324,575	364,565
Chinese languages	136,720	65,385	71,340	679,170	319,635	359,530
Cantonese	88,700	42,300	46,400	341,875	159,280	182,600
Hakka	2,705	1,235	1,470	7,865	3,445	4,420
Mandarin	64,350	29,935	34,415	385,395	179,890	205,510
Min Dong	150	50	100	810	330	480
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	2,295	1,035	1,265	16,980	7,650	9,330
Wu (Shanghainese)	1,255	600	655	8,305	3,860	4,440
Chinese, n.o.s.	1,535	730	805	16,455	7,710	8,745
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	185	95	90
Tibeto-Burman languages	105	50	50	10,460	5,200	5,260
Burmese	95	45	45	2,215	1,055	1,165
Karenic languages	0	0	0	1,820	905	920
Tibetan	0	0	0	5,695	2,845	2,850
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	1,245	645	605
Tai-Kadai languages	210	85	125	11,120	4,945	6,180
Lao	90	45	50	6,740	3,215	3,520
Thai	115	45	70	5,195	2,065	3,135
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	30	10	20
Turkic languages	970	510	460	33,335	17,310	16,025
Azerbaijani	145	75	70	3,260	1,710	1,550
Turkish	830	445	390	27,850	14,510	13,340
Uyghur	0	0	0	700	350	345
Uzbek	20	0	15	1,405	700	705
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	915	450	465
Uralic languages	880	410	470	58,370	27,060	31,310
Estonian	125	60	70	4,785	2,155	2,625
Finnish	155	70	90	11,145	4,865	6,280
Hungarian	605	285	315	42,545	20,070	22,480
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	35	25	10	3,675	1,950	1,725
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	327,400	159,725	167,675	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,920
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	283,890	139,420	144,475	12,223,065	5,987,360	6,235,705
Canadian citizens aged under 18	63,235	32,630	30,600	2,546,075	1,305,820	1,240,255
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	220,660	106,795	113,865	9,676,990	4,681,540	4,995,445
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	43,510	20,300	23,210	1,019,095	484,880	534,215
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	327,400	159,720	167,680	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,920
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	128,650	66,035	62,615	9,188,815	4,555,270	4,633,545
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	192,220	90,490	101,730	3,852,145	1,814,665	2,037,480
Before 1981	33,295	16,315	16,980	1,077,745	507,500	570,240
1981 to 1990	31,295	15,000	16,295	513,995	246,235	267,755
1991 to 2000	59,445	28,035	31,410	834,510	390,315	444,195
2001 to 2010	47,525	21,775	25,755	953,730	446,895	506,835
2001 to 2005	26,445	12,125	14,320	490,560	230,950	259,610
2006 to 2010	21,085	9,655	11,430	463,170	215,945	247,225
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	20,660	9,365	11,290	472,170	223,715	248,450
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	6,530	3,195	3,335	201,200	102,305	98,895
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	192,215	90,490	101,730	3,852,145	1,814,665	2,037,485
Under 5 years	13,730	7,000	6,730	369,955	184,255	185,705
5 to 14 years	28,345	14,325	14,030	685,085	345,865	339,225
15 to 24 years	40,725	18,440	22,285	855,475	381,025	474,450
25 to 44 years	84,700	39,665	45,035	1,579,500	741,340	838,160
45 years and over	24,725	11,065	13,660	362,130	162,180	199,945
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	192,220	90,490	101,730	3,852,145	1,814,665	2,037,480
Americas	13,935	6,430	7,505	598,950	265,930	333,025
Brazil	215	105	110	14,705	6,700	8,010
Colombia	295	145	150	28,815	13,085	15,730
El Salvador	100	35	65	20,920	10,165	10,750
Guyana	3,220	1,465	1,755	79,745	35,325	44,420
Haiti	70	25	45	10,195	4,410	5,785
Jamaica	3,980	1,760	2,220	119,840	51,320	68,525
Mexico	210	100	110	30,075	13,895	16,185
Peru	310	140	175	10,550	4,660	5,895
Trinidad and Tobago	1,640	770	880	52,810	23,515	29,300
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	1,915	940	975	109,005	47,170	61,830
Other places of birth in Americas	1,975	950	1,025	122,280	55,685	66,600
Europe	15,085	7,310	7,770	1,144,295	546,250	598,050
Bosnia and Herzegovina	90	55	30	21,300	10,655	10,645
Croatia	120	55	60	27,330	13,495	13,835
France	160	60	100	13,385	6,310	7,070
Germany	670	300	370	63,460	29,685	33,775
Greece	1,740	940	800	36,575	18,225	18,350
Hungary	350	150	200	22,085	10,495	11,590
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	230	90	140	15,275	7,415	7,860
Italy	2,730	1,335	1,395	157,815	78,510	79,305
Netherlands	230	130	100	47,400	23,910	23,490
Poland	500	220	280	96,000	43,155	52,845
Portugal	370	170	200	103,025	50,240	52,785
Romania	930	465	470	42,720	19,720	23,000
Russian Federation	775	330	445	42,980	18,540	24,440
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	175	85	90	23,695	11,610	12,085
Ukraine	445	185	260	39,945	18,150	21,795
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	3,420	1,710	1,710	264,125	125,730	138,390
Other places of birth in Europe	2,150	1,035	1,120	127,190	60,395	66,790
Africa	6,975	3,440	3,535	226,770	109,585	117,185
Algeria	30	10	20	2,925	1,480	1,450
Egypt	1,250	655	595	34,510	18,000	16,510
Ethiopia	180	95	80	15,570	7,230	8,340
Kenya	1,000	500	500	14,940	6,910	8,025
Morocco	75	40	40	5,485	2,690	2,795
Nigeria	230	100	135	20,630	10,285	10,345
Somalia	100	45	55	16,970	6,845	10,125
South Africa, Republic of	1,055	485	565	19,390	9,545	9,840
Other places of birth in Africa	3,055	1,515	1,545	96,355	46,610	49,745
Asia	155,990	73,195	82,800	1,869,805	886,570	983,240
Afghanistan	835	420	410	33,145	16,490	16,655
Bangladesh	525	250	275	39,410	19,970	19,440
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	59,060	27,200	31,860	317,225	143,705	173,515
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	32,525	15,530	16,995	108,030	50,945	57,090
India	14,215	6,855	7,360	360,540	179,950	180,590
IranCensus data footnote 61	6,640	3,300	3,340	86,810	43,445	43,360
Iraq	480	225	250	50,390	25,280	25,115
Japan	345	155	195	8,145	2,550	5,585
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	2,905	1,390	1,510	57,085	26,660	30,425
Lebanon	665	325	345	34,545	18,145	16,405
Pakistan	5,540	2,735	2,810	142,265	71,925	70,345
Philippines	6,720	2,700	4,020	231,760	93,730	138,030
Sri Lanka	12,805	6,180	6,625	109,855	53,640	56,215
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	240	135	100	22,680	11,405	11,270
Taiwan	2,335	1,005	1,335	17,840	7,775	10,065
Viet Nam	3,620	1,595	2,030	80,525	36,545	43,985
Other places of birth in Asia	6,535	3,175	3,360	169,555	84,400	85,160
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	235	110	125	12,330	6,330	5,990
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	20,655	9,370	11,290	472,170	223,720	248,450
Americas	925	470	450	60,700	29,005	31,700
Brazil	15	0	20	3,180	1,505	1,675
Colombia	30	15	10	4,520	2,005	2,520
Cuba	25	20	0	1,950	910	1,045
Haiti	10	0	10	2,575	1,140	1,435
Jamaica	135	50	85	8,935	4,840	4,090
Mexico	40	30	10	5,670	2,745	2,925
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	390	200	185	14,635	7,225	7,405
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	40	25	15	2,460	1,120	1,340
Other places of birth in Americas	230	125	110	16,775	7,510	9,265
Europe	410	190	215	45,295	22,250	23,045
France	30	20	10	2,010	1,025	985
Germany	15	10	10	1,695	885	805
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	10	10	0	1,900	1,185	715
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	0	0	0	880	400	480
Romania	35	15	20	2,425	995	1,430
Russian Federation	75	30	50	4,905	1,790	3,115
Ukraine	60	20	45	4,455	2,005	2,445
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	75	40	35	7,780	4,515	3,265
Other places of birth in Europe	115	55	55	19,245	9,450	9,795
Africa	370	195	180	39,380	19,045	20,330
Algeria	0	0	0	415	180	240
Cameroon	0	0	0	1,390	640	750
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	10	10	0	1,835	845	990
Côte d'Ivoire	25	15	10	605	245	360
Egypt	170	85	90	8,220	4,290	3,935
Eritrea	0	0	0	2,055	1,010	1,045
Ethiopia	0	10	0	2,505	1,115	1,385
Morocco	10	0	10	655	275	375
Nigeria	20	10	10	5,910	2,895	3,015
Somalia	0	0	0	2,065	965	1,100
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	10	1,410	715	695
Tunisia	0	0	0	310	155	150
Other places of birth in Africa	115	60	55	12,010	5,715	6,295
Asia	18,925	8,490	10,435	324,820	152,205	172,615
Afghanistan	90	40	50	5,785	2,845	2,945
Bangladesh	45	20	25	8,180	4,055	4,125
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	11,785	5,270	6,515	58,840	26,025	32,815
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	625	250	380	1,985	800	1,190
India	1,250	600	655	69,325	35,060	34,265
IranCensus data footnote 61	1,700	850	850	21,225	10,300	10,930
Iraq	35	15	20	14,645	7,315	7,330
Israel	40	10	30	2,050	1,085	970
Japan	30	10	20	1,385	370	1,015
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	390	190	205	6,320	2,855	3,470
Lebanon	40	25	15	3,230	1,685	1,545
Nepal	25	15	10	3,395	1,725	1,665
Pakistan	665	295	370	25,435	12,425	13,015
Philippines	880	270	610	53,190	21,740	31,450
Saudi Arabia	65	50	15	3,140	1,615	1,530
Sri Lanka	575	270	305	8,185	3,580	4,605
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	30	25	0	12,710	6,590	6,120
Taiwan	170	90	80	1,015	435	580
Turkey	20	0	15	2,590	1,440	1,145
United Arab Emirates	125	65	60	4,290	2,230	2,055
Viet Nam	75	20	55	3,885	1,520	2,365
Other places of birth in Asia	265	115	150	13,995	6,505	7,485
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	25	15	10	1,980	1,215	765
Australia	20	15	0	1,535	965	565
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	10	10	0	445	250	200
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	327,400	159,720	167,675	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,920
First generationCensus data footnote 69	200,300	94,490	105,810	4,122,840	1,953,095	2,169,740
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	93,465	48,280	45,185	3,049,835	1,525,300	1,524,540
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	33,645	16,955	16,690	6,069,485	2,993,845	3,075,640
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	161,675	75,465	86,210	2,825,480	1,331,730	1,493,750
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	87,260	43,320	43,945	1,364,380	677,695	686,685
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	33,630	22,310	11,325	540,795	338,460	202,335
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	53,630	21,010	32,620	823,580	339,240	484,350
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	53,140	20,825	32,315	940,405	382,890	557,520
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	17,695	9,655	8,035	482,665	253,750	228,910
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	3,585	1,665	1,920	38,035	17,400	20,640
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	327,400	159,720	167,675	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,920
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	740	335	405	374,395	179,970	194,420
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	695	310	395	361,125	173,685	187,445
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	425	195	230	236,680	112,840	123,845
Métis	250	100	150	120,585	59,015	61,570
Inuk (Inuit)	20	15	10	3,860	1,835	2,030
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	25	15	0	5,730	2,680	3,045
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	20	10	10	7,540	3,615	3,930
Non-Aboriginal identity	326,660	159,390	167,275	12,867,765	6,292,265	6,575,500
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	327,400	159,720	167,675	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,925
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	200	85	115	170,895	81,560	89,335
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	327,200	159,640	167,560	13,071,265	6,390,680	6,680,585
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	327,400	159,725	167,680	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,920
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	150	50	95	112,875	54,840	58,035
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	145	45	95	111,575	54,180	57,395
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	105	40	65	97,430	47,130	50,305
Métis single ancestry	40	10	35	12,925	6,490	6,435
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	1,220	565	655
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	0	0	0	1,295	665	640
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	10	0	1,055	545	510
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	145	70	75
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	65	25	40
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	30	20	10
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	985	455	530	405,425	192,320	213,100
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	965	440	525	395,205	187,695	207,510
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	740	335	405	276,920	130,810	146,110
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	210	95	115	113,785	54,830	58,955
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	0	10	4,500	2,050	2,450
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	15	10	0	10,215	4,620	5,590
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	10	10	9,305	4,205	5,100
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	595	290	305
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	0	300	125	170
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	15	0	10
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	326,270	159,220	167,050	12,723,865	6,225,080	6,498,785
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	327,400	159,725	167,675	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,920
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	255,155	124,000	131,155	3,885,585	1,878,075	2,007,505
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	58,270	29,105	29,165	1,150,415	582,010	568,400
Chinese	147,725	71,610	76,115	754,550	359,230	395,315
Black	9,655	4,500	5,160	627,715	296,270	331,445
Filipino	8,905	3,780	5,120	311,675	132,440	179,230
Latin American	1,750	815	935	195,950	93,645	102,310
Arab	3,250	1,620	1,635	210,435	109,585	100,850
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	2,520	1,105	1,415	133,855	63,255	70,605
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	7,910	4,000	3,910	154,670	77,385	77,280
Korean	4,355	2,140	2,210	88,935	42,445	46,495
Japanese	995	485	510	30,830	13,595	17,235
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	2,920	1,385	1,530	97,970	46,105	51,860
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	6,895	3,455	3,440	128,585	62,105	66,485
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	72,250	35,725	36,525	9,356,575	4,594,165	4,762,410
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	327,400	159,725	167,675	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,920
North American Aboriginal origins	1,130	510	625	518,300	247,160	271,135
First Nations (North American Indian)	860	390	465	385,505	183,075	202,430
Inuit	20	10	10	6,870	3,150	3,720
Métis	275	120	150	137,485	66,245	71,235
Other North American origins	22,360	11,310	11,045	3,220,595	1,585,255	1,635,340
Acadian	65	20	45	16,580	8,135	8,450
American	1,315	665	655	140,165	67,480	72,690
Canadian	21,435	10,850	10,585	3,109,770	1,531,645	1,578,125
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	320	190	125
Newfoundlander	35	25	10	10,850	5,520	5,325
Nova Scotian	45	30	25	1,485	685	800
Ontarian	10	0	10	2,165	1,085	1,075
Québécois	35	15	15	5,390	2,730	2,665
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	0	0	0	675	375	300
European origins	72,825	35,885	36,945	8,151,470	3,978,900	4,172,570
British Isles origins	35,225	17,330	17,895	4,900,430	2,380,595	2,519,835
Channel Islander	25	15	10	1,120	530	590
Cornish	0	0	0	755	370	385
English	20,555	10,185	10,370	2,808,805	1,357,650	1,451,160
Irish	13,905	6,860	7,040	2,095,460	991,625	1,103,835
Manx	30	15	10	2,450	1,320	1,130
Scottish	14,655	7,055	7,600	2,107,295	1,016,260	1,091,030
Welsh	1,290	620	670	198,475	94,555	103,920
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	2,830	1,325	1,510	323,185	152,525	170,660
French origins	5,845	2,765	3,080	1,350,520	643,360	707,160
Alsatian	0	0	10	1,235	495	740
Breton	0	0	0	290	175	120
Corsican	0	0	0	205	125	85
French	5,845	2,765	3,080	1,349,255	642,790	706,470
Western European origins (except French origins)	10,345	5,245	5,100	1,766,975	864,010	902,970
Austrian	985	525	460	72,475	35,415	37,065
Bavarian	0	0	0	450	225	230
Belgian	265	115	145	57,890	28,460	29,430
Dutch	2,365	1,205	1,160	527,750	259,585	268,165
Flemish	15	10	0	4,005	2,005	1,995
Frisian	20	15	10	2,705	1,400	1,305
German	7,160	3,600	3,560	1,189,670	579,315	610,355
Luxembourger	20	15	10	915	500	415
Swiss	450	250	205	59,835	29,395	30,440
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	0	0	0	1,095	560	530
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,685	840	850	266,085	127,885	138,195
Danish	385	215	165	53,555	26,355	27,195
Finnish	510	220	285	76,755	36,955	39,800
Icelandic	75	35	30	13,215	6,325	6,895
Norwegian	320	165	150	59,335	28,350	30,980
Swedish	430	210	220	71,035	32,705	38,325
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	100	45	55	12,540	6,400	6,140
Eastern European origins	13,910	6,935	6,980	1,339,610	644,610	695,000
Bulgarian	265	130	140	16,750	8,230	8,525
Byelorussian	205	75	130	11,690	5,645	6,045
Czech	430	225	205	42,340	20,815	21,530
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	115	45	75	14,810	6,820	7,990
Estonian	250	105	150	15,075	7,255	7,825
Hungarian	1,485	765	725	163,500	79,850	83,655
Latvian	245	115	125	18,095	8,615	9,480
Lithuanian	700	320	375	35,100	16,965	18,135
Moldovan	80	45	35	3,905	1,910	1,995
Polish	5,015	2,555	2,460	523,490	251,575	271,910
Romanian	1,800	940	860	98,235	46,825	51,410
Russian	3,840	1,870	1,965	220,850	103,650	117,200
Slovak	250	135	115	40,535	19,645	20,885
Ukrainian	2,800	1,425	1,370	376,440	181,725	194,715
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	160	85	70	10,330	4,940	5,390
Southern European origins	26,495	13,200	13,295	1,772,160	880,335	891,830
Albanian	165	75	90	25,980	13,085	12,895
Bosnian	95	60	40	14,680	7,255	7,425
Catalan	15	15	0	285	180	110
Croatian	435	225	205	82,220	41,350	40,875
Cypriot	85	35	55	4,400	2,170	2,230
Greek	6,215	3,105	3,115	148,555	74,830	73,720
Italian	12,060	6,025	6,035	931,805	467,100	464,705
Kosovar	0	0	0	1,305	655	650
Macedonian	2,280	1,110	1,170	39,440	19,820	19,625
Maltese	240	100	145	35,255	17,525	17,730
Montenegrin	35	30	10	2,545	1,295	1,250
Portuguese	3,180	1,625	1,560	324,930	160,970	163,960
Serbian	630	325	305	66,835	34,035	32,800
Sicilian	85	45	45	4,190	2,090	2,100
Slovenian	200	115	95	26,485	13,215	13,275
Spanish	3,125	1,520	1,605	171,145	78,880	92,265
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	180	85	95	20,245	9,785	10,460
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	0	0	0	965	425	540
Other European origins	1,785	970	815	105,865	53,050	52,820
Basque	20	15	0	1,585	805	780
Jewish	1,420	750	665	77,280	38,860	38,425
Roma (Gypsy)	0	10	0	2,295	1,050	1,245
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	40	15	20	2,065	1,110	955
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	310	185	125	23,290	11,540	11,750
Caribbean origins	10,665	5,010	5,655	462,600	213,660	248,940
Antiguan	50	10	40	3,275	1,480	1,800
Bahamian	90	70	20	2,305	1,190	1,115
Barbadian	670	320	355	26,625	12,375	14,250
Bermudan	10	0	10	2,010	925	1,085
Carib	15	15	10	2,295	855	1,440
Cuban	145	75	75	14,490	6,625	7,865
Dominican	145	80	60	9,180	4,420	4,760
Grenadian	235	95	145	14,690	6,420	8,275
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	70	20	50
Haitian	140	55	80	17,715	8,085	9,630
Jamaican	6,175	2,895	3,275	257,060	119,100	137,955
Kittitian/Nevisian	55	30	25	2,260	1,090	1,175
Martinican	0	0	0	195	65	125
Montserratan	0	0	10	620	300	325
Puerto Rican	15	10	10	1,495	755	740
St. Lucian	60	35	25	7,170	3,195	3,985
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	1,640	760	880	59,560	27,850	31,710
Vincentian/Grenadinian	240	110	125	12,155	5,250	6,905
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	1,770	835	930	56,865	25,380	31,480
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	280	110	165	16,970	7,770	9,195
Latin, Central and South American origins	5,205	2,465	2,750	322,210	153,045	169,165
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	100	45	55	10,795	5,040	5,750
Arawak	0	0	0	1,055	470	585
Argentinian	230	105	120	11,460	5,620	5,840
Belizean	30	30	0	810	395	415
Bolivian	15	10	0	1,885	935	955
Brazilian	280	105	175	18,395	8,760	9,635
Chilean	95	40	60	14,625	7,015	7,610
Colombian	395	195	195	40,820	19,345	21,480
Costa Rican	10	10	10	2,790	1,380	1,410
Ecuadorian	235	110	125	20,385	9,650	10,735
Guatemalan	50	30	20	10,040	4,870	5,170
Guyanese	2,455	1,205	1,250	73,360	34,050	39,315
Hispanic	20	15	0	5,805	2,790	3,015
Honduran	0	0	0	3,360	1,590	1,765
Maya	10	10	0	2,500	1,285	1,215
Mexican	400	175	225	43,120	20,735	22,380
Nicaraguan	25	15	15	7,100	3,440	3,665
Panamanian	80	40	40	2,475	1,125	1,355
Paraguayan	20	10	10	600	280	320
Peruvian	360	155	205	14,780	6,985	7,800
Salvadorean	160	50	110	27,595	13,530	14,070
Uruguayan	65	20	45	4,200	2,150	2,050
Venezuelan	245	115	130	11,750	5,320	6,430
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	215	105	105	14,095	6,745	7,350
African origins	7,520	3,690	3,830	414,095	203,260	210,835
Central and West African origins	835	410	425	85,735	42,745	42,990
Akan	10	10	0	965	540	425
Angolan	10	10	0	1,635	815	820
Ashanti	15	0	10	1,205	620	585
Beninese	0	0	0	555	280	270
Burkinabe	0	0	0	415	190	225
Cameroonian	40	20	20	4,700	2,330	2,370
Chadian	0	0	0	645	320	325
Congolese	65	30	30	10,425	4,960	5,460
Edo	0	0	0	1,025	545	480
Ewe	0	0	0	180	95	80
Gabonese	0	0	0	170	80	90
Gambian	10	0	0	630	305	330
Ghanaian	270	135	130	24,850	12,060	12,790
Guinean	30	25	0	1,105	550	560
Ibo	55	20	35	1,940	1,035	905
Ivorian	25	10	15	1,350	600	745
Liberian	0	0	0	770	365	405
Malian	0	0	0	490	250	240
Malinké	45	25	25	345	160	185
Nigerian	205	90	115	26,560	13,620	12,940
Peulh	0	0	0	135	80	55
Senegalese	20	0	10	1,000	500	495
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	1,175	585	585
Togolese	10	0	0	670	370	300
Wolof	0	0	0	80	45	35
Yoruba	60	25	30	4,055	2,155	1,900
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	40	25	10	4,745	2,340	2,410
North African origins	2,485	1,255	1,230	86,665	44,970	41,695
Algerian	45	0	30	4,065	2,035	2,030
Berber	0	10	0	1,845	985	860
Coptic	210	105	105	2,305	1,185	1,120
Dinka	0	0	0	205	110	95
Egyptian	1,915	995	920	52,845	27,465	25,375
Libyan	35	20	20	3,785	2,015	1,760
Maure	0	0	0	290	160	125
Moroccan	200	80	120	12,305	6,310	6,000
Sudanese	115	45	65	8,975	4,600	4,375
Tunisian	35	20	10	2,295	1,210	1,085
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	10	0	0	1,755	920	830
Southern and East African origins	2,215	1,115	1,095	128,910	61,680	67,230
Afrikaner	35	15	20	560	285	275
Amhara	0	0	0	720	360	360
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	0	0	0	870	455	415
Burundian	30	15	15	3,105	1,465	1,640
Djiboutian	0	0	0	1,035	460	575
Eritrean	55	25	30	11,870	5,740	6,125
Ethiopian	320	180	145	22,560	10,755	11,800
Harari	50	25	25	475	255	215
Kenyan	160	75	85	5,860	2,780	3,080
Malagasy	0	0	0	430	200	230
Mauritian	235	145	90	3,600	1,830	1,770
Oromo	15	10	10	1,290	610	685
Rwandan	0	0	0	3,215	1,380	1,830
Seychellois	0	0	0	350	140	205
Somali	215	105	115	40,995	19,200	21,795
South African	690	335	355	19,760	9,790	9,970
Tanzanian	145	85	65	2,610	1,300	1,315
Tigrian	0	0	0	770	395	375
Ugandan	55	30	30	2,950	1,445	1,505
Zambian	0	0	0	805	410	395
Zimbabwean	65	30	30	3,425	1,595	1,830
Zulu	0	0	10	440	225	215
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	280	125	150	8,475	3,900	4,570
Other African origins	2,030	930	1,100	119,670	57,245	62,420
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	300	125	175	17,380	7,720	9,660
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	1,755	820	930	103,560	50,150	53,410
Asian origins	242,105	117,750	124,355	3,100,450	1,506,795	1,593,655
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	15,735	7,875	7,860	523,340	265,615	257,730
Afghan	1,430	715	720	54,535	27,255	27,280
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	560	280	280	44,705	23,345	21,360
Armenian	1,860	945	925	29,675	14,570	15,105
Assyrian	55	25	30	12,075	6,140	5,935
Azerbaijani	220	115	100	4,105	1,995	2,110
Georgian	85	65	15	2,815	1,415	1,395
Hazara	50	25	20	680	390	290
Iranian	8,120	4,115	4,000	117,065	58,995	58,065
Iraqi	640	290	350	50,460	25,420	25,035
Israeli	360	150	210	17,080	8,890	8,185
Jordanian	70	45	20	9,660	5,110	4,545
Kazakh	10	10	0	1,325	610	715
Kurd	100	55	40	9,210	4,880	4,330
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	1,510	795	715
Kyrgyz	10	10	0	340	130	210
Lebanese	1,185	540	645	86,245	43,700	42,545
Palestinian	345	170	180	28,480	15,215	13,270
Pashtun	65	35	30	3,010	1,635	1,375
Saudi Arabian	30	20	10	3,660	1,975	1,685
Syrian	255	100	155	31,440	15,570	15,870
Tajik	95	45	50	1,850	880	970
Tatar	45	25	15	2,135	930	1,205
Turk	655	375	275	34,165	17,340	16,825
Turkmen	0	0	0	695	345	355
Uighur	0	0	0	755	385	375
Uzbek	60	40	25	2,400	1,155	1,240
Yemeni	165	95	70	4,225	2,065	2,155
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	260	130	130	16,270	8,395	7,875
South Asian origins	58,880	29,255	29,620	1,182,845	595,480	587,370
Bangladeshi	320	165	150	29,195	14,965	14,230
Bengali	250	115	135	15,235	7,795	7,445
Bhutanese	0	0	0	1,450	710	735
East Indian	33,070	16,350	16,720	774,500	390,015	384,480
Goan	290	140	155	4,775	2,245	2,525
Gujarati	330	135	200	5,915	3,055	2,860
Kashmiri	50	40	15	1,795	900	895
Nepali	80	40	35	8,150	4,070	4,080
Pakistani	5,720	2,960	2,770	149,060	75,860	73,200
Punjabi	1,030	520	515	55,455	28,580	26,875
Sinhalese	245	150	95	5,195	2,545	2,645
Sri Lankan	14,340	6,995	7,350	124,270	60,685	63,585
Tamil	5,780	3,025	2,755	42,760	21,705	21,050
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	2,905	1,465	1,445	58,705	29,705	29,005
East and Southeast Asian origins	169,040	81,355	87,685	1,422,890	659,650	763,245
Burmese	150	55	95	4,420	2,105	2,315
Cambodian (Khmer)	75	25	45	14,655	6,810	7,845
Chinese	152,090	73,745	78,350	849,345	403,280	446,065
Filipino	10,265	4,500	5,765	337,760	144,830	192,930
Hmong	15	10	10	650	340	305
Indonesian	475	250	225	9,325	4,305	5,025
Japanese	1,575	750	825	41,620	18,530	23,090
Karen	0	0	0	1,645	830	815
Korean	4,840	2,405	2,435	93,420	44,585	48,835
Laotian	105	50	50	9,875	4,865	5,015
Malaysian	505	255	250	7,310	3,370	3,935
Mongolian	70	35	35	2,940	1,390	1,545
Singaporean	135	65	70	1,260	565	700
Taiwanese	1,045	505	540	10,060	4,595	5,465
Thai	135	50	85	6,865	2,725	4,135
Tibetan	15	0	10	6,365	3,175	3,185
Vietnamese	2,970	1,340	1,630	107,640	51,350	56,290
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	200	115	95	4,375	2,165	2,210
Other Asian origins	485	250	240	13,430	6,575	6,855
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	490	250	240	13,430	6,575	6,855
Oceania origins	230	135	100	20,680	10,435	10,240
Australian	115	65	50	13,315	6,780	6,530
New Zealander	60	35	25	4,250	2,255	2,000
Pacific Islands origins	55	30	20	3,490	1,625	1,860
Fijian	30	20	10	1,610	665	945
Hawaiian	0	0	0	470	235	240
Maori	0	0	0	485	255	230
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	0	0	0	275	115	165
Samoan	0	0	0	225	140	85
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	20	10	10	555	265	290
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	102,680	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
Owner	88,395	...	...	3,601,825	...	...
Renter	14,285	...	...	1,559,720	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	7,635	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	102,675	...	...	5,169,170	...	...
Condominium	17,770	...	...	680,495	...	...
Not condominium	84,905	...	...	4,488,680	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	102,675	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
No bedrooms	150	...	...	33,950	...	...
1 bedroom	7,765	...	...	699,980	...	...
2 bedrooms	11,400	...	...	1,122,145	...	...
3 bedrooms	29,560	...	...	1,876,905	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	53,800	...	...	1,436,185	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	102,680	...	...	5,169,170	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	21,185	...	...	1,369,660	...	...
5 rooms	14,310	...	...	718,020	...	...
6 rooms	15,685	...	...	770,730	...	...
7 rooms	15,005	...	...	713,595	...	...
8 or more rooms	36,495	...	...	1,597,165	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.7	...	...	6.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	102,675	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
One person or fewer per room	98,575	...	...	5,046,810	...	...
More than 1 person per room	4,100	...	...	122,360	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	102,675	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
Suitable	95,655	...	...	4,858,170	...	...
Not suitable	7,020	...	...	311,005	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	102,680	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
1960 or before	2,800	...	...	1,293,135	...	...
1961 to 1980	18,030	...	...	1,449,585	...	...
1981 to 1990	20,970	...	...	709,135	...	...
1991 to 2000	16,365	...	...	622,565	...	...
2001 to 2005	16,560	...	...	396,130	...	...
2006 to 2010	13,900	...	...	368,235	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	14,045	...	...	330,390	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	102,675	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	99,875	...	...	4,851,335	...	...
Major repairs needed	2,805	...	...	317,840	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	102,675	...	...	5,169,170	...	...
1 household maintainer	51,275	...	...	2,962,065	...	...
2 household maintainers	46,120	...	...	2,059,710	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	5,275	...	...	147,400	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	102,675	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,155	...	...	135,835	...	...
25 to 34 years	10,400	...	...	681,685	...	...
35 to 44 years	19,370	...	...	880,070	...	...
45 to 54 years	26,025	...	...	1,113,885	...	...
55 to 64 years	22,840	...	...	1,047,185	...	...
65 to 74 years	14,525	...	...	738,445	...	...
75 to 84 years	6,380	...	...	414,210	...	...
85 years and over	1,985	...	...	157,860	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	102,430	...	...	5,106,290	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	67,310	...	...	3,694,385	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	35,115	...	...	1,411,900	...	...
30% to less than 100%	28,075	...	...	1,208,010	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	88,390	...	...	3,557,485	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	61.6	...	...	61.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	31.2	...	...	19.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,682	...	...	1,299	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,785	...	...	1,463	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	802,349	...	...	400,496	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	893,165	...	...	506,409	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	14,275	...	...	1,554,940	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	7.5	...	...	15.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	53.2	...	...	45.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,459	...	...	1,045	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,436	...	...	1,109	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	272,050	131,175	140,875	11,038,440	5,342,755	5,695,685
No certificate, diploma or degree	45,325	20,535	24,790	1,935,355	961,690	973,670
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	71,590	34,335	37,255	3,026,100	1,485,320	1,540,770
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	155,140	76,310	78,830	6,076,985	2,895,745	3,181,235
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	7,795	4,930	2,875	664,180	471,055	193,120
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	4,455	2,520	1,935	324,370	199,510	124,855
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	3,345	2,405	940	339,810	271,545	68,260
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	41,685	18,695	22,990	2,298,715	981,785	1,316,930
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	8,245	3,995	4,255	242,005	107,065	134,945
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	97,405	48,700	48,705	2,872,085	1,335,845	1,536,250
Bachelor's degree	68,265	32,995	35,270	1,911,530	854,135	1,057,395
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	5,300	2,565	2,735	189,370	83,670	105,695
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	2,450	1,215	1,235	79,760	42,295	37,460
Master's degree	19,105	10,395	8,710	593,645	294,180	299,470
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	2,285	1,525	760	97,790	61,560	36,230
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	180,935	85,690	95,250	7,229,120	3,498,620	3,730,495
No certificate, diploma or degree	18,840	8,690	10,155	752,995	404,770	348,225
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	39,450	18,320	21,130	1,768,955	895,020	873,935
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	122,640	58,680	63,960	4,707,165	2,198,830	2,508,335
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	5,000	3,020	1,975	446,390	315,975	130,420
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	2,915	1,555	1,350	218,980	134,685	84,295
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	2,085	1,465	625	227,410	181,290	46,120
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	32,040	14,125	17,920	1,782,530	762,505	1,020,030
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	6,270	2,885	3,385	170,925	75,935	94,995
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	79,325	38,650	40,675	2,307,320	1,044,420	1,262,895
Bachelor's degree	54,920	26,000	28,925	1,519,850	668,450	851,400
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	4,120	1,890	2,230	148,960	62,370	86,590
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	1,930	875	1,050	63,790	30,895	32,895
Master's degree	16,530	8,745	7,790	500,415	239,160	261,255
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	1,825	1,145	680	74,310	43,545	30,765
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	272,050	131,175	140,875	11,038,440	5,342,755	5,695,685
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	116,910	54,860	62,050	4,961,455	2,447,010	2,514,445
Education	7,610	1,505	6,105	349,745	79,245	270,505
13. Education	7,615	1,510	6,105	349,750	79,245	270,505
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	5,480	2,345	3,135	246,075	109,955	136,120
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	635	445	190	38,745	28,735	10,010
50. Visual and performing arts	4,845	1,900	2,950	207,325	81,220	126,110
Humanities	8,820	2,815	6,000	359,560	133,350	226,210
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	1,315	290	1,025	37,900	8,170	29,730
23. English language and literature/letters	2,205	515	1,690	98,440	28,290	70,145
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	3,100	925	2,180	95,345	32,940	62,410
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	25	15	10	2,165	805	1,365
38. Philosophy and religious studies	370	185	185	24,255	13,425	10,830
39. Theology and religious vocations	655	410	240	28,175	17,120	11,055
54. History	895	445	450	57,295	30,015	27,280
55. French language and literature/letters	250	35	215	15,990	2,590	13,400
Social and behavioural sciences and law	18,415	6,895	11,520	810,410	269,735	540,670
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	160	20	135	10,765	2,210	8,560
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	1,530	630	900	81,500	31,825	49,675
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	2,315	245	2,070	141,750	11,775	129,975
22. Legal professions and studies	2,565	1,040	1,525	128,860	45,275	83,590
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	270	50	220	16,210	3,400	12,815
42. Psychology	2,525	625	1,900	122,545	29,640	92,905
45. Social sciences	9,045	4,290	4,760	308,775	145,620	163,155
Business, management and public administration	44,215	19,520	24,695	1,279,665	527,085	752,580
30.16 Accounting and computer science	95	45	55	2,725	895	1,830
44. Public administration and social service professions	1,435	315	1,120	108,935	21,405	87,530
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	42,680	19,160	23,520	1,168,005	504,780	663,225
Physical and life sciences and technologies	8,695	4,065	4,630	253,905	124,050	129,850
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	3,390	1,410	1,975	110,950	45,120	65,835
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	2,515	1,095	1,420	54,745	24,800	29,945
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	195	65	135	3,830	1,190	2,640
40. Physical sciences	2,330	1,410	920	72,355	48,145	24,205
41. Science technologies/technicians	270	90	180	12,025	4,795	7,235
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	13,370	8,885	4,485	290,045	185,310	104,730
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	10,395	7,245	3,150	220,550	150,765	69,790
25. Library science	205	35	170	15,220	2,450	12,770
27. Mathematics and statistics	2,495	1,405	1,090	49,025	28,515	20,515
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	275	200	75	5,235	3,580	1,655
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	27,285	23,175	4,110	1,173,030	1,055,050	117,985
04. Architecture and related services	1,415	935	480	51,845	34,590	17,265
14. Engineering	15,590	12,560	3,030	334,085	271,010	63,070
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	4,510	4,070	440	237,775	214,500	23,275
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	10	0	0	160	30	125
46. Construction trades	1,755	1,715	40	198,790	194,555	4,235
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,830	2,775	55	225,860	220,545	5,315
48. Precision production	1,175	1,115	55	124,515	119,820	4,695
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,430	790	640	106,895	67,015	39,880
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	855	490	360	66,035	41,790	24,240
03. Natural resources and conservation	575	300	280	40,860	25,230	15,635
Health and related fields	15,470	4,260	11,215	865,970	173,780	692,185
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	1,355	735	620	75,715	37,005	38,705
51. Health professions and related programs	13,535	3,225	10,310	767,680	124,280	643,400
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	585	300	285	22,575	12,490	10,075
Personal, protective and transportation services	4,325	2,050	2,275	340,285	170,915	169,375
12. Personal and culinary services	2,960	955	2,005	183,925	49,390	134,535
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	2,135	1,815	320
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	45	45	0	2,610	2,385	225
43. Security and protective services	785	620	160	98,325	68,625	29,695
49. Transportation and materials moving	530	415	115	53,290	48,695	4,595
Other	20	0	20	1,405	260	1,145
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	25	0	25	1,405	255	1,145
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	180,935	85,685	95,250	7,229,120	3,498,625	3,730,500
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	58,295	27,005	31,290	2,521,950	1,299,790	1,222,160
Education	5,130	995	4,140	243,635	52,670	190,965
13. Education	5,130	990	4,140	243,635	52,670	190,965
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	4,310	1,820	2,485	192,630	85,175	107,450
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	500	360	135	28,705	21,070	7,635
50. Visual and performing arts	3,810	1,465	2,350	163,925	64,105	99,815
Humanities	6,620	1,980	4,645	266,665	95,805	170,855
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	1,045	190	850	29,210	5,775	23,435
23. English language and literature/letters	1,670	350	1,315	73,110	20,225	52,885
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	2,345	645	1,700	72,145	24,330	47,815
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	15	10	0	1,665	615	1,045
38. Philosophy and religious studies	275	140	135	17,755	9,925	7,830
39. Theology and religious vocations	505	335	165	19,390	11,790	7,605
54. History	590	275	310	42,315	21,735	20,585
55. French language and literature/letters	185	20	160	11,075	1,415	9,655
Social and behavioural sciences and law	14,595	5,245	9,350	648,285	207,200	441,085
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	130	15	115	8,630	1,785	6,845
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	1,175	460	710	67,115	26,015	41,105
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,770	175	1,595	111,550	8,405	103,145
22. Legal professions and studies	2,050	760	1,295	108,895	34,250	74,650
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	195	40	155	12,875	2,705	10,170
42. Psychology	1,880	410	1,465	93,770	21,045	72,725
45. Social sciences	7,395	3,385	4,010	245,445	113,000	132,445
Business, management and public administration	36,400	15,140	21,260	1,026,975	414,425	612,550
30.16 Accounting and computer science	90	40	55	2,225	715	1,510
44. Public administration and social service professions	1,110	210	900	88,130	16,590	71,540
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	35,200	14,890	20,310	936,620	397,120	539,500
Physical and life sciences and technologies	6,390	2,860	3,530	190,235	88,535	101,700
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	2,440	960	1,480	84,580	33,150	51,425
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	1,910	805	1,110	41,255	18,020	23,240
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	155	50	100	3,135	975	2,165
40. Physical sciences	1,675	985	685	52,490	33,175	19,310
41. Science technologies/technicians	210	60	160	8,775	3,215	5,555
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	12,235	8,125	4,105	252,275	162,360	89,915
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	9,745	6,785	2,965	198,775	136,120	62,655
25. Library science	160	35	130	10,755	1,765	8,995
27. Mathematics and statistics	2,095	1,150	945	38,160	21,440	16,720
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	235	155	75	4,580	3,030	1,550
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	20,950	17,370	3,580	878,300	779,075	99,225
04. Architecture and related services	1,060	660	400	42,115	27,365	14,745
14. Engineering	12,715	10,005	2,715	266,040	211,240	54,800
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	3,180	2,835	350	178,830	160,160	18,675
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	140	25	115
46. Construction trades	1,195	1,165	30	141,515	138,160	3,360
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,025	1,985	40	162,855	158,770	4,080
48. Precision production	775	720	50	86,805	83,355	3,450
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,105	570	530	82,775	49,710	33,065
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	640	335	300	50,160	30,065	20,095
03. Natural resources and conservation	465	235	225	32,615	19,650	12,965
Health and related fields	11,675	3,140	8,535	664,880	133,665	531,220
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	970	510	465	58,160	27,950	30,205
51. Health professions and related programs	10,275	2,420	7,850	589,085	96,720	492,365
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	430	210	225	17,640	8,990	8,645
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,220	1,440	1,780	259,400	129,985	129,415
12. Personal and culinary services	2,305	705	1,595	137,250	36,225	101,030
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	1,685	1,405	280
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	25	25	0	1,415	1,270	145
43. Security and protective services	525	415	105	77,190	52,840	24,345
49. Transportation and materials moving	365	285	75	41,855	38,245	3,610
Other	15	0	15	1,125	220	900
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	15	0	15	1,125	225	900
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	272,050	131,175	140,880	11,038,440	5,342,755	5,695,685
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	116,910	54,860	62,050	4,961,460	2,447,010	2,514,445
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	155,140	76,310	78,825	6,076,985	2,895,745	3,181,240
Location of study inside Canada	99,450	48,960	50,490	4,786,950	2,261,260	2,525,690
Same as province or territory of residence	92,700	45,470	47,225	4,414,485	2,081,525	2,332,960
Different than province or territory of residence	6,750	3,495	3,260	372,470	179,735	192,730
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	55,690	27,350	28,340	1,290,035	634,485	655,545
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	4,555	2,610	1,945	167,260	89,350	77,910
Philippines	3,635	1,180	2,460	115,410	39,750	75,655
India	6,490	3,195	3,300	169,340	85,500	83,840
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	3,590	2,070	1,525	115,690	66,215	49,470
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	13,830	6,645	7,190	98,415	46,230	52,185
France	220	125	95	10,775	5,800	4,975
Other	23,365	11,530	11,830	613,145	301,635	311,510
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	180,930	85,685	95,250	7,229,120	3,498,620	3,730,500
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	58,295	27,005	31,290	2,521,955	1,299,795	1,222,160
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	122,640	58,680	63,960	4,707,170	2,198,830	2,508,335
Location of study inside Canada	79,335	38,495	40,835	3,713,145	1,728,610	1,984,540
Same as province or territory of residence	74,070	35,780	38,290	3,432,015	1,593,170	1,838,850
Different than province or territory of residence	5,265	2,710	2,550	281,130	135,440	145,690
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	43,305	20,190	23,120	994,025	470,225	523,800
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	3,655	2,010	1,645	127,005	65,045	61,960
Philippines	2,800	830	1,970	97,230	32,925	64,300
India	5,175	2,430	2,750	143,205	70,040	73,175
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	2,235	1,245	990	62,325	34,315	28,010
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	11,750	5,520	6,230	82,020	37,900	44,125
France	175	95	80	8,705	4,630	4,070
Other	17,510	8,055	9,455	473,530	225,365	248,160
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	272,050	131,175	140,875	11,038,440	5,342,755	5,695,680
In the labour force	172,130	89,745	82,385	7,141,675	3,689,625	3,452,055
Employed	159,640	83,580	76,060	6,612,150	3,414,255	3,197,895
Unemployed	12,495	6,165	6,330	529,525	275,370	254,160
Not in the labour force	99,920	41,430	58,490	3,896,765	1,653,130	2,243,630
Participation rate	63.3	68.4	58.5	64.7	69.1	60.6
Employment rate	58.7	63.7	54.0	59.9	63.9	56.1
Unemployment rate	7.3	6.9	7.7	7.4	7.5	7.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	272,050	131,170	140,880	11,038,440	5,342,755	5,695,685
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	95,585	39,590	56,005	3,696,235	1,561,475	2,134,755
Worked	176,465	91,585	84,875	7,342,205	3,781,280	3,560,925
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	89,930	50,180	39,750	3,837,565	2,148,635	1,688,935
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	86,530	41,405	45,125	3,504,645	1,632,645	1,871,995
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.4	43.1	41.6	42.9	43.4	42.3
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	172,135	89,745	82,390	7,141,675	3,689,625	3,452,055
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	4,850	2,205	2,645	171,050	81,735	89,315
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	167,285	87,535	79,750	6,970,625	3,607,890	3,362,735
Employee	143,110	71,835	71,270	6,146,035	3,084,740	3,061,295
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	24,180	15,705	8,475	824,595	523,145	301,445
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	172,135	89,745	82,385	7,141,675	3,689,625	3,452,050
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	4,850	2,205	2,640	171,045	81,735	89,315
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	167,290	87,540	79,750	6,970,625	3,607,890	3,362,735
0 Management occupations	21,920	13,885	8,030	790,880	483,240	307,635
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	33,775	11,945	21,835	1,124,770	357,215	767,555
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	19,980	15,270	4,700	516,110	399,195	116,915
3 Health occupations	9,030	2,475	6,555	447,045	90,495	356,550
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	16,190	4,910	11,280	831,340	265,075	566,265
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	5,215	2,610	2,610	225,720	104,445	121,275
6 Sales and service occupations	40,005	19,820	20,190	1,632,085	709,375	922,710
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	12,595	11,665	930	927,820	866,870	60,950
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	915	760	155	113,405	88,150	25,260
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	7,660	4,195	3,470	361,455	243,835	117,620
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	172,135	89,745	82,390	7,141,675	3,689,625	3,452,050
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	4,850	2,205	2,640	171,050	81,730	89,315
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	167,285	87,535	79,745	6,970,625	3,607,890	3,362,735
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	295	165	125	102,070	67,005	35,070
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	210	145	65	32,340	27,920	4,415
22 Utilities	910	615	300	50,820	38,195	12,630
23 Construction	7,135	6,040	1,095	476,835	419,600	57,230
31-33 Manufacturing	15,160	9,450	5,715	683,335	482,800	200,530
41 Wholesale trade	9,675	6,085	3,590	270,745	178,945	91,800
44-45 Retail trade	18,830	9,595	9,235	783,540	367,175	416,365
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	5,635	4,120	1,515	329,240	242,045	87,190
51 Information and cultural industries	5,495	3,220	2,275	176,715	101,045	75,670
52 Finance and insurance	17,555	8,510	9,050	380,765	169,590	211,180
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	5,460	3,015	2,450	144,275	77,385	66,890
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	20,615	12,055	8,565	567,825	316,685	251,140
55 Management of companies and enterprises	430	180	245	12,365	5,290	7,075
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	7,040	3,915	3,125	338,640	190,210	148,430
61 Educational services	11,650	3,735	7,915	528,470	163,680	364,795
62 Health care and social assistance	14,060	3,185	10,880	754,555	134,270	620,275
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	2,530	1,450	1,080	147,425	75,330	72,095
72 Accommodation and food services	12,035	6,345	5,695	478,070	201,260	276,805
81 Other services (except public administration)	6,930	2,915	4,015	296,960	133,220	163,745
91 Public administration	5,610	2,805	2,815	415,635	216,250	199,385
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	159,635	83,575	76,060	6,612,150	3,414,255	3,197,900
Worked at home	13,310	6,845	6,465	480,290	242,495	237,795
Worked outside Canada	1,760	1,230	535	39,145	25,995	13,150
No fixed workplace address	16,670	11,660	5,010	736,715	536,140	200,570
Worked at usual place	127,895	63,845	64,050	5,355,995	2,609,620	2,746,375
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	127,895	63,845	64,050	5,356,000	2,609,625	2,746,375
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	40,260	18,625	21,635	3,109,070	1,418,260	1,690,810
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	18,160	9,420	8,740	857,565	419,960	437,605
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	69,170	35,630	33,535	1,350,375	749,770	600,605
Commute to a different province or territory	305	170	135	38,990	21,630	17,355
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	144,565	75,505	69,065	6,092,710	3,145,765	2,946,945
Car, truck, van - as a driver	105,735	59,670	46,065	4,375,215	2,392,270	1,982,945
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	10,665	3,230	7,435	372,480	151,880	220,600
Public transit	23,520	10,545	12,980	888,920	376,690	512,235
Walked	3,060	1,220	1,835	320,015	143,885	176,130
Bicycle	465	315	145	75,460	50,200	25,260
Other method	1,125	525	600	60,620	30,835	29,785
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	144,565	75,505	69,060	6,092,715	3,145,765	2,946,950
Less than 15 minutes	18,125	8,130	9,995	1,463,845	675,540	788,310
15 to 29 minutes	41,675	20,540	21,130	1,964,690	991,525	973,165
30 to 44 minutes	37,695	20,835	16,855	1,295,375	706,155	589,225
45 to 59 minutes	17,775	10,080	7,695	612,415	336,090	276,325
60 minutes and over	29,295	15,920	13,380	756,385	436,455	319,930
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	144,565	75,505	69,060	6,092,715	3,145,765	2,946,950
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	5,155	3,595	1,560	413,515	296,265	117,245
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	18,365	10,565	7,800	1,039,255	640,810	398,445
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	37,930	18,995	18,930	1,571,230	778,100	793,130
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	36,450	18,215	18,230	1,354,870	577,565	777,310
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	29,660	15,210	14,450	740,330	328,410	411,920
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	17,010	8,920	8,090	973,515	524,620	448,895
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	183,015	94,770	88,250	7,579,085	3,895,880	3,683,200
Single responses	175,420	91,235	84,185	7,434,675	3,828,665	3,606,015
Official languages	157,265	81,690	75,575	7,319,360	3,767,405	3,551,955
English	156,870	81,595	75,270	7,225,210	3,732,550	3,492,655
French	405	95	305	94,145	34,850	59,295
Non-official languages	18,155	9,545	8,605	115,320	61,255	54,060
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	1,485	765	715
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	1,420	745	675
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	370	220	150
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	10
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	360	215	145
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	1,050	525	525
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	495	235	265
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	545	290	260
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	25	0	20
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	25	10	20
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	25	10	20
Cayuga	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mohawk	0	0	0	20	10	10
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	18,155	9,545	8,610	113,835	60,490	53,340
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	10	25	3,305	1,995	1,310
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	125	45	80
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	15	10	10
Somali	0	0	0	110	35	70
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	30	10	25	3,175	1,955	1,225
Amharic	0	0	0	75	30	45
Arabic	15	10	10	2,430	1,605	825
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	145	110	40
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	35	20	15
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	0	10	395	140	260
Maltese	0	0	0	20	15	10
Tigrigna	0	0	0	60	30	25
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	10	15	2,575	1,065	1,510
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	95	50	50
Vietnamese	25	10	15	2,480	1,015	1,465
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	25	15	10	1,280	495	790
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	25	10	15
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ilocano	10	10	0	40	20	20
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	55	20	30
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20	10	15	1,145	435	705
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Creole languages	0	10	0	60	35	30
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	15	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	0	0	50	25	20
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Dravidian languages	290	135	155	1,980	945	1,035
Kannada	0	0	0	10	0	10
Malayalam	0	0	0	75	45	30
Tamil	290	130	160	1,870	900	975
Telugu	0	0	0	35	10	20
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	590	315	275	38,960	21,375	17,580
Albanian	0	0	0	275	170	105
Armenian	0	0	10	145	75	75
Balto-Slavic languages	70	40	35	6,655	3,165	3,495
Baltic languages	0	0	0	70	25	40
Latvian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	45	20	25
Slavic languages	75	35	35	6,595	3,135	3,455
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	100	55	40
Bulgarian	0	0	0	120	85	40
Croatian	0	0	0	155	100	50
Czech	0	0	0	25	20	10
Macedonian	10	0	10	85	35	45
Polish	0	0	0	1,925	960	960
Russian	70	40	30	2,905	1,240	1,670
Serbian	0	0	0	390	240	145
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Slovak	0	0	0	55	40	20
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Ukrainian	0	0	0	780	320	460
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Germanic languages	25	0	20	6,905	3,655	3,250
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	10	0	10	30	15	20
Dutch	10	0	0	790	425	365
Frisian	0	0	0	25	20	10
German	10	0	15	5,690	3,005	2,690
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	10	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	30	10	20
Swedish	0	0	0	55	15	35
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Yiddish	0	0	0	20	0	20
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	240	155	80
Greek	10	10	0	405	240	165
Indo-Iranian languages	425	235	190	11,880	6,560	5,315
Indo-Aryan languages	210	95	115	9,205	4,900	4,310
Bengali	0	0	0	335	160	170
Gujarati	50	20	35	730	255	475
Hindi	20	10	10	800	380	415
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	10	0	10	30	10	20
Nepali	0	0	0	80	30	50
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	90	45	45	6,025	3,480	2,550
Sindhi	10	10	10	20	10	15
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	30	15	10
Urdu	25	10	15	1,150	555	600
Iranian languages	210	135	75	2,660	1,655	1,005
Kurdish	0	0	0	105	95	15
Pashto	0	0	0	20	10	15
Persian (Farsi)	210	135	75	2,530	1,555	975
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	10	0	10
Italic (Romance) languages	55	35	15	12,680	7,505	5,170
Catalan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Italian	0	10	0	945	505	445
Portuguese	0	0	0	5,815	3,865	1,950
Romanian	0	0	0	300	140	160
Spanish	40	25	10	5,590	2,985	2,605
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Japanese	15	10	10	1,010	360	655
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Georgian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Korean	255	120	135	4,945	2,505	2,445
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	120	55	65
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	20	0	20
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ganda	0	0	0	25	15	15
Igbo	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	20	10	0
Wolof	0	0	0	10	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	10	0	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	20	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	10	0	810	295	515
American Sign Language	0	0	0	575	170	410
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	225	130	100
Sino-Tibetan languages	16,895	8,925	7,970	57,620	30,735	26,890
Chinese languages	16,900	8,930	7,970	57,535	30,690	26,840
Cantonese	9,545	4,955	4,590	26,955	14,190	12,770
Hakka	15	0	15	30	10	25
Mandarin	7,060	3,825	3,235	29,090	15,730	13,360
Min Dong	0	0	0	30	15	10
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	75	45	25	250	155	90
Wu (Shanghainese)	10	0	10	35	20	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	190	85	105	1,145	565	580
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	90	50	45
Burmese	0	0	0	10	10	10
Karenic languages	0	0	0	30	10	20
Tibetan	0	0	0	45	30	15
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	235	95	145
Lao	0	0	0	80	40	35
Thai	0	0	0	160	55	105
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	0	10	465	315	150
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	15	15	0
Turkish	10	0	10	440	295	140
Uyghur	0	0	0	10	10	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	10	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	420	205	220
Estonian	0	0	0	45	10	35
Finnish	0	0	0	75	25	50
Hungarian	0	0	0	295	165	130
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Multiple responses	7,600	3,530	4,065	144,405	67,215	77,185
English and French	700	280	415	63,665	26,760	36,900
English and non-official language	6,840	3,225	3,615	78,240	39,330	38,910
French and non-official language	10	10	10	175	75	100
English, French and non-official language	50	20	30	2,325	1,055	1,270
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	183,015	94,770	88,250	7,579,080	3,895,880	3,683,200
None	158,210	82,610	75,600	6,975,415	3,605,485	3,369,930
English	6,560	3,260	3,300	109,150	48,930	60,220
French	1,300	550	750	260,050	118,655	141,395
Non-official language	16,470	8,140	8,330	226,490	119,130	107,360
Aboriginal	0	0	0	5,970	2,480	3,490
Non-Aboriginal	16,470	8,140	8,325	220,520	116,650	103,870
English and French	0	0	0	245	100	150
English and non-official language	405	175	230	1,620	780	845
French and non-official language	70	25	45	6,080	2,780	3,300
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	35	25	10
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	324,405	158,190	166,210	13,106,990	6,403,470	6,703,520
Non-movers	290,195	141,600	148,600	11,475,985	5,603,290	5,872,695
Movers	34,205	16,590	17,615	1,631,005	800,180	830,820
Non-migrants	19,415	9,365	10,050	941,380	460,170	481,210
Migrants	14,790	7,225	7,565	689,625	340,015	349,610
Internal migrants	9,140	4,495	4,650	535,180	263,055	272,120
Intraprovincial migrants	8,290	4,100	4,190	467,890	229,080	238,810
Interprovincial migrants	860	400	460	67,290	33,980	33,315
External migrants	5,645	2,730	2,915	154,445	76,955	77,490
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	310,325	150,890	159,435	12,546,040	6,116,715	6,429,325
Non-movers	200,440	97,975	102,465	7,887,825	3,845,945	4,041,880
Movers	109,885	52,915	56,965	4,658,215	2,270,770	2,387,445
Non-migrants	57,580	27,840	29,740	2,545,875	1,238,055	1,307,820
Migrants	52,305	25,075	27,230	2,112,340	1,032,710	1,079,630
Internal migrants	31,370	15,370	16,000	1,562,375	761,630	800,740
Intraprovincial migrants	29,130	14,330	14,800	1,380,900	672,540	708,360
Interprovincial migrants	2,235	1,040	1,195	181,480	89,090	92,390
External migrants	20,940	9,710	11,230	549,965	271,080	278,885