Census Profile, 2016 Census
Armstrong, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and British Columbia [Province]

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic Armstrong, CY
British Columbia
[Census subdivision]
British Columbia

[Province]
Data quality , Armstrong, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia  Map : Armstrong, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia
Change geography 1
Data quality : British Columbia [Province]  Map : geography 2
Change geography 2
Total Male Female Total Male Female
Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1 5,114 ... ... 4,648,055 ... ...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1 4,830 r ... ... 4,400,057 ... ...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016 5.9 ... ... 5.6 ... ...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2 2,143 ... ... 2,063,417 ... ...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3 2,132 ... ... 1,881,969 ... ...
Population density per square kilometre 979.8 ... ... 5.0 ... ...
Land area in square kilometres 5.22 ... ... 922,503.01 ... ...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4 5,115 2,390 2,720 4,648,055 2,278,245 2,369,815
0 to 14 years 795 395 400 691,390 355,400 335,985
0 to 4 years 250 125 125 220,625 113,355 107,275
5 to 9 years 290 140 145 236,900 122,070 114,830
10 to 14 years 260 130 130 233,860 119,975 113,885
15 to 64 years 2,995 1,405 1,595 3,107,680 1,527,280 1,580,400
15 to 19 years 275 145 125 258,980 133,000 125,985
20 to 24 years 205 85 120 287,560 147,615 139,945
25 to 29 years 235 120 120 303,000 151,585 151,415
30 to 34 years 305 150 150 313,750 155,035 158,715
35 to 39 years 265 140 125 293,590 143,070 150,520
40 to 44 years 270 120 150 295,045 141,930 153,115
45 to 49 years 300 135 165 322,365 155,325 167,040
50 to 54 years 365 160 205 354,375 172,065 182,310
55 to 59 years 385 180 210 354,925 171,210 183,715
60 to 64 years 395 165 230 324,095 156,450 167,645
65 years and over 1,320 595 725 848,985 395,560 453,425
65 to 69 years 365 170 195 287,520 139,490 148,035
70 to 74 years 285 140 140 201,785 97,675 104,110
75 to 79 years 245 95 150 145,225 68,715 76,510
80 to 84 years 185 85 95 105,255 48,645 56,610
85 years and over 245 100 150 109,190 41,035 68,155
85 to 89 years 150 55 95 67,510 27,930 39,575
90 to 94 years 80 35 50 31,815 10,615 21,205
95 to 99 years 20 5 10 8,545 2,215 6,330
100 years and over 0 0 5 1,325 275 1,050
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
0 to 14 years 15.5 16.5 14.7 14.9 15.6 14.2
15 to 64 years 58.6 58.8 58.6 66.9 67.0 66.7
65 years and over 25.8 24.9 26.7 18.3 17.4 19.1
85 years and over 4.8 4.2 5.5 2.3 1.8 2.9
Average age of the population 45.9 44.7 46.9 42.3 41.5 43.1
Median age of the population 48.7 46.2 50.2 43.0 41.9 44.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5 2,130 ... ... 1,881,970 ... ...
Single-detached house 1,500 ... ... 830,660 ... ...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys 0 ... ... 177,830 ... ...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6 635 ... ... 824,190 ... ...
Semi-detached house 125 ... ... 57,395 ... ...
Row house 175 ... ... 147,830 ... ...
Apartment or flat in a duplex 65 ... ... 230,075 ... ...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys 265 ... ... 385,140 ... ...
Other single-attached house 10 ... ... 3,755 ... ...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7 0 ... ... 49,290 ... ...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8 2,135 ... ... 1,881,970 ... ...
1 person 595 ... ... 541,910 ... ...
2 persons 835 ... ... 663,770 ... ...
3 persons 320 ... ... 277,690 ... ...
4 persons 265 ... ... 243,125 ... ...
5 or more persons 115 ... ... 155,470 ... ...
Number of persons in private households 4,930 ... ... 4,560,240 ... ...
Average household size 2.3 ... ... 2.4 ... ...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9 4,320 1,995 2,320 3,956,665 1,922,840 2,033,825
Married or living common law 2,590 1,295 1,295 2,297,325 1,146,175 1,151,150
Married 2,155 1,080 1,075 1,925,345 959,690 965,645
Living common law 435 215 220 371,985 186,485 185,505
Not married and not living common law 1,725 705 1,020 1,659,335 776,660 882,675
Never married 830 435 400 1,076,085 582,975 493,110
Separated 190 75 115 105,700 45,225 60,475
Divorced 360 120 240 263,870 103,475 160,395
Widowed 350 80 270 213,685 44,990 168,700
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10 1,505 ... ... 1,311,340 ... ...
2 persons 875 ... ... 703,685 ... ...
3 persons 310 ... ... 275,965 ... ...
4 persons 225 ... ... 243,960 ... ...
5 or more persons 85 ... ... 87,730 ... ...
Average size of census families 2.7 ... ... 2.8 ... ...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11 1,505 ... ... 1,311,345 ... ...
Total couple families 1,265 ... ... 1,113,405 ... ...
Married couples 1,055 ... ... 927,440 ... ...
Common-law couples 215 ... ... 185,960 ... ...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent 235 ... ... 197,940 ... ...
Female parent 180 ... ... 155,670 ... ...
Male parent 50 ... ... 42,265 ... ...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data 1,270 ... ... 1,113,400 ... ...
Couples without children 740 ... ... 577,790 ... ...
Couples with children 530 ... ... 535,610 ... ...
1 child 235 ... ... 221,065 ... ...
2 children 215 ... ... 230,705 ... ...
3 or more children 85 ... ... 83,840 ... ...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data 235 ... ... 197,940 ... ...
1 child 140 ... ... 125,890 ... ...
2 children 75 ... ... 54,900 ... ...
3 or more children 20 ... ... 17,145 ... ...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data 860 350 510 882,895 418,495 464,405
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12 2,130 ... ... 1,881,970 ... ...
One-census-family households 1,435 ... ... 1,195,735 ... ...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13 705 ... ... 527,700 ... ...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14 725 ... ... 668,035 ... ...
Multiple-census-family households 35 ... ... 55,620 ... ...
Non-census-family households 665 ... ... 630,620 ... ...
One-person households 590 ... ... 541,915 ... ...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households 75 ... ... 88,705 ... ...
Knowledge of official languagesThe letter C inside a yellow triangle - correctionUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15 5,005 2,350 2,650 4,598,415 2,255,395 2,343,015
English only 4,835 2,275 2,555 4,127,770 2,050,130 2,077,645
French only 0 0 0 1,810 820 985
English and French 165 70 95 314,925 140,650 174,275
Neither English nor French 10 5 0 153,910 63,795 90,115
First official language spokenThe letter C inside a yellow triangle - correctionUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16 5,005 2,355 2,650 4,598,415 2,255,395 2,343,020
English 4,935 2,320 2,610 4,373,330 2,156,680 2,216,655
French 60 30 35 55,325 27,680 27,640
English and French 0 0 0 18,000 8,315 9,685
Neither English nor French 10 5 5 151,760 62,720 89,040
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17 60 30 30 64,325 31,840 32,480
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17 1.2 1.3 1.1 1.4 1.4 1.4
Mother tongueThe letter C inside a yellow triangle - correctionUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18 5,005 2,350 2,650 4,598,415 2,255,400 2,343,015
Single responses 4,980 2,340 2,640 4,494,995 2,205,775 2,289,220
Official languages 4,710 2,215 2,490 3,227,535 1,614,375 1,613,160
English 4,645 2,190 2,450 3,170,110 1,585,760 1,584,355
French 70 30 40 57,425 28,615 28,810
Non-official languages 270 125 145 1,267,460 591,400 676,060
Aboriginal languages 0 0 0 8,435 3,940 4,490
Algonquian languages 0 0 0 1,050 445 605
Blackfoot 0 0 0 40 5 35
Cree-Montagnais languages 0 0 0 840 375 465
Atikamekw 0 0 0 0 0 0
Montagnais (Innu) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Moose Cree 0 0 0 5 5 0
Naskapi 0 0 0 0 0 0
Northern East Cree 0 0 0 10 0 10
Plains Cree 0 0 0 150 60 85
Southern East Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0
Swampy Cree 0 0 0 25 15 10
Woods Cree 0 0 0 60 25 35
Cree, n.o.s. 0 0 0 585 270 320
Eastern Algonquian languages 0 0 0 10 5 10
Malecite 0 0 0 5 0 0
Mi'kmaq 0 0 0 10 5 5
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages 0 0 0 155 55 105
Algonquin 0 0 0 5 5 0
Ojibway 0 0 0 135 50 90
Oji-Cree 0 0 0 10 0 10
Ottawa (Odawa) 0 0 0 5 0 5
Algonquian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Athabaskan languages 0 0 0 2,310 1,045 1,260
Northern Athabaskan languages 0 0 0 2,295 1,045 1,250
Babine (Wetsuwet'en) 0 0 0 110 55 55
Beaver 0 0 0 160 75 85
Carrier 0 0 0 1,005 460 550
Chilcotin 0 0 0 650 295 355
Dene 0 0 0 90 35 50
Dogrib (Tlicho) 0 0 0 5 0 0
Gwich'in 0 0 0 15 5 10
Sarsi (Sarcee) 0 0 0 0 0 5
Sekani 0 0 0 85 40 45
Slavey-Hare languages 0 0 0 75 30 45
North Slavey (Hare) 0 0 0 5 0 0
South Slavey 0 0 0 20 5 15
Slavey, n.o.s. 0 0 0 50 25 30
Tahltan languages 0 0 0 105 45 50
Kaska (Nahani) 0 0 0 15 10 5
Tahltan 0 0 0 90 40 50
Tutchone languages 0 0 0 5 0 5
Northern Tutchone 0 0 0 5 0 0
Southern Tutchone 0 0 0 5 0 0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 15 5 10
Haida 0 0 0 70 30 40
Inuit languages 0 0 0 80 30 55
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun) 0 0 0 10 0 10
Inuktitut 0 0 0 50 20 30
Inuit languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 20 10 10
Iroquoian languages 0 0 0 15 10 5
Cayuga 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mohawk 0 0 0 10 5 5
Oneida 0 0 0 0 0 0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Kutenai 0 0 0 100 55 50
Michif 0 0 0 35 20 10
Salish languages 0 0 0 2,270 1,115 1,155
Comox 0 0 0 80 45 40
Halkomelem 0 0 0 475 230 245
Lillooet 0 0 0 315 155 160
Okanagan 0 0 0 270 135 135
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin) 0 0 0 435 220 215
Squamish 0 0 0 35 20 20
Straits 0 0 0 80 40 40
Thompson (Ntlakapamux) 0 0 0 330 150 185
Salish languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 250 130 120
Siouan languages 0 0 0 45 25 20
Dakota 0 0 0 30 15 20
Stoney 0 0 0 0 0 5
Siouan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 5 5 0
Tlingit 0 0 0 30 15 15
Tsimshian languages 0 0 0 1,460 715 740
Gitxsan (Gitksan) 0 0 0 875 435 445
Nisga'a 0 0 0 385 195 190
Tsimshian 0 0 0 195 90 110
Wakashan languages 0 0 0 795 365 435
Haisla 0 0 0 90 40 55
Heiltsuk 0 0 0 100 45 55
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala) 0 0 0 320 140 180
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka) 0 0 0 275 135 140
Wakashan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 5 10 0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s. 0 0 0 190 80 110
Non-Aboriginal languages 265 120 140 1,259,025 587,455 671,570
Afro-Asiatic languages 5 0 0 24,870 13,405 11,465
Berber languages 0 0 0 115 75 45
Kabyle 0 0 0 40 30 15
Berber languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 80 45 30
Cushitic languages 0 0 0 1,505 765 740
Bilen 0 0 0 5 0 0
Oromo 0 0 0 205 115 95
Somali 0 0 0 1,270 640 640
Cushitic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 20 10 15
Semitic languages 5 0 5 23,195 12,540 10,655
Amharic 0 0 0 1,370 670 700
Arabic 5 5 5 17,480 9,595 7,890
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic 0 0 0 650 315 330
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic 0 0 0 440 245 200
Harari 0 0 0 20 5 15
Hebrew 0 0 0 2,065 1,125 940
Maltese 0 0 0 215 100 115
Tigrigna 0 0 0 805 395 405
Semitic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 150 80 65
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 55 30 25
Austro-Asiatic languages 0 5 0 28,740 13,170 15,575
Khmer (Cambodian) 0 0 0 1,560 710 850
Vietnamese 0 0 0 27,150 12,440 14,710
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e 0 0 0 30 15 15
Austronesian languages 10 0 10 96,535 38,765 57,770
Bikol 0 0 0 375 165 215
Cebuano 0 0 5 4,065 1,565 2,505
Fijian 0 0 0 470 240 230
Hiligaynon 0 0 0 1,470 550 920
Ilocano 5 0 5 5,240 2,055 3,190
Malagasy 0 0 0 20 10 15
Malay 0 0 0 3,895 1,675 2,220
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango) 0 0 0 700 320 380
Pangasinan 0 0 0 295 130 170
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino) 5 0 5 78,770 31,550 47,220
Waray-Waray 0 0 0 215 85 135
Austronesian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 1,015 435 580
Creole languages 0 0 0 840 440 400
Haitian Creole 0 0 0 35 20 15
Creole, n.o.s. 0 0 0 500 255 245
Creole languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 305 155 145
Dravidian languages 0 0 0 7,500 3,995 3,510
Kannada 0 0 0 280 150 135
Malayalam 0 0 0 2,385 1,260 1,130
Tamil 0 0 0 3,615 1,875 1,740
Telugu 0 0 0 1,175 695 480
Dravidian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 45 20 25
Hmong-Mien languages 0 0 0 140 75 70
Indo-European languages 210 100 115 588,175 286,135 302,035
Albanian 0 0 0 1,465 765 705
Armenian 0 0 0 1,195 600 600
Balto-Slavic languages 35 15 20 83,110 38,595 44,515
Baltic languages 0 0 0 1,070 485 585
Latvian 0 0 0 565 255 300
Lithuanian 0 0 0 505 225 280
Slavic languages 35 15 15 82,040 38,110 43,930
Belarusan 0 0 0 95 45 50
Bosnian 0 0 0 1,360 675 685
Bulgarian 0 0 0 2,025 955 1,070
Croatian 0 5 0 7,475 3,655 3,820
Czech 5 5 0 5,920 2,850 3,070
Macedonian 0 0 0 325 160 165
Polish 0 0 0 16,910 7,875 9,035
Russian 5 5 5 25,955 11,640 14,310
Serbian 5 5 5 7,045 3,600 3,450
Serbo-Croatian 0 0 0 1,395 670 725
Slovak 0 0 0 3,400 1,525 1,870
Slovene (Slovenian) 0 0 0 1,160 545 615
Ukrainian 10 5 5 8,630 3,730 4,900
Slavic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 345 175 170
Celtic languages 0 0 0 615 325 290
Scottish Gaelic 5 0 0 240 130 110
Welsh 5 0 0 280 145 135
Celtic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 95 50 45
Germanic languages 155 75 80 101,725 48,350 53,380
Afrikaans 5 5 5 3,260 1,655 1,610
Danish 10 0 0 4,665 2,280 2,385
Dutch 50 20 25 21,020 10,130 10,895
Frisian 5 0 0 295 145 145
German 85 45 45 66,885 31,525 35,360
Icelandic 0 0 0 275 135 145
Norwegian 5 0 5 2,005 970 1,035
Swedish 5 5 0 2,520 1,100 1,420
Vlaams (Flemish) 0 0 0 445 220 225
Yiddish 0 0 0 290 150 140
Germanic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 65 45 25
Greek 0 0 0 6,115 3,245 2,870
Indo-Iranian languages 10 5 5 297,800 147,830 149,970
Indo-Aryan languages 10 0 5 251,000 124,260 126,740
Bengali 0 0 0 3,180 1,665 1,510
Gujarati 0 0 0 6,895 3,290 3,605
Hindi 0 0 0 26,720 12,910 13,810
Kashmiri 0 0 0 65 35 25
Konkani 0 0 0 255 130 125
Marathi 0 0 0 620 325 295
Nepali 0 0 0 1,155 620 540
Oriya (Odia) 0 0 0 70 35 35
Punjabi (Panjabi) 10 5 5 198,805 98,525 100,285
Sindhi 0 0 0 1,675 780 895
Sinhala (Sinhalese) 0 0 0 1,675 845 830
Urdu 0 0 0 9,885 5,090 4,795
Iranian languages 5 0 5 46,390 23,355 23,035
Kurdish 0 0 0 1,765 945 825
Pashto 0 0 0 1,155 615 535
Persian (Farsi) 0 0 0 43,470 21,795 21,675
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 410 220 195
Italic (Romance) languages 10 5 5 96,135 46,430 49,710
Catalan 0 0 0 160 85 75
Italian 5 0 5 22,680 11,445 11,230
Portuguese 5 0 0 17,450 8,240 9,210
Romanian 5 5 0 8,730 4,250 4,480
Spanish 0 0 0 47,010 22,335 24,675
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 105 65 40
Japanese 10 5 5 21,350 7,195 14,150
Kartvelian languages 0 0 0 85 50 35
Georgian 0 0 0 85 50 40
Korean 5 0 0 52,160 23,495 28,670
Mongolic languages 0 0 0 360 150 205
Mongolian 0 0 0 360 155 210
Niger-Congo languages 0 0 0 3,725 1,875 1,850
Akan (Twi) 0 0 0 495 275 220
Bamanankan 0 0 0 10 5 5
Edo 0 0 0 85 50 35
Ewe 0 0 0 85 45 35
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde) 0 0 0 45 25 20
Ga 0 0 0 45 20 25
Ganda 0 0 0 90 45 45
Igbo 0 0 0 245 145 105
Lingala 0 0 0 80 30 45
Rundi (Kirundi) 0 0 0 115 50 60
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda) 0 0 0 155 70 80
Shona 0 0 0 215 100 115
Swahili 0 0 0 805 400 405
Wolof 0 0 0 50 25 25
Yoruba 0 0 0 330 185 150
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 885 410 480
Nilo-Saharan languages 0 0 0 340 175 165
Dinka 0 0 0 105 60 45
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e. 5 5 0 240 115 125
Sign languages 0 0 0 1,155 610 545
American Sign Language 0 0 0 470 230 240
Quebec Sign Language 0 0 0 5 0 5
Sign languages, n.i.e 0 0 0 690 380 305
Sino-Tibetan languages 15 5 10 410,920 187,725 223,190
Chinese languages 15 5 5 408,415 186,455 221,960
Cantonese 0 0 0 193,530 89,325 104,210
Hakka 0 0 0 2,325 1,010 1,315
Mandarin 5 0 5 186,325 84,370 101,955
Min Dong 0 0 0 230 105 120
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese) 0 0 0 11,210 4,995 6,215
Wu (Shanghainese) 0 0 0 4,540 1,995 2,545
Chinese, n.o.s. 5 0 5 10,050 4,570 5,480
Chinese languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 205 85 120
Tibeto-Burman languages 0 0 0 2,500 1,265 1,230
Burmese 0 0 0 1,125 580 545
Karenic languages 0 0 0 815 395 425
Tibetan 0 0 0 330 175 160
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 230 120 110
Tai-Kadai languages 0 0 5 3,985 1,335 2,650
Lao 0 0 0 1,100 550 550
Thai 0 0 0 2,865 775 2,090
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e 0 0 0 20 10 15
Turkic languages 0 0 0 4,140 2,295 1,845
Azerbaijani 0 0 0 530 290 235
Turkish 0 0 0 3,145 1,790 1,360
Uyghur 0 0 0 170 85 85
Uzbek 0 0 0 105 50 55
Turkic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 190 80 110
Uralic languages 10 5 5 13,490 6,285 7,205
Estonian 0 0 5 705 295 410
Finnish 5 0 0 3,760 1,555 2,200
Hungarian 5 5 0 9,025 4,435 4,590
Uralic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Other languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 500 280 225
Multiple responses 25 15 15 103,415 49,625 53,795
English and French 10 0 5 10,065 4,815 5,250
English and non-official language 10 10 5 89,135 42,820 46,315
French and non-official language 0 0 0 2,100 1,040 1,065
English, French and non-official language 0 0 0 2,115 950 1,165
Language spoken most often at homeThe letter C inside a yellow triangle - correctionUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19 5,005 2,350 2,650 4,598,415 2,255,395 2,343,015
Single responses 4,970 2,340 2,635 4,365,875 2,145,020 2,220,855
Official languages 4,920 2,315 2,610 3,648,500 1,807,825 1,840,675
English 4,920 2,315 2,605 3,631,700 1,799,625 1,832,075
French 5 0 0 16,795 8,195 8,605
Non-official languages 50 25 30 717,375 337,200 380,180
Aboriginal languages 0 0 0 1,565 765 795
Algonquian languages 0 0 0 105 50 55
Blackfoot 0 0 0 0 5 0
Cree-Montagnais languages 0 0 0 85 40 45
Atikamekw 0 0 0 0 0 0
Montagnais (Innu) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Moose Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0
Naskapi 0 0 0 0 0 0
Northern East Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0
Plains Cree 0 0 0 15 10 10
Southern East Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0
Swampy Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0
Woods Cree 0 0 0 0 0 5
Cree, n.o.s. 0 0 0 60 30 30
Eastern Algonquian languages 0 0 0 5 0 0
Malecite 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mi'kmaq 0 0 0 5 0 0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages 0 0 0 10 5 5
Algonquin 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ojibway 0 0 0 15 5 5
Oji-Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ottawa (Odawa) 0 0 0 5 0 0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Athabaskan languages 0 0 0 610 290 320
Northern Athabaskan languages 0 0 0 605 290 315
Babine (Wetsuwet'en) 0 0 0 20 10 10
Beaver 0 0 0 40 20 20
Carrier 0 0 0 245 110 130
Chilcotin 0 0 0 260 125 130
Dene 0 0 0 15 5 10
Dogrib (Tlicho) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Gwich'in 0 0 0 0 0 0
Sarsi (Sarcee) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Sekani 0 0 0 15 10 5
Slavey-Hare languages 0 0 0 10 5 5
North Slavey (Hare) 0 0 0 0 0 0
South Slavey 0 0 0 0 0 0
Slavey, n.o.s. 0 0 0 10 5 5
Tahltan languages 0 0 0 5 0 5
Kaska (Nahani) 0 0 0 5 0 0
Tahltan 0 0 0 5 0 0
Tutchone languages 0 0 0 0 5 0
Northern Tutchone 0 0 0 0 0 0
Southern Tutchone 0 0 0 0 0 0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Haida 0 0 0 10 5 5
Inuit languages 0 0 0 10 5 5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Inuktitut 0 0 0 10 0 5
Inuit languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 5
Iroquoian languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Cayuga 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mohawk 0 0 0 0 0 0
Oneida 0 0 0 0 0 0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Kutenai 0 0 0 15 10 5
Michif 0 0 0 0 5 0
Salish languages 0 0 0 275 130 150
Comox 0 0 0 0 0 0
Halkomelem 0 0 0 50 20 30
Lillooet 0 0 0 25 15 15
Okanagan 0 0 0 85 35 45
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin) 0 0 0 50 30 20
Squamish 0 0 0 5 5 0
Straits 0 0 0 25 10 15
Thompson (Ntlakapamux) 0 0 0 20 10 10
Salish languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 20 10 10
Siouan languages 0 0 0 15 10 5
Dakota 0 0 0 10 10 5
Stoney 0 0 0 5 5 0
Siouan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tlingit 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tsimshian languages 0 0 0 405 215 195
Gitxsan (Gitksan) 0 0 0 310 155 155
Nisga'a 0 0 0 70 45 25
Tsimshian 0 0 0 25 15 10
Wakashan languages 0 0 0 75 40 35
Haisla 0 0 0 20 10 15
Heiltsuk 0 0 0 5 5 0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala) 0 0 0 25 10 10
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka) 0 0 0 30 15 10
Wakashan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s. 0 0 0 45 15 25
Non-Aboriginal languages 50 25 25 715,815 336,435 379,380
Afro-Asiatic languages 5 0 0 13,990 7,065 6,920
Berber languages 0 0 0 45 25 20
Kabyle 0 0 0 20 10 15
Berber languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 25 15 10
Cushitic languages 0 0 0 770 355 415
Bilen 0 0 0 0 0 0
Oromo 0 0 0 90 50 45
Somali 0 0 0 665 300 360
Cushitic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 15 5 10
Semitic languages 5 0 5 13,155 6,680 6,475
Amharic 0 0 0 600 275 320
Arabic 5 0 0 10,415 5,335 5,080
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic 0 0 0 405 195 210
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic 0 0 0 310 165 145
Harari 0 0 0 10 5 5
Hebrew 0 0 0 900 465 440
Maltese 0 0 0 15 5 10
Tigrigna 0 0 0 410 190 225
Semitic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 95 45 50
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 20 10 10
Austro-Asiatic languages 0 0 0 17,870 8,305 9,560
Khmer (Cambodian) 0 0 0 800 375 420
Vietnamese 0 0 0 17,055 7,920 9,130
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e 0 0 0 15 10 5
Austronesian languages 5 0 0 40,605 17,945 22,660
Bikol 0 0 0 75 30 35
Cebuano 0 0 0 1,305 585 715
Fijian 0 0 0 110 65 55
Hiligaynon 0 0 0 415 175 240
Ilocano 0 0 0 1,615 695 930
Malagasy 0 0 0 10 5 10
Malay 0 0 0 1,120 510 605
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango) 0 0 0 150 70 80
Pangasinan 0 0 0 55 25 30
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino) 5 0 0 35,375 15,600 19,770
Waray-Waray 0 0 0 55 25 35
Austronesian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 310 150 160
Creole languages 0 0 0 335 150 180
Haitian Creole 0 0 0 0 0 5
Creole, n.o.s. 0 0 0 235 105 130
Creole languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 95 50 45
Dravidian languages 0 0 0 3,940 1,995 1,940
Kannada 0 0 0 110 55 60
Malayalam 0 0 0 1,225 615 605
Tamil 0 0 0 2,055 1,025 1,030
Telugu 0 0 0 535 295 240
Dravidian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 15 5 10
Hmong-Mien languages 0 0 0 55 25 30
Indo-European languages 20 15 10 282,090 137,135 144,955
Albanian 0 0 0 695 335 360
Armenian 0 0 0 545 240 305
Balto-Slavic languages 0 0 5 31,640 15,150 16,490
Baltic languages 0 0 0 210 90 115
Latvian 0 0 0 80 30 50
Lithuanian 0 0 0 125 60 65
Slavic languages 5 5 5 31,430 15,060 16,370
Belarusan 0 0 0 15 5 5
Bosnian 0 0 0 595 300 300
Bulgarian 0 0 0 1,035 485 550
Croatian 0 0 0 2,235 1,055 1,180
Czech 0 0 0 1,595 800 795
Macedonian 0 0 0 150 75 75
Polish 0 0 0 5,690 2,720 2,970
Russian 0 0 0 13,310 6,290 7,020
Serbian 5 5 0 3,695 1,870 1,825
Serbo-Croatian 0 0 0 500 235 265
Slovak 0 0 0 1,000 480 520
Slovene (Slovenian) 0 0 0 145 65 85
Ukrainian 0 0 0 1,430 665 765
Slavic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 40 20 20
Celtic languages 0 0 0 70 40 30
Scottish Gaelic 0 0 0 35 20 10
Welsh 0 0 0 25 10 10
Celtic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 5 5 5
Germanic languages 10 5 5 14,430 6,870 7,555
Afrikaans 5 0 5 1,475 715 760
Danish 0 0 0 305 145 160
Dutch 0 0 0 1,895 890 1,005
Frisian 0 0 0 10 5 5
German 5 5 5 10,085 4,795 5,295
Icelandic 0 0 0 75 35 35
Norwegian 0 0 0 140 60 80
Swedish 0 0 0 360 170 195
Vlaams (Flemish) 0 0 0 50 30 20
Yiddish 0 0 0 10 10 5
Germanic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 15 5 5
Greek 0 0 0 2,010 975 1,035
Indo-Iranian languages 5 5 0 194,590 95,380 99,215
Indo-Aryan languages 5 5 0 164,185 80,610 83,575
Bengali 0 0 0 1,815 895 920
Gujarati 0 0 0 2,970 1,320 1,645
Hindi 0 0 0 12,310 5,890 6,425
Kashmiri 0 0 0 10 5 5
Konkani 0 0 0 40 25 25
Marathi 0 0 0 270 140 130
Nepali 0 0 0 665 345 320
Oriya (Odia) 0 0 0 35 20 15
Punjabi (Panjabi) 10 5 5 139,080 68,565 70,515
Sindhi 0 0 0 615 270 345
Sinhala (Sinhalese) 0 0 0 675 330 340
Urdu 0 0 0 5,705 2,825 2,880
Iranian languages 0 0 0 30,205 14,665 15,540
Kurdish 0 0 0 1,080 540 535
Pashto 0 0 0 700 350 350
Persian (Farsi) 0 0 5 28,420 13,765 14,660
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 200 100 100
Italic (Romance) languages 0 0 5 38,110 18,145 19,970
Catalan 0 0 0 65 35 35
Italian 0 0 5 5,200 2,245 2,955
Portuguese 0 0 0 6,725 3,140 3,580
Romanian 0 0 0 3,800 1,830 1,970
Spanish 0 0 0 22,310 10,900 11,410
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 20 5 10
Japanese 10 5 0 9,860 4,070 5,790
Kartvelian languages 0 0 0 30 15 10
Georgian 0 0 0 30 15 15
Korean 5 0 0 38,605 17,785 20,820
Mongolic languages 0 0 0 170 80 90
Mongolian 0 0 0 165 80 85
Niger-Congo languages 0 0 0 960 430 530
Akan (Twi) 0 0 0 150 80 65
Bamanankan 0 0 0 5 5 5
Edo 0 0 0 15 10 10
Ewe 0 0 0 20 5 10
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde) 0 0 0 20 5 10
Ga 0 0 0 5 5 0
Ganda 0 0 0 10 5 5
Igbo 0 0 0 40 20 15
Lingala 0 0 0 35 15 20
Rundi (Kirundi) 0 0 0 55 20 40
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda) 0 0 0 60 25 35
Shona 0 0 0 65 25 40
Swahili 0 0 0 200 90 115
Wolof 0 0 0 20 10 10
Yoruba 0 0 0 60 30 35
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 200 85 120
Nilo-Saharan languages 0 0 0 140 60 75
Dinka 0 0 0 55 30 20
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 85 30 55
Sign languages 0 5 0 1,535 850 685
American Sign Language 0 0 0 455 230 225
Quebec Sign Language 0 0 0 0 0 0
Sign languages, n.i.e 5 0 0 1,080 615 460
Sino-Tibetan languages 10 5 5 299,420 137,555 161,865
Chinese languages 10 5 5 297,675 136,670 161,000
Cantonese 0 0 0 137,075 62,545 74,525
Hakka 0 0 0 700 295 410
Mandarin 0 5 5 146,435 67,695 78,740
Min Dong 0 0 0 65 25 35
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese) 0 0 0 4,820 2,185 2,630
Wu (Shanghainese) 0 0 0 2,595 1,195 1,400
Chinese, n.o.s. 5 5 5 5,885 2,680 3,205
Chinese languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 105 45 55
Tibeto-Burman languages 0 0 0 1,745 885 865
Burmese 0 0 0 720 375 350
Karenic languages 0 0 0 725 355 370
Tibetan 0 0 0 205 110 90
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 90 45 45
Tai-Kadai languages 0 0 0 1,380 595 785
Lao 0 0 0 460 225 235
Thai 0 0 0 920 370 545
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e 0 0 0 10 5 5
Turkic languages 0 0 0 1,695 880 815
Azerbaijani 0 0 0 195 105 95
Turkish 0 0 0 1,310 685 630
Uyghur 0 0 0 95 50 50
Uzbek 0 0 0 45 25 20
Turkic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 40 20 25
Uralic languages 0 0 0 3,005 1,415 1,590
Estonian 0 0 0 95 40 55
Finnish 0 0 0 725 325 400
Hungarian 0 0 0 2,185 1,050 1,130
Uralic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Other languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 145 70 75
Multiple responses 30 15 15 232,540 110,375 122,165
English and French 0 0 0 6,155 2,970 3,185
English and non-official language 25 15 15 222,670 105,750 116,920
French and non-official language 0 0 0 650 290 360
English, French and non-official language 0 0 0 3,065 1,365 1,700
Other language spoken regularly at homeThe letter C inside a yellow triangle - correctionUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20 5,000 2,355 2,650 4,598,415 2,255,400 2,343,015
None 4,875 2,295 2,580 3,931,210 1,940,390 1,990,820
English 25 15 15 274,535 132,990 141,545
French 15 10 10 41,020 18,435 22,590
Non-official language 80 35 45 340,930 158,590 182,345
Aboriginal 0 0 0 7,985 3,765 4,215
Non-Aboriginal 80 40 40 332,945 154,820 178,125
English and French 0 0 0 1,195 545 650
English and non-official language 0 0 0 5,660 2,655 3,005
French and non-official language 5 0 0 3,765 1,745 2,020
English, French and non-official language 0 0 0 100 45 50
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21 4,130 1,930 2,200 3,870,330 1,882,865 1,987,460
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data 4,000 1,865 2,135 3,727,360 1,815,500 1,911,860
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($) 31,987 41,600 24,736 33,012 40,370 27,543
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data 4,005 1,870 2,135 3,731,980 1,819,375 1,912,600
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($) 28,713 36,535 23,755 29,783 35,383 25,659
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data 3,650 1,750 1,895 3,363,310 1,665,225 1,698,085
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($) 26,560 36,523 19,928 31,585 39,557 25,304
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data 2,940 1,210 1,730 2,628,215 1,140,195 1,488,025
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($) 8,567 10,528 7,661 4,592 3,717 4,920
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data 2,850 1,425 1,425 2,775,010 1,415,295 1,359,715
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($) 28,608 41,728 21,717 31,713 39,186 26,034
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22 4,080 1,925 2,150 3,870,375 1,882,770 1,987,605
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data 3,965 1,870 2,095 3,727,715 1,815,380 1,912,335
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($) 38,857 47,190 31,435 45,616 54,797 36,901
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data 3,975 1,875 2,100 3,732,420 1,819,290 1,913,130
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($) 33,568 39,846 27,976 37,922 44,282 31,874
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data 3,635 1,750 1,885 3,362,835 1,664,850 1,697,985
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($) 35,091 43,259 27,498 44,933 54,787 35,271
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data 2,945 1,255 1,690 2,628,230 1,139,390 1,488,840
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($) 9,029 9,907 8,377 7,207 7,255 7,171
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data 2,830 1,425 1,400 2,775,010 1,415,100 1,359,910
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($) 35,838 43,341 28,214 43,339 52,171 34,149
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23 4,075 1,930 2,150 3,870,375 1,882,770 1,987,605
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24 1,200 660 540 1,147,070 652,115 494,950
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25 50,529 57,769 41,225 53,940 61,004 47,039
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26 53,780 59,948 46,281 64,625 72,840 53,801
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28 82.6 86.9 76.7 88.9 91.7 84.9
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29 66.0 71.5 58.3 70.8 74.4 65.8
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30 17.4 13.2 23.2 11.1 8.3 15.1
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31 4,130 1,930 2,205 3,870,330 1,882,865 1,987,460
Without total income 135 60 70 142,970 67,370 75,600
With total income 4,000 1,865 2,130 3,727,360 1,815,505 1,911,860
Percentage with total income 96.9 96.6 96.6 96.3 96.4 96.2
Under $10,000 (including loss) 475 135 345 573,315 240,120 333,195
$10,000 to $19,999 765 270 490 653,915 262,225 391,685
$20,000 to $29,999 670 245 420 503,290 209,095 294,195
$30,000 to $39,999 550 245 305 424,330 188,860 235,470
$40,000 to $49,999 425 205 220 366,220 173,020 193,200
$50,000 to $59,999 330 180 145 286,310 148,095 138,215
$60,000 to $69,999 240 175 65 222,975 129,400 93,580
$70,000 to $79,999 175 115 60 171,625 103,795 67,830
$80,000 to $89,999 120 80 40 134,090 83,100 50,990
$90,000 to $99,999 75 60 15 96,825 62,825 34,005
$100,000 and over 175 145 30 294,475 214,980 79,500
$100,000 to $149,999 130 110 20 198,355 142,260 56,095
$150,000 and over 45 30 10 96,115 72,715 23,405
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32 4,130 1,930 2,205 3,870,330 1,882,870 1,987,460
Without after-tax income 130 55 70 138,350 63,495 74,855
With after-tax income 4,005 1,870 2,135 3,731,980 1,819,375 1,912,605
Percentage with after-tax income 97.0 96.9 96.8 96.4 96.6 96.2
Under $10,000 (including loss) 500 145 350 597,310 253,480 343,835
$10,000 to $19,999 805 290 515 686,510 280,490 406,015
$20,000 to $29,999 775 300 480 593,490 252,075 341,415
$30,000 to $39,999 635 295 345 495,200 226,080 269,120
$40,000 to $49,999 470 250 215 402,535 200,565 201,965
$50,000 to $59,999 305 210 95 293,450 167,870 125,585
$60,000 to $69,999 205 140 65 210,085 128,000 82,080
$70,000 to $79,999 125 85 40 151,775 95,230 56,545
$80,000 and over 190 150 35 301,635 215,590 86,045
$80,000 to $89,999 80 70 10 94,700 64,330 30,370
$90,000 to $99,999 40 30 10 59,050 42,050 17,000
$100,000 and over 70 50 15 147,885 109,215 38,670
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33 4,130 1,925 2,205 3,870,330 1,882,865 1,987,460
Without employment income 1,285 505 780 1,095,320 467,570 627,745
With employment income 2,845 1,425 1,425 2,775,010 1,415,295 1,359,715
Percentage with employment income 68.9 74.0 64.6 71.7 75.2 68.4
Under $5,000 (including loss) 540 235 310 441,080 204,275 236,810
$5,000 to $9,999 220 90 125 212,715 90,015 122,705
$10,000 to $19,999 365 140 225 371,875 160,350 211,525
$20,000 to $29,999 350 130 220 309,470 135,945 173,525
$30,000 to $39,999 285 105 180 282,045 126,870 155,180
$40,000 to $49,999 250 115 135 253,810 118,870 134,935
$50,000 to $59,999 225 125 95 203,885 107,605 96,280
$60,000 to $69,999 180 140 45 163,740 98,205 65,535
$70,000 to $79,999 140 105 35 132,340 82,120 50,220
$80,000 and over 290 240 50 404,040 291,050 112,990
$80,000 to $89,999 105 75 30 106,680 67,815 38,860
$90,000 to $99,999 55 50 5 76,470 51,990 24,480
$100,000 and over 130 115 20 220,890 171,245 49,645
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34 2,135 ... ... 1,881,970 ... ...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($) 63,561 ... ... 69,995 ... ...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($) 56,422 ... ... 61,280 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data 590 ... ... 541,915 ... ...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($) 30,272 ... ... 35,701 ... ...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($) 27,904 ... ... 31,899 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data 1,540 ... ... 1,340,055 ... ...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($) 79,104 ... ... 88,466 ... ...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($) 68,736 ... ... 77,108 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35 2,135 ... ... 1,881,970 ... ...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($) 72,282 ... ... 90,354 ... ...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($) 62,548 ... ... 75,209 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data 585 ... ... 541,925 ... ...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($) 36,081 ... ... 46,696 ... ...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($) 31,686 ... ... 39,091 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data 1,550 ... ... 1,340,045 ... ...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($) 85,864 ... ... 108,010 ... ...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($) 74,128 ... ... 89,816 ... ...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36 2,130 ... ... 1,881,965 ... ...
Under $5,000 15 ... ... 43,415 ... ...
$5,000 to $9,999 25 ... ... 27,140 ... ...
$10,000 to $14,999 45 ... ... 55,745 ... ...
$15,000 to $19,999 95 ... ... 77,565 ... ...
$20,000 to $24,999 110 ... ... 78,695 ... ...
$25,000 to $29,999 100 ... ... 72,985 ... ...
$30,000 to $34,999 115 ... ... 78,080 ... ...
$35,000 to $39,999 120 ... ... 78,395 ... ...
$40,000 to $44,999 120 ... ... 76,775 ... ...
$45,000 to $49,999 85 ... ... 75,860 ... ...
$50,000 to $59,999 185 ... ... 143,475 ... ...
$60,000 to $69,999 175 ... ... 132,845 ... ...
$70,000 to $79,999 155 ... ... 122,350 ... ...
$80,000 to $89,999 150 ... ... 111,350 ... ...
$90,000 to $99,999 130 ... ... 99,420 ... ...
$100,000 and over 505 ... ... 607,855 ... ...
$100,000 to $124,999 225 ... ... 198,140 ... ...
$125,000 to $149,999 120 ... ... 138,420 ... ...
$150,000 to $199,999 115 ... ... 149,210 ... ...
$200,000 and over 50 ... ... 122,080 ... ...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32 2,135 ... ... 1,881,965 ... ...
Under $5,000 25 ... ... 46,350 ... ...
$5,000 to $9,999 20 ... ... 27,605 ... ...
$10,000 to $14,999 50 ... ... 56,780 ... ...
$15,000 to $19,999 95 ... ... 80,315 ... ...
$20,000 to $24,999 115 ... ... 89,795 ... ...
$25,000 to $29,999 120 ... ... 88,035 ... ...
$30,000 to $34,999 150 ... ... 93,640 ... ...
$35,000 to $39,999 130 ... ... 92,220 ... ...
$40,000 to $44,999 125 ... ... 91,635 ... ...
$45,000 to $49,999 115 ... ... 88,520 ... ...
$50,000 to $59,999 195 ... ... 165,685 ... ...
$60,000 to $69,999 225 ... ... 150,650 ... ...
$70,000 to $79,999 175 ... ... 136,430 ... ...
$80,000 to $89,999 155 ... ... 118,520 ... ...
$90,000 to $99,999 120 ... ... 101,185 ... ...
$100,000 and over 320 ... ... 454,595 ... ...
$100,000 to $124,999 165 ... ... 187,490 ... ...
$125,000 to $149,999 85 ... ... 111,260 ... ...
$150,000 and over 75 ... ... 155,845 ... ...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37 1,490 ... ... 1,276,275 ... ...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($) 77,284 ... ... 88,451 ... ...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($) 67,627 ... ... 77,002 ... ...
Average family size of economic families 2.8 ... ... 3.0 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data 695 ... ... 519,030 ... ...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($) 68,779 ... ... 80,788 ... ...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($) 61,184 ... ... 70,464 ... ...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives 2.0 ... ... 2.0 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data 540 ... ... 536,175 ... ...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($) 100,907 ... ... 111,736 ... ...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($) 86,848 ... ... 96,176 ... ...
Average family size of couple economic families with children 3.9 ... ... 4.0 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data 215 ... ... 179,945 ... ...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($) 51,328 ... ... 51,056 ... ...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($) 46,848 ... ... 46,668 ... ...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families 2.6 ... ... 2.6 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38 1,510 ... ... 1,275,865 ... ...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($) 84,860 ... ... 108,241 ... ...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($) 73,235 ... ... 89,792 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data 720 ... ... 518,295 ... ...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($) 75,262 ... ... 100,772 ... ...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($) 65,268 ... ... 83,021 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data 550 ... ... 536,580 ... ...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($) 107,287 ... ... 131,213 ... ...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($) 91,669 ... ... 108,407 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data 210 ... ... 179,615 ... ...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($) 61,678 ... ... 63,004 ... ...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($) 54,279 ... ... 54,655 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21 755 300 460 768,855 373,390 395,465
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39 29,600 33,856 28,064 31,255 33,342 29,674
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39 27,200 30,112 26,261 28,320 29,815 27,221
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40 720 275 455 766,660 371,595 395,060
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41 35,956 39,688 33,712 41,666 44,615 38,892
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41 31,527 34,085 29,988 35,191 37,100 33,395
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42 4,930 2,325 2,610 4,560,235 2,237,490 2,322,745
In the bottom half of the distribution 2,765 1,255 1,515 2,265,245 1,078,695 1,186,555
In the bottom decile 395 165 230 537,405 258,275 279,140
In the second decile 580 245 330 449,395 205,320 244,075
In the third decile 595 275 315 420,355 198,845 221,510
In the fourth decile 595 280 320 422,805 203,710 219,095
In the fifth decile 600 280 320 435,290 212,555 222,735
In the top half of the distribution 2,160 1,070 1,095 2,294,990 1,158,795 1,136,195
In the sixth decile 610 305 300 442,070 218,225 223,845
In the seventh decile 520 245 275 451,795 226,240 225,555
In the eighth decile 450 220 225 462,900 233,935 228,970
In the ninth decile 400 195 205 473,535 241,165 232,375
In the top decile 190 100 95 464,685 239,235 225,450
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43 4,930 2,320 2,605 4,477,875 2,196,415 2,281,460
0 to 17 years 965 480 485 822,390 422,685 399,710
0 to 5 years 300 145 155 260,110 133,670 126,445
18 to 64 years 2,810 1,305 1,505 2,876,495 1,404,390 1,472,105
65 years and over 1,155 530 620 778,990 369,345 409,645
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) 670 280 395 694,960 325,015 369,940
0 to 17 years 175 90 85 151,880 78,110 73,770
0 to 5 years 70 40 30 46,920 24,035 22,885
18 to 64 years 330 125 195 427,085 198,475 228,615
65 years and over 170 60 110 115,990 48,430 67,560
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%) 13.6 12.1 15.2 15.5 14.8 16.2
0 to 17 years (%) 18.1 18.8 17.5 18.5 18.5 18.5
0 to 5 years (%) 23.3 27.6 19.4 18.0 18.0 18.1
18 to 64 years (%) 11.7 9.6 13.0 14.8 14.1 15.5
65 years and over (%) 14.7 11.3 17.7 14.9 13.1 16.5
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) 210 90 120 491,645 236,430 255,215
0 to 17 years 45 25 25 99,330 50,890 48,450
0 to 5 years 15 10 5 29,250 14,930 14,315
18 to 64 years 150 65 90 345,345 165,740 179,605
65 years and over 10 5 5 46,965 19,805 27,165
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%) 4.3 3.9 4.6 11.0 10.8 11.2
0 to 17 years (%) 4.7 5.2 5.2 12.1 12.0 12.1
0 to 5 years (%) 5.0 6.9 3.2 11.2 11.2 11.3
18 to 64 years (%) 5.3 5.0 6.0 12.0 11.8 12.2
65 years and over (%) 0.9 0.9 0.8 6.0 5.4 6.6
Knowledge of languagesThe letter C inside a yellow triangle - correctionUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44 4,925 2,345 2,585 4,560,235 2,237,490 2,322,745
Official languages 4,905 2,335 2,575 4,407,125 2,173,840 2,233,285
English 4,910 2,335 2,575 4,405,380 2,173,040 2,232,340
French 190 70 120 314,225 140,085 174,140
Non-official languages 380 165 215 1,546,550 727,200 819,355
Aboriginal languages 0 0 0 17,190 8,115 9,075
Algonquian languages 0 0 0 1,950 905 1,045
Blackfoot 0 0 0 35 0 35
Cree-Montagnais languages 0 0 0 1,600 795 805
Atikamekw 0 0 0 0 0 0
Montagnais (Innu) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Moose Cree 0 0 0 15 0 10
Naskapi 0 0 0 0 0 0
Northern East Cree 0 0 0 10 0 10
Plains Cree 0 0 0 345 160 180
Southern East Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0
Swampy Cree 0 0 0 55 25 30
Woods Cree 0 0 0 80 45 40
Cree, n.o.s. 0 0 0 1,090 560 525
Eastern Algonquian languages 0 0 0 30 20 10
Malecite 0 0 0 10 10 0
Mi'kmaq 0 0 0 25 15 0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages 0 0 0 310 100 205
Algonquin 0 0 0 20 0 15
Ojibway 0 0 0 275 95 180
Oji-Cree 0 0 0 15 0 15
Ottawa (Odawa) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Athabaskan languages 0 0 0 4,375 2,050 2,330
Northern Athabaskan languages 0 0 0 4,345 2,035 2,315
Babine (Wetsuwet'en) 0 0 0 200 100 95
Beaver 0 0 0 255 130 130
Carrier 0 0 0 2,045 940 1,110
Chilcotin 0 0 0 1,130 525 605
Dene 0 0 0 130 55 80
Dogrib (Tlicho) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Gwich'in 0 0 0 0 0 0
Sarsi (Sarcee) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Sekani 0 0 0 185 85 100
Slavey-Hare languages 0 0 0 125 60 75
North Slavey (Hare) 0 0 0 10 0 10
South Slavey 0 0 0 25 15 10
Slavey, n.o.s. 0 0 0 105 45 60
Tahltan languages 0 0 0 290 155 130
Kaska (Nahani) 0 0 0 35 20 15
Tahltan 0 0 0 250 135 120
Tutchone languages 0 0 0 10 0 10
Northern Tutchone 0 0 0 0 0 10
Southern Tutchone 0 0 0 10 0 0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 30 15 10
Haida 0 0 0 455 195 255
Inuit languages 0 0 0 170 70 95
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun) 0 0 0 20 10 10
Inuktitut 0 0 0 120 50 70
Inuit languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 35 15 25
Iroquoian languages 0 0 0 30 10 15
Cayuga 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mohawk 0 0 0 25 10 15
Oneida 0 0 0 0 0 0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 10 0
Kutenai 0 0 0 170 95 80
Michif 0 0 0 110 50 60
Salish languages 0 0 0 5,660 2,690 2,970
Comox 0 0 0 185 75 105
Halkomelem 0 0 0 1,045 470 570
Lillooet 0 0 0 790 405 385
Okanagan 0 0 0 805 360 445
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin) 0 0 0 1,280 630 650
Squamish 0 0 0 280 125 155
Straits 0 0 0 360 160 200
Thompson (Ntlakapamux) 0 0 0 440 220 220
Salish languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 540 280 260
Siouan languages 0 0 0 55 20 35
Dakota 0 0 0 30 15 15
Stoney 0 0 0 10 10 10
Siouan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 15 10 10
Tlingit 0 0 0 60 40 20
Tsimshian languages 0 0 0 2,685 1,330 1,350
Gitxsan (Gitksan) 0 0 0 1,275 635 645
Nisga'a 0 0 0 1,035 535 500
Tsimshian 0 0 0 405 180 230
Wakashan languages 0 0 0 1,460 670 795
Haisla 0 0 0 175 65 105
Heiltsuk 0 0 0 120 50 70
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala) 0 0 0 590 275 315
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka) 0 0 0 560 265 295
Wakashan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 20 15 10
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s. 0 0 0 240 105 135
Non-Aboriginal languages 375 165 215 1,529,635 719,190 810,440
Afro-Asiatic languages 15 10 10 35,115 18,585 16,530
Berber languages 0 0 0 145 95 45
Kabyle 0 0 0 65 40 25
Berber languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 80 60 20
Cushitic languages 0 0 0 2,070 955 1,120
Bilen 0 0 0 20 10 15
Oromo 0 0 0 245 140 110
Somali 0 0 0 1,800 815 985
Cushitic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 10 0 10
Semitic languages 10 10 10 33,110 17,660 15,460
Amharic 0 0 0 2,095 1,050 1,045
Arabic 10 0 10 24,230 13,180 11,050
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic 0 0 0 760 370 390
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic 0 0 0 570 285 285
Harari 0 0 0 55 35 20
Hebrew 0 10 0 5,450 2,805 2,645
Maltese 0 0 0 315 155 155
Tigrigna 0 0 0 1,055 560 495
Semitic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 300 160 140
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 170 85 85
Austro-Asiatic languages 0 0 0 35,915 17,130 18,785
Khmer (Cambodian) 0 0 0 1,875 850 1,020
Vietnamese 0 0 0 34,140 16,295 17,840
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 55 30 25
Austronesian languages 15 0 15 125,425 51,215 74,210
Bikol 0 0 0 530 215 310
Cebuano 0 0 0 5,365 2,000 3,370
Fijian 0 0 0 1,095 655 440
Hiligaynon 0 0 0 1,685 710 975
Ilocano 0 0 0 6,450 2,480 3,970
Malagasy 0 0 0 25 15 10
Malay 10 0 0 7,495 3,480 4,010
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango) 0 0 0 855 365 495
Pangasinan 0 0 0 480 205 275
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino) 10 0 15 113,265 45,455 67,805
Waray-Waray 0 0 0 320 130 195
Austronesian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 1,515 740 775
Creole languages 0 0 0 2,485 1,320 1,165
Haitian Creole 0 0 0 135 55 75
Creole, n.o.s. 0 0 0 1,310 730 585
Creole languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 1,055 540 515
Dravidian languages 0 0 0 10,390 5,485 4,905
Kannada 0 0 0 510 250 265
Malayalam 0 0 0 3,350 1,795 1,550
Tamil 0 0 0 5,445 2,830 2,610
Telugu 0 0 0 1,720 970 750
Dravidian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 85 30 55
Hmong-Mien languages 0 0 0 165 85 80
Indo-European languages 310 145 170 764,815 371,760 393,060
Albanian 0 0 0 1,640 840 795
Armenian 0 0 0 1,680 845 835
Balto-Slavic languages 50 25 25 94,050 44,710 49,340
Baltic languages 0 0 0 1,030 515 520
Latvian 0 0 0 555 290 265
Lithuanian 0 0 0 475 220 250
Slavic languages 50 30 25 93,235 44,305 48,940
Belarusan 0 0 0 245 115 125
Bosnian 0 0 0 2,075 1,020 1,050
Bulgarian 0 0 0 2,430 1,105 1,325
Croatian 0 0 0 10,685 5,255 5,430
Czech 0 0 0 7,480 3,665 3,815
Macedonian 0 0 0 400 220 185
Polish 0 0 0 19,175 8,980 10,190
Russian 10 0 0 33,990 15,850 18,135
Serbian 15 10 10 9,110 4,625 4,485
Serbo-Croatian 0 0 0 1,525 770 750
Slovak 0 0 0 4,270 2,045 2,225
Slovene (Slovenian) 0 10 0 1,375 610 760
Ukrainian 15 0 10 10,740 4,835 5,905
Slavic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 420 215 205
Celtic languages 0 0 0 1,855 990 865
Scottish Gaelic 0 0 0 660 395 265
Welsh 0 0 0 345 145 195
Celtic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 860 450 410
Germanic languages 170 85 85 136,685 65,350 71,335
Afrikaans 20 10 10 7,670 3,875 3,800
Danish 10 10 0 5,510 2,490 3,020
Dutch 45 15 30 24,060 11,520 12,550
Frisian 0 0 0 465 230 240
German 105 60 45 95,005 45,840 49,165
Icelandic 0 0 0 405 210 195
Norwegian 0 0 0 2,845 1,425 1,415
Swedish 0 0 0 4,825 2,125 2,695
Vlaams (Flemish) 0 0 0 545 270 275
Yiddish 0 0 0 505 225 280
Germanic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 155 95 60
Greek 10 0 10 9,095 4,725 4,370
Indo-Iranian languages 25 15 10 363,205 181,340 181,865
Indo-Aryan languages 10 10 10 311,955 155,465 156,490
Bengali 0 0 0 3,670 1,885 1,785
Gujarati 0 0 0 11,500 5,455 6,050
Hindi 0 0 0 81,330 39,950 41,380
Kashmiri 0 0 0 60 30 25
Konkani 0 0 0 415 215 200
Marathi 0 0 0 1,475 780 695
Nepali 0 0 0 1,485 725 760
Oriya (Odia) 0 0 0 70 40 30
Punjabi (Panjabi) 10 10 0 244,485 122,450 122,035
Sindhi 0 0 0 3,300 1,415 1,885
Sinhala (Sinhalese) 0 0 0 2,430 1,265 1,170
Urdu 0 0 0 16,750 8,840 7,915
Iranian languages 10 10 0 52,300 26,435 25,870
Kurdish 0 0 0 2,225 1,185 1,040
Pashto 0 0 0 1,660 940 725
Persian (Farsi) 15 10 0 49,835 25,135 24,690
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 935 490 450
Italic (Romance) languages 80 25 45 177,685 83,505 94,185
Catalan 0 0 0 395 210 180
Italian 15 10 0 37,475 18,075 19,400
Portuguese 10 10 10 23,260 11,060 12,200
Romanian 0 0 0 10,045 4,945 5,105
Spanish 55 15 45 115,115 53,215 61,900
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 380 245 140
Japanese 10 10 0 36,990 15,955 21,040
Kartvelian languages 0 0 0 115 55 60
Georgian 0 0 0 115 55 55
Korean 0 0 0 57,490 26,310 31,180
Mongolic languages 0 0 0 370 170 200
Mongolian 0 0 0 370 165 195
Niger-Congo languages 0 0 0 8,025 4,130 3,895
Akan (Twi) 0 0 0 630 350 280
Bamanankan 0 0 0 30 20 15
Edo 0 0 0 145 80 60
Ewe 0 0 0 135 90 45
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde) 0 0 0 105 30 70
Ga 0 0 0 150 95 50
Ganda 0 0 0 165 80 85
Igbo 0 0 0 425 240 185
Lingala 0 0 0 280 125 150
Rundi (Kirundi) 0 0 0 125 45 75
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda) 0 0 0 290 125 165
Shona 0 0 0 415 220 195
Swahili 0 0 0 3,365 1,785 1,575
Wolof 0 0 0 50 25 30
Yoruba 0 0 0 885 455 435
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 1,835 840 1,000
Nilo-Saharan languages 0 0 0 405 210 200
Dinka 0 0 0 85 50 35
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 325 155 165
Sign languages 0 0 0 7,545 2,865 4,680
American Sign Language 0 0 0 3,860 1,280 2,575
Quebec Sign Language 0 0 0 10 0 0
Sign languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 3,780 1,615 2,160
Sino-Tibetan languages 25 0 20 457,595 211,220 246,375
Chinese languages 20 10 20 454,885 209,850 245,030
Cantonese 0 0 0 234,445 108,485 125,960
Hakka 0 0 0 2,715 1,290 1,430
Mandarin 20 0 15 265,635 119,995 145,640
Min Dong 0 0 0 130 55 75
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese) 0 0 0 16,410 7,230 9,185
Wu (Shanghainese) 0 0 0 5,600 2,445 3,155
Chinese, n.o.s. 0 0 0 10,380 4,725 5,650
Chinese languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 200 75 120
Tibeto-Burman languages 0 0 0 3,000 1,500 1,505
Burmese 0 0 0 1,490 730 755
Karenic languages 0 0 0 955 485 465
Tibetan 0 0 0 375 205 165
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 330 150 180
Tai-Kadai languages 0 0 0 5,635 2,190 3,450
Lao 0 0 0 1,630 735 890
Thai 0 0 0 4,275 1,535 2,740
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 10 10 0
Turkic languages 10 10 0 6,785 3,685 3,095
Azerbaijani 0 0 0 945 510 435
Turkish 0 0 0 5,585 3,025 2,555
Uyghur 0 0 0 115 60 55
Uzbek 0 0 0 170 95 75
Turkic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 275 140 130
Uralic languages 10 0 0 15,280 7,095 8,185
Estonian 0 0 0 780 350 425
Finnish 10 0 10 4,030 1,640 2,385
Hungarian 10 10 0 10,495 5,100 5,395
Uralic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 10 10 10
Other languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 1,045 575 470
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45 4,930 2,350 2,580 4,560,235 2,237,485 2,322,750
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46 4,825 2,300 2,520 4,138,300 2,038,285 2,100,015
Canadian citizens aged under 18 970 485 480 790,485 406,970 383,510
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over 3,860 1,815 2,045 3,347,820 1,631,310 1,716,505
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47 100 45 55 421,935 199,205 222,735
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48 4,930 2,345 2,580 4,560,240 2,237,490 2,322,750
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49 4,510 2,165 2,345 3,167,155 1,584,305 1,582,855
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50 415 175 240 1,292,675 603,800 688,875
Before 1981 260 115 140 356,155 171,330 184,825
1981 to 1990 25 10 10 152,220 70,475 81,750
1991 to 2000 60 25 25 287,505 132,190 155,315
2001 to 2010 45 15 35 321,240 147,250 173,985
2001 to 2005 30 10 20 147,735 67,425 80,305
2006 to 2010 20 10 15 173,505 79,825 93,680
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51 30 10 15 175,555 82,555 92,995
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52 10 10 0 100,405 49,385 51,020
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53 410 175 235 1,292,670 603,800 688,875
Under 5 years 80 25 50 112,665 56,495 56,175
5 to 14 years 100 50 50 212,710 108,975 103,730
15 to 24 years 80 30 50 279,495 126,690 152,805
25 to 44 years 135 55 75 537,500 242,185 295,310
45 years and over 20 10 0 150,305 69,455 80,845
Immigrants by selected place of birthThe letter C inside a yellow triangle - correctionUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54 415 175 235 1,292,675 603,800 688,875
Americas 65 10 50 110,850 50,515 60,330
Brazil 0 0 10 3,800 1,545 2,260
Colombia 0 0 0 3,915 1,720 2,195
El Salvador 0 0 0 5,425 2,710 2,715
Guyana 0 0 0 1,305 600 710
Haiti 0 0 0 570 250 315
Jamaica 0 0 0 3,505 1,770 1,735
Mexico 0 0 0 10,375 4,425 5,945
Peru 0 0 10 3,265 1,330 1,930
Trinidad and Tobago 0 0 0 2,620 1,205 1,415
United StatesCensus data footnote 55 50 0 40 57,780 26,425 31,355
Other places of birth in Americas 10 0 0 18,295 8,530 9,765
Europe 255 135 120 319,885 156,975 162,915
Bosnia and Herzegovina 0 0 0 4,570 2,230 2,345
Croatia 10 10 0 5,780 2,945 2,830
France 0 0 0 5,700 2,895 2,805
Germany 60 35 25 35,045 16,835 18,210
Greece 0 0 0 3,630 1,965 1,670
Hungary 0 10 0 6,175 3,145 3,030
IrelandCensus data footnote 56 10 0 0 5,890 3,090 2,795
Italy 10 0 0 15,405 8,050 7,355
Netherlands 35 15 20 18,225 9,365 8,855
Poland 0 0 0 15,115 6,965 8,145
Portugal 0 0 0 8,215 4,125 4,090
Romania 0 0 0 8,995 4,400 4,595
Russian Federation 0 0 0 10,920 4,700 6,215
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57 0 0 10 4,480 2,225 2,260
Ukraine 0 0 0 7,500 3,520 3,980
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58 100 50 50 123,810 60,975 62,835
Other places of birth in Europe 30 20 10 40,425 19,545 20,880
Africa 15 0 10 42,805 21,500 21,310
Algeria 0 0 0 485 310 175
Egypt 0 0 0 2,705 1,480 1,225
Ethiopia 0 0 0 2,070 1,015 1,060
Kenya 0 0 0 4,705 2,175 2,535
Morocco 0 0 0 985 535 455
Nigeria 0 0 0 1,740 925 815
Somalia 0 0 0 1,080 515 570
South Africa, Republic of 15 10 10 13,375 6,700 6,675
Other places of birth in Africa 0 0 0 15,645 7,840 7,800
Asia 60 20 40 788,055 359,835 428,220
Afghanistan 0 0 0 5,040 2,550 2,490
Bangladesh 0 0 0 2,125 1,080 1,040
ChinaCensus data footnote 59 10 10 0 199,990 89,145 110,845
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60 0 0 0 74,210 34,120 40,090
India 10 10 10 162,650 79,395 83,245
IranCensus data footnote 61 10 0 0 37,160 18,890 18,270
Iraq 0 0 0 5,550 2,855 2,690
Japan 0 0 0 13,365 3,840 9,520
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62 10 0 10 41,515 18,870 22,645
Lebanon 0 0 0 2,235 1,290 950
Pakistan 0 0 0 10,665 5,470 5,190
Philippines 10 0 10 112,100 45,890 66,210
Sri Lanka 0 0 0 4,585 2,360 2,230
SyriaCensus data footnote 63 0 0 0 2,845 1,450 1,400
Taiwan 0 0 0 38,900 17,450 21,450
Viet Nam 0 0 0 27,875 12,970 14,905
Other places of birth in Asia 10 0 10 47,255 22,215 25,045
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64 15 0 15 31,075 14,975 16,100
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54 30 15 15 175,555 82,555 92,995
Americas 0 0 0 14,550 7,160 7,385
Brazil 0 0 0 1,145 525 615
Colombia 0 0 0 580 250 325
Cuba 0 0 0 140 60 80
Haiti 0 0 0 35 35 10
Jamaica 0 0 0 625 355 265
Mexico 0 0 0 2,885 1,420 1,460
United StatesCensus data footnote 55 0 0 0 6,485 3,290 3,190
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65 0 0 0 270 115 155
Other places of birth in Americas 0 0 0 2,380 1,105 1,275
Europe 0 0 0 19,735 10,260 9,475
France 0 0 0 970 510 460
Germany 0 0 0 1,450 775 675
IrelandCensus data footnote 56 0 0 0 1,430 900 530
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66 0 0 0 245 120 125
Romania 0 0 0 690 310 380
Russian Federation 0 0 0 1,735 620 1,110
Ukraine 0 0 0 1,230 495 735
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58 0 0 0 6,540 3,840 2,695
Other places of birth in Europe 0 0 0 5,455 2,685 2,765
Africa 15 0 10 6,200 3,150 3,050
Algeria 0 0 0 65 40 20
Cameroon 0 0 0 65 25 35
Congo, Democratic Republic of the 0 0 0 150 80 75
Côte d'Ivoire 0 0 0 20 10 10
Egypt 0 0 0 625 340 290
Eritrea 0 0 0 320 175 145
Ethiopia 0 0 0 305 170 140
Morocco 0 0 0 205 115 95
Nigeria 0 0 0 645 325 315
Somalia 0 0 0 355 145 215
South Africa, Republic of 15 0 10 1,625 815 810
Tunisia 0 0 0 80 30 45
Other places of birth in Africa 0 0 0 1,745 890 860
Asia 15 0 10 131,880 60,140 71,735
Afghanistan 0 0 0 870 455 415
Bangladesh 0 0 0 470 230 245
ChinaCensus data footnote 59 0 0 0 38,105 16,965 21,140
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60 0 0 0 1,800 770 1,030
India 10 10 0 27,460 13,780 13,680
IranCensus data footnote 61 0 0 0 8,645 4,315 4,330
Iraq 0 0 0 1,910 940 965
Israel 0 0 0 365 205 160
Japan 0 0 0 2,285 570 1,715
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62 0 0 0 8,025 3,430 4,595
Lebanon 0 0 0 265 155 110
Nepal 0 0 0 310 115 195
Pakistan 0 0 0 1,965 990 975
Philippines 0 0 0 26,680 11,615 15,065
Saudi Arabia 0 0 0 400 180 215
Sri Lanka 0 0 0 535 265 265
SyriaCensus data footnote 63 0 0 0 2,185 1,095 1,085
Taiwan 0 0 0 2,505 970 1,530
Turkey 0 0 0 395 220 170
United Arab Emirates 0 0 0 385 195 195
Viet Nam 0 0 0 1,780 685 1,090
Other places of birth in Asia 0 0 10 4,545 1,980 2,560
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64 0 0 0 3,185 1,845 1,340
Australia 0 0 0 1,920 1,130 790
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67 0 0 0 1,265 715 550
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68 4,930 2,345 2,580 4,560,240 2,237,490 2,322,750
First generationCensus data footnote 69 430 185 240 1,426,450 670,440 756,010
Second generationCensus data footnote 70 960 455 500 1,043,860 523,340 520,520
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71 3,540 1,700 1,840 2,089,925 1,043,705 1,046,225
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72 155 60 95 955,955 442,040 513,915
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73 80 25 50 537,875 258,560 279,315
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74 40 15 20 209,685 123,645 86,040
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75 45 15 30 328,185 134,915 193,275
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76 50 20 35 323,440 133,775 189,670
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77 15 15 0 82,360 44,250 38,110
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78 0 0 10 12,285 5,455 6,825
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79 4,925 2,350 2,580 4,560,240 2,237,490 2,322,750
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80 345 125 220 270,585 130,265 140,320
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81 320 115 205 263,540 127,115 136,425
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82 125 50 80 172,520 83,645 88,880
Métis 195 70 125 89,405 42,715 46,690
Inuk (Inuit) 0 0 0 1,610 760 855
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83 20 0 10 4,350 2,090 2,260
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84 0 0 10 2,695 1,060 1,635
Non-Aboriginal identity 4,585 2,225 2,360 4,289,655 2,107,225 2,182,430
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85 4,925 2,345 2,580 4,560,240 2,237,485 2,322,750
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86 70 15 50 135,835 65,560 70,280
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian 4,855 2,330 2,530 4,424,400 2,171,930 2,252,470
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87 4,930 2,345 2,585 4,560,240 2,237,490 2,322,750
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88 25 15 15 91,710 45,690 46,020
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89 30 15 15 90,390 45,100 45,295
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82 10 10 0 79,875 39,685 40,190
Métis single ancestry 20 10 10 10,080 5,215 4,865
Inuit single ancestry 0 0 0 430 200 235
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90 0 0 0 1,325 595 725
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries 0 0 0 1,175 535 635
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries 0 0 0 100 50 50
Métis and Inuit ancestries 0 0 0 45 10 45
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries 0 0 0 0 0 0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91 435 185 250 211,100 100,835 110,260
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92 410 165 245 201,895 96,650 105,245
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries 250 120 135 130,020 62,170 67,850
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries 160 50 105 70,180 33,595 36,585
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries 0 0 0 1,700 890 815
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93 25 15 10 9,200 4,185 5,015
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries 10 10 10 8,865 4,050 4,810
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries 0 0 0 165 75 90
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries 0 0 0 125 35 90
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries 15 10 0 45 20 20
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94 4,465 2,150 2,315 4,257,430 2,090,960 2,166,465
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95 4,925 2,350 2,580 4,560,240 2,237,490 2,322,750
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96 165 95 70 1,381,235 658,260 722,975
South AsianCensus data footnote 97 10 10 0 365,705 183,650 182,055
Chinese 30 10 20 508,480 237,805 270,670
Black 15 15 0 43,500 22,455 21,045
Filipino 15 0 15 145,025 62,505 82,520
Latin American 0 0 0 44,115 20,600 23,515
Arab 10 10 0 19,840 10,865 8,980
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98 0 0 0 54,920 25,975 28,950
West AsianCensus data footnote 99 10 10 0 48,695 24,880 23,810
Korean 10 0 0 60,495 27,915 32,580
Japanese 50 45 10 41,230 17,435 23,800
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100 0 0 0 8,760 4,280 4,485
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101 15 10 10 40,465 19,900 20,565
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102 4,760 2,250 2,510 3,179,005 1,579,230 1,599,775
Ethnic origin populationThe letter C inside a yellow triangle - correctionUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103 4,925 2,345 2,580 4,560,240 2,237,490 2,322,750
North American Aboriginal origins 465 195 265 302,810 146,530 156,280
First Nations (North American Indian) 285 140 150 220,245 106,595 113,650
Inuit 20 10 0 2,615 1,280 1,340
Métis 200 75 125 90,515 43,460 47,050
Other North American origins 1,405 675 725 922,690 460,355 462,335
Acadian 10 0 0 3,940 1,960 1,980
American 80 40 45 78,170 37,765 40,405
Canadian 1,350 650 700 866,530 432,975 433,560
New Brunswicker 0 0 0 60 45 15
Newfoundlander 0 0 0 1,875 995 880
Nova Scotian 0 0 0 185 95 85
Ontarian 0 0 0 130 55 75
Québécois 0 0 0 1,830 945 880
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104 0 0 0 405 175 230
European origins 4,310 2,040 2,265 2,857,080 1,408,510 1,448,575
British Isles origins 2,855 1,330 1,525 1,926,040 945,580 980,460
Channel Islander 0 0 0 455 230 220
Cornish 0 0 0 610 340 265
English 1,855 810 1,050 1,203,540 585,700 617,845
Irish 1,205 575 635 675,135 318,455 356,675
Manx 0 0 0 1,810 835 975
Scottish 1,350 595 750 860,775 417,080 443,700
Welsh 190 90 95 113,905 54,260 59,645
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105 140 75 60 122,700 59,225 63,475
French origins 720 315 405 388,815 184,705 204,110
Alsatian 0 0 0 210 95 115
Breton 0 0 0 110 45 65
Corsican 0 0 0 105 40 65
French 720 315 400 388,580 184,595 203,980
Western European origins (except French origins) 1,635 745 890 839,860 411,165 428,695
Austrian 45 25 15 48,510 23,030 25,485
Bavarian 0 0 0 225 105 120
Belgian 55 15 40 19,980 9,615 10,360
Dutch 485 195 290 213,670 105,040 108,630
Flemish 0 0 0 2,215 1,145 1,075
Frisian 0 0 0 850 425 425
German 1,185 565 620 603,265 294,860 308,410
Luxembourger 15 10 10 695 340 355
Swiss 70 25 45 31,390 15,510 15,880
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106 0 0 0 905 425 485
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins) 640 320 325 346,525 166,100 180,425
Danish 145 65 75 58,205 27,985 30,220
Finnish 25 0 20 34,150 16,285 17,870
Icelandic 50 25 20 26,410 12,860 13,545
Norwegian 280 135 140 138,430 66,870 71,565
Swedish 155 70 85 110,030 51,000 59,030
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107 20 10 0 15,080 7,610 7,470
Eastern European origins 750 355 395 569,260 275,900 293,360
Bulgarian 0 0 0 4,015 1,875 2,140
Byelorussian 0 0 0 2,760 1,400 1,365
Czech 30 10 20 23,375 11,500 11,875
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108 20 0 15 7,970 3,795 4,175
Estonian 0 0 0 4,840 2,250 2,590
Hungarian 60 30 35 56,535 27,450 29,090
Latvian 15 10 0 4,935 2,565 2,370
Lithuanian 10 0 10 7,225 3,465 3,755
Moldovan 0 0 0 1,085 510 580
Polish 155 95 60 149,635 71,605 78,030
Romanian 50 15 30 31,250 15,125 16,125
Russian 95 35 60 131,060 62,880 68,180
Slovak 0 0 0 11,220 5,440 5,780
Ukrainian 430 190 240 229,205 111,285 117,915
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109 0 0 0 3,555 1,645 1,915
Southern European origins 235 115 125 334,740 164,780 169,960
Albanian 0 0 0 1,925 975 950
Bosnian 0 0 0 3,290 1,635 1,655
Catalan 0 0 0 120 85 30
Croatian 15 0 10 23,845 12,180 11,660
Cypriot 0 0 0 440 230 205
Greek 10 0 10 24,460 12,410 12,050
Italian 130 60 70 166,095 83,095 83,000
Kosovar 0 0 0 280 135 145
Macedonian 10 0 10 1,205 620 580
Maltese 0 0 0 2,645 1,350 1,295
Montenegrin 0 0 0 710 360 350
Portuguese 0 0 0 41,770 20,620 21,145
Serbian 25 10 15 12,895 6,625 6,270
Sicilian 0 0 0 545 295 255
Slovenian 15 10 0 5,555 2,725 2,825
Spanish 35 20 20 64,470 29,245 35,225
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110 30 15 15 7,080 3,360 3,725
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111 0 0 0 395 200 195
Other European origins 45 20 30 34,700 17,800 16,900
Basque 0 0 0 840 470 375
Jewish 20 10 10 17,580 8,950 8,635
Roma (Gypsy) 0 0 0 805 320 485
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112 0 0 0 965 520 450
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113 30 10 20 14,715 7,635 7,080
Caribbean origins 20 20 0 25,010 12,350 12,660
Antiguan 0 0 0 220 115 105
Bahamian 0 0 0 255 140 110
Barbadian 0 0 0 1,870 945 930
Bermudan 0 0 0 335 155 175
Carib 0 0 0 70 50 25
Cuban 0 0 0 1,320 615 700
Dominican 0 0 0 735 330 410
Grenadian 10 10 0 380 195 185
Guadeloupean 0 0 0 15 0 15
Haitian 0 0 0 1,140 530 615
Jamaican 20 15 0 10,545 5,425 5,120
Kittitian/Nevisian 0 0 0 130 70 55
Martinican 0 0 0 25 0 20
Montserratan 0 0 0 25 15 10
Puerto Rican 0 0 0 570 260 310
St. Lucian 0 0 0 190 85 110
Trinidadian/Tobagonian 0 0 0 4,170 2,085 2,085
Vincentian/Grenadinian 0 0 0 415 180 230
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114 0 0 0 2,120 930 1,190
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115 0 0 0 1,920 945 975
Latin, Central and South American origins 30 25 0 69,920 33,580 36,335
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya) 0 0 0 2,625 1,350 1,275
Arawak 0 0 0 90 45 45
Argentinian 0 0 0 2,025 910 1,120
Belizean 0 0 0 125 60 65
Bolivian 0 0 0 375 145 230
Brazilian 10 10 10 5,455 2,465 2,990
Chilean 10 10 0 5,700 2,740 2,955
Colombian 0 0 0 5,860 2,805 3,055
Costa Rican 0 0 0 810 385 425
Ecuadorian 10 0 0 1,040 490 550
Guatemalan 0 0 0 2,575 1,310 1,265
Guyanese 0 0 0 1,925 995 935
Hispanic 0 0 0 1,535 720 810
Honduran 0 0 0 1,445 750 695
Maya 0 0 0 930 475 455
Mexican 10 0 0 23,055 11,025 12,035
Nicaraguan 0 0 0 1,520 735 785
Panamanian 0 0 0 325 140 185
Paraguayan 0 0 0 895 475 420
Peruvian 0 0 0 3,905 1,775 2,135
Salvadorean 0 0 0 6,815 3,390 3,425
Uruguayan 0 0 0 410 205 205
Venezuelan 0 0 0 1,900 915 980
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116 0 0 0 3,310 1,605 1,705
African origins 20 10 10 59,985 30,635 29,345
Central and West African origins 0 0 0 7,075 3,810 3,265
Akan 0 0 0 40 30 10
Angolan 0 0 0 90 55 35
Ashanti 0 0 0 85 30 50
Beninese 0 0 0 35 20 15
Burkinabe 0 0 0 45 30 15
Cameroonian 0 0 0 150 85 70
Chadian 0 0 0 70 50 25
Congolese 0 0 0 810 405 400
Edo 0 0 0 85 55 30
Ewe 0 0 0 55 25 30
Gabonese 0 0 0 10 0 10
Gambian 0 0 0 25 10 15
Ghanaian 0 0 0 1,600 865 730
Guinean 0 0 0 130 45 80
Ibo 0 0 0 280 160 115
Ivorian 0 0 0 100 55 50
Liberian 0 0 0 250 95 150
Malian 0 0 0 80 55 25
Malinké 0 0 0 10 0 0
Nigerian 0 0 0 2,615 1,430 1,185
Peulh 0 0 0 20 0 15
Senegalese 0 0 0 95 75 25
Sierra Leonean 0 0 0 130 60 65
Togolese 0 0 0 100 70 40
Wolof 0 0 0 0 0 0
Yoruba 0 0 0 255 135 125
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117 0 0 0 620 305 315
North African origins 0 0 0 9,840 5,210 4,630
Algerian 0 0 0 770 465 305
Berber 0 0 0 210 130 80
Coptic 0 0 0 150 90 65
Dinka 0 0 0 45 25 15
Egyptian 0 0 0 4,520 2,340 2,180
Libyan 0 0 0 420 275 140
Maure 0 0 0 150 60 90
Moroccan 0 0 0 2,005 1,105 895
Sudanese 0 0 0 1,225 535 695
Tunisian 0 0 0 500 290 215
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118 0 0 0 215 115 105
Southern and East African origins 0 0 0 24,800 12,345 12,450
Afrikaner 0 0 0 705 355 355
Amhara 0 0 0 115 60 50
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119 0 0 0 255 140 120
Burundian 0 0 0 215 95 120
Djiboutian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Eritrean 0 0 0 1,055 550 505
Ethiopian 0 0 0 2,550 1,280 1,270
Harari 0 0 0 0 0 0
Kenyan 0 0 0 1,615 775 845
Malagasy 0 0 0 105 65 40
Mauritian 0 0 0 975 520 450
Oromo 0 0 0 140 75 65
Rwandan 0 0 0 420 225 195
Seychellois 0 0 0 25 15 15
Somali 0 0 0 2,295 1,115 1,180
South African 0 0 0 11,060 5,510 5,550
Tanzanian 0 0 0 490 220 275
Tigrian 0 0 0 205 110 95
Ugandan 0 0 0 775 390 380
Zambian 0 0 0 210 95 110
Zimbabwean 0 0 0 855 445 405
Zulu 0 0 0 75 25 45
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120 0 0 0 1,840 910 930
Other African origins 15 10 0 19,215 9,745 9,465
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121 10 0 0 2,660 1,315 1,340
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122 0 0 0 16,740 8,515 8,225
Asian origins 225 145 80 1,312,445 624,270 688,175
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins 40 25 10 99,560 51,315 48,245
Afghan 0 0 0 7,895 4,005 3,885
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123 0 0 0 5,660 3,125 2,540
Armenian 10 10 0 3,715 1,905 1,815
Assyrian 0 0 0 545 295 250
Azerbaijani 0 0 0 990 570 425
Georgian 0 0 0 740 380 355
Hazara 0 0 0 55 30 20
Iranian 10 10 10 47,985 24,290 23,695
Iraqi 0 0 0 5,575 2,860 2,715
Israeli 0 0 0 2,655 1,370 1,285
Jordanian 0 0 0 785 425 355
Kazakh 0 0 0 385 205 175
Kurd 0 0 0 2,120 1,165 950
Kuwaiti 0 0 0 125 85 40
Kyrgyz 0 0 0 175 90 85
Lebanese 10 0 0 7,980 4,175 3,805
Palestinian 15 0 10 2,625 1,410 1,210
Pashtun 0 0 0 360 200 160
Saudi Arabian 0 0 0 975 615 360
Syrian 0 0 0 3,955 1,905 2,055
Tajik 0 0 0 260 135 125
Tatar 0 0 0 790 365 425
Turk 0 0 0 6,355 3,485 2,865
Turkmen 0 0 0 120 70 55
Uighur 0 0 0 130 65 60
Uzbek 0 0 0 270 150 120
Yemeni 0 0 0 300 185 115
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124 0 0 0 2,635 1,340 1,295
South Asian origins 50 40 10 363,885 182,650 181,235
Bangladeshi 0 0 0 1,840 925 920
Bengali 0 0 0 850 405 445
Bhutanese 0 0 0 120 65 55
East Indian 50 40 10 309,315 154,795 154,520
Goan 0 0 0 485 245 240
Gujarati 0 0 0 700 335 365
Kashmiri 0 0 0 185 100 85
Nepali 0 0 0 1,495 690 805
Pakistani 0 0 0 12,585 6,565 6,015
Punjabi 0 0 0 38,725 19,700 19,025
Sinhalese 0 0 0 620 325 300
Sri Lankan 0 0 0 5,710 2,970 2,740
Tamil 0 0 0 1,235 670 560
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125 0 0 0 8,245 4,070 4,170
East and Southeast Asian origins 135 80 55 855,345 393,475 461,875
Burmese 0 0 0 2,310 1,135 1,175
Cambodian (Khmer) 0 0 0 3,235 1,580 1,655
Chinese 60 20 40 540,155 253,065 287,090
Filipino 30 0 25 158,215 68,710 89,505
Hmong 0 0 0 130 70 60
Indonesian 0 0 0 6,625 3,115 3,510
Japanese 70 60 10 51,150 22,200 28,945
Karen 0 0 0 895 450 445
Korean 0 0 0 63,300 29,330 33,975
Laotian 0 0 0 2,530 1,275 1,255
Malaysian 0 0 0 5,060 2,260 2,800
Mongolian 0 0 0 1,495 740 760
Singaporean 0 0 0 1,055 490 560
Taiwanese 0 0 0 21,455 9,810 11,650
Thai 0 0 0 5,065 1,870 3,195
Tibetan 0 0 0 550 290 260
Vietnamese 0 0 0 41,435 20,205 21,230
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126 0 0 0 785 310 470
Other Asian origins 0 0 0 2,500 1,250 1,250
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127 0 0 0 2,500 1,250 1,255
Oceania origins 30 15 15 41,125 20,605 20,520
Australian 25 10 15 16,240 8,385 7,855
New Zealander 0 0 0 6,565 3,405 3,155
Pacific Islands origins 0 0 0 19,135 9,240 9,890
Fijian 0 0 0 14,145 6,895 7,250
Hawaiian 0 0 0 2,200 970 1,235
Maori 0 0 0 1,120 595 530
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128 10 0 0 600 275 325
Samoan 0 0 0 485 255 230
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129 0 0 0 905 440 465
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130 2,130 ... ... 1,881,970 ... ...
Owner 1,710 ... ... 1,279,020 ... ...
Renter 420 ... ... 599,360 ... ...
Band housing 0 ... ... 3,590 ... ...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131 2,130 ... ... 1,881,970 ... ...
Condominium 380 ... ... 416,770 ... ...
Not condominium 1,755 ... ... 1,465,200 ... ...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132 2,135 ... ... 1,881,970 ... ...
No bedrooms 0 ... ... 22,705 ... ...
1 bedroom 180 ... ... 311,035 ... ...
2 bedrooms 570 ... ... 514,015 ... ...
3 bedrooms 725 ... ... 513,135 ... ...
4 or more bedrooms 655 ... ... 521,075 ... ...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133 2,130 ... ... 1,881,970 ... ...
1 to 4 rooms 445 ... ... 642,910 ... ...
5 rooms 325 ... ... 274,780 ... ...
6 rooms 265 ... ... 235,845 ... ...
7 rooms 340 ... ... 199,715 ... ...
8 or more rooms 755 ... ... 528,720 ... ...
Average number of rooms per dwelling 6.7 ... ... 6.0 ... ...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134 2,130 ... ... 1,881,970 ... ...
One person or fewer per room 2,130 ... ... 1,839,850 ... ...
More than 1 person per room 10 ... ... 42,120 ... ...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135 2,130 ... ... 1,881,965 ... ...
Suitable 2,090 ... ... 1,781,905 ... ...
Not suitable 45 ... ... 100,060 ... ...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136 2,135 ... ... 1,881,970 ... ...
1960 or before 335 ... ... 267,560 ... ...
1961 to 1980 605 ... ... 559,485 ... ...
1981 to 1990 250 ... ... 289,565 ... ...
1991 to 2000 530 ... ... 331,865 ... ...
2001 to 2005 105 ... ... 125,335 ... ...
2006 to 2010 230 ... ... 171,945 ... ...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137 85 ... ... 136,210 ... ...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138 2,130 ... ... 1,881,970 ... ...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed 2,010 ... ... 1,763,105 ... ...
Major repairs needed 120 ... ... 118,865 ... ...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139 2,135 ... ... 1,881,970 ... ...
1 household maintainer 1,255 ... ... 1,091,500 ... ...
2 household maintainers 840 ... ... 725,675 ... ...
3 or more household maintainers 40 ... ... 64,790 ... ...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140 2,130 ... ... 1,881,970 ... ...
15 to 24 years 15 ... ... 58,620 ... ...
25 to 34 years 225 ... ... 253,950 ... ...
35 to 44 years 325 ... ... 304,185 ... ...
45 to 54 years 320 ... ... 378,545 ... ...
55 to 64 years 475 ... ... 390,185 ... ...
65 to 74 years 405 ... ... 288,165 ... ...
75 to 84 years 265 ... ... 152,225 ... ...
85 years and over 105 ... ... 56,085 ... ...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141 2,130 ... ... 1,832,420 ... ...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs 1,685 ... ... 1,320,210 ... ...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs 440 ... ... 512,210 ... ...
30% to less than 100% 405 ... ... 420,705 ... ...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data 1,710 ... ... 1,242,600 ... ...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142 57.3 ... ... 58.6 ... ...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141 14.0 ... ... 20.7 ... ...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143 885 ... ... 1,149 ... ...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143 960 ... ... 1,387 ... ...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144 343,620 ... ... 500,874 ... ...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144 345,723 ... ... 720,689 ... ...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data 420 ... ... 592,825 ... ...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145 13.1 ... ... 12.5 ... ...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141 48.2 ... ... 43.3 ... ...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143 950 ... ... 1,036 ... ...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143 1,008 ... ... 1,149 ... ...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146 4,075 1,925 2,150 3,870,375 1,882,770 1,987,605
No certificate, diploma or degree 795 405 395 601,640 305,320 296,315
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147 1,450 650 795 1,138,565 549,580 588,985
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree 1,840 875 965 2,130,175 1,027,870 1,102,310
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma 530 400 130 338,980 250,270 88,720
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148 200 110 90 142,935 83,055 59,880
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149 330 290 40 196,045 167,210 28,840
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma 910 315 595 700,945 280,300 420,645
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level 70 15 55 138,010 54,420 83,585
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above 325 145 180 952,240 442,880 509,360
Bachelor's degree 200 90 115 622,670 281,020 341,655
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level 40 10 35 69,005 28,575 40,430
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry 0 0 10 29,110 16,690 12,420
Master's degree 75 50 25 195,825 94,360 101,465
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150 0 0 0 35,625 22,240 13,390
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146 2,485 1,175 1,305 2,532,975 1,227,040 1,305,940
No certificate, diploma or degree 255 155 100 244,000 134,410 109,585
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147 955 465 495 671,010 330,835 340,175
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree 1,275 565 710 1,617,965 761,790 856,175
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma 320 250 70 231,445 172,290 59,155
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148 115 70 50 97,350 56,920 40,435
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149 200 180 25 134,095 115,370 18,725
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma 690 220 475 528,805 210,880 317,925
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level 50 10 45 99,695 39,205 60,490
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above 205 80 125 758,015 339,415 418,605
Bachelor's degree 145 60 85 497,845 219,005 278,840
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level 15 0 20 52,955 20,995 31,965
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry 0 0 0 22,440 11,665 10,775
Master's degree 45 25 20 159,740 73,335 86,405
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150 0 0 0 25,030 14,420 10,615
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151 4,075 1,930 2,150 3,870,380 1,882,770 1,987,610
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152 2,240 1,050 1,185 1,740,205 854,900 885,300
Education 155 40 110 144,100 34,915 109,185
13. Education 160 40 110 144,100 34,910 109,185
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies 40 10 40 98,735 44,465 54,275
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services 0 0 0 16,970 12,880 4,090
50. Visual and performing arts 40 10 35 81,765 31,580 50,185
Humanities 45 30 20 124,600 49,025 75,575
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics 0 0 0 15,235 3,675 11,555
23. English language and literature/letters 10 0 10 34,710 10,845 23,865
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities 10 0 0 35,720 13,670 22,050
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153 0 0 0 585 210 375
38. Philosophy and religious studies 10 0 0 6,710 4,050 2,660
39. Theology and religious vocations 30 25 0 12,275 7,400 4,880
54. History 0 10 0 15,780 8,475 7,300
55. French language and literature/letters 0 0 0 3,580 705 2,880
Social and behavioural sciences and law 105 20 90 245,990 87,960 158,025
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies 0 0 0 4,120 1,060 3,060
09. Communication, journalism and related programs 0 0 0 23,180 8,505 14,680
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences 50 10 40 38,070 3,285 34,785
22. Legal professions and studies 15 0 10 38,505 13,545 24,955
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154 0 0 0 4,325 1,345 2,985
42. Psychology 20 0 20 43,230 12,480 30,750
45. Social sciences 25 10 15 94,560 47,755 46,810
Business, management and public administration 350 80 270 426,460 166,470 259,990
30.16 Accounting and computer science 10 0 0 775 215 560
44. Public administration and social service professions 40 0 35 26,520 5,960 20,565
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services 310 75 230 399,160 160,295 238,865
Physical and life sciences and technologies 35 15 15 86,425 46,070 40,355
26. Biological and biomedical sciences 0 10 0 36,760 16,800 19,960
30.01 Biological and physical sciences 0 0 0 19,025 9,400 9,620
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155 0 0 0 835 225 610
40. Physical sciences 10 10 10 26,370 18,395 7,975
41. Science technologies/technicians 10 0 10 3,440 1,255 2,185
Mathematics, computer and information sciences 20 15 0 80,070 51,490 28,575
11. Computer and information sciences and support services 15 15 0 62,795 43,900 18,890
25. Library science 0 0 0 5,560 755 4,805
27. Mathematics and statistics 10 0 0 10,875 6,295 4,580
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156 0 0 0 835 540 300
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies 535 515 15 427,670 388,335 39,340
04. Architecture and related services 10 0 0 15,490 9,985 5,505
14. Engineering 30 25 0 98,455 81,055 17,395
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields 85 75 15 68,500 60,490 8,010
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation 0 0 0 90 25 65
46. Construction trades 195 190 0 100,765 97,615 3,150
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians 160 160 0 97,720 94,520 3,200
48. Precision production 65 65 0 46,660 44,650 2,015
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation 55 20 35 50,210 31,680 18,525
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences 30 10 20 24,950 13,670 11,275
03. Natural resources and conservation 25 15 15 25,260 18,010 7,250
Health and related fields 335 45 290 322,715 65,735 256,975
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies 20 0 10 23,740 11,920 11,820
51. Health professions and related programs 315 40 275 290,645 48,985 241,655
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs 0 0 0 8,330 4,835 3,495
Personal, protective and transportation services 165 90 75 122,855 61,605 61,250
12. Personal and culinary services 120 40 80 79,740 24,860 54,885
28. Military science, leadership and operational art 0 0 0 320 290 30
29. Military technologies and applied sciences 0 0 0 1,235 1,120 115
43. Security and protective services 10 15 0 13,935 10,390 3,545
49. Transportation and materials moving 35 35 0 27,620 24,945 2,680
Other 0 0 0 355 115 240
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other 0 0 0 350 115 240
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151 2,485 1,180 1,305 2,532,980 1,227,040 1,305,935
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152 1,215 615 595 915,015 465,250 449,765
Education 85 25 60 96,005 21,035 74,970
13. Education 85 25 60 96,010 21,035 74,975
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies 35 0 25 77,655 34,430 43,225
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services 0 0 0 12,710 9,580 3,130
50. Visual and performing arts 30 0 30 64,940 24,845 40,090
Humanities 20 10 15 93,605 35,490 58,115
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics 0 0 0 11,710 2,510 9,195
23. English language and literature/letters 10 0 10 25,665 7,810 17,850
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities 0 0 0 28,260 10,505 17,750
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153 0 0 0 425 170 255
38. Philosophy and religious studies 0 0 10 4,970 2,960 2,010
39. Theology and religious vocations 0 0 0 8,330 4,945 3,385
54. History 0 0 0 11,805 6,140 5,665
55. French language and literature/letters 0 0 0 2,445 455 2,000
Social and behavioural sciences and law 80 15 65 196,450 67,000 129,450
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies 0 0 0 3,460 845 2,615
09. Communication, journalism and related programs 0 0 0 19,685 6,940 12,750
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences 35 0 30 29,855 2,505 27,350
22. Legal professions and studies 10 0 10 31,190 9,665 21,525
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154 0 0 0 3,540 1,110 2,425
42. Psychology 10 0 10 33,055 8,845 24,210
45. Social sciences 25 10 15 75,665 37,095 38,575
Business, management and public administration 255 45 205 335,220 128,975 206,245
30.16 Accounting and computer science 0 0 0 540 170 365
44. Public administration and social service professions 35 0 30 20,695 4,240 16,455
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services 215 45 170 313,985 124,565 189,425
Physical and life sciences and technologies 25 0 20 63,705 32,325 31,385
26. Biological and biomedical sciences 10 10 0 28,505 12,595 15,915
30.01 Biological and physical sciences 0 0 0 13,825 6,570 7,260
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155 0 0 0 645 160 485
40. Physical sciences 0 10 0 18,525 12,250 6,270
41. Science technologies/technicians 10 0 10 2,210 750 1,460
Mathematics, computer and information sciences 15 10 0 68,660 44,820 23,840
11. Computer and information sciences and support services 10 10 0 56,390 39,660 16,725
25. Library science 0 0 0 3,830 545 3,290
27. Mathematics and statistics 10 0 0 7,760 4,185 3,570
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156 0 0 0 680 430 250
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies 355 335 20 310,855 277,375 33,475
04. Architecture and related services 0 0 0 12,110 7,240 4,875
14. Engineering 15 20 0 76,935 61,380 15,560
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields 70 55 15 48,690 42,285 6,405
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation 0 0 0 65 20 45
46. Construction trades 140 135 0 72,800 70,225 2,570
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians 95 95 0 69,025 66,545 2,480
48. Precision production 30 25 0 31,225 29,690 1,535
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation 45 20 30 39,360 23,810 15,555
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences 25 10 15 18,965 9,875 9,090
03. Natural resources and conservation 25 10 10 20,395 13,930 6,470
Health and related fields 240 35 210 244,975 50,520 194,460
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies 20 10 15 18,900 9,380 9,520
51. Health professions and related programs 225 30 195 219,800 37,800 182,000
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs 0 0 0 6,285 3,340 2,940
Personal, protective and transportation services 115 60 60 91,185 45,925 45,265
12. Personal and culinary services 80 20 60 58,820 18,880 39,945
28. Military science, leadership and operational art 0 0 0 195 165 30
29. Military technologies and applied sciences 0 0 0 570 505 65
43. Security and protective services 15 15 0 11,175 8,110 3,060
49. Transportation and materials moving 30 25 0 20,430 18,265 2,165
Other 0 0 0 275 85 185
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other 0 0 0 270 85 185
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157 4,075 1,925 2,150 3,870,380 1,882,770 1,987,610
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree 2,235 1,050 1,185 1,740,205 854,900 885,300
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158 1,840 870 960 2,130,175 1,027,870 1,102,305
Location of study inside Canada 1,690 800 885 1,625,550 785,340 840,205
Same as province or territory of residence 1,340 620 715 1,243,905 593,275 650,635
Different than province or territory of residence 350 175 170 381,645 192,070 189,575
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159 155 75 80 504,630 242,530 262,100
United StatesCensus data footnote 160 60 25 35 74,030 40,425 33,610
Philippines 10 0 0 56,845 20,455 36,395
India 0 0 0 44,115 22,045 22,065
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161 30 25 10 58,825 31,920 26,910
ChinaCensus data footnote 162 0 0 10 61,840 27,630 34,210
France 0 0 0 4,385 2,360 2,025
Other 45 25 25 204,580 97,700 106,885
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157 2,490 1,180 1,305 2,532,975 1,227,040 1,305,935
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree 1,215 615 600 915,015 465,250 449,765
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158 1,275 560 710 1,617,960 761,790 856,170
Location of study inside Canada 1,185 525 660 1,239,640 589,155 650,490
Same as province or territory of residence 950 400 550 970,485 454,780 515,700
Different than province or territory of residence 230 130 105 269,155 134,375 134,785
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159 90 40 55 378,325 172,640 205,685
United StatesCensus data footnote 160 25 10 20 50,095 26,175 23,920
Philippines 0 0 0 48,935 17,385 31,555
India 0 10 0 36,800 17,455 19,345
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161 10 10 0 32,890 17,360 15,530
ChinaCensus data footnote 162 10 0 0 53,570 23,445 30,125
France 0 0 0 3,505 1,885 1,615
Other 30 15 20 152,530 68,935 83,595
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163 4,075 1,925 2,150 3,870,375 1,882,770 1,987,610
In the labour force 2,290 1,180 1,110 2,471,665 1,285,835 1,185,830
Employed 2,140 1,080 1,060 2,305,690 1,194,455 1,111,240
Unemployed 150 100 50 165,975 91,385 74,590
Not in the labour force 1,785 745 1,040 1,398,710 596,935 801,775
Participation rate 56.2 61.3 51.6 63.9 68.3 59.7
Employment rate 52.5 56.1 49.3 59.6 63.4 55.9
Unemployment rate 6.6 8.5 4.5 6.7 7.1 6.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164 4,080 1,925 2,150 3,870,375 1,882,770 1,987,605
Did not workCensus data footnote 165 1,575 665 910 1,290,235 547,350 742,885
Worked 2,500 1,265 1,240 2,580,140 1,335,420 1,244,720
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166 1,215 670 545 1,183,405 675,950 507,460
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167 1,285 595 695 1,396,735 659,470 737,260
Average weeks worked in reference year 41.6 42.1 41.0 41.8 42.4 41.1
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168 2,290 1,180 1,110 2,471,670 1,285,840 1,185,835
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169 45 25 20 43,805 21,245 22,555
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170 2,245 1,160 1,090 2,427,860 1,264,585 1,163,275
Employee 1,965 995 965 2,084,470 1,054,630 1,029,840
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171 280 160 120 343,395 209,955 133,430
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172 2,290 1,180 1,110 2,471,665 1,285,835 1,185,830
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169 45 25 20 43,805 21,245 22,560
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170 2,245 1,155 1,090 2,427,860 1,264,585 1,163,270
0 Management occupations 205 105 100 275,000 168,820 106,180
1 Business, finance and administration occupations 280 75 205 368,940 106,205 262,740
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations 85 65 20 161,520 127,060 34,460
3 Health occupations 160 10 150 162,865 35,775 127,095
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services 200 60 145 269,255 87,765 181,485
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport 35 10 35 93,100 44,855 48,245
6 Sales and service occupations 605 265 335 595,225 251,490 343,735
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations 430 410 20 360,970 339,660 21,315
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations 80 50 35 64,235 47,530 16,700
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities 165 115 50 76,745 55,430 21,315
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173 2,290 1,180 1,110 2,471,665 1,285,835 1,185,830
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169 45 25 20 43,805 21,250 22,555
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170 2,245 1,155 1,090 2,427,865 1,264,590 1,163,270
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting 65 40 25 65,205 42,840 22,360
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction 25 25 10 25,920 21,810 4,115
22 Utilities 40 35 0 12,445 8,915 3,535
23 Construction 190 180 15 199,985 175,195 24,790
31-33 Manufacturing 315 220 95 157,560 113,945 43,615
41 Wholesale trade 80 45 35 82,105 55,530 26,580
44-45 Retail trade 350 175 170 283,135 129,985 153,150
48-49 Transportation and warehousing 80 70 10 128,400 98,580 29,815
51 Information and cultural industries 20 15 10 67,225 41,065 26,155
52 Finance and insurance 65 20 50 93,805 38,430 55,380
53 Real estate and rental and leasing 35 30 10 54,995 29,515 25,475
54 Professional, scientific and technical services 100 35 60 196,670 107,680 88,990
55 Management of companies and enterprises 0 0 0 4,320 1,975 2,345
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services 25 10 20 109,095 62,325 46,775
61 Educational services 110 45 60 173,820 56,455 117,365
62 Health care and social assistance 270 20 250 270,855 52,320 218,530
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation 45 10 35 57,940 29,050 28,895
72 Accommodation and food services 160 75 85 207,045 86,555 120,490
81 Other services (except public administration) 150 50 100 112,335 47,960 64,375
91 Public administration 110 55 55 125,000 64,450 60,545
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174 2,140 1,080 1,060 2,305,690 1,194,455 1,111,240
Worked at home 125 75 45 196,510 95,515 100,990
Worked outside Canada 10 10 10 16,040 11,285 4,760
No fixed workplace address 230 165 65 326,180 243,130 83,050
Worked at usual place 1,780 840 940 1,766,965 844,520 922,440
Commuting destinationThe letter C inside a yellow triangle - correctionUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data 1,780 835 940 1,766,965 844,520 922,440
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence 700 340 355 864,410 382,105 482,305
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence 930 400 535 807,840 405,435 402,400
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence 140 90 50 81,750 47,820 33,930
Commute to a different province or territory 10 10 0 12,965 9,160 3,805
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175 2,005 1,000 1,010 2,093,145 1,087,655 1,005,490
Car, truck, van - as a driver 1,665 830 835 1,475,585 803,485 672,095
Car, truck, van - as a passenger 85 45 45 114,580 49,075 65,500
Public transit 30 10 15 274,205 117,830 156,375
Walked 180 80 105 142,310 62,395 79,920
Bicycle 25 20 10 51,350 32,665 18,680
Other method 20 20 0 35,115 22,195 12,915
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176 2,010 1,000 1,005 2,093,140 1,087,650 1,005,490
Less than 15 minutes 800 410 395 601,950 276,005 325,950
15 to 29 minutes 785 355 425 689,520 353,590 335,925
30 to 44 minutes 270 130 145 425,680 237,995 187,685
45 to 59 minutes 75 45 30 184,690 104,220 80,465
60 minutes and over 85 65 20 191,305 115,840 75,470
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177 2,010 1,000 1,010 2,093,140 1,087,650 1,005,490
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m. 235 150 85 142,370 101,315 41,050
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m. 385 245 140 342,500 214,795 127,700
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m. 545 245 300 526,485 271,110 255,375
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m. 360 155 205 470,210 202,910 267,295
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m. 185 45 140 292,185 125,470 166,715
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m. 295 160 140 319,400 172,045 147,355
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178 2,550 1,275 1,270 2,670,700 1,378,580 1,292,120
Single responses 2,545 1,270 1,270 2,622,495 1,354,780 1,267,710
Official languages 2,545 1,270 1,270 2,537,990 1,309,980 1,228,015
English 2,540 1,265 1,270 2,531,850 1,308,325 1,223,530
French 0 0 0 6,140 1,660 4,485
Non-official languages 10 0 0 84,500 44,805 39,705
Aboriginal languages 0 0 0 260 75 180
Algonquian languages 0 0 0 15 0 10
Blackfoot 0 0 0 0 0 10
Cree-Montagnais languages 0 0 0 10 0 10
Atikamekw 0 0 0 0 0 0
Montagnais (Innu) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Moose Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0
Naskapi 0 0 0 0 0 0
Northern East Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0
Plains Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0
Southern East Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0
Swampy Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0
Woods Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0
Cree, n.o.s. 0 0 0 10 0 0
Eastern Algonquian languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Malecite 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mi'kmaq 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Algonquin 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ojibway 0 0 0 0 0 0
Oji-Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ottawa (Odawa) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Athabaskan languages 0 0 0 45 15 30
Northern Athabaskan languages 0 0 0 45 15 30
Babine (Wetsuwet'en) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Beaver 0 0 0 0 0 0
Carrier 0 0 0 20 0 15
Chilcotin 0 0 0 20 10 10
Dene 0 0 0 0 0 0
Dogrib (Tlicho) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Gwich'in 0 0 0 0 0 0
Sarsi (Sarcee) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Sekani 0 0 0 0 0 0
Slavey-Hare languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
North Slavey (Hare) 0 0 0 0 0 0
South Slavey 0 0 0 0 0 0
Slavey, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tahltan languages 0 0 0 10 0 0
Kaska (Nahani) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tahltan 0 0 0 10 0 0
Tutchone languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Northern Tutchone 0 0 0 0 0 0
Southern Tutchone 0 0 0 0 0 0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Haida 0 0 0 0 0 10
Inuit languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Inuktitut 0 0 0 0 0 0
Inuit languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Iroquoian languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Cayuga 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mohawk 0 0 0 0 0 0
Oneida 0 0 0 0 0 0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Kutenai 0 0 0 0 0 0
Michif 0 0 0 0 0 0
Salish languages 0 0 0 110 30 85
Comox 0 0 0 10 0 10
Halkomelem 0 0 0 15 0 15
Lillooet 0 0 0 15 0 0
Okanagan 0 0 0 20 0 20
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin) 0 0 0 30 10 25
Squamish 0 0 0 0 0 0
Straits 0 0 0 15 0 10
Thompson (Ntlakapamux) 0 0 0 0 0 10
Salish languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Siouan languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Dakota 0 0 0 0 0 0
Stoney 0 0 0 0 0 0
Siouan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tlingit 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tsimshian languages 0 0 0 25 10 20
Gitxsan (Gitksan) 0 0 0 15 0 0
Nisga'a 0 0 0 10 10 10
Tsimshian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Wakashan languages 0 0 0 30 10 20
Haisla 0 0 0 10 0 10
Heiltsuk 0 0 0 0 0 0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala) 0 0 0 10 10 10
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka) 0 0 0 10 10 10
Wakashan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s. 0 0 0 15 10 0
Non-Aboriginal languages 0 0 10 84,245 44,730 39,520
Afro-Asiatic languages 0 0 0 440 295 145
Berber languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Kabyle 0 0 0 0 0 0
Berber languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Cushitic languages 0 0 0 0 0 10
Bilen 0 0 0 0 0 0
Oromo 0 0 0 0 0 0
Somali 0 0 0 10 0 10
Cushitic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Semitic languages 0 0 0 435 295 135
Amharic 0 0 0 15 15 0
Arabic 0 0 0 320 235 85
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic 0 0 0 25 20 10
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic 0 0 0 0 0 0
Harari 0 0 0 0 0 0
Hebrew 0 0 0 75 30 50
Maltese 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tigrigna 0 0 0 0 0 0
Semitic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Austro-Asiatic languages 0 0 0 2,505 1,165 1,345
Khmer (Cambodian) 0 0 0 45 30 20
Vietnamese 0 0 0 2,460 1,140 1,325
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e 0 0 0 0 0 0
Austronesian languages 0 0 0 825 385 440
Bikol 0 0 0 0 0 0
Cebuano 0 0 0 20 0 20
Fijian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Hiligaynon 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ilocano 0 0 0 30 15 20
Malagasy 0 0 0 0 0 0
Malay 0 0 0 65 35 20
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Pangasinan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino) 0 0 0 695 320 375
Waray-Waray 0 0 0 0 0 0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 20 15 10
Creole languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Haitian Creole 0 0 0 0 0 0
Creole, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Creole languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Dravidian languages 0 0 0 30 15 20
Kannada 0 0 0 0 0 0
Malayalam 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tamil 0 0 0 30 10 15
Telugu 0 0 0 0 0 0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Hmong-Mien languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Indo-European languages 10 0 10 23,765 13,305 10,460
Albanian 0 0 0 15 15 0
Armenian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Balto-Slavic languages 0 0 0 950 440 510
Baltic languages 0 0 0 10 10 0
Latvian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Lithuanian 0 0 0 10 0 0
Slavic languages 0 0 0 935 435 500
Belarusan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Bosnian 0 0 0 15 0 10
Bulgarian 0 0 0 10 0 10
Croatian 0 0 0 30 10 25
Czech 0 0 0 40 20 10
Macedonian 0 0 0 0 0 10
Polish 0 0 0 115 50 70
Russian 0 0 0 565 255 315
Serbian 0 0 0 95 55 40
Serbo-Croatian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Slovak 0 0 0 15 10 0
Slovene (Slovenian) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ukrainian 0 0 0 40 25 15
Slavic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Celtic languages 0 0 0 10 10 0
Scottish Gaelic 0 0 0 10 10 0
Welsh 0 0 0 0 0 0
Celtic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Germanic languages 0 0 0 805 465 335
Afrikaans 0 0 0 15 10 0
Danish 0 0 0 15 15 0
Dutch 0 0 0 120 70 45
Frisian 0 0 0 0 0 0
German 0 0 0 590 330 260
Icelandic 0 0 0 0 0 0
Norwegian 0 0 0 15 10 10
Swedish 0 0 0 25 20 10
Vlaams (Flemish) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Yiddish 0 0 0 10 10 10
Germanic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Greek 0 0 0 55 25 30
Indo-Iranian languages 0 0 0 19,805 11,280 8,535
Indo-Aryan languages 10 0 0 18,715 10,560 8,160
Bengali 0 0 0 15 15 0
Gujarati 0 0 0 35 15 25
Hindi 0 0 0 300 185 110
Kashmiri 0 0 0 0 0 0
Konkani 0 0 0 0 0 0
Marathi 0 0 0 0 0 0
Nepali 0 0 0 20 10 10
Oriya (Odia) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Punjabi (Panjabi) 0 10 0 18,295 10,310 7,985
Sindhi 0 0 0 0 0 10
Sinhala (Sinhalese) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Urdu 0 0 0 45 25 25
Iranian languages 0 0 0 1,085 720 365
Kurdish 0 0 0 25 25 0
Pashto 0 0 0 0 0 0
Persian (Farsi) 0 0 0 1,060 700 360
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Italic (Romance) languages 0 0 0 2,140 1,085 1,060
Catalan 0 0 0 10 10 0
Italian 0 0 0 110 50 60
Portuguese 0 0 0 515 255 260
Romanian 0 0 0 70 45 25
Spanish 0 0 0 1,435 725 710
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 10 0 0
Japanese 0 0 0 1,730 650 1,080
Kartvelian languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Georgian 0 0 0 10 10 0
Korean 0 0 0 5,585 3,005 2,585
Mongolic languages 0 0 0 10 10 0
Mongolian 0 0 0 10 10 0
Niger-Congo languages 0 0 0 10 15 0
Akan (Twi) 0 0 0 10 0 0
Bamanankan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Edo 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ewe 0 0 0 10 0 0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ga 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ganda 0 0 0 0 0 0
Igbo 0 0 0 0 0 0
Lingala 0 0 0 0 0 0
Rundi (Kirundi) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Shona 0 0 0 0 0 0
Swahili 0 0 0 0 0 0
Wolof 0 0 0 0 0 0
Yoruba 0 0 0 0 0 0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Nilo-Saharan languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Dinka 0 0 0 0 0 0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Sign languages 0 0 0 280 90 190
American Sign Language 0 0 0 215 45 165
Quebec Sign Language 0 0 0 0 0 0
Sign languages, n.i.e 0 0 0 70 45 25
Sino-Tibetan languages 0 0 0 48,735 25,645 23,085
Chinese languages 0 0 0 48,645 25,595 23,055
Cantonese 0 0 0 23,555 12,020 11,535
Hakka 0 0 0 15 0 10
Mandarin 0 0 0 23,835 12,935 10,900
Min Dong 0 0 0 0 0 0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese) 0 0 0 210 120 85
Wu (Shanghainese) 0 0 0 50 25 20
Chinese, n.o.s. 0 0 0 985 485 500
Chinese languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tibeto-Burman languages 0 0 0 85 50 30
Burmese 0 0 0 25 15 15
Karenic languages 0 0 0 55 35 15
Tibetan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tai-Kadai languages 0 0 0 170 65 110
Lao 0 0 0 10 0 10
Thai 0 0 0 165 65 105
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e 0 0 0 0 0 0
Turkic languages 0 0 0 65 50 15
Azerbaijani 0 0 0 0 10 0
Turkish 0 0 0 55 40 15
Uyghur 0 0 0 0 10 0
Uzbek 0 0 0 0 0 0
Turkic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Uralic languages 0 0 0 45 20 25
Estonian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Finnish 0 0 0 25 10 15
Hungarian 0 0 0 25 10 15
Uralic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Other languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 35 20 20
Multiple responses 0 0 0 48,205 23,795 24,410
English and French 10 10 0 4,210 1,865 2,345
English and non-official language 0 0 0 43,480 21,760 21,720
French and non-official language 0 0 0 55 30 25
English, French and non-official language 0 0 0 465 145 320
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179 2,550 1,280 1,270 2,670,700 1,378,580 1,292,120
None 2,530 1,270 1,260 2,498,070 1,293,650 1,204,420
English 10 0 0 36,505 18,270 18,235
French 10 0 0 22,465 10,170 12,300
Non-official language 10 0 0 110,375 54,925 55,455
Aboriginal 0 0 0 1,860 630 1,225
Non-Aboriginal 0 0 10 108,515 54,295 54,225
English and French 0 0 0 60 40 15
English and non-official language 0 0 0 1,155 545 610
French and non-official language 0 0 0 2,070 980 1,090
English, French and non-official language 0 0 0 10 0 0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180 4,890 2,335 2,555 4,516,810 2,215,515 2,301,295
Non-movers 4,330 2,090 2,240 3,811,375 1,868,420 1,942,945
Movers 555 245 310 705,440 347,095 358,345
Non-migrants 210 95 110 386,620 189,765 196,855
Migrants 350 150 200 318,825 157,335 161,490
Internal migrants 340 145 195 249,960 123,425 126,540
Intraprovincial migrants 280 120 160 188,225 92,150 96,070
Interprovincial migrants 65 25 35 61,740 31,275 30,465
External migrants 10 0 10 68,860 33,910 34,950
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181 4,675 2,215 2,460 4,339,960 2,124,780 2,215,180
Non-movers 2,845 1,315 1,530 2,490,535 1,220,635 1,269,905
Movers 1,830 900 925 1,849,425 904,145 945,275
Non-migrants 850 420 430 940,895 460,185 480,710
Migrants 980 480 500 908,535 443,965 464,570
Internal migrants 970 480 490 672,805 329,700 343,105
Intraprovincial migrants 740 370 375 503,685 245,895 257,795
Interprovincial migrants 225 110 115 169,115 83,805 85,310
External migrants 15 0 10 235,730 114,265 121,465

Source

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Armstrong, CY [Census subdivision], British Columbia and British Columbia [Province] (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed March 28, 2024).

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