Census Profile, 2016 Census
Ontario [Province] and Ontario [Province]

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic Ontario

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Ontario

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Total Male Female Total Male Female
Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1 13,448,494 ... ... 13,448,494 ... ...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1 12,851,821 ... ... 12,851,821 ... ...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016 4.6 ... ... 4.6 ... ...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2 5,598,391 ... ... 5,598,391 ... ...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3 5,169,174 ... ... 5,169,174 ... ...
Population density per square kilometre 14.8 ... ... 14.8 ... ...
Land area in square kilometres 908,699.33 ... ... 908,699.33 ... ...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4 13,448,495 6,559,390 6,889,105 13,448,495 6,559,390 6,889,105
0 to 14 years 2,207,970 1,131,615 1,076,350 2,207,970 1,131,615 1,076,350
0 to 4 years 697,360 357,300 340,055 697,360 357,300 340,055
5 to 9 years 756,085 387,320 368,765 756,085 387,320 368,765
10 to 14 years 754,530 387,000 367,530 754,530 387,000 367,530
15 to 64 years 8,988,865 4,412,115 4,576,750 8,988,865 4,412,115 4,576,750
15 to 19 years 811,670 416,730 394,945 811,670 416,730 394,945
20 to 24 years 894,390 457,815 436,570 894,390 457,815 436,570
25 to 29 years 874,350 436,345 438,010 874,350 436,345 438,010
30 to 34 years 864,765 420,800 443,965 864,765 420,800 443,965
35 to 39 years 842,485 402,900 439,585 842,485 402,900 439,585
40 to 44 years 871,875 418,465 453,415 871,875 418,465 453,415
45 to 49 years 937,385 453,105 484,275 937,385 453,105 484,275
50 to 54 years 1,056,345 517,170 539,175 1,056,345 517,170 539,175
55 to 59 years 989,460 482,280 507,180 989,460 482,280 507,180
60 to 64 years 846,145 406,505 439,640 846,145 406,505 439,640
65 years and over 2,251,655 1,015,655 1,236,000 2,251,655 1,015,655 1,236,000
65 to 69 years 737,745 352,475 385,270 737,745 352,475 385,270
70 to 74 years 528,645 250,455 278,185 528,645 250,455 278,185
75 to 79 years 393,010 179,810 213,195 393,010 179,810 213,195
80 to 84 years 291,185 126,825 164,360 291,185 126,825 164,360
85 years and over 301,075 106,090 194,985 301,075 106,090 194,985
85 to 89 years 188,470 73,045 115,425 188,470 73,045 115,425
90 to 94 years 88,390 27,400 60,990 88,390 27,400 60,990
95 to 99 years 21,210 5,150 16,060 21,210 5,150 16,060
100 years and over 3,005 495 2,520 3,005 495 2,520
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
0 to 14 years 16.4 17.3 15.6 16.4 17.3 15.6
15 to 64 years 66.8 67.3 66.4 66.8 67.3 66.4
65 years and over 16.7 15.5 17.9 16.7 15.5 17.9
85 years and over 2.2 1.6 2.8 2.2 1.6 2.8
Average age of the population 41.0 40.0 41.9 41.0 40.0 41.9
Median age of the population 41.3 40.2 42.4 41.3 40.2 42.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5 5,169,175 ... ... 5,169,175 ... ...
Single-detached house 2,807,380 ... ... 2,807,380 ... ...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys 886,705 ... ... 886,705 ... ...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6 1,460,200 ... ... 1,460,200 ... ...
Semi-detached house 289,975 ... ... 289,975 ... ...
Row house 460,425 ... ... 460,425 ... ...
Apartment or flat in a duplex 176,080 ... ... 176,080 ... ...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys 522,810 ... ... 522,810 ... ...
Other single-attached house 10,910 ... ... 10,910 ... ...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7 14,890 ... ... 14,890 ... ...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8 5,169,170 ... ... 5,169,170 ... ...
1 person 1,341,300 ... ... 1,341,300 ... ...
2 persons 1,693,525 ... ... 1,693,525 ... ...
3 persons 834,260 ... ... 834,260 ... ...
4 persons 796,320 ... ... 796,320 ... ...
5 or more persons 503,775 ... ... 503,775 ... ...
Number of persons in private households 13,242,160 ... ... 13,242,160 ... ...
Average household size 2.6 ... ... 2.6 ... ...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9 11,240,525 5,427,775 5,812,750 11,240,525 5,427,775 5,812,750
Married or living common law 6,438,085 3,219,290 3,218,795 6,438,085 3,219,290 3,218,795
Married 5,531,930 2,764,275 2,767,655 5,531,930 2,764,275 2,767,655
Living common law 906,155 455,015 451,145 906,155 455,015 451,145
Not married and not living common law 4,802,440 2,208,485 2,593,955 4,802,440 2,208,485 2,593,955
Never married 3,182,785 1,689,180 1,493,605 3,182,785 1,689,180 1,493,605
Separated 328,675 138,140 190,535 328,675 138,140 190,535
Divorced 653,835 252,900 400,935 653,835 252,900 400,935
Widowed 637,150 128,265 508,880 637,150 128,265 508,880
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10 3,782,540 ... ... 3,782,540 ... ...
2 persons 1,815,000 ... ... 1,815,000 ... ...
3 persons 844,545 ... ... 844,545 ... ...
4 persons 792,435 ... ... 792,435 ... ...
5 or more persons 330,560 ... ... 330,560 ... ...
Average size of census families 2.9 ... ... 2.9 ... ...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11 3,782,545 ... ... 3,782,545 ... ...
Total couple families 3,137,570 ... ... 3,137,570 ... ...
Married couples 2,684,735 ... ... 2,684,735 ... ...
Common-law couples 452,840 ... ... 452,840 ... ...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent 644,975 ... ... 644,975 ... ...
Female parent 518,480 ... ... 518,480 ... ...
Male parent 126,495 ... ... 126,495 ... ...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data 3,137,565 ... ... 3,137,565 ... ...
Couples without children 1,428,575 ... ... 1,428,575 ... ...
Couples with children 1,708,995 ... ... 1,708,995 ... ...
1 child 658,305 ... ... 658,305 ... ...
2 children 738,710 ... ... 738,710 ... ...
3 or more children 311,975 ... ... 311,975 ... ...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data 644,975 ... ... 644,975 ... ...
1 child 386,425 ... ... 386,425 ... ...
2 children 186,240 ... ... 186,240 ... ...
3 or more children 72,310 ... ... 72,310 ... ...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data 2,139,825 990,525 1,149,300 2,139,825 990,525 1,149,300
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12 5,169,175 ... ... 5,169,175 ... ...
One-census-family households 3,481,885 ... ... 3,481,885 ... ...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13 1,311,575 ... ... 1,311,575 ... ...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14 2,170,315 ... ... 2,170,315 ... ...
Multiple-census-family households 145,615 ... ... 145,615 ... ...
Non-census-family households 1,541,665 ... ... 1,541,665 ... ...
One-person households 1,341,305 ... ... 1,341,305 ... ...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households 200,365 ... ... 200,365 ... ...
Knowledge of official languagesThe letter C inside a yellow triangle - correctionUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15 13,312,865 6,503,875 6,808,990 13,312,865 6,503,875 6,808,990
English only 11,455,500 5,689,830 5,765,665 11,455,500 5,689,830 5,765,665
French only 40,040 17,340 22,705 40,040 17,340 22,705
English and French 1,490,390 665,850 824,540 1,490,390 665,850 824,540
Neither English nor French 326,935 130,850 196,085 326,935 130,850 196,085
First official language spokenThe letter C inside a yellow triangle - correctionUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16 13,312,865 6,503,880 6,808,995 13,312,865 6,503,880 6,808,995
English 12,394,325 6,095,970 6,298,355 12,394,325 6,095,970 6,298,355
French 504,130 236,875 267,250 504,130 236,875 267,250
English and French 92,940 42,910 50,030 92,940 42,910 50,030
Neither English nor French 321,480 128,125 193,355 321,480 128,125 193,355
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17 550,600 258,330 292,270 550,600 258,330 292,270
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17 4.1 4.0 4.3 4.1 4.0 4.3
Mother tongueThe letter C inside a yellow triangle - correctionUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18 13,312,870 6,503,875 6,808,990 13,312,870 6,503,875 6,808,990
Single responses 12,946,960 6,327,630 6,619,330 12,946,960 6,327,630 6,619,330
Official languages 9,393,040 4,637,520 4,755,520 9,393,040 4,637,520 4,755,520
English 8,902,320 4,406,210 4,496,110 8,902,320 4,406,210 4,496,110
French 490,715 231,310 259,410 490,715 231,310 259,410
Non-official languages 3,553,920 1,690,110 1,863,810 3,553,920 1,690,110 1,863,810
Aboriginal languages 22,765 10,815 11,950 22,765 10,815 11,950
Algonquian languages 21,235 10,175 11,060 21,235 10,175 11,060
Blackfoot 10 5 5 10 5 5
Cree-Montagnais languages 5,080 2,485 2,595 5,080 2,485 2,595
Atikamekw 5 0 0 5 0 0
Montagnais (Innu) 5 5 5 5 5 5
Moose Cree 85 40 45 85 40 45
Naskapi 10 5 5 10 5 5
Northern East Cree 55 25 30 55 25 30
Plains Cree 35 5 30 35 5 30
Southern East Cree 5 0 0 5 0 0
Swampy Cree 355 135 225 355 135 225
Woods Cree 15 10 5 15 10 5
Cree, n.o.s. 4,500 2,255 2,245 4,500 2,255 2,245
Eastern Algonquian languages 90 40 50 90 40 50
Malecite 10 5 0 10 5 0
Mi'kmaq 85 35 50 85 35 50
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages 16,025 7,620 8,400 16,025 7,620 8,400
Algonquin 65 30 35 65 30 35
Ojibway 9,505 4,515 4,985 9,505 4,515 4,985
Oji-Cree 6,310 3,015 3,300 6,310 3,015 3,300
Ottawa (Odawa) 145 65 80 145 65 80
Algonquian languages, n.i.e. 30 20 10 30 20 10
Athabaskan languages 60 20 40 60 20 40
Northern Athabaskan languages 55 20 35 55 20 35
Babine (Wetsuwet'en) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Beaver 0 0 0 0 0 0
Carrier 5 0 5 5 0 5
Chilcotin 5 0 5 5 0 5
Dene 20 10 10 20 10 10
Dogrib (Tlicho) 5 5 5 5 5 5
Gwich'in 0 0 0 0 0 0
Sarsi (Sarcee) 10 0 5 10 0 5
Sekani 0 0 0 0 0 0
Slavey-Hare languages 5 5 0 5 5 0
North Slavey (Hare) 0 0 0 0 0 0
South Slavey 0 0 0 0 0 0
Slavey, n.o.s. 0 0 5 0 0 5
Tahltan languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Kaska (Nahani) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tahltan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tutchone languages 0 0 5 0 0 5
Northern Tutchone 0 0 0 0 0 0
Southern Tutchone 0 0 0 0 0 0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e. 5 0 5 5 0 5
Haida 0 5 0 0 5 0
Inuit languages 475 165 305 475 165 305
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun) 5 5 5 5 5 5
Inuktitut 425 145 280 425 145 280
Inuit languages, n.i.e. 45 20 25 45 20 25
Iroquoian languages 710 300 410 710 300 410
Cayuga 40 20 20 40 20 20
Mohawk 590 255 335 590 255 335
Oneida 55 15 40 55 15 40
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e. 20 5 15 20 5 15
Kutenai 0 0 0 0 0 0
Michif 25 15 15 25 15 15
Salish languages 5 0 5 5 0 5
Comox 0 0 0 0 0 0
Halkomelem 0 0 0 0 0 0
Lillooet 0 0 0 0 0 0
Okanagan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin) 5 0 0 5 0 0
Squamish 0 0 0 0 0 0
Straits 0 0 0 0 0 0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Salish languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Siouan languages 10 5 5 10 5 5
Dakota 5 5 5 5 5 5
Stoney 0 0 0 0 0 0
Siouan languages, n.i.e. 10 5 5 10 5 5
Tlingit 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tsimshian languages 5 5 0 5 5 0
Gitxsan (Gitksan) 0 0 5 0 0 5
Nisga'a 5 0 0 5 0 0
Tsimshian 0 5 0 0 5 0
Wakashan languages 0 0 5 0 0 5
Haisla 0 0 0 0 0 0
Heiltsuk 0 0 0 0 0 0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka) 5 5 0 5 5 0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s. 235 130 105 235 130 105
Non-Aboriginal languages 3,531,160 1,679,300 1,851,865 3,531,160 1,679,300 1,851,865
Afro-Asiatic languages 253,830 127,720 126,110 253,830 127,720 126,110
Berber languages 725 405 320 725 405 320
Kabyle 425 225 200 425 225 200
Berber languages, n.i.e. 305 180 120 305 180 120
Cushitic languages 24,605 10,730 13,870 24,605 10,730 13,870
Bilen 250 140 110 250 140 110
Oromo 1,445 720 730 1,445 720 730
Somali 22,680 9,755 12,925 22,680 9,755 12,925
Cushitic languages, n.i.e. 225 115 110 225 115 110
Semitic languages 227,985 116,320 111,665 227,985 116,320 111,665
Amharic 10,720 4,960 5,760 10,720 4,960 5,760
Arabic 171,370 88,400 82,965 171,370 88,400 82,965
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic 14,555 7,135 7,420 14,555 7,135 7,420
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic 4,795 2,365 2,425 4,795 2,365 2,425
Harari 1,030 485 545 1,030 485 545
Hebrew 11,575 6,220 5,350 11,575 6,220 5,350
Maltese 5,175 2,575 2,600 5,175 2,575 2,600
Tigrigna 7,345 3,470 3,870 7,345 3,470 3,870
Semitic languages, n.i.e. 1,435 705 730 1,435 705 730
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e. 520 265 250 520 265 250
Austro-Asiatic languages 78,125 35,880 42,240 78,125 35,880 42,240
Khmer (Cambodian) 7,355 3,330 4,020 7,355 3,330 4,020
Vietnamese 70,690 32,520 38,165 70,690 32,520 38,165
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e 85 30 50 85 30 50
Austronesian languages 194,380 76,060 118,315 194,380 76,060 118,315
Bikol 595 260 330 595 260 330
Cebuano 6,545 2,500 4,045 6,545 2,500 4,045
Fijian 80 45 40 80 45 40
Hiligaynon 2,750 1,030 1,725 2,750 1,030 1,725
Ilocano 11,285 4,430 6,860 11,285 4,430 6,860
Malagasy 100 45 55 100 45 55
Malay 5,760 2,520 3,240 5,760 2,520 3,240
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango) 1,505 670 840 1,505 670 840
Pangasinan 535 215 315 535 215 315
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino) 163,415 63,665 99,755 163,415 63,665 99,755
Waray-Waray 405 140 270 405 140 270
Austronesian languages, n.i.e. 1,400 550 850 1,400 550 850
Creole languages 11,255 5,095 6,165 11,255 5,095 6,165
Haitian Creole 630 290 340 630 290 340
Creole, n.o.s. 8,025 3,580 4,440 8,025 3,580 4,440
Creole languages, n.i.e. 2,605 1,225 1,380 2,605 1,225 1,380
Dravidian languages 148,605 73,530 75,075 148,605 73,530 75,075
Kannada 2,670 1,365 1,305 2,670 1,365 1,305
Malayalam 17,140 8,795 8,350 17,140 8,795 8,350
Tamil 117,630 57,310 60,320 117,630 57,310 60,320
Telugu 10,820 5,895 4,925 10,820 5,895 4,925
Dravidian languages, n.i.e. 340 165 175 340 165 175
Hmong-Mien languages 525 250 270 525 250 270
Indo-European languages 2,024,365 980,200 1,044,165 2,024,365 980,200 1,044,165
Albanian 19,045 9,535 9,510 19,045 9,535 9,510
Armenian 15,070 7,305 7,765 15,070 7,305 7,765
Balto-Slavic languages 410,725 188,695 222,025 410,725 188,695 222,025
Baltic languages 9,080 3,785 5,295 9,080 3,785 5,295
Latvian 3,910 1,650 2,260 3,910 1,650 2,260
Lithuanian 5,175 2,135 3,035 5,175 2,135 3,035
Slavic languages 401,645 184,915 216,730 401,645 184,915 216,730
Belarusan 515 230 280 515 230 280
Bosnian 6,370 3,125 3,245 6,370 3,125 3,245
Bulgarian 9,095 4,355 4,740 9,095 4,355 4,740
Croatian 31,875 15,460 16,410 31,875 15,460 16,410
Czech 10,670 4,930 5,740 10,670 4,930 5,740
Macedonian 15,635 7,470 8,165 15,635 7,470 8,165
Polish 121,075 54,675 66,405 121,075 54,675 66,405
Russian 101,100 45,630 55,470 101,100 45,630 55,470
Serbian 41,740 20,585 21,150 41,740 20,585 21,150
Serbo-Croatian 4,875 2,310 2,570 4,875 2,310 2,570
Slovak 10,280 4,710 5,565 10,280 4,710 5,565
Slovene (Slovenian) 6,740 2,995 3,745 6,740 2,995 3,745
Ukrainian 40,375 17,760 22,610 40,375 17,760 22,610
Slavic languages, n.i.e. 1,310 670 635 1,310 670 635
Celtic languages 1,110 505 605 1,110 505 605
Scottish Gaelic 450 210 240 450 210 240
Welsh 435 180 260 435 180 260
Celtic languages, n.i.e. 225 120 110 225 120 110
Germanic languages 200,640 94,475 106,165 200,640 94,475 106,165
Afrikaans 2,295 1,125 1,170 2,295 1,125 1,170
Danish 4,265 2,010 2,250 4,265 2,010 2,250
Dutch 51,720 24,875 26,840 51,720 24,875 26,840
Frisian 1,240 630 620 1,240 630 620
German 131,525 61,520 70,005 131,525 61,520 70,005
Icelandic 210 100 110 210 100 110
Norwegian 940 405 540 940 405 540
Swedish 2,395 1,040 1,350 2,395 1,040 1,350
Vlaams (Flemish) 2,150 925 1,225 2,150 925 1,225
Yiddish 3,735 1,765 1,970 3,735 1,765 1,970
Germanic languages, n.i.e. 170 80 85 170 80 85
Greek 55,415 27,305 28,110 55,415 27,305 28,110
Indo-Iranian languages 707,845 357,350 350,495 707,845 357,350 350,495
Indo-Aryan languages 565,600 285,720 279,875 565,600 285,720 279,875
Bengali 46,810 23,615 23,195 46,810 23,615 23,195
Gujarati 76,675 38,740 37,940 76,675 38,740 37,940
Hindi 58,735 29,805 28,930 58,735 29,805 28,930
Kashmiri 345 170 175 345 170 175
Konkani 2,510 1,195 1,315 2,510 1,195 1,315
Marathi 5,490 2,805 2,685 5,490 2,805 2,685
Nepali 7,870 3,915 3,960 7,870 3,915 3,960
Oriya (Odia) 715 380 335 715 380 335
Punjabi (Panjabi) 197,060 100,160 96,895 197,060 100,160 96,895
Sindhi 6,840 3,225 3,615 6,840 3,225 3,615
Sinhala (Sinhalese) 10,165 4,925 5,235 10,165 4,925 5,235
Urdu 152,385 76,795 75,595 152,385 76,795 75,595
Iranian languages 139,675 70,270 69,405 139,675 70,270 69,405
Kurdish 6,665 3,615 3,050 6,665 3,615 3,050
Pashto 10,950 5,630 5,315 10,950 5,630 5,315
Persian (Farsi) 122,070 61,025 61,040 122,070 61,025 61,040
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e. 2,565 1,350 1,215 2,565 1,350 1,215
Italic (Romance) languages 614,525 295,030 319,490 614,525 295,030 319,490
Catalan 285 150 135 285 150 135
Italian 231,040 112,440 118,600 231,040 112,440 118,600
Portuguese 150,000 72,280 77,715 150,000 72,280 77,715
Romanian 41,755 19,565 22,190 41,755 19,565 22,190
Spanish 191,025 90,390 100,630 191,025 90,390 100,630
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e. 420 200 215 420 200 215
Japanese 13,260 4,590 8,670 13,260 4,590 8,670
Kartvelian languages 1,200 635 565 1,200 635 565
Georgian 1,200 635 565 1,200 635 565
Korean 69,775 32,035 37,740 69,775 32,035 37,740
Mongolic languages 405 180 220 405 180 220
Mongolian 405 180 225 405 180 225
Niger-Congo languages 35,760 16,705 19,050 35,760 16,705 19,050
Akan (Twi) 9,695 4,510 5,190 9,695 4,510 5,190
Bamanankan 140 60 80 140 60 80
Edo 1,140 475 670 1,140 475 670
Ewe 560 270 295 560 270 295
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde) 365 180 185 365 180 185
Ga 600 275 325 600 275 325
Ganda 760 360 400 760 360 400
Igbo 2,090 1,080 1,010 2,090 1,080 1,010
Lingala 850 365 485 850 365 485
Rundi (Kirundi) 1,430 640 785 1,430 640 785
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda) 1,330 545 785 1,330 545 785
Shona 1,455 660 790 1,455 660 790
Swahili 5,525 2,540 2,985 5,525 2,540 2,985
Wolof 290 145 150 290 145 150
Yoruba 4,365 2,260 2,105 4,365 2,260 2,105
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e. 5,155 2,345 2,810 5,155 2,345 2,810
Nilo-Saharan languages 1,610 810 800 1,610 810 800
Dinka 345 170 175 345 170 175
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e. 1,260 635 625 1,260 635 625
Sign languages 3,030 1,570 1,455 3,030 1,570 1,455
American Sign Language 1,305 640 670 1,305 640 670
Quebec Sign Language 20 10 15 20 10 15
Sign languages, n.i.e 1,700 925 780 1,700 925 780
Sino-Tibetan languages 611,795 284,865 326,935 611,795 284,865 326,935
Chinese languages 602,610 280,340 322,270 602,610 280,340 322,270
Cantonese 275,315 128,090 147,220 275,315 128,090 147,220
Hakka 6,985 3,140 3,840 6,985 3,140 3,840
Mandarin 283,735 132,275 151,460 283,735 132,275 151,460
Min Dong 855 405 450 855 405 450
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese) 13,545 6,240 7,300 13,545 6,240 7,300
Wu (Shanghainese) 6,300 2,825 3,470 6,300 2,825 3,470
Chinese, n.o.s. 15,645 7,235 8,410 15,645 7,235 8,410
Chinese languages, n.i.e. 240 120 120 240 120 120
Tibeto-Burman languages 9,185 4,520 4,660 9,185 4,520 4,660
Burmese 1,640 775 865 1,640 775 865
Karenic languages 1,730 865 860 1,730 865 860
Tibetan 5,115 2,530 2,585 5,115 2,530 2,585
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e. 700 345 350 700 345 350
Tai-Kadai languages 8,485 3,535 4,945 8,485 3,535 4,945
Lao 5,190 2,480 2,710 5,190 2,480 2,710
Thai 3,270 1,045 2,220 3,270 1,045 2,220
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e 25 10 15 25 10 15
Turkic languages 22,615 11,745 10,870 22,615 11,745 10,870
Azerbaijani 1,990 1,070 920 1,990 1,070 920
Turkish 18,415 9,610 8,810 18,415 9,610 8,810
Uyghur 515 255 260 515 255 260
Uzbek 1,055 515 545 1,055 515 545
Turkic languages, n.i.e. 640 295 345 640 295 345
Uralic languages 50,670 23,095 27,570 50,670 23,095 27,570
Estonian 4,205 1,810 2,400 4,205 1,810 2,400
Finnish 9,720 4,140 5,580 9,720 4,140 5,580
Hungarian 36,740 17,150 19,590 36,740 17,150 19,590
Uralic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Other languages, n.i.e. 1,475 780 690 1,475 780 690
Multiple responses 365,910 176,250 189,660 365,910 176,250 189,660
English and French 54,045 25,165 28,880 54,045 25,165 28,880
English and non-official language 288,285 140,345 147,940 288,285 140,345 147,940
French and non-official language 12,565 5,735 6,830 12,565 5,735 6,830
English, French and non-official language 11,010 5,000 6,005 11,010 5,000 6,005
Language spoken most often at homeThe letter C inside a yellow triangle - correctionUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19 13,312,865 6,503,875 6,808,990 13,312,865 6,503,875 6,808,990
Single responses 12,522,045 6,123,955 6,398,085 12,522,045 6,123,955 6,398,085
Official languages 10,605,725 5,214,425 5,391,300 10,605,725 5,214,425 5,391,300
English 10,328,680 5,084,885 5,243,800 10,328,680 5,084,885 5,243,800
French 277,045 129,540 147,500 277,045 129,540 147,500
Non-official languages 1,916,315 909,530 1,006,780 1,916,315 909,530 1,006,780
Aboriginal languages 9,210 4,600 4,610 9,210 4,600 4,610
Algonquian languages 8,685 4,370 4,320 8,685 4,370 4,320
Blackfoot 0 0 0 0 0 0
Cree-Montagnais languages 2,370 1,205 1,165 2,370 1,205 1,165
Atikamekw 0 0 0 0 0 0
Montagnais (Innu) 5 5 5 5 5 5
Moose Cree 10 10 5 10 10 5
Naskapi 10 5 5 10 5 5
Northern East Cree 20 10 15 20 10 15
Plains Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0
Southern East Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0
Swampy Cree 105 50 55 105 50 55
Woods Cree 5 5 0 5 5 0
Cree, n.o.s. 2,220 1,135 1,085 2,220 1,135 1,085
Eastern Algonquian languages 5 5 5 5 5 5
Malecite 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mi'kmaq 5 5 0 5 5 0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages 6,305 3,155 3,145 6,305 3,155 3,145
Algonquin 5 0 0 5 0 0
Ojibway 3,315 1,695 1,620 3,315 1,695 1,620
Oji-Cree 2,905 1,420 1,490 2,905 1,420 1,490
Ottawa (Odawa) 75 40 35 75 40 35
Algonquian languages, n.i.e. 5 0 0 5 0 0
Athabaskan languages 20 10 10 20 10 10
Northern Athabaskan languages 15 10 10 15 10 10
Babine (Wetsuwet'en) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Beaver 0 0 0 0 0 0
Carrier 0 5 0 0 5 0
Chilcotin 0 0 0 0 0 0
Dene 5 0 5 5 0 5
Dogrib (Tlicho) 0 0 5 0 0 5
Gwich'in 5 0 0 5 0 0
Sarsi (Sarcee) 5 5 0 5 5 0
Sekani 0 0 0 0 0 0
Slavey-Hare languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
North Slavey (Hare) 0 0 0 0 0 0
South Slavey 0 0 0 0 0 0
Slavey, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tahltan languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Kaska (Nahani) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tahltan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tutchone languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Northern Tutchone 0 0 0 0 0 0
Southern Tutchone 0 0 0 0 0 0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e. 0 5 0 0 5 0
Haida 0 0 0 0 0 0
Inuit languages 160 60 90 160 60 90
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun) 0 0 5 0 0 5
Inuktitut 140 60 80 140 60 80
Inuit languages, n.i.e. 15 5 10 15 5 10
Iroquoian languages 210 90 120 210 90 120
Cayuga 5 5 5 5 5 5
Mohawk 185 80 100 185 80 100
Oneida 20 5 10 20 5 10
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Kutenai 0 0 0 0 0 0
Michif 5 5 0 5 5 0
Salish languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Comox 0 0 0 0 0 0
Halkomelem 0 0 0 0 0 0
Lillooet 0 0 0 0 0 0
Okanagan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Squamish 0 0 0 0 0 0
Straits 0 0 0 0 0 0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Salish languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Siouan languages 5 0 5 5 0 5
Dakota 5 5 0 5 5 0
Stoney 0 0 0 0 0 0
Siouan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 5 0 0 5
Tlingit 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tsimshian languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Gitxsan (Gitksan) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Nisga'a 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tsimshian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Wakashan languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Haisla 0 0 0 0 0 0
Heiltsuk 0 0 0 0 0 0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka) 5 0 0 5 0 0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s. 120 55 65 120 55 65
Non-Aboriginal languages 1,907,105 904,930 1,002,170 1,907,105 904,930 1,002,170
Afro-Asiatic languages 138,460 66,865 71,590 138,460 66,865 71,590
Berber languages 345 175 170 345 175 170
Kabyle 255 125 130 255 125 130
Berber languages, n.i.e. 90 50 45 90 50 45
Cushitic languages 14,460 6,100 8,360 14,460 6,100 8,360
Bilen 170 80 85 170 80 85
Oromo 805 380 425 805 380 425
Somali 13,370 5,590 7,780 13,370 5,590 7,780
Cushitic languages, n.i.e. 110 50 65 110 50 65
Semitic languages 123,410 60,475 62,940 123,410 60,475 62,940
Amharic 5,625 2,540 3,085 5,625 2,540 3,085
Arabic 94,195 46,505 47,695 94,195 46,505 47,695
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic 9,515 4,595 4,920 9,515 4,595 4,920
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic 2,915 1,410 1,500 2,915 1,410 1,500
Harari 555 250 305 555 250 305
Hebrew 4,850 2,505 2,345 4,850 2,505 2,345
Maltese 1,090 505 580 1,090 505 580
Tigrigna 3,920 1,805 2,115 3,920 1,805 2,115
Semitic languages, n.i.e. 755 360 395 755 360 395
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e. 245 115 125 245 115 125
Austro-Asiatic languages 50,245 23,105 27,140 50,245 23,105 27,140
Khmer (Cambodian) 3,770 1,650 2,120 3,770 1,650 2,120
Vietnamese 46,435 21,435 25,000 46,435 21,435 25,000
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e 40 20 20 40 20 20
Austronesian languages 85,370 36,525 48,845 85,370 36,525 48,845
Bikol 90 35 55 90 35 55
Cebuano 2,325 1,020 1,315 2,325 1,020 1,315
Fijian 15 10 10 15 10 10
Hiligaynon 910 385 530 910 385 530
Ilocano 4,100 1,780 2,320 4,100 1,780 2,320
Malagasy 35 15 20 35 15 20
Malay 1,810 860 945 1,810 860 945
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango) 445 200 250 445 200 250
Pangasinan 90 40 50 90 40 50
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino) 75,070 31,965 43,105 75,070 31,965 43,105
Waray-Waray 90 35 55 90 35 55
Austronesian languages, n.i.e. 380 175 200 380 175 200
Creole languages 5,325 2,355 2,970 5,325 2,355 2,970
Haitian Creole 355 165 190 355 165 190
Creole, n.o.s. 3,995 1,735 2,255 3,995 1,735 2,255
Creole languages, n.i.e. 975 455 520 975 455 520
Dravidian languages 96,250 46,575 49,680 96,250 46,575 49,680
Kannada 1,060 540 520 1,060 540 520
Malayalam 8,760 4,460 4,295 8,760 4,460 4,295
Tamil 80,600 38,460 42,140 80,600 38,460 42,140
Telugu 5,705 3,050 2,655 5,705 3,050 2,655
Dravidian languages, n.i.e. 125 55 70 125 55 70
Hmong-Mien languages 200 95 105 200 95 105
Indo-European languages 978,300 469,640 508,670 978,300 469,640 508,670
Albanian 9,190 4,580 4,605 9,190 4,580 4,605
Armenian 8,630 4,065 4,560 8,630 4,065 4,560
Balto-Slavic languages 192,945 90,585 102,365 192,945 90,585 102,365
Baltic languages 2,305 950 1,355 2,305 950 1,355
Latvian 860 350 515 860 350 515
Lithuanian 1,440 600 840 1,440 600 840
Slavic languages 190,645 89,635 101,005 190,645 89,635 101,005
Belarusan 175 80 90 175 80 90
Bosnian 3,220 1,595 1,620 3,220 1,595 1,620
Bulgarian 4,830 2,350 2,480 4,830 2,350 2,480
Croatian 11,125 5,275 5,855 11,125 5,275 5,855
Czech 3,070 1,480 1,595 3,070 1,480 1,595
Macedonian 6,255 2,965 3,285 6,255 2,965 3,285
Polish 52,555 24,510 28,045 52,555 24,510 28,045
Russian 63,570 29,655 33,920 63,570 29,655 33,920
Serbian 23,175 11,335 11,840 23,175 11,335 11,840
Serbo-Croatian 1,925 920 1,010 1,925 920 1,010
Slovak 3,520 1,680 1,845 3,520 1,680 1,845
Slovene (Slovenian) 1,465 645 815 1,465 645 815
Ukrainian 15,415 6,995 8,420 15,415 6,995 8,420
Slavic languages, n.i.e. 355 160 190 355 160 190
Celtic languages 120 65 55 120 65 55
Scottish Gaelic 60 30 25 60 30 25
Welsh 30 10 15 30 10 15
Celtic languages, n.i.e. 35 20 15 35 20 15
Germanic languages 44,515 21,630 22,880 44,515 21,630 22,880
Afrikaans 755 365 390 755 365 390
Danish 280 135 150 280 135 150
Dutch 4,450 2,145 2,305 4,450 2,145 2,305
Frisian 90 45 45 90 45 45
German 37,255 18,140 19,120 37,255 18,140 19,120
Icelandic 45 20 30 45 20 30
Norwegian 70 30 40 70 30 40
Swedish 385 190 190 385 190 190
Vlaams (Flemish) 145 60 85 145 60 85
Yiddish 370 190 185 370 190 185
Germanic languages, n.i.e. 655 315 340 655 315 340
Greek 21,700 10,160 11,535 21,700 10,160 11,535
Indo-Iranian languages 435,835 215,755 220,080 435,835 215,755 220,080
Indo-Aryan languages 344,050 171,125 172,920 344,050 171,125 172,920
Bengali 29,590 14,595 14,995 29,590 14,595 14,995
Gujarati 45,445 22,410 23,035 45,445 22,410 23,035
Hindi 28,960 14,485 14,475 28,960 14,485 14,475
Kashmiri 65 30 35 65 30 35
Konkani 540 260 280 540 260 280
Marathi 2,420 1,230 1,190 2,420 1,230 1,190
Nepali 5,640 2,815 2,820 5,640 2,815 2,820
Oriya (Odia) 325 160 165 325 160 165
Punjabi (Panjabi) 132,135 66,410 65,725 132,135 66,410 65,725
Sindhi 2,880 1,320 1,560 2,880 1,320 1,560
Sinhala (Sinhalese) 4,595 2,250 2,345 4,595 2,250 2,345
Urdu 91,450 45,160 46,295 91,450 45,160 46,295
Iranian languages 90,730 44,090 46,640 90,730 44,090 46,640
Kurdish 3,675 1,900 1,770 3,675 1,900 1,770
Pashto 6,750 3,360 3,395 6,750 3,360 3,395
Persian (Farsi) 80,305 38,830 41,475 80,305 38,830 41,475
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e. 1,050 540 515 1,050 540 515
Italic (Romance) languages 265,375 122,790 142,585 265,375 122,790 142,585
Catalan 135 60 75 135 60 75
Italian 72,960 31,195 41,770 72,960 31,195 41,770
Portuguese 67,415 32,065 35,355 67,415 32,065 35,355
Romanian 19,920 9,380 10,535 19,920 9,380 10,535
Spanish 104,820 50,035 54,785 104,820 50,035 54,785
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e. 110 50 60 110 50 60
Japanese 6,040 2,590 3,450 6,040 2,590 3,450
Kartvelian languages 770 420 355 770 420 355
Georgian 775 420 355 775 420 355
Korean 48,540 22,685 25,855 48,540 22,685 25,855
Mongolic languages 225 115 110 225 115 110
Mongolian 230 120 110 230 120 110
Niger-Congo languages 12,120 5,400 6,725 12,120 5,400 6,725
Akan (Twi) 4,415 1,915 2,495 4,415 1,915 2,495
Bamanankan 25 15 15 25 15 15
Edo 305 120 180 305 120 180
Ewe 135 60 80 135 60 80
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde) 110 55 55 110 55 55
Ga 175 80 100 175 80 100
Ganda 195 85 110 195 85 110
Igbo 540 265 275 540 265 275
Lingala 225 100 130 225 100 130
Rundi (Kirundi) 475 230 240 475 230 240
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda) 420 160 260 420 160 260
Shona 455 210 245 455 210 245
Swahili 2,085 925 1,160 2,085 925 1,160
Wolof 130 65 65 130 65 65
Yoruba 1,300 625 675 1,300 625 675
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e. 1,120 500 625 1,120 500 625
Nilo-Saharan languages 550 260 290 550 260 290
Dinka 120 60 65 120 60 65
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e. 425 195 225 425 195 225
Sign languages 4,425 2,485 1,940 4,425 2,485 1,940
American Sign Language 1,605 830 770 1,605 830 770
Quebec Sign Language 25 15 15 25 15 15
Sign languages, n.i.e 2,795 1,640 1,150 2,795 1,640 1,150
Sino-Tibetan languages 448,200 210,560 237,640 448,200 210,560 237,640
Chinese languages 441,615 207,305 234,310 441,615 207,305 234,310
Cantonese 198,745 91,545 107,200 198,745 91,545 107,200
Hakka 2,870 1,305 1,575 2,870 1,305 1,575
Mandarin 220,535 105,360 115,175 220,535 105,360 115,175
Min Dong 265 115 145 265 115 145
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese) 5,775 2,635 3,140 5,775 2,635 3,140
Wu (Shanghainese) 3,690 1,735 1,955 3,690 1,735 1,955
Chinese, n.o.s. 9,630 4,565 5,070 9,630 4,565 5,070
Chinese languages, n.i.e. 100 45 55 100 45 55
Tibeto-Burman languages 6,580 3,250 3,330 6,580 3,250 3,330
Burmese 1,010 480 530 1,010 480 530
Karenic languages 1,360 685 675 1,360 685 675
Tibetan 3,875 1,925 1,945 3,875 1,925 1,945
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e. 335 165 170 335 165 170
Tai-Kadai languages 3,865 1,845 2,020 3,865 1,845 2,020
Lao 2,535 1,220 1,315 2,535 1,220 1,315
Thai 1,315 615 695 1,315 615 695
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e 10 5 10 10 5 10
Turkic languages 12,435 6,200 6,230 12,435 6,200 6,230
Azerbaijani 770 385 380 770 385 380
Turkish 10,545 5,245 5,300 10,545 5,245 5,300
Uyghur 290 150 140 290 150 140
Uzbek 585 290 295 585 290 295
Turkic languages, n.i.e. 250 130 120 250 130 120
Uralic languages 15,330 6,990 8,340 15,330 6,990 8,340
Estonian 790 290 500 790 290 500
Finnish 1,835 780 1,050 1,835 780 1,050
Hungarian 12,700 5,915 6,790 12,700 5,915 6,790
Uralic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Other languages, n.i.e. 465 245 225 465 245 225
Multiple responses 790,825 379,925 410,905 790,825 379,925 410,905
English and French 45,655 20,895 24,755 45,655 20,895 24,755
English and non-official language 719,595 347,730 371,865 719,595 347,730 371,865
French and non-official language 6,725 2,930 3,795 6,725 2,930 3,795
English, French and non-official language 18,855 8,365 10,490 18,855 8,365 10,490
Other language spoken regularly at homeThe letter C inside a yellow triangle - correctionUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20 13,312,865 6,503,875 6,808,990 13,312,865 6,503,875 6,808,990
None 11,071,665 5,436,665 5,635,000 11,071,665 5,436,665 5,635,000
English 896,170 437,015 459,155 896,170 437,015 459,155
French 243,970 108,390 135,580 243,970 108,390 135,580
Non-official language 1,056,960 501,315 555,645 1,056,960 501,315 555,645
Aboriginal 14,315 6,580 7,735 14,315 6,580 7,735
Non-Aboriginal 1,042,645 494,735 547,910 1,042,645 494,735 547,910
English and French 8,150 3,755 4,395 8,150 3,755 4,395
English and non-official language 19,105 9,370 9,735 19,105 9,370 9,735
French and non-official language 16,435 7,165 9,270 16,435 7,165 9,270
English, French and non-official language 415 205 215 415 205 215
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21 11,038,440 5,342,850 5,695,590 11,038,440 5,342,850 5,695,590
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data 10,556,935 5,115,460 5,441,475 10,556,935 5,115,460 5,441,475
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($) 33,539 39,889 28,676 33,539 39,889 28,676
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data 10,559,805 5,115,825 5,443,975 10,559,805 5,115,825 5,443,975
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($) 30,641 35,753 26,585 30,641 35,753 26,585
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data 9,391,800 4,650,130 4,741,675 9,391,800 4,650,130 4,741,675
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($) 32,871 39,831 27,012 32,871 39,831 27,012
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data 7,632,575 3,402,810 4,229,770 7,632,575 3,402,810 4,229,770
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($) 4,206 2,034 5,463 4,206 2,034 5,463
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data 7,790,680 3,998,335 3,792,350 7,790,680 3,998,335 3,792,350
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($) 33,946 39,490 29,413 33,946 39,490 29,413
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22 11,038,440 5,342,755 5,695,685 11,038,440 5,342,755 5,695,685
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data 10,556,925 5,114,340 5,442,580 10,556,925 5,114,340 5,442,580
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($) 47,915 56,780 39,585 47,915 56,780 39,585
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data 10,559,935 5,114,725 5,445,210 10,559,935 5,114,725 5,445,210
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($) 39,318 45,443 33,564 39,318 45,443 33,564
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data 9,391,645 4,649,230 4,742,415 9,391,645 4,649,230 4,742,415
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($) 47,890 57,511 38,459 47,890 57,511 38,459
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data 7,632,220 3,402,745 4,229,475 7,632,220 3,402,745 4,229,475
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($) 7,346 6,763 7,815 7,346 6,763 7,815
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data 7,790,680 3,995,700 3,794,985 7,790,680 3,995,700 3,794,985
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($) 47,369 55,263 39,057 47,369 55,263 39,057
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23 11,038,440 5,342,755 5,695,685 11,038,440 5,342,755 5,695,685
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24 3,737,385 2,082,480 1,654,900 3,737,385 2,082,480 1,654,900
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25 55,121 60,345 49,713 55,121 60,345 49,713
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26 68,628 76,536 58,676 68,628 76,536 58,676
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28 88.9 92.1 84.7 88.9 92.1 84.7
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29 72.9 76.0 68.7 72.9 76.0 68.7
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30 11.1 7.9 15.3 11.1 7.9 15.3
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31 11,038,440 5,342,850 5,695,590 11,038,440 5,342,850 5,695,590
Without total income 481,500 227,390 254,115 481,500 227,390 254,115
With total income 10,556,940 5,115,460 5,441,475 10,556,940 5,115,460 5,441,475
Percentage with total income 95.6 95.7 95.5 95.6 95.7 95.5
Under $10,000 (including loss) 1,615,790 711,105 904,685 1,615,790 711,105 904,685
$10,000 to $19,999 1,829,355 742,710 1,086,645 1,829,355 742,710 1,086,645
$20,000 to $29,999 1,410,760 589,975 820,785 1,410,760 589,975 820,785
$30,000 to $39,999 1,147,510 519,550 627,955 1,147,510 519,550 627,955
$40,000 to $49,999 1,021,880 489,595 532,285 1,021,880 489,595 532,285
$50,000 to $59,999 809,115 415,950 393,165 809,115 415,950 393,165
$60,000 to $69,999 630,635 348,525 282,110 630,635 348,525 282,110
$70,000 to $79,999 479,890 277,725 202,165 479,890 277,725 202,165
$80,000 to $89,999 378,185 222,095 156,095 378,185 222,095 156,095
$90,000 to $99,999 324,810 181,815 142,995 324,810 181,815 142,995
$100,000 and over 909,005 616,420 292,585 909,005 616,420 292,585
$100,000 to $149,999 600,995 394,410 206,590 600,995 394,410 206,590
$150,000 and over 308,010 222,010 86,000 308,010 222,010 86,000
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32 11,038,440 5,342,850 5,695,590 11,038,440 5,342,850 5,695,590
Without after-tax income 478,635 227,025 251,610 478,635 227,025 251,610
With after-tax income 10,559,805 5,115,825 5,443,980 10,559,805 5,115,825 5,443,980
Percentage with after-tax income 95.7 95.8 95.6 95.7 95.8 95.6
Under $10,000 (including loss) 1,659,280 722,040 937,235 1,659,280 722,040 937,235
$10,000 to $19,999 1,906,875 777,330 1,129,540 1,906,875 777,330 1,129,540
$20,000 to $29,999 1,623,230 690,290 932,940 1,623,230 690,290 932,940
$30,000 to $39,999 1,377,100 642,645 734,450 1,377,100 642,645 734,450
$40,000 to $49,999 1,166,040 585,490 580,555 1,166,040 585,490 580,555
$50,000 to $59,999 845,305 464,610 380,700 845,305 464,610 380,700
$60,000 to $69,999 604,005 354,015 249,985 604,005 354,015 249,985
$70,000 to $79,999 465,485 268,140 197,345 465,485 268,140 197,345
$80,000 and over 912,490 611,260 301,230 912,490 611,260 301,230
$80,000 to $89,999 299,315 183,410 115,905 299,315 183,410 115,905
$90,000 to $99,999 174,110 116,330 57,785 174,110 116,330 57,785
$100,000 and over 439,070 311,525 127,540 439,070 311,525 127,540
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33 11,038,440 5,342,850 5,695,590 11,038,440 5,342,850 5,695,590
Without employment income 3,247,760 1,344,515 1,903,245 3,247,760 1,344,515 1,903,245
With employment income 7,790,680 3,998,335 3,792,350 7,790,680 3,998,335 3,792,350
Percentage with employment income 70.6 74.8 66.6 70.6 74.8 66.6
Under $5,000 (including loss) 1,094,860 546,920 547,940 1,094,860 546,920 547,940
$5,000 to $9,999 635,305 281,135 354,165 635,305 281,135 354,165
$10,000 to $19,999 1,027,910 464,445 563,465 1,027,910 464,445 563,465
$20,000 to $29,999 827,805 372,185 455,625 827,805 372,185 455,625
$30,000 to $39,999 767,840 351,925 415,910 767,840 351,925 415,910
$40,000 to $49,999 709,775 341,320 368,450 709,775 341,320 368,450
$50,000 to $59,999 588,220 310,155 278,065 588,220 310,155 278,065
$60,000 to $69,999 465,670 263,430 202,240 465,670 263,430 202,240
$70,000 to $79,999 369,085 218,570 150,515 369,085 218,570 150,515
$80,000 and over 1,304,210 848,245 455,970 1,304,210 848,245 455,970
$80,000 to $89,999 307,660 182,660 125,005 307,660 182,660 125,005
$90,000 to $99,999 280,530 156,440 124,090 280,530 156,440 124,090
$100,000 and over 716,015 509,140 206,875 716,015 509,140 206,875
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34 5,169,175 ... ... 5,169,175 ... ...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($) 74,287 ... ... 74,287 ... ...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($) 65,285 ... ... 65,285 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data 1,341,300 ... ... 1,341,300 ... ...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($) 36,900 ... ... 36,900 ... ...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($) 33,219 ... ... 33,219 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data 3,827,875 ... ... 3,827,875 ... ...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($) 90,967 ... ... 90,967 ... ...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($) 79,528 ... ... 79,528 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35 5,169,175 ... ... 5,169,175 ... ...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($) 97,856 ... ... 97,856 ... ...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($) 80,322 ... ... 80,322 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data 1,341,115 ... ... 1,341,115 ... ...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($) 49,571 ... ... 49,571 ... ...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($) 40,830 ... ... 40,830 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data 3,828,060 ... ... 3,828,060 ... ...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($) 114,773 ... ... 114,773 ... ...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($) 94,157 ... ... 94,157 ... ...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36 5,169,175 ... ... 5,169,175 ... ...
Under $5,000 86,720 ... ... 86,720 ... ...
$5,000 to $9,999 70,245 ... ... 70,245 ... ...
$10,000 to $14,999 134,395 ... ... 134,395 ... ...
$15,000 to $19,999 185,245 ... ... 185,245 ... ...
$20,000 to $24,999 200,770 ... ... 200,770 ... ...
$25,000 to $29,999 189,450 ... ... 189,450 ... ...
$30,000 to $34,999 202,580 ... ... 202,580 ... ...
$35,000 to $39,999 207,180 ... ... 207,180 ... ...
$40,000 to $44,999 206,605 ... ... 206,605 ... ...
$45,000 to $49,999 202,015 ... ... 202,015 ... ...
$50,000 to $59,999 388,820 ... ... 388,820 ... ...
$60,000 to $69,999 363,580 ... ... 363,580 ... ...
$70,000 to $79,999 335,770 ... ... 335,770 ... ...
$80,000 to $89,999 309,105 ... ... 309,105 ... ...
$90,000 to $99,999 282,740 ... ... 282,740 ... ...
$100,000 and over 1,803,955 ... ... 1,803,955 ... ...
$100,000 to $124,999 560,090 ... ... 560,090 ... ...
$125,000 to $149,999 394,570 ... ... 394,570 ... ...
$150,000 to $199,999 449,885 ... ... 449,885 ... ...
$200,000 and over 399,410 ... ... 399,410 ... ...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32 5,169,175 ... ... 5,169,175 ... ...
Under $5,000 92,220 ... ... 92,220 ... ...
$5,000 to $9,999 71,480 ... ... 71,480 ... ...
$10,000 to $14,999 136,550 ... ... 136,550 ... ...
$15,000 to $19,999 192,920 ... ... 192,920 ... ...
$20,000 to $24,999 222,605 ... ... 222,605 ... ...
$25,000 to $29,999 211,440 ... ... 211,440 ... ...
$30,000 to $34,999 232,755 ... ... 232,755 ... ...
$35,000 to $39,999 244,335 ... ... 244,335 ... ...
$40,000 to $44,999 247,645 ... ... 247,645 ... ...
$45,000 to $49,999 241,965 ... ... 241,965 ... ...
$50,000 to $59,999 463,170 ... ... 463,170 ... ...
$60,000 to $69,999 422,695 ... ... 422,695 ... ...
$70,000 to $79,999 388,720 ... ... 388,720 ... ...
$80,000 to $89,999 342,330 ... ... 342,330 ... ...
$90,000 to $99,999 290,720 ... ... 290,720 ... ...
$100,000 and over 1,367,630 ... ... 1,367,630 ... ...
$100,000 to $124,999 539,915 ... ... 539,915 ... ...
$125,000 to $149,999 334,420 ... ... 334,420 ... ...
$150,000 and over 493,295 ... ... 493,295 ... ...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37 3,689,580 ... ... 3,689,580 ... ...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($) 91,089 ... ... 91,089 ... ...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($) 79,531 ... ... 79,531 ... ...
Average family size of economic families 3.1 ... ... 3.1 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data 1,280,890 ... ... 1,280,890 ... ...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($) 81,459 ... ... 81,459 ... ...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($) 71,237 ... ... 71,237 ... ...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives 2.0 ... ... 2.0 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data 1,716,115 ... ... 1,716,115 ... ...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($) 115,381 ... ... 115,381 ... ...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($) 99,205 ... ... 99,205 ... ...
Average family size of couple economic families with children 4.1 ... ... 4.1 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data 584,180 ... ... 584,180 ... ...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($) 54,363 ... ... 54,363 ... ...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($) 50,317 ... ... 50,317 ... ...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families 2.7 ... ... 2.7 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38 3,689,080 ... ... 3,689,080 ... ...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($) 115,328 ... ... 115,328 ... ...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($) 94,410 ... ... 94,410 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data 1,280,580 ... ... 1,280,580 ... ...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($) 104,425 ... ... 104,425 ... ...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($) 84,952 ... ... 84,952 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data 1,717,295 ... ... 1,717,295 ... ...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($) 140,590 ... ... 140,590 ... ...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($) 114,144 ... ... 114,144 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data 581,945 ... ... 581,945 ... ...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($) 67,748 ... ... 67,748 ... ...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($) 58,742 ... ... 58,742 ... ...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21 1,818,815 867,175 951,640 1,818,815 867,175 951,640
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39 32,097 33,925 30,753 32,097 33,925 30,753
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39 29,417 30,678 28,442 29,417 30,678 28,442
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40 1,814,575 864,020 950,555 1,814,575 864,020 950,555
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41 44,298 46,765 42,057 44,298 46,765 42,057
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41 36,874 38,228 35,644 36,874 38,228 35,644
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42 13,242,160 6,472,205 6,769,955 13,242,160 6,472,205 6,769,955
In the bottom half of the distribution 6,335,170 3,016,275 3,318,895 6,335,170 3,016,275 3,318,895
In the bottom decile 1,346,645 651,310 695,335 1,346,645 651,310 695,335
In the second decile 1,280,675 581,380 699,290 1,280,675 581,380 699,290
In the third decile 1,237,415 583,840 653,575 1,237,415 583,840 653,575
In the fourth decile 1,223,510 589,740 633,770 1,223,510 589,740 633,770
In the fifth decile 1,246,925 610,000 636,930 1,246,925 610,000 636,930
In the top half of the distribution 6,906,990 3,455,930 3,451,060 6,906,990 3,455,930 3,451,060
In the sixth decile 1,279,095 629,635 649,465 1,279,095 629,635 649,465
In the seventh decile 1,321,220 655,840 665,375 1,321,220 655,840 665,375
In the eighth decile 1,382,795 691,630 691,165 1,382,795 691,630 691,165
In the ninth decile 1,464,415 736,030 728,385 1,464,415 736,030 728,385
In the top decile 1,459,465 742,795 716,670 1,459,465 742,795 716,670
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43 13,184,055 6,442,930 6,741,130 13,184,055 6,442,930 6,741,130
0 to 17 years 2,656,535 1,361,905 1,294,630 2,656,535 1,361,905 1,294,630
0 to 5 years 835,000 428,025 406,975 835,000 428,025 406,975
18 to 64 years 8,418,960 4,110,615 4,308,345 8,418,960 4,110,615 4,308,345
65 years and over 2,108,560 970,405 1,138,155 2,108,560 970,405 1,138,155
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) 1,898,975 886,530 1,012,445 1,898,975 886,530 1,012,445
0 to 17 years 489,905 251,830 238,080 489,905 251,830 238,080
0 to 5 years 165,140 84,825 80,310 165,140 84,825 80,310
18 to 64 years 1,155,315 538,535 616,780 1,155,315 538,535 616,780
65 years and over 253,755 96,170 157,585 253,755 96,170 157,585
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%) 14.4 13.8 15.0 14.4 13.8 15.0
0 to 17 years (%) 18.4 18.5 18.4 18.4 18.5 18.4
0 to 5 years (%) 19.8 19.8 19.7 19.8 19.8 19.7
18 to 64 years (%) 13.7 13.1 14.3 13.7 13.1 14.3
65 years and over (%) 12.0 9.9 13.8 12.0 9.9 13.8
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) 1,298,590 627,935 670,650 1,298,590 627,935 670,650
0 to 17 years 304,390 156,575 147,815 304,390 156,575 147,815
0 to 5 years 102,750 52,810 49,935 102,750 52,810 49,935
18 to 64 years 887,640 430,545 457,095 887,640 430,545 457,095
65 years and over 106,555 40,815 65,740 106,555 40,815 65,740
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%) 9.8 9.7 9.9 9.8 9.7 9.9
0 to 17 years (%) 11.5 11.5 11.4 11.5 11.5 11.4
0 to 5 years (%) 12.3 12.3 12.3 12.3 12.3 12.3
18 to 64 years (%) 10.5 10.5 10.6 10.5 10.5 10.6
65 years and over (%) 5.1 4.2 5.8 5.1 4.2 5.8
Knowledge of languagesThe letter C inside a yellow triangle - correctionUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44 13,242,160 6,472,240 6,769,925 13,242,160 6,472,240 6,769,925
Official languages 12,918,075 6,342,930 6,575,145 12,918,075 6,342,930 6,575,145
English 12,879,045 6,326,225 6,552,825 12,879,045 6,326,225 6,552,825
French 1,521,020 677,505 843,510 1,521,020 677,505 843,510
Non-official languages 4,431,270 2,115,510 2,315,760 4,431,270 2,115,510 2,315,760
Aboriginal languages 33,855 15,815 18,035 33,855 15,815 18,035
Algonquian languages 30,630 14,505 16,125 30,630 14,505 16,125
Blackfoot 15 15 0 15 15 0
Cree-Montagnais languages 6,560 3,160 3,395 6,560 3,160 3,395
Atikamekw 10 0 0 10 0 0
Montagnais (Innu) 10 0 10 10 0 10
Moose Cree 145 70 75 145 70 75
Naskapi 25 10 10 25 10 10
Northern East Cree 65 25 45 65 25 45
Plains Cree 105 50 50 105 50 50
Southern East Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0
Swampy Cree 605 255 350 605 255 350
Woods Cree 45 25 25 45 25 25
Cree, n.o.s. 5,620 2,760 2,865 5,620 2,760 2,865
Eastern Algonquian languages 180 95 85 180 95 85
Malecite 20 20 0 20 20 0
Mi'kmaq 160 75 85 160 75 85
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages 23,980 11,285 12,690 23,980 11,285 12,690
Algonquin 205 95 105 205 95 105
Ojibway 16,220 7,600 8,630 16,220 7,600 8,630
Oji-Cree 7,515 3,585 3,935 7,515 3,585 3,935
Ottawa (Odawa) 200 105 100 200 105 100
Algonquian languages, n.i.e. 85 40 50 85 40 50
Athabaskan languages 85 25 65 85 25 65
Northern Athabaskan languages 80 25 55 80 25 55
Babine (Wetsuwet'en) 10 0 0 10 0 0
Beaver 0 0 0 0 0 0
Carrier 10 0 10 10 0 10
Chilcotin 10 0 10 10 0 10
Dene 45 20 30 45 20 30
Dogrib (Tlicho) 10 0 10 10 0 10
Gwich'in 10 0 10 10 0 10
Sarsi (Sarcee) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Sekani 0 0 0 0 0 0
Slavey-Hare languages 10 0 0 10 0 0
North Slavey (Hare) 0 0 0 0 0 0
South Slavey 0 0 10 0 0 10
Slavey, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tahltan languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Kaska (Nahani) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tahltan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tutchone languages 10 0 0 10 0 0
Northern Tutchone 0 0 0 0 0 0
Southern Tutchone 0 0 0 0 0 0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Haida 0 0 0 0 0 0
Inuit languages 840 320 525 840 320 525
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun) 10 0 10 10 0 10
Inuktitut 730 285 445 730 285 445
Inuit languages, n.i.e. 105 35 70 105 35 70
Iroquoian languages 1,940 810 1,125 1,940 810 1,125
Cayuga 120 35 85 120 35 85
Mohawk 1,625 710 915 1,625 710 915
Oneida 180 55 125 180 55 125
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e. 50 25 25 50 25 25
Kutenai 0 0 0 0 0 0
Michif 180 65 110 180 65 110
Salish languages 10 0 10 10 0 10
Comox 0 0 0 0 0 0
Halkomelem 0 0 0 0 0 0
Lillooet 0 0 0 0 0 0
Okanagan 0 10 0 0 10 0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Squamish 0 0 0 0 0 0
Straits 0 0 0 0 0 0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Salish languages, n.i.e. 10 0 10 10 0 10
Siouan languages 40 10 30 40 10 30
Dakota 20 10 10 20 10 10
Stoney 0 0 0 0 0 0
Siouan languages, n.i.e. 20 0 15 20 0 15
Tlingit 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tsimshian languages 10 0 10 10 0 10
Gitxsan (Gitksan) 10 0 10 10 0 10
Nisga'a 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tsimshian 10 0 10 10 0 10
Wakashan languages 10 10 0 10 10 0
Haisla 0 0 0 0 0 0
Heiltsuk 0 0 10 0 0 10
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala) 10 0 0 10 0 0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s. 210 100 110 210 100 110
Non-Aboriginal languages 4,397,690 2,099,820 2,297,865 4,397,690 2,099,820 2,297,865
Afro-Asiatic languages 362,645 183,050 179,595 362,645 183,050 179,595
Berber languages 925 505 415 925 505 415
Kabyle 530 280 255 530 280 255
Berber languages, n.i.e. 390 225 165 390 225 165
Cushitic languages 34,160 15,155 19,000 34,160 15,155 19,000
Bilen 355 200 160 355 200 160
Oromo 2,075 905 1,175 2,075 905 1,175
Somali 31,535 13,925 17,610 31,535 13,925 17,610
Cushitic languages, n.i.e. 370 170 205 370 170 205
Semitic languages 330,315 168,750 161,570 330,315 168,750 161,570
Amharic 16,010 7,565 8,445 16,010 7,565 8,445
Arabic 246,015 127,015 119,000 246,015 127,015 119,000
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic 17,825 8,775 9,050 17,825 8,775 9,050
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic 6,185 3,045 3,140 6,185 3,045 3,140
Harari 1,310 660 645 1,310 660 645
Hebrew 43,255 22,165 21,090 43,255 22,165 21,090
Maltese 7,020 3,455 3,570 7,020 3,455 3,570
Tigrigna 9,385 4,320 5,065 9,385 4,320 5,065
Semitic languages, n.i.e. 1,985 1,010 975 1,985 1,010 975
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e. 1,125 535 590 1,125 535 590
Austro-Asiatic languages 99,830 46,210 53,620 99,830 46,210 53,620
Khmer (Cambodian) 10,045 4,490 5,550 10,045 4,490 5,550
Vietnamese 90,265 41,965 48,300 90,265 41,965 48,300
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e. 60 10 50 60 10 50
Austronesian languages 249,435 98,295 151,150 249,435 98,295 151,150
Bikol 755 340 425 755 340 425
Cebuano 9,475 3,650 5,830 9,475 3,650 5,830
Fijian 110 40 65 110 40 65
Hiligaynon 3,110 1,205 1,910 3,110 1,205 1,910
Ilocano 15,235 5,940 9,295 15,235 5,940 9,295
Malagasy 215 115 100 215 115 100
Malay 9,780 4,500 5,280 9,780 4,500 5,280
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango) 1,935 855 1,080 1,935 855 1,080
Pangasinan 565 245 320 565 245 320
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino) 232,935 91,110 141,820 232,935 91,110 141,820
Waray-Waray 410 125 285 410 125 285
Austronesian languages, n.i.e. 1,785 755 1,030 1,785 755 1,030
Creole languages 30,260 13,525 16,735 30,260 13,525 16,735
Haitian Creole 1,430 605 830 1,430 605 830
Creole, n.o.s. 19,375 8,480 10,895 19,375 8,480 10,895
Creole languages, n.i.e. 9,685 4,525 5,155 9,685 4,525 5,155
Dravidian languages 196,315 97,975 98,335 196,315 97,975 98,335
Kannada 5,775 2,930 2,845 5,775 2,930 2,845
Malayalam 22,880 11,535 11,345 22,880 11,535 11,345
Tamil 157,700 77,975 79,730 157,700 77,975 79,730
Telugu 16,315 8,925 7,390 16,315 8,925 7,390
Dravidian languages, n.i.e. 495 250 240 495 250 240
Hmong-Mien languages 545 265 280 545 265 280
Indo-European languages 2,608,060 1,265,535 1,342,525 2,608,060 1,265,535 1,342,525
Albanian 22,375 11,180 11,195 22,375 11,180 11,195
Armenian 18,435 8,860 9,575 18,435 8,860 9,575
Balto-Slavic languages 473,565 221,450 252,120 473,565 221,450 252,120
Baltic languages 10,545 4,495 6,050 10,545 4,495 6,050
Latvian 4,675 2,070 2,610 4,675 2,070 2,610
Lithuanian 5,875 2,430 3,445 5,875 2,430 3,445
Slavic languages 465,170 217,885 247,285 465,170 217,885 247,285
Belarusan 1,360 680 680 1,360 680 680
Bosnian 9,915 4,905 5,010 9,915 4,905 5,010
Bulgarian 10,410 5,060 5,350 10,410 5,060 5,350
Croatian 46,580 22,880 23,700 46,580 22,880 23,700
Czech 14,045 6,615 7,430 14,045 6,615 7,430
Macedonian 21,505 10,365 11,140 21,505 10,365 11,140
Polish 142,985 65,415 77,575 142,985 65,415 77,575
Russian 138,735 64,355 74,380 138,735 64,355 74,380
Serbian 53,250 26,725 26,525 53,250 26,725 26,525
Serbo-Croatian 5,815 2,845 2,965 5,815 2,845 2,965
Slovak 12,035 5,550 6,490 12,035 5,550 6,490
Slovene (Slovenian) 7,935 3,550 4,390 7,935 3,550 4,390
Ukrainian 54,615 24,125 30,490 54,615 24,125 30,490
Slavic languages, n.i.e. 1,750 935 815 1,750 935 815
Celtic languages 3,800 1,880 1,920 3,800 1,880 1,920
Scottish Gaelic 1,480 720 765 1,480 720 765
Welsh 685 300 390 685 300 390
Celtic languages, n.i.e. 1,650 870 785 1,650 870 785
Germanic languages 274,305 130,610 143,700 274,305 130,610 143,700
Afrikaans 7,360 3,625 3,735 7,360 3,625 3,735
Danish 5,440 2,455 2,980 5,440 2,455 2,980
Dutch 63,410 29,875 33,535 63,410 29,875 33,535
Frisian 1,655 820 835 1,655 820 835
German 189,035 90,730 98,305 189,035 90,730 98,305
Icelandic 285 130 155 285 130 155
Norwegian 2,140 975 1,165 2,140 975 1,165
Swedish 5,125 2,345 2,785 5,125 2,345 2,785
Vlaams (Flemish) 2,275 1,050 1,225 2,275 1,050 1,225
Yiddish 7,175 3,535 3,640 7,175 3,535 3,640
Germanic languages, n.i.e. 3,290 1,645 1,645 3,290 1,645 1,645
Greek 80,690 40,105 40,590 80,690 40,105 40,590
Indo-Iranian languages 915,765 463,175 452,585 915,765 463,175 452,585
Indo-Aryan languages 759,390 384,940 374,450 759,390 384,940 374,450
Bengali 59,685 30,420 29,265 59,685 30,420 29,265
Gujarati 103,890 52,380 51,510 103,890 52,380 51,510
Hindi 250,095 127,765 122,335 250,095 127,765 122,335
Kashmiri 600 300 300 600 300 300
Konkani 5,490 2,515 2,975 5,490 2,515 2,975
Marathi 10,360 5,380 4,980 10,360 5,380 4,980
Nepali 10,245 5,115 5,135 10,245 5,115 5,135
Oriya (Odia) 1,090 515 570 1,090 515 570
Punjabi (Panjabi) 282,065 145,050 137,015 282,065 145,050 137,015
Sindhi 11,515 5,385 6,130 11,515 5,385 6,130
Sinhala (Sinhalese) 18,555 9,230 9,330 18,555 9,230 9,330
Urdu 231,500 117,305 114,190 231,500 117,305 114,190
Iranian languages 163,490 81,710 81,785 163,490 81,710 81,785
Kurdish 8,795 4,755 4,040 8,795 4,755 4,040
Pashto 15,315 8,145 7,170 15,315 8,145 7,170
Persian (Farsi) 145,465 72,275 73,190 145,465 72,275 73,190
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e. 4,665 2,495 2,175 4,665 2,495 2,175
Italic (Romance) languages 880,330 418,225 462,105 880,330 418,225 462,105
Catalan 515 275 240 515 275 240
Italian 333,645 161,190 172,455 333,645 161,190 172,455
Portuguese 193,520 93,885 99,635 193,520 93,885 99,635
Romanian 49,635 23,205 26,430 49,635 23,205 26,430
Spanish 337,615 156,040 181,580 337,615 156,040 181,580
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e. 1,355 745 605 1,355 745 605
Japanese 25,675 11,535 14,140 25,675 11,535 14,140
Kartvelian languages 1,555 775 780 1,555 775 780
Georgian 1,555 770 785 1,555 770 785
Korean 79,175 36,930 42,245 79,175 36,930 42,245
Mongolic languages 515 225 285 515 225 285
Mongolian 515 225 285 515 225 285
Niger-Congo languages 70,570 33,620 36,945 70,570 33,620 36,945
Akan (Twi) 15,950 7,520 8,435 15,950 7,520 8,435
Bamanankan 385 195 185 385 195 185
Edo 2,130 930 1,195 2,130 930 1,195
Ewe 880 435 445 880 435 445
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde) 700 320 375 700 320 375
Ga 1,340 645 695 1,340 645 695
Ganda 1,225 550 675 1,225 550 675
Igbo 4,025 2,105 1,920 4,025 2,105 1,920
Lingala 4,885 2,165 2,720 4,885 2,165 2,720
Rundi (Kirundi) 2,555 1,080 1,475 2,555 1,080 1,475
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda) 2,220 885 1,330 2,220 885 1,330
Shona 2,350 1,055 1,300 2,350 1,055 1,300
Swahili 16,750 8,110 8,640 16,750 8,110 8,640
Wolof 730 355 375 730 355 375
Yoruba 10,495 5,345 5,150 10,495 5,345 5,150
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e. 11,210 5,255 5,950 11,210 5,255 5,950
Nilo-Saharan languages 2,025 1,020 1,010 2,025 1,020 1,010
Dinka 415 220 200 415 220 200
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e. 1,615 805 810 1,615 805 810
Sign languages 18,865 7,645 11,220 18,865 7,645 11,220
American Sign Language 10,220 3,695 6,525 10,220 3,695 6,525
Quebec Sign Language 235 60 180 235 60 180
Sign languages, n.i.e. 8,690 4,005 4,680 8,690 4,005 4,680
Sino-Tibetan languages 689,145 324,575 364,565 689,145 324,575 364,565
Chinese languages 679,170 319,635 359,530 679,170 319,635 359,530
Cantonese 341,875 159,280 182,600 341,875 159,280 182,600
Hakka 7,865 3,445 4,420 7,865 3,445 4,420
Mandarin 385,395 179,890 205,510 385,395 179,890 205,510
Min Dong 810 330 480 810 330 480
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese) 16,980 7,650 9,330 16,980 7,650 9,330
Wu (Shanghainese) 8,305 3,860 4,440 8,305 3,860 4,440
Chinese, n.o.s. 16,455 7,710 8,745 16,455 7,710 8,745
Chinese languages, n.i.e. 185 95 90 185 95 90
Tibeto-Burman languages 10,460 5,200 5,260 10,460 5,200 5,260
Burmese 2,215 1,055 1,165 2,215 1,055 1,165
Karenic languages 1,820 905 920 1,820 905 920
Tibetan 5,695 2,845 2,850 5,695 2,845 2,850
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e. 1,245 645 605 1,245 645 605
Tai-Kadai languages 11,120 4,945 6,180 11,120 4,945 6,180
Lao 6,740 3,215 3,520 6,740 3,215 3,520
Thai 5,195 2,065 3,135 5,195 2,065 3,135
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e. 30 10 20 30 10 20
Turkic languages 33,335 17,310 16,025 33,335 17,310 16,025
Azerbaijani 3,260 1,710 1,550 3,260 1,710 1,550
Turkish 27,850 14,510 13,340 27,850 14,510 13,340
Uyghur 700 350 345 700 350 345
Uzbek 1,405 700 705 1,405 700 705
Turkic languages, n.i.e. 915 450 465 915 450 465
Uralic languages 58,370 27,060 31,310 58,370 27,060 31,310
Estonian 4,785 2,155 2,625 4,785 2,155 2,625
Finnish 11,145 4,865 6,280 11,145 4,865 6,280
Hungarian 42,545 20,070 22,480 42,545 20,070 22,480
Uralic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Other languages, n.i.e. 3,675 1,950 1,725 3,675 1,950 1,725
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45 13,242,160 6,472,240 6,769,920 13,242,160 6,472,240 6,769,920
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46 12,223,065 5,987,360 6,235,705 12,223,065 5,987,360 6,235,705
Canadian citizens aged under 18 2,546,075 1,305,820 1,240,255 2,546,075 1,305,820 1,240,255
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over 9,676,990 4,681,540 4,995,445 9,676,990 4,681,540 4,995,445
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47 1,019,095 484,880 534,215 1,019,095 484,880 534,215
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48 13,242,160 6,472,240 6,769,920 13,242,160 6,472,240 6,769,920
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49 9,188,815 4,555,270 4,633,545 9,188,815 4,555,270 4,633,545
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50 3,852,145 1,814,665 2,037,480 3,852,145 1,814,665 2,037,480
Before 1981 1,077,745 507,500 570,240 1,077,745 507,500 570,240
1981 to 1990 513,995 246,235 267,755 513,995 246,235 267,755
1991 to 2000 834,510 390,315 444,195 834,510 390,315 444,195
2001 to 2010 953,730 446,895 506,835 953,730 446,895 506,835
2001 to 2005 490,560 230,950 259,610 490,560 230,950 259,610
2006 to 2010 463,170 215,945 247,225 463,170 215,945 247,225
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51 472,170 223,715 248,450 472,170 223,715 248,450
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52 201,200 102,305 98,895 201,200 102,305 98,895
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53 3,852,145 1,814,665 2,037,485 3,852,145 1,814,665 2,037,485
Under 5 years 369,955 184,255 185,705 369,955 184,255 185,705
5 to 14 years 685,085 345,865 339,225 685,085 345,865 339,225
15 to 24 years 855,475 381,025 474,450 855,475 381,025 474,450
25 to 44 years 1,579,500 741,340 838,160 1,579,500 741,340 838,160
45 years and over 362,130 162,180 199,945 362,130 162,180 199,945
Immigrants by selected place of birthThe letter C inside a yellow triangle - correctionUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54 3,852,145 1,814,665 2,037,480 3,852,145 1,814,665 2,037,480
Americas 598,950 265,930 333,025 598,950 265,930 333,025
Brazil 14,705 6,700 8,010 14,705 6,700 8,010
Colombia 28,815 13,085 15,730 28,815 13,085 15,730
El Salvador 20,920 10,165 10,750 20,920 10,165 10,750
Guyana 79,745 35,325 44,420 79,745 35,325 44,420
Haiti 10,195 4,410 5,785 10,195 4,410 5,785
Jamaica 119,840 51,320 68,525 119,840 51,320 68,525
Mexico 30,075 13,895 16,185 30,075 13,895 16,185
Peru 10,550 4,660 5,895 10,550 4,660 5,895
Trinidad and Tobago 52,810 23,515 29,300 52,810 23,515 29,300
United StatesCensus data footnote 55 109,005 47,170 61,830 109,005 47,170 61,830
Other places of birth in Americas 122,280 55,685 66,600 122,280 55,685 66,600
Europe 1,144,295 546,250 598,050 1,144,295 546,250 598,050
Bosnia and Herzegovina 21,300 10,655 10,645 21,300 10,655 10,645
Croatia 27,330 13,495 13,835 27,330 13,495 13,835
France 13,385 6,310 7,070 13,385 6,310 7,070
Germany 63,460 29,685 33,775 63,460 29,685 33,775
Greece 36,575 18,225 18,350 36,575 18,225 18,350
Hungary 22,085 10,495 11,590 22,085 10,495 11,590
IrelandCensus data footnote 56 15,275 7,415 7,860 15,275 7,415 7,860
Italy 157,815 78,510 79,305 157,815 78,510 79,305
Netherlands 47,400 23,910 23,490 47,400 23,910 23,490
Poland 96,000 43,155 52,845 96,000 43,155 52,845
Portugal 103,025 50,240 52,785 103,025 50,240 52,785
Romania 42,720 19,720 23,000 42,720 19,720 23,000
Russian Federation 42,980 18,540 24,440 42,980 18,540 24,440
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57 23,695 11,610 12,085 23,695 11,610 12,085
Ukraine 39,945 18,150 21,795 39,945 18,150 21,795
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58 264,125 125,730 138,390 264,125 125,730 138,390
Other places of birth in Europe 127,190 60,395 66,790 127,190 60,395 66,790
Africa 226,770 109,585 117,185 226,770 109,585 117,185
Algeria 2,925 1,480 1,450 2,925 1,480 1,450
Egypt 34,510 18,000 16,510 34,510 18,000 16,510
Ethiopia 15,570 7,230 8,340 15,570 7,230 8,340
Kenya 14,940 6,910 8,025 14,940 6,910 8,025
Morocco 5,485 2,690 2,795 5,485 2,690 2,795
Nigeria 20,630 10,285 10,345 20,630 10,285 10,345
Somalia 16,970 6,845 10,125 16,970 6,845 10,125
South Africa, Republic of 19,390 9,545 9,840 19,390 9,545 9,840
Other places of birth in Africa 96,355 46,610 49,745 96,355 46,610 49,745
Asia 1,869,805 886,570 983,240 1,869,805 886,570 983,240
Afghanistan 33,145 16,490 16,655 33,145 16,490 16,655
Bangladesh 39,410 19,970 19,440 39,410 19,970 19,440
ChinaCensus data footnote 59 317,225 143,705 173,515 317,225 143,705 173,515
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60 108,030 50,945 57,090 108,030 50,945 57,090
India 360,540 179,950 180,590 360,540 179,950 180,590
IranCensus data footnote 61 86,810 43,445 43,360 86,810 43,445 43,360
Iraq 50,390 25,280 25,115 50,390 25,280 25,115
Japan 8,145 2,550 5,585 8,145 2,550 5,585
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62 57,085 26,660 30,425 57,085 26,660 30,425
Lebanon 34,545 18,145 16,405 34,545 18,145 16,405
Pakistan 142,265 71,925 70,345 142,265 71,925 70,345
Philippines 231,760 93,730 138,030 231,760 93,730 138,030
Sri Lanka 109,855 53,640 56,215 109,855 53,640 56,215
SyriaCensus data footnote 63 22,680 11,405 11,270 22,680 11,405 11,270
Taiwan 17,840 7,775 10,065 17,840 7,775 10,065
Viet Nam 80,525 36,545 43,985 80,525 36,545 43,985
Other places of birth in Asia 169,555 84,400 85,160 169,555 84,400 85,160
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64 12,330 6,330 5,990 12,330 6,330 5,990
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54 472,170 223,720 248,450 472,170 223,720 248,450
Americas 60,700 29,005 31,700 60,700 29,005 31,700
Brazil 3,180 1,505 1,675 3,180 1,505 1,675
Colombia 4,520 2,005 2,520 4,520 2,005 2,520
Cuba 1,950 910 1,045 1,950 910 1,045
Haiti 2,575 1,140 1,435 2,575 1,140 1,435
Jamaica 8,935 4,840 4,090 8,935 4,840 4,090
Mexico 5,670 2,745 2,925 5,670 2,745 2,925
United StatesCensus data footnote 55 14,635 7,225 7,405 14,635 7,225 7,405
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65 2,460 1,120 1,340 2,460 1,120 1,340
Other places of birth in Americas 16,775 7,510 9,265 16,775 7,510 9,265
Europe 45,295 22,250 23,045 45,295 22,250 23,045
France 2,010 1,025 985 2,010 1,025 985
Germany 1,695 885 805 1,695 885 805
IrelandCensus data footnote 56 1,900 1,185 715 1,900 1,185 715
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66 880 400 480 880 400 480
Romania 2,425 995 1,430 2,425 995 1,430
Russian Federation 4,905 1,790 3,115 4,905 1,790 3,115
Ukraine 4,455 2,005 2,445 4,455 2,005 2,445
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58 7,780 4,515 3,265 7,780 4,515 3,265
Other places of birth in Europe 19,245 9,450 9,795 19,245 9,450 9,795
Africa 39,380 19,045 20,330 39,380 19,045 20,330
Algeria 415 180 240 415 180 240
Cameroon 1,390 640 750 1,390 640 750
Congo, Democratic Republic of the 1,835 845 990 1,835 845 990
Côte d'Ivoire 605 245 360 605 245 360
Egypt 8,220 4,290 3,935 8,220 4,290 3,935
Eritrea 2,055 1,010 1,045 2,055 1,010 1,045
Ethiopia 2,505 1,115 1,385 2,505 1,115 1,385
Morocco 655 275 375 655 275 375
Nigeria 5,910 2,895 3,015 5,910 2,895 3,015
Somalia 2,065 965 1,100 2,065 965 1,100
South Africa, Republic of 1,410 715 695 1,410 715 695
Tunisia 310 155 150 310 155 150
Other places of birth in Africa 12,010 5,715 6,295 12,010 5,715 6,295
Asia 324,820 152,205 172,615 324,820 152,205 172,615
Afghanistan 5,785 2,845 2,945 5,785 2,845 2,945
Bangladesh 8,180 4,055 4,125 8,180 4,055 4,125
ChinaCensus data footnote 59 58,840 26,025 32,815 58,840 26,025 32,815
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60 1,985 800 1,190 1,985 800 1,190
India 69,325 35,060 34,265 69,325 35,060 34,265
IranCensus data footnote 61 21,225 10,300 10,930 21,225 10,300 10,930
Iraq 14,645 7,315 7,330 14,645 7,315 7,330
Israel 2,050 1,085 970 2,050 1,085 970
Japan 1,385 370 1,015 1,385 370 1,015
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62 6,320 2,855 3,470 6,320 2,855 3,470
Lebanon 3,230 1,685 1,545 3,230 1,685 1,545
Nepal 3,395 1,725 1,665 3,395 1,725 1,665
Pakistan 25,435 12,425 13,015 25,435 12,425 13,015
Philippines 53,190 21,740 31,450 53,190 21,740 31,450
Saudi Arabia 3,140 1,615 1,530 3,140 1,615 1,530
Sri Lanka 8,185 3,580 4,605 8,185 3,580 4,605
SyriaCensus data footnote 63 12,710 6,590 6,120 12,710 6,590 6,120
Taiwan 1,015 435 580 1,015 435 580
Turkey 2,590 1,440 1,145 2,590 1,440 1,145
United Arab Emirates 4,290 2,230 2,055 4,290 2,230 2,055
Viet Nam 3,885 1,520 2,365 3,885 1,520 2,365
Other places of birth in Asia 13,995 6,505 7,485 13,995 6,505 7,485
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64 1,980 1,215 765 1,980 1,215 765
Australia 1,535 965 565 1,535 965 565
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67 445 250 200 445 250 200
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68 13,242,160 6,472,240 6,769,920 13,242,160 6,472,240 6,769,920
First generationCensus data footnote 69 4,122,840 1,953,095 2,169,740 4,122,840 1,953,095 2,169,740
Second generationCensus data footnote 70 3,049,835 1,525,300 1,524,540 3,049,835 1,525,300 1,524,540
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71 6,069,485 2,993,845 3,075,640 6,069,485 2,993,845 3,075,640
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72 2,825,480 1,331,730 1,493,750 2,825,480 1,331,730 1,493,750
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73 1,364,380 677,695 686,685 1,364,380 677,695 686,685
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74 540,795 338,460 202,335 540,795 338,460 202,335
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75 823,580 339,240 484,350 823,580 339,240 484,350
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76 940,405 382,890 557,520 940,405 382,890 557,520
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77 482,665 253,750 228,910 482,665 253,750 228,910
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78 38,035 17,400 20,640 38,035 17,400 20,640
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79 13,242,160 6,472,240 6,769,920 13,242,160 6,472,240 6,769,920
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80 374,395 179,970 194,420 374,395 179,970 194,420
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81 361,125 173,685 187,445 361,125 173,685 187,445
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82 236,680 112,840 123,845 236,680 112,840 123,845
Métis 120,585 59,015 61,570 120,585 59,015 61,570
Inuk (Inuit) 3,860 1,835 2,030 3,860 1,835 2,030
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83 5,730 2,680 3,045 5,730 2,680 3,045
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84 7,540 3,615 3,930 7,540 3,615 3,930
Non-Aboriginal identity 12,867,765 6,292,265 6,575,500 12,867,765 6,292,265 6,575,500
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85 13,242,160 6,472,240 6,769,925 13,242,160 6,472,240 6,769,925
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86 170,895 81,560 89,335 170,895 81,560 89,335
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian 13,071,265 6,390,680 6,680,585 13,071,265 6,390,680 6,680,585
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87 13,242,160 6,472,240 6,769,920 13,242,160 6,472,240 6,769,920
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88 112,875 54,840 58,035 112,875 54,840 58,035
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89 111,575 54,180 57,395 111,575 54,180 57,395
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82 97,430 47,130 50,305 97,430 47,130 50,305
Métis single ancestry 12,925 6,490 6,435 12,925 6,490 6,435
Inuit single ancestry 1,220 565 655 1,220 565 655
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90 1,295 665 640 1,295 665 640
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries 1,055 545 510 1,055 545 510
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries 145 70 75 145 70 75
Métis and Inuit ancestries 65 25 40 65 25 40
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries 30 20 10 30 20 10
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91 405,425 192,320 213,100 405,425 192,320 213,100
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92 395,205 187,695 207,510 395,205 187,695 207,510
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries 276,920 130,810 146,110 276,920 130,810 146,110
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries 113,785 54,830 58,955 113,785 54,830 58,955
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries 4,500 2,050 2,450 4,500 2,050 2,450
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93 10,215 4,620 5,590 10,215 4,620 5,590
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries 9,305 4,205 5,100 9,305 4,205 5,100
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries 595 290 305 595 290 305
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries 300 125 170 300 125 170
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries 15 0 10 15 0 10
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94 12,723,865 6,225,080 6,498,785 12,723,865 6,225,080 6,498,785
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95 13,242,160 6,472,240 6,769,920 13,242,160 6,472,240 6,769,920
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96 3,885,585 1,878,075 2,007,505 3,885,585 1,878,075 2,007,505
South AsianCensus data footnote 97 1,150,415 582,010 568,400 1,150,415 582,010 568,400
Chinese 754,550 359,230 395,315 754,550 359,230 395,315
Black 627,715 296,270 331,445 627,715 296,270 331,445
Filipino 311,675 132,440 179,230 311,675 132,440 179,230
Latin American 195,950 93,645 102,310 195,950 93,645 102,310
Arab 210,435 109,585 100,850 210,435 109,585 100,850
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98 133,855 63,255 70,605 133,855 63,255 70,605
West AsianCensus data footnote 99 154,670 77,385 77,280 154,670 77,385 77,280
Korean 88,935 42,445 46,495 88,935 42,445 46,495
Japanese 30,830 13,595 17,235 30,830 13,595 17,235
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100 97,970 46,105 51,860 97,970 46,105 51,860
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101 128,585 62,105 66,485 128,585 62,105 66,485
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102 9,356,575 4,594,165 4,762,410 9,356,575 4,594,165 4,762,410
Ethnic origin populationThe letter C inside a yellow triangle - correctionUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103 13,242,160 6,472,240 6,769,920 13,242,160 6,472,240 6,769,920
North American Aboriginal origins 518,300 247,160 271,135 518,300 247,160 271,135
First Nations (North American Indian) 385,505 183,075 202,430 385,505 183,075 202,430
Inuit 6,870 3,150 3,720 6,870 3,150 3,720
Métis 137,485 66,245 71,235 137,485 66,245 71,235
Other North American origins 3,220,595 1,585,255 1,635,340 3,220,595 1,585,255 1,635,340
Acadian 16,580 8,135 8,450 16,580 8,135 8,450
American 140,165 67,480 72,690 140,165 67,480 72,690
Canadian 3,109,770 1,531,645 1,578,125 3,109,770 1,531,645 1,578,125
New Brunswicker 320 190 125 320 190 125
Newfoundlander 10,850 5,520 5,325 10,850 5,520 5,325
Nova Scotian 1,485 685 800 1,485 685 800
Ontarian 2,165 1,085 1,075 2,165 1,085 1,075
Québécois 5,390 2,730 2,665 5,390 2,730 2,665
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104 675 375 300 675 375 300
European origins 8,151,470 3,978,900 4,172,570 8,151,470 3,978,900 4,172,570
British Isles origins 4,900,430 2,380,595 2,519,835 4,900,430 2,380,595 2,519,835
Channel Islander 1,120 530 590 1,120 530 590
Cornish 755 370 385 755 370 385
English 2,808,805 1,357,650 1,451,160 2,808,805 1,357,650 1,451,160
Irish 2,095,460 991,625 1,103,835 2,095,460 991,625 1,103,835
Manx 2,450 1,320 1,130 2,450 1,320 1,130
Scottish 2,107,295 1,016,260 1,091,030 2,107,295 1,016,260 1,091,030
Welsh 198,475 94,555 103,920 198,475 94,555 103,920
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105 323,185 152,525 170,660 323,185 152,525 170,660
French origins 1,350,520 643,360 707,160 1,350,520 643,360 707,160
Alsatian 1,235 495 740 1,235 495 740
Breton 290 175 120 290 175 120
Corsican 205 125 85 205 125 85
French 1,349,255 642,790 706,470 1,349,255 642,790 706,470
Western European origins (except French origins) 1,766,975 864,010 902,970 1,766,975 864,010 902,970
Austrian 72,475 35,415 37,065 72,475 35,415 37,065
Bavarian 450 225 230 450 225 230
Belgian 57,890 28,460 29,430 57,890 28,460 29,430
Dutch 527,750 259,585 268,165 527,750 259,585 268,165
Flemish 4,005 2,005 1,995 4,005 2,005 1,995
Frisian 2,705 1,400 1,305 2,705 1,400 1,305
German 1,189,670 579,315 610,355 1,189,670 579,315 610,355
Luxembourger 915 500 415 915 500 415
Swiss 59,835 29,395 30,440 59,835 29,395 30,440
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106 1,095 560 530 1,095 560 530
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins) 266,085 127,885 138,195 266,085 127,885 138,195
Danish 53,555 26,355 27,195 53,555 26,355 27,195
Finnish 76,755 36,955 39,800 76,755 36,955 39,800
Icelandic 13,215 6,325 6,895 13,215 6,325 6,895
Norwegian 59,335 28,350 30,980 59,335 28,350 30,980
Swedish 71,035 32,705 38,325 71,035 32,705 38,325
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107 12,540 6,400 6,140 12,540 6,400 6,140
Eastern European origins 1,339,610 644,610 695,000 1,339,610 644,610 695,000
Bulgarian 16,750 8,230 8,525 16,750 8,230 8,525
Byelorussian 11,690 5,645 6,045 11,690 5,645 6,045
Czech 42,340 20,815 21,530 42,340 20,815 21,530
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108 14,810 6,820 7,990 14,810 6,820 7,990
Estonian 15,075 7,255 7,825 15,075 7,255 7,825
Hungarian 163,500 79,850 83,655 163,500 79,850 83,655
Latvian 18,095 8,615 9,480 18,095 8,615 9,480
Lithuanian 35,100 16,965 18,135 35,100 16,965 18,135
Moldovan 3,905 1,910 1,995 3,905 1,910 1,995
Polish 523,490 251,575 271,910 523,490 251,575 271,910
Romanian 98,235 46,825 51,410 98,235 46,825 51,410
Russian 220,850 103,650 117,200 220,850 103,650 117,200
Slovak 40,535 19,645 20,885 40,535 19,645 20,885
Ukrainian 376,440 181,725 194,715 376,440 181,725 194,715
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109 10,330 4,940 5,390 10,330 4,940 5,390
Southern European origins 1,772,160 880,335 891,830 1,772,160 880,335 891,830
Albanian 25,980 13,085 12,895 25,980 13,085 12,895
Bosnian 14,680 7,255 7,425 14,680 7,255 7,425
Catalan 285 180 110 285 180 110
Croatian 82,220 41,350 40,875 82,220 41,350 40,875
Cypriot 4,400 2,170 2,230 4,400 2,170 2,230
Greek 148,555 74,830 73,720 148,555 74,830 73,720
Italian 931,805 467,100 464,705 931,805 467,100 464,705
Kosovar 1,305 655 650 1,305 655 650
Macedonian 39,440 19,820 19,625 39,440 19,820 19,625
Maltese 35,255 17,525 17,730 35,255 17,525 17,730
Montenegrin 2,545 1,295 1,250 2,545 1,295 1,250
Portuguese 324,930 160,970 163,960 324,930 160,970 163,960
Serbian 66,835 34,035 32,800 66,835 34,035 32,800
Sicilian 4,190 2,090 2,100 4,190 2,090 2,100
Slovenian 26,485 13,215 13,275 26,485 13,215 13,275
Spanish 171,145 78,880 92,265 171,145 78,880 92,265
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110 20,245 9,785 10,460 20,245 9,785 10,460
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111 965 425 540 965 425 540
Other European origins 105,865 53,050 52,820 105,865 53,050 52,820
Basque 1,585 805 780 1,585 805 780
Jewish 77,280 38,860 38,425 77,280 38,860 38,425
Roma (Gypsy) 2,295 1,050 1,245 2,295 1,050 1,245
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112 2,065 1,110 955 2,065 1,110 955
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113 23,290 11,540 11,750 23,290 11,540 11,750
Caribbean origins 462,600 213,660 248,940 462,600 213,660 248,940
Antiguan 3,275 1,480 1,800 3,275 1,480 1,800
Bahamian 2,305 1,190 1,115 2,305 1,190 1,115
Barbadian 26,625 12,375 14,250 26,625 12,375 14,250
Bermudan 2,010 925 1,085 2,010 925 1,085
Carib 2,295 855 1,440 2,295 855 1,440
Cuban 14,490 6,625 7,865 14,490 6,625 7,865
Dominican 9,180 4,420 4,760 9,180 4,420 4,760
Grenadian 14,690 6,420 8,275 14,690 6,420 8,275
Guadeloupean 70 20 50 70 20 50
Haitian 17,715 8,085 9,630 17,715 8,085 9,630
Jamaican 257,060 119,100 137,955 257,060 119,100 137,955
Kittitian/Nevisian 2,260 1,090 1,175 2,260 1,090 1,175
Martinican 195 65 125 195 65 125
Montserratan 620 300 325 620 300 325
Puerto Rican 1,495 755 740 1,495 755 740
St. Lucian 7,170 3,195 3,985 7,170 3,195 3,985
Trinidadian/Tobagonian 59,560 27,850 31,710 59,560 27,850 31,710
Vincentian/Grenadinian 12,155 5,250 6,905 12,155 5,250 6,905
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114 56,865 25,380 31,480 56,865 25,380 31,480
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115 16,970 7,770 9,195 16,970 7,770 9,195
Latin, Central and South American origins 322,210 153,045 169,165 322,210 153,045 169,165
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya) 10,795 5,040 5,750 10,795 5,040 5,750
Arawak 1,055 470 585 1,055 470 585
Argentinian 11,460 5,620 5,840 11,460 5,620 5,840
Belizean 810 395 415 810 395 415
Bolivian 1,885 935 955 1,885 935 955
Brazilian 18,395 8,760 9,635 18,395 8,760 9,635
Chilean 14,625 7,015 7,610 14,625 7,015 7,610
Colombian 40,820 19,345 21,480 40,820 19,345 21,480
Costa Rican 2,790 1,380 1,410 2,790 1,380 1,410
Ecuadorian 20,385 9,650 10,735 20,385 9,650 10,735
Guatemalan 10,040 4,870 5,170 10,040 4,870 5,170
Guyanese 73,360 34,050 39,315 73,360 34,050 39,315
Hispanic 5,805 2,790 3,015 5,805 2,790 3,015
Honduran 3,360 1,590 1,765 3,360 1,590 1,765
Maya 2,500 1,285 1,215 2,500 1,285 1,215
Mexican 43,120 20,735 22,380 43,120 20,735 22,380
Nicaraguan 7,100 3,440 3,665 7,100 3,440 3,665
Panamanian 2,475 1,125 1,355 2,475 1,125 1,355
Paraguayan 600 280 320 600 280 320
Peruvian 14,780 6,985 7,800 14,780 6,985 7,800
Salvadorean 27,595 13,530 14,070 27,595 13,530 14,070
Uruguayan 4,200 2,150 2,050 4,200 2,150 2,050
Venezuelan 11,750 5,320 6,430 11,750 5,320 6,430
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116 14,095 6,745 7,350 14,095 6,745 7,350
African origins 414,095 203,260 210,835 414,095 203,260 210,835
Central and West African origins 85,735 42,745 42,990 85,735 42,745 42,990
Akan 965 540 425 965 540 425
Angolan 1,635 815 820 1,635 815 820
Ashanti 1,205 620 585 1,205 620 585
Beninese 555 280 270 555 280 270
Burkinabe 415 190 225 415 190 225
Cameroonian 4,700 2,330 2,370 4,700 2,330 2,370
Chadian 645 320 325 645 320 325
Congolese 10,425 4,960 5,460 10,425 4,960 5,460
Edo 1,025 545 480 1,025 545 480
Ewe 180 95 80 180 95 80
Gabonese 170 80 90 170 80 90
Gambian 630 305 330 630 305 330
Ghanaian 24,850 12,060 12,790 24,850 12,060 12,790
Guinean 1,105 550 560 1,105 550 560
Ibo 1,940 1,035 905 1,940 1,035 905
Ivorian 1,350 600 745 1,350 600 745
Liberian 770 365 405 770 365 405
Malian 490 250 240 490 250 240
Malinké 345 160 185 345 160 185
Nigerian 26,560 13,620 12,940 26,560 13,620 12,940
Peulh 135 80 55 135 80 55
Senegalese 1,000 500 495 1,000 500 495
Sierra Leonean 1,175 585 585 1,175 585 585
Togolese 670 370 300 670 370 300
Wolof 80 45 35 80 45 35
Yoruba 4,055 2,155 1,900 4,055 2,155 1,900
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117 4,745 2,340 2,410 4,745 2,340 2,410
North African origins 86,665 44,970 41,695 86,665 44,970 41,695
Algerian 4,065 2,035 2,030 4,065 2,035 2,030
Berber 1,845 985 860 1,845 985 860
Coptic 2,305 1,185 1,120 2,305 1,185 1,120
Dinka 205 110 95 205 110 95
Egyptian 52,845 27,465 25,375 52,845 27,465 25,375
Libyan 3,785 2,015 1,760 3,785 2,015 1,760
Maure 290 160 125 290 160 125
Moroccan 12,305 6,310 6,000 12,305 6,310 6,000
Sudanese 8,975 4,600 4,375 8,975 4,600 4,375
Tunisian 2,295 1,210 1,085 2,295 1,210 1,085
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118 1,755 920 830 1,755 920 830
Southern and East African origins 128,910 61,680 67,230 128,910 61,680 67,230
Afrikaner 560 285 275 560 285 275
Amhara 720 360 360 720 360 360
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119 870 455 415 870 455 415
Burundian 3,105 1,465 1,640 3,105 1,465 1,640
Djiboutian 1,035 460 575 1,035 460 575
Eritrean 11,870 5,740 6,125 11,870 5,740 6,125
Ethiopian 22,560 10,755 11,800 22,560 10,755 11,800
Harari 475 255 215 475 255 215
Kenyan 5,860 2,780 3,080 5,860 2,780 3,080
Malagasy 430 200 230 430 200 230
Mauritian 3,600 1,830 1,770 3,600 1,830 1,770
Oromo 1,290 610 685 1,290 610 685
Rwandan 3,215 1,380 1,830 3,215 1,380 1,830
Seychellois 350 140 205 350 140 205
Somali 40,995 19,200 21,795 40,995 19,200 21,795
South African 19,760 9,790 9,970 19,760 9,790 9,970
Tanzanian 2,610 1,300 1,315 2,610 1,300 1,315
Tigrian 770 395 375 770 395 375
Ugandan 2,950 1,445 1,505 2,950 1,445 1,505
Zambian 805 410 395 805 410 395
Zimbabwean 3,425 1,595 1,830 3,425 1,595 1,830
Zulu 440 225 215 440 225 215
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120 8,475 3,900 4,570 8,475 3,900 4,570
Other African origins 119,670 57,245 62,420 119,670 57,245 62,420
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121 17,380 7,720 9,660 17,380 7,720 9,660
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122 103,560 50,150 53,410 103,560 50,150 53,410
Asian origins 3,100,450 1,506,795 1,593,655 3,100,450 1,506,795 1,593,655
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins 523,340 265,615 257,730 523,340 265,615 257,730
Afghan 54,535 27,255 27,280 54,535 27,255 27,280
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123 44,705 23,345 21,360 44,705 23,345 21,360
Armenian 29,675 14,570 15,105 29,675 14,570 15,105
Assyrian 12,075 6,140 5,935 12,075 6,140 5,935
Azerbaijani 4,105 1,995 2,110 4,105 1,995 2,110
Georgian 2,815 1,415 1,395 2,815 1,415 1,395
Hazara 680 390 290 680 390 290
Iranian 117,065 58,995 58,065 117,065 58,995 58,065
Iraqi 50,460 25,420 25,035 50,460 25,420 25,035
Israeli 17,080 8,890 8,185 17,080 8,890 8,185
Jordanian 9,660 5,110 4,545 9,660 5,110 4,545
Kazakh 1,325 610 715 1,325 610 715
Kurd 9,210 4,880 4,330 9,210 4,880 4,330
Kuwaiti 1,510 795 715 1,510 795 715
Kyrgyz 340 130 210 340 130 210
Lebanese 86,245 43,700 42,545 86,245 43,700 42,545
Palestinian 28,480 15,215 13,270 28,480 15,215 13,270
Pashtun 3,010 1,635 1,375 3,010 1,635 1,375
Saudi Arabian 3,660 1,975 1,685 3,660 1,975 1,685
Syrian 31,440 15,570 15,870 31,440 15,570 15,870
Tajik 1,850 880 970 1,850 880 970
Tatar 2,135 930 1,205 2,135 930 1,205
Turk 34,165 17,340 16,825 34,165 17,340 16,825
Turkmen 695 345 355 695 345 355
Uighur 755 385 375 755 385 375
Uzbek 2,400 1,155 1,240 2,400 1,155 1,240
Yemeni 4,225 2,065 2,155 4,225 2,065 2,155
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124 16,270 8,395 7,875 16,270 8,395 7,875
South Asian origins 1,182,845 595,480 587,370 1,182,845 595,480 587,370
Bangladeshi 29,195 14,965 14,230 29,195 14,965 14,230
Bengali 15,235 7,795 7,445 15,235 7,795 7,445
Bhutanese 1,450 710 735 1,450 710 735
East Indian 774,500 390,015 384,480 774,500 390,015 384,480
Goan 4,775 2,245 2,525 4,775 2,245 2,525
Gujarati 5,915 3,055 2,860 5,915 3,055 2,860
Kashmiri 1,795 900 895 1,795 900 895
Nepali 8,150 4,070 4,080 8,150 4,070 4,080
Pakistani 149,060 75,860 73,200 149,060 75,860 73,200
Punjabi 55,455 28,580 26,875 55,455 28,580 26,875
Sinhalese 5,195 2,545 2,645 5,195 2,545 2,645
Sri Lankan 124,270 60,685 63,585 124,270 60,685 63,585
Tamil 42,760 21,705 21,050 42,760 21,705 21,050
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125 58,705 29,705 29,005 58,705 29,705 29,005
East and Southeast Asian origins 1,422,890 659,650 763,245 1,422,890 659,650 763,245
Burmese 4,420 2,105 2,315 4,420 2,105 2,315
Cambodian (Khmer) 14,655 6,810 7,845 14,655 6,810 7,845
Chinese 849,345 403,280 446,065 849,345 403,280 446,065
Filipino 337,760 144,830 192,930 337,760 144,830 192,930
Hmong 650 340 305 650 340 305
Indonesian 9,325 4,305 5,025 9,325 4,305 5,025
Japanese 41,620 18,530 23,090 41,620 18,530 23,090
Karen 1,645 830 815 1,645 830 815
Korean 93,420 44,585 48,835 93,420 44,585 48,835
Laotian 9,875 4,865 5,015 9,875 4,865 5,015
Malaysian 7,310 3,370 3,935 7,310 3,370 3,935
Mongolian 2,940 1,390 1,545 2,940 1,390 1,545
Singaporean 1,260 565 700 1,260 565 700
Taiwanese 10,060 4,595 5,465 10,060 4,595 5,465
Thai 6,865 2,725 4,135 6,865 2,725 4,135
Tibetan 6,365 3,175 3,185 6,365 3,175 3,185
Vietnamese 107,640 51,350 56,290 107,640 51,350 56,290
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126 4,375 2,165 2,210 4,375 2,165 2,210
Other Asian origins 13,430 6,575 6,855 13,430 6,575 6,855
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127 13,430 6,575 6,855 13,430 6,575 6,855
Oceania origins 20,680 10,435 10,240 20,680 10,435 10,240
Australian 13,315 6,780 6,530 13,315 6,780 6,530
New Zealander 4,250 2,255 2,000 4,250 2,255 2,000
Pacific Islands origins 3,490 1,625 1,860 3,490 1,625 1,860
Fijian 1,610 665 945 1,610 665 945
Hawaiian 470 235 240 470 235 240
Maori 485 255 230 485 255 230
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128 275 115 165 275 115 165
Samoan 225 140 85 225 140 85
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129 555 265 290 555 265 290
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130 5,169,175 ... ... 5,169,175 ... ...
Owner 3,601,825 ... ... 3,601,825 ... ...
Renter 1,559,720 ... ... 1,559,720 ... ...
Band housing 7,635 ... ... 7,635 ... ...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131 5,169,170 ... ... 5,169,170 ... ...
Condominium 680,495 ... ... 680,495 ... ...
Not condominium 4,488,680 ... ... 4,488,680 ... ...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132 5,169,175 ... ... 5,169,175 ... ...
No bedrooms 33,950 ... ... 33,950 ... ...
1 bedroom 699,980 ... ... 699,980 ... ...
2 bedrooms 1,122,145 ... ... 1,122,145 ... ...
3 bedrooms 1,876,905 ... ... 1,876,905 ... ...
4 or more bedrooms 1,436,185 ... ... 1,436,185 ... ...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133 5,169,170 ... ... 5,169,170 ... ...
1 to 4 rooms 1,369,660 ... ... 1,369,660 ... ...
5 rooms 718,020 ... ... 718,020 ... ...
6 rooms 770,730 ... ... 770,730 ... ...
7 rooms 713,595 ... ... 713,595 ... ...
8 or more rooms 1,597,165 ... ... 1,597,165 ... ...
Average number of rooms per dwelling 6.3 ... ... 6.3 ... ...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134 5,169,175 ... ... 5,169,175 ... ...
One person or fewer per room 5,046,810 ... ... 5,046,810 ... ...
More than 1 person per room 122,360 ... ... 122,360 ... ...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135 5,169,175 ... ... 5,169,175 ... ...
Suitable 4,858,170 ... ... 4,858,170 ... ...
Not suitable 311,005 ... ... 311,005 ... ...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136 5,169,175 ... ... 5,169,175 ... ...
1960 or before 1,293,135 ... ... 1,293,135 ... ...
1961 to 1980 1,449,585 ... ... 1,449,585 ... ...
1981 to 1990 709,135 ... ... 709,135 ... ...
1991 to 2000 622,565 ... ... 622,565 ... ...
2001 to 2005 396,130 ... ... 396,130 ... ...
2006 to 2010 368,235 ... ... 368,235 ... ...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137 330,390 ... ... 330,390 ... ...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138 5,169,175 ... ... 5,169,175 ... ...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed 4,851,335 ... ... 4,851,335 ... ...
Major repairs needed 317,840 ... ... 317,840 ... ...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139 5,169,170 ... ... 5,169,170 ... ...
1 household maintainer 2,962,065 ... ... 2,962,065 ... ...
2 household maintainers 2,059,710 ... ... 2,059,710 ... ...
3 or more household maintainers 147,400 ... ... 147,400 ... ...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140 5,169,175 ... ... 5,169,175 ... ...
15 to 24 years 135,835 ... ... 135,835 ... ...
25 to 34 years 681,685 ... ... 681,685 ... ...
35 to 44 years 880,070 ... ... 880,070 ... ...
45 to 54 years 1,113,885 ... ... 1,113,885 ... ...
55 to 64 years 1,047,185 ... ... 1,047,185 ... ...
65 to 74 years 738,445 ... ... 738,445 ... ...
75 to 84 years 414,210 ... ... 414,210 ... ...
85 years and over 157,860 ... ... 157,860 ... ...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141 5,106,290 ... ... 5,106,290 ... ...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs 3,694,385 ... ... 3,694,385 ... ...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs 1,411,900 ... ... 1,411,900 ... ...
30% to less than 100% 1,208,010 ... ... 1,208,010 ... ...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data 3,557,485 ... ... 3,557,485 ... ...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142 61.0 ... ... 61.0 ... ...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141 19.8 ... ... 19.8 ... ...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143 1,299 ... ... 1,299 ... ...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143 1,463 ... ... 1,463 ... ...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144 400,496 ... ... 400,496 ... ...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144 506,409 ... ... 506,409 ... ...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data 1,554,940 ... ... 1,554,940 ... ...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145 15.0 ... ... 15.0 ... ...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141 45.7 ... ... 45.7 ... ...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143 1,045 ... ... 1,045 ... ...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143 1,109 ... ... 1,109 ... ...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146 11,038,440 5,342,755 5,695,685 11,038,440 5,342,755 5,695,685
No certificate, diploma or degree 1,935,355 961,690 973,670 1,935,355 961,690 973,670
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147 3,026,100 1,485,320 1,540,770 3,026,100 1,485,320 1,540,770
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree 6,076,985 2,895,745 3,181,235 6,076,985 2,895,745 3,181,235
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma 664,180 471,055 193,120 664,180 471,055 193,120
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148 324,370 199,510 124,855 324,370 199,510 124,855
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149 339,810 271,545 68,260 339,810 271,545 68,260
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma 2,298,715 981,785 1,316,930 2,298,715 981,785 1,316,930
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level 242,005 107,065 134,945 242,005 107,065 134,945
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above 2,872,085 1,335,845 1,536,250 2,872,085 1,335,845 1,536,250
Bachelor's degree 1,911,530 854,135 1,057,395 1,911,530 854,135 1,057,395
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level 189,370 83,670 105,695 189,370 83,670 105,695
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry 79,760 42,295 37,460 79,760 42,295 37,460
Master's degree 593,645 294,180 299,470 593,645 294,180 299,470
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150 97,790 61,560 36,230 97,790 61,560 36,230
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146 7,229,120 3,498,620 3,730,495 7,229,120 3,498,620 3,730,495
No certificate, diploma or degree 752,995 404,770 348,225 752,995 404,770 348,225
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147 1,768,955 895,020 873,935 1,768,955 895,020 873,935
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree 4,707,165 2,198,830 2,508,335 4,707,165 2,198,830 2,508,335
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma 446,390 315,975 130,420 446,390 315,975 130,420
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148 218,980 134,685 84,295 218,980 134,685 84,295
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149 227,410 181,290 46,120 227,410 181,290 46,120
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma 1,782,530 762,505 1,020,030 1,782,530 762,505 1,020,030
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level 170,925 75,935 94,995 170,925 75,935 94,995
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above 2,307,320 1,044,420 1,262,895 2,307,320 1,044,420 1,262,895
Bachelor's degree 1,519,850 668,450 851,400 1,519,850 668,450 851,400
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level 148,960 62,370 86,590 148,960 62,370 86,590
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry 63,790 30,895 32,895 63,790 30,895 32,895
Master's degree 500,415 239,160 261,255 500,415 239,160 261,255
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150 74,310 43,545 30,765 74,310 43,545 30,765
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151 11,038,440 5,342,755 5,695,685 11,038,440 5,342,755 5,695,685
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152 4,961,455 2,447,010 2,514,445 4,961,455 2,447,010 2,514,445
Education 349,745 79,245 270,505 349,745 79,245 270,505
13. Education 349,750 79,245 270,505 349,750 79,245 270,505
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies 246,075 109,955 136,120 246,075 109,955 136,120
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services 38,745 28,735 10,010 38,745 28,735 10,010
50. Visual and performing arts 207,325 81,220 126,110 207,325 81,220 126,110
Humanities 359,560 133,350 226,210 359,560 133,350 226,210
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics 37,900 8,170 29,730 37,900 8,170 29,730
23. English language and literature/letters 98,440 28,290 70,145 98,440 28,290 70,145
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities 95,345 32,940 62,410 95,345 32,940 62,410
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153 2,165 805 1,365 2,165 805 1,365
38. Philosophy and religious studies 24,255 13,425 10,830 24,255 13,425 10,830
39. Theology and religious vocations 28,175 17,120 11,055 28,175 17,120 11,055
54. History 57,295 30,015 27,280 57,295 30,015 27,280
55. French language and literature/letters 15,990 2,590 13,400 15,990 2,590 13,400
Social and behavioural sciences and law 810,410 269,735 540,670 810,410 269,735 540,670
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies 10,765 2,210 8,560 10,765 2,210 8,560
09. Communication, journalism and related programs 81,500 31,825 49,675 81,500 31,825 49,675
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences 141,750 11,775 129,975 141,750 11,775 129,975
22. Legal professions and studies 128,860 45,275 83,590 128,860 45,275 83,590
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154 16,210 3,400 12,815 16,210 3,400 12,815
42. Psychology 122,545 29,640 92,905 122,545 29,640 92,905
45. Social sciences 308,775 145,620 163,155 308,775 145,620 163,155
Business, management and public administration 1,279,665 527,085 752,580 1,279,665 527,085 752,580
30.16 Accounting and computer science 2,725 895 1,830 2,725 895 1,830
44. Public administration and social service professions 108,935 21,405 87,530 108,935 21,405 87,530
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services 1,168,005 504,780 663,225 1,168,005 504,780 663,225
Physical and life sciences and technologies 253,905 124,050 129,850 253,905 124,050 129,850
26. Biological and biomedical sciences 110,950 45,120 65,835 110,950 45,120 65,835
30.01 Biological and physical sciences 54,745 24,800 29,945 54,745 24,800 29,945
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155 3,830 1,190 2,640 3,830 1,190 2,640
40. Physical sciences 72,355 48,145 24,205 72,355 48,145 24,205
41. Science technologies/technicians 12,025 4,795 7,235 12,025 4,795 7,235
Mathematics, computer and information sciences 290,045 185,310 104,730 290,045 185,310 104,730
11. Computer and information sciences and support services 220,550 150,765 69,790 220,550 150,765 69,790
25. Library science 15,220 2,450 12,770 15,220 2,450 12,770
27. Mathematics and statistics 49,025 28,515 20,515 49,025 28,515 20,515
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156 5,235 3,580 1,655 5,235 3,580 1,655
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies 1,173,030 1,055,050 117,985 1,173,030 1,055,050 117,985
04. Architecture and related services 51,845 34,590 17,265 51,845 34,590 17,265
14. Engineering 334,085 271,010 63,070 334,085 271,010 63,070
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields 237,775 214,500 23,275 237,775 214,500 23,275
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation 160 30 125 160 30 125
46. Construction trades 198,790 194,555 4,235 198,790 194,555 4,235
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians 225,860 220,545 5,315 225,860 220,545 5,315
48. Precision production 124,515 119,820 4,695 124,515 119,820 4,695
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation 106,895 67,015 39,880 106,895 67,015 39,880
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences 66,035 41,790 24,240 66,035 41,790 24,240
03. Natural resources and conservation 40,860 25,230 15,635 40,860 25,230 15,635
Health and related fields 865,970 173,780 692,185 865,970 173,780 692,185
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies 75,715 37,005 38,705 75,715 37,005 38,705
51. Health professions and related programs 767,680 124,280 643,400 767,680 124,280 643,400
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs 22,575 12,490 10,075 22,575 12,490 10,075
Personal, protective and transportation services 340,285 170,915 169,375 340,285 170,915 169,375
12. Personal and culinary services 183,925 49,390 134,535 183,925 49,390 134,535
28. Military science, leadership and operational art 2,135 1,815 320 2,135 1,815 320
29. Military technologies and applied sciences 2,610 2,385 225 2,610 2,385 225
43. Security and protective services 98,325 68,625 29,695 98,325 68,625 29,695
49. Transportation and materials moving 53,290 48,695 4,595 53,290 48,695 4,595
Other 1,405 260 1,145 1,405 260 1,145
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other 1,405 255 1,145 1,405 255 1,145
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151 7,229,120 3,498,625 3,730,500 7,229,120 3,498,625 3,730,500
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152 2,521,950 1,299,790 1,222,160 2,521,950 1,299,790 1,222,160
Education 243,635 52,670 190,965 243,635 52,670 190,965
13. Education 243,635 52,670 190,965 243,635 52,670 190,965
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies 192,630 85,175 107,450 192,630 85,175 107,450
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services 28,705 21,070 7,635 28,705 21,070 7,635
50. Visual and performing arts 163,925 64,105 99,815 163,925 64,105 99,815
Humanities 266,665 95,805 170,855 266,665 95,805 170,855
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics 29,210 5,775 23,435 29,210 5,775 23,435
23. English language and literature/letters 73,110 20,225 52,885 73,110 20,225 52,885
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities 72,145 24,330 47,815 72,145 24,330 47,815
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153 1,665 615 1,045 1,665 615 1,045
38. Philosophy and religious studies 17,755 9,925 7,830 17,755 9,925 7,830
39. Theology and religious vocations 19,390 11,790 7,605 19,390 11,790 7,605
54. History 42,315 21,735 20,585 42,315 21,735 20,585
55. French language and literature/letters 11,075 1,415 9,655 11,075 1,415 9,655
Social and behavioural sciences and law 648,285 207,200 441,085 648,285 207,200 441,085
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies 8,630 1,785 6,845 8,630 1,785 6,845
09. Communication, journalism and related programs 67,115 26,015 41,105 67,115 26,015 41,105
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences 111,550 8,405 103,145 111,550 8,405 103,145
22. Legal professions and studies 108,895 34,250 74,650 108,895 34,250 74,650
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154 12,875 2,705 10,170 12,875 2,705 10,170
42. Psychology 93,770 21,045 72,725 93,770 21,045 72,725
45. Social sciences 245,445 113,000 132,445 245,445 113,000 132,445
Business, management and public administration 1,026,975 414,425 612,550 1,026,975 414,425 612,550
30.16 Accounting and computer science 2,225 715 1,510 2,225 715 1,510
44. Public administration and social service professions 88,130 16,590 71,540 88,130 16,590 71,540
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services 936,620 397,120 539,500 936,620 397,120 539,500
Physical and life sciences and technologies 190,235 88,535 101,700 190,235 88,535 101,700
26. Biological and biomedical sciences 84,580 33,150 51,425 84,580 33,150 51,425
30.01 Biological and physical sciences 41,255 18,020 23,240 41,255 18,020 23,240
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155 3,135 975 2,165 3,135 975 2,165
40. Physical sciences 52,490 33,175 19,310 52,490 33,175 19,310
41. Science technologies/technicians 8,775 3,215 5,555 8,775 3,215 5,555
Mathematics, computer and information sciences 252,275 162,360 89,915 252,275 162,360 89,915
11. Computer and information sciences and support services 198,775 136,120 62,655 198,775 136,120 62,655
25. Library science 10,755 1,765 8,995 10,755 1,765 8,995
27. Mathematics and statistics 38,160 21,440 16,720 38,160 21,440 16,720
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156 4,580 3,030 1,550 4,580 3,030 1,550
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies 878,300 779,075 99,225 878,300 779,075 99,225
04. Architecture and related services 42,115 27,365 14,745 42,115 27,365 14,745
14. Engineering 266,040 211,240 54,800 266,040 211,240 54,800
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields 178,830 160,160 18,675 178,830 160,160 18,675
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation 140 25 115 140 25 115
46. Construction trades 141,515 138,160 3,360 141,515 138,160 3,360
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians 162,855 158,770 4,080 162,855 158,770 4,080
48. Precision production 86,805 83,355 3,450 86,805 83,355 3,450
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation 82,775 49,710 33,065 82,775 49,710 33,065
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences 50,160 30,065 20,095 50,160 30,065 20,095
03. Natural resources and conservation 32,615 19,650 12,965 32,615 19,650 12,965
Health and related fields 664,880 133,665 531,220 664,880 133,665 531,220
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies 58,160 27,950 30,205 58,160 27,950 30,205
51. Health professions and related programs 589,085 96,720 492,365 589,085 96,720 492,365
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs 17,640 8,990 8,645 17,640 8,990 8,645
Personal, protective and transportation services 259,400 129,985 129,415 259,400 129,985 129,415
12. Personal and culinary services 137,250 36,225 101,030 137,250 36,225 101,030
28. Military science, leadership and operational art 1,685 1,405 280 1,685 1,405 280
29. Military technologies and applied sciences 1,415 1,270 145 1,415 1,270 145
43. Security and protective services 77,190 52,840 24,345 77,190 52,840 24,345
49. Transportation and materials moving 41,855 38,245 3,610 41,855 38,245 3,610
Other 1,125 220 900 1,125 220 900
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other 1,125 225 900 1,125 225 900
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157 11,038,440 5,342,755 5,695,685 11,038,440 5,342,755 5,695,685
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree 4,961,460 2,447,010 2,514,445 4,961,460 2,447,010 2,514,445
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158 6,076,985 2,895,745 3,181,240 6,076,985 2,895,745 3,181,240
Location of study inside Canada 4,786,950 2,261,260 2,525,690 4,786,950 2,261,260 2,525,690
Same as province or territory of residence 4,414,485 2,081,525 2,332,960 4,414,485 2,081,525 2,332,960
Different than province or territory of residence 372,470 179,735 192,730 372,470 179,735 192,730
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159 1,290,035 634,485 655,545 1,290,035 634,485 655,545
United StatesCensus data footnote 160 167,260 89,350 77,910 167,260 89,350 77,910
Philippines 115,410 39,750 75,655 115,410 39,750 75,655
India 169,340 85,500 83,840 169,340 85,500 83,840
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161 115,690 66,215 49,470 115,690 66,215 49,470
ChinaCensus data footnote 162 98,415 46,230 52,185 98,415 46,230 52,185
France 10,775 5,800 4,975 10,775 5,800 4,975
Other 613,145 301,635 311,510 613,145 301,635 311,510
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157 7,229,120 3,498,620 3,730,500 7,229,120 3,498,620 3,730,500
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree 2,521,955 1,299,795 1,222,160 2,521,955 1,299,795 1,222,160
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158 4,707,170 2,198,830 2,508,335 4,707,170 2,198,830 2,508,335
Location of study inside Canada 3,713,145 1,728,610 1,984,540 3,713,145 1,728,610 1,984,540
Same as province or territory of residence 3,432,015 1,593,170 1,838,850 3,432,015 1,593,170 1,838,850
Different than province or territory of residence 281,130 135,440 145,690 281,130 135,440 145,690
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159 994,025 470,225 523,800 994,025 470,225 523,800
United StatesCensus data footnote 160 127,005 65,045 61,960 127,005 65,045 61,960
Philippines 97,230 32,925 64,300 97,230 32,925 64,300
India 143,205 70,040 73,175 143,205 70,040 73,175
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161 62,325 34,315 28,010 62,325 34,315 28,010
ChinaCensus data footnote 162 82,020 37,900 44,125 82,020 37,900 44,125
France 8,705 4,630 4,070 8,705 4,630 4,070
Other 473,530 225,365 248,160 473,530 225,365 248,160
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163 11,038,440 5,342,755 5,695,680 11,038,440 5,342,755 5,695,680
In the labour force 7,141,675 3,689,625 3,452,055 7,141,675 3,689,625 3,452,055
Employed 6,612,150 3,414,255 3,197,895 6,612,150 3,414,255 3,197,895
Unemployed 529,525 275,370 254,160 529,525 275,370 254,160
Not in the labour force 3,896,765 1,653,130 2,243,630 3,896,765 1,653,130 2,243,630
Participation rate 64.7 69.1 60.6 64.7 69.1 60.6
Employment rate 59.9 63.9 56.1 59.9 63.9 56.1
Unemployment rate 7.4 7.5 7.4 7.4 7.5 7.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164 11,038,440 5,342,755 5,695,685 11,038,440 5,342,755 5,695,685
Did not workCensus data footnote 165 3,696,235 1,561,475 2,134,755 3,696,235 1,561,475 2,134,755
Worked 7,342,205 3,781,280 3,560,925 7,342,205 3,781,280 3,560,925
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166 3,837,565 2,148,635 1,688,935 3,837,565 2,148,635 1,688,935
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167 3,504,645 1,632,645 1,871,995 3,504,645 1,632,645 1,871,995
Average weeks worked in reference year 42.9 43.4 42.3 42.9 43.4 42.3
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168 7,141,675 3,689,625 3,452,055 7,141,675 3,689,625 3,452,055
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169 171,050 81,735 89,315 171,050 81,735 89,315
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170 6,970,625 3,607,890 3,362,735 6,970,625 3,607,890 3,362,735
Employee 6,146,035 3,084,740 3,061,295 6,146,035 3,084,740 3,061,295
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171 824,595 523,145 301,445 824,595 523,145 301,445
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172 7,141,675 3,689,625 3,452,050 7,141,675 3,689,625 3,452,050
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169 171,045 81,735 89,315 171,045 81,735 89,315
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170 6,970,625 3,607,890 3,362,735 6,970,625 3,607,890 3,362,735
0 Management occupations 790,880 483,240 307,635 790,880 483,240 307,635
1 Business, finance and administration occupations 1,124,770 357,215 767,555 1,124,770 357,215 767,555
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations 516,110 399,195 116,915 516,110 399,195 116,915
3 Health occupations 447,045 90,495 356,550 447,045 90,495 356,550
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services 831,340 265,075 566,265 831,340 265,075 566,265
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport 225,720 104,445 121,275 225,720 104,445 121,275
6 Sales and service occupations 1,632,085 709,375 922,710 1,632,085 709,375 922,710
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations 927,820 866,870 60,950 927,820 866,870 60,950
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations 113,405 88,150 25,260 113,405 88,150 25,260
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities 361,455 243,835 117,620 361,455 243,835 117,620
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173 7,141,675 3,689,625 3,452,050 7,141,675 3,689,625 3,452,050
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169 171,050 81,730 89,315 171,050 81,730 89,315
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170 6,970,625 3,607,890 3,362,735 6,970,625 3,607,890 3,362,735
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting 102,070 67,005 35,070 102,070 67,005 35,070
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction 32,340 27,920 4,415 32,340 27,920 4,415
22 Utilities 50,820 38,195 12,630 50,820 38,195 12,630
23 Construction 476,835 419,600 57,230 476,835 419,600 57,230
31-33 Manufacturing 683,335 482,800 200,530 683,335 482,800 200,530
41 Wholesale trade 270,745 178,945 91,800 270,745 178,945 91,800
44-45 Retail trade 783,540 367,175 416,365 783,540 367,175 416,365
48-49 Transportation and warehousing 329,240 242,045 87,190 329,240 242,045 87,190
51 Information and cultural industries 176,715 101,045 75,670 176,715 101,045 75,670
52 Finance and insurance 380,765 169,590 211,180 380,765 169,590 211,180
53 Real estate and rental and leasing 144,275 77,385 66,890 144,275 77,385 66,890
54 Professional, scientific and technical services 567,825 316,685 251,140 567,825 316,685 251,140
55 Management of companies and enterprises 12,365 5,290 7,075 12,365 5,290 7,075
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services 338,640 190,210 148,430 338,640 190,210 148,430
61 Educational services 528,470 163,680 364,795 528,470 163,680 364,795
62 Health care and social assistance 754,555 134,270 620,275 754,555 134,270 620,275
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation 147,425 75,330 72,095 147,425 75,330 72,095
72 Accommodation and food services 478,070 201,260 276,805 478,070 201,260 276,805
81 Other services (except public administration) 296,960 133,220 163,745 296,960 133,220 163,745
91 Public administration 415,635 216,250 199,385 415,635 216,250 199,385
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174 6,612,150 3,414,255 3,197,900 6,612,150 3,414,255 3,197,900
Worked at home 480,290 242,495 237,795 480,290 242,495 237,795
Worked outside Canada 39,145 25,995 13,150 39,145 25,995 13,150
No fixed workplace address 736,715 536,140 200,570 736,715 536,140 200,570
Worked at usual place 5,355,995 2,609,620 2,746,375 5,355,995 2,609,620 2,746,375
Commuting destinationThe letter C inside a yellow triangle - correctionUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data 5,356,000 2,609,625 2,746,375 5,356,000 2,609,625 2,746,375
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence 3,109,070 1,418,260 1,690,810 3,109,070 1,418,260 1,690,810
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence 857,565 419,960 437,605 857,565 419,960 437,605
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence 1,350,375 749,770 600,605 1,350,375 749,770 600,605
Commute to a different province or territory 38,990 21,630 17,355 38,990 21,630 17,355
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175 6,092,710 3,145,765 2,946,945 6,092,710 3,145,765 2,946,945
Car, truck, van - as a driver 4,375,215 2,392,270 1,982,945 4,375,215 2,392,270 1,982,945
Car, truck, van - as a passenger 372,480 151,880 220,600 372,480 151,880 220,600
Public transit 888,920 376,690 512,235 888,920 376,690 512,235
Walked 320,015 143,885 176,130 320,015 143,885 176,130
Bicycle 75,460 50,200 25,260 75,460 50,200 25,260
Other method 60,620 30,835 29,785 60,620 30,835 29,785
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176 6,092,715 3,145,765 2,946,950 6,092,715 3,145,765 2,946,950
Less than 15 minutes 1,463,845 675,540 788,310 1,463,845 675,540 788,310
15 to 29 minutes 1,964,690 991,525 973,165 1,964,690 991,525 973,165
30 to 44 minutes 1,295,375 706,155 589,225 1,295,375 706,155 589,225
45 to 59 minutes 612,415 336,090 276,325 612,415 336,090 276,325
60 minutes and over 756,385 436,455 319,930 756,385 436,455 319,930
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177 6,092,715 3,145,765 2,946,950 6,092,715 3,145,765 2,946,950
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m. 413,515 296,265 117,245 413,515 296,265 117,245
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m. 1,039,255 640,810 398,445 1,039,255 640,810 398,445
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m. 1,571,230 778,100 793,130 1,571,230 778,100 793,130
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m. 1,354,870 577,565 777,310 1,354,870 577,565 777,310
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m. 740,330 328,410 411,920 740,330 328,410 411,920
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m. 973,515 524,620 448,895 973,515 524,620 448,895
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178 7,579,085 3,895,880 3,683,200 7,579,085 3,895,880 3,683,200
Single responses 7,434,675 3,828,665 3,606,015 7,434,675 3,828,665 3,606,015
Official languages 7,319,360 3,767,405 3,551,955 7,319,360 3,767,405 3,551,955
English 7,225,210 3,732,550 3,492,655 7,225,210 3,732,550 3,492,655
French 94,145 34,850 59,295 94,145 34,850 59,295
Non-official languages 115,320 61,255 54,060 115,320 61,255 54,060
Aboriginal languages 1,485 765 715 1,485 765 715
Algonquian languages 1,420 745 675 1,420 745 675
Blackfoot 0 0 0 0 0 0
Cree-Montagnais languages 370 220 150 370 220 150
Atikamekw 0 0 0 0 0 0
Montagnais (Innu) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Moose Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0
Naskapi 0 0 0 0 0 0
Northern East Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0
Plains Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0
Southern East Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0
Swampy Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0
Woods Cree 0 0 10 0 0 10
Cree, n.o.s. 360 215 145 360 215 145
Eastern Algonquian languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Malecite 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mi'kmaq 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages 1,050 525 525 1,050 525 525
Algonquin 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ojibway 495 235 265 495 235 265
Oji-Cree 545 290 260 545 290 260
Ottawa (Odawa) 10 0 0 10 0 0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Athabaskan languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Northern Athabaskan languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Beaver 0 0 0 0 0 0
Carrier 0 0 0 0 0 0
Chilcotin 0 0 0 0 0 0
Dene 0 0 0 0 0 0
Dogrib (Tlicho) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Gwich'in 0 0 0 0 0 0
Sarsi (Sarcee) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Sekani 0 0 0 0 0 0
Slavey-Hare languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
North Slavey (Hare) 0 0 0 0 0 0
South Slavey 0 0 0 0 0 0
Slavey, n.o.s. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tahltan languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Kaska (Nahani) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tahltan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tutchone languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Northern Tutchone 0 0 0 0 0 0
Southern Tutchone 0 0 0 0 0 0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Haida 0 0 0 0 0 0
Inuit languages 25 0 20 25 0 20
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Inuktitut 25 10 20 25 10 20
Inuit languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Iroquoian languages 25 10 20 25 10 20
Cayuga 10 0 10 10 0 10
Mohawk 20 10 10 20 10 10
Oneida 0 0 0 0 0 0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Kutenai 0 0 0 0 0 0
Michif 0 0 0 0 0 0
Salish languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Comox 0 0 0 0 0 0
Halkomelem 0 0 0 0 0 0
Lillooet 0 0 0 0 0 0
Okanagan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Squamish 0 0 0 0 0 0
Straits 0 0 0 0 0 0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Salish languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Siouan languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Dakota 0 0 0 0 0 0
Stoney 0 0 0 0 0 0
Siouan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tlingit 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tsimshian languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Gitxsan (Gitksan) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Nisga'a 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tsimshian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Wakashan languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Haisla 0 0 0 0 0 0
Heiltsuk 0 0 0 0 0 0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka) 0 10 0 0 10 0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s. 10 0 0 10 0 0
Non-Aboriginal languages 113,835 60,490 53,340 113,835 60,490 53,340
Afro-Asiatic languages 3,305 1,995 1,310 3,305 1,995 1,310
Berber languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Kabyle 0 0 0 0 0 0
Berber languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Cushitic languages 125 45 80 125 45 80
Bilen 0 0 0 0 0 0
Oromo 15 10 10 15 10 10
Somali 110 35 70 110 35 70
Cushitic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Semitic languages 3,175 1,955 1,225 3,175 1,955 1,225
Amharic 75 30 45 75 30 45
Arabic 2,430 1,605 825 2,430 1,605 825
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic 145 110 40 145 110 40
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic 35 20 15 35 20 15
Harari 0 0 0 0 0 0
Hebrew 395 140 260 395 140 260
Maltese 20 15 10 20 15 10
Tigrigna 60 30 25 60 30 25
Semitic languages, n.i.e. 10 10 0 10 10 0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Austro-Asiatic languages 2,575 1,065 1,510 2,575 1,065 1,510
Khmer (Cambodian) 95 50 50 95 50 50
Vietnamese 2,480 1,015 1,465 2,480 1,015 1,465
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e 0 0 0 0 0 0
Austronesian languages 1,280 495 790 1,280 495 790
Bikol 0 0 0 0 0 0
Cebuano 25 10 15 25 10 15
Fijian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Hiligaynon 10 10 0 10 10 0
Ilocano 40 20 20 40 20 20
Malagasy 0 0 0 0 0 0
Malay 55 20 30 55 20 30
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Pangasinan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino) 1,145 435 705 1,145 435 705
Waray-Waray 0 0 0 0 0 0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e. 10 0 10 10 0 10
Creole languages 60 35 30 60 35 30
Haitian Creole 15 0 0 15 0 0
Creole, n.o.s. 50 25 20 50 25 20
Creole languages, n.i.e. 10 10 0 10 10 0
Dravidian languages 1,980 945 1,035 1,980 945 1,035
Kannada 10 0 10 10 0 10
Malayalam 75 45 30 75 45 30
Tamil 1,870 900 975 1,870 900 975
Telugu 35 10 20 35 10 20
Dravidian languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Hmong-Mien languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Indo-European languages 38,960 21,375 17,580 38,960 21,375 17,580
Albanian 275 170 105 275 170 105
Armenian 145 75 75 145 75 75
Balto-Slavic languages 6,655 3,165 3,495 6,655 3,165 3,495
Baltic languages 70 25 40 70 25 40
Latvian 20 10 10 20 10 10
Lithuanian 45 20 25 45 20 25
Slavic languages 6,595 3,135 3,455 6,595 3,135 3,455
Belarusan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Bosnian 100 55 40 100 55 40
Bulgarian 120 85 40 120 85 40
Croatian 155 100 50 155 100 50
Czech 25 20 10 25 20 10
Macedonian 85 35 45 85 35 45
Polish 1,925 960 960 1,925 960 960
Russian 2,905 1,240 1,670 2,905 1,240 1,670
Serbian 390 240 145 390 240 145
Serbo-Croatian 20 10 10 20 10 10
Slovak 55 40 20 55 40 20
Slovene (Slovenian) 15 0 10 15 0 10
Ukrainian 780 320 460 780 320 460
Slavic languages, n.i.e. 10 10 0 10 10 0
Celtic languages 15 10 10 15 10 10
Scottish Gaelic 10 0 0 10 0 0
Welsh 0 0 0 0 0 0
Celtic languages, n.i.e. 10 10 0 10 10 0
Germanic languages 6,905 3,655 3,250 6,905 3,655 3,250
Afrikaans 0 0 0 0 0 0
Danish 30 15 20 30 15 20
Dutch 790 425 365 790 425 365
Frisian 25 20 10 25 20 10
German 5,690 3,005 2,690 5,690 3,005 2,690
Icelandic 0 10 0 0 10 0
Norwegian 30 10 20 30 10 20
Swedish 55 15 35 55 15 35
Vlaams (Flemish) 10 10 10 10 10 10
Yiddish 20 0 20 20 0 20
Germanic languages, n.i.e. 240 155 80 240 155 80
Greek 405 240 165 405 240 165
Indo-Iranian languages 11,880 6,560 5,315 11,880 6,560 5,315
Indo-Aryan languages 9,205 4,900 4,310 9,205 4,900 4,310
Bengali 335 160 170 335 160 170
Gujarati 730 255 475 730 255 475
Hindi 800 380 415 800 380 415
Kashmiri 0 0 0 0 0 0
Konkani 0 0 0 0 0 0
Marathi 30 10 20 30 10 20
Nepali 80 30 50 80 30 50
Oriya (Odia) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Punjabi (Panjabi) 6,025 3,480 2,550 6,025 3,480 2,550
Sindhi 20 10 15 20 10 15
Sinhala (Sinhalese) 30 15 10 30 15 10
Urdu 1,150 555 600 1,150 555 600
Iranian languages 2,660 1,655 1,005 2,660 1,655 1,005
Kurdish 105 95 15 105 95 15
Pashto 20 10 15 20 10 15
Persian (Farsi) 2,530 1,555 975 2,530 1,555 975
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e. 10 0 10 10 0 10
Italic (Romance) languages 12,680 7,505 5,170 12,680 7,505 5,170
Catalan 10 0 10 10 0 10
Italian 945 505 445 945 505 445
Portuguese 5,815 3,865 1,950 5,815 3,865 1,950
Romanian 300 140 160 300 140 160
Spanish 5,590 2,985 2,605 5,590 2,985 2,605
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e. 20 10 10 20 10 10
Japanese 1,010 360 655 1,010 360 655
Kartvelian languages 15 0 10 15 0 10
Georgian 15 0 10 15 0 10
Korean 4,945 2,505 2,445 4,945 2,505 2,445
Mongolic languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mongolian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Niger-Congo languages 120 55 65 120 55 65
Akan (Twi) 20 0 20 20 0 20
Bamanankan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Edo 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ewe 0 0 0 0 0 0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ga 0 10 0 0 10 0
Ganda 25 15 15 25 15 15
Igbo 10 0 0 10 0 0
Lingala 0 0 0 0 0 0
Rundi (Kirundi) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda) 15 0 10 15 0 10
Shona 0 0 0 0 0 0
Swahili 20 10 0 20 10 0
Wolof 10 0 0 10 0 0
Yoruba 10 0 10 10 0 10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e. 20 20 0 20 20 0
Nilo-Saharan languages 0 0 0 0 0 0
Dinka 0 0 0 0 0 0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Sign languages 810 295 515 810 295 515
American Sign Language 575 170 410 575 170 410
Quebec Sign Language 10 0 10 10 0 10
Sign languages, n.i.e 225 130 100 225 130 100
Sino-Tibetan languages 57,620 30,735 26,890 57,620 30,735 26,890
Chinese languages 57,535 30,690 26,840 57,535 30,690 26,840
Cantonese 26,955 14,190 12,770 26,955 14,190 12,770
Hakka 30 10 25 30 10 25
Mandarin 29,090 15,730 13,360 29,090 15,730 13,360
Min Dong 30 15 10 30 15 10
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese) 250 155 90 250 155 90
Wu (Shanghainese) 35 20 10 35 20 10
Chinese, n.o.s. 1,145 565 580 1,145 565 580
Chinese languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tibeto-Burman languages 90 50 45 90 50 45
Burmese 10 10 10 10 10 10
Karenic languages 30 10 20 30 10 20
Tibetan 45 30 15 45 30 15
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tai-Kadai languages 235 95 145 235 95 145
Lao 80 40 35 80 40 35
Thai 160 55 105 160 55 105
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e 0 0 0 0 0 0
Turkic languages 465 315 150 465 315 150
Azerbaijani 15 15 0 15 15 0
Turkish 440 295 140 440 295 140
Uyghur 10 10 0 10 10 0
Uzbek 10 0 0 10 0 0
Turkic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Uralic languages 420 205 220 420 205 220
Estonian 45 10 35 45 10 35
Finnish 75 25 50 75 25 50
Hungarian 295 165 130 295 165 130
Uralic languages, n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Other languages, n.i.e. 10 0 10 10 0 10
Multiple responses 144,405 67,215 77,185 144,405 67,215 77,185
English and French 63,665 26,760 36,900 63,665 26,760 36,900
English and non-official language 78,240 39,330 38,910 78,240 39,330 38,910
French and non-official language 175 75 100 175 75 100
English, French and non-official language 2,325 1,055 1,270 2,325 1,055 1,270
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179 7,579,080 3,895,880 3,683,200 7,579,080 3,895,880 3,683,200
None 6,975,415 3,605,485 3,369,930 6,975,415 3,605,485 3,369,930
English 109,150 48,930 60,220 109,150 48,930 60,220
French 260,050 118,655 141,395 260,050 118,655 141,395
Non-official language 226,490 119,130 107,360 226,490 119,130 107,360
Aboriginal 5,970 2,480 3,490 5,970 2,480 3,490
Non-Aboriginal 220,520 116,650 103,870 220,520 116,650 103,870
English and French 245 100 150 245 100 150
English and non-official language 1,620 780 845 1,620 780 845
French and non-official language 6,080 2,780 3,300 6,080 2,780 3,300
English, French and non-official language 35 25 10 35 25 10
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180 13,106,990 6,403,470 6,703,520 13,106,990 6,403,470 6,703,520
Non-movers 11,475,985 5,603,290 5,872,695 11,475,985 5,603,290 5,872,695
Movers 1,631,005 800,180 830,820 1,631,005 800,180 830,820
Non-migrants 941,380 460,170 481,210 941,380 460,170 481,210
Migrants 689,625 340,015 349,610 689,625 340,015 349,610
Internal migrants 535,180 263,055 272,120 535,180 263,055 272,120
Intraprovincial migrants 467,890 229,080 238,810 467,890 229,080 238,810
Interprovincial migrants 67,290 33,980 33,315 67,290 33,980 33,315
External migrants 154,445 76,955 77,490 154,445 76,955 77,490
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181 12,546,040 6,116,715 6,429,325 12,546,040 6,116,715 6,429,325
Non-movers 7,887,825 3,845,945 4,041,880 7,887,825 3,845,945 4,041,880
Movers 4,658,215 2,270,770 2,387,445 4,658,215 2,270,770 2,387,445
Non-migrants 2,545,875 1,238,055 1,307,820 2,545,875 1,238,055 1,307,820
Migrants 2,112,340 1,032,710 1,079,630 2,112,340 1,032,710 1,079,630
Internal migrants 1,562,375 761,630 800,740 1,562,375 761,630 800,740
Intraprovincial migrants 1,380,900 672,540 708,360 1,380,900 672,540 708,360
Interprovincial migrants 181,480 89,090 92,390 181,480 89,090 92,390
External migrants 549,965 271,080 278,885 549,965 271,080 278,885

Source

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Ontario [Province] and Ontario [Province] (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed March 28, 2024).

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