Data tables, 2016 Census

Income Sources and Taxes (16), Income Statistics (4) in Constant (2015) Dollars, Economic Family Income Decile Group (13) and Year (2) for the Population Aged 15 Years and Over in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2006 Census - 20% Sample Data and 2016 Census - 100% Data

Data table

Select data categories for this table


This table details income sources and taxes , income statistics in constant dollars, economic family income decile group and year for the population aged 15 years and over in private households in Canada
Data quality
Income sources and taxes (16) Income statistics (4)
Total - Population aged 15 years and over With an amount Percentage with an amount (%) Median amount ($)Footnote 2
Total incomeFootnote 3 28,642,980 27,488,530 96.0 34,204
Market incomeFootnote 4 28,642,980 24,583,315 85.8 32,762
Employment incomeFootnote 5 28,642,980 20,428,685 71.3 33,684
Wages, salaries and commissionsFootnote 6 28,642,980 18,807,345 65.7 35,569
Net self-employment incomeFootnote 7 28,642,980 3,014,505 10.5 6,708
Investment incomeFootnote 8 28,642,980 8,501,495 29.7 773
Private retirement incomeFootnote 9 28,642,980 4,185,240 14.6 16,347
Market income not included elsewhereFootnote 10 28,642,980 4,409,465 15.4 1,472
Government transfersFootnote 11 28,642,980 19,743,245 68.9 5,453
Old Age Security pension (OAS) and Guaranteed Income Supplement (GIS)Footnote 12 28,642,980 5,008,360 17.5 6,806
Canada Pension Plan (CPP) and Québec Pension Plan (QPP) benefitsFootnote 13 28,642,980 6,651,000 23.2 7,422
Employment Insurance (EI) benefitsFootnote 14 28,642,980 2,520,730 8.8 5,622
Child benefitsFootnote 15 28,642,980 3,882,450 13.6 3,843
Other government transfersFootnote 16 28,642,980 13,588,285 47.4 626
After-tax incomeFootnote 17 28,642,980 27,499,185 96.0 30,866
Income taxesFootnote 18 28,642,980 19,207,575 67.1 6,313

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

..

Symbol ...

not applicable

...

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

x

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

F

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

The reference period for income data from a given census is the calendar year prior to the specified census year.

Specifically, income data from the 2006 and 2016 censuses relate to the calendar year prior to the census year, i.e., 2005 and 2015 respectively. For additional information, refer to the Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016 and the Income Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Wages, salaries and commissions - Gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income taxes, pension plan contributions and employment insurance premiums during the reference period. While other employee remuneration such as security options benefits, board and lodging and other taxable allowances and benefits are included in this source, employers' contributions to pension plans and employment insurance plans are excluded. Other receipts included in this source are military pay and allowances, tips, commissions and cash bonuses associated with paid employment, benefits from wage-loss replacement plans or income-maintenance insurance plans, supplementary unemployment benefits from an employer or union, research grants, royalties from a work or invention with no associated expenses and all types of casual earnings during the reference period.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Net self-employment income - Net income (gross receipts minus cost of operation and capital cost allowance) received during the reference period from self-employment activities, either on own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships, only the person's share of income is included. Net partnership income of a limited or non-active partner is excluded. It includes farming income, fishing income and income from unincorporated business or professional practice. Commission income for a self-employed commission salesperson and royalties from a work or invention with expenses associated are also included in this source.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Investment income - Income received during the reference period in the form of interest from deposits in banks, trust companies, co-operatives, credit unions and caisses populaires, interests on savings certificates, bonds and debentures, dividends from both Canadian and foreign stocks, net rental income from real estate, mortgage and loan interest received, regular income from an estate or trust fund, interest from insurance policies and net partnership income for a limited or non-active partner. This variable does not include net capital gains or losses as they are not part of the standard income definition.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Private retirement income - All regular income received during the reference period associated with employer or personal retirement pensions, benefits or savings plans. It includes payments received from all annuities, including payments from employers' registered retirement plans (RPPs), pooled registered pension plans (PRPPs) and matured registered retirement savings plans (RRSPs) in the form of a life annuity, a fixed-term annuity, a registered retirement income fund (RRIF) or an income-averaging annuity contract; pensions paid to widow(er)s or other relatives of deceased pensioners; pensions of retired civil servants, Canadian Armed Forces personnel and Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) officers; annuity payments received from the Canadian Government Annuities Fund, an insurance company, etc. It does not include lump-sum death benefits, lump-sum benefits or withdrawals from a pension plan or RRSP or refunds of over-contributions.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Market income not included elsewhere - Regular cash income from market sources that are not included in any of the other market income sources during the reference period. For example, severance pay and retirement allowances, alimony or child support received, periodic support from other persons not in the household, any income from abroad that is not investment income, scholarships, bursaries, fellowships and study grants and artists' project grants are included.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Old Age Security pension (OAS) and Guaranteed Income Supplement (GIS) - Old Age Security pension and Guaranteed Income Supplements paid to persons aged 65 years and over, and to the Allowance or the Allowance for the Survivor paid to 60- to 64-year-old spouses of old age security recipients or widow(er)s by the federal government during the reference period.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

Canada Pension Plan (CPP) and Québec Pension Plan (QPP) benefits - Benefits received during the reference period from the Canada Pension Plan or Québec Pension Plan in the form of retirement pensions, survivors' benefits and disability benefits. It does not include lump-sum death benefits.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal Employment Insurance Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Child benefits - Payments received by parents or guardians with dependent children from various federal, provincial and territorial child benefit programs during the reference period.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Other government transfers - All government transfers received during the reference period other than those from the following sources:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs.

The key components of this variable are social assistance benefits, workers' compensation benefits, working income tax benefit, goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit, refundable provincial tax credits, provincial income supplements for seniors, other provincial credits, benefits and rebates, veterans' pensions, war veterans' allowance, pensions to widow(er)s and dependants of veterans.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Income taxes - Income taxes on income received during the reference period. It is the sum of federal income tax, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes also include health care premiums and Yukon First Nations Tax in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016115.

Date modified: