Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016
Appendix 5.6 Knowledge of non-official languages, classifications from 2016, 2011 and 2006Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016
Appendix 5.6 Knowledge of non-official languages, classifications from 2016, 2011 and 2006

Release date: October 25, 2017

Appendix 5.6
Knowledge of non-official languages, classifications from 2016, 2011 and 2006
Table summary
This table displays the results of Knowledge of non-official languages. The information is grouped by 2016 Classification (appearing as row headers), 2011 Classification and 2006 Classification (appearing as column headers).
2016 Classification	2011 Classification	2006 Classification
None	None	None
Non-official languages	Non-official languages	Non-official languages
Aboriginal languages	Aboriginal languages	Aboriginal languages
Algonquian languages	Algonquian languages	Algonquian languages
Blackfoot	Blackfoot	Blackfoot
Cree-Montagnais languages	Not available	Not available
Atikamekw	Atikamekw	Atikamekw
Montagnais (Innu)^{Appendix 5.6 Note 1}	Innu/Montagnais	Montagnais-Naskapi^{Appendix 5.6 Note 2}
Moose Cree	Not available	Not available
Naskapi	Naskapi	Not available
Northern East Cree	Not available	Not available
Plains Cree	Plains Cree	Not available
Southern East Cree	Not available	Not available
Swampy Cree	Swampy Cree	Not available
Woods Cree	Woods Cree	Not available
Cree, n.o.s.	Cree, n.o.s.	Cree^{Appendix 5.6 Note 3}
Eastern Algonquian languages	Not available	Not available
Malecite	Malecite	Malecite
Mi'kmaq	Mi'kmaq	Mi'kmaq
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	Not available	Not available
Algonquin	Algonquin	Algonquin
Ojibway	Ojibway	Ojibway
Oji-Cree	Oji-Cree	Oji-Cree
Ottawa (Odawa)	Not available	Not available
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	Algonquian languages, n.i.e.
Athabaskan languages^{Appendix 5.6 Note 4}	Athapaskan languages	Athapaskan languages
Northern Athabaskan languages	Not available	Not available
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	Wetsuweten	Not available
Beaver	Beaver	Not available
Carrier	Carrier	Carrier
Chilcotin	Chilcotin	Chilcotin
Dene^{Appendix 5.6 Note 5}	Dene^{Appendix 5.6 Note 5}	Dene
Dogrib (Tlicho)^{Appendix 5.6 Note 4}	Tlicho (Dogrib)^{Appendix 5.6 Note 6}	Dogrib
Gwich'in	Gwich'in^{Appendix 5.6 Note 6}	Kutchin-Gwich'in (Loucheux)
Sarsi (Sarcee)^{Appendix 5.6 Note 4}	Sarcee	Not available
Sekani	Sekani	Not available
Slavey-Hare languages	Not available	Not available
North Slavey (Hare)	North Slavey (Hare)^{Appendix 5.6 Note 6}	North Slave (Hare)
South Slavey	South Slavey^{Appendix 5.6 Note 6}	South Slave
Slavey, n.o.s.	Slavey, n.o.s.	Not available
Tahltan languages	Not available	Not available
Kaska (Nahani)	Kaska (Nahani)	Not available
Tahltan	Tahltan	Not available
Tutchone languages^{Appendix 5.6 Note 7}	Not available	Not available
Northern Tutchone	Northern Tutchone	Not available
Southern Tutchone	Southern Tutchone	Not available
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.^{Appendix 5.6 Note 4}	Athapaskan languages, n.i.e.	Athapaskan languages, n.i.e.
Haida	Haida	Haida
Inuit languages	Inuit languages	Inuktitut^{Appendix 5.6 Note 8}
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)^{Appendix 5.6 Note 9} ^{Appendix 5.6 Note 10}	Inuinnaqtun	Inuinnaqtun
Inuktitut	Inuktitut	Not available
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	Inuit languages, n.i.e.	Inuktitut, n.i.e.^{Appendix 5.6 Note 11}
Iroquoian languages	Iroquoian languages	Iroquoian languages
Cayuga	Cayuga	Not available
Mohawk	Mohawk	Mohawk
Oneida	Oneida	Not available
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.
Kutenai	Kutenai	Kutenai
Michif	Michif	Not available
Salish languages	Salish languages	Salish languages
Comox	Not available	Not available
Halkomelem	Halkomelem	Not available
Lillooet	Lillooet	Not available
Okanagan	Okanagan	Not available
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)^{Appendix 5.6 Note 6}	Shuswap
Squamish	Squamish	Not available
Straits	Straits	Not available
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	Thompson (Ntlakapamux)
Salish languages, n.i.e.	Salish languages, n.i.e.	Salish languages, n.i.e.
Siouan languages	Siouan languages^{Appendix 5.6 Note 6}	Siouan languages (Dakota/Sioux)
Dakota	Dakota	Not available
Stoney	Stoney	Not available
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	Siouan languages, n.i.e.	Not available
Tlingit	Tlingit	Tlingit
Tsimshian languages	Tsimshian languages	Tsimshian languages
Gitxsan (Gitksan)^{Appendix 5.6 Note 4}	Gitksan	Gitksan
Nisga'a	Nisga'a	Nisga'a
Tsimshian	Tsimshian	Tsimshian
Wakashan languages	Wakashan languages	Wakashan languages
Haisla	Haisla	Not available
Heiltsuk	Heiltsuk	Not available
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	Not available
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)^{Appendix 5.6 Note 4}	Nootka (Nuu-chah-nulth)^{Appendix 5.6 Note 6}	Nootka
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	Wakashan languages, n.i.e.
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.^{Appendix 5.6 Note 12}	Aboriginal languages, n.i.e.	Aboriginal languages, n.i.e.
Non-Aboriginal languages	Non-Aboriginal languages	Non-Aboriginal languages
Afro-Asiatic languages	Afro-Asiatic languages	Afro-Asiatic languages
Berber languages^{Appendix 5.6 Note 4}	Berber languages (Kabyle)	Berber languages (Kabyle)
Kabyle	Not available	Not available
Berber languages, n.i.e.	Not available	Not available
Cushitic languages	Cushitic languages	Cushitic languages
Bilen	Not available	Not available
Oromo	Oromo	Oromo
Somali	Somali	Somali
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	Not available	Not available
Semitic languages	Semitic languages	Semitic languages
Amharic	Amharic	Amharic
Arabic	Arabic	Arabic
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	Not available	Not available
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	Not available	Not available
Harari	Not available	Not available
Hebrew	Hebrew	Hebrew
Maltese	Maltese	Maltese
Tigrigna	Tigrigna	Tigrigna
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	Semitic languages, n.i.e.	Semitic languages, n.i.e.
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.
Austro-Asiatic languages	Austro-Asiatic languages	Austro-Asiatic languages
Khmer (Cambodian)	Khmer (Cambodian)	Khmer (Cambodian)
Vietnamese	Vietnamese	Vietnamese
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	Not available	Not available
Austronesian languages^{Appendix 5.6 Note 4}	Malayo-Polynesian languages	Malayo-Polynesian languages
Bikol	Bikol	Not available
Cebuano	Not available	Not available
Fijian	Fijian	Not available
Hiligaynon	Not available	Not available
Ilocano	Ilocano	Ilocano
Malagasy	Malagasy	Not available
Malay	Malay	Malay
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)^{Appendix 5.6 Note 4}	Pampango	Pampango
Pangasinan	Pangasinan	Not available
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)
Waray-Waray	Not available	Not available
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.^{Appendix 5.6 Note 4}	Malayo-Polynesian languages, n.i.e.	Malayo-Polynesian languages, n.i.e.
Creole languages^{Appendix 5.6 Note 4}	Creoles	Creoles
Haitian Creole	Not available	Not available
Creole, n.o.s.	Not available	Not available
Creole languages, n.i.e.	Not available	Not available
Dravidian languages	Dravidian languages	Dravidian languages
Kannada	Kannada	Kannada
Malayalam	Malayalam	Malayalam
Tamil	Tamil	Tamil
Telugu	Telugu	Telugu
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	Dravidian languages, n.i.e.
Hmong-Mien languages	Not available	Not available
Indo-European languages	Not available	Not available
Albanian	Albanian	Not available
Armenian	Armenian	Armenian
Balto-Slavic languages	Not available	Not available
Baltic languages	Baltic languages	Baltic languages
Latvian	Latvian	Latvian
Lithuanian	Lithuanian	Lithuanian
Slavic languages	Slavic languages	Slavic languages
Belarusan^{Appendix 5.6 Note 4}	Belarusian (Byelorussian)^{Appendix 5.6 Note 6}	Belarusan (Byelorussian)
Bosnian	Bosnian	Bosnian
Bulgarian	Bulgarian	Bulgarian
Croatian	Croatian	Croatian
Czech	Czech	Czech
Macedonian	Macedonian	Macedonian
Polish	Polish	Polish
Russian	Russian	Russian
Serbian	Serbian	Serbian
Serbo-Croatian	Serbo-Croatian	Serbo-Croatian
Slovak	Slovak	Slovak
Slovene (Slovenian)^{Appendix 5.6 Note 4}	Slovenian	Slovenian
Ukrainian	Ukrainian	Ukrainian
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	Slavic languages, n.i.e.	Slavic languages, n.i.e.
Celtic languages	Celtic languages	Celtic languages
Scottish Gaelic	Gaelic languages^{Appendix 5.6 Note 13}	Gaelic languages^{Appendix 5.6 Note 13}
Welsh	Welsh	Welsh
Celtic languages, n.i.e.^{Appendix 5.6 Note 14}	Celtic languages, n.i.e.	Celtic languages, n.i.e.
Germanic languages	Germanic languages	Germanic languages
Afrikaans	Afrikaans	Not available
Danish	Danish	Danish
Dutch	Dutch	Dutch
Frisian	Frisian	Frisian
German	German	German
Icelandic	Icelandic	Icelandic
Norwegian	Norwegian	Norwegian
Swedish	Swedish	Swedish
Vlaams (Flemish)^{Appendix 5.6 Note 4}	Flemish	Flemish
Yiddish	Yiddish	Yiddish
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	Germanic languages, n.i.e.	Germanic languages, n.i.e.^{Appendix 5.6 Note 15}
Greek	Greek	Greek
Indo-Iranian languages	Indo-Iranian languages	Indo-Iranian languages
Indo-Aryan languages	Indo-Aryan languages	Not available
Bengali	Bengali	Bengali
Gujarati	Gujarati	Gujarati
Hindi	Hindi	Hindi
Kashmiri	Not available	Not available
Konkani	Konkani	Konkani
Marathi	Marathi	Marathi
Nepali	Nepali	Not available
Oriya (Odia)	Not available	Not available
Punjabi (Panjabi)^{Appendix 5.6 Note 4}	Panjabi (Punjabi)	Panjabi (Punjabi)
Sindhi	Sindhi	Sindhi
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	Sinhala (Sinhalese)	Sinhala (Sinhalese)
Urdu	Urdu	Urdu
Iranian languages	Iranian languages	Iranian languages
Kurdish	Kurdish	Kurdish
Pashto	Pashto	Pashto
Persian (Farsi)	Persian (Farsi)	Persian (Farsi)
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.
Italic (Romance) languages^{Appendix 5.6 Note 4}	Romance languages	Romance languages
Catalan	Catalan	Not available
Italian	Italian	Italian
Portuguese	Portuguese	Portuguese
Romanian	Romanian	Romanian
Spanish	Spanish	Spanish
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.^{Appendix 5.6 Note 4}	Romance languages, n.i.e.	Romance languages, n.i.e.
Japanese	Japanese	Japanese
Kartvelian languages	Not available	Not available
Georgian	Georgian	Not available
Korean	Korean	Korean
Mongolic languages	Not available	Not available
Mongolian	Mongolian	Not available
Niger-Congo languages	Niger-Congo languages	Niger-Congo languages
Akan (Twi)	Akan (Twi)	Akan (Twi)
Bamanankan	Bamanankan	Not available
Edo	Edo	Edo
Ewe	Ewe	Not available
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	Not available	Not available
Ga	Ga	Not available
Ganda	Ganda	Not available
Igbo	Igbo	Igbo
Lingala	Lingala	Lingala
Rundi (Kirundi)	Rundi (Kirundi)	Rundi (Kirundi)
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)^{Appendix 5.6 Note 4}	Rwanda (Kinyarwanda)	Rwanda (Kinyarwanda)
Shona	Shona	Shona
Swahili	Swahili	Swahili
Wolof	Wolof	Wolof
Yoruba	Not available	Not available
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.
Nilo-Saharan languages	Not available	Not available
Dinka	Not available	Not available
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	Not available	Not available
Sign languages^{Appendix 5.6 Note 4}	Non-verbal languages	Non-verbal languages
American Sign Language	American Sign Language	American Sign Language
Quebec Sign Language	Quebec Sign Language	Quebec Sign Language
Sign languages, n.i.e	Sign languages, n.i.e	Sign languages, n.i.e
Sino-Tibetan languages	Sino-Tibetan languages	Sino-Tibetan languages
Chinese languages	Chinese languages	Chinese languages
Cantonese	Cantonese	Cantonese
Hakka	Hakka	Hakka
Mandarin	Mandarin	Mandarin
Min Dong	Not available	Not available
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)^{Appendix 5.6 Note 16}	Not available	Not available
Wu (Shanghainese)^{Appendix 5.6 Note 4}	Shanghainese	Shanghainese
Chinese, n.o.s.	Chinese, n.o.s.^{Appendix 5.6 Note 17}	Chinese, n.o.s.^{Appendix 5.6 Note 17}
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	Not available	Not available
Tibeto-Burman languages	Not available	Not available
Burmese	Burmese	Not available
Karenic languages	Not available	Not available
Tibetan	Tibetan languages^{Appendix 5.6 Note 18}	Tibetan languages^{Appendix 5.6 Note 18}
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	Not available	Not available
Tai-Kadai languages^{Appendix 5.6 Note 4}	Tai languages	Tai languages
Lao	Lao	Lao
Thai	Thai	Thai
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	Not available	Not available
Turkic languages	Turkic languages	Turkic languages
Azerbaijani	Azerbaijani	Azerbaijani
Turkish	Turkish	Turkish
Uyghur	Not available	Not available
Uzbek	Not available	Not available
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	Turkic languages, n.i.e.	Turkic languages, n.i.e.
Uralic languages^{Appendix 5.6 Note 4}	Finno-Ugric languages	Finno-Ugric languages
Estonian	Estonian	Estonian
Finnish	Finnish	Finnish
Hungarian	Hungarian	Hungarian
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	Not available	Not available
Other languages, n.i.e.^{Appendix 5.6 Note 19}	Other languages	Other languages
n.i.e. = not included elsewhere n.o.s. = not otherwise specified Note 1 Name change only: content remains the same as in 2011. Return to note 1 referrer Note 2 This category is equivalent to Montagnais (Innu) and Naskapi in 2016. Return to note 2 referrer Note 3 This category is equivalent to Cree, n.o.s., Swampy Cree, Plains Cree, Woods Cree, and Cree, n.i.e. in 2011, and to Cree, n.o.s., Woods Cree, Swampy Cree, Southern East Cree, Plains Cree, Northern East Cree, and Moose Cree in 2016. Return to note 3 referrer Note 4 Name change only: content remains the same as in 2011 and 2006. Return to note 4 referrer Note 5 This category is equivalent to Dene and Chipewyan in 2006. Return to note 5 referrer Note 6 Name change only: content remains the same as in 2006. Return to note 6 referrer Note 7 This category is equivalent to Northern Tutchone, Southern Tutchone, and Tutchone, n.o.s. in 2011. Return to note 7 referrer Note 8 In 2006, Inuktitut was the name of the language family that consisted of Inuinnaqtun and Inuktitut, n.i.e. Return to note 8 referrer Note 9 This category is equivalent to Inuinnaqtun and Inuvialuktun in 2011. Return to note 9 referrer Note 10 As in 2011, Inuinnaqtun and Inuvialuktun are also available as separate categories in 2016. Return to note 10 referrer Note 11 This category is equivalent to Inuktitut, Inuvialuktun, and Inuit languages, n.i.e. in 2011 and 2016. Return to note 11 referrer Note 12 Responses of Aboriginal languages, n.i.e. are included in their corresponding Aboriginal language family n.i.e. category. Return to note 12 referrer Note 13 This category includes Scottish Gaelic and Irish (Irish Gaelic). Return to note 13 referrer Note 14 Irish (Irish Gaelic) is included in Celtic, n.i.e. in 2016. Return to note 14 referrer Note 15 This category is equivalent to Germanic languages, n.i.e. and Afrikaans in 2016 and 2011. Return to note 15 referrer Note 16 Chaochow (Teochow), Fukien, and Taiwanese were separate categories in 2011 and 2006. Return to note 16 referrer Note 17 This category is equivalent to Chinese, n.o.s. and Chinese, n.i.e. in 2016. Return to note 17 referrer Note 18 This category is equivalent to Tibetan and Karenic languages in 2016. Return to note 18 referrer Note 19 This category is equivalent to Other languages, and African languages, n.i.e. in 2011 and 2006. Return to note 19 referrer Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

Date modified:: 2019-01-03

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Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016
Appendix 5.6 Knowledge of non-official languages, classifications from 2016, 2011 and 2006Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016
Appendix 5.6 Knowledge of non-official languages, classifications from 2016, 2011 and 2006

Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016Appendix 5.6 Knowledge of non-official languages, classifications from 2016, 2011 and 2006Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016Appendix 5.6 Knowledge of non-official languages, classifications from 2016, 2011 and 2006

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Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016
Appendix 5.6 Knowledge of non-official languages, classifications from 2016, 2011 and 2006Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016
Appendix 5.6 Knowledge of non-official languages, classifications from 2016, 2011 and 2006