Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016
Figure 5.2
Immigrants, non-immigrants and non-permanent residents, by citizenshipDictionary, Census of Population, 2016
Figure 5.2
Immigrants, non-immigrants and non-permanent residents, by citizenship

Figure 5.2 demonstrates the breakdown of immigrants, non-immigrants and non-permanent residents in Canada by citizenship. It broadly delineates these populations according to whether or not they are Canadian citizens.

The population in private households can be categorized in the following way:

1. The non-immigrant population includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.
2. The immigrant population includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Some of them have Canadian citizenship, while others do not.
   
   1. Year of immigration before 2012: Canadian citizens by naturalization
   2. Year of immigration before 2012: Not Canadian citizens
   3. Year of immigration between 2012 and 2016: Not eligible for Canadian citizenship. Landed immigrants or permanent residents must reside in Canada for a minimum of four years before they have the right to apply for Canadian citizenship.
3. Non-permanent residents include persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them. Non-permanent residents are not Canadian citizens.

Source: Statistics Canada, Census of Population, 2016.