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Health Trends, Canada

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Data table: Age-standardized rates, both sexes, Canada

Age-standardized rates, both sexes, Canada
Table summary
Table shows years (columns) and indicators (rows).
Well-being Age-standardized rates, both sexes
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Perceived health, very good or excellent (%)Table footnote 1 59.7 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 61.5 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 61.2 60.6 62.2 61.9 61.6 61.9 61.3
Perceived health, fair or poor (%)Table footnote 2 10.6 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 10.3 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 10.4 10.3 9.9 10.3 10.3 9.7 9.7
Perceived mental health, very good or excellent (%)Table footnote 3 73.8 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 74.8 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 75.2 75.0 74.4 74.4 73.1 72.2 71.6
Perceived mental health, fair or poor (%)Table footnote 4 4.5 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 4.7 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 4.6 4.9 4.9 5.1 5.4 5.6 6.1
Perceived life stress (%)Table footnote 5 24.1 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 22.9 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 22.6 22.2 23.3 23.5 23.9 23.0 23.3
Health Conditions Age-standardized rates, both sexes
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Overweight or obese (%)Table footnote 6 48.1 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 48.6 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 49.2 49.6 49.8 50.6 50.4 50.7 51.7
Overweight (%)Table footnote 7 33.2 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 33.3 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 33.0 32.8 32.6 33.1 32.8 33.1 33.6
Obese (%)Table footnote 8 14.9 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 15.3 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 16.3 16.7 17.2 17.5 17.7 17.6 18.2
Arthritis (%)Table footnote 9 16.1 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 15.3 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 13.8 13.9 13.2 13.6 14.2 12.7 13.0
Diabetes (%)Table footnote 10 4.2 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 4.3 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 5.1 5.0 5.1 5.4 5.1 5.2 5.3
Asthma (%)Table footnote 11 8.5 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 8.4 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 8.1 8.6 8.3 8.6 8.8 8.3 8.1
High blood pressure (%)Table footnote 12 13.0 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 13.2 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 13.8 14.0 14.2 14.2 14.4 14.0 14.1
Mood disorder (%)Table footnote 13 5.1 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 5.5 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 6.2 6.6 6.1 6.4 6.8 6.9 7.5
Pain or discomfort, moderate or severe (%)Table footnote 14 9.6 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 9.8 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 10.2 11.0 10.6 10.6 12.6 12.7 12.2
Pain or discomfort that prevents activities (%)Table footnote 15 10.0 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 10.3 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 10.9 11.4 11.2 11.4 13.3 13.4 13.2
Low birth weight (%)Table footnote 16 5.9 5.9 6.0 6.1 6.0 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.1 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (%)Table footnote 17 4.3 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 4.3 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 4.5 4.1 4.1 3.8 3.9 4.0
Injuries within the past 12 months causing limitation of normal activities (%)Table footnote 18 13.5 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 14.1 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 15.1 15.7 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 16.9
Injuries in the past 12 months, sought medical attention (%)Table footnote 19 8.3 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 8.6 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 8.4 8.2 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 8.7
Cancer incidence (per 100,000 population)Table footnote 20 397.5 401.2 404.3 404.4 405.2 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period
Colon cancer incidence (per 100,000 population)Table footnote 21 33.4 34.0 34.0 33.2 33.3 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period
Lung cancer incidence (per 100,000 population)Table footnote 22 57.0 57.4 57.6 56.8 56.0 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period
Breast cancer incidence (per 100,000 population)Table footnote 23 51.5 51.6 52.1 51.9 51.8 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period
Prostate cancer incidence (per 100,000 population)Table footnote 24 54.5 55.8 55.7 58.0 57.8 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period
Health Behaviours Age-standardized rates, both sexes
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Current smoker, daily or occasional (%)Table footnote 25 23.4 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 22.2 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 22.6 21.9 20.5 21.1 20.4 20.6 19.6
Current smoker, daily (%)Table footnote 26 17.9 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 16.7 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 17.5 16.9 15.6 15.5 15.1 15.4 14.2
Leisure-time physical activity, moderately active or active (%)Table footnote 27 52.3 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 52.7 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 51.0 51.3 53.2 53.1 54.8 54.7 56.3
Leisure-time physical activity, inactive (%)Table footnote 28 47.7 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 47.3 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 49.0 48.7 46.8 46.9 45.2 45.3 43.7
Fruit and vegetable consumption, 5 times or more per day (%)Table footnote 29 41.3 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 43.8 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 43.9 43.9 45.7 43.6 40.7 40.9 41.1
Breastfeeding initiation (%)Table footnote 30 84.6 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 86.9 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 87.0 88.5 87.2 87.1 88.2 90.3 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period
Exclusive breastfeeding, at least six months (%)Table footnote 31 16.8 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 20.1 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 20.9 25.1 24.2 27.9 28.0 24.4 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period
Health System Age-standardized rates, both sexes
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Contact with a medical doctor in the past 12 months (%)Table footnote 32 80.0 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 80.1 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 78.2 78.5 79.4 79.3 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 77.1 76.9
Human Function Age-standardized rates, both sexes
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Participation and activity limitation, sometimes or often (%)Table footnote 33 30.1 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 28.3 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 29.6 27.1 25.6 26.1 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 30.9 29.2
Accessibility Age-standardized rates, both sexes
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Influenza immunization (%)Table footnote 34 26.1 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 32.0 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 29.8 29.8 30.3 23.5 27.9 26.4 26.6
Regular medical doctor (%)Table footnote 35 84.9 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 84.6 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 83.5 83.2 83.4 83.1 83.1 83.5 82.8
Environmental Factors Age-standardized rates, both sexes
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Exposure to second-hand smoke at home (%)Table footnote 36 10.7 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 8.9 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 7.5 6.8 6.4 6.0 5.7 4.8 4.6
Exposure to second-hand smoke in the past month, in vehicles and/or public places (%)Table footnote 37 25.1 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 19.8 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 17.2 15.4 15.5 15.8 17.8 17.6 17.2
Exposure to second-hand smoke in the past month, in vehicles (%)Table footnote 38 10.5 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 8.5 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 8.9 7.7 7.6 7.3 7.1 6.8 6.2
Exposure to second-hand smoke in the past month, in public places (%)Table footnote 39 20.4 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 15.4 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 11.6 10.5 10.5 11.6 13.5 13.6 13.6
Deaths Age-standardized rates, both sexes
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Infant mortality (per 1,000 live births)Table footnote 40 5.3 5.3 5.4 5.0 5.1 5.0 4.9 5.0 4.8 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period
Life expectancy at birth (years)Table footnote 41 79.8 80.0 80.2 80.5 80.7 80.9 81.1 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period
Life expectancy at age 65 (years)Table footnote 42 19.1 19.2 19.4 19.7 19.8 20.0 20.2 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period
Total, all causes of death (per 100,000 population)Table footnote 43 586.9 571.9 563.7 540.5 539.8 531.3 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period
All cancers, deaths (per 100,000 population)Table footnote 44 175.6 173.7 170.3 166.5 165.8 163.6 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period
Diseases of the heart, deaths (per 100,000 population)Table footnote 45 133.3 126.8 121.5 113.5 111.0 107.9 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period
Cerebrovascular diseases, deaths (per 100,000 population)Table footnote 46 37.7 34.9 32.5 30.7 30.0 28.8 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period
Chronic lower respiratory diseases, deaths (per 100,000 population)Table footnote 47 25.8 24.8 25.1 22.7 23.9 23.7 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period
Unintentional injuries, deaths (per 100,000 population)Table footnote 48 25.5 24.7 25.6 25.3 25.6 25.4 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period
Diabetes mellitus, deaths (per 100,000 population)Table footnote 49 20.5 19.6 19.1 17.1 16.9 16.7 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period
Alzheimer's disease, deaths (per 100,000 population)Table footnote 50 13.1 12.7 12.7 12.0 11.9 12.8 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period
Influenza and pneumonia, deaths (per 100,000 population)Table footnote 51 12.0 13.4 13.2 11.2 11.4 11.0 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period
Suicides and self-inflicted injuries, deaths (per 100,000 population)Table footnote 52 11.3 10.8 10.9 10.0 10.2 10.4 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period
Nephritis, nephritic syndrome and nephrosis, deaths (per 100,000 population)Table footnote 53 8.7 8.5 8.5 8.3 8.2 8.0 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period
Personal Resources Age-standardized rates, both sexes
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Sense of community belonging (%)Table footnote 54 63.2 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 63.6 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 64.1 64.2 64.7 64.9 64.3 65.5 65.2
Life satisfaction, satisfied or very satisfied (%)Table footnote 55 91.4 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 91.9 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 92.1 91.7 92.5 92.6 92.9 93.0 92.4

Symbols

  • .. not available for a specific reference period

Footnotes

Footnote 1

Perceived health, very good or excellent

Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Community Health Survey.
CANSIM table no(s).: 105-0501 (rates), 105-0503 (age-standardized rates)

Population aged 12 and over who reported perceiving their own health status as being either excellent or very good or fair or poor, depending on the indicator. Perceived health refers to the perception of a person's health in general, either by the person himself or herself, or, in the case of proxy response, by the person responding. Health means not only the absence of disease or injury but also physical, mental and social well being.

Perceived health is an indicator of overall health status. It can reflect aspects of health not captured in other measures, such as incipient disease, disease severity, physiological and psychological reserves as well as social and mental function. Perceived health refers to a person's health in general — not only the absence of disease or injury, but also physical, mental and social well-being.

Return to table footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Perceived health, fair or poor

Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Community Health Survey.
CANSIM table no(s).: 105-0501 (rates), 105-0503 (age-standardized rates)

Population aged 12 and over who reported perceiving their own health status as being either excellent or very good or fair or poor, depending on the indicator. Perceived health refers to the perception of a person's health in general, either by the person himself or herself, or, in the case of proxy response, by the person responding. Health means not only the absence of disease or injury but also physical, mental and social well being.

Perceived health is an indicator of overall health status. It can reflect aspects of health not captured in other measures, such as incipient disease, disease severity, physiological and psychological reserves as well as social and mental function. Perceived health refers to a person's health in general — not only the absence of disease or injury, but also physical, mental and social well-being.

Return to table footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Perceived mental health, very good or excellent

Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Community Health Survey.
CANSIM table no(s).: 105-0501 (rates), 105-0503 (age-standardized rates)

Population aged 12 and over who reported perceiving their own mental health status as being excellent or very good or fair or poor, depending on the indicator. Perceived mental health refers to the perception of a person's mental health in general. Perceived mental health provides a general indication of the population suffering from some form of mental disorder, mental or emotional problems, or distress, not necessarily reflected in perceived health.

Return to table footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Perceived mental health, fair or poor

Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Community Health Survey.
CANSIM table no(s).: 105-0501 (rates), 105-0503 (age-standardized rates)

Population aged 12 and over who reported perceiving their own mental health status as being excellent or very good or fair or poor, depending on the indicator. Perceived mental health refers to the perception of a person's mental health in general. Perceived mental health provides a general indication of the population suffering from some form of mental disorder, mental or emotional problems, or distress, not necessarily reflected in perceived health.

Return to table footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Perceived life stress

Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Community Health Survey.
CANSIM table no(s).: 105-0501 (rates), 105-0503 (age-standardized rates)

Population aged 15 and over who reported perceiving that most days in their life were quite a bit or extremely stressful. Perceived life stress refers to the amount of stress in the person's life, on most days, as perceived by the person or, in the case of proxy response, by the person responding.

Stress carries several negative health consequences, including heart disease, stroke, high blood pressure, as well as immune and circulatory complications.1 Exposure to stress can also contribute to behaviours such as smoking, over-consumption of alcohol, and less-healthy eating habits.

Return to table footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Overweight or obese

Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Community Health Survey.
CANSIM table no(s).: 105-0501 (rates), 105-0503 (age-standardized rates)

Body mass index (BMI) is a method of classifying body weight according to health risk. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) and Health Canada guidelines, health risk levels are associated with each of the following BMI categories:

  • normal weight = least health risk;
  • underweight and overweight = increased health risk;
  • obese, class I = high health risk;
  • obese, class II = very high health risk;
  • obese, class III = extremely high health risk.

Body mass index (BMI) is calculated by dividing the respondent's body weight (in kilograms) by their height (in metres) squared.

A definition change was implemented in 2004 to conform with the World Health Organization (WHO) and Health Canada guidelines for body weight classification. The index is calculated for the population aged 18 and over, excluding pregnant females and persons less than 3 feet (0.914 metres) tall or greater than 6 feet 11 inches (2.108 metres).

According to the World Health Organization (WHO) and Health Canada guidelines, the index for body weight classification is:

  • less than 18.50 (underweight);
  • 18.50 to 24.99 (normal weight);
  • 25.00 to 29.99 (overweight);
  • 30.00 to 34.99 (obese, class I);
  • 35.00 to 39.99 (obese, class II);
  • 40.00 or greater (obese, class III).

Obesity has been linked with many chronic diseases, including hypertension, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, osteoarthritis and certain types of cancer.

Return to table footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Overweight

Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Community Health Survey.
CANSIM table no(s).: 105-0501 (rates), 105-0503 (age-standardized rates)

Body mass index (BMI) is a method of classifying body weight according to health risk. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) and Health Canada guidelines, health risk levels are associated with each of the following BMI categories:

  • normal weight = least health risk;
  • underweight and overweight = increased health risk;
  • obese, class I = high health risk;
  • obese, class II = very high health risk;
  • obese, class III = extremely high health risk.

Body mass index (BMI) is calculated by dividing the respondent's body weight (in kilograms) by their height (in metres) squared.

A definition change was implemented in 2004 to conform with the World Health Organization (WHO) and Health Canada guidelines for body weight classification. The index is calculated for the population aged 18 and over, excluding pregnant females and persons less than 3 feet (0.914 metres) tall or greater than 6 feet 11 inches (2.108 metres).

According to the World Health Organization (WHO) and Health Canada guidelines, the index for body weight classification is:

  • less than 18.50 (underweight);
  • 18.50 to 24.99 (normal weight);
  • 25.00 to 29.99 (overweight);
  • 30.00 to 34.99 (obese, class I);
  • 35.00 to 39.99 (obese, class II);
  • 40.00 or greater (obese, class III).

Return to table footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Obese

Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Community Health Survey.
CANSIM table no(s).: 105-0501 (rates), 105-0503 (age-standardized rates)

Body mass index (BMI) is a method of classifying body weight according to health risk. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) and Health Canada guidelines, health risk levels are associated with each of the following BMI categories:

  • normal weight = least health risk;
  • underweight and overweight = increased health risk;
  • obese, class I = high health risk;
  • obese, class II = very high health risk;
  • obese, class III = extremely high health risk.

Body mass index (BMI) is calculated by dividing the respondent's body weight (in kilograms) by their height (in metres) squared.

A definition change was implemented in 2004 to conform with the World Health Organization (WHO) and Health Canada guidelines for body weight classification. The index is calculated for the population aged 18 and over, excluding pregnant females and persons less than 3 feet (0.914 metres) tall or greater than 6 feet 11 inches (2.108 metres).

According to the World Health Organization (WHO) and Health Canada guidelines, the index for body weight classification is:

  • less than 18.50 (underweight);
  • 18.50 to 24.99 (normal weight);
  • 25.00 to 29.99 (overweight);
  • 30.00 to 34.99 (obese, class I);
  • 35.00 to 39.99 (obese, class II);
  • 40.00 or greater (obese, class III).

Obesity has been linked with many chronic diseases, including hypertension, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, osteoarthritis and certain types of cancer.

Return to table footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Arthritis

Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Community Health Survey.
CANSIM table no(s).: 105-0501 (rates), 105-0503 (age-standardized rates)

Starting in June 2012, all data for this indicator are based on population aged 15 years and over who reported that they have been diagnosed by a health professional as having arthritis.

Arthritis includes rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis, but excludes fibromyalgia.

The term 'arthritis' describes many conditions that affect joints, the tissue surrounding joints, and other connective tissue. The most common types are osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. The resulting pain, stiffness, swelling and/or deformity of the joints can substantially reduce quality of life.

Return to table footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Diabetes

Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Community Health Survey.
CANSIM table no(s).: 105-0501 (rates), 105-0503 (age-standardized rates)

Population aged 12 and over who reported that they have been diagnosed by a health professional as having diabetes.

Diabetes includes females 15 and over who reported that they have been diagnosed with gestational diabetes.

Diabetes occurs when the body does not produce enough insulin, or when the insulin produced is not used effectively. Diabetes may lead to a reduced quality of life as well as complications such as heart disease, stroke and kidney disease.

Return to table footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Asthma

Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Community Health Survey.
CANSIM table no(s).: 105-0501 (rates), 105-0503 (age-standardized rates)

Population aged 12 and over who reported that they have been diagnosed by a health professional as having asthma.

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways that causes coughing, shortness of breath, chest tightness and wheezing. Quality of life can be affected not only by asthma attacks, but also by absences from work and limitations in other activities.

Return to table footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

High blood pressure

Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Community Health Survey.
CANSIM table no(s).: 105-0501 (rates), 105-0503 (age-standardized rates)

Population aged 12 and over who reported that they have been diagnosed by a health professional as having high blood pressure.

High blood pressure, also known as hypertension, increases the risk of stroke, heart attack and kidney failure. It can narrow and block arteries, as well as strain and weaken the body's organs.

Return to table footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

Mood disorder

Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Community Health Survey.
CANSIM table no(s).: 105-0501 (rates), 105-0503 (age-standardized rates)

Population aged 12 and over who reported that they have been diagnosed by a health professional as having a mood disorder, such as depression, bipolar disorder, mania or dysthymia.

Return to table footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

Pain or discomfort, moderate or severe

Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Community Health Survey.
CANSIM table no(s).: 105-0501 (rates), 105-0503 (age-standardized rates)

Population aged 12 and over who reported that they usually have pain or discomfort.

Return to table footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Pain or discomfort that prevents activities

Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Community Health Survey.
CANSIM table no(s).: 105-0501 (rates), 105-0503 (age-standardized rates)

Population aged 12 and over who reported having pain or discomfort that prevents activities.

Return to table footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Low birth weight

Source: Statistics Canada, Vital Statistics, Birth Database.
CANSIM table no(s).: 102-4005

Low birth weight rates in this table include all live births with birth weight less than 2,500 grams.

Low birth weight birth rates are calculated as follows: low birth weight birth counts in a given year divided by live birth counts for the same year with known birth weight.

Birth weight is the first weight of the newborn obtained immediately after birth, expressed in grams.

The Health Trends product presents data from 2003 to the most current available. For additional years of data, see the related CANSIM table(s).

Return to table footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Community Health Survey.
CANSIM table no(s).: 105-0501 (rates), 105-0503 (age-standardized rates)

Population aged 35 and over who reported being diagnosed by a health professional with chronic bronchitis, emphysema or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Return to table footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Injuries within the past 12 months causing limitation of normal activities

Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Community Health Survey.
CANSIM table no(s).: 105-0501 (rates), 105-0503 (age-standardized rates)

Population aged 12 and over who sustained injuries in the past 12 months. Repetitive strain injuries are not included. Refers to injuries which are serious enough to limit normal activities. For those with more than one injury in the past 12 months, refers to "the most serious injury", as identified by the respondent.

This indicator is derived from data collected from an optional content module. Only provincial and sub-provincial estimates are available for years when the module was selected by a given province. National estimates are not available unless the module became part of biennial or quadrennial common content blocks in a given survey year. Please refer to the document "CCHS content overview" available for the survey under the documentation section of the Definitions, data sources and methods page on the Statistics Canada website

Return to table footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Injuries in the past 12 months, sought medical attention

Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Community Health Survey.
CANSIM table no(s).: 105-0501 (rates), 105-0503 (age-standardized rates)

Population aged 12 and over who sustained injuries in the past 12 months and who sought medical attention from a health professional in the 48 hours following the injury. Repetitive strain injuries are not included. Refers to injuries which are serious enough to limit normal activities. For those with more than one injury in the past 12 months, refers to "the most serious injury", as identified by the respondent.

The Health Trends product presents data from 2003 to the most current available. For additional years of data, see the related CANSIM table(s).

This indicator is derived from data collected from an optional content module. Only provincial and sub-provincial estimates are available for years when the module was selected by a given province. National estimates are not available unless the module became part of biennial or quadrennial common content blocks in a given survey year. Please refer to the document "CCHS content overview" available for the survey under the documentation section of the Definitions, data sources and methods page on the Statistics Canada website

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Footnote 20

Cancer incidence

Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Cancer Registry (CCR) Database (July 2010 file) and Demography Division (population estimates).
CANSIM table no(s).: 103-0550 (rates), 103-0553 (age-standardized rates)

Cancer incidence refers to new primary sites of malignant neoplasms. World Health Organization, International Classification of Diseases for Oncology, Third Edition (ICD-O-3) and the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) rules for determining multiple primaries sites.  [C00-C97].

The Health Trends product presents data from 2003 to the most current available. For additional years of data, see the related CANSIM table(s).

Return to table footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Colon cancer incidence

Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Cancer Registry (CCR) Database (July 2010 file) and Demography Division (population estimates).
CANSIM table no(s).: 103-0550 (rates), 103-0553 (age-standardized rates)

Cancer incidence refers to new primary sites of malignant neoplasms. World Health Organization, International Classification of Diseases for Oncology, Third Edition (ICD-O-3) and the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) rules for determining multiple primaries sites. [C18.0-C18.9, C26.0]

The Health Trends product presents data from 2003 to the most current available. For additional years of data, see the related CANSIM table(s).

Return to table footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

Lung cancer incidence

Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Cancer Registry (CCR) Database (July 2010 file) and Demography Division (population estimates).
CANSIM table no(s).: 103-0550 (rates), 103-0553 (age-standardized rates)

Cancer incidence refers to new primary sites of malignant neoplasms. World Health Organization, International Classification of Diseases for Oncology, Third Edition (ICD-O-3) and the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) rules for determining multiple primaries sites.  [C34.0-C34.9]

The Health Trends product presents data from 2003 to the most current available. For additional years of data, see the related CANSIM table(s).

Return to table footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

Breast cancer incidence

Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Cancer Registry (CCR) Database (July 2010 file) and Demography Division (population estimates).
CANSIM table no(s).: 103-0550 (rates), 103-0553 (age-standardized rates)

Cancer incidence refers to new primary sites of malignant neoplasms. World Health Organization, International Classification of Diseases for Oncology, Third Edition (ICD-O-3) and the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) rules for determining multiple primaries sites. [C50.0-C50.9]

The Health Trends product presents data from 2003 to the most current available. For additional years of data, see the related CANSIM table(s).

Return to table footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Prostate cancer incidence

Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Cancer Registry (CCR) Database (July 2010 file) and Demography Division (population estimates).
CANSIM table no(s).: 103-0550 (rates), 103-0553 (age-standardized rates)

Cancer incidence refers to new primary sites of malignant neoplasms. World Health Organization, International Classification of Diseases for Oncology, Third Edition (ICD-O-3) and the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) rules for determining multiple primaries sites. [C61.9]

The Health Trends product presents data from 2003 to the most current available. For additional years of data, see the related CANSIM table(s).

Return to table footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Current smoker, daily or occasional

Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Community Health Survey.
CANSIM table no(s).: 105-0501 (rates), 105-0503 (age-standardized rates)

Population aged 12 and over who reported being a current smoker.

Daily smokers refers to those who reported smoking cigarettes every day.

Does not take into account the number of cigarettes smoked.

Occasional smokers refers to those who reported smoking cigarettes occasionally. This includes former daily smokers who now smoke occasionally.

Smoking is a risk factor for lung cancer, heart disease, stroke, chronic respiratory disease, and other conditions1. According to the World Health Organization, smoking is an important and preventable cause of death.

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Footnote 26

Current smoker, daily

Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Community Health Survey.
CANSIM table no(s).: 105-0501 (rates), 105-0503 (age-standardized rates)

Population aged 12 and over who reported being a current smoker.

Daily smokers refers to those who reported smoking cigarettes every day.

Does not take into account the number of cigarettes smoked.

Smoking is a risk factor for lung cancer, heart disease, stroke, chronic respiratory disease, and other conditions1. According to the World Health Organization, smoking is an important and preventable cause of death.

Return to table footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Leisure-time physical activity, moderately active or active

Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Community Health Survey.
CANSIM table no(s).: 105-0501 (rates), 105-0503 (age-standardized rates)

Population aged 12 and over who reported a level of physical activity, based on their responses to questions about the nature, frequency and duration of their participation in leisure-time physical activity.

Respondents are classified as active, moderately active or inactive based on an index of average daily physical activity over the past 3 months. For each leisure time physical activity engaged in by the respondent, an average daily energy expenditure is calculated by multiplying the number of times the activity was performed by the average duration of the activity by the energy cost (kilocalories per kilogram of body weight per hour) of the activity. The index is calculated as the sum of the average daily energy expenditures of all activities. Respondents are classified as follows:

  • 3.0 kcal/kg/day or more = physically active;
  • 1.5 to 2.9 kcal/kg/day = moderately active;
  • less than 1.5 kcal/kg/day = inactive.

The health benefits of physical activity include a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease, some types of cancer, osteoporosis, diabetes, obesity, high blood pressure, depression, stress and anxiety.

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Footnote 28

Leisure-time physical activity, inactive

Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Community Health Survey.
CANSIM table no(s).: 105-0501 (rates), 105-0503 (age-standardized rates)

Population aged 12 and over who reported a level of physical activity, based on their responses to questions about the nature, frequency and duration of their participation in leisure-time physical activity.

Respondents are classified as active, moderately active or inactive based on an index of average daily physical activity over the past 3 months. For each leisure time physical activity engaged in by the respondent, an average daily energy expenditure is calculated by multiplying the number of times the activity was performed by the average duration of the activity by the energy cost (kilocalories per kilogram of body weight per hour) of the activity. The index is calculated as the sum of the average daily energy expenditures of all activities. Respondents are classified as follows:

  • 3.0 kcal/kg/day or more = physically active;
  • 1.5 to 2.9 kcal/kg/day = moderately active;
  • less than 1.5 kcal/kg/day = inactive.

The health benefits of physical activity include a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease, some types of cancer, osteoporosis, diabetes, obesity, high blood pressure, depression, stress and anxiety.

Return to table footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

Fruit and vegetable consumption, 5 times or more per day

Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Community Health Survey.
CANSIM table no(s).: 105-0501 (rates), 105-0503 (age-standardized rates)

Indicates the usual number of times (frequency) per day a person reported eating fruits and vegetables. Measure does not take into account the amount consumed.

Fruit and vegetables are an important source of vitamins, minerals and fibre. A diet rich in fruit and vegetables may reduce the risk of heart disease and some types of cancer.

Return to table footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Breastfeeding initiation

Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Community Health Survey.
CANSIM table no(s).: 105-0501 (rates), 105-0503 (age-standardized rates)

Based on information provided by females aged 15 to 55 who had a baby in the last 5 years.

Initiated breastfeeding refers to mothers who breastfed or tried to breastfeed their last child even if only for a short time.

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Footnote 31

Exclusive breastfeeding, at least six months

Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Community Health Survey.
CANSIM table no(s).: 105-0501 (rates), 105-0503 (age-standardized rates)

Based on information provided by females aged 15 to 55 who had a baby in the last 5 years.

Exclusive breastfeeding refers to an infant receiving only breast milk, without any additional liquid (even water) or solid food.

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Footnote 32

Contact with a medical doctor in the past 12 months

Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Community Health Survey.
CANSIM table no(s).: 105-0501 (rates), 105-0503 (age-standardized rates)

Population aged 12 and over who reported having consulted with a medical doctor in the past 12 months.

Medical doctor includes family or general practitioners as well as specialists such as surgeons, allergists, orthopaedists, gynaecologists or psychiatrists. For population aged 12 to 17, includes pediatricians.

This indicator is derived from data collected from an optional content module. Only provincial and sub-provincial estimates are available for years when the module was selected by a given province. National estimates are not available unless the module became part of biennial or quadrennial common content blocks in a given survey year. Please refer to the document "CCHS content overview" available for the survey under the documentation section of the Definitions, data sources and methods page on the Statistics Canada website

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Footnote 33

Participation and activity limitation, sometimes or often

Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Community Health Survey.
CANSIM table no(s).: 105-0501 (rates), 105-0503 (age-standardized rates)

Population aged 12 and over who reported being limited in selected activities (home, school, work and other activities) because of a physical condition, mental condition or health problem which has lasted or is expected to last 6 months or longer.

This indicator is derived from data collected from an optional content module. Only provincial and sub-provincial estimates are available for years when the module was selected by a given province. National estimates are not available unless the module became part of biennial or quadrennial common content blocks in a given survey year. Please refer to the document "CCHS content overview" available for the survey under the documentation section of the Definitions, data sources and methods page on the Statistics Canada website

Return to table footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

Influenza immunization

Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Community Health Survey.
CANSIM table no(s).: 105-0501 (rates), 105-0503 (age-standardized rates)

Population aged 12 and over who reported when they had their last influenza immunization (flu shot).

The 2009 data on flu shots may include H1N1 vaccines received in the Fall of 2009. In 2010, the word "seasonal" was added to the questions in order to collect the two types of vaccines separately.

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Footnote 35

Regular medical doctor

Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Community Health Survey.
CANSIM table no(s).: 105-0501 (rates), 105-0503 (age-standardized rates)

Population aged 12 and over who reported that they have a regular medical doctor.

For many Canadians, the first point of contact for medical care is their doctor. Being without a regular medical doctor is associated with fewer visits to general practitioners or specialists, who can play a role in the early screening and treatment of medical conditions.

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Footnote 36

Exposure to second-hand smoke at home

Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Community Health Survey.
CANSIM table no(s).: 105-0501 (rates), 105-0503 (age-standardized rates)

Non-smoking population aged 12 and over who reported that at least one person smoked inside their home every day or almost every day.

Smoking includes cigarettes, cigars and pipes.

'Passive smoking,' or exposure to second-hand smoke, has negative respiratory health effects. Two of the most common associated diseases are lung cancer in adults and asthma among children.

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Footnote 37

Exposure to second-hand smoke in the past month, in vehicles and/or public places

Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Community Health Survey.
CANSIM table no(s).: 105-0501 (rates), 105-0503 (age-standardized rates)

Non-smoking population aged 12 and over who reported being exposed to second-hand smoke in private vehicles and/or public places on every day or almost every day in the past month.

Smoking includes cigarettes, cigars and pipes.

'Passive smoking,' or exposure to second-hand smoke, has negative respiratory health effects. Two of the most common associated diseases are lung cancer in adults and asthma among children.

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Footnote 38

Exposure to second-hand smoke in the past month, in vehicles

Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Community Health Survey.
CANSIM table no(s).: 105-0501 (rates), 105-0503 (age-standardized rates)

Non-smoking population aged 12 and over who reported being exposed to second-hand smoke in private vehicles on every day or almost every day in the past month.

Smoking includes cigarettes, cigars and pipes.

'Passive smoking,' or exposure to second-hand smoke, has negative respiratory health effects. Two of the most common associated diseases are lung cancer in adults and asthma among children.

Return to table footnote 38 referrer

Footnote 39

Exposure to second-hand smoke in the past month, in public places

Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Community Health Survey.
CANSIM table no(s).: 105-0501 (rates), 105-0503 (age-standardized rates)

Non-smoking population aged 12 and over who reported being exposed to second-hand smoke in public places on every day or almost every day in the past month.

Smoking includes cigarettes, cigars and pipes.

'Passive smoking,' or exposure to second-hand smoke, has negative respiratory health effects. Two of the most common associated diseases are lung cancer in adults and asthma among children.

Return to table footnote 39 referrer

Footnote 40

Infant mortality

Source: Statistics Canada, Vital Statistics, Birth and Death Databases.
CANSIM table no(s).: 102-0030

Infant mortality corresponds to the death of a child under one year of age.

The Health Trends product presents data from 2003 to the most current available. For additional years of data, see the related CANSIM table(s).

Return to table footnote 40 referrer

Footnote 41

Life expectancy at birth

Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Vital Statistics, Death Database and Demography Division (population estimates).
CANSIM table no(s).: 102-0512

Life expectancy is the number of years a person would be expected to live, starting from birth (for life expectancy at birth) or at age 65 (for life expectancy at age 65), on the basis of the mortality statistics for a given observation period. The estimates are based on three consecutive years of death data.

A widely used indicator of the health of a population. Life expectancy measures quantity rather than quality of life.

The Health Trends product presents data from 2003 to the most current available. For additional years of data, see the related CANSIM table(s).

Return to table footnote 41 referrer

Footnote 42

Life expectancy at age 65

Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Vital Statistics, Death Database and Demography Division (population estimates).
CANSIM table no(s).: 102-0512

Life expectancy is the number of years a person would be expected to live, starting from birth (for life expectancy at birth) or at age 65 (for life expectancy at age 65), on the basis of the mortality statistics for a given observation period. The estimates are based on three consecutive years of death data.

A widely used indicator of the health of a population. Life expectancy measures quantity rather than quality of life.

The Health Trends product presents data from 2003 to the most current available. For additional years of data, see the related CANSIM table(s).

Return to table footnote 42 referrer

Footnote 43

Total, all causes of death

Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Vital Statistics, Death Database and Demography Division (population estimates).
CANSIM table no(s).: 102-0552

World Health Organization (WHO), International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision (ICD-10). [A00-Y89]

The Health Trends product presents data from 2003 to the most current available. For additional years of data, see the related CANSIM table(s).

Return to table footnote 43 referrer

Footnote 44

All cancers, deaths

Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Vital Statistics, Death Database and Demography Division (population estimates).
CANSIM table no(s).: 102-0552

World Health Organization (WHO), International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision (ICD-10). [C00-C97]

The Health Trends product presents data from 2003 to the most current available. For additional years of data, see the related CANSIM table(s).

Return to table footnote 44 referrer

Footnote 45

Diseases of the heart, deaths

Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Vital Statistics, Death Database and Demography Division (population estimates).
CANSIM table no(s).: 102-0552

World Health Organization (WHO), International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision (ICD-10). [I00-I09,I11,I13,I20-I51]

The Health Trends product presents data from 2003 to the most current available. For additional years of data, see the related CANSIM table(s).

Return to table footnote 45 referrer

Footnote 46

Cerebrovascular diseases, deaths

Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Vital Statistics, Death Database and Demography Division (population estimates).
CANSIM table no(s).: 102-0552

World Health Organization (WHO), International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision (ICD-10). [I60-I69]

The Health Trends product presents data from 2003 to the most current available. For additional years of data, see the related CANSIM table(s).

Return to table footnote 46 referrer

Footnote 47

Chronic lower respiratory diseases, deaths

Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Vital Statistics, Death Database and Demography Division (population estimates).
CANSIM table no(s).: 102-0552

World Health Organization (WHO), International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision (ICD-10). [J40-J47]

The Health Trends product presents data from 2003 to the most current available. For additional years of data, see the related CANSIM table(s).

Return to table footnote 47 referrer

Footnote 48

Unintentional injuries, deaths

Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Vital Statistics, Death Database and Demography Division (population estimates).
CANSIM table no(s).: 102-0552

World Health Organization (WHO), International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision (ICD-10). Unintentional injuries [V01-X59, Y85-Y86].

External causes of unintentional injuries include transport accidents, falls, poisoning, drowning and fires, but not complications of medical and surgical care (International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision (ICD-10) codes V01 to X59, Y85 to Y86).

The Health Trends product presents data from 2003 to the most current available. For additional years of data, see the related CANSIM table(s).

Return to table footnote 48 referrer

Footnote 49

Diabetes mellitus, deaths

Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Vital Statistics, Death Database and Demography Division (population estimates).
CANSIM table no(s).: 102-0552

World Health Organization (WHO), International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision (ICD-10). [E10-E14]

The Health Trends product presents data from 2003 to the most current available. For additional years of data, see the related CANSIM table(s).

Return to table footnote 49 referrer

Footnote 50

Alzheimer's disease, deaths

Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Vital Statistics, Death Database and Demography Division (population estimates).
CANSIM table no(s).: 102-0552

World Health Organization (WHO), International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision (ICD-10). [G30]

The Health Trends product presents data from 2003 to the most current available. For additional years of data, see the related CANSIM table(s).

Return to table footnote 50 referrer

Footnote 51

Influenza and pneumonia, deaths

Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Vital Statistics, Death Database and Demography Division (population estimates).
CANSIM table no(s).: 102-0552

World Health Organization (WHO), International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision (ICD-10). [J09-J18]

The Health Trends product presents data from 2003 to the most current available. For additional years of data, see the related CANSIM table(s).

Return to table footnote 51 referrer

Footnote 52

Suicides and self-inflicted injuries, deaths

Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Vital Statistics, Death Database and Demography Division (population estimates).
CANSIM table no(s).: 102-0552

World Health Organization (WHO), International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision (ICD-10). Suicides and self-inflicted injuries [X60-X84, Y87.0].

The Health Trends product presents data from 2003 to the most current available. For additional years of data, see the related CANSIM table(s).

Return to table footnote 52 referrer

Footnote 53

Nephritis, nephritic syndrome and nephrosis, deaths

Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Vital Statistics, Death Database and Demography Division (population estimates).
CANSIM table no(s).: 102-0552

World Health Organization (WHO), International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision (ICD-10). [N00-N07, N17-N19, N25-N27]

The Health Trends product presents data from 2003 to the most current available. For additional years of data, see the related CANSIM table(s).

Return to table footnote 53 referrer

Footnote 54

Sense of community belonging

Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Community Health Survey.
CANSIM table no(s).: 105-0501 (rates), 105-0503 (age-standardized rates)

Population aged 12 and over who reported their sense of belonging to their local community as being very strong or somewhat strong. Research shows a high correlation of sense of community-belonging with physical and mental health.

Return to table footnote 54 referrer

Footnote 55

Life satisfaction, satisfied or very satisfied

Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Community Health Survey.
CANSIM table no(s).: 105-0501 (rates), 105-0503 (age-standardized rates)

Population aged 12 and over who reported being satisfied or very satisfied with their life in general. Starting in 2009, this indicator is based on a grouped variable. In 2009, the question was changed from 5-point answer category to an 11-point scale. The concordance between the two scales was found to be good.

Return to table footnote 55 referrer

How to cite

Statistics Canada. 2014. Health Trends. Statistics Canada Catalogue No. 82-213-XWE. Ottawa. Released June 12, 2014.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/health-sante/82-213/index.cfm?Lang=ENG (accessed April 26, 2024).

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