Tabulation: Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (688), Mother tongue (4), Age Groups (8D) and Sex (3) for the Population of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2011 National Household Survey

• Age groups (8D): Total population in private households by age group
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , mother tongue , age groups and sex for the population in Canada^{Footnote 1}
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 2} = 26.1 %

Selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics (688)	Mother tongue (4)
	Total population in private households by mother tongue^Footnote 3	English	French	English and French
Total population in private households by age group	32,852,325	19,203,935	7,032,775	64,100
0 to 4 years	1,873,690	1,213,535	383,455	6,945
5 to 9 years	1,803,420	1,202,175	347,060	4,970
10 to 14 years	1,915,685	1,268,780	365,405	5,405
15 to 19 years	2,160,275	1,396,850	432,785	5,400
20 to 24 years	2,163,795	1,355,455	425,185	4,470
25 to 29 years	2,149,300	1,288,455	425,480	4,195
30 to 34 years	2,144,650	1,200,585	461,070	3,400
35 to 39 years	2,155,350	1,195,540	418,270	2,980
40 to 44 years	2,306,085	1,268,470	445,095	3,175
45 to 49 years	2,655,580	1,486,510	571,030	3,760
50 to 54 years	2,633,980	1,485,705	620,550	3,790
55 to 59 years	2,314,650	1,304,685	559,330	3,340
60 to 64 years	2,024,330	1,137,385	493,420	3,285
65 to 69 years	1,499,290	811,405	390,835	2,840
70 to 74 years	1,125,245	582,900	270,640	2,325
75 to 79 years	881,815	448,500	206,180	1,540
80 to 84 years	616,105	320,245	134,785	1,435
85 years and over	429,085	236,740	82,195	850
Median age^Footnote 4	40.1	37.8	43.0	30.9
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by marital status^Footnote 5	27,259,525	15,519,435	5,936,850	46,780
Married or living with a common-law partner	16,005,320	8,781,935	3,453,870	21,960
Married (and not separated)	12,878,850	7,282,485	2,076,415	16,090
Living common law	3,126,470	1,499,450	1,377,455	5,870
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	11,254,200	6,737,505	2,482,980	24,820
Single (never legally married)	7,596,685	4,658,005	1,667,475	17,175
Separated	662,580	428,110	95,120	1,120
Divorced	1,647,790	948,275	414,995	3,920
Widowed	1,347,145	703,115	305,390	2,600
Total population in private households by first official language spoken	32,852,320	19,203,935	7,032,775	64,095
English	24,545,120	19,198,785	40,050	31,625
French	7,419,190	5,150	6,992,720	15,085
English and French	347,755	0	0	17,390
Neither English nor French	540,260	0	0	0
Total population by knowledge of official languages^Footnote 6	32,852,325	19,203,935	7,032,770	64,100
English only	22,415,260	17,428,815	40,055	6,350
French only	4,108,890	5,145	3,847,580	1,410
English and French	5,772,255	1,760,215	3,143,155	56,200
Neither English nor French	555,920	9,755	1,995	140
Total population in private households by language spoken most often at home	32,852,320	19,203,935	7,032,770	64,100
Single responses	31,969,435	18,975,270	6,959,390	46,555
English	21,468,335	18,740,990	435,745	30,475
French	6,790,370	84,090	6,496,230	14,555
Non-official languages	3,710,730	150,190	27,415	1,520
Selected Aboriginal languages^Footnote 7	99,055	3,290	220	15
Cree, n.o.s.	40,100	1,595	85	10
Dene	7,370	255	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	9,435	30	80	0
Inuktitut	26,775	570	35	10
Mi'kmaq	3,820	155	10	0
Ojibway	5,725	380	10	0
Oji-Cree	5,825	305	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 8	3,208,655	126,155	22,920	1,360
Arabic	183,880	8,075	6,895	340
Bengali	42,875	2,720	220	25
Cantonese	297,560	9,355	195	40
Chinese, n.o.s.	286,885	8,915	1,025	160
Creoles	30,695	880	3,570	100
Dutch	10,975	210	25	0
German	93,830	1,660	290	0
Greek	49,395	1,325	145	35
Gujarati	57,450	3,290	35	0
Hindi	50,770	4,565	0	25
Hungarian	20,910	310	35	0
Italian	136,600	3,575	865	105
Korean	105,450	3,040	25	0
Mandarin	208,735	4,935	240	25
Panjabi (Punjabi)	327,955	13,160	50	0
Persian (Farsi)	121,490	3,255	355	60
Polish	86,195	2,235	125	0
Portuguese	95,565	3,235	480	0
Romanian	51,655	800	815	20
Russian	112,150	2,685	520	65
Serbian	34,385	765	75	0
Spanish	248,495	9,370	4,170	140
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	194,690	15,595	80	0
Tamil	112,450	8,205	355	65
Ukrainian	24,650	760	45	0
Urdu	111,205	7,440	115	0
Vietnamese	111,755	5,790	2,180	55
Other languages^Footnote 9	403,020	20,745	4,275	145
Multiple responses	882,890	228,665	73,385	17,545
English and French	60,515	11,825	29,970	14,670
English and non-official language	714,595	214,040	4,095	855
French and non-official language	96,315	1,145	37,250	340
English, French and non-official language	11,460	1,655	2,065	1,675
Total population in private households by other language spoken regularly at home	32,852,320	19,203,935	7,032,775	64,100
None	28,220,400	18,363,055	6,226,885	43,290
English	1,979,255	132,920	509,375	7,385
French	674,305	285,885	205,175	10,715
Non-official language	1,851,565	405,200	72,970	1,425
Aboriginal	78,215	28,320	1,175	35
Non-Aboriginal	1,773,355	376,880	71,800	1,390
English and French	36,505	1,275	1,795	380
English and non-official language	45,585	1,985	12,150	295
French and non-official language	43,445	13,525	4,365	595
English, French and non-official language	1,265	85	55	0
Total population in private households by non-official languages spoken^Footnote 10	8,165,495	1,394,300	420,385	11,610
Aboriginal languages	245,115	58,375	2,925	200
Algonquin	2,400	465	520	20
Atikamekw	6,205	65	325	0
Blackfoot	4,395	1,895	0	0
Cree languages^Footnote 11	96,690	23,855	575	100
Mi'kmaq	8,930	2,110	80	20
Innu/Montagnais	11,450	150	600	10
Ojibway	25,160	9,385	125	0
Oji-Cree	10,180	1,530	10	0
Carrier	2,010	1,050	0	0
Dene	12,950	2,060	10	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	2,385	390	15	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	1,815	520	0	0
Stoney	3,495	730	0	0
Inuktitut	36,945	3,785	220	10
Other Aboriginal languages^Footnote 12	23,460	11,625	550	40
Non-Aboriginal languages	7,922,265	1,336,845	417,625	11,420
Italian	595,600	137,505	36,825	1,490
Portuguese	266,955	44,620	10,570	180
Romanian	97,180	5,350	2,325	115
Spanish	873,390	202,885	201,030	2,830
Dutch	135,085	26,055	2,365	115
Flemish	5,620	800	655	25
German	525,485	116,435	22,970	800
Yiddish	23,745	8,725	200	20
Danish	18,165	4,045	135	15
Norwegian	8,890	3,350	230	0
Swedish	14,005	3,840	570	20
Afrikaans	21,870	12,540	140	0
Gaelic languages	7,195	5,770	80	65
Bosnian	14,280	1,200	110	0
Bulgarian	20,150	1,035	385	0
Croatian	63,440	8,630	325	0
Czech	26,640	2,650	255	0
Macedonian	22,130	3,220	80	0
Polish	217,735	24,065	1,805	195
Russian	230,755	17,050	3,690	195
Serbian	65,335	5,290	365	55
Serbo-Croatian	11,640	735	225	0
Slovak	19,025	2,210	150	0
Slovenian	12,290	1,890	20	0
Ukrainian	144,260	28,615	695	115
Latvian	6,955	760	0	0
Lithuanian	8,360	975	100	0
Greek	150,620	30,820	3,485	415
Armenian	36,235	3,130	1,525	180
Albanian	25,675	1,935	445	0
Estonian	6,780	775	10	0
Finnish	18,325	3,130	215	0
Hungarian	73,700	8,915	560	60
Turkish	44,075	3,570	1,055	65
Berber languages (Kabyle)	7,435	10	1,455	0
Oromo	14,195	565	1,995	0
Somali	37,115	6,075	785	0
Amharic	24,285	2,775	105	35
Arabic	470,965	53,360	57,110	1,945
Hebrew	70,690	26,515	4,470	95
Maltese	7,550	2,140	0	0
Tigrigna	11,280	1,225	45	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	19,975	1,895	15	0
Bengali	69,495	10,135	505	115
Gujarati	118,950	22,910	490	90
Hindi	335,415	67,615	910	280
Konkani	5,785	3,505	0	0
Marathi	9,695	2,635	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	545,730	72,375	190	120
Sindhi	15,530	4,065	115	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	23,965	5,365	30	0
Urdu	240,740	43,505	455	130
Nepali	11,455	905	45	0
Kurdish	11,815	1,005	30	0
Pashto	16,510	1,305	50	0
Persian (Farsi)	196,110	14,195	1,375	225
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	8,615	1,485	155	0
Kannada	5,205	1,485	0	0
Malayalam	22,125	4,915	0	25
Tamil	179,470	30,675	820	205
Telugu	12,645	3,040	55	15
Japanese	74,695	23,435	2,830	150
Korean	149,040	12,705	440	50
Cantonese	472,510	51,745	1,055	150
Fukien	6,610	1,250	0	0
Hakka	5,350	830	50	60
Mandarin	378,605	28,715	2,420	215
Taiwanese	15,380	485	0	20
Chinese, n.o.s.	419,065	38,505	3,010	390
Lao	17,800	2,080	1,055	20
Thai	13,540	3,070	440	30
Khmer (Cambodian)	26,580	2,285	1,960	20
Vietnamese	192,065	19,005	4,875	195
Bisayan languages	19,690	3,670	30	35
Ilocano	21,880	3,310	30	0
Malay	20,720	5,760	280	20
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	491,075	93,185	660	215
Akan (Twi)	19,140	5,540	90	20
Lingala	12,185	240	6,710	95
Rundi (Kirundi)	5,860	135	1,215	0
Rwanda (Kinyarwanda)	5,525	120	1,310	0
Swahili	31,695	7,360	3,790	30
Bantu languages, n.i.e.	13,470	2,695	2,620	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	29,240	7,995	4,565	50
African languages, n.i.e.	14,135	2,890	1,005	0
Creoles	128,555	11,260	47,400	820
Other non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 13	133,195	43,720	11,645	240
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago^Footnote 14	32,485,220	18,966,695	6,955,780	61,900
Non-movers	28,443,525	16,628,900	6,171,940	53,625
Movers	4,041,695	2,337,795	783,840	8,270
Non-migrants	2,380,370	1,412,975	453,880	4,825
Migrants	1,661,320	924,825	329,960	3,450
Internal migrants	1,359,110	842,730	305,405	3,120
Intraprovincial migrants	1,116,780	664,115	283,010	2,475
Interprovincial migrants	242,325	178,615	22,400	645
External migrants	302,215	82,100	24,555	325
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago^Footnote 15	30,978,630	17,990,395	6,649,320	57,150
Non-movers	19,010,730	11,240,915	4,280,565	34,095
Movers	11,967,900	6,749,480	2,368,750	23,060
Non-migrants	6,467,760	3,803,925	1,306,165	12,270
Migrants	5,500,140	2,945,560	1,062,585	10,785
Internal migrants	4,297,735	2,668,160	981,685	9,345
Intraprovincial migrants	3,442,065	2,026,935	903,885	7,245
Interprovincial migrants	855,670	641,225	77,800	2,100
External migrants	1,202,405	277,395	80,905	1,445
Total population by citizenship^Footnote 16	32,852,320	19,203,935	7,032,770	64,095
Canadian citizens	30,895,305	18,764,565	6,928,205	62,410
Canadian citizens only	29,962,640	18,455,255	6,849,585	60,375
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	932,665	309,310	78,625	2,030
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 17	1,957,015	439,375	104,560	1,690
Total population in private households by immigrant status and selected places of birth^Footnote 18	32,852,325	19,203,935	7,032,775	64,100
Non-immigrants^Footnote 19	25,720,175	17,389,355	6,741,225	58,050
Born in province of residence	21,853,870	14,122,915	6,332,035	45,850
Born outside province of residence	3,866,300	3,266,435	409,190	12,195
Immigrants^Footnote 20	6,775,770	1,728,615	264,075	5,750
Americas	1,060,230	585,765	46,920	1,080
United States	263,470	229,620	11,385	680
Jamaica	126,035	124,240	95	25
Guyana	87,945	87,180	100	0
Haiti	80,100	1,470	27,545	145
Mexico	69,695	3,530	750	20
Trinidad and Tobago	67,205	66,510	145	15
Colombia	60,555	2,365	1,190	0
El Salvador	43,655	1,995	375	0
Peru	26,715	1,485	520	0
Chile	25,195	1,205	435	0
Other places of birth in Americas	209,665	66,165	4,375	170
Europe	2,127,790	657,620	107,455	1,260
United Kingdom^Footnote 21	537,040	522,590	980	225
Italy	256,825	13,070	1,875	180
Germany	152,350	23,470	2,535	115
Poland	152,290	6,635	430	45
Portugal	138,520	7,345	715	15
Netherlands	98,510	12,670	330	35
France	90,440	3,865	80,485	285
Romania	82,595	3,790	1,380	40
Russian Federation	73,025	4,190	880	50
Greece	66,475	3,020	260	0
Ukraine	65,450	2,765	290	20
Croatia	40,010	1,890	130	0
Hungary	38,985	1,960	105	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	35,885	1,190	170	0
Serbia	32,600	1,070	70	0
Ireland, Republic of	28,040	27,330	25	45
Other places of birth in Europe	238,740	20,775	16,790	170
Africa	492,025	107,845	80,975	1,705
Morocco	56,275	655	16,785	110
Algeria	51,085	290	14,750	55
Egypt	49,930	6,570	6,435	340
South Africa, Republic of	40,555	31,225	145	0
Nigeria	27,625	16,315	120	0
Ethiopia	24,540	2,635	265	0
Kenya	24,510	11,085	200	25
Other places of birth in Africa	217,505	39,075	42,275	1,135
Asia	3,041,100	344,770	28,350	1,665
India	547,890	82,020	480	135
China^Footnote 22	545,535	23,575	6,715	210
Philippines	454,335	89,280	615	105
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	205,430	17,420	145	40
Viet Nam^Footnote 23	165,125	9,550	3,245	75
Pakistan	156,865	24,130	210	15
Sri Lanka	132,130	16,800	230	50
Iran^Footnote 24	120,685	5,310	530	85
Korea, South^Footnote 25	112,400	6,675	760	25
Lebanon	81,105	5,560	9,125	425
Taiwan	66,455	2,840	495	35
Iraq	49,520	2,865	155	35
Bangladesh	45,325	4,590	205	25
Afghanistan	40,940	1,490	110	20
Japan	25,805	1,920	135	0
Turkey	25,275	1,185	425	0
Other places of birth in Asia	266,280	49,560	4,775	370
Oceania and other^Footnote 26	54,620	32,610	380	35
Fiji	24,290	5,100	20	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 27	30,335	27,510	360	35
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 28	356,385	85,970	27,470	300
Total recent immigrant population in private households by selected places of birth^Footnote 29	1,162,915	204,275	65,690	1,200
Americas	188,735	65,640	8,975	250
United States	45,015	35,985	1,430	135
Mexico	22,310	555	205	0
Cuba	5,555	150	45	0
Haiti	19,305	605	6,140	80
Jamaica	9,800	9,620	0	0
Brazil	9,540	275	115	0
Colombia	27,555	765	390	0
Guyana	6,010	5,910	25	0
Peru	6,410	260	75	0
Venezuela^Footnote 30	6,185	210	35	0
Other places of birth in Americas	31,045	11,310	510	15
Europe	159,745	38,560	22,500	150
France	20,385	260	19,370	75
Germany	10,455	805	245	0
Poland	5,365	180	0	0
Romania	13,370	340	220	0
Moldova^Footnote 31	6,570	90	230	0
Russian Federation	17,100	985	130	0
Ukraine	12,385	605	95	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 32	32,965	31,425	110	40
Other places of birth in Europe	41,160	3,880	2,095	20
Africa	145,720	22,160	28,635	525
Nigeria	13,040	8,175	20	0
Ethiopia	6,590	865	85	0
Mauritius	4,195	440	1,480	280
Somalia	4,310	285	0	0
Algeria	21,245	75	5,475	15
Egypt	11,105	1,645	410	20
Morocco	20,300	70	4,055	0
Tunisia	4,755	0	845	0
Cameroon	5,425	900	3,590	30
Congo, The Democratic Republic of the	5,870	205	2,690	30
South Africa, Republic of	5,660	3,130	40	0
Other places of birth in Africa	43,230	6,360	9,930	115
Asia	661,570	72,765	5,500	265
Philippines	152,275	26,865	240	0
China^Footnote 33	122,090	5,145	1,340	60
India	121,420	17,145	190	55
Pakistan	35,040	4,130	95	0
Iran^Footnote 34	30,290	1,130	105	0
Korea, South^Footnote 35	27,670	1,380	175	0
Sri Lanka	21,430	2,410	35	0
Iraq	16,915	520	55	0
Bangladesh	14,110	1,165	95	0
Lebanon	12,420	895	1,825	80
Viet Nam^Footnote 36	11,280	860	385	0
Taiwan	9,295	460	60	0
Afghanistan	8,425	195	35	0
Japan	6,385	365	40	0
Turkey	5,850	310	30	0
Israel	5,230	610	85	0
Nepal	5,215	295	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	4,805	610	0	0
United Arab Emirates	4,800	1,965	70	0
Saudi Arabia	4,340	770	90	0
Syria^Footnote 37	4,150	275	70	0
Other places of birth in Asia	38,140	5,275	440	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 38	7,145	5,145	85	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and period of immigration^Footnote 39	32,852,325	19,203,935	7,032,770	64,100
Non-immigrants^Footnote 40	25,720,175	17,389,350	6,741,225	58,045
Immigrants^Footnote 41	6,775,765	1,728,615	264,075	5,750
Before 1971	1,261,060	495,895	40,755	1,040
1971 to 1980	870,770	343,390	34,025	660
1981 to 1990	949,895	233,700	29,035	815
1991 to 2000	1,539,055	277,715	50,535	1,000
2001 to 2011^Footnote 42	2,154,985	377,910	109,730	2,240
2001 to 2005	992,075	173,640	44,040	1,040
2006 to 2011^Footnote 43	1,162,915	204,275	65,695	1,195
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 44	356,385	85,970	27,470	300
Total population in private households by generation status^Footnote 45	32,852,325	19,203,930	7,032,770	64,095
First generation^Footnote 46	7,217,295	1,874,750	301,310	6,275
Second generation^Footnote 47	5,702,725	4,142,565	357,365	13,610
Third generation or more^Footnote 48	19,932,300	13,186,620	6,374,100	44,210
Total population in private households by Aboriginal identity	32,852,325	19,203,930	7,032,770	64,100
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 49	1,400,690	1,071,005	130,110	3,925
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^Footnote 50	851,560	646,180	51,280	1,475
Métis single identity	451,790	370,655	71,125	2,105
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	59,440	23,945	1,180	45
Multiple Aboriginal identities^Footnote 51	11,420	9,295	1,725	170
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^Footnote 52	26,475	20,930	4,800	125
Non-Aboriginal identity	31,451,635	18,132,925	6,902,660	60,170
Total population in private households by Registered or Treaty Indian status^Footnote 53	32,852,320	19,203,935	7,032,775	64,100
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 54	697,510	517,025	29,255	925
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	32,154,815	18,686,910	7,003,520	63,175
Total population aged 15 years and over by labour force status^Footnote 55	27,259,525	15,519,440	5,936,850	46,780
In the labour force	17,990,080	10,541,390	3,850,570	28,210
Employed	16,595,035	9,714,710	3,598,260	25,500
Unemployed	1,395,050	826,680	252,310	2,710
Not in the labour force	9,269,445	4,978,045	2,086,280	18,570
Participation rate	66.0	67.9	64.9	60.3
Employment rate	60.9	62.6	60.6	54.5
Unemployment rate	7.8	7.8	6.6	9.6
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker	17,990,080	10,541,385	3,850,570	28,210
Class of Worker - Not applicable^Footnote 56	402,465	209,830	68,185	815
All Classes of Worker^Footnote 57	17,587,615	10,331,555	3,782,385	27,395
Employee	15,660,620	9,216,020	3,402,980	24,625
Self-employed	1,926,990	1,115,540	379,405	2,770
Self-employed (incorporated)	715,885	400,295	141,380	910
Without paid help	299,970	166,380	64,065	440
With paid help	415,910	233,910	77,315	475
Self-employed (unincorporated)	1,162,490	686,765	230,765	1,820
Without paid help	843,045	508,755	176,100	1,405
With paid help	319,440	178,015	54,665	415
Unpaid family worker	48,620	28,480	7,260	40
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011	17,990,080	10,541,390	3,850,570	28,210
Occupation - Not applicable^Footnote 58	402,465	209,835	68,185	815
All occupations^Footnote 59	17,587,615	10,331,555	3,782,385	27,400
0 Management occupations	1,963,600	1,217,410	376,785	2,695
00 Senior management occupations	215,860	117,550	62,965	400
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	653,730	411,305	121,625	1,040
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	627,165	376,400	114,995	825
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	466,845	312,155	77,200	435
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,902,045	1,717,335	635,680	4,745
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	563,335	314,750	116,110	910
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	993,405	578,990	253,020	1,595
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	196,250	126,215	32,045	320
14 Office support occupations	785,240	478,225	153,890	1,305
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	363,810	219,150	80,620	615
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,237,770	652,775	248,805	1,700
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	678,925	333,320	123,315	825
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	558,840	319,450	125,490	870
3 Health occupations	1,107,200	633,390	251,005	1,350
30 Professional occupations in nursing	308,105	190,125	66,165	390
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	228,075	126,630	48,000	290
32 Technical occupations in health	308,135	175,780	74,735	375
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	262,890	140,860	62,100	300
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,064,675	1,251,100	456,090	3,090
40 Professional occupations in education services	719,000	433,990	164,580	1,105
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	458,210	289,425	94,035	685
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	414,880	225,985	112,575	575
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	161,505	112,510	37,855	270
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	311,080	189,190	47,050	450
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	503,415	316,010	110,795	1,110
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	187,000	116,470	41,235	335
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	316,415	199,540	69,555	770
6 Sales and service occupations	4,068,170	2,340,625	858,440	7,665
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	352,910	213,115	69,175	470
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	547,560	281,155	119,340	990
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - wholesale and retail trade	845,440	516,865	177,640	1,625
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	840,675	490,380	179,075	2,045
66 Sales support occupations	565,770	331,000	130,285	1,220
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	915,815	508,115	182,920	1,315
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,537,780	1,538,185	574,580	3,585
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	913,135	559,100	202,660	1,175
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	497,020	306,120	123,635	660
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	248,795	154,615	48,480	390
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	665,485	386,440	153,290	1,000
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	213,335	131,910	46,520	360
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	397,925	277,880	72,640	505
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	116,610	87,130	21,020	190
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	140,525	87,140	32,005	160
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	140,795	103,610	19,610	150
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	805,040	386,840	197,570	945
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	134,585	83,970	29,780	165
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	258,070	115,950	66,675	395
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	201,130	97,970	40,640	175
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	211,255	88,950	60,475	215
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007^Footnote 60	17,990,080	10,541,385	3,850,570	28,210
Industry - not applicable^Footnote 61	402,470	209,830	68,185	810
All industries^Footnote 62	17,587,615	10,331,555	3,782,385	27,395
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	437,650	283,645	93,090	505
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	261,050	205,335	30,135	390
22 Utilities	149,940	95,750	34,770	90
23 Construction	1,215,380	765,575	251,980	1,665
31-33 Manufacturing	1,619,290	800,495	423,420	1,980
41 Wholesale trade	733,445	431,910	140,700	1,010
44-45 Retail trade	2,031,670	1,204,575	459,575	3,790
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	827,780	483,905	162,115	1,445
51 Information and cultural industries	420,830	252,910	84,810	725
52 Finance and insurance	767,960	440,060	143,570	1,315
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	321,895	194,560	52,780	570
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,240,850	712,340	237,560	1,780
55 Management of companies and enterprises	17,460	10,460	3,160	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	728,325	424,970	131,140	1,180
61 Educational services	1,301,435	792,035	288,680	2,140
62 Health care and social assistance	1,949,650	1,118,075	465,170	2,655
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	363,405	244,850	72,455	725
72 Accommodation and food services	1,130,750	636,525	210,975	1,930
81 Other services (except public administration)	807,805	459,210	176,605	1,240
91 Public administration	1,261,045	774,360	319,710	2,245
Total employed population 15 years and over by place of work status^Footnote 63	16,595,030	9,714,710	3,598,260	25,500
Usual place of work	13,517,690	7,801,550	3,051,440	20,910
Work in CSD of residence	7,981,010	4,683,535	1,646,210	12,350
Work in a different CSD in CD of residence	2,787,300	1,863,800	458,730	3,710
Work in a different CSD and CD in province of residence	2,588,225	1,170,525	890,400	4,155
Work in a different province	161,160	83,685	56,105	695
Worked at home	1,142,640	703,215	218,640	1,610
Worked outside Canada	66,455	35,045	7,445	95
No fixed workplace address	1,868,245	1,174,900	320,740	2,885
Total employed population aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address by mode of transportation^Footnote 64	15,385,935	8,976,450	3,372,180	23,795
Car, truck or van - as a driver	11,393,145	6,757,050	2,625,820	16,210
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	867,055	549,745	131,595	1,195
Public transit	1,851,525	888,530	340,345	3,675
Walked	880,815	528,435	196,210	1,785
Bicycle	201,780	132,095	45,090	510
Other methods	191,625	120,595	33,110	425
Total population aged 15 years and over by language used most often at work^Footnote 65	19,133,310	11,268,485	4,093,150	30,645
English	14,622,905	11,072,660	479,325	16,610
French	3,831,530	111,140	3,439,980	7,465
Non-official language	251,015	8,805	1,405	20
Aboriginal	23,825	970	105	0
Non-Aboriginal	227,190	7,830	1,300	15
English and French	317,135	61,810	168,415	6,330
English and non-official language	94,100	12,705	490	75
French and non-official language	5,180	150	1,255	0
English, French and non-official language	11,440	1,220	2,285	130
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by other language used regularly at work^Footnote 66	19,133,310	11,268,485	4,093,150	30,645
None	16,891,300	10,844,735	2,953,500	21,535
English	1,148,980	77,990	867,265	3,785
French	645,075	282,120	255,605	4,860
Non-official language	411,735	56,855	8,920	290
Aboriginal	34,775	8,345	540	10
Non-Aboriginal	376,960	48,510	8,380	275
English and French	1,925	180	135	0
English and non-official language	15,125	555	5,595	75
French and non-official language	19,020	6,020	2,125	95
English, French and non-official language	145	25	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by highest certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 67	27,259,525	15,519,440	5,936,850	46,780
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,485,395	2,898,705	1,345,085	10,060
High school diploma or equivalent^Footnote 68	6,968,935	4,391,265	1,293,720	11,955
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 69	14,805,195	8,229,460	3,298,040	24,760
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^Footnote 70	2,950,685	1,511,115	1,008,720	6,035
Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)^Footnote 71	1,724,390	764,145	711,165	3,690
Registered Apprenticeship certificate^Footnote 72	1,226,295	746,970	297,555	2,345
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	4,970,020	3,108,610	1,031,905	8,590
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^Footnote 73	1,200,130	582,750	262,610	2,165
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	5,684,355	3,026,985	994,805	7,970
Bachelor's degree	3,634,425	2,007,970	648,870	4,850
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	602,910	307,620	100,580	1,135
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	154,700	73,205	24,860	135
Master's degree	1,083,840	539,335	186,720	1,585
Earned doctorate^Footnote 74	208,480	98,860	33,770	270
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011^Footnote 75	14,805,195	8,229,460	3,298,040	24,760
Education	1,109,460	654,775	273,040	1,725
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	548,630	317,165	125,750	1,200
Humanities	821,595	450,270	173,620	1,760
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,497,755	886,760	279,390	2,730
Business, management and public administration	3,187,570	1,714,130	751,295	4,980
Physical and life sciences and technologies	554,680	280,665	99,115	1,010
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	601,705	285,735	115,980	935
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,193,975	1,702,235	736,940	5,215
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	326,230	190,490	80,220	415
Health and related fields^Footnote 76	2,060,605	1,233,190	408,690	2,815
Personal, protective and transportation services	900,000	512,625	252,845	1,970
Other fields of study^Footnote 77	2,995	1,425	1,165	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by location of study^Footnote 78	14,805,190	8,229,465	3,298,040	24,760
Inside Canada	12,404,670	7,574,250	3,182,445	22,845
Newfoundland and Labrador	237,725	233,790	925	75
Prince Edward Island	56,215	53,005	2,130	80
Nova Scotia	437,445	406,305	15,985	665
New Brunswick	303,035	201,060	94,770	1,180
Quebec	3,368,155	315,965	2,756,875	10,010
Ontario	4,594,305	3,528,190	244,515	7,840
Manitoba	446,230	359,440	18,915	600
Saskatchewan	407,065	364,645	7,755	275
Alberta	1,200,980	1,026,600	22,930	965
British Columbia	1,338,440	1,075,255	17,020	1,145
Yukon	5,535	4,780	180	15
Northwest Territories	6,265	4,335	335	0
Nunavut	3,270	870	115	0
Outside Canada	2,400,520	655,215	115,600	1,915
Total population in private households by visible minority	32,852,325	19,203,935	7,032,770	64,100
Total visible minority population^Footnote 79	6,264,750	1,999,805	262,360	8,820
South Asian^Footnote 80	1,567,400	489,970	8,000	1,500
Chinese	1,324,745	257,725	14,885	1,125
Black	945,665	576,305	146,925	2,555
Filipino	619,310	219,235	1,720	615
Latin American	381,280	50,980	10,955	215
Arab	380,620	58,630	49,040	1,180
Southeast Asian^Footnote 81	312,080	71,465	16,535	465
West Asian^Footnote 82	206,840	21,790	1,490	155
Korean	161,130	24,035	1,400	70
Japanese	87,270	47,450	1,175	120
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 83	106,475	85,460	4,480	290
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 84	171,935	96,760	5,760	530
Not a visible minority^Footnote 85	26,587,570	17,204,130	6,770,410	55,275
Total population in private households by selected ethnic origins (single and multiple responses)^Footnote 86	32,852,320	19,203,935	7,032,770	64,100
Total population - Single responses^Footnote 87	19,036,300	8,397,905	4,928,435	26,775
Total population - Multiple responses^Footnote 88	13,816,025	10,806,030	2,104,340	37,320
Canadian - Total responses	10,563,805	5,547,980	4,849,585	27,040
Canadian - Single responses	5,834,535	2,479,755	3,302,390	10,555
Canadian - Multiple responses	4,729,270	3,068,225	1,547,195	16,480
English - Total responses	6,509,500	6,314,195	146,085	11,675
English - Single responses	1,312,565	1,295,480	13,240	550
English - Multiple responses	5,196,930	5,018,715	132,840	11,130
French - Total responses	5,065,685	2,310,240	2,674,650	29,690
French - Single responses	1,165,460	158,265	1,000,240	4,445
French - Multiple responses	3,900,230	2,151,975	1,674,410	25,245
Scottish - Total responses	4,714,970	4,564,685	126,240	7,000
Scottish - Single responses	544,440	525,600	17,100	310
Scottish - Multiple responses	4,170,525	4,039,085	109,140	6,690
Irish - Total responses	4,544,870	4,170,230	349,710	10,940
Irish - Single responses	506,445	440,325	64,445	675
Irish - Multiple responses	4,038,425	3,729,900	285,270	10,265
German - Total responses	3,203,330	2,753,985	97,655	3,510
German - Single responses	608,520	382,110	13,560	125
German - Multiple responses	2,594,805	2,371,870	84,095	3,390
Italian - Total responses	1,488,425	904,850	133,015	3,675
Italian - Single responses	700,850	285,820	30,060	890
Italian - Multiple responses	787,580	619,030	102,955	2,785
Chinese - Total responses	1,487,585	344,785	19,695	1,345
Chinese - Single responses	1,210,945	185,385	11,510	880
Chinese - Multiple responses	276,635	159,400	8,180	465
First Nations (North American Indian) - Total responses	1,369,115	959,985	246,740	4,200
First Nations (North American Indian) - Single responses	517,545	332,135	44,230	330
First Nations (North American Indian) - Multiple responses	851,570	627,850	202,510	3,870
Ukrainian - Total responses	1,251,170	1,068,865	11,835	1,170
Ukrainian - Single responses	276,055	178,295	1,770	120
Ukrainian - Multiple responses	975,115	890,565	10,065	1,045
East Indian - Total responses	1,165,145	442,730	9,365	1,520
East Indian - Single responses	919,160	281,785	3,700	705
East Indian - Multiple responses	245,985	160,945	5,665	815
Dutch - Total responses	1,067,250	910,870	14,965	1,180
Dutch - Single responses	297,890	195,880	2,095	55
Dutch - Multiple responses	769,360	714,990	12,875	1,130
Polish - Total responses	1,010,700	747,650	25,155	1,405
Polish - Single responses	255,130	85,720	4,005	130
Polish - Multiple responses	755,570	661,930	21,140	1,270
Filipino - Total responses	662,605	247,745	2,035	800
Filipino - Single responses	506,545	153,225	820	345
Filipino - Multiple responses	156,060	94,515	1,215	455
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Total responses^Footnote 89	576,030	560,760	9,115	1,140
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Single responses^Footnote 90	128,085	126,670	855	120
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Multiple responses^Footnote 91	447,945	434,095	8,260	1,020
Russian - Total responses	550,520	376,580	7,690	680
Russian - Single responses	107,295	33,190	1,275	70
Russian - Multiple responses	443,220	343,390	6,415	615
Welsh - Total responses	458,705	453,075	2,785	590
Welsh - Single responses	28,785	27,590	160	40
Welsh - Multiple responses	429,920	425,485	2,625	550
Norwegian - Total responses	452,705	440,815	4,585	285
Norwegian - Single responses	44,075	39,285	700	0
Norwegian - Multiple responses	408,630	401,525	3,885	270
Métis - Total responses	447,655	373,100	67,440	1,985
Métis - Single responses	68,205	53,765	12,190	345
Métis - Multiple responses	379,445	319,335	55,250	1,640
Portuguese - Total responses	429,855	207,335	21,280	510
Portuguese - Single responses	250,320	68,690	6,175	90
Portuguese - Multiple responses	179,530	138,650	15,110	420
American - Total responses	372,575	328,035	34,335	1,060
American - Single responses	32,940	28,310	3,700	40
American - Multiple responses	339,635	299,725	30,635	1,020
Spanish - Total responses	368,305	151,900	38,315	820
Spanish - Single responses	66,575	10,095	4,740	30
Spanish - Multiple responses	301,730	141,805	33,575	790
Swedish - Total responses	341,845	326,465	3,025	385
Swedish - Single responses	26,080	20,975	240	0
Swedish - Multiple responses	315,770	305,485	2,785	390
Hungarian - Total responses	316,765	231,690	6,530	390
Hungarian - Single responses	80,540	31,660	950	40
Hungarian - Multiple responses	236,220	200,030	5,585	350
Total income in 2010 of population aged 15 years and over^Footnote 92	27,259,520	15,519,440	5,936,850	46,775
Without income	1,341,020	762,930	237,365	2,970
With income	25,918,505	14,756,505	5,699,485	43,805
Under $5,000^Footnote 93	2,574,080	1,456,435	417,820	5,175
$5,000 to $9,999	1,917,965	1,058,835	425,540	3,755
$10,000 to $14,999	2,393,835	1,267,875	564,170	4,850
$15,000 to $19,999	2,441,875	1,245,040	597,775	4,670
$20,000 to $29,999	3,670,020	1,972,410	859,605	6,880
$30,000 to $39,999	3,180,360	1,738,535	809,630	5,485
$40,000 to $49,999	2,603,520	1,496,905	629,240	3,935
$50,000 to $59,999	1,921,650	1,149,980	441,615	2,485
$60,000 to $79,999	2,437,440	1,513,795	513,890	3,510
$80,000 to $99,999	1,302,045	859,065	218,115	1,460
$100,000 and over	1,475,720	997,625	222,085	1,595
$100,000 to $124,999	693,580	462,795	109,870	855
$125,000 and over	782,135	534,830	112,210	740
Median income $^Footnote 94	29,878	32,050	29,802	24,325
Average income $^Footnote 95	40,650	43,635	37,592	33,608
After-tax income in 2010 of population 15 years and over^Footnote 96	27,259,525	15,519,435	5,936,855	46,775
Without after-tax income	1,344,645	765,160	238,165	2,980
With after-tax income	25,914,880	14,754,280	5,698,695	43,795
Under $5,000^Footnote 97	2,628,615	1,488,670	432,205	5,235
$5,000 to $9,999	1,960,360	1,082,775	438,600	3,840
$10,000 to $14,999	2,453,170	1,304,515	574,395	5,020
$15,000 to $19,999	2,654,470	1,355,455	660,650	5,090
$20,000 to $29,999	4,341,540	2,314,775	1,076,730	8,190
$30,000 to $39,999	3,790,600	2,103,735	962,815	6,020
$40,000 to $49,999	2,816,630	1,661,355	649,385	3,990
$50,000 to $59,999	1,849,630	1,140,795	391,155	2,615
$60,000 to $79,999	2,028,075	1,341,520	329,765	2,355
$80,000 to $99,999	709,185	484,775	95,900	835
$100,000 and over	682,605	475,910	87,080	600
Median after-tax income $^Footnote 98	27,334	29,212	26,876	22,918
Average after-tax income $^Footnote 99	33,998	36,295	31,316	28,616
Total population aged 15 years and over by employment income statistics in 2010^Footnote 100	27,259,525	15,519,440	5,936,855	46,780
With employment income	18,820,315	11,115,790	4,056,215	29,500
Median employment income $^Footnote 101	31,603	32,945	30,674	25,174
Average employment income $^Footnote 102	41,795	43,911	38,031	34,288
With wages and salaries	17,442,670	10,322,080	3,796,220	27,620
Median wages and salaries $^Footnote 103	33,094	34,548	31,701	26,787
Average wages and salaries $^Footnote 104	42,445	44,645	38,095	34,691
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by work activity in 2010	17,990,080	10,541,390	3,850,570	28,210
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 105	9,602,415	5,708,530	2,040,840	13,670
All others^Footnote 106	8,387,670	4,832,860	1,809,730	14,540

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

Excludes National Household Survey data for one or more incompletely enumerated Indian reserves or Indian settlements.

Footnote 2

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

Footnote 3

Language groups are defined as follows: 'English' includes respondents who reported English only or English and one non-official language; 'French' includes respondents who reported French only or French and one non-official language; 'English and French' includes respondents who reported English and French, with or without one non-official language.

'Total' category includes all groups mentioned as well as respondents who reported a non-official language as their only mother tongue.

Footnote 4

The median age is an age 'x', such that exactly one half of the population is older than 'x' and the other half is younger than 'x'.

Footnote 5

Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows:
Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living.

Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person.

Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Footnote 6

Refers to the ability to conduct a conversation in English only, in French only, in both English and French, or in neither English nor French.

Footnote 7

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal languages spoken most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 8

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal most often spoken at home (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 9

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 10

Refers to languages, other than English or French, in which the respondent can conduct a conversation. The category 'Non-official languages spoken' represents the sum of single language responses and multiple language responses received in the NHS. Hence, this total is greater than the total population.

Footnote 11

Cree languages include the following categories: Cree not otherwise specified (which refers to those who reported 'Cree'), Swampy Cree, Plains Cree, Woods Cree, and a category labelled 'Cree not included elsewhere' (which includes Moose Cree, Northern East Cree and Southern East Cree).

Footnote 12

This is a subtotal of all Aboriginal languages collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 13

This is a subtotal of all non-Aboriginal languages, other than English or French, collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 14

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 15

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 16

Citizenship refers to the legal citizenship status of a person. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship.

Footnote 17

Includes persons who are stateless.

Footnote 18

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 19

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 20

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 21

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 22

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 23

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 24

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 25

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 26

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 27

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 28

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 29

Recent immigrants are immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 2006 and May 10, 2011.

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 30

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 31

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 32

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 33

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 34

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 35

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 36

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 37

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 38

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 39

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status. A landed immigrant/permanent resident refers to a person who has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities.

Footnote 40

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 41

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 42

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 43

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 44

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 45

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

Footnote 46

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 47

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 48

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 49

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 50

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 51

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 52

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 53

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 54

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.
'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 55

Refers to whether a person was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 56

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 57

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 58

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 59

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 60

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

Footnote 61

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 62

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 63

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 64

Refers to the main mode of transportation a respondent uses to travel between his or her home and his or her place of work.

Footnote 65

Population by language used most often at work.

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 66

Refers to the other language used regularly at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 67

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 68

'High school diploma or equivalent' refers to graduation from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 69

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas', 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 70

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 71

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

Footnote 72

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 73

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' was over-reported in the National Household Survey (NHS). This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' category with caution.

For any other comments on data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 74

'Earned doctorate.' This category refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 75

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant.

For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm.

For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 76

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

Footnote 77

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

Footnote 78

'Location of study' refers to the province, territory or country of the institution from which the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school level was completed.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Users should be aware that some respondents may have reported the physical location of study rather than the location of the certificate, diploma or degree-granting institution. This could affect the responses of those who obtained a certificate, diploma or degree through a joint program or by distance learning with credentials granted in another province or country. In particular, a number of persons reported a location of study for a university credential in one of the territories (Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut), even though there were no educational institutions in the territories with the authority to grant university degrees.

For any other comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 79

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 80

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

Footnote 81

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

Footnote 82

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

Footnote 83

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 84

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 85

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 86

The category 'Total population in private households by selected ethnic origin (single and multiple responses)' indicates the number of respondents who reported a specific ethnic origin, either as their only ethnic origin or in addition to one or more other ethnic origins. The sum of all total responses for all ethnic origins is greater than the total population estimate due to the reporting of multiple origins.

Footnote 87

A single ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides one ethnic origin only.

Footnote 88

A multiple ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides two or more ethnic origins.

Footnote 89

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 90

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 91

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 92

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, old age security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 93

Including loss.

Footnote 94

For population with income.

Footnote 95

For population with income.

Footnote 96

After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal, provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 97

Including loss.

Footnote 98

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 99

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 100

Earnings or employment income - Refers to total income received by persons aged 15 years and over during calendar year 2010 as wages and salaries, net income from a non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice, and/or net farm self-employment income.

Wages and salaries - Refers to gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income tax, pensions and Employment Insurance. Included in this source are military pay and allowances, tips, commissions and cash bonuses, benefits from wage-loss replacement plans or income-maintenance insurance plans, supplementary unemployment benefits from an employer or union as well as all types of casual earnings during calendar year 2010. Other employment income such as taxable benefits, research grants and royalties are included.

Net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice - Refers to net income (gross receipts minus expenses of operation such as wages, rents and depreciation) received during calendar year 2010 from the respondent's non-farm unincorporated business or professional practice. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share was reported. Also included is net income from persons babysitting in their own homes, persons providing room and board to non-relatives, self-employed fishers, hunters and trappers, operators of direct distributorships such as those selling and delivering cosmetics, as well as freelance activities of artists, writers, music teachers, hairdressers, dressmakers, etc.

Net farm income - Refers to net income (gross receipts from farm sales minus depreciation and cost of operation) received during calendar year 2010 from the operation of a farm, either on the respondent's own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share of income was reported. Included with gross receipts are cash advances received in 2010, dividends from cooperatives, rebates and farm-support payments to farmers from federal, provincial and regional agricultural programs (for example, milk subsidies and marketing board payments) and gross insurance proceeds such as payments from the AgriInvest and AgriStability programs. The value of income 'in kind,' such as agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm, is excluded.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution, ranked by size of income, into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the unrounded number of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) with income in that group.

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics for earnings.

Footnote 101

For population with employment income.

Footnote 102

For population with employment income.

Footnote 103

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 104

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 105

Worked 49 to 52 weeks mostly full time (30 hours or more per week).

Footnote 106

Includes persons who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2010 only, persons who worked in 2011 only and persons who worked mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week) or in 48 weeks or less in 2010.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 99-010-X2011048.