Tabulation: Selected Demographic, Sociocultural, Income and Labour Characteristics (334) and Low-income Geographic Concentration in 2010 (6) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Census Metropolitan Areas and Tracted Census Agglomerations, 2011 National Household Survey

This table details selected demographic, sociocultural, income and labour characteristics and low-income geographic concentration in 2010 for the population in private households in Canada^{Footnote 1}
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 2} = 26.1 %

Selected demographic, sociocultural, income and labour characteristics (334)	Low-income geographic concentration in 2010 (6)
	Total - Low-income geographic concentration in 2010^Footnote 3	Applicable census tracts^Footnote 4	Prevalence of low income less than 30% in census tract	Prevalence of low income 30% or more in census tract	Prevalence of low income 40% or more in census tract	Outside applicable census tracts^Footnote 5
Number of census tracts^Footnote 6	5,452	5,256	4,778	478	137	196
Total - Sex and age groups^Footnote 7	32,852,320	23,725,440	21,957,755	1,767,685	487,015	9,126,885
Less than 15 years	5,592,800	4,032,015	3,757,855	274,160	84,470	1,560,785
15 to 24 years	4,324,065	3,208,285	2,943,735	264,555	78,630	1,115,785
25 to 54 years	14,044,945	10,458,875	9,641,175	817,700	219,930	3,586,065
25 to 34 years	4,293,950	3,307,390	2,980,475	326,915	87,580	986,560
35 to 44 years	4,461,430	3,366,585	3,119,165	247,420	67,420	1,094,845
45 to 54 years	5,289,560	3,784,900	3,541,535	243,365	64,930	1,504,660
55 to 64 years	4,338,980	2,956,270	2,766,005	190,260	48,925	1,382,715
65 years and over	4,551,535	3,069,990	2,848,985	221,005	55,060	1,481,545
65 to 74 years	2,624,535	1,746,120	1,628,495	117,625	30,055	878,410
75 years and over	1,927,000	1,323,870	1,220,490	103,380	25,000	603,130
Male	16,163,115	11,608,560	10,739,620	868,940	242,345	4,554,555
Less than 15 years	2,867,760	2,065,850	1,924,935	140,910	43,980	801,910
15 to 24 years	2,227,065	1,643,080	1,510,510	132,565	40,085	583,985
25 to 54 years	6,869,435	5,099,320	4,688,015	411,310	110,655	1,770,110
25 to 34 years	2,108,255	1,618,950	1,457,625	161,320	42,580	489,305
35 to 44 years	2,170,585	1,634,600	1,508,515	126,085	34,735	535,985
45 to 54 years	2,590,595	1,845,775	1,721,870	123,900	33,340	744,820
55 to 64 years	2,114,950	1,424,820	1,332,470	92,350	24,470	690,140
65 years and over	2,083,900	1,375,490	1,283,690	91,805	23,150	708,410
65 to 74 years	1,259,465	821,820	768,725	53,100	13,845	437,645
75 years and over	824,435	553,670	514,965	38,705	9,305	270,765
Female	16,689,210	12,116,875	11,218,130	898,745	244,670	4,572,330
Less than 15 years	2,725,040	1,966,165	1,832,915	133,250	40,485	758,870
15 to 24 years	2,097,000	1,565,210	1,433,220	131,985	38,550	531,795
25 to 54 years	7,175,505	5,359,550	4,953,160	406,390	109,275	1,815,955
25 to 34 years	2,185,695	1,688,440	1,522,845	165,595	45,005	497,255
35 to 44 years	2,290,850	1,731,990	1,610,655	121,335	32,680	558,860
45 to 54 years	2,698,965	1,939,125	1,819,665	119,460	31,585	759,845
55 to 64 years	2,224,030	1,531,450	1,433,535	97,915	24,455	692,575
65 years and over	2,467,635	1,694,500	1,565,300	129,205	31,905	773,135
65 to 74 years	1,365,070	924,305	859,775	64,530	16,215	440,770
75 years and over	1,102,565	770,195	705,525	64,675	15,695	332,365
Population in private households by marital status^Footnote 8	32,852,325	23,725,435	21,957,755	1,767,685	487,015	9,126,885
Married or living with a common-law partner	16,005,320	11,299,530	10,650,715	648,815	165,305	4,705,795
Married (and not separated)	12,878,850	9,239,780	8,756,860	482,915	127,205	3,639,075
Living common law	3,126,475	2,059,755	1,893,850	165,900	38,105	1,066,720
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	16,847,000	12,425,910	11,307,045	1,118,865	321,710	4,421,090
Single (never legally married)	13,189,485	9,807,775	8,947,580	860,195	251,360	3,381,705
Separated	662,580	483,885	435,600	48,285	13,770	178,695
Divorced	1,647,790	1,217,115	1,085,125	131,985	36,210	430,675
Widowed	1,347,145	917,135	838,740	78,400	20,370	430,010
Persons in economic families by family structure and presence and age of children^Footnote 9	27,948,790	20,100,370	18,842,595	1,257,775	344,345	7,848,420
Couple family	23,795,520	17,018,200	16,090,775	927,425	245,405	6,777,315
Couple only	6,939,100	4,530,350	4,241,145	289,205	66,785	2,408,750
Couple with children	16,550,180	12,267,930	11,643,465	624,470	175,720	4,282,250
With children under 18 years	12,646,795	9,279,325	8,783,640	495,685	144,865	3,367,470
Without children under 6 years	6,867,105	5,036,135	4,818,300	217,835	61,555	1,830,970
With children under 6 years	5,779,690	4,243,190	3,965,340	277,855	83,310	1,536,500
Couple with other relatives only	306,240	219,915	206,165	13,755	2,900	86,325
Lone-parent family	3,524,510	2,606,755	2,325,350	281,410	84,645	917,750
Female-parent family	2,834,695	2,119,655	1,876,125	243,525	73,795	715,040
Female-parent family with no other relatives	2,660,525	1,988,780	1,759,460	229,325	69,465	671,740
With children under 18 years	1,708,745	1,244,220	1,087,690	156,525	49,490	464,530
Without children under 6 years	1,159,475	858,165	765,680	92,485	28,090	301,315
With children under 6 years	549,270	386,050	322,010	64,040	21,395	163,215
Male-parent family	689,810	487,105	449,225	37,880	10,845	202,710
Male-parent family with no other relatives	646,335	454,640	419,455	35,185	10,045	191,695
With children under 18 years	364,365	248,360	229,815	18,545	5,420	116,000
Without children under 6 years	294,445	203,400	189,395	14,005	4,170	91,045
With children under 6 years	69,920	44,960	40,420	4,545	1,250	24,960
Other economic family^Footnote 10	628,770	475,415	426,470	48,940	14,295	153,355
Persons not in economic families aged 15 years and over^Footnote 11	4,903,505	3,625,040	3,115,130	509,910	142,670	1,278,465
Less than 65 years	3,588,725	2,743,505	2,335,415	408,095	115,585	845,220
65 years and over	1,314,780	881,535	779,715	101,815	27,085	433,240
Total - Income status based on after-tax low-income measure^Footnote 12	32,852,325	23,725,435	21,957,750	1,767,685	487,015	9,126,885
Population for the income status based on after-tax low-income measure	32,386,170	23,725,440	21,957,750	1,767,685	487,015	8,660,730
Low-income population	4,812,120	3,473,975	2,817,750	656,230	225,375	1,338,145
Prevalence of low income %	14.9	14.6	12.8	37.1	46.3	15.5
Low-income concentration ratio %^Footnote 13	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	18.9	6.5	not applicable ...
Other population	27,574,050	20,251,465	19,140,010	1,111,460	261,635	7,322,585
Concept not applicable^Footnote 14	466,155	0	0	0	0	466,150
Total population in private households by citizenship^Footnote 15	32,852,325	23,725,435	21,957,755	1,767,685	487,015	9,126,885
Canadian citizens	30,895,305	21,937,675	20,465,705	1,471,970	388,315	8,957,630
Canadian citizens aged under 18	6,576,425	4,671,670	4,393,635	278,035	83,755	1,904,755
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	24,318,885	17,266,010	16,072,075	1,193,935	304,565	7,052,875
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 16	1,957,015	1,787,760	1,492,050	295,710	98,700	169,255
Total population in private households by immigrant status and period of immigration^Footnote 17	32,852,320	23,725,435	21,957,755	1,767,680	487,015	9,126,885
Non-immigrants^Footnote 18	25,720,175	17,167,140	16,117,300	1,049,840	267,555	8,553,035
Immigrants^Footnote 19	6,775,770	6,237,020	5,589,780	647,240	193,285	538,750
Before 1971	1,261,060	1,058,855	997,745	61,115	14,940	202,200
1971 to 1980	870,775	787,240	734,025	53,215	14,445	83,535
1981 to 1990	949,890	892,725	816,070	76,655	21,345	57,165
1991 to 2000	1,539,055	1,472,725	1,322,365	150,355	45,120	66,325
2001 to 2011^Footnote 20	2,154,990	2,025,465	1,719,570	305,900	97,435	129,525
2001 to 2005	992,070	942,655	828,325	114,330	34,195	49,415
2006 to 2011^Footnote 21	1,162,915	1,082,810	891,240	191,575	63,240	80,105
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 22	356,380	321,285	250,680	70,605	26,180	35,100
Total immigrant population in private households by age at immigration^Footnote 23	6,775,770	6,237,015	5,589,775	647,240	193,280	538,750
Under 5 years	671,795	590,215	536,810	53,400	15,730	81,580
5 to 14 years	1,186,050	1,072,600	971,125	101,475	29,545	113,450
15 to 24 years	1,540,435	1,413,715	1,279,905	133,810	40,975	126,720
25 to 44 years	2,767,110	2,581,355	2,290,995	290,355	86,635	185,755
45 years and over	610,385	579,130	510,935	68,200	20,395	31,250
Total population in private households by immigrant status and selected places of birth^Footnote 24	32,852,325	23,725,440	21,957,755	1,767,685	487,015	9,126,885
Non-immigrants^Footnote 25	25,720,175	17,167,135	16,117,300	1,049,840	267,555	8,553,035
Born in province of residence	21,853,875	14,520,960	13,600,260	920,695	236,305	7,332,910
Born outside province of residence	3,866,305	2,646,180	2,517,035	129,145	31,250	1,220,125
Immigrants^Footnote 26	6,775,770	6,237,015	5,589,780	647,240	193,280	538,750
Americas	1,060,230	935,280	823,170	112,110	34,115	124,955
United States	263,470	195,745	182,315	13,430	4,195	67,725
Jamaica	126,035	123,150	112,000	11,145	3,275	2,885
Guyana	87,945	86,530	78,320	8,210	2,485	1,415
Haiti	80,095	78,735	55,755	22,980	7,425	1,360
Mexico	69,690	44,240	37,005	7,240	2,610	25,450
Trinidad and Tobago	67,210	65,225	60,045	5,175	1,380	1,980
Colombia	60,550	56,465	47,895	8,570	2,330	4,090
El Salvador	43,655	41,180	35,450	5,725	1,705	2,475
Peru	26,715	25,870	22,280	3,590	910	850
Chile	25,200	23,725	21,035	2,690	660	1,470
Other places of birth in Americas	209,665	194,410	171,065	23,345	7,145	15,250
Europe	2,127,785	1,827,770	1,705,530	122,240	30,140	300,015
United Kingdom^Footnote 27	537,040	419,345	405,375	13,970	2,975	117,690
Italy	256,825	244,685	228,250	16,435	2,595	12,145
Germany	152,345	111,275	106,205	5,070	1,320	41,070
Poland	152,290	142,370	133,780	8,590	1,690	9,920
Portugal	138,520	129,410	122,705	6,705	1,275	9,110
Netherlands	98,510	62,000	60,170	1,830	315	36,510
France	90,440	78,310	67,190	11,115	3,020	12,135
Romania	82,595	79,065	71,545	7,520	2,285	3,530
Russian Federation	73,030	68,275	60,755	7,520	1,800	4,750
Greece	66,475	64,290	56,710	7,585	4,145	2,185
Ukraine	65,455	61,785	56,415	5,365	1,200	3,670
Croatia	40,015	37,630	35,815	1,815	460	2,380
Hungary	38,985	34,635	31,095	3,540	775	4,355
Bosnia and Herzegovina	35,890	34,795	31,345	3,445	580	1,090
Serbia	32,605	30,850	28,385	2,470	610	1,750
Ireland, Republic of	28,040	23,545	22,705	835	125	4,495
Other places of birth in Europe	238,740	205,510	187,080	18,430	4,960	33,230
Africa	492,025	471,065	382,760	88,305	30,755	20,960
Morocco	56,280	54,950	38,550	16,400	5,430	1,330
Algeria	51,085	50,130	35,750	14,385	3,880	955
Egypt	49,930	48,745	44,360	4,380	1,465	1,185
South Africa, Republic of	40,555	34,845	33,570	1,280	220	5,705
Nigeria	27,625	26,370	23,490	2,880	665	1,250
Ethiopia	24,540	23,250	18,225	5,025	2,290	1,285
Kenya	24,515	23,605	21,985	1,625	425	905
Other places of birth in Africa	217,505	209,165	166,835	42,330	16,375	8,340
Asia	3,041,100	2,955,570	2,632,265	323,300	98,090	85,530
India	547,890	533,815	507,155	26,660	7,100	14,075
China^Footnote 28	545,535	532,470	464,435	68,035	16,625	13,065
Philippines	454,340	432,465	383,730	48,740	16,755	21,870
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	205,430	203,605	188,260	15,355	2,615	1,820
Viet Nam^Footnote 29	165,125	161,200	143,285	17,920	5,240	3,925
Pakistan	156,865	153,265	135,140	18,120	6,980	3,600
Sri Lanka	132,130	130,820	113,490	17,330	6,890	1,315
Iran^Footnote 30	120,685	118,490	105,980	12,510	3,445	2,195
Korea, South^Footnote 31	112,395	107,525	96,605	10,920	1,915	4,875
Lebanon	81,105	78,415	66,020	12,390	5,125	2,695
Taiwan	66,455	65,425	56,615	8,815	1,520	1,030
Iraq	49,520	48,610	41,245	7,370	2,465	905
Bangladesh	45,325	44,605	28,885	15,720	7,015	715
Afghanistan	40,940	40,640	33,480	7,165	2,595	300
Japan	25,805	23,655	21,660	1,995	390	2,150
Turkey	25,275	24,650	20,690	3,960	1,260	625
Other places of birth in Asia	266,285	255,915	225,605	30,310	10,150	10,370
Oceania and other^Footnote 32	54,625	47,325	46,050	1,280	185	7,295
Fiji	24,290	23,780	23,385	395	50	510
Other places of birth^Footnote 33	30,335	23,555	22,665	890	135	6,780
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 34	356,385	321,285	250,680	70,605	26,175	35,100
Total population in private households by generation status^Footnote 35	32,852,325	23,725,440	21,957,755	1,767,685	487,015	9,126,885
First generation^Footnote 36	7,217,300	6,625,490	5,903,110	722,380	220,695	591,810
Second generation^Footnote 37	5,702,725	4,751,655	4,435,020	316,635	89,405	951,070
Third generation or more^Footnote 38	19,932,300	12,348,290	11,619,625	728,665	176,915	7,584,010
Total population in private households by visible minority^Footnote 39	32,852,325	23,725,440	21,957,755	1,767,685	487,015	9,126,885
Total visible minority population^Footnote 40	6,264,750	6,042,080	5,320,205	721,870	231,260	222,675
South Asian^Footnote 41	1,567,405	1,528,425	1,402,230	126,190	45,675	38,975
Chinese	1,324,750	1,293,815	1,159,620	134,195	30,840	30,930
Black	945,665	903,875	745,570	158,310	57,095	41,790
Filipino	619,310	583,785	523,610	60,180	21,330	35,530
Latin American	381,280	360,825	305,935	54,890	16,790	20,455
Arab	380,620	369,420	295,705	73,720	26,600	11,195
Southeast Asian^Footnote 42	312,075	298,840	259,445	39,395	12,850	13,235
West Asian^Footnote 43	206,845	203,665	176,750	26,920	8,870	3,175
Korean	161,130	153,835	136,955	16,880	3,580	7,290
Japanese	87,265	77,820	72,410	5,405	835	9,450
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 44	106,475	101,795	90,980	10,815	2,590	4,680
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 45	171,935	165,975	150,985	14,985	4,200	5,965
Not a visible minority^Footnote 46	26,587,575	17,683,360	16,637,545	1,045,815	255,755	8,904,210
Total population in private households by Aboriginal identity	32,852,325	23,725,440	21,957,755	1,767,685	487,010	9,126,885
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 47	1,400,685	558,435	498,650	59,785	18,780	842,250
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^Footnote 48	851,560	291,505	252,860	38,640	11,915	560,060
Métis single identity	451,795	237,795	219,135	18,655	6,045	214,005
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	59,440	7,550	6,945	605	245	51,890
Multiple Aboriginal identities^Footnote 49	11,420	6,580	5,725	855	200	4,835
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^Footnote 50	26,475	15,010	13,990	1,020	385	11,470
Non-Aboriginal identity	31,451,640	23,167,005	21,459,100	1,707,900	468,230	8,284,630
Total population in private households by Registered or Treaty Indian status^Footnote 51	32,852,325	23,725,435	21,957,755	1,767,685	487,015	9,126,885
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 52	697,510	200,805	170,480	30,320	10,080	496,700
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	32,154,815	23,524,630	21,787,275	1,737,360	476,935	8,630,185
Total population in private households by Aboriginal ancestry^Footnote 53	32,852,320	23,725,435	21,957,755	1,767,685	487,015	9,126,885
Aboriginal ancestry^Footnote 54	1,836,035	853,400	769,405	83,995	24,305	982,640
First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry^Footnote 55	1,369,115	617,325	549,520	67,805	18,990	751,790
Métis ancestry	447,650	246,540	229,005	17,535	5,870	201,115
Inuit ancestry	72,615	13,715	12,785	925	245	58,900
Non-Aboriginal ancestry only^Footnote 56	31,016,290	22,872,040	21,188,355	1,683,690	462,715	8,144,250
Total - Mother tongue^Footnote 57	32,852,325	23,725,435	21,957,755	1,767,685	487,015	9,126,885
English	18,850,405	12,858,305	12,237,835	620,475	160,665	5,992,095
French	6,967,460	4,522,900	4,080,605	442,295	108,990	2,444,555
Non-official language	6,551,515	5,910,005	5,250,725	659,280	202,880	641,515
Aboriginal	193,855	13,030	9,780	3,250	1,200	180,825
Non-Aboriginal	6,357,660	5,896,975	5,240,945	656,030	201,680	460,685
English and French	57,820	40,715	36,355	4,355	1,395	17,105
English and non-official language	353,530	325,510	299,750	25,765	8,025	28,015
French and non-official language	65,315	62,125	47,585	14,540	4,615	3,195
English, French and non-official language	6,280	5,870	4,895	975	435	405
Total - First official language spoken^Footnote 58	32,852,320	23,725,435	21,957,755	1,767,685	487,010	9,126,880
English	24,545,120	17,932,940	16,869,240	1,063,700	290,685	6,612,180
French	7,419,190	4,952,145	4,388,625	563,520	147,495	2,467,045
English and French	347,760	330,375	258,090	72,290	27,620	17,380
Neither English nor French	540,255	509,975	441,805	68,170	21,215	30,280
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago^Footnote 59	32,485,220	23,460,105	21,715,480	1,744,620	479,980	9,025,110
Non-movers	28,443,525	20,399,190	19,002,930	1,396,265	377,860	8,044,335
Movers	4,041,690	3,060,915	2,712,555	348,355	102,120	980,780
Non-migrants	2,380,370	1,887,125	1,660,285	226,840	66,450	493,245
Migrants	1,661,320	1,173,790	1,052,275	121,515	35,670	487,530
Internal migrants	1,359,105	898,010	829,215	68,800	17,030	461,095
Intraprovincial migrants	1,116,780	736,615	683,450	53,170	12,635	380,165
Interprovincial migrants	242,325	161,395	145,765	15,630	4,390	80,925
External migrants	302,215	275,775	223,055	52,720	18,640	26,440
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago^Footnote 60	30,978,630	22,366,810	20,705,550	1,661,255	454,520	8,611,825
Non-movers	19,010,730	13,260,725	12,501,665	759,055	199,875	5,750,005
Movers	11,967,900	9,106,085	8,203,885	902,200	254,645	2,861,820
Non-migrants	6,467,760	5,144,475	4,635,130	509,345	141,360	1,323,285
Migrants	5,500,140	3,961,610	3,568,755	392,855	113,280	1,538,530
Internal migrants	4,297,730	2,862,635	2,668,260	194,370	45,890	1,435,100
Intraprovincial migrants	3,442,070	2,296,345	2,147,780	148,565	33,660	1,145,720
Interprovincial migrants	855,670	566,285	520,480	45,810	12,235	289,380
External migrants	1,202,405	1,098,975	900,490	198,485	67,390	103,430
Total population aged 15 years and over by highest certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 61	27,259,520	19,693,420	18,199,900	1,493,525	402,545	7,566,105
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,485,395	3,444,730	3,107,055	337,670	99,220	2,040,670
High school diploma or equivalent^Footnote 62	6,968,935	5,010,475	4,641,655	368,815	102,225	1,958,465
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 63	14,805,190	11,238,220	10,451,185	787,040	201,095	3,566,975
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^Footnote 64	2,950,685	1,850,455	1,717,815	132,635	32,190	1,100,230
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	4,970,020	3,589,145	3,368,270	220,880	55,350	1,380,875
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^Footnote 65	1,200,130	962,425	890,820	71,600	18,785	237,700
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	5,684,355	4,836,195	4,474,280	361,920	94,775	848,160
Bachelor's degree	3,634,425	3,056,420	2,837,075	219,345	55,600	578,005
University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level^Footnote 66	2,049,935	1,779,775	1,637,200	142,570	39,175	270,155
Total population aged 25 to 64 years by highest certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 67	18,383,920	13,415,145	12,407,180	1,007,965	268,855	4,968,775
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,330,580	1,395,415	1,230,000	165,420	51,545	935,165
High school diploma or equivalent^Footnote 68	4,270,665	3,004,795	2,786,095	218,695	59,740	1,265,865
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 69	11,782,680	9,014,935	8,391,085	623,855	157,565	2,767,745
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^Footnote 70	2,218,800	1,383,385	1,282,700	100,685	24,315	835,415
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	3,913,710	2,827,815	2,662,285	165,530	40,790	1,085,890
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^Footnote 71	894,750	728,430	674,380	54,045	14,025	166,320
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	4,755,420	4,075,300	3,771,715	303,585	78,435	680,115
Bachelor's degree	3,032,225	2,562,795	2,384,150	178,645	43,990	469,430
University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level^Footnote 72	1,723,200	1,512,505	1,387,565	124,945	34,450	210,690
Total population aged 15 years and over by major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011^Footnote 73	27,259,525	19,693,420	18,199,900	1,493,525	402,550	7,566,100
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 74	12,454,330	8,455,200	7,748,715	706,485	201,450	3,999,135
Education	1,109,460	782,145	741,820	40,325	9,320	327,310
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	548,630	463,440	416,075	47,365	10,935	85,190
Humanities	821,595	684,785	627,350	57,435	15,295	136,810
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,497,755	1,251,130	1,152,775	98,355	26,350	246,620
Business, management and public administration	3,187,570	2,513,000	2,347,330	165,675	41,215	674,570
Physical and life sciences and technologies	554,680	472,880	434,140	38,740	11,200	81,800
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	601,705	525,125	481,545	43,575	11,580	76,580
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,193,975	2,266,685	2,122,905	143,775	36,100	927,290
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	326,230	174,185	163,200	10,980	3,115	152,045
Health and related fields^Footnote 75	2,060,605	1,506,125	1,407,090	99,035	25,600	554,475
Personal, protective and transportation services	900,005	596,665	555,095	41,575	10,345	303,335
Other fields of study^Footnote 76	2,995	2,060	1,860	200	50	935
Total population aged 15 years and over by location of study compared with province or territory of residence^Footnote 77	27,259,525	19,693,420	18,199,900	1,493,520	402,545	7,566,100
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,454,330	8,455,200	7,748,715	706,485	201,445	3,999,130
With postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	14,805,190	11,238,225	10,451,185	787,040	201,095	3,566,970
Location of study inside Canada	12,404,670	9,051,265	8,500,035	551,225	131,630	3,353,410
Same as province or territory of residence	10,920,860	8,009,060	7,506,315	502,745	120,890	2,911,805
Another province or territory	1,483,810	1,042,205	993,720	48,480	10,740	441,610
Location of study outside Canada	2,400,520	2,186,955	1,951,150	235,810	69,465	213,560
Total population aged 15 years and over by labour force status^Footnote 78	27,259,525	19,693,420	18,199,895	1,493,520	402,545	7,566,100
In the labour force	17,990,080	13,239,485	12,354,415	885,070	222,695	4,750,590
Employed	16,595,030	12,260,940	11,483,790	777,160	190,090	4,334,090
Unemployed	1,395,050	978,545	870,630	107,915	32,605	416,505
Not in the labour force	9,269,445	6,453,930	5,845,480	608,450	179,855	2,815,510
Participation rate	66.0	67.2	67.9	59.3	55.3	62.8
Employment rate	60.9	62.3	63.1	52.0	47.2	57.3
Unemployment rate	7.8	7.4	7.0	12.2	14.6	8.8
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by class of worker^Footnote 79	27,259,525	19,693,420	18,199,900	1,493,520	402,545	7,566,100
Class of worker - not applicable^Footnote 80	8,126,215	5,683,765	5,113,420	570,345	171,800	2,442,450
All classes of worker^Footnote 81	19,133,310	14,009,660	13,086,475	923,180	230,750	5,123,650
Employee	17,036,905	12,578,820	11,731,950	846,870	212,500	4,458,090
Self-employed^Footnote 82	2,096,400	1,430,835	1,354,525	76,310	18,245	665,565
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity in 2010^Footnote 83	27,259,525	19,693,425	18,199,900	1,493,525	402,545	7,566,105
Did not work in 2010^Footnote 84	8,738,175	6,136,660	5,522,205	614,465	184,830	2,601,505
Worked in 2010	18,521,355	13,556,760	12,677,700	879,060	217,720	4,964,595
1 to 13 weeks	1,361,560	960,570	886,950	73,620	20,470	400,990
14 to 26 weeks	1,741,315	1,186,500	1,091,640	94,860	25,785	554,810
27 to 39 weeks	1,251,035	879,875	807,550	72,325	19,655	371,155
40 to 48 weeks	2,895,165	2,170,975	2,018,075	152,900	38,210	724,185
49 to 52 weeks	11,272,285	8,358,835	7,873,480	485,350	113,600	2,913,455
Average weeks worked in 2010	43.1	43.5	43.6	41.8	40.8	42.1
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by full-time or part-time weeks worked in 2010^Footnote 85	27,259,525	19,693,420	18,199,900	1,493,525	402,545	7,566,100
Did not work in 2010^Footnote 86	8,738,175	6,136,665	5,522,200	614,460	184,830	2,601,510
Worked in 2010	18,521,350	13,556,760	12,677,700	879,060	217,720	4,964,595
Worked full-time in 2010	14,432,455	10,579,680	9,911,565	668,110	160,320	3,852,775
Worked part-time in 2010	4,088,895	2,977,080	2,766,130	210,945	57,400	1,111,815
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011^Footnote 87	27,259,525	19,693,420	18,199,900	1,493,525	402,545	7,566,100
Occupation - not applicable^Footnote 88	8,126,220	5,683,760	5,113,415	570,340	171,800	2,442,455
All occupations^Footnote 89	19,133,310	14,009,655	13,086,480	923,180	230,745	5,123,650
0 Management occupations	2,056,205	1,499,440	1,430,870	68,570	15,780	556,765
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	3,143,885	2,479,285	2,336,295	142,985	31,470	664,605
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,306,595	1,087,400	1,019,880	67,520	15,780	219,195
3 Health occupations	1,175,800	860,775	806,270	54,505	12,830	315,025
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,249,270	1,691,210	1,580,055	111,155	29,645	558,060
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	591,350	485,240	446,030	39,215	9,100	106,105
6 Sales and service occupations	4,560,915	3,400,035	3,117,570	282,465	76,170	1,160,880
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,717,620	1,747,840	1,648,030	99,805	23,960	969,780
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	460,945	184,375	175,805	8,575	2,280	276,565
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	870,730	574,055	525,685	48,375	13,735	296,670
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007^Footnote 90	27,259,525	19,693,420	18,199,900	1,493,520	402,545	7,566,105
Industry - not applicable^Footnote 91	8,126,220	5,683,760	5,113,420	570,340	171,800	2,442,455
All industries^Footnote 92	19,133,305	14,009,660	13,086,480	923,180	230,745	5,123,650
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	485,495	120,935	116,245	4,690	1,330	364,560
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	276,345	120,850	118,760	2,095	555	155,490
22 Utilities	158,935	106,195	102,635	3,560	585	52,740
23 Construction	1,309,595	878,620	836,160	42,455	9,250	430,980
31-33 Manufacturing	1,722,465	1,221,170	1,141,060	80,110	21,215	501,295
41 Wholesale trade	776,805	630,430	596,160	34,270	7,940	146,380
44-45 Retail trade	2,244,475	1,635,305	1,521,355	113,950	28,705	609,170
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	884,070	645,650	608,070	37,575	9,160	238,420
51 Information and cultural industries	450,115	387,655	357,340	30,315	6,280	62,460
52 Finance and insurance	811,985	687,950	648,470	39,480	8,615	124,030
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	349,600	282,940	263,925	19,020	4,620	66,655
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,339,010	1,142,845	1,069,335	73,505	17,565	196,165
55 Management of companies and enterprises	19,075	15,290	14,320	975	280	3,780
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	812,155	631,595	570,255	61,340	16,995	180,560
61 Educational services	1,432,165	1,087,580	1,016,620	70,960	19,255	344,580
62 Health care and social assistance	2,089,385	1,506,215	1,402,955	103,255	25,515	583,175
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	436,280	324,290	300,485	23,805	6,230	111,990
72 Accommodation and food services	1,289,260	950,365	859,365	91,005	25,225	338,895
81 Other services (except public administration)	882,270	641,215	595,410	45,805	11,895	241,055
91 Public administration	1,363,830	992,565	947,565	45,000	9,535	371,265

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

Excludes National Household Survey data for one or more incompletely enumerated Indian reserves or Indian settlements.

Footnote 2

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

Footnote 3

Low-income concentration - For this analysis, the population in census tracts is classified based on their place of residence between 'applicable census tracts' and 'outside applicable census tracts.' A census tract is not applicable if all its population is excluded from the low-income concept.

Footnote 4

Census tract - Area that is small and relatively stable. Census tracts usually have a population between 2,500 and 8,000 persons. They are located in census metropolitan areas and in census agglomerations that have a core population of 50,000 or more.

This includes census tracts where the low-income concepts were applicable for the whole population and the applicable parts of census tracts where the concepts are partly applicable. The population in scope for low- income measurement excludes residents of certain census subdivisions (CSDs). Where the census tract overlaps two CSDs with different types, the low-income concept may only be applicable to part of the full census tract population. In this analysis, the population living in the applicable part of the CT is included with the applicable census tracts. The census tract itself is counted only once under 'applicable census tracts' even if part of the population is counted under 'outside applicable census tracts.'

Footnote 5

Includes areas outside census tracts and census tracts where low-income concepts were not considered applicable for the whole census tract based on the census subdivision type(s). It also includes the population in the non-applicable part of a census tract when the census tract is partly applicable.

Footnote 6

Census tract - Area that is small and relatively stable. Census tracts usually have a population between 2,500 and 8,000 persons. They are located in census metropolitan areas and in census agglomerations that have a core population of 50,000 or more.

The population in scope for low income measurement excludes residents of certain census subdivisions (CSDs). Where the census tract overlaps two CSDs with different types, the low-income concept may only be applicable to part of the full census tract population. Partly applicable census tracts are counted only once as 'applicable census tracts' even though the population outside the applicable part would be counted under 'outside applicable census tracts.'

Footnote 7

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 8

Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows:
Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living.

Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person.

Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Footnote 9

Economic family structure - Refers to the classification of economic families as couple families, lone-parent families or other economic families.

Couple families - Those in which a member of either a married or common-law couple is the economic family reference person.

Lone-parent families - Those in which either a male or female lone parent is the economic family reference person.

Other economic families - Those in which the economic family reference person has other relatives but does not have a married spouse or common-law partner or a child in their census family.

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 10

This category includes economic families where the reference person does not have a spouse or partner, nor a child in the family, only other relatives.

Footnote 11

Economic family status - Refers to the classification of the population according to whether or not the persons are members of an economic family.

Economic family persons refer to two or more household members who are related to each other by blood, marriage, common-law, adoption or a foster relationship, and thereby constitute an economic family.

Persons not in economic families refer to household members who do not belong to an economic family, including persons living alone.

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 12

Low income can be measured in several different ways in household surveys. For the standard products of the National Household Survey, the line chosen is a relative measure: the after-tax low-income measure (LIM-AT).

For this measure, the income used is after-tax income of households. There are no regional variations to account for prices or cost of living differences: all applicable households in Canada face the same line adjusted for household size. The is set at half the median of adjusted household after-tax income. To account for economies of scale, the income of households with more than one member is divided by the square root of the size of the household. All household members are considered to share the household income and are attributed the same income status.

Note: Low-income estimates in the 2011 National Household Survey

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS), low-income statistics are presented based on the after-tax low-income measure (LIM-AT). This measure is not related to the low-income cut-offs (LICO) presented in the 2006 Census and prevalence rates are conceptually not comparable. Because of the sensitivity of certain income indicators to differences in methodology and response patterns, direct comparisons to establish trends with low-income estimates from other household surveys, administrative programs or the 2006 Census are discouraged. The prevalence rates observed in the NHS at the national level are generally 1 to 2 percentage points higher than seen for similar concepts in other programs. However, analysis of the NHS data suggests that it is valid to compare low-income data for different sub-populations within the NHS (i.e., for different geographic areas or demographic groups). For more information, refer to the Income Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-014-X2011006.

Footnote 13

Low-income concentration ratio - Low-income population expressed as share of the total low-income population in 'applicable census tracts.'

Footnote 14

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income rates more difficult.

Footnote 15

Citizenship refers to the legal citizenship status of a person. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship.

Footnote 16

Includes persons who are stateless.

Footnote 17

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status. A landed immigrant/permanent resident refers to a person who has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities.

Footnote 18

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 19

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 20

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 21

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 22

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 23

Age at immigration refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant/permanent resident status. Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities.

Footnote 24

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 25

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 26

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 27

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 28

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 29

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 30

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 31

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 32

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 33

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 34

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 35

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

Footnote 36

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 37

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 38

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 39

Visible minority
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups:  South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

Footnote 40

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 41

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

Footnote 42

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

Footnote 43

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

Footnote 44

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 45

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 46

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 47

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 48

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 49

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 50

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 51

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 52

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian. 'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 53

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ancestries in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ancestry (ethnic origin) in the NHS.

Footnote 54

'Aboriginal ancestry' includes persons who reported one or more than one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17, either with or without also reporting a non-Aboriginal ancestry. The sum of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry,' 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' is thus greater than the sum of the total for 'Aboriginal ancestry' because persons who reported more than one Aboriginal ancestry are included in the response category for each Aboriginal ancestry they reported. All respondents with Aboriginal ancestry are counted in at least one of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry,' 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' and also in the category 'Aboriginal ancestry.'

Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the respondent's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Footnote 55

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 56

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry only' includes persons who did not report First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17.

Footnote 57

Refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the individual on May 10, 2011.

Footnote 58

First official language spoken
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to a variable specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act.

Footnote 59

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 60

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 61

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 62

'High school diploma or equivalent' includes persons who have graduated from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 63

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 64

'Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma' includes Registered Apprenticeship certificates (including Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation) and other trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

Footnote 65

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' was over-reported in the NHS. This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' category with caution.

Footnote 66

'University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level' includes the categories 'University certificate or diploma above bachelor level,' 'Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry,' 'Master's degree' and 'Earned doctorate.'

Footnote 67

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 68

'High school diploma or equivalent' includes persons who have graduated from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 69

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 70

'Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma' includes Registered Apprenticeship certificates (including Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation) and other trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

Footnote 71

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' was over-reported in the NHS. This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' category with caution.

Footnote 72

'University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level' includes the categories 'University certificate or diploma above bachelor level,' 'Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry,' 'Master's degree' and 'Earned doctorate.'

Footnote 73

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant.



For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm.



For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 74

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed a registered apprenticeship certificate (including Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation) or other trades certificate or diploma, a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma, or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 75

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

Footnote 76

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

Footnote 77

'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence' indicates whether the 'Location of study' is the same as the province or territory of residence in 2011, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. 'Location of study' refers to the province, territory or country of the institution where the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school level was completed.

Users should be aware that some respondents may have reported the physical location of study rather than the location of the certificate, diploma or degree-granting institution. This could affect the responses of those who obtained a certificate, diploma or degree through a joint program or by distance learning with credentials granted in another province or country. In particular, a number of persons reported a location of study for a university credential in one of the territories (Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut), even though there were no educational institutions in the territories with the authority to grant university degrees.

For any other comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable or 'Location of study,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 78

Refers to whether a person was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 79

Refers to whether an employed person is an employee or is self-employed. The self-employed include persons with or without a business, as well as unpaid family workers.

Footnote 80

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 81

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 82

Includes self-employed with an incorporated business and self-employed with an unincorporated business. Also included among the self-employed are unpaid family workers.

Footnote 83

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person worked for pay or in self-employment in 2010 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Footnote 84

Includes persons who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2010 only, or persons who worked in 2011 only.

Footnote 85

Refers to persons who worked for pay or in self-employment in 2010. These persons were asked to report whether the weeks they worked in 2010 were full-time weeks (30 hours or more per week) or not, on the basis of all jobs held. Persons with a part-time job for part of the year and a full-time job for another part of the year were to report the information for the job at which they worked the most weeks.

Footnote 86

Includes persons who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2010 only, or persons who worked in 2011 only.

Footnote 87

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The 2011 National Household Survey occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2011.

Footnote 88

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 89

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 90

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

Footnote 91

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 92

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 99-014-X2011037.