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2011 National Household Survey: Data tables

Tabulation: Religion (19), Age Groups (10), Sex (3), Selected Demographic, Cultural, Labour Force and Educational Characteristics (268) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2011 National Household Survey

Data table

Select data categories for this table


This table details religion , age groups , sex , selected demographic, cultural, labour force and educational characteristics for the population in private households in CanadaFootnote 2
Global non-response rate (GNR)Footnote 3 = 26.1 %
Selected demographic, cultural, labour force and educational characteristics (268) Sex (3)
Total - Sex Male Female
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by marital statusFootnote 4 27,259,525 13,295,350 13,964,175
Married or living with a common-law partner 16,005,325 8,000,270 8,005,050
Married (and not separated) 12,878,850 6,432,395 6,446,455
Living common law 3,126,470 1,567,875 1,558,600
Not married and not living with a common-law partner 11,254,200 5,295,080 5,959,125
Single (never legally married) 7,596,680 4,097,675 3,499,010
Separated 662,580 278,435 384,145
Divorced 1,647,785 650,715 997,080
Widowed 1,347,145 268,260 1,078,890
Total - Census family statusFootnote 5 32,852,320 16,163,115 16,689,210
Married spouses 12,649,725 6,327,325 6,322,400
Common-law partners 3,126,475 1,567,875 1,558,600
Lone parents 1,499,375 312,860 1,186,520
Children in census families 9,950,695 5,294,085 4,656,610
Persons not in census familiesFootnote 6 5,626,055 2,660,970 2,965,085
Total - Mobility status 1 year agoFootnote 7 32,485,215 15,975,760 16,509,460
Non-movers 28,443,530 13,983,140 14,460,390
Movers 4,041,690 1,992,620 2,049,070
Non-migrants 2,380,365 1,173,165 1,207,210
Migrants 1,661,320 819,460 841,860
Internal migrants 1,359,105 670,370 688,730
Intraprovincial migrants 1,116,780 548,335 568,445
Interprovincial migrants 242,325 122,035 120,290
External migrants 302,215 149,090 153,130
Total - Mobility status 5 years agoFootnote 8 30,978,635 15,204,695 15,773,935
Non-movers 19,010,735 9,329,115 9,681,615
Movers 11,967,905 5,875,585 6,092,320
Non-migrants 6,467,760 3,172,145 3,295,620
Migrants 5,500,140 2,703,440 2,796,700
Internal migrants 4,297,735 2,115,465 2,182,270
Intraprovincial migrants 3,442,065 1,683,045 1,759,025
Interprovincial migrants 855,665 432,420 423,250
External migrants 1,202,410 587,975 614,430
Total population by mother tongueFootnote 9 32,852,320 16,163,115 16,689,210
English 18,850,405 9,350,965 9,499,440
French 6,967,455 3,424,400 3,543,055
Non-official language 6,551,515 3,152,270 3,399,250
English and French 57,820 28,175 29,640
English and non-official language 353,530 171,045 182,485
French and non-official language 65,315 33,000 32,320
English, French and non-official language 6,275 3,250 3,025
Total population by language spoken most often at homeFootnote 10 32,852,320 16,163,110 16,689,210
English 21,468,335 10,601,670 10,866,665
French 6,790,375 3,343,725 3,446,650
Non-official language 3,710,730 1,787,310 1,923,420
English and French 60,515 29,235 31,280
English and non-official language 714,595 348,275 366,320
French and non-official language 96,315 47,225 49,095
English, French and non-official language 11,460 5,675 5,785
Total population by knowledge of official languagesFootnote 11 32,852,320 16,163,110 16,689,210
English only 22,415,260 11,162,245 11,253,015
French only 4,108,885 1,907,560 2,201,330
English and French 5,772,255 2,870,300 2,901,960
Neither English nor French 555,920 223,010 332,915
Total population aged 15 years and over by language used most often at workFootnote 12 19,133,310 9,920,580 9,212,725
English 14,622,905 7,610,355 7,012,555
French 3,831,535 1,963,645 1,867,885
Non-official language 251,015 129,225 121,795
Aboriginal 23,825 11,990 11,835
Non-Aboriginal 227,190 117,230 109,960
English and French 317,140 162,425 154,710
English and non-official language 94,100 46,725 47,375
French and non-official language 5,180 2,420 2,760
English, French and non-official language 11,440 5,785 5,655
Total population by citizenshipFootnote 13 32,852,325 16,163,115 16,689,210
Canadian citizens 30,895,305 15,232,600 15,662,710
Canadian citizens only 29,962,645 14,773,635 15,189,010
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country 932,665 458,960 473,705
Not Canadian citizensFootnote 14 1,957,015 930,515 1,026,495
Total population in private households by immigrant status and period of immigrationFootnote 15 32,852,325 16,163,115 16,689,210
Non-immigrantsFootnote 16 25,720,170 12,753,235 12,966,935
ImmigrantsFootnote 17 6,775,765 3,231,365 3,544,400
Before 1971 1,261,060 605,430 655,625
1971 to 1980 870,770 416,675 454,100
1981 to 1990 949,895 454,570 495,325
1991 to 2000 1,539,055 724,905 814,150
2001 to 2011Footnote 18 2,154,990 1,029,790 1,125,200
2001 to 2005 992,075 474,545 517,530
2006 to 2011Footnote 19 1,162,915 555,250 607,665
Non-permanent residentsFootnote 20 356,380 178,510 177,870
Total immigrant population in private households by age at immigrationFootnote 21 6,775,765 3,231,365 3,544,400
Under 5 years 671,795 332,650 339,145
5 to 14 years 1,186,050 601,425 584,620
15 to 24 years 1,540,430 698,480 841,945
25 to 44 years 2,767,110 1,320,925 1,446,185
45 years and over 610,380 277,885 332,500
Total population in private households by immigrant status and selected places of birthFootnote 22 32,852,325 16,163,110 16,689,210
Non-immigrantsFootnote 23 25,720,175 12,753,235 12,966,940
Born in province of residence 21,853,870 10,848,700 11,005,175
Born outside province of residence 3,866,305 1,904,540 1,961,770
ImmigrantsFootnote 24 6,775,765 3,231,365 3,544,400
Americas 1,060,230 478,150 582,085
United States 263,470 117,030 146,445
Jamaica 126,035 52,655 73,380
Guyana 87,945 39,105 48,835
Haiti 80,100 34,785 45,310
Mexico 69,695 32,765 36,930
Trinidad and Tobago 67,205 30,155 37,050
Colombia 60,555 28,555 32,000
El Salvador 43,655 21,995 21,665
Peru 26,715 11,745 14,965
Chile 25,195 12,390 12,805
Other places of birth in Americas 209,665 96,970 112,695
Europe 2,127,785 1,033,830 1,093,955
United KingdomFootnote 25 537,040 257,285 279,755
Italy 256,825 129,970 126,855
Germany 152,345 72,330 80,010
Poland 152,290 68,850 83,435
Portugal 138,520 67,895 70,625
Netherlands 98,510 50,195 48,315
France 90,445 46,905 43,545
Romania 82,595 39,635 42,960
Russian Federation 73,025 32,945 40,085
Greece 66,475 34,090 32,385
Ukraine 65,455 29,340 36,110
Croatia 40,015 19,470 20,540
Hungary 38,985 19,190 19,795
Bosnia and Herzegovina 35,885 18,290 17,595
Serbia 32,600 15,780 16,820
Ireland, Republic of 28,040 13,485 14,560
Other places of birth in Europe 238,740 118,175 120,565
Africa 492,025 251,030 241,000
Morocco 56,275 29,560 26,715
Algeria 51,085 27,350 23,735
Egypt 49,935 26,630 23,305
South Africa, Republic of 40,550 20,070 20,480
Nigeria 27,625 14,520 13,105
Ethiopia 24,535 11,845 12,695
Kenya 24,510 11,485 13,030
Other places of birth in Africa 217,505 109,565 107,940
Asia 3,041,105 1,441,670 1,599,430
India 547,890 271,490 276,395
ChinaFootnote 26 545,535 247,815 297,720
Philippines 454,340 190,120 264,220
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region 205,425 97,010 108,420
Viet NamFootnote 27 165,125 77,945 87,180
Pakistan 156,865 80,410 76,450
Sri Lanka 132,130 65,655 66,475
IranFootnote 28 120,685 61,780 58,905
Korea, SouthFootnote 29 112,400 52,815 59,585
Lebanon 81,105 43,410 37,695
Taiwan 66,455 30,555 35,895
Iraq 49,520 25,635 23,880
Bangladesh 45,325 23,410 21,915
Afghanistan 40,945 20,655 20,290
Japan 25,805 7,995 17,805
Turkey 25,275 13,420 11,850
Other places of birth in Asia 266,285 131,540 134,740
Oceania and otherFootnote 30 54,625 26,695 27,930
Fiji 24,285 11,415 12,870
Other places of birthFootnote 31 30,330 15,275 15,060
Non-permanent residentsFootnote 32 356,380 178,515 177,870
Total population in private households by generation statusFootnote 33 32,852,325 16,163,115 16,689,210
First generationFootnote 34 7,217,300 3,454,225 3,763,070
Second generationFootnote 35 5,702,725 2,840,865 2,861,860
Third generation or moreFootnote 36 19,932,300 9,868,025 10,064,275
Total population in private households by visible minority 32,852,325 16,163,115 16,689,210
Total visible minority populationFootnote 37 6,264,750 3,043,005 3,221,745
South AsianFootnote 38 1,567,405 790,760 776,650
Chinese 1,324,745 632,325 692,425
Black 945,665 453,005 492,660
Filipino 619,310 268,885 350,425
Latin American 381,275 186,350 194,930
Arab 380,620 203,485 177,135
Southeast AsianFootnote 39 312,075 154,035 158,045
West AsianFootnote 40 206,840 105,620 101,225
Korean 161,125 77,170 83,965
Japanese 87,265 38,270 48,990
Visible minority, n.i.e.Footnote 41 106,475 49,770 56,705
Multiple visible minoritiesFootnote 42 171,935 83,335 88,600
Not a visible minorityFootnote 43 26,587,570 13,120,105 13,467,470
Total population in private households by Aboriginal identity 32,852,325 16,163,115 16,689,210
Aboriginal identityFootnote 44 1,400,685 682,190 718,500
First Nations (North American Indian) single identityFootnote 45 851,560 411,785 439,780
Métis single identity 451,795 223,330 228,465
Inuk (Inuit) single identity 59,440 29,495 29,950
Multiple Aboriginal identitiesFootnote 46 11,415 5,525 5,895
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhereFootnote 47 26,475 12,055 14,420
Non-Aboriginal identity 31,451,635 15,480,925 15,970,715
Total population in private households by Registered or Treaty Indian statusFootnote 48 32,852,320 16,163,115 16,689,210
Registered or Treaty IndianFootnote 49 697,510 337,415 360,095
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian 32,154,815 15,825,700 16,329,115
Total population in private households by Aboriginal ancestryFootnote 50 32,852,325 16,163,110 16,689,210
Aboriginal ancestryFootnote 51 1,836,035 885,675 950,365
First Nations (North American Indian) Aboriginal ancestryFootnote 52 1,369,115 658,050 711,060
Métis ancestry 447,655 217,405 230,255
Inuit ancestry 72,615 35,895 36,720
Non-Aboriginal ancestry onlyFootnote 53 31,016,290 15,277,440 15,738,845
Total population aged 15 years and over by labour force statusFootnote 54 27,259,525 13,295,350 13,964,170
In the labour force 17,990,080 9,388,565 8,601,515
Employed 16,595,035 8,634,310 7,960,720
Unemployed 1,395,050 754,260 640,790
Not in the labour force 9,269,440 3,906,785 5,362,655
Participation rate 66.0 70.6 61.6
Employment rate 60.9 64.9 57.0
Unemployment rate 7.8 8.0 7.4
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of workerFootnote 55 17,990,080 9,388,570 8,601,515
Class of worker - not applicableFootnote 56 402,465 197,390 205,075
All classes of workerFootnote 57 17,587,615 9,191,175 8,396,440
Employee 15,660,620 7,957,495 7,703,130
Self-employedFootnote 58 1,926,990 1,233,680 693,310
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011Footnote 59 17,990,080 9,388,565 8,601,510
Occupation - not applicableFootnote 60 402,465 197,390 205,070
All occupationsFootnote 61 17,587,615 9,191,180 8,396,440
0 Management occupations 1,963,605 1,229,465 734,135
1 Business, finance and administration occupations 2,902,045 854,195 2,047,855
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations 1,237,770 966,360 271,415
3 Health occupations 1,107,195 217,520 889,680
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services 2,064,675 676,550 1,388,125
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport 503,410 232,535 270,880
6 Sales and service occupations 4,068,170 1,745,705 2,322,465
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations 2,537,775 2,385,615 152,165
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations 397,925 318,945 78,985
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities 805,040 564,300 240,740
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007Footnote 62 17,990,080 9,388,565 8,601,510
Industry - not applicableFootnote 63 402,465 197,395 205,070
All industriesFootnote 64 17,587,615 9,191,175 8,396,440
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting 437,650 307,365 130,285
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction 261,050 211,690 49,355
22 Utilities 149,940 110,765 39,175
23 Construction 1,215,380 1,068,710 146,670
31-33 Manufacturing 1,619,295 1,167,680 451,615
41 Wholesale trade 733,445 494,545 238,905
44-45 Retail trade 2,031,670 933,850 1,097,820
48-49 Transportation and warehousing 827,775 617,305 210,475
51 Information and cultural industries 420,825 235,870 184,955
52 Finance and insurance 767,960 296,995 470,965
53 Real estate and rental and leasing 321,895 179,090 142,810
54 Professional, scientific and technical services 1,240,855 688,625 552,225
55 Management of companies and enterprises 17,455 9,380 8,075
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services 728,325 411,245 317,080
61 Educational services 1,301,430 424,915 876,520
62 Health care and social assistance 1,949,650 349,430 1,600,220
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation 363,405 188,270 175,135
72 Accommodation and food services 1,130,755 469,990 660,760
81 Other services (except public administration) 807,805 372,940 434,865
91 Public administration 1,261,045 652,510 608,535
Total population aged 25 to 64 years by highest certificate, diploma or degreeFootnote 65 18,383,920 8,984,390 9,399,530
No certificate, diploma or degree 2,330,575 1,238,845 1,091,730
High school diploma or equivalentFootnote 66 4,270,660 2,049,355 2,221,310
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeFootnote 67 11,782,680 5,696,190 6,086,495
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diplomaFootnote 68 2,218,805 1,435,395 783,410
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma 3,913,710 1,674,815 2,238,895
University certificate or diploma below bachelor levelFootnote 69 894,750 385,980 508,770
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above 4,755,420 2,200,000 2,555,420
Bachelor's degree 3,032,220 1,358,965 1,673,260
University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor levelFootnote 70 1,723,195 841,035 882,165
Total population aged 15 years and over by major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011Footnote 71 27,259,525 13,295,355 13,964,175
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeFootnote 72 12,454,330 6,048,300 6,406,035
Education 1,109,455 275,765 833,690
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies 548,630 254,785 293,845
Humanities 821,590 326,875 494,720
Social and behavioural sciences and law 1,497,760 512,790 984,965
Business, management and public administration 3,187,570 1,188,985 1,998,590
Physical and life sciences and technologies 554,675 291,870 262,810
Mathematics, computer and information sciences 601,705 380,200 221,505
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies 3,193,970 2,929,940 264,035
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation 326,230 220,390 105,845
Health and related fieldsFootnote 73 2,060,605 393,040 1,667,570
Personal, protective and transportation services 900,005 471,705 428,300
Other fields of studyFootnote 74 2,990 725 2,270
Total population aged 15 years and over by location of study compared with province or territory of residenceFootnote 75 27,259,525 13,295,350 13,964,175
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree 12,454,335 6,048,300 6,406,035
With postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree 14,805,195 7,247,055 7,558,140
Location of study inside Canada 12,404,675 6,034,100 6,370,575
Same as province or territory of residence 10,920,860 5,283,600 5,637,260
Another province or territory 1,483,815 750,505 733,310
Location of study outside Canada 2,400,520 1,212,955 1,187,565

Symbol(s)

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not available for a specific reference period

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not applicable

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suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

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too unreliable to be published

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Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

Religion refers to the person's self-identification as having a connection or affiliation with any religious denomination, group, body, sect, cult or other religiously defined community or system of belief. Religion is not limited to formal membership in a religious organization or group. Persons without a religious connection or affiliation can self-identify as atheist, agnostic or humanist, or can provide another applicable response.

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Footnote 2

Excludes National Household Survey data for one or more incompletely enumerated Indian reserves or Indian settlements.

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Footnote 3

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

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Footnote 4

Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows:
Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living.

Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person.

Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

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Footnote 5

Classification of persons according to whether or not they are members of a census family and the status they have in the census family (a census family is composed of a married couple or two persons living common law, with or without children, or of a lone parent living with at least one child in the same dwelling). A person can be a married spouse, a common-law partner, a lone parent, a child or a person not in a census family.

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Footnote 6

Persons not in census families may live with relatives (without forming a census family with them), they may live with non-relatives only or they may live alone.

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Footnote 7

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 8

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 9

Refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the individual on May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 10

Refers to the language spoken most often at home by the individual on May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 11

Refers to the ability to conduct a conversation in English only, in French only, in both English and French, or in neither English nor French.

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Footnote 12

Population by language used most often at work.

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

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Footnote 13

Citizenship refers to the legal citizenship status of a person. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship.

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Footnote 14

Includes persons who are stateless.

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Footnote 15

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status. A landed immigrant/permanent resident refers to a person who has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities.

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Footnote 16

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

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Footnote 17

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 18

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 19

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 20

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 21

Age at immigration refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant/permanent resident status. Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities.

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Footnote 22

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

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Footnote 23

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

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Footnote 24

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 25

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 26

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

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Footnote 27

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

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Footnote 28

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 29

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 30

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 31

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 32

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 33

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

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Footnote 34

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 35

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 36

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 37

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 38

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

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Footnote 39

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

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Footnote 40

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

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Footnote 41

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 42

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 43

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 44

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 45

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

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Footnote 46

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 47

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 48

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

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Footnote 49

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.
'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 50

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ancestries in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ancestry (ethnic origin) in the NHS.

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Footnote 51

'Aboriginal ancestry' includes persons who reported one or more than one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17, either with or without also reporting a non-Aboriginal ancestry. The sum of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry', 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' is thus greater than the sum of the total for 'Aboriginal ancestry' because persons who reported more than one Aboriginal ancestry are included in the response category for each Aboriginal ancestry they reported. All respondents with Aboriginal ancestry are counted in at least one of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry,' 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' and also in the category 'Aboriginal ancestry.'

Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the respondent's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

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Footnote 52

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

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Footnote 53

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry only' includes persons who did not report First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17.

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Footnote 54

Refers to whether a person was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011.

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In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 55

Refers to whether an employed person is an employee or is self-employed. The self-employed include persons with or without a business, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 56

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

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Footnote 57

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

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Footnote 58

Includes self-employed with an incorporated business and self-employed with an unincorporated business. Also included among the self-employed are unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 59

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The 2011 National Household Survey occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2011.

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Footnote 60

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

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Footnote 61

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

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Footnote 62

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

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Footnote 63

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

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Footnote 64

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

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Footnote 65

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 66

'High school diploma or equivalent' includes persons who have graduated from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 67

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 68

'Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma' includes Registered Apprenticeship certificates (including Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation) and other trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

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Footnote 69

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' was over-reported in the NHS. This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' category with caution.

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Footnote 70

'University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level' includes the categories 'University certificate or diploma above bachelor level,' 'Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry,' 'Master's degree' and 'Earned doctorate.'

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Footnote 71

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant.



For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm.



For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 72

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed a registered apprenticeship certificate (including Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation) or other trades certificate or diploma, a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma, or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 73

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

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Footnote 74

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

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Footnote 75

'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence' indicates whether the 'Location of study' is the same as the province or territory of residence in 2011, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. 'Location of study' refers to the province, territory or country of the institution where the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school level was completed.



Users should be aware that some respondents may have reported the physical location of study rather than the location of the certificate, diploma or degree-granting institution. This could affect the responses of those who obtained a certificate, diploma or degree through a joint program or by distance learning with credentials granted in another province or country. In particular, a number of persons reported a location of study for a university credential in one of the territories (Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut), even though there were no educational institutions in the territories with the authority to grant university degrees.



For any other comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable or 'Location of study,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 99-010-X2011037.

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