Westmorland (Census division) GNR=25.1 Topic Characteristics Note Total Flag_Total Male Flag_Male Female Flag_Female Citizenship Total population in private households by citizenship 1 140425 68020 72405 Citizenship Canadian citizens 137465 66485 70985 Citizenship Canadian citizens aged under 18 25680 12955 12735 Citizenship Canadian citizens aged 18 and over 111785 53535 58255 Citizenship Not Canadian citizens 2 2955 1540 1420 Immigrant status and period of immigration Total population in private households by immigrant status and period of immigration 3 140425 68020 72405 Immigrant status and period of immigration Non-immigrants 4 133965 64840 69125 Immigrant status and period of immigration Immigrants 5 5995 2930 3060 Immigrant status and period of immigration Before 1971 1230 595 630 Immigrant status and period of immigration 1971 to 1980 910 395 515 Immigrant status and period of immigration 1981 to 1990 495 215 280 Immigrant status and period of immigration 1991 to 2000 530 280 255 Immigrant status and period of immigration 2001 to 2011 6 2830 1445 1380 Immigrant status and period of immigration 2001 to 2005 700 330 375 Immigrant status and period of immigration 2006 to 2011 6 2125 1115 1010 Immigrant status and period of immigration Non-permanent residents 7 470 255 215 Age at immigration Total immigrant population in private households by age at immigration 8 5990 2930 3060 Age at immigration Under 5 years 900 425 470 Age at immigration 5 to 14 years 1385 595 795 Age at immigration 15 to 24 years 1185 600 590 Age at immigration 25 to 44 years 2125 1130 995 Age at immigration 45 years and over 395 180 215 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Total population in private households by immigrant status and selected places of birth 9 140425 68020 72400 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Non-immigrants 10 133965 64840 69130 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Born in province of residence 106490 51020 55465 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Born outside province of residence 27475 13810 13660 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Immigrants 11 5995 2930 3060 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Americas 1720 750 970 Immigrant status and selected places of birth United States 1240 485 760 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Jamaica 0 0 0 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Guyana 20 0 0 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Haiti 180 140 40 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Mexico 40 0 20 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Trinidad and Tobago 0 0 0 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Colombia 30 0 0 Immigrant status and selected places of birth El Salvador 0 0 0 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Peru 0 0 0 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Chile 25 0 0 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Other places of birth in Americas 150 55 95 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Europe 1970 1050 915 Immigrant status and selected places of birth United Kingdom 12 930 495 435 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Italy 110 55 60 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Germany 290 140 150 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Poland 35 0 20 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Portugal 0 0 0 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Netherlands 145 80 60 Immigrant status and selected places of birth France 130 75 55 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Romania 50 0 35 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Russian Federation 0 0 0 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Greece 0 0 0 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Ukraine 0 0 0 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Croatia 0 0 0 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Hungary 25 0 0 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Bosnia and Herzegovina 0 0 0 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Serbia 0 0 0 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Ireland; Republic of 15 0 0 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Other places of birth in Europe 220 145 70 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Africa 765 400 370 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Morocco 80 50 30 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Algeria 25 15 15 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Egypt 70 45 0 Immigrant status and selected places of birth South Africa; Republic of 30 15 0 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Nigeria 0 0 0 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Ethiopia 0 0 0 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Kenya 0 0 0 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Other places of birth in Africa 510 245 260 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Asia 1510 715 795 Immigrant status and selected places of birth India 120 55 65 Immigrant status and selected places of birth China 13 105 50 55 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Philippines 100 0 75 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Hong Kong Special Administrative Region 35 0 20 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Viet Nam 14 295 135 160 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Pakistan 55 40 20 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Sri Lanka 0 0 0 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Iran 15 0 0 0 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Korea; South 16 560 275 290 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Lebanon 45 30 15 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Taiwan 0 0 0 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Iraq 0 0 0 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Bangladesh 0 0 0 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Afghanistan 0 0 0 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Japan 0 0 0 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Turkey 0 0 0 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Other places of birth in Asia 115 55 60 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Oceania and other 17 25 20 0 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Fiji 0 0 0 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Other places of birth 18 25 20 0 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Non-permanent residents 19 465 255 215 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Total recent immigrant population in private households by selected places of birth 20 2120 1115 1010 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Americas 365 245 120 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth United States 105 50 60 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Mexico 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Cuba 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Haiti 165 135 30 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Jamaica 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Brazil 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Colombia 25 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Guyana 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Peru 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Venezuela 21 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Other places of birth in Americas 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Europe 280 180 100 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth France 65 35 30 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Germany 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Poland 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Romania 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Moldova 22 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Russian Federation 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Ukraine 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth United Kingdom 12 120 80 45 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Other places of birth in Europe 85 60 20 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Africa 510 230 280 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Nigeria 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Ethiopia 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Mauritius 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Somalia 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Algeria 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Egypt 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Morocco 50 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Tunisia 50 20 25 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Cameroon 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Congo; The Democratic Republic of the 75 45 30 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth South Africa; Republic of 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Other places of birth in Africa 275 95 175 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Asia 975 465 505 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Philippines 40 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth China 13 35 0 20 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth India 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Pakistan 15 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Iran 15 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth South Korea 16 545 265 285 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Sri Lanka 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Iraq 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Bangladesh 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Lebanon 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Viet Nam 14 250 110 140 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Taiwan 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Afghanistan 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Japan 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Turkey 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Israel 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Nepal 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Hong Kong Special Administrative Region 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth United Arab Emirates 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Saudi Arabia 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Syria 23 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Other places of birth in Asia 35 20 15 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Oceania and other 17 0 0 0 Generation status Total population in private households by generation status 24 140425 68025 72400 Generation status First generation 25 6735 3325 3410 Generation status Second generation 26 8100 3845 4255 Generation status Third generation or more 27 125585 60850 64735 Visible minority population Total population in private households by visible minority 140425 68020 72400 Visible minority population Total visible minority population 28 4540 2205 2330 Visible minority population South Asian 29 555 260 290 Visible minority population Chinese 340 185 160 Visible minority population Black 1575 810 770 Visible minority population Filipino 205 35 170 Visible minority population Latin American 230 110 130 Visible minority population Arab 395 230 165 Visible minority population Southeast Asian 30 415 215 200 Visible minority population West Asian 31 85 45 40 Visible minority population Korean 590 275 320 Visible minority population Japanese 25 0 20 Visible minority population Visible minority; n.i.e. 32 25 0 0 Visible minority population Multiple visible minorities 33 90 35 55 Visible minority population Not a visible minority 34 135885 65815 70070 Ethnic origin population Total population in private households by ethnic origins 35 140420 68020 72405 Ethnic origin population North American Aboriginal origins 5650 2555 3095 Ethnic origin population First Nations (North American Indian) 4400 1905 2495 Ethnic origin population Inuit 250 165 85 Ethnic origin population Métis 1120 530 585 Ethnic origin population Other North American origins 80550 38835 41715 Ethnic origin population Acadian 12000 5775 6225 Ethnic origin population American 855 415 445 Ethnic origin population Canadian 72320 34820 37500 Ethnic origin population New Brunswicker 40 20 25 Ethnic origin population Newfoundlander 25 15 0 Ethnic origin population Nova Scotian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Ontarian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Québécois 330 150 180 Ethnic origin population Other North American origins; n.i.e. 36 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population European origins 93170 44960 48210 Ethnic origin population British Isles origins 60505 29090 31420 Ethnic origin population Channel Islander 45 20 20 Ethnic origin population Cornish 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population English 34005 16540 17465 Ethnic origin population Irish 24340 11225 13110 Ethnic origin population Manx 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Scottish 23275 11050 12225 Ethnic origin population Welsh 1400 680 720 Ethnic origin population British Isles origins; n.i.e. 37 2155 895 1260 Ethnic origin population French origins 46805 22365 24440 Ethnic origin population Alsatian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Breton 10 0 0 Ethnic origin population French 46800 22360 24440 Ethnic origin population Western European origins (except French origins) 10015 4985 5030 Ethnic origin population Austrian 155 65 90 Ethnic origin population Belgian 245 155 90 Ethnic origin population Dutch 2110 1060 1050 Ethnic origin population Flemish 10 0 0 Ethnic origin population Frisian 60 50 0 Ethnic origin population German 7600 3755 3845 Ethnic origin population Luxembourger 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Swiss 445 205 235 Ethnic origin population Western European origins; n.i.e. 38 10 0 0 Ethnic origin population Northern European origins (except British Isles origins) 1490 815 680 Ethnic origin population Danish 485 235 255 Ethnic origin population Finnish 120 30 85 Ethnic origin population Icelandic 35 15 20 Ethnic origin population Norwegian 565 365 195 Ethnic origin population Swedish 295 180 110 Ethnic origin population Northern European origins; n.i.e. 39 85 45 40 Ethnic origin population Eastern European origins 2165 1040 1135 Ethnic origin population Bulgarian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Byelorussian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Czech 65 45 0 Ethnic origin population Czechoslovakian; n.o.s. 115 75 40 Ethnic origin population Estonian 25 25 0 Ethnic origin population Hungarian 185 105 75 Ethnic origin population Latvian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Lithuanian 60 25 35 Ethnic origin population Moldovan 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Polish 770 290 485 Ethnic origin population Romanian 160 75 85 Ethnic origin population Russian 255 130 120 Ethnic origin population Slovak 50 20 25 Ethnic origin population Ukrainian 700 360 335 Ethnic origin population Eastern European origins; n.i.e. 40 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Southern European origins 2150 1000 1155 Ethnic origin population Albanian 40 0 20 Ethnic origin population Bosnian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Croatian 20 0 20 Ethnic origin population Cypriot 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Greek 85 40 50 Ethnic origin population Italian 1460 735 730 Ethnic origin population Kosovar 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Macedonian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Maltese 25 0 0 Ethnic origin population Montenegrin 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Portuguese 150 45 100 Ethnic origin population Serbian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Sicilian 25 0 0 Ethnic origin population Slovenian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Spanish 375 150 220 Ethnic origin population Yugoslavian; n.o.s. 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Southern European origins; n.i.e. 41 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Other European origins 470 230 240 Ethnic origin population Basque 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Jewish 250 165 90 Ethnic origin population Roma (Gypsy) 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Slavic; n.o.s. 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Other European origins; n.i.e. 42 195 65 130 Ethnic origin population Caribbean origins 425 235 190 Ethnic origin population Antiguan 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Bahamian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Barbadian 25 20 0 Ethnic origin population Bermudan 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Carib 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Cuban 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Dominican 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Grenadian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Haitian 220 145 75 Ethnic origin population Jamaican 65 20 40 Ethnic origin population Kittitian/Nevisian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Martinican 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Montserratan 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Puerto Rican 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population St. Lucian 10 0 0 Ethnic origin population Trinidadian/Tobagonian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Vincentian/Grenadinian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population West Indian; n.o.s. 50 20 25 Ethnic origin population Caribbean origins; n.i.e. 43 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Latin; Central and South American origins 400 195 205 Ethnic origin population Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Maya) 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Argentinian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Belizean 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Bolivian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Brazilian 50 45 0 Ethnic origin population Chilean 40 0 0 Ethnic origin population Colombian 35 20 15 Ethnic origin population Costa Rican 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Ecuadorian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Guatemalan 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Guyanese 30 0 15 Ethnic origin population Hispanic 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Honduran 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Maya 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Mexican 75 35 40 Ethnic origin population Nicaraguan 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Panamanian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Paraguayan 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Peruvian 25 0 15 Ethnic origin population Salvadorean 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Uruguayan 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Venezuelan 15 0 0 Ethnic origin population Latin; Central and South American origins; n.i.e. 44 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population African origins 1650 780 870 Ethnic origin population Central and West African origins 570 255 315 Ethnic origin population Akan 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Angolan 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Ashanti 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Beninese 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Burkinabe 50 30 15 Ethnic origin population Cameroonian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Chadian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Congolese 175 95 80 Ethnic origin population Gabonese 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Gambian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Ghanaian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Guinean 65 0 0 Ethnic origin population Ibo 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Ivorian 40 30 0 Ethnic origin population Liberian 105 0 75 Ethnic origin population Malian 50 0 40 Ethnic origin population Nigerian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Peulh 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Senegalese 60 0 45 Ethnic origin population Sierra Leonean 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Togolese 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Yoruba 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Central and West African origins; n.i.e. 45 55 25 0 Ethnic origin population North African origins 350 185 160 Ethnic origin population Algerian 75 35 45 Ethnic origin population Berber 30 0 0 Ethnic origin population Coptic 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Dinka 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Egyptian 55 0 0 Ethnic origin population Libyan 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Maure 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Moroccan 90 45 45 Ethnic origin population Sudanese 10 0 0 Ethnic origin population Tunisian 85 40 40 Ethnic origin population North African origins; n.i.e. 46 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Southern and East African origins 260 145 115 Ethnic origin population Afrikaner 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Amhara 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Bantu; n.o.s. 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Burundian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Eritrean 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Ethiopian 55 0 0 Ethnic origin population Harari 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Kenyan 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Malagasy 20 10 0 Ethnic origin population Mauritian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Oromo 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Rwandan 110 65 45 Ethnic origin population Seychellois 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Somali 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population South African 30 20 0 Ethnic origin population Tanzanian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Tigrian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Ugandan 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Zambian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Zimbabwean 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Zulu 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Southern and East African origins; n.i.e. 47 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Other African origins 495 210 280 Ethnic origin population Black; n.o.s. 48 55 20 30 Ethnic origin population Other African origins; n.i.e. 49 440 190 245 Ethnic origin population Asian origins 3175 1565 1610 Ethnic origin population West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins 905 515 385 Ethnic origin population Afghan 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Arab; n.o.s. 180 115 60 Ethnic origin population Armenian 20 0 0 Ethnic origin population Assyrian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Azerbaijani 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Georgian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Iranian 110 40 60 Ethnic origin population Iraqi 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Israeli 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Jordanian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Kazakh 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Kurd 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Kuwaiti 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Lebanese 465 260 200 Ethnic origin population Palestinian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Pashtun 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Saudi Arabian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Syrian 60 25 35 Ethnic origin population Tajik 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Tatar 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Turk 40 25 0 Ethnic origin population Uighur 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Uzbek 15 0 0 Ethnic origin population Yemeni 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins; n.i.e. 50 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population South Asian origins 670 315 350 Ethnic origin population Bangladeshi 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Bengali 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population East Indian 48 600 275 325 Ethnic origin population Goan 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Gujarati 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Kashmiri 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Nepali 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Pakistani 70 45 0 Ethnic origin population Punjabi 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Sinhalese 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Sri Lankan 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Tamil 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population South Asian origins; n.i.e. 51 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population East and Southeast Asian origins 1605 720 880 Ethnic origin population Burmese 15 0 0 Ethnic origin population Cambodian (Khmer) 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Chinese 415 240 175 Ethnic origin population Filipino 220 55 170 Ethnic origin population Hmong 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Indonesian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Japanese 30 10 20 Ethnic origin population Korean 595 270 320 Ethnic origin population Laotian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Malaysian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Mongolian 40 0 0 Ethnic origin population Singaporean 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Taiwanese 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Thai 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Tibetan 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Vietnamese 310 140 165 Ethnic origin population East and Southeast Asian origins; n.i.e. 52 40 0 0 Ethnic origin population Other Asian origins 25 20 0 Ethnic origin population Other Asian origins; n.i.e. 53 25 20 0 Ethnic origin population Oceania origins 40 30 0 Ethnic origin population Australian 25 20 0 Ethnic origin population New Zealander 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Pacific Islands origins 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Fijian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Hawaiian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Maori 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Polynesian; n.o.s. 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Samoan 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Pacific Islands origins; n.i.e. 54 0 0 0 Religion Total population in private households by religion 55 140425 68020 72405 Religion Buddhist 315 165 150 Religion Christian 114155 53895 60260 Religion Anglican 6140 2695 3440 Religion Baptist 13525 6160 7365 Religion Catholic 74515 35455 39060 Religion Christian Orthodox 160 70 85 Religion Lutheran 160 75 85 Religion Pentecostal 1315 615 700 Religion Presbyterian 1145 590 555 Religion United Church 8565 3890 4675 Religion Other Christian 8640 4345 4295 Religion Hindu 105 55 50 Religion Jewish 165 105 55 Religion Muslim 850 435 420 Religion Sikh 0 0 0 Religion Traditional (Aboriginal) Spirituality 40 0 0 Religion Other religions 395 140 250 Religion No religious affiliation 24390 13180 11205 Aboriginal population Total population in private households by Aboriginal identity 140425 68020 72405 Aboriginal population Aboriginal identity 56 2650 1325 1325 Aboriginal population First Nations (North American Indian) single identity 57 1335 600 735 Aboriginal population Métis single identity 860 450 405 Aboriginal population Inuk (Inuit) single identity 205 130 75 Aboriginal population Multiple Aboriginal identities 58 0 0 0 Aboriginal population Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere 59 235 150 90 Aboriginal population Non-Aboriginal identity 137770 66700 71080 Aboriginal population Total population in private households by Registered or Treaty Indian status 57 140425 68020 72405 Aboriginal population Registered or Treaty Indian 60 610 310 305 Aboriginal population Not a Registered or Treaty Indian 139815 67710 72100 Aboriginal population Total population in private households by Aboriginal ancestry 61 140425 68020 72405 Aboriginal population Aboriginal ancestry 62 5650 2555 3095 Aboriginal population First Nations (North American Indian) Aboriginal ancestry 57 4400 1905 2495 Aboriginal population Métis ancestry 1120 535 585 Aboriginal population Inuit ancestry 250 165 85 Aboriginal population Non-Aboriginal ancestry only 63 134775 65470 69305 Non-official languages spoken Total population in private households by non-official languages spoken 64 6250 2995 3260 Non-official languages spoken Aboriginal languages 20 0 20 Non-official languages spoken Algonquin 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Atikamekw 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Blackfoot 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Cree languages 65 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Mi'kmaq 15 0 15 Non-official languages spoken Innu/Montagnais 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Ojibway 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Oji-Cree 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Carrier 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Dene 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Tlicho (Dogrib) 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Slavey; n.o.s. 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Stoney 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Inuktitut 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Other Aboriginal languages 66 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Non-Aboriginal languages 6230 2985 3245 Non-official languages spoken Italian 360 195 165 Non-official languages spoken Portuguese 55 40 20 Non-official languages spoken Romanian 60 25 35 Non-official languages spoken Spanish 1545 715 830 Non-official languages spoken Dutch 220 105 110 Non-official languages spoken Flemish 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken German 735 415 325 Non-official languages spoken Yiddish 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Danish 20 20 0 Non-official languages spoken Norwegian 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Swedish 35 0 20 Non-official languages spoken Afrikaans 20 20 0 Non-official languages spoken Gaelic languages 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Bosnian 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Bulgarian 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Croatian 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Czech 15 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Macedonian 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Polish 40 20 20 Non-official languages spoken Russian 65 40 30 Non-official languages spoken Serbian 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Serbo-Croatian 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Slovak 15 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Slovenian 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Ukrainian 15 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Latvian 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Lithuanian 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Greek 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Armenian 20 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Albanian 40 0 20 Non-official languages spoken Estonian 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Finnish 20 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Hungarian 40 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Turkish 45 0 30 Non-official languages spoken Berber languages (Kabyle) 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Oromo 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Somali 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Amharic 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Arabic 515 275 240 Non-official languages spoken Hebrew 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Maltese 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Tigrigna 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Semitic languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Bengali 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Gujarati 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Hindi 90 45 45 Non-official languages spoken Konkani 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Marathi 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Panjabi (Punjabi) 60 30 30 Non-official languages spoken Sindhi 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Sinhala (Sinhalese) 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Urdu 85 50 35 Non-official languages spoken Nepali 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Kurdish 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Pashto 20 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Persian (Farsi) 75 0 50 Non-official languages spoken Indo-Iranian languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Kannada 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Malayalam 30 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Tamil 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Telugu 35 0 25 Non-official languages spoken Japanese 135 35 95 Non-official languages spoken Korean 605 300 305 Non-official languages spoken Cantonese 45 20 25 Non-official languages spoken Fukien 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Hakka 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Mandarin 105 55 55 Non-official languages spoken Taiwanese 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Chinese; n.o.s. 110 50 60 Non-official languages spoken Lao 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Thai 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Khmer (Cambodian) 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Vietnamese 300 140 160 Non-official languages spoken Bisayan languages 20 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Ilocano 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Malay 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Tagalog (Pilipino;Filipino) 160 40 120 Non-official languages spoken Akan (Twi) 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Lingala 45 30 0 Non-official languages spoken Rundi (Kirundi) 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Rwanda (Kinyarwanda) 90 55 35 Non-official languages spoken Swahili 140 75 65 Non-official languages spoken Bantu languages; n.i.e. 55 40 0 Non-official languages spoken Niger-Congo languages; n.i.e. 180 90 90 Non-official languages spoken African languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Creoles 315 185 130 Non-official languages spoken Other non-Aboriginal languages 67 600 260 340 Mobility Total - Mobility status 1 year ago 68 139090 67405 71685 Mobility Non-movers 119140 57770 61375 Mobility Movers 19950 9635 10315 Mobility Non-migrants 12365 6220 6145 Mobility Migrants 7585 3415 4170 Mobility Internal migrants 7105 3205 3895 Mobility Intraprovincial migrants 4715 2145 2570 Mobility Interprovincial migrants 2385 1060 1325 Mobility External migrants 480 210 275 Mobility Total - Mobility status 5 years ago 69 132825 64285 68540 Mobility Non-movers 78105 37425 40680 Mobility Movers 54715 26855 27860 Mobility Non-migrants 29460 14350 15105 Mobility Migrants 25260 12505 12755 Mobility Internal migrants 22760 11240 11515 Mobility Intraprovincial migrants 14640 7040 7595 Mobility Interprovincial migrants 8120 4200 3920 Mobility External migrants 2500 1260 1240 Education Total population aged 15 years and over by highest certificate; diploma or degree 70 119090 57425 61665 Education No certificate; diploma or degree 24765 12360 12400 Education High school diploma or equivalent 71 31775 15570 16205 Education Postsecondary certificate; diploma or degree 72 62550 29490 33060 Education Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma 73 11275 7385 3890 Education College; CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma 25280 11105 14175 Education University certificate or diploma below bachelor level 74 3765 1410 2355 Education University certificate; diploma or degree at bachelor level or above 22230 9585 12640 Education Bachelor's degree 15485 6320 9170 Education University certificate; diploma or degree above bachelor level 75 6740 3275 3470 Education Total population aged 25 to 64 years by highest certificate; diploma or degree 70 81325 39725 41595 Education No certificate; diploma or degree 10450 5730 4720 Education High school diploma or equivalent 71 20845 10710 10135 Education Postsecondary certificate; diploma or degree 72 50030 23290 26740 Education Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma 73 8280 5335 2940 Education College; CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma 20425 9110 11320 Education University certificate or diploma below bachelor level 74 2760 1075 1685 Education University certificate; diploma or degree at bachelor level or above 18560 7775 10790 Education Bachelor's degree 12945 5270 7675 Education University certificate; diploma or degree above bachelor level 75 5615 2505 3110 Education Total population aged 15 years and over by major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011 76 119095 57425 61670 Education No postsecondary certificate; diploma or degree 77 56540 27935 28605 Education Education 5145 1230 3910 Education Visual and performing arts; and communications technologies 1650 810 835 Education Humanities 3165 1195 1970 Education Social and behavioural sciences and law 4570 1470 3105 Education Business; management and public administration 16800 5925 10870 Education Physical and life sciences and technologies 1555 745 815 Education Mathematics; computer and information sciences 3010 2055 955 Education Architecture; engineering; and related technologies 12140 11425 715 Education Agriculture; natural resources and conservation 715 405 310 Education Health and related fields 78 9095 1660 7435 Education Personal; protective and transportation services 4670 2570 2105 Education Other fields of study 79 35 0 30 Education Total population aged 15 years and over by location of study compared with province or territory of residence 80 119090 57425 61670 Education No postsecondary certificate; diploma or degree 56540 27935 28605 Education With postsecondary certificate; diploma or degree 62550 29490 33065 Education Location of study inside Canada 59945 27995 31950 Education Same as province or territory of residence 46255 21330 24925 Education Another province or territory 13690 6665 7025 Education Location of study outside Canada 2610 1495 1110 Language used most often at work Total population aged 15 years and over by language used most often at work 81 87190 43935 43255 Language used most often at work Single responses 81710 41370 40340 Language used most often at work English 62095 33035 29060 Language used most often at work French 19560 8280 11280 Language used most often at work Non-official languages 55 50 0 Language used most often at work Chinese; n.o.s. 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Cantonese 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Panjabi (Punjabi) 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Mandarin 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Spanish 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Korean 0 0 0 Language used most often at work German 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Cree languages 82 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Portuguese 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Inuktitut 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Other languages 15 0 0 Language used most often at work Multiple responses 5480 2560 2915 Language used most often at work English and French 5335 2510 2830 Language used most often at work English and non-official language 115 0 75 Language used most often at work French and non-official language 0 0 0 Language used most often at work English; French and non-official language 10 0 0 Language used most often at work Total population aged 15 years and over by language used most often at work 81 87190 43935 43255 Language used most often at work English 62095 33040 29060 Language used most often at work French 19560 8280 11275 Language used most often at work Non-official language 60 55 0 Language used most often at work Aboriginal 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Non-Aboriginal 55 50 0 Language used most often at work English and French 5340 2510 2830 Language used most often at work English and non-official language 120 0 75 Language used most often at work French and non-official language 0 0 0 Language used most often at work English; French and non-official language 10 0 0 Labour force status Total population aged 15 years and over by labour force status 83 119090 57420 61670 Labour force status In the labour force 81055 41155 39900 Labour force status Employed 74275 37365 36910 Labour force status Unemployed 6780 3785 2990 Labour force status Not in the labour force 38035 16265 21765 Labour force status Participation rate 68.1 71.7 64.7 Labour force status Employment rate 62.4 65.1 59.9 Labour force status Unemployment rate 8.4 9.2 7.5 Class of worker Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker 84 81055 41155 39900 Class of worker Class of worker - not applicable 85 845 415 430 Class of worker All classes of worker 86 80210 40740 39470 Class of worker Employee 74170 37155 37015 Class of worker Self-employed 87 6040 3580 2455 Occupation Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011 88 81055 41155 39900 Occupation Occupation - not applicable 89 845 415 435 Occupation All occupations 86 80210 40740 39470 Occupation 0 Management occupations 8035 4945 3090 Occupation 1 Business; finance and administration occupations 12865 3930 8935 Occupation 2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations 4830 3765 1070 Occupation 3 Health occupations 6030 1100 4930 Occupation 4 Occupations in education; law and social; community and government services 9540 2985 6560 Occupation 5 Occupations in art; culture; recreation and sport 1895 930 970 Occupation 6 Sales and service occupations 21600 9275 12325 Occupation 7 Trades; transport and equipment operators and related occupations 11180 10690 490 Occupation 8 Natural resources; agriculture and related production occupations 1310 1105 205 Occupation 9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities 2920 2025 895 Industry Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007 90 81060 41155 39900 Industry Industry - not applicable 89 845 415 435 Industry All industries 86 80210 40740 39470 Industry 11 Agriculture; forestry; fishing and hunting 1115 740 380 Industry 21 Mining; quarrying; and oil and gas extraction 755 535 220 Industry 22 Utilities 170 140 25 Industry 23 Construction 5115 4545 565 Industry 31-33 Manufacturing 6115 4485 1635 Industry 41 Wholesale trade 3655 2790 870 Industry 44-45 Retail trade 10045 4465 5575 Industry 48-49 Transportation and warehousing 4860 3405 1460 Industry 51 Information and cultural industries 2195 1230 975 Industry 52 Finance and insurance 4155 1425 2730 Industry 53 Real estate and rental and leasing 965 635 325 Industry 54 Professional; scientific and technical services 3390 1870 1525 Industry 55 Management of companies and enterprises 60 20 35 Industry 56 Administrative and support; waste management and remediation services 4415 2615 1805 Industry 61 Educational services 5520 1865 3655 Industry 62 Health care and social assistance 10135 1940 8200 Industry 71 Arts; entertainment and recreation 1640 960 685 Industry 72 Accommodation and food services 5670 2035 3635 Industry 81 Other services (except public administration) 3155 1550 1605 Industry 91 Public administration 7080 3505 3575 Work activity Total labour force aged 15 years and over by work activity in 2010 91 81055 41155 39900 Work activity Did not work in 2010 92 2730 1165 1565 Work activity Worked in 2010 78325 39990 38340 Work activity 1 to 13 weeks 3840 1660 2175 Work activity 14 to 26 weeks 7380 3730 3650 Work activity 27 to 39 weeks 5130 2410 2720 Work activity 40 to 48 weeks 9800 4810 4990 Work activity 49 to 52 weeks 52175 27375 24805 Work activity Average weeks worked in 2010 44.4 44.9 43.9 Full-time or part-time weeks worked Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by full-time or part-time weeks worked in 2010 93 81055 41155 39900 Full-time or part-time weeks worked Did not work in 2010 92 2730 1165 1565 Full-time or part-time weeks worked Worked in 2010 78330 39985 38340 Full-time or part-time weeks worked Worked full-time in 2010 65430 35700 29725 Full-time or part-time weeks worked Worked part-time in 2010 12900 4290 8610 Place of work status Total employed population aged 15 years and over by place of work status 94 74280 37370 36910 Place of work status Worked at home 3710 1855 1850 Place of work status Worked outside Canada 130 95 40 Place of work status No fixed workplace address 7605 5835 1775 Place of work status Worked at usual place 62830 29585 33250 Mode of transportation Total employed population aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address by mode of transportation 95 70440 35415 35025 Mode of transportation Car; truck or van - as a driver 55095 29100 25995 Mode of transportation Car; truck or van - as a passenger 6965 2505 4455 Mode of transportation Public transit 2125 920 1205 Mode of transportation Walked 5020 2115 2905 Mode of transportation Bicycle 370 310 60 Mode of transportation Other methods 860 465 395 Median commuting duration Total employed population aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address by median commuting duration 96 70440 35420 35025 Median commuting duration Median commuting duration 15.4 15.4 15.3 Time leaving for work Total employed population aged 15 years and over by time leaving for work 97 70440 35420 35025 Time leaving for work Between 5 and 6:59 a.m. 12400 7470 4935 Time leaving for work Between 7 and 9:00 a.m. 44180 21230 22950 Time leaving for work Anytime after 9:00 a.m. 13855 6715 7140 Occupied private dwelling characteristics Total number of occupied private dwellings by condition of dwelling 98 60885 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed 56405 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics Major repairs needed 4485 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics Total number of occupied private dwellings by period of construction 99 60890 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 1960 or before 14380 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 1961 to 1980 15965 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 1981 to 1990 8645 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 1991 to 2000 8485 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 2001 to 2005 6535 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 2006 to 2011 100 6870 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics Total number of occupied private dwellings by number of rooms 101 60890 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 1 to 4 rooms 13820 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 5 rooms 10040 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 6 rooms 9895 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 7 rooms 8350 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 8 or more rooms 18780 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics Average number of rooms per dwelling 6.5 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics Total number of occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms 102 60890 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 0 to 1 bedroom 6090 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 2 bedrooms 17055 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 3 bedrooms 24525 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 4 or more bedrooms 13220 ... ... Household characteristics Total number of private households by tenure 103 60890 ... ... Household characteristics Owner 43125 ... ... Household characteristics Renter 17760 ... ... Household characteristics Band housing 10 ... ... Household characteristics Total number of private households by condominium status 104 60890 ... ... Household characteristics Part of a condominium development 2435 ... ... Household characteristics Not part of a condominium development 58460 ... ... Household characteristics Total number of private households by number of household maintainers 105 60885 ... ... Household characteristics 1 household maintainer 34000 ... ... Household characteristics 2 household maintainers 25845 ... ... Household characteristics 3 or more household maintainers 1045 ... ... Household characteristics Total number of private households by age group of primary household maintainers 106 60885 ... ... Household characteristics Under 25 years 3095 ... ... Household characteristics 25 to 34 years 9735 ... ... Household characteristics 35 to 44 years 10670 ... ... Household characteristics 45 to 54 years 12605 ... ... Household characteristics 55 to 64 years 11405 ... ... Household characteristics 65 to 74 years 7240 ... ... Household characteristics 75 years and over 6140 ... ... Household characteristics Total number of private households by number of persons per room 107 60885 ... ... Household characteristics One person or fewer per room 60630 ... ... Household characteristics More than one person per room 260 ... ... Household characteristics Total number of private households by housing suitability 108 60890 ... ... Household characteristics Suitable 59335 ... ... Household characteristics Not suitable 1555 ... ... Shelter costs Total number of owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero; in non-farm; non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio 109 60660 ... ... Shelter costs Spending less than 30% of household total income on shelter costs 47685 ... ... Shelter costs Spending 30% or more of household total income on shelter costs 12970 ... ... Shelter costs Spending 30% to less than 100% of household total income on shelter costs 10760 ... ... Shelter costs Number of owner households in non-farm; non-reserve private dwellings 42945 ... ... Shelter costs % of owner households with a mortgage 110 63.1 ... ... Shelter costs % of owner households spending 30% or more of household total income on shelter costs 111 13.7 ... ... Shelter costs Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($) 112 884 ... ... Shelter costs Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($) 112 938 ... ... Shelter costs Median value of dwellings ($) 113 150284 ... ... Shelter costs Average value of dwellings ($) 113 172645 ... ... Shelter costs Number of tenant households in non-farm; non-reserve private dwellings 17760 ... ... Shelter costs % of tenant households in subsidized housing 114 13.8 ... ... Shelter costs % of tenant households spending 30% or more of household total income on shelter costs 115 40.0 ... ... Shelter costs Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($) 116 710 ... ... Shelter costs Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($) 116 716 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Total income in 2010 of population aged 15 years and over 117 119095 57425 61665 Income of individuals in 2010 Without income 3965 1720 2245 Income of individuals in 2010 With income 115125 55705 59420 Income of individuals in 2010 Under $5;000 118 8825 3955 4870 Income of individuals in 2010 $5;000 to $9;999 9435 3345 6085 Income of individuals in 2010 $10;000 to $14;999 9805 3465 6335 Income of individuals in 2010 $15;000 to $19;999 11825 4315 7510 Income of individuals in 2010 $20;000 to $29;999 19975 9060 10915 Income of individuals in 2010 $30;000 to $39;999 17370 8885 8485 Income of individuals in 2010 $40;000 to $49;999 12050 6885 5160 Income of individuals in 2010 $50;000 to $59;999 8190 5155 3035 Income of individuals in 2010 $60;000 to $79;999 10055 5425 4630 Income of individuals in 2010 $80;000 to $99;999 3890 2505 1385 Income of individuals in 2010 $100;000 and over 3715 2705 1010 Income of individuals in 2010 $100;000 to $124;999 1905 1315 590 Income of individuals in 2010 $125;000 and over 1815 1395 420 Income of individuals in 2010 Median income ($) 119 28778 34268 23973 Income of individuals in 2010 Average income ($) 119 35824 41490 30513 Income of individuals in 2010 After-tax income in 2010 of population 15 years and over 120 119090 57425 61665 Income of individuals in 2010 Without after-tax income 3970 1710 2260 Income of individuals in 2010 With after-tax income 115120 55715 59405 Income of individuals in 2010 Under $5;000 121 9065 4000 5065 Income of individuals in 2010 $5;000 to $9;999 9715 3455 6260 Income of individuals in 2010 $10;000 to $14;999 10345 3595 6750 Income of individuals in 2010 $15;000 to $19;999 12980 5025 7955 Income of individuals in 2010 $20;000 to $29;999 24295 11490 12805 Income of individuals in 2010 $30;000 to $39;999 19350 10445 8905 Income of individuals in 2010 $40;000 to $49;999 12050 7200 4850 Income of individuals in 2010 $50;000 to $59;999 7615 4130 3480 Income of individuals in 2010 $60;000 to $79;999 6310 3895 2415 Income of individuals in 2010 $80;000 to $99;999 1825 1245 575 Income of individuals in 2010 $100;000 and over 1570 1225 345 Income of individuals in 2010 Median after-tax income ($) 122 26052 30308 22328 Income of individuals in 2010 Average after-tax income ($) 122 30399 34629 26431 Income of individuals in 2010 Composition of total income in 2010 of population 15 years and over (%) 123 100.0 100.0 100.0 Income of individuals in 2010 Market income (%) 124 86.4 89.4 82.7 Income of individuals in 2010 Employment income (%) 125 74.6 77.0 71.6 Income of individuals in 2010 Wages and salaries (%) 126 71.2 73.0 68.8 Income of individuals in 2010 Self-employment income (%) 127 3.5 4.0 2.8 Income of individuals in 2010 Investment income (%) 128 2.6 2.4 2.8 Income of individuals in 2010 Retirement pensions; superannuation and annuities (%) 129 7.7 8.6 6.5 Income of individuals in 2010 Other money income (%) 130 1.5 1.3 1.7 Income of individuals in 2010 Government transfer payments (%) 131 13.6 10.6 17.3 Income of individuals in 2010 Canada/Quebec Pension Plan benefits (%) 132 4.3 3.9 4.7 Income of individuals in 2010 Old Age Security pensions and Guaranteed Income Supplement (%) 133 3.7 2.7 4.9 Income of individuals in 2010 Employment Insurance benefits (%) 134 2.9 2.7 3.2 Income of individuals in 2010 Child benefits (%) 135 1.3 0.1 2.8 Income of individuals in 2010 Other income from government sources (%) 136 1.4 1.3 1.6 Income of individuals in 2010 Income taxes paid as a % of total income 137 15.1 16.5 13.4 Income of individuals in 2010 After-tax income as a % of total income 138 84.8 83.5 86.6 Income of individuals in 2010 Net capital gains or losses as a % of total income 139 1.3 1.3 1.4 Income of individuals in 2010 Population aged 15 years and over who worked full year; full time and with employment income in 2010 140 46850 25255 21600 Income of individuals in 2010 Median employment income in 2010 ($) 41778 45265 37338 Income of individuals in 2010 Average employment income in 2010 ($) 48587 53204 43188 Income of individuals in 2010 Family income in 2010 of economic families 141 41935 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Median family income ($) 68967 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Average family income ($) 80687 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Median after-tax family income ($) 60524 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Average after-tax family income ($) 68178 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Average family size 2.8 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Couple-only economic families 142 18565 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Median family income ($) 61691 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Average family income ($) 71865 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Median after-tax family income ($) 54503 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Average after-tax family income ($) 60952 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Average family size 2.0 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Couple-with-children economic families 143 16315 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Median family income ($) 91041 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Average family income ($) 103151 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Median after-tax family income ($) 78227 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Average after-tax family income ($) 85947 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Average family size 3.8 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Lone-parent economic families 144 5475 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Median family income ($) 38774 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Average family income ($) 46340 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Median after-tax family income ($) 36870 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Average after-tax family income ($) 41339 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Average family size 2.5 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Income in 2010 of population aged 15 years and over not in economic families 145 23675 10890 12785 Income of individuals in 2010 Median total income ($) 146 25910 30134 23212 Income of individuals in 2010 Average total income ($) 146 31276 33486 29393 Income of individuals in 2010 Median after-tax income ($) 147 23719 26448 22331 Income of individuals in 2010 Average after-tax income ($) 147 27043 28599 25717 Income of individuals in 2010 Total population by decile of adjusted after-tax family income 148 140425 68020 72405 Income of individuals in 2010 In bottom half of the Canadian distribution 77510 36330 41185 Income of individuals in 2010 In bottom decile 12900 5995 6910 Income of individuals in 2010 In second decile 16065 6940 9125 Income of individuals in 2010 In third decile 15730 7230 8500 Income of individuals in 2010 In fourth decile 16135 7935 8205 Income of individuals in 2010 In fifth decile 16675 8235 8445 Income of individuals in 2010 In top half of the Canadian distribution 62915 31695 31220 Income of individuals in 2010 In sixth decile 15905 7910 7990 Income of individuals in 2010 In seventh decile 14500 7240 7260 Income of individuals in 2010 In eighth decile 13000 6575 6420 Income of individuals in 2010 In ninth decile 10910 5455 5450 Income of individuals in 2010 In top decile 8600 4505 4090 Income of households in 2010 Household total income in 2010 of private households 149 60890 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Under $5;000 1435 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $5;000 to $9;999 1330 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $10;000 to $14;999 1675 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $15;000 to $19;999 3615 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $20;000 to $29;999 6085 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $30;000 to $39;999 7035 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $40;000 to $49;999 6195 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $50;000 to $59;999 5425 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $60;000 to $79;999 9470 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $80;000 to $99;999 6875 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $100;000 to $124;999 5290 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $125;000 to $149;999 2865 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $150;000 and over 3600 ... ... Income of households in 2010 After-tax income of households in 2010 of private households 150 60890 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Under $5;000 1450 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $5;000 to $9;999 1340 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $10;000 to $14;999 1820 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $15;000 to $19;999 3710 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $20;000 to $29;999 7225 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $30;000 to $39;999 8030 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $40;000 to $49;999 7250 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $50;000 to $59;999 6565 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $60;000 to $79;999 10260 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $80;000 to $99;999 6225 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $100;000 and over 7005 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $100;000 to $124;999 3835 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $125;000 and over 3170 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Household income in 2010 of private households 151 60890 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Median household total income ($) 55736 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Average household total income ($) 67737 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Median after-tax household income ($) 49361 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Average after-tax household income ($) 57475 ... ... Income of households in 2010 One-person private households 152 16155 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Median household total income ($) 28293 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Average household total income ($) 33599 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Median after-tax household income ($) 25732 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Average after-tax household income ($) 28860 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Two-or-more-persons private households 152 44735 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Median household total income ($) 68466 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Average household total income ($) 80065 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Median after-tax household income ($) 60211 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Average after-tax household income ($) 67809 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Population in private households for income status 153 140375 68000 72375 Income of individuals in 2010 Less than 18 years 26345 13260 13085 Income of individuals in 2010 Less than 6 years 8915 4285 4625 Income of individuals in 2010 18 to 64 years 93790 45695 48095 Income of individuals in 2010 65 years and over 20245 9050 11195 Income of individuals in 2010 In low income in 2010 based on after-tax low-income measure (LIM-AT) 20725 9160 11570 Income of individuals in 2010 Less than 18 years 4620 2480 2140 Income of individuals in 2010 Less than 6 years 1655 750 905 Income of individuals in 2010 18 to 64 years 12900 5635 7265 Income of individuals in 2010 65 years and over 3205 1040 2160 Income of individuals in 2010 Prevalence of low income in 2010 based on after-tax low-income measure (%) 14.8 13.5 16.0 Income of individuals in 2010 Less than 18 years (%) 17.5 18.7 16.4 Income of individuals in 2010 Less than 6 years (%) 18.6 17.5 19.6 Income of individuals in 2010 18 to 64 years (%) 13.8 12.3 15.1 Income of individuals in 2010 65 years and over (%) 15.8 11.5 19.3 Symbols: .. not available for a specific reference period ... not applicable x suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act Notes: 1. Citizenship refers to the legal citizenship status of a person. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless that is they may have no citizenship. 2. Includes persons who are stateless. 3. Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status. A landed immigrant/permanent resident refers to a person who has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities. 4. Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth. 5. Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10 2011. 6. Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10 2011. 7. Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit or who is a refugee claimant and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them. 8. Age at immigration refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant/permanent resident status. Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities. 9. The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level. 10. Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth. 11. Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10 2011. 12. The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland Wales England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories). 13. China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region. 14. The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam. 15. The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran. 16. The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea. 17. The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere such as 'born at sea.' 18. The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere such as 'born at sea.' 19. Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit or who is a refugee claimant and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them. 20. Recent immigrants are immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1 2006 and May 10 2011. Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada but a small number are born in Canada. The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level. 21. The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela. 22. The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova. 23. The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic. 24. Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation second generation or third generation or more. 25. 'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part these are people who are now or have ever been immigrants to Canada. 26. 'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part these are the children of immigrants. 27. 'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada. 28. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons other than Aboriginal peoples who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' 29. For example 'East Indian' 'Pakistani' 'Sri Lankan' etc. 30. For example 'Vietnamese' 'Cambodian' 'Malaysian' 'Laotian' etc. 31. For example 'Iranian' 'Afghan' etc. 32. The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese' 'West Indian' 'Tibetan' 'Polynesian' 'Pacific Islander' etc. 33. Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles e.g. 'Black' and 'South Asian.' 34. Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group. 35. This is a total population estimate.  The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the NHS. 36. Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g. 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Maritimer' 'Manitoban'). 37. Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g. 'British' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Celtic'). 38. Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g. 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Liechtensteiner'). 39. Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g. 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Faroese' 'Scandinavian'). 40. Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g. 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Baltic'). 41. Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g. 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Gibraltarian'). 42. Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g. 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Central European'). 43. Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g. 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Guadelupian' 'Aruban'). 44. Includes general responses indicating Latin Central or South American origins (e.g. 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Surinamese'). 45. Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g. 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Ewe' 'Wolof'). 46. Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g. 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Maghreb'). 47. Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g. 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Hutu' 'Shona'). 48. Some respondents may choose to provide very specific ethnic origins in the National Household Survey (NHS) while other respondents may choose to give more general responses. This means that two respondents with the same ethnic ancestry could have different response patterns and thus could be counted as having different ethnic origins. For example one respondent may report 'East Indian' ethnic origin while another respondent with a similar ancestral background may report 'Punjabi' or 'South Asian' origins; one respondent may report 'Black' while another similar respondent may report 'Ghanaian' or 'African.' As a result ethnic origin data are very fluid and counts for certain origins such as 'East Indian' and 'Black' may seem lower than initially expected. Users who wish to obtain broader response counts may wish to combine data for one or more ethnic origins together or use counts for ethnic categories such as 'South Asian origins' or 'African origins.' (Please note however that 'African origins' should not be considered equivalent to the 'Black' population group or visible minority status as there are persons reporting African origins who report a population group or visible minority status other than 'Black.' Conversely many people report a population group or visible minority status of 'Black' and do not report having 'African' origins. For information on population group and visible minority population in the 2011 NHS refer to the appropriate definitions in this publication.) 49. Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g. 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Saharan'). 50. Includes general responses indicating West Asian Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g. 'West Asian' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Baloch' 'Circassian'). 51. Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g. 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Bhutanese'). 52. Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g. 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Bruneian' 'Karen'). 53. Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g. 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Eurasian'). 54. Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g. 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Tahitian'). 55. Religion refers to the person's self-identification as having a connection or affiliation with any religious denomination group body sect cult or other religiously defined community or system of belief. Religion is not limited to formal membership in a religious organization or group. Persons without a religious connection or affiliation can self-identify as atheist agnostic or humanist or can provide another applicable response. 56. 'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person that is First Nations (North American Indian) Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act 1982 section 35 (2) as including the Indian Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. 57. Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011 there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide National Household Survey (NHS) 2011. 58. 'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian) Métis or Inuk (Inuit). 59. 'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian) Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band. 60. Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.' Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians. 61. This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ancestries in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ancestry (ethnic origin) in the National Household Survey. 62. 'Aboriginal ancestry' includes persons who reported one or more than one of First Nations (North American Indian) Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17 either with or without also reporting a non-Aboriginal ancestry. The sum of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry' 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' is thus greater than the sum of the total for 'Aboriginal ancestry' because persons who reported more than one Aboriginal ancestry are included in the response category for each Aboriginal ancestry they reported. All respondents with Aboriginal ancestry are counted in at least one of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry' 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' and also in the category 'Aboriginal ancestry.' Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act 1982 section 35 (2) as including the Indian Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the respondent's ancestors an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin. 63. 'Non-Aboriginal ancestry only' includes persons who did not report First Nations (North American Indian) Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17. 64. Refers to languages other than English or French in which the respondent can conduct a conversation. The category 'Non-official languages spoken' represents the sum of single language responses and multiple language responses received in the National Household Survey. Hence this total is greater than the total population. 65. Cree languages include the following categories: Cree not otherwise specified (which refers to those who reported 'Cree') Swampy Cree Plains Cree Woods Cree and a category labelled 'Cree not included elsewhere' (which includes Moose Cree Northern East Cree and Southern East Cree). 66. This is a subtotal of all Aboriginal languages collected on May 10 2011 that are not displayed separately here. 67. This is a subtotal of all non-Aboriginal languages other than English or French collected on May 10 2011 that are not displayed separately here. 68. Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day May 10 2011 in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city town township village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city town township village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date. 69. Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day May 10 2011 in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city town township village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city town township village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date. 70. 'Highest certificate diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom. For further definitions refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection dissemination or data quality for this variable refer to the Education Reference Guide National Household Survey Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006. 71. 'High school diploma or equivalent' includes persons who have graduated from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate diploma or degree. 72. 'Postsecondary certificate diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas' 'college CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates diplomas and degrees. 73. 'Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma' includes Registered Apprenticeship certificates (including Certificate of Qualification Journeyperson's designation) and other trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges institutes of technology vocational centres and similar institutions. 74. Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' was over-reported in the NHS. This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g. university transfer programs bachelor's programs completed in other countries incomplete bachelor's programs non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' category with caution. 75. 'University certificate diploma or degree above bachelor level' includes the categories 'University certificate or diploma above bachelor level' 'Degree in medicine dentistry veterinary medicine or optometry' 'Master's degree' and 'Earned doctorate.' 76. 'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings' a CIP variant. For more information on the CIP classification see the Classification of Instructional Programs Canada 2011 Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm. For any comments on collection dissemination or data quality for this variable refer to the Education Reference Guide National Household Survey Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006. 77. 'No postsecondary certificate diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed a registered apprenticeship certificate (including Certificate of Qualification Journeyperson's designation) or other trades certificate or diploma a college CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma or a university certificate diploma or degree. 78. Called 'Health parks recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000. 79. Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies other.' 80. 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence' indicates whether the 'Location of study' is the same as the province or territory of residence in 2011 a different Canadian province or territory or outside Canada. 'Location of study' refers to the province territory or country of the institution where the highest certificate diploma or degree above the high school level was completed. Users should be aware that some respondents may have reported the physical location of study rather than the location of the certificate diploma or degree-granting institution. This could affect the responses of those who obtained a certificate diploma or degree through a joint program or by distance learning with credentials granted in another province or country. In particular a number of persons reported a location of study for a university credential in one of the territories (Yukon Northwest Territories Nunavut) even though there were no educational institutions in the territories with the authority to grant university degrees. For any other comments on collection dissemination or data quality for this variable or 'Location of study' refer to the Education Reference Guide National Household Survey Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006. 81. Population by language used most often at work . Refers to the language used most often at work as reported on May 10 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1 2010. 82. Cree languages include the following categories: Cree not otherwise specified (which refers to those who reported 'Cree') Swampy Cree Plains Cree Woods Cree and a category labelled 'Cree not included elsewhere' (which includes Moose Cree Northern East Cree and Southern East Cree). 83. Refers to whether a person was employed unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday May 1 to Saturday May 7 2011. In the past this variable was called Labour force activity. 84. Refers to whether an employed person is an employee or is self-employed. The self-employed include persons with or without a business as well as unpaid family workers.  85. Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1 2010 only. 86. Experienced labour force refers to persons who during the week of Sunday May 1 to Saturday May 7 2011 were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011. 87. Includes self-employed with an incorporated business and self-employed with an unincorporated business. Also included among the self-employed are unpaid family workers. 88. Refers to the kind of work performed by persons during the week of Sunday May 1 to Saturday May 7 2011 as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The 2011 National Household Survey occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2011.  89. Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1 2010 only. 90. Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007. 91. Refers to the number of weeks in which a person worked for pay or in self-employment in 2010 at all jobs held even if only for a few hours and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week). 92. Includes persons who never worked persons who worked prior to 2010 only or persons who worked in 2011 only. 93. Refers to persons who worked for pay or in self-employment in 2010. These persons were asked to report whether the weeks they worked in 2010 were full-time weeks (30 hours or more per week) or not on the basis of all jobs held. Persons with a part-time job for part of the year and a full-time job for another part of the year were to report the information for the job at which they worked the most weeks. 94. Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home worked outside Canada had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work). 95. Refers to the main mode of transportation a respondent uses to travel between his or her home and his or her place of work. 96. Refers to how many minutes it took for a person to travel from home to work. Median commuting duration is the value which divides the commuting duration into two equal halves i.e. the commuting duration of individuals for the first half is below the median while the commuting distance of individuals for the second half is above the median. 97. Time at which a respondent usually leaves home to go to work. 98. Condition of dwelling - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions. 99. Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. 100. Includes data up to May 10 2011. 101. Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms halls vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g. L-shaped dining room and living room arrangements). 102. Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now even if they were not originally built as bedrooms such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition one-room private dwellings such as studio apartments have zero bedrooms. 103. Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling or whether the dwelling is band housing (on an Indian reserve or settlement). 104. Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others. 105. Household maintainer - Refers to whether or not a person residing in the household is responsible for paying the rent or the mortgage or the taxes or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making such payments the reference person is identified by default. 106. Primary household maintainer - First person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent or the mortgage or the taxes or the electricity bill and so on for the dwelling. The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which the respondent lists the persons on the questionnaire. Generally an adult is listed first followed if applicable by that person's spouse or common-law partner and by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by the person. Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date that is before May 10 2011. 107. Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling. 108. Housing suitability - Housing suitability refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms as calculated using the National Occupancy Standard. Housing suitability assesses the required number of bedrooms for a household based on the age sex and relationships among household members. An alternative variable the number of persons per room considers all rooms in a private dwelling and the number of household members. Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies. 109. Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Percentage of a household's average total monthly income which is spent on shelter-related expenses. Those expenses include the monthly rent (for tenants) or the mortgage payment property taxes and condominium fees (for owners) and the costs of electricity heat municipal services etc. The percentage is calculated by dividing the total shelter-related expenses by the household's total monthly income and multiplying the result by 100. Includes owner and tenant households in non-farm non-reserve private dwellings with household total income greater than zero in 2010 (i.e. excludes negative or zero household total income). The relatively high shelter costs to household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2011 while household total income is reported for the year 2010. As well for some households the 2010 household total income may represent income for only part of a year. Household total income - The total income of a household is the sum of the total incomes of all members of that household. Total income refers to the total of income from all sources including employment income income from government programs pension income investment income and any other money income before income taxes and deductions during the calendar year 2010. 110. Presence of mortgage - Refers to whether the owner households reported mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling. 111. Shelter-cost-to-income ratio for owner households - Percentage of an owner household's average total monthly income which is spent on shelter-related expenses. Those expenses include the mortgage payment property taxes and condominium fees and the costs of electricity heat municipal services etc. The percentage is calculated by dividing the total shelter-related expenses by the household's total monthly income and multiplying the result by 100. Includes owner households in non-farm non-reserve private dwellings with household total income greater than zero in 2010 (i.e. excludes negative or zero household total income). The relatively high shelter costs to household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2011 while household total income is reported for the year 2010. As well for some households the 2010 household total income may represent income for only part of a year. Household total income - The total income of a household is the sum of the total incomes of all members of that household. Total income refers to the total of income from all sources including employment income income from government programs pension income investment income and any other money income before income taxes and deductions during the calendar year 2010. 112. Shelter cost for owned dwellings - Includes all shelter expenses paid by households that own their dwellings such as the mortgage payment and the costs of electricity heat water and other municipal services property taxes and condominium fees. 113. Value of dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the dwelling were to be sold. 114. Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income social housing public housing government-assisted housing non-profit housing rent supplements and housing allowances. 115. Shelter-cost-to-income ratio for tenant households - Percentage of a tenant household's average total monthly income which is spent on shelter-related expenses. Those expenses include the monthly rent and the costs of electricity heat municipal services etc. The percentage is calculated by dividing the total shelter-related expenses by the household's total monthly income and multiplying the result by 100. Includes tenant households in non-farm non-reserve private dwellings with household total income greater than zero in 2010 (i.e. excludes negative or zero household total income). The relatively high shelter costs to household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2011 while household total income is reported for the year 2010. As well for some households the 2010 household total income may represent income for only part of a year. Household total income - The total income of a household is the sum of the total incomes of all members of that household. Total income refers to the total of income from all sources including employment income income from government programs pension income investment income and any other money income before income taxes and deductions during the calendar year 2010. 116. Shelter costs for rented dwellings - Includes all shelter expenses paid by households that rent their dwellings such as the monthly rent and the costs of electricity heat and municipal services. 117. Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources before income taxes and deductions during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages salaries tips commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources such as social assistance child benefits employment insurance old age security pension Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources such as dividends and interest on bonds accounts GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income such as child support payments received spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts such as lottery winnings gambling winnings cash inheritances lump sum insurance settlements capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans Canada and Quebec pension plans and employment insurance. Finally voluntary inter-household transfers imputed rent goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition. Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves i.e. the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g. males aged 45 to 54 years). Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g. males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group. Median and average of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative). Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date that is before May 10 2011. 118. Including loss. 119. For population with income. 120. After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010. Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves i.e. the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g. males aged 45 to 54 years). Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g. males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group. Median and average of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative). Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date that is before May 10 2011. 121. Including loss. 122. For population with after-tax income. 123. Composition of income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area. Total income - Total of income from all sources including employment income income from government programs pension income investment income and any other money income. Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date that is before May 10 2011. 124. Market income - Refers to the sum of employment income (wages and salaries net farm income and net income from non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice) investment income retirement pensions superannuation and annuities (including those from RRSPs and RRIFs) and other money income. It is equivalent to total income before tax minus all government transfers and is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes. 125. Earnings or employment income - Total wages and salaries and net income from self-employment. 126. Wages and salaries - Refers to gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income tax pensions and Employment Insurance. Included in this source are military pay and allowances tips commissions and cash bonuses benefits from wage-loss replacement plans or income-maintenance insurance plans supplementary unemployment benefits from an employer or union as well as all types of casual earnings during calendar year 2010. Other employment income such as taxable benefits research grants and royalties are included. 127. Self-employment net income - Refers to the total amount received by persons aged 15 years and over during calendar year 2010 as net farm income from self-employment or net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice. Net farm income - Refers to net income (gross receipts from farm sales minus depreciation and cost of operation) received during calendar year 2010 from the operation of a farm either on the respondent's own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships only the respondent's share of income was reported. Included with gross receipts are cash advances received in 2010 dividends from cooperatives rebates and farm-support payments to farmers from federal provincial and regional agricultural programs (for example milk subsidies and marketing board payments) and gross insurance proceeds such as payments from the AgriInvest and AgriStability programs. The value of income 'in kind' such as agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm is excluded. Net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice - Refers to net income (gross receipts minus expenses of operation such as wages rents and depreciation) received during calendar year 2010 from the respondent's non-farm unincorporated business or professional practice. In the case of partnerships only the respondent's share was reported. Also included is net income from persons babysitting in their own homes persons providing room and board to non-relatives self-employed fishers hunters and trappers operators of direct distributorships such as those selling and delivering cosmetics as well as freelance activities of artists writers music teachers hairdressers dressmakers etc. 128. Investment income - Refers to interest received during calendar year 2010 from deposits in banks trust companies cooperatives credit unions caisses populaires etc. as well as interest on savings certificates bonds and debentures and all dividends from both Canadian and foreign corporate stocks and mutual funds. Also included is other investment income from either Canadian or foreign sources such as net rents from real estate mortgage and loan interest received regular income from an estate or trust fund and interest from insurance policies. Does not include capital gains or losses. 129. Retirement pensions - Refers to all regular income received by the respondent during calendar year 2010 as the result of having been a member of a pension plan of one or more employers. It includes payments received from all annuities including payments from a Registered Retirement Income Fund (RRIF) a matured Registered Retirement Savings Plan (RRSP) in the form of a life annuity a fixed-term annuity or an income-averaging annuity contract; pensions paid to widow(er)s or other relatives of deceased pensioners; pensions of retired civil servants Armed Forces personnel and Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) officers; annuity payments received from the Canadian Government Annuities Fund an insurance company etc. Does not include lump-sum death benefits lump-sum benefits or withdrawals from a pension plan or RRSP or refunds of over-contributions. 130. Other money income - Refers to regular cash income received during calendar year 2010 and not reported in any of the other sources listed on the questionnaire. For example severance pay and retirement allowances alimony child support periodic support from other persons not in the household income from abroad (excluding dividends and interest) non refundable scholarships bursaries fellowships and study grants and artists' project grants are included. 131. Government transfer payments - Refers to all cash benefits received from federal provincial territorial or municipal governments during 2010. This variable is derived by summing the amounts reported in: the Old Age Security pension and Guaranteed Income Supplement Allowance and Allowance for the Survivor; benefits from Canada Pension Plan or Quebec Pension Plan; benefits from Employment Insurance; child benefits; other income from government sources. 132. Benefits from Canada or Quebec pension plan - Refers to benefits received during calendar year 2010 from the Canada or Quebec Pension Plan (For example retirement pensions survivors' benefits and disability pensions). Does not include lump-sum death benefits. 133. Old Age Security pensions and Guaranteed Income Supplement - Refers to Old Age Security pensions and Guaranteed Income Supplements paid to persons aged 65 years and over and to the Allowance or Allowance for the survivor paid to 60- to 64-year-old spouses of old age security recipients or widow(er)s by the federal government during the calendar year 2010. 134. Benefits from employment insurance - Refers to total Employment Insurance benefits received during calendar year 2010 before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment sickness maternity paternity adoption work sharing retraining and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal Employment Insurance Program or the Quebec Parental Insurance Program. 135. Child benefits - Refers to payments received under the Canada Child Tax Benefit program during calendar year 2010 by parents with dependent children under 18 years of age. Included with the Canada Child Tax Benefit is the National Child Benefit Supplement (NCBS) for low-income families with children. The NCBS is the federal contribution to the National Child Benefit (NCB) a joint initiative of federal provincial and territorial governments. Also included in this variable are child benefits child disability benefits and earned income supplements provided by certain provinces and territories and the Universal Child Care Benefit (UCCB). 136. Other income from government sources - Refers to all transfer payments excluding those covered as a separate income source (Canada Pension Plan or Quebec Pension Plan benefits Old Age Security pensions and Guaranteed Income Supplements Employment Insurance benefits and child benefits) received from federal provincial territorial or municipal programs during 2010. 137. Income tax paid - Refers to all federal provincial and territorial taxes paid on 2010 income. Federal provincial and territorial taxes paid refer to taxes on income after taking into account exemptions deductions non-refundable tax credits and the Quebec abatement. These taxes are obtained from the income tax files for persons who allowed access to their income tax data and from direct responses on the questionnaire for others. 138. After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal provincial and territorial taxes paid for 2010. 139. Net capital gains or losses - Refers to the net gains received or losses incurred during calendar year 2010 from the sale of capital property. This represents the proceeds of disposition minus the adjusted cost base of the property and outlays and expenses incurred to sell the property. Capital property includes depreciable property and any property which if sold would result in a capital gain or loss (for example cottages buildings and securities such as mutual funds). Non-taxable capital gains or losses on the sale of a principal residence are excluded. Net capital gains or losses are not included in the definition of Total income as published in standard products. Net capital gains or losses are not included in the concept of total income but are expressed here as a percentage to obtain a relative measure of size. 140. Earnings or employment income - Refers to total income received by persons 15 years of age and over during calendar year 2010 as wages and salaries net income from a non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice and/or net farm self-employment income. Wages and salaries - Refers to gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income tax pensions and Employment Insurance. Included in this source are military pay and allowances tips commissions and cash bonuses benefits from wage-loss replacement plans or income-maintenance insurance plans supplementary unemployment benefits from an employer or union as well as all types of casual earnings during calendar year 2010. Other employment income such as taxable benefits research grants and royalties are included. Net non-farm income from unincorporated business or professional practice - Refers to net income (gross receipts minus expenses of operation such as wages rents and depreciation) received during calendar year 2010 from the respondent's non-farm unincorporated business or professional practice. In the case of partnerships only the respondent's share was reported. Also included is net income from persons babysitting in their own homes persons providing room and board to non-relatives self-employed fishers hunters and trappers operators of direct distributorships such as those selling and delivering cosmetics as well as freelance activities of artists writers music teachers hairdressers dressmakers etc. Net farm income - Refers to net income (gross receipts from farm sales minus depreciation and cost of operation) received during calendar year 2010 from the operation of a farm either on the respondent's own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships only the respondent's share of income was reported. Included with gross receipts are cash advances received in 2010 dividends from cooperatives rebates and farm-support payments to farmers from federal provincial and regional agricultural programs (for example milk subsidies and marketing board payments) and gross insurance proceeds such as payments from the AgriInvest and AgriStability programs. The value of income 'in kind' such as agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm is excluded. Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution ranked by size of income into two halves i.e. the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the unrounded number of individuals (e.g. males aged 45 to 54 years) with income in that group. Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g. males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group. Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative). The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics for earnings. Work activity in 2010 - Refers to the number of weeks in which a person worked for pay or in self-employment in 2010 at all jobs held even if only for a few hours and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week). Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date that is before May 10 2011. 141. Economic family total income - The total income of an economic family is the sum of the total incomes of all members of that family. Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources before income taxes and deductions during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages salaries tips commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources such as social assistance child benefits employment insurance old age security pension Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources such as dividends and interest on bonds accounts GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income such as child support payments received spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts such as lottery winnings gambling winnings cash inheritances lump sum insurance settlements capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans Canada and Quebec pension plans and employment insurance. Finally voluntary inter-household transfers imputed rent goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition. After-tax income of economic families - The after-tax income of an economic family is the sum of the after-tax incomes of all members of that family. After-tax income of family members or persons not in families refers to total income from all sources minus federal provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010. Median income of economic families - The median income of a specified group of families is that amount which divides their income size distribution ranked by size of income into two halves. That is the incomes of the first half of the families are below the median while those of the second half are above the median. Median incomes of families are normally calculated for all units in the specified group whether or not they reported income. Average income of economic families - Average income of economic families refers to the weighted mean total income of families in 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of families (for example husband-wife families with working wives) by the number of families in that group whether or not they reported income. The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics on the after-tax income of economic families. Economic family - Refers to a group of two or more persons who live in the same dwelling and are related to each other by blood marriage common-law adoption or a foster relationship. A couple may be of opposite or same sex. 142. Economic family structure - Refers to the classification of economic families as couple families lone-parent families or other economic families. Couple families - Those in which a member of either a married or common-law couple is the economic family reference person. Lone-parent families - Those in which either a male or female lone parent is the economic family reference person. Other economic families - Those in which the economic family reference person has other relatives but does not have a married spouse or common-law partner or a child in their census family. 143. Economic family structure - Refers to the classification of economic families as couple families lone-parent families or other economic families. Couple families - Those in which a member of either a married or common-law couple is the economic family reference person. Lone-parent families - Those in which either a male or female lone parent is the economic family reference person. Other economic families - Those in which the economic family reference person has other relatives but does not have a married spouse or common-law partner or a child in their census family. Presence of children - Refers to the number of children in private households by age groups. To be included children must live in the same household as the family without a married spouse common-law partner or one or more of their children living in the same household. In a census family they may be children by birth marriage or adoption. In an economic family foster children are also included. 144. Economic family structure - Refers to the classification of economic families as couple families lone-parent families or other economic families. Couple families - Those in which a member of either a married or common-law couple is the economic family reference person. Lone-parent families - Those in which either a male or female lone parent is the economic family reference person. Other economic families - Those in which the economic family reference person has other relatives but does not have a married spouse or common-law partner or a child in their census family. 145. Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources before income taxes and deductions during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages salaries tips commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources such as social assistance child benefits employment insurance old age security pension Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources such as dividends and interest on bonds accounts GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income such as child support payments received spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts such as lottery winnings gambling winnings cash inheritances lump sum insurance settlements capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans Canada and Quebec pension plans and employment insurance. Finally voluntary inter-household transfers imputed rent goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition. After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010. Median income of persons not in economic families - The median income of a specified group of persons not in economic families (for example males aged 55 to 64) is that amount which divides their income size distribution ranked by size of income into two halves. That is the incomes of the first half of the persons are below the median while those of the second half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in economic families are normally calculated for all units in the specified group whether or not they reported income. Average income of persons not in economic families - Average income of persons not in economic families refers to the weighted mean total income of the persons not in economic families in 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of persons not in economic families by the number of persons in that group whether or not they reported income. The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics on the after-tax income of persons not in economic families. Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date that is before May 10 2011. Economic family persons refer to two or more household members who are related to each other by blood marriage common-law adoption or a foster relationship and thereby constitute an economic family. Persons not in economic families refer to household members who do not belong to an economic family including persons living alone. 146. Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero). 147. Calculation includes persons not in economic families without after-tax income (with an after-tax income of zero). 148. Adjusted after-tax income for economic families and persons not in economic families - For economic family members this refers to economic family after-tax income that has been adjusted by a factor that accounts for family size. The adjustment factor takes into account the lower relative needs of additional family members as compared to a single person living alone. For use with the NHS income data the adjusted after-tax income is computed as the economic family after-tax income divided by the square root of family size. For persons not in economic families the adjusted after-tax income is set at after-tax income. This is equivalent to a factor of 1.0 for a person not in an economic family. Decile of adjusted after-tax family income - The deciles divide the population ranked by size of adjusted after-tax family income into 10 groups of equal size. The population in the bottom decile is the one who falls in the lower 10 percent of the adjusted after-tax family income distribution. The population in the top decile is the one who falls in the highest ten percent of the adjusted after-tax family income distribution. The 10 groups were formed with the full population in private households of Canada whether or not they reported income. 149. Household total income - The total income of a household is the sum of the total incomes of all members of that household. Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources before income taxes and deductions during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages salaries tips commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources such as social assistance child benefits employment insurance old age security pension Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources such as dividends and interest on bonds accounts GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income such as child support payments received spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts such as lottery winnings gambling winnings cash inheritances lump sum insurance settlements capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans Canada and Quebec pension plans and employment insurance. Finally voluntary inter-household transfers imputed rent goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition. Household private - Refers to a person or a group of persons (other than foreign residents) who occupy the same private dwelling and do not have a usual place of residence elsewhere in Canada. Household members who are temporarily absent on May 10 2011 (e.g. temporarily residing elsewhere) are considered as part of their usual household. Every person is a member of one and only one household. 150. After-tax income of households - The after-tax income of a household is the sum of the after-tax incomes of all members of that household. After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010. Household private - Refers to a person or a group of persons (other than foreign residents) who occupy the same private dwelling and do not have a usual place of residence elsewhere in Canada. Household members who are temporarily absent on May 10 2011 (e.g. temporarily residing elsewhere) are considered as part of their usual household. Every person is a member of one and only one household. 151. Household total income - The total income of a household is the sum of the total incomes of all members of that household. After-tax income of households - The after-tax income of a household is the sum of the after-tax incomes of all members of that household. Total income - Total of income from all sources including employment income income from government programs pension income investment income and any other money income. After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010. Median income of households - The median income of a specified group of households is that amount which divides their income size distribution ranked by size of income into two halves. That is the incomes of the first half of the households are below the median while those of the second half are above the median. Median incomes of households are normally calculated for all units in the specified group whether or not they reported income. Average income of households - Average income of households refers to the weighted mean total income of households in 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of households (for example two person households) by the number of households in that specific group whether or not they reported income. The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics on the after-tax income of households. Household private - Refers to a person or a group of persons (other than foreign residents) who occupy the same private dwelling and do not have a usual place of residence elsewhere in Canada. Household members who are temporarily absent on May 10 2011 (e.g. temporarily residing elsewhere) are considered as part of their usual household. Every person is a member of one and only one household. 152. Household size - Refers to the number of usual residents in a private household. 153. Income status can be measured in several different ways in household surveys. For the standard products of the National Household Survey the line chosen is a relative measure: the after-tax low-income measure (LIM-AT). For this measure the income used is after-tax income of households. There are no regional variations to account for prices or cost of living differences: all applicable households in Canada face the same line adjusted for household size. This line is set at half the median of adjusted household after-tax income. To account for potential economies of scale the income of households with more than one member is divided by the square root of the size of the household. All household members are considered to share the household income and are attributed the same income status. Note: Low-income estimates in the 2011 National Household Survey. For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) low-income statistics are presented based on the after-tax low-income measure (LIM-AT). This measure is not related to the low-income cut-offs (LICO) presented in the 2006 Census and prevalence rates are conceptually not comparable. Because of the sensitivity of certain income indicators to differences in methodology and response patterns direct comparisons to establish trends with low-income estimates from other household surveys administrative programs or the 2006 Census are discouraged. The prevalence rates observed in the NHS at the national level are generally 1 to 2 percentage points higher than seen for similar concepts in other programs. However analysis of the NHS data suggests that it is valid to compare low-income data for different sub-populations within the NHS (i.e. for different geographic areas or demographic groups). For more information refer to the Income Reference Guide National Household Survey Catalogue no. 99-014-X2011006. Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date that is before May 10 2011. Source: Statistics Canada; 2011 National Household Survey. How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2013. National Household Survey Profile. 2011 National Household Survey. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 99-004-XWE. Ottawa. Released June 26 2013. http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E