Vaudreuil-Soulanges (Census division) GNR=19.0 Topic Characteristics Note Total Flag_Total Male Flag_Male Female Flag_Female Citizenship Total population in private households by citizenship 1 137880 68455 69420 Citizenship Canadian citizens 134635 66975 67660 Citizenship Canadian citizens aged under 18 33155 16725 16430 Citizenship Canadian citizens aged 18 and over 101485 50255 51235 Citizenship Not Canadian citizens 2 3245 1480 1760 Immigrant status and period of immigration Total population in private households by immigrant status and period of immigration 3 137880 68455 69420 Immigrant status and period of immigration Non-immigrants 4 122690 60780 61905 Immigrant status and period of immigration Immigrants 5 14755 7460 7295 Immigrant status and period of immigration Before 1971 2665 1475 1195 Immigrant status and period of immigration 1971 to 1980 2100 1125 980 Immigrant status and period of immigration 1981 to 1990 1975 970 1005 Immigrant status and period of immigration 1991 to 2000 3205 1635 1575 Immigrant status and period of immigration 2001 to 2011 6 4810 2265 2545 Immigrant status and period of immigration 2001 to 2005 3045 1490 1550 Immigrant status and period of immigration 2006 to 2011 6 1765 770 995 Immigrant status and period of immigration Non-permanent residents 7 440 220 220 Age at immigration Total immigrant population in private households by age at immigration 8 14755 7460 7290 Age at immigration Under 5 years 1835 945 890 Age at immigration 5 to 14 years 2740 1480 1255 Age at immigration 15 to 24 years 3030 1380 1655 Age at immigration 25 to 44 years 6380 3320 3065 Age at immigration 45 years and over 765 340 430 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Total population in private households by immigrant status and selected places of birth 9 137880 68455 69420 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Non-immigrants 10 122685 60780 61905 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Born in province of residence 113785 56620 57160 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Born outside province of residence 8905 4155 4750 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Immigrants 11 14750 7460 7295 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Americas 2620 1200 1420 Immigrant status and selected places of birth United States 560 210 345 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Jamaica 85 45 40 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Guyana 170 65 100 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Haiti 305 165 140 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Mexico 185 70 115 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Trinidad and Tobago 250 60 190 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Colombia 220 115 100 Immigrant status and selected places of birth El Salvador 60 45 20 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Peru 105 40 65 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Chile 105 65 35 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Other places of birth in Americas 575 320 260 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Europe 6710 3515 3195 Immigrant status and selected places of birth United Kingdom 12 1500 780 720 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Italy 400 235 160 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Germany 425 165 260 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Poland 585 300 285 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Portugal 245 115 125 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Netherlands 160 85 75 Immigrant status and selected places of birth France 1050 570 485 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Romania 870 415 455 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Russian Federation 250 115 130 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Greece 145 115 30 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Ukraine 110 55 55 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Croatia 20 0 0 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Hungary 110 75 35 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Bosnia and Herzegovina 0 0 0 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Serbia 0 0 0 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Ireland; Republic of 45 15 25 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Other places of birth in Europe 795 450 345 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Africa 1830 1055 770 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Morocco 455 260 195 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Algeria 325 175 145 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Egypt 250 160 90 Immigrant status and selected places of birth South Africa; Republic of 30 30 0 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Nigeria 45 30 15 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Ethiopia 0 0 0 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Kenya 0 0 0 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Other places of birth in Africa 705 390 315 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Asia 3565 1675 1885 Immigrant status and selected places of birth India 665 300 365 Immigrant status and selected places of birth China 13 410 155 255 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Philippines 550 230 325 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Hong Kong Special Administrative Region 35 0 30 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Viet Nam 14 155 45 105 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Pakistan 175 95 80 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Sri Lanka 395 195 195 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Iran 15 165 80 80 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Korea; South 16 80 30 55 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Lebanon 300 185 115 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Taiwan 10 0 0 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Iraq 0 0 0 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Bangladesh 55 0 35 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Afghanistan 20 15 0 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Japan 25 0 20 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Turkey 35 20 0 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Other places of birth in Asia 480 270 210 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Oceania and other 17 25 0 0 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Fiji 0 0 0 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Other places of birth 18 25 0 0 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Non-permanent residents 19 435 215 220 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Total recent immigrant population in private households by selected places of birth 20 1765 775 995 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Americas 370 170 195 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth United States 110 35 75 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Mexico 30 0 30 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Cuba 15 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Haiti 25 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Jamaica 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Brazil 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Colombia 90 60 25 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Guyana 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Peru 25 15 10 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Venezuela 21 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Other places of birth in Americas 45 25 20 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Europe 595 275 315 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth France 180 75 95 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Germany 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Poland 25 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Romania 90 45 45 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Moldova 22 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Russian Federation 30 0 20 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Ukraine 35 0 20 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth United Kingdom 12 130 60 70 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Other places of birth in Europe 85 45 35 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Africa 230 95 130 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Nigeria 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Ethiopia 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Mauritius 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Somalia 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Algeria 35 0 30 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Egypt 40 20 20 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Morocco 40 0 25 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Tunisia 30 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Cameroon 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Congo; The Democratic Republic of the 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth South Africa; Republic of 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Other places of birth in Africa 45 30 15 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Asia 575 225 350 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Philippines 55 25 35 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth China 13 100 30 75 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth India 60 25 40 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Pakistan 55 25 20 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Iran 15 60 0 40 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth South Korea 16 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Sri Lanka 55 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Iraq 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Bangladesh 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Lebanon 95 55 50 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Viet Nam 14 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Taiwan 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Afghanistan 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Japan 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Turkey 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Israel 35 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Nepal 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Hong Kong Special Administrative Region 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth United Arab Emirates 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Saudi Arabia 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Syria 23 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Other places of birth in Asia 20 0 20 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Oceania and other 17 0 0 0 Generation status Total population in private households by generation status 24 137880 68460 69420 Generation status First generation 25 15465 7840 7625 Generation status Second generation 26 16510 8500 8010 Generation status Third generation or more 27 105905 52115 53785 Visible minority population Total population in private households by visible minority 137880 68455 69425 Visible minority population Total visible minority population 28 11125 5630 5495 Visible minority population South Asian 29 2700 1395 1305 Visible minority population Chinese 975 385 590 Visible minority population Black 2715 1430 1290 Visible minority population Filipino 960 480 485 Visible minority population Latin American 1000 520 485 Visible minority population Arab 1275 710 565 Visible minority population Southeast Asian 30 525 245 285 Visible minority population West Asian 31 235 145 95 Visible minority population Korean 120 55 65 Visible minority population Japanese 65 20 50 Visible minority population Visible minority; n.i.e. 32 220 90 130 Visible minority population Multiple visible minorities 33 325 165 160 Visible minority population Not a visible minority 34 126755 62830 63925 Ethnic origin population Total population in private households by ethnic origins 35 137880 68460 69420 Ethnic origin population North American Aboriginal origins 5070 2580 2495 Ethnic origin population First Nations (North American Indian) 4630 2335 2295 Ethnic origin population Inuit 85 60 30 Ethnic origin population Métis 390 215 175 Ethnic origin population Other North American origins 80685 39925 40755 Ethnic origin population Acadian 555 205 350 Ethnic origin population American 995 465 530 Ethnic origin population Canadian 77355 38390 38960 Ethnic origin population New Brunswicker 20 0 0 Ethnic origin population Newfoundlander 20 0 15 Ethnic origin population Nova Scotian 15 0 0 Ethnic origin population Ontarian 30 0 30 Ethnic origin population Québécois 2925 1390 1535 Ethnic origin population Other North American origins; n.i.e. 36 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population European origins 75810 37580 38230 Ethnic origin population British Isles origins 28570 13950 14625 Ethnic origin population Channel Islander 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Cornish 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population English 12040 5750 6290 Ethnic origin population Irish 14605 7140 7470 Ethnic origin population Manx 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Scottish 9275 4440 4835 Ethnic origin population Welsh 665 345 320 Ethnic origin population British Isles origins; n.i.e. 37 2455 1100 1355 Ethnic origin population French origins 41985 20620 21365 Ethnic origin population Alsatian 35 20 15 Ethnic origin population Breton 120 75 40 Ethnic origin population French 41870 20550 21320 Ethnic origin population Western European origins (except French origins) 9145 4350 4790 Ethnic origin population Austrian 800 370 430 Ethnic origin population Belgian 1350 720 635 Ethnic origin population Dutch 1510 635 880 Ethnic origin population Flemish 45 30 0 Ethnic origin population Frisian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population German 5540 2625 2915 Ethnic origin population Luxembourger 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Swiss 625 295 330 Ethnic origin population Western European origins; n.i.e. 38 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Northern European origins (except British Isles origins) 1150 530 625 Ethnic origin population Danish 215 110 100 Ethnic origin population Finnish 255 90 170 Ethnic origin population Icelandic 45 10 35 Ethnic origin population Norwegian 250 95 150 Ethnic origin population Swedish 430 235 195 Ethnic origin population Northern European origins; n.i.e. 39 15 0 0 Ethnic origin population Eastern European origins 7360 3685 3680 Ethnic origin population Bulgarian 170 70 100 Ethnic origin population Byelorussian 20 0 0 Ethnic origin population Czech 315 135 180 Ethnic origin population Czechoslovakian; n.o.s. 70 25 45 Ethnic origin population Estonian 70 40 35 Ethnic origin population Hungarian 965 520 445 Ethnic origin population Latvian 130 110 20 Ethnic origin population Lithuanian 255 145 110 Ethnic origin population Moldovan 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Polish 2470 1240 1235 Ethnic origin population Romanian 1435 720 725 Ethnic origin population Russian 975 470 500 Ethnic origin population Slovak 135 60 80 Ethnic origin population Ukrainian 1520 720 805 Ethnic origin population Eastern European origins; n.i.e. 40 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Southern European origins 11195 5795 5400 Ethnic origin population Albanian 70 40 25 Ethnic origin population Bosnian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Croatian 240 120 125 Ethnic origin population Cypriot 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Greek 1420 790 625 Ethnic origin population Italian 6575 3355 3220 Ethnic origin population Kosovar 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Macedonian 30 0 25 Ethnic origin population Maltese 80 35 50 Ethnic origin population Montenegrin 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Portuguese 1450 760 690 Ethnic origin population Serbian 30 25 0 Ethnic origin population Sicilian 35 0 30 Ethnic origin population Slovenian 65 45 15 Ethnic origin population Spanish 1825 915 905 Ethnic origin population Yugoslavian; n.o.s. 110 40 70 Ethnic origin population Southern European origins; n.i.e. 41 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Other European origins 1030 530 495 Ethnic origin population Basque 30 0 20 Ethnic origin population Jewish 860 435 425 Ethnic origin population Roma (Gypsy) 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Slavic; n.o.s. 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Other European origins; n.i.e. 42 130 85 50 Ethnic origin population Caribbean origins 2035 1035 1000 Ethnic origin population Antiguan 10 0 0 Ethnic origin population Bahamian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Barbadian 150 105 50 Ethnic origin population Bermudan 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Carib 20 0 0 Ethnic origin population Cuban 140 60 75 Ethnic origin population Dominican 100 60 45 Ethnic origin population Grenadian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Haitian 680 370 310 Ethnic origin population Jamaican 275 145 135 Ethnic origin population Kittitian/Nevisian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Martinican 20 15 0 Ethnic origin population Montserratan 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Puerto Rican 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population St. Lucian 15 0 15 Ethnic origin population Trinidadian/Tobagonian 340 145 195 Ethnic origin population Vincentian/Grenadinian 105 55 50 Ethnic origin population West Indian; n.o.s. 185 85 105 Ethnic origin population Caribbean origins; n.i.e. 43 30 15 15 Ethnic origin population Latin; Central and South American origins 1580 785 795 Ethnic origin population Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Maya) 45 30 20 Ethnic origin population Argentinian 60 30 30 Ethnic origin population Belizean 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Bolivian 55 0 40 Ethnic origin population Brazilian 65 40 30 Ethnic origin population Chilean 160 85 70 Ethnic origin population Colombian 335 160 175 Ethnic origin population Costa Rican 25 25 0 Ethnic origin population Ecuadorian 25 0 15 Ethnic origin population Guatemalan 45 30 15 Ethnic origin population Guyanese 110 60 45 Ethnic origin population Hispanic 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Honduran 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Maya 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Mexican 275 130 145 Ethnic origin population Nicaraguan 20 0 15 Ethnic origin population Panamanian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Paraguayan 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Peruvian 140 45 95 Ethnic origin population Salvadorean 110 55 55 Ethnic origin population Uruguayan 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Venezuelan 60 40 20 Ethnic origin population Latin; Central and South American origins; n.i.e. 44 20 20 0 Ethnic origin population African origins 3185 1740 1435 Ethnic origin population Central and West African origins 715 340 375 Ethnic origin population Akan 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Angolan 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Ashanti 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Beninese 35 0 0 Ethnic origin population Burkinabe 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Cameroonian 50 20 30 Ethnic origin population Chadian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Congolese 180 80 95 Ethnic origin population Gabonese 10 0 0 Ethnic origin population Gambian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Ghanaian 135 60 70 Ethnic origin population Guinean 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Ibo 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Ivorian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Liberian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Malian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Nigerian 65 35 35 Ethnic origin population Peulh 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Senegalese 145 70 70 Ethnic origin population Sierra Leonean 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Togolese 20 0 0 Ethnic origin population Yoruba 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Central and West African origins; n.i.e. 45 50 25 25 Ethnic origin population North African origins 1680 960 720 Ethnic origin population Algerian 350 200 150 Ethnic origin population Berber 180 120 70 Ethnic origin population Coptic 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Dinka 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Egyptian 535 285 250 Ethnic origin population Libyan 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Maure 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Moroccan 605 365 240 Ethnic origin population Sudanese 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Tunisian 100 55 45 Ethnic origin population North African origins; n.i.e. 46 15 0 0 Ethnic origin population Southern and East African origins 380 195 185 Ethnic origin population Afrikaner 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Amhara 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Bantu; n.o.s. 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Burundian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Eritrean 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Ethiopian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Harari 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Kenyan 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Malagasy 25 0 0 Ethnic origin population Mauritian 65 35 30 Ethnic origin population Oromo 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Rwandan 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Seychellois 90 50 40 Ethnic origin population Somali 15 0 0 Ethnic origin population South African 115 65 50 Ethnic origin population Tanzanian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Tigrian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Ugandan 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Zambian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Zimbabwean 25 0 15 Ethnic origin population Zulu 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Southern and East African origins; n.i.e. 47 40 0 20 Ethnic origin population Other African origins 470 290 185 Ethnic origin population Black; n.o.s. 48 15 0 0 Ethnic origin population Other African origins; n.i.e. 49 465 280 185 Ethnic origin population Asian origins 8155 3990 4160 Ethnic origin population West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins 2350 1270 1080 Ethnic origin population Afghan 25 20 0 Ethnic origin population Arab; n.o.s. 405 205 200 Ethnic origin population Armenian 400 195 205 Ethnic origin population Assyrian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Azerbaijani 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Georgian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Iranian 325 210 115 Ethnic origin population Iraqi 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Israeli 15 0 0 Ethnic origin population Jordanian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Kazakh 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Kurd 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Kuwaiti 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Lebanese 840 465 375 Ethnic origin population Palestinian 120 65 50 Ethnic origin population Pashtun 40 0 0 Ethnic origin population Saudi Arabian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Syrian 150 75 75 Ethnic origin population Tajik 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Tatar 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Turk 170 75 90 Ethnic origin population Uighur 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Uzbek 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Yemeni 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins; n.i.e. 50 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population South Asian origins 2935 1505 1425 Ethnic origin population Bangladeshi 75 0 55 Ethnic origin population Bengali 35 20 0 Ethnic origin population East Indian 48 1910 990 920 Ethnic origin population Goan 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Gujarati 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Kashmiri 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Nepali 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Pakistani 190 115 70 Ethnic origin population Punjabi 90 40 45 Ethnic origin population Sinhalese 20 10 0 Ethnic origin population Sri Lankan 720 360 360 Ethnic origin population Tamil 70 55 0 Ethnic origin population South Asian origins; n.i.e. 51 20 10 10 Ethnic origin population East and Southeast Asian origins 2955 1270 1685 Ethnic origin population Burmese 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Cambodian (Khmer) 160 70 90 Ethnic origin population Chinese 1420 560 865 Ethnic origin population Filipino 1000 475 525 Ethnic origin population Hmong 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Indonesian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Japanese 110 40 70 Ethnic origin population Korean 110 50 65 Ethnic origin population Laotian 15 10 0 Ethnic origin population Malaysian 20 0 0 Ethnic origin population Mongolian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Singaporean 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Taiwanese 0 10 0 Ethnic origin population Thai 60 45 15 Ethnic origin population Tibetan 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Vietnamese 345 135 215 Ethnic origin population East and Southeast Asian origins; n.i.e. 52 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Other Asian origins 30 0 20 Ethnic origin population Other Asian origins; n.i.e. 53 35 0 20 Ethnic origin population Oceania origins 75 35 40 Ethnic origin population Australian 60 30 30 Ethnic origin population New Zealander 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Pacific Islands origins 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Fijian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Hawaiian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Maori 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Polynesian; n.o.s. 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Samoan 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Pacific Islands origins; n.i.e. 54 0 0 0 Religion Total population in private households by religion 55 137880 68455 69420 Religion Buddhist 430 195 230 Religion Christian 114605 55960 58640 Religion Anglican 3150 1540 1610 Religion Baptist 660 280 380 Religion Catholic 98885 48300 50585 Religion Christian Orthodox 2635 1360 1275 Religion Lutheran 365 180 190 Religion Pentecostal 385 145 235 Religion Presbyterian 720 320 405 Religion United Church 1960 985 980 Religion Other Christian 5835 2850 2980 Religion Hindu 1055 515 535 Religion Jewish 685 375 305 Religion Muslim 2230 1240 985 Religion Sikh 540 270 270 Religion Traditional (Aboriginal) Spirituality 0 0 0 Religion Other religions 305 145 160 Religion No religious affiliation 18040 9755 8285 Aboriginal population Total population in private households by Aboriginal identity 137880 68460 69425 Aboriginal population Aboriginal identity 56 1310 655 660 Aboriginal population First Nations (North American Indian) single identity 57 920 480 445 Aboriginal population Métis single identity 300 130 170 Aboriginal population Inuk (Inuit) single identity 30 25 0 Aboriginal population Multiple Aboriginal identities 58 0 0 0 Aboriginal population Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere 59 55 15 35 Aboriginal population Non-Aboriginal identity 136570 67805 68760 Aboriginal population Total population in private households by Registered or Treaty Indian status 57 137880 68455 69425 Aboriginal population Registered or Treaty Indian 60 270 150 125 Aboriginal population Not a Registered or Treaty Indian 137605 68310 69295 Aboriginal population Total population in private households by Aboriginal ancestry 61 137880 68460 69420 Aboriginal population Aboriginal ancestry 62 5070 2580 2490 Aboriginal population First Nations (North American Indian) Aboriginal ancestry 57 4635 2330 2300 Aboriginal population Métis ancestry 390 215 175 Aboriginal population Inuit ancestry 90 60 25 Aboriginal population Non-Aboriginal ancestry only 63 132805 65875 66930 Non-official languages spoken Total population in private households by non-official languages spoken 64 19765 9865 9900 Non-official languages spoken Aboriginal languages 15 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Algonquin 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Atikamekw 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Blackfoot 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Cree languages 65 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Mi'kmaq 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Innu/Montagnais 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Ojibway 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Oji-Cree 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Carrier 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Dene 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Tlicho (Dogrib) 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Slavey; n.o.s. 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Stoney 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Inuktitut 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Other Aboriginal languages 66 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Non-Aboriginal languages 19755 9865 9890 Non-official languages spoken Italian 2130 1180 950 Non-official languages spoken Portuguese 870 430 440 Non-official languages spoken Romanian 1090 540 550 Non-official languages spoken Spanish 4815 2205 2610 Non-official languages spoken Dutch 250 125 115 Non-official languages spoken Flemish 25 0 15 Non-official languages spoken German 1600 760 835 Non-official languages spoken Yiddish 15 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Danish 15 0 10 Non-official languages spoken Norwegian 10 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Swedish 35 20 15 Non-official languages spoken Afrikaans 25 10 15 Non-official languages spoken Gaelic languages 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Bosnian 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Bulgarian 100 45 50 Non-official languages spoken Croatian 70 30 35 Non-official languages spoken Czech 105 35 70 Non-official languages spoken Macedonian 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Polish 910 475 435 Non-official languages spoken Russian 630 310 320 Non-official languages spoken Serbian 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Serbo-Croatian 25 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Slovak 25 0 15 Non-official languages spoken Slovenian 15 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Ukrainian 135 80 55 Non-official languages spoken Latvian 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Lithuanian 60 35 25 Non-official languages spoken Greek 750 450 295 Non-official languages spoken Armenian 125 55 65 Non-official languages spoken Albanian 35 20 0 Non-official languages spoken Estonian 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Finnish 40 0 30 Non-official languages spoken Hungarian 330 135 190 Non-official languages spoken Turkish 65 30 30 Non-official languages spoken Berber languages (Kabyle) 50 30 15 Non-official languages spoken Oromo 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Somali 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Amharic 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Arabic 1660 960 700 Non-official languages spoken Hebrew 115 70 50 Non-official languages spoken Maltese 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Tigrigna 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Semitic languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Bengali 115 40 75 Non-official languages spoken Gujarati 185 95 90 Non-official languages spoken Hindi 545 250 300 Non-official languages spoken Konkani 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Marathi 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Panjabi (Punjabi) 635 310 320 Non-official languages spoken Sindhi 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Sinhala (Sinhalese) 35 20 15 Non-official languages spoken Urdu 265 150 115 Non-official languages spoken Nepali 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Kurdish 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Pashto 40 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Persian (Farsi) 235 135 105 Non-official languages spoken Indo-Iranian languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Kannada 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Malayalam 20 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Tamil 770 410 365 Non-official languages spoken Telugu 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Japanese 60 15 45 Non-official languages spoken Korean 85 35 50 Non-official languages spoken Cantonese 90 35 55 Non-official languages spoken Fukien 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Hakka 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Mandarin 80 30 45 Non-official languages spoken Taiwanese 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Chinese; n.o.s. 450 200 250 Non-official languages spoken Lao 15 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Thai 60 0 25 Non-official languages spoken Khmer (Cambodian) 105 40 55 Non-official languages spoken Vietnamese 190 85 110 Non-official languages spoken Bisayan languages 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Ilocano 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Malay 25 0 15 Non-official languages spoken Tagalog (Pilipino;Filipino) 575 225 350 Non-official languages spoken Akan (Twi) 165 95 75 Non-official languages spoken Lingala 115 60 55 Non-official languages spoken Rundi (Kirundi) 10 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Rwanda (Kinyarwanda) 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Swahili 25 15 0 Non-official languages spoken Bantu languages; n.i.e. 70 30 45 Non-official languages spoken Niger-Congo languages; n.i.e. 110 70 35 Non-official languages spoken African languages; n.i.e. 35 15 20 Non-official languages spoken Creoles 600 365 235 Non-official languages spoken Other non-Aboriginal languages 67 335 155 185 Mobility Total - Mobility status 1 year ago 68 136135 67560 68580 Mobility Non-movers 120935 60090 60845 Mobility Movers 15200 7465 7735 Mobility Non-migrants 4240 2010 2235 Mobility Migrants 10955 5455 5500 Mobility Internal migrants 10575 5300 5275 Mobility Intraprovincial migrants 10025 4970 5055 Mobility Interprovincial migrants 550 330 220 Mobility External migrants 380 155 230 Mobility Total - Mobility status 5 years ago 69 128445 63840 64605 Mobility Non-movers 79035 39660 39375 Mobility Movers 49410 24180 25235 Mobility Non-migrants 14415 7035 7380 Mobility Migrants 34995 17140 17855 Mobility Internal migrants 33230 16315 16920 Mobility Intraprovincial migrants 31640 15515 16120 Mobility Interprovincial migrants 1595 800 795 Mobility External migrants 1765 830 935 Education Total population aged 15 years and over by highest certificate; diploma or degree 70 110095 54390 55705 Education No certificate; diploma or degree 19245 9950 9295 Education High school diploma or equivalent 71 27205 12890 14315 Education Postsecondary certificate; diploma or degree 72 63650 31560 32090 Education Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma 73 17860 11035 6830 Education College; CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma 20615 8965 11655 Education University certificate or diploma below bachelor level 74 5165 2220 2945 Education University certificate; diploma or degree at bachelor level or above 20005 9345 10655 Education Bachelor's degree 13805 6120 7685 Education University certificate; diploma or degree above bachelor level 75 6195 3220 2980 Education Total population aged 25 to 64 years by highest certificate; diploma or degree 70 78725 38805 39920 Education No certificate; diploma or degree 8150 4640 3510 Education High school diploma or equivalent 71 17550 8175 9375 Education Postsecondary certificate; diploma or degree 72 53025 25990 27035 Education Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma 73 14530 9075 5455 Education College; CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma 16555 7110 9445 Education University certificate or diploma below bachelor level 74 4155 1780 2375 Education University certificate; diploma or degree at bachelor level or above 17785 8020 9760 Education Bachelor's degree 12480 5480 7000 Education University certificate; diploma or degree above bachelor level 75 5305 2545 2760 Education Total population aged 15 years and over by major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011 76 110100 54390 55705 Education No postsecondary certificate; diploma or degree 77 46450 22835 23615 Education Education 4255 845 3415 Education Visual and performing arts; and communications technologies 2320 960 1355 Education Humanities 2950 1030 1920 Education Social and behavioural sciences and law 5345 1465 3885 Education Business; management and public administration 15240 5485 9755 Education Physical and life sciences and technologies 2910 1620 1295 Education Mathematics; computer and information sciences 2665 1750 910 Education Architecture; engineering; and related technologies 15435 14140 1300 Education Agriculture; natural resources and conservation 1175 620 555 Education Health and related fields 78 6690 1265 5425 Education Personal; protective and transportation services 4660 2390 2275 Education Other fields of study 79 0 0 0 Education Total population aged 15 years and over by location of study compared with province or territory of residence 80 110100 54395 55705 Education No postsecondary certificate; diploma or degree 46450 22835 23615 Education With postsecondary certificate; diploma or degree 63650 31560 32090 Education Location of study inside Canada 57845 28460 29385 Education Same as province or territory of residence 54315 26770 27550 Education Another province or territory 3530 1690 1840 Education Location of study outside Canada 5805 3100 2705 Language used most often at work Total population aged 15 years and over by language used most often at work 81 83930 43690 40235 Language used most often at work Single responses 75970 39720 36255 Language used most often at work English 22005 11560 10455 Language used most often at work French 53850 28120 25730 Language used most often at work Non-official languages 110 40 75 Language used most often at work Chinese; n.o.s. 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Cantonese 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Panjabi (Punjabi) 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Mandarin 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Spanish 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Korean 0 0 0 Language used most often at work German 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Cree languages 82 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Portuguese 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Inuktitut 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Other languages 70 25 45 Language used most often at work Multiple responses 7960 3975 3980 Language used most often at work English and French 7745 3890 3855 Language used most often at work English and non-official language 35 20 20 Language used most often at work French and non-official language 55 0 40 Language used most often at work English; French and non-official language 130 55 70 Language used most often at work Total population aged 15 years and over by language used most often at work 81 83925 43690 40240 Language used most often at work English 22005 11555 10450 Language used most often at work French 53850 28120 25730 Language used most often at work Non-official language 110 40 75 Language used most often at work Aboriginal 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Non-Aboriginal 110 40 70 Language used most often at work English and French 7745 3890 3855 Language used most often at work English and non-official language 35 15 15 Language used most often at work French and non-official language 50 0 40 Language used most often at work English; French and non-official language 130 55 75 Labour force status Total population aged 15 years and over by labour force status 83 110095 54395 55705 Labour force status In the labour force 80065 41800 38270 Labour force status Employed 75830 39730 36100 Labour force status Unemployed 4240 2065 2170 Labour force status Not in the labour force 30030 12595 17435 Labour force status Participation rate 72.7 76.8 68.7 Labour force status Employment rate 68.9 73.0 64.8 Labour force status Unemployment rate 5.3 4.9 5.7 Class of worker Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker 84 80070 41795 38270 Class of worker Class of worker - not applicable 85 1250 505 740 Class of worker All classes of worker 86 78815 41295 37525 Class of worker Employee 69395 35230 34170 Class of worker Self-employed 87 9420 6060 3360 Occupation Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011 88 80065 41800 38270 Occupation Occupation - not applicable 89 1250 510 740 Occupation All occupations 86 78820 41295 37525 Occupation 0 Management occupations 10760 6985 3780 Occupation 1 Business; finance and administration occupations 13735 4130 9610 Occupation 2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations 6125 4570 1555 Occupation 3 Health occupations 4470 805 3665 Occupation 4 Occupations in education; law and social; community and government services 7960 2340 5620 Occupation 5 Occupations in art; culture; recreation and sport 1725 675 1050 Occupation 6 Sales and service occupations 17750 7745 10010 Occupation 7 Trades; transport and equipment operators and related occupations 11680 10900 775 Occupation 8 Natural resources; agriculture and related production occupations 955 715 240 Occupation 9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities 3650 2425 1225 Industry Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007 90 80065 41795 38270 Industry Industry - not applicable 89 1250 505 745 Industry All industries 86 78815 41290 37530 Industry 11 Agriculture; forestry; fishing and hunting 995 630 370 Industry 21 Mining; quarrying; and oil and gas extraction 160 115 50 Industry 22 Utilities 490 360 125 Industry 23 Construction 4535 3945 585 Industry 31-33 Manufacturing 10105 6845 3265 Industry 41 Wholesale trade 6665 3825 2845 Industry 44-45 Retail trade 9865 4905 4965 Industry 48-49 Transportation and warehousing 5935 4025 1905 Industry 51 Information and cultural industries 1760 1080 685 Industry 52 Finance and insurance 2355 825 1525 Industry 53 Real estate and rental and leasing 1415 765 655 Industry 54 Professional; scientific and technical services 6225 3435 2790 Industry 55 Management of companies and enterprises 60 30 30 Industry 56 Administrative and support; waste management and remediation services 2760 1620 1135 Industry 61 Educational services 5255 1465 3795 Industry 62 Health care and social assistance 7680 1255 6425 Industry 71 Arts; entertainment and recreation 1430 605 830 Industry 72 Accommodation and food services 3930 1735 2190 Industry 81 Other services (except public administration) 3255 1655 1600 Industry 91 Public administration 3940 2175 1770 Work activity Total labour force aged 15 years and over by work activity in 2010 91 80070 41795 38270 Work activity Did not work in 2010 92 3115 1305 1805 Work activity Worked in 2010 76950 40490 36460 Work activity 1 to 13 weeks 3040 1405 1630 Work activity 14 to 26 weeks 4875 2275 2595 Work activity 27 to 39 weeks 4190 2290 1905 Work activity 40 to 48 weeks 12750 6615 6135 Work activity 49 to 52 weeks 52100 27905 24195 Work activity Average weeks worked in 2010 45.9 46.3 45.4 Full-time or part-time weeks worked Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by full-time or part-time weeks worked in 2010 93 80065 41800 38270 Full-time or part-time weeks worked Did not work in 2010 92 3115 1305 1805 Full-time or part-time weeks worked Worked in 2010 76955 40490 36465 Full-time or part-time weeks worked Worked full-time in 2010 63715 35735 27980 Full-time or part-time weeks worked Worked part-time in 2010 13235 4760 8480 Place of work status Total employed population aged 15 years and over by place of work status 94 75830 39730 36100 Place of work status Worked at home 5770 2785 2985 Place of work status Worked outside Canada 215 175 40 Place of work status No fixed workplace address 6535 4945 1590 Place of work status Worked at usual place 63310 31825 31480 Mode of transportation Total employed population aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address by mode of transportation 95 69845 36770 33075 Mode of transportation Car; truck or van - as a driver 61195 32910 28290 Mode of transportation Car; truck or van - as a passenger 2865 1040 1825 Mode of transportation Public transit 3015 1400 1615 Mode of transportation Walked 1715 785 925 Mode of transportation Bicycle 435 335 105 Mode of transportation Other methods 610 300 310 Median commuting duration Total employed population aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address by median commuting duration 96 69845 36770 33075 Median commuting duration Median commuting duration 25.6 30.1 25.1 Time leaving for work Total employed population aged 15 years and over by time leaving for work 97 69850 36770 33075 Time leaving for work Between 5 and 6:59 a.m. 23345 15140 8210 Time leaving for work Between 7 and 9:00 a.m. 34635 15540 19100 Time leaving for work Anytime after 9:00 a.m. 11860 6095 5770 Occupied private dwelling characteristics Total number of occupied private dwellings by condition of dwelling 98 53285 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed 50495 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics Major repairs needed 2790 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics Total number of occupied private dwellings by period of construction 99 53290 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 1960 or before 7870 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 1961 to 1980 12760 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 1981 to 1990 8860 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 1991 to 2000 8410 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 2001 to 2005 7455 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 2006 to 2011 100 7925 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics Total number of occupied private dwellings by number of rooms 101 53290 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 1 to 4 rooms 9795 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 5 rooms 7535 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 6 rooms 7970 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 7 rooms 8520 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 8 or more rooms 19460 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics Average number of rooms per dwelling 6.8 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics Total number of occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms 102 53290 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 0 to 1 bedroom 3520 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 2 bedrooms 14500 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 3 bedrooms 21495 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 4 or more bedrooms 13780 ... ... Household characteristics Total number of private households by tenure 103 53290 ... ... Household characteristics Owner 44005 ... ... Household characteristics Renter 9285 ... ... Household characteristics Band housing 0 ... ... Household characteristics Total number of private households by condominium status 104 53290 ... ... Household characteristics Part of a condominium development 3750 ... ... Household characteristics Not part of a condominium development 49540 ... ... Household characteristics Total number of private households by number of household maintainers 105 53290 ... ... Household characteristics 1 household maintainer 29650 ... ... Household characteristics 2 household maintainers 23125 ... ... Household characteristics 3 or more household maintainers 515 ... ... Household characteristics Total number of private households by age group of primary household maintainers 106 53285 ... ... Household characteristics Under 25 years 1040 ... ... Household characteristics 25 to 34 years 7500 ... ... Household characteristics 35 to 44 years 11745 ... ... Household characteristics 45 to 54 years 13500 ... ... Household characteristics 55 to 64 years 10055 ... ... Household characteristics 65 to 74 years 5935 ... ... Household characteristics 75 years and over 3525 ... ... Household characteristics Total number of private households by number of persons per room 107 53290 ... ... Household characteristics One person or fewer per room 53025 ... ... Household characteristics More than one person per room 270 ... ... Household characteristics Total number of private households by housing suitability 108 53290 ... ... Household characteristics Suitable 51730 ... ... Household characteristics Not suitable 1555 ... ... Shelter costs Total number of owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero; in non-farm; non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio 109 52980 ... ... Shelter costs Spending less than 30% of household total income on shelter costs 43130 ... ... Shelter costs Spending 30% or more of household total income on shelter costs 9845 ... ... Shelter costs Spending 30% to less than 100% of household total income on shelter costs 8130 ... ... Shelter costs Number of owner households in non-farm; non-reserve private dwellings 43750 ... ... Shelter costs % of owner households with a mortgage 110 70.7 ... ... Shelter costs % of owner households spending 30% or more of household total income on shelter costs 111 15.9 ... ... Shelter costs Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($) 112 1099 ... ... Shelter costs Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($) 112 1118 ... ... Shelter costs Median value of dwellings ($) 113 250375 ... ... Shelter costs Average value of dwellings ($) 113 286506 ... ... Shelter costs Number of tenant households in non-farm; non-reserve private dwellings 9270 ... ... Shelter costs % of tenant households in subsidized housing 114 6.9 ... ... Shelter costs % of tenant households spending 30% or more of household total income on shelter costs 115 31.1 ... ... Shelter costs Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($) 116 703 ... ... Shelter costs Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($) 116 758 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Total income in 2010 of population aged 15 years and over 117 110100 54395 55705 Income of individuals in 2010 Without income 5180 2145 3040 Income of individuals in 2010 With income 104915 52250 52665 Income of individuals in 2010 Under $5;000 118 8525 4060 4465 Income of individuals in 2010 $5;000 to $9;999 6830 2370 4455 Income of individuals in 2010 $10;000 to $14;999 7880 2875 5005 Income of individuals in 2010 $15;000 to $19;999 8485 3300 5185 Income of individuals in 2010 $20;000 to $29;999 13920 5855 8065 Income of individuals in 2010 $30;000 to $39;999 14515 6960 7560 Income of individuals in 2010 $40;000 to $49;999 12815 6335 6470 Income of individuals in 2010 $50;000 to $59;999 9200 5110 4090 Income of individuals in 2010 $60;000 to $79;999 11990 7340 4655 Income of individuals in 2010 $80;000 to $99;999 4915 3570 1350 Income of individuals in 2010 $100;000 and over 5845 4475 1370 Income of individuals in 2010 $100;000 to $124;999 2920 2235 680 Income of individuals in 2010 $125;000 and over 2925 2240 685 Income of individuals in 2010 Median income ($) 119 34721 40947 28869 Income of individuals in 2010 Average income ($) 119 42618 50944 34358 Income of individuals in 2010 After-tax income in 2010 of population 15 years and over 120 110095 54390 55705 Income of individuals in 2010 Without after-tax income 5150 2145 3005 Income of individuals in 2010 With after-tax income 104940 52245 52700 Income of individuals in 2010 Under $5;000 121 8870 4125 4745 Income of individuals in 2010 $5;000 to $9;999 7055 2415 4635 Income of individuals in 2010 $10;000 to $14;999 8135 3005 5125 Income of individuals in 2010 $15;000 to $19;999 9535 3835 5705 Income of individuals in 2010 $20;000 to $29;999 17590 7905 9680 Income of individuals in 2010 $30;000 to $39;999 18840 9275 9565 Income of individuals in 2010 $40;000 to $49;999 14010 7655 6360 Income of individuals in 2010 $50;000 to $59;999 8765 5330 3440 Income of individuals in 2010 $60;000 to $79;999 7515 5140 2380 Income of individuals in 2010 $80;000 to $99;999 2495 1880 615 Income of individuals in 2010 $100;000 and over 2130 1675 455 Income of individuals in 2010 Median after-tax income ($) 122 30664 35194 26208 Income of individuals in 2010 Average after-tax income ($) 122 34641 40314 29018 Income of individuals in 2010 Composition of total income in 2010 of population 15 years and over (%) 123 100.0 100.0 100.0 Income of individuals in 2010 Market income (%) 124 89.2 92.9 83.8 Income of individuals in 2010 Employment income (%) 125 77.6 79.8 74.4 Income of individuals in 2010 Wages and salaries (%) 126 73.5 75.6 70.5 Income of individuals in 2010 Self-employment income (%) 127 4.1 4.2 3.9 Income of individuals in 2010 Investment income (%) 128 4.7 5.7 3.2 Income of individuals in 2010 Retirement pensions; superannuation and annuities (%) 129 5.5 6.2 4.4 Income of individuals in 2010 Other money income (%) 130 1.5 1.2 1.8 Income of individuals in 2010 Government transfer payments (%) 131 10.8 7.1 16.2 Income of individuals in 2010 Canada/Quebec Pension Plan benefits (%) 132 2.8 2.5 3.3 Income of individuals in 2010 Old Age Security pensions and Guaranteed Income Supplement (%) 133 2.3 1.7 3.2 Income of individuals in 2010 Employment Insurance benefits (%) 134 2.1 1.4 3.2 Income of individuals in 2010 Child benefits (%) 135 2.0 0.2 4.7 Income of individuals in 2010 Other income from government sources (%) 136 1.5 1.3 1.8 Income of individuals in 2010 Income taxes paid as a % of total income 137 18.7 20.9 15.5 Income of individuals in 2010 After-tax income as a % of total income 138 81.3 79.1 84.5 Income of individuals in 2010 Net capital gains or losses as a % of total income 139 1.4 1.4 1.5 Income of individuals in 2010 Population aged 15 years and over who worked full year; full time and with employment income in 2010 140 44865 25005 19855 Income of individuals in 2010 Median employment income in 2010 ($) 47365 53321 40750 Income of individuals in 2010 Average employment income in 2010 ($) 55843 63155 46633 Income of individuals in 2010 Family income in 2010 of economic families 141 40790 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Median family income ($) 82524 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Average family income ($) 95337 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Median after-tax family income ($) 70142 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Average after-tax family income ($) 77442 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Average family size 3.0 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Couple-only economic families 142 14835 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Median family income ($) 73174 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Average family income ($) 86386 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Median after-tax family income ($) 61556 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Average after-tax family income ($) 69289 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Average family size 2.0 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Couple-with-children economic families 143 19885 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Median family income ($) 100653 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Average family income ($) 111680 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Median after-tax family income ($) 83725 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Average after-tax family income ($) 90450 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Average family size 3.9 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Lone-parent economic families 144 5190 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Median family income ($) 50379 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Average family income ($) 59617 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Median after-tax family income ($) 46265 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Average after-tax family income ($) 51347 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Average family size 2.6 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Income in 2010 of population aged 15 years and over not in economic families 145 14090 7160 6940 Income of individuals in 2010 Median total income ($) 146 34316 38742 29328 Income of individuals in 2010 Average total income ($) 146 41332 48315 34128 Income of individuals in 2010 Median after-tax income ($) 147 29978 33079 26468 Income of individuals in 2010 Average after-tax income ($) 147 33813 38427 29053 Income of individuals in 2010 Total population by decile of adjusted after-tax family income 148 137880 68455 69425 Income of individuals in 2010 In bottom half of the Canadian distribution 62665 30115 32545 Income of individuals in 2010 In bottom decile 7580 3660 3925 Income of individuals in 2010 In second decile 8770 3765 5005 Income of individuals in 2010 In third decile 13415 6530 6885 Income of individuals in 2010 In fourth decile 16035 7875 8160 Income of individuals in 2010 In fifth decile 16865 8290 8580 Income of individuals in 2010 In top half of the Canadian distribution 75220 38340 36875 Income of individuals in 2010 In sixth decile 17350 8920 8435 Income of individuals in 2010 In seventh decile 17990 9015 8975 Income of individuals in 2010 In eighth decile 16175 8265 7905 Income of individuals in 2010 In ninth decile 13265 6875 6395 Income of individuals in 2010 In top decile 10430 5270 5160 Income of households in 2010 Household total income in 2010 of private households 149 53290 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Under $5;000 980 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $5;000 to $9;999 570 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $10;000 to $14;999 1060 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $15;000 to $19;999 1865 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $20;000 to $29;999 3335 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $30;000 to $39;999 4700 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $40;000 to $49;999 4675 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $50;000 to $59;999 4410 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $60;000 to $79;999 8795 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $80;000 to $99;999 7180 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $100;000 to $124;999 6650 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $125;000 to $149;999 3695 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $150;000 and over 5360 ... ... Income of households in 2010 After-tax income of households in 2010 of private households 150 53290 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Under $5;000 1030 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $5;000 to $9;999 575 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $10;000 to $14;999 1085 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $15;000 to $19;999 2070 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $20;000 to $29;999 3935 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $30;000 to $39;999 5925 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $40;000 to $49;999 5875 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $50;000 to $59;999 5680 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $60;000 to $79;999 10530 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $80;000 to $99;999 7455 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $100;000 and over 9125 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $100;000 to $124;999 4885 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $125;000 and over 4240 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Household income in 2010 of private households 151 53290 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Median household total income ($) 71095 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Average household total income ($) 83909 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Median after-tax household income ($) 60689 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Average after-tax household income ($) 68222 ... ... Income of households in 2010 One-person private households 152 11675 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Median household total income ($) 35571 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Average household total income ($) 43049 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Median after-tax household income ($) 30802 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Average after-tax household income ($) 35067 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Two-or-more-persons private households 152 41615 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Median household total income ($) 82494 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Average household total income ($) 95371 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Median after-tax household income ($) 70209 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Average after-tax household income ($) 77523 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Population in private households for income status 153 137880 68460 69420 Income of individuals in 2010 Less than 18 years 33670 17005 16660 Income of individuals in 2010 Less than 6 years 11470 5600 5880 Income of individuals in 2010 18 to 64 years 89330 44350 44980 Income of individuals in 2010 65 years and over 14880 7105 7780 Income of individuals in 2010 In low income in 2010 based on after-tax low-income measure (LIM-AT) 12340 5495 6845 Income of individuals in 2010 Less than 18 years 2880 1440 1435 Income of individuals in 2010 Less than 6 years 875 410 465 Income of individuals in 2010 18 to 64 years 7485 3400 4080 Income of individuals in 2010 65 years and over 1975 650 1325 Income of individuals in 2010 Prevalence of low income in 2010 based on after-tax low-income measure (%) 8.9 8.0 9.9 Income of individuals in 2010 Less than 18 years (%) 8.6 8.5 8.6 Income of individuals in 2010 Less than 6 years (%) 7.6 7.3 7.9 Income of individuals in 2010 18 to 64 years (%) 8.4 7.7 9.1 Income of individuals in 2010 65 years and over (%) 13.3 9.1 17.0 Symbols: .. not available for a specific reference period ... not applicable x suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act Notes: 1. Citizenship refers to the legal citizenship status of a person. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless that is they may have no citizenship. 2. Includes persons who are stateless. 3. Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status. A landed immigrant/permanent resident refers to a person who has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities. 4. Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth. 5. Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10 2011. 6. Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10 2011. 7. Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit or who is a refugee claimant and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them. 8. Age at immigration refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant/permanent resident status. Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities. 9. The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level. 10. Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth. 11. Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10 2011. 12. The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland Wales England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories). 13. China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region. 14. The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam. 15. The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran. 16. The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea. 17. The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere such as 'born at sea.' 18. The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere such as 'born at sea.' 19. Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit or who is a refugee claimant and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them. 20. Recent immigrants are immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1 2006 and May 10 2011. Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada but a small number are born in Canada. The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level. 21. The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela. 22. The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova. 23. The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic. 24. Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation second generation or third generation or more. 25. 'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part these are people who are now or have ever been immigrants to Canada. 26. 'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part these are the children of immigrants. 27. 'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada. 28. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons other than Aboriginal peoples who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' 29. For example 'East Indian' 'Pakistani' 'Sri Lankan' etc. 30. For example 'Vietnamese' 'Cambodian' 'Malaysian' 'Laotian' etc. 31. For example 'Iranian' 'Afghan' etc. 32. The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese' 'West Indian' 'Tibetan' 'Polynesian' 'Pacific Islander' etc. 33. Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles e.g. 'Black' and 'South Asian.' 34. Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group. 35. This is a total population estimate.  The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the NHS. 36. Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g. 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Maritimer' 'Manitoban'). 37. Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g. 'British' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Celtic'). 38. Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g. 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Liechtensteiner'). 39. Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g. 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Faroese' 'Scandinavian'). 40. Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g. 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Baltic'). 41. Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g. 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Gibraltarian'). 42. Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g. 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Central European'). 43. Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g. 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Guadelupian' 'Aruban'). 44. Includes general responses indicating Latin Central or South American origins (e.g. 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Surinamese'). 45. Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g. 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Ewe' 'Wolof'). 46. Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g. 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Maghreb'). 47. Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g. 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Hutu' 'Shona'). 48. Some respondents may choose to provide very specific ethnic origins in the National Household Survey (NHS) while other respondents may choose to give more general responses. This means that two respondents with the same ethnic ancestry could have different response patterns and thus could be counted as having different ethnic origins. For example one respondent may report 'East Indian' ethnic origin while another respondent with a similar ancestral background may report 'Punjabi' or 'South Asian' origins; one respondent may report 'Black' while another similar respondent may report 'Ghanaian' or 'African.' As a result ethnic origin data are very fluid and counts for certain origins such as 'East Indian' and 'Black' may seem lower than initially expected. Users who wish to obtain broader response counts may wish to combine data for one or more ethnic origins together or use counts for ethnic categories such as 'South Asian origins' or 'African origins.' (Please note however that 'African origins' should not be considered equivalent to the 'Black' population group or visible minority status as there are persons reporting African origins who report a population group or visible minority status other than 'Black.' Conversely many people report a population group or visible minority status of 'Black' and do not report having 'African' origins. For information on population group and visible minority population in the 2011 NHS refer to the appropriate definitions in this publication.) 49. Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g. 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Saharan'). 50. Includes general responses indicating West Asian Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g. 'West Asian' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Baloch' 'Circassian'). 51. Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g. 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Bhutanese'). 52. Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g. 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Bruneian' 'Karen'). 53. Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g. 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Eurasian'). 54. Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g. 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Tahitian'). 55. Religion refers to the person's self-identification as having a connection or affiliation with any religious denomination group body sect cult or other religiously defined community or system of belief. Religion is not limited to formal membership in a religious organization or group. Persons without a religious connection or affiliation can self-identify as atheist agnostic or humanist or can provide another applicable response. 56. 'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person that is First Nations (North American Indian) Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act 1982 section 35 (2) as including the Indian Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. 57. Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011 there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide National Household Survey (NHS) 2011. 58. 'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian) Métis or Inuk (Inuit). 59. 'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian) Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band. 60. Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.' Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians. 61. This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ancestries in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ancestry (ethnic origin) in the National Household Survey. 62. 'Aboriginal ancestry' includes persons who reported one or more than one of First Nations (North American Indian) Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17 either with or without also reporting a non-Aboriginal ancestry. The sum of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry' 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' is thus greater than the sum of the total for 'Aboriginal ancestry' because persons who reported more than one Aboriginal ancestry are included in the response category for each Aboriginal ancestry they reported. All respondents with Aboriginal ancestry are counted in at least one of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry' 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' and also in the category 'Aboriginal ancestry.' Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act 1982 section 35 (2) as including the Indian Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the respondent's ancestors an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin. 63. 'Non-Aboriginal ancestry only' includes persons who did not report First Nations (North American Indian) Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17. 64. Refers to languages other than English or French in which the respondent can conduct a conversation. The category 'Non-official languages spoken' represents the sum of single language responses and multiple language responses received in the National Household Survey. Hence this total is greater than the total population. 65. Cree languages include the following categories: Cree not otherwise specified (which refers to those who reported 'Cree') Swampy Cree Plains Cree Woods Cree and a category labelled 'Cree not included elsewhere' (which includes Moose Cree Northern East Cree and Southern East Cree). 66. This is a subtotal of all Aboriginal languages collected on May 10 2011 that are not displayed separately here. 67. This is a subtotal of all non-Aboriginal languages other than English or French collected on May 10 2011 that are not displayed separately here. 68. Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day May 10 2011 in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city town township village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city town township village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date. 69. Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day May 10 2011 in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city town township village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city town township village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date. 70. 'Highest certificate diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom. For further definitions refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection dissemination or data quality for this variable refer to the Education Reference Guide National Household Survey Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006. 71. 'High school diploma or equivalent' includes persons who have graduated from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate diploma or degree. 72. 'Postsecondary certificate diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas' 'college CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates diplomas and degrees. 73. 'Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma' includes Registered Apprenticeship certificates (including Certificate of Qualification Journeyperson's designation) and other trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges institutes of technology vocational centres and similar institutions. 74. Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' was over-reported in the NHS. This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g. university transfer programs bachelor's programs completed in other countries incomplete bachelor's programs non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' category with caution. 75. 'University certificate diploma or degree above bachelor level' includes the categories 'University certificate or diploma above bachelor level' 'Degree in medicine dentistry veterinary medicine or optometry' 'Master's degree' and 'Earned doctorate.' 76. 'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings' a CIP variant. For more information on the CIP classification see the Classification of Instructional Programs Canada 2011 Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm. For any comments on collection dissemination or data quality for this variable refer to the Education Reference Guide National Household Survey Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006. 77. 'No postsecondary certificate diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed a registered apprenticeship certificate (including Certificate of Qualification Journeyperson's designation) or other trades certificate or diploma a college CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma or a university certificate diploma or degree. 78. Called 'Health parks recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000. 79. Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies other.' 80. 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence' indicates whether the 'Location of study' is the same as the province or territory of residence in 2011 a different Canadian province or territory or outside Canada. 'Location of study' refers to the province territory or country of the institution where the highest certificate diploma or degree above the high school level was completed. Users should be aware that some respondents may have reported the physical location of study rather than the location of the certificate diploma or degree-granting institution. This could affect the responses of those who obtained a certificate diploma or degree through a joint program or by distance learning with credentials granted in another province or country. In particular a number of persons reported a location of study for a university credential in one of the territories (Yukon Northwest Territories Nunavut) even though there were no educational institutions in the territories with the authority to grant university degrees. For any other comments on collection dissemination or data quality for this variable or 'Location of study' refer to the Education Reference Guide National Household Survey Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006. 81. Population by language used most often at work . Refers to the language used most often at work as reported on May 10 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1 2010. 82. Cree languages include the following categories: Cree not otherwise specified (which refers to those who reported 'Cree') Swampy Cree Plains Cree Woods Cree and a category labelled 'Cree not included elsewhere' (which includes Moose Cree Northern East Cree and Southern East Cree). 83. Refers to whether a person was employed unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday May 1 to Saturday May 7 2011. In the past this variable was called Labour force activity. 84. Refers to whether an employed person is an employee or is self-employed. The self-employed include persons with or without a business as well as unpaid family workers.  85. Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1 2010 only. 86. Experienced labour force refers to persons who during the week of Sunday May 1 to Saturday May 7 2011 were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011. 87. Includes self-employed with an incorporated business and self-employed with an unincorporated business. Also included among the self-employed are unpaid family workers. 88. Refers to the kind of work performed by persons during the week of Sunday May 1 to Saturday May 7 2011 as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The 2011 National Household Survey occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2011.  89. Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1 2010 only. 90. Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007. 91. Refers to the number of weeks in which a person worked for pay or in self-employment in 2010 at all jobs held even if only for a few hours and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week). 92. Includes persons who never worked persons who worked prior to 2010 only or persons who worked in 2011 only. 93. Refers to persons who worked for pay or in self-employment in 2010. These persons were asked to report whether the weeks they worked in 2010 were full-time weeks (30 hours or more per week) or not on the basis of all jobs held. Persons with a part-time job for part of the year and a full-time job for another part of the year were to report the information for the job at which they worked the most weeks. 94. Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home worked outside Canada had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work). 95. Refers to the main mode of transportation a respondent uses to travel between his or her home and his or her place of work. 96. Refers to how many minutes it took for a person to travel from home to work. Median commuting duration is the value which divides the commuting duration into two equal halves i.e. the commuting duration of individuals for the first half is below the median while the commuting distance of individuals for the second half is above the median. 97. Time at which a respondent usually leaves home to go to work. 98. Condition of dwelling - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions. 99. Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. 100. Includes data up to May 10 2011. 101. Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms halls vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g. L-shaped dining room and living room arrangements). 102. Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now even if they were not originally built as bedrooms such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition one-room private dwellings such as studio apartments have zero bedrooms. 103. Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling or whether the dwelling is band housing (on an Indian reserve or settlement). 104. Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others. 105. Household maintainer - Refers to whether or not a person residing in the household is responsible for paying the rent or the mortgage or the taxes or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making such payments the reference person is identified by default. 106. Primary household maintainer - First person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent or the mortgage or the taxes or the electricity bill and so on for the dwelling. The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which the respondent lists the persons on the questionnaire. Generally an adult is listed first followed if applicable by that person's spouse or common-law partner and by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by the person. Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date that is before May 10 2011. 107. Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling. 108. Housing suitability - Housing suitability refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms as calculated using the National Occupancy Standard. Housing suitability assesses the required number of bedrooms for a household based on the age sex and relationships among household members. An alternative variable the number of persons per room considers all rooms in a private dwelling and the number of household members. Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies. 109. Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Percentage of a household's average total monthly income which is spent on shelter-related expenses. Those expenses include the monthly rent (for tenants) or the mortgage payment property taxes and condominium fees (for owners) and the costs of electricity heat municipal services etc. The percentage is calculated by dividing the total shelter-related expenses by the household's total monthly income and multiplying the result by 100. Includes owner and tenant households in non-farm non-reserve private dwellings with household total income greater than zero in 2010 (i.e. excludes negative or zero household total income). The relatively high shelter costs to household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2011 while household total income is reported for the year 2010. As well for some households the 2010 household total income may represent income for only part of a year. Household total income - The total income of a household is the sum of the total incomes of all members of that household. Total income refers to the total of income from all sources including employment income income from government programs pension income investment income and any other money income before income taxes and deductions during the calendar year 2010. 110. Presence of mortgage - Refers to whether the owner households reported mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling. 111. Shelter-cost-to-income ratio for owner households - Percentage of an owner household's average total monthly income which is spent on shelter-related expenses. Those expenses include the mortgage payment property taxes and condominium fees and the costs of electricity heat municipal services etc. The percentage is calculated by dividing the total shelter-related expenses by the household's total monthly income and multiplying the result by 100. Includes owner households in non-farm non-reserve private dwellings with household total income greater than zero in 2010 (i.e. excludes negative or zero household total income). The relatively high shelter costs to household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2011 while household total income is reported for the year 2010. As well for some households the 2010 household total income may represent income for only part of a year. Household total income - The total income of a household is the sum of the total incomes of all members of that household. Total income refers to the total of income from all sources including employment income income from government programs pension income investment income and any other money income before income taxes and deductions during the calendar year 2010. 112. Shelter cost for owned dwellings - Includes all shelter expenses paid by households that own their dwellings such as the mortgage payment and the costs of electricity heat water and other municipal services property taxes and condominium fees. 113. Value of dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the dwelling were to be sold. 114. Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income social housing public housing government-assisted housing non-profit housing rent supplements and housing allowances. 115. Shelter-cost-to-income ratio for tenant households - Percentage of a tenant household's average total monthly income which is spent on shelter-related expenses. Those expenses include the monthly rent and the costs of electricity heat municipal services etc. The percentage is calculated by dividing the total shelter-related expenses by the household's total monthly income and multiplying the result by 100. Includes tenant households in non-farm non-reserve private dwellings with household total income greater than zero in 2010 (i.e. excludes negative or zero household total income). The relatively high shelter costs to household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2011 while household total income is reported for the year 2010. As well for some households the 2010 household total income may represent income for only part of a year. Household total income - The total income of a household is the sum of the total incomes of all members of that household. Total income refers to the total of income from all sources including employment income income from government programs pension income investment income and any other money income before income taxes and deductions during the calendar year 2010. 116. Shelter costs for rented dwellings - Includes all shelter expenses paid by households that rent their dwellings such as the monthly rent and the costs of electricity heat and municipal services. 117. Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources before income taxes and deductions during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages salaries tips commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources such as social assistance child benefits employment insurance old age security pension Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources such as dividends and interest on bonds accounts GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income such as child support payments received spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts such as lottery winnings gambling winnings cash inheritances lump sum insurance settlements capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans Canada and Quebec pension plans and employment insurance. Finally voluntary inter-household transfers imputed rent goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition. Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves i.e. the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g. males aged 45 to 54 years). Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g. males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group. Median and average of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative). Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date that is before May 10 2011. 118. Including loss. 119. For population with income. 120. After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010. Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves i.e. the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g. males aged 45 to 54 years). Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g. males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group. Median and average of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative). Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date that is before May 10 2011. 121. Including loss. 122. For population with after-tax income. 123. Composition of income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area. Total income - Total of income from all sources including employment income income from government programs pension income investment income and any other money income. Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date that is before May 10 2011. 124. Market income - Refers to the sum of employment income (wages and salaries net farm income and net income from non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice) investment income retirement pensions superannuation and annuities (including those from RRSPs and RRIFs) and other money income. It is equivalent to total income before tax minus all government transfers and is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes. 125. Earnings or employment income - Total wages and salaries and net income from self-employment. 126. Wages and salaries - Refers to gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income tax pensions and Employment Insurance. Included in this source are military pay and allowances tips commissions and cash bonuses benefits from wage-loss replacement plans or income-maintenance insurance plans supplementary unemployment benefits from an employer or union as well as all types of casual earnings during calendar year 2010. Other employment income such as taxable benefits research grants and royalties are included. 127. Self-employment net income - Refers to the total amount received by persons aged 15 years and over during calendar year 2010 as net farm income from self-employment or net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice. Net farm income - Refers to net income (gross receipts from farm sales minus depreciation and cost of operation) received during calendar year 2010 from the operation of a farm either on the respondent's own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships only the respondent's share of income was reported. Included with gross receipts are cash advances received in 2010 dividends from cooperatives rebates and farm-support payments to farmers from federal provincial and regional agricultural programs (for example milk subsidies and marketing board payments) and gross insurance proceeds such as payments from the AgriInvest and AgriStability programs. The value of income 'in kind' such as agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm is excluded. Net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice - Refers to net income (gross receipts minus expenses of operation such as wages rents and depreciation) received during calendar year 2010 from the respondent's non-farm unincorporated business or professional practice. In the case of partnerships only the respondent's share was reported. Also included is net income from persons babysitting in their own homes persons providing room and board to non-relatives self-employed fishers hunters and trappers operators of direct distributorships such as those selling and delivering cosmetics as well as freelance activities of artists writers music teachers hairdressers dressmakers etc. 128. Investment income - Refers to interest received during calendar year 2010 from deposits in banks trust companies cooperatives credit unions caisses populaires etc. as well as interest on savings certificates bonds and debentures and all dividends from both Canadian and foreign corporate stocks and mutual funds. Also included is other investment income from either Canadian or foreign sources such as net rents from real estate mortgage and loan interest received regular income from an estate or trust fund and interest from insurance policies. Does not include capital gains or losses. 129. Retirement pensions - Refers to all regular income received by the respondent during calendar year 2010 as the result of having been a member of a pension plan of one or more employers. It includes payments received from all annuities including payments from a Registered Retirement Income Fund (RRIF) a matured Registered Retirement Savings Plan (RRSP) in the form of a life annuity a fixed-term annuity or an income-averaging annuity contract; pensions paid to widow(er)s or other relatives of deceased pensioners; pensions of retired civil servants Armed Forces personnel and Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) officers; annuity payments received from the Canadian Government Annuities Fund an insurance company etc. Does not include lump-sum death benefits lump-sum benefits or withdrawals from a pension plan or RRSP or refunds of over-contributions. 130. Other money income - Refers to regular cash income received during calendar year 2010 and not reported in any of the other sources listed on the questionnaire. For example severance pay and retirement allowances alimony child support periodic support from other persons not in the household income from abroad (excluding dividends and interest) non refundable scholarships bursaries fellowships and study grants and artists' project grants are included. 131. Government transfer payments - Refers to all cash benefits received from federal provincial territorial or municipal governments during 2010. This variable is derived by summing the amounts reported in: the Old Age Security pension and Guaranteed Income Supplement Allowance and Allowance for the Survivor; benefits from Canada Pension Plan or Quebec Pension Plan; benefits from Employment Insurance; child benefits; other income from government sources. 132. Benefits from Canada or Quebec pension plan - Refers to benefits received during calendar year 2010 from the Canada or Quebec Pension Plan (For example retirement pensions survivors' benefits and disability pensions). Does not include lump-sum death benefits. 133. Old Age Security pensions and Guaranteed Income Supplement - Refers to Old Age Security pensions and Guaranteed Income Supplements paid to persons aged 65 years and over and to the Allowance or Allowance for the survivor paid to 60- to 64-year-old spouses of old age security recipients or widow(er)s by the federal government during the calendar year 2010. 134. Benefits from employment insurance - Refers to total Employment Insurance benefits received during calendar year 2010 before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment sickness maternity paternity adoption work sharing retraining and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal Employment Insurance Program or the Quebec Parental Insurance Program. 135. Child benefits - Refers to payments received under the Canada Child Tax Benefit program during calendar year 2010 by parents with dependent children under 18 years of age. Included with the Canada Child Tax Benefit is the National Child Benefit Supplement (NCBS) for low-income families with children. The NCBS is the federal contribution to the National Child Benefit (NCB) a joint initiative of federal provincial and territorial governments. Also included in this variable are child benefits child disability benefits and earned income supplements provided by certain provinces and territories and the Universal Child Care Benefit (UCCB). 136. Other income from government sources - Refers to all transfer payments excluding those covered as a separate income source (Canada Pension Plan or Quebec Pension Plan benefits Old Age Security pensions and Guaranteed Income Supplements Employment Insurance benefits and child benefits) received from federal provincial territorial or municipal programs during 2010. 137. Income tax paid - Refers to all federal provincial and territorial taxes paid on 2010 income. Federal provincial and territorial taxes paid refer to taxes on income after taking into account exemptions deductions non-refundable tax credits and the Quebec abatement. These taxes are obtained from the income tax files for persons who allowed access to their income tax data and from direct responses on the questionnaire for others. 138. After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal provincial and territorial taxes paid for 2010. 139. Net capital gains or losses - Refers to the net gains received or losses incurred during calendar year 2010 from the sale of capital property. This represents the proceeds of disposition minus the adjusted cost base of the property and outlays and expenses incurred to sell the property. Capital property includes depreciable property and any property which if sold would result in a capital gain or loss (for example cottages buildings and securities such as mutual funds). Non-taxable capital gains or losses on the sale of a principal residence are excluded. Net capital gains or losses are not included in the definition of Total income as published in standard products. Net capital gains or losses are not included in the concept of total income but are expressed here as a percentage to obtain a relative measure of size. 140. Earnings or employment income - Refers to total income received by persons 15 years of age and over during calendar year 2010 as wages and salaries net income from a non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice and/or net farm self-employment income. Wages and salaries - Refers to gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income tax pensions and Employment Insurance. Included in this source are military pay and allowances tips commissions and cash bonuses benefits from wage-loss replacement plans or income-maintenance insurance plans supplementary unemployment benefits from an employer or union as well as all types of casual earnings during calendar year 2010. Other employment income such as taxable benefits research grants and royalties are included. Net non-farm income from unincorporated business or professional practice - Refers to net income (gross receipts minus expenses of operation such as wages rents and depreciation) received during calendar year 2010 from the respondent's non-farm unincorporated business or professional practice. In the case of partnerships only the respondent's share was reported. Also included is net income from persons babysitting in their own homes persons providing room and board to non-relatives self-employed fishers hunters and trappers operators of direct distributorships such as those selling and delivering cosmetics as well as freelance activities of artists writers music teachers hairdressers dressmakers etc. Net farm income - Refers to net income (gross receipts from farm sales minus depreciation and cost of operation) received during calendar year 2010 from the operation of a farm either on the respondent's own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships only the respondent's share of income was reported. Included with gross receipts are cash advances received in 2010 dividends from cooperatives rebates and farm-support payments to farmers from federal provincial and regional agricultural programs (for example milk subsidies and marketing board payments) and gross insurance proceeds such as payments from the AgriInvest and AgriStability programs. The value of income 'in kind' such as agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm is excluded. Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution ranked by size of income into two halves i.e. the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the unrounded number of individuals (e.g. males aged 45 to 54 years) with income in that group. Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g. males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group. Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative). The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics for earnings. Work activity in 2010 - Refers to the number of weeks in which a person worked for pay or in self-employment in 2010 at all jobs held even if only for a few hours and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week). Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date that is before May 10 2011. 141. Economic family total income - The total income of an economic family is the sum of the total incomes of all members of that family. Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources before income taxes and deductions during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages salaries tips commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources such as social assistance child benefits employment insurance old age security pension Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources such as dividends and interest on bonds accounts GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income such as child support payments received spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts such as lottery winnings gambling winnings cash inheritances lump sum insurance settlements capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans Canada and Quebec pension plans and employment insurance. Finally voluntary inter-household transfers imputed rent goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition. After-tax income of economic families - The after-tax income of an economic family is the sum of the after-tax incomes of all members of that family. After-tax income of family members or persons not in families refers to total income from all sources minus federal provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010. Median income of economic families - The median income of a specified group of families is that amount which divides their income size distribution ranked by size of income into two halves. That is the incomes of the first half of the families are below the median while those of the second half are above the median. Median incomes of families are normally calculated for all units in the specified group whether or not they reported income. Average income of economic families - Average income of economic families refers to the weighted mean total income of families in 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of families (for example husband-wife families with working wives) by the number of families in that group whether or not they reported income. The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics on the after-tax income of economic families. Economic family - Refers to a group of two or more persons who live in the same dwelling and are related to each other by blood marriage common-law adoption or a foster relationship. A couple may be of opposite or same sex. 142. Economic family structure - Refers to the classification of economic families as couple families lone-parent families or other economic families. Couple families - Those in which a member of either a married or common-law couple is the economic family reference person. Lone-parent families - Those in which either a male or female lone parent is the economic family reference person. Other economic families - Those in which the economic family reference person has other relatives but does not have a married spouse or common-law partner or a child in their census family. 143. Economic family structure - Refers to the classification of economic families as couple families lone-parent families or other economic families. Couple families - Those in which a member of either a married or common-law couple is the economic family reference person. Lone-parent families - Those in which either a male or female lone parent is the economic family reference person. Other economic families - Those in which the economic family reference person has other relatives but does not have a married spouse or common-law partner or a child in their census family. Presence of children - Refers to the number of children in private households by age groups. To be included children must live in the same household as the family without a married spouse common-law partner or one or more of their children living in the same household. In a census family they may be children by birth marriage or adoption. In an economic family foster children are also included. 144. Economic family structure - Refers to the classification of economic families as couple families lone-parent families or other economic families. Couple families - Those in which a member of either a married or common-law couple is the economic family reference person. Lone-parent families - Those in which either a male or female lone parent is the economic family reference person. Other economic families - Those in which the economic family reference person has other relatives but does not have a married spouse or common-law partner or a child in their census family. 145. Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources before income taxes and deductions during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages salaries tips commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources such as social assistance child benefits employment insurance old age security pension Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources such as dividends and interest on bonds accounts GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income such as child support payments received spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts such as lottery winnings gambling winnings cash inheritances lump sum insurance settlements capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans Canada and Quebec pension plans and employment insurance. Finally voluntary inter-household transfers imputed rent goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition. After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010. Median income of persons not in economic families - The median income of a specified group of persons not in economic families (for example males aged 55 to 64) is that amount which divides their income size distribution ranked by size of income into two halves. That is the incomes of the first half of the persons are below the median while those of the second half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in economic families are normally calculated for all units in the specified group whether or not they reported income. Average income of persons not in economic families - Average income of persons not in economic families refers to the weighted mean total income of the persons not in economic families in 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of persons not in economic families by the number of persons in that group whether or not they reported income. The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics on the after-tax income of persons not in economic families. Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date that is before May 10 2011. Economic family persons refer to two or more household members who are related to each other by blood marriage common-law adoption or a foster relationship and thereby constitute an economic family. Persons not in economic families refer to household members who do not belong to an economic family including persons living alone. 146. Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero). 147. Calculation includes persons not in economic families without after-tax income (with an after-tax income of zero). 148. Adjusted after-tax income for economic families and persons not in economic families - For economic family members this refers to economic family after-tax income that has been adjusted by a factor that accounts for family size. The adjustment factor takes into account the lower relative needs of additional family members as compared to a single person living alone. For use with the NHS income data the adjusted after-tax income is computed as the economic family after-tax income divided by the square root of family size. For persons not in economic families the adjusted after-tax income is set at after-tax income. This is equivalent to a factor of 1.0 for a person not in an economic family. Decile of adjusted after-tax family income - The deciles divide the population ranked by size of adjusted after-tax family income into 10 groups of equal size. The population in the bottom decile is the one who falls in the lower 10 percent of the adjusted after-tax family income distribution. The population in the top decile is the one who falls in the highest ten percent of the adjusted after-tax family income distribution. The 10 groups were formed with the full population in private households of Canada whether or not they reported income. 149. Household total income - The total income of a household is the sum of the total incomes of all members of that household. Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources before income taxes and deductions during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages salaries tips commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources such as social assistance child benefits employment insurance old age security pension Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources such as dividends and interest on bonds accounts GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income such as child support payments received spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts such as lottery winnings gambling winnings cash inheritances lump sum insurance settlements capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans Canada and Quebec pension plans and employment insurance. Finally voluntary inter-household transfers imputed rent goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition. Household private - Refers to a person or a group of persons (other than foreign residents) who occupy the same private dwelling and do not have a usual place of residence elsewhere in Canada. Household members who are temporarily absent on May 10 2011 (e.g. temporarily residing elsewhere) are considered as part of their usual household. Every person is a member of one and only one household. 150. After-tax income of households - The after-tax income of a household is the sum of the after-tax incomes of all members of that household. After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010. Household private - Refers to a person or a group of persons (other than foreign residents) who occupy the same private dwelling and do not have a usual place of residence elsewhere in Canada. Household members who are temporarily absent on May 10 2011 (e.g. temporarily residing elsewhere) are considered as part of their usual household. Every person is a member of one and only one household. 151. Household total income - The total income of a household is the sum of the total incomes of all members of that household. After-tax income of households - The after-tax income of a household is the sum of the after-tax incomes of all members of that household. Total income - Total of income from all sources including employment income income from government programs pension income investment income and any other money income. After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010. Median income of households - The median income of a specified group of households is that amount which divides their income size distribution ranked by size of income into two halves. That is the incomes of the first half of the households are below the median while those of the second half are above the median. Median incomes of households are normally calculated for all units in the specified group whether or not they reported income. Average income of households - Average income of households refers to the weighted mean total income of households in 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of households (for example two person households) by the number of households in that specific group whether or not they reported income. The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics on the after-tax income of households. Household private - Refers to a person or a group of persons (other than foreign residents) who occupy the same private dwelling and do not have a usual place of residence elsewhere in Canada. Household members who are temporarily absent on May 10 2011 (e.g. temporarily residing elsewhere) are considered as part of their usual household. Every person is a member of one and only one household. 152. Household size - Refers to the number of usual residents in a private household. 153. Income status can be measured in several different ways in household surveys. For the standard products of the National Household Survey the line chosen is a relative measure: the after-tax low-income measure (LIM-AT). For this measure the income used is after-tax income of households. There are no regional variations to account for prices or cost of living differences: all applicable households in Canada face the same line adjusted for household size. This line is set at half the median of adjusted household after-tax income. To account for potential economies of scale the income of households with more than one member is divided by the square root of the size of the household. All household members are considered to share the household income and are attributed the same income status. Note: Low-income estimates in the 2011 National Household Survey. For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) low-income statistics are presented based on the after-tax low-income measure (LIM-AT). This measure is not related to the low-income cut-offs (LICO) presented in the 2006 Census and prevalence rates are conceptually not comparable. Because of the sensitivity of certain income indicators to differences in methodology and response patterns direct comparisons to establish trends with low-income estimates from other household surveys administrative programs or the 2006 Census are discouraged. The prevalence rates observed in the NHS at the national level are generally 1 to 2 percentage points higher than seen for similar concepts in other programs. However analysis of the NHS data suggests that it is valid to compare low-income data for different sub-populations within the NHS (i.e. for different geographic areas or demographic groups). For more information refer to the Income Reference Guide National Household Survey Catalogue no. 99-014-X2011006. Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date that is before May 10 2011. Source: Statistics Canada; 2011 National Household Survey. How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2013. National Household Survey Profile. 2011 National Household Survey. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 99-004-XWE. Ottawa. Released June 26 2013. http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E