Brantford (Census metropolitan area) GNR=28.0 Topic Characteristics Note Total Flag_Total Male Flag_Male Female Flag_Female Citizenship Total population in private households by citizenship 1 133250 64965 68285 Citizenship Canadian citizens 130065 63410 66650 Citizenship Canadian citizens aged under 18 30080 15310 14770 Citizenship Canadian citizens aged 18 and over 99985 48095 51885 Citizenship Not Canadian citizens 2 3185 1550 1635 Immigrant status and period of immigration Total population in private households by immigrant status and period of immigration 3 133250 64960 68290 Immigrant status and period of immigration Non-immigrants 4 117435 57385 60050 Immigrant status and period of immigration Immigrants 5 15080 7150 7930 Immigrant status and period of immigration Before 1971 6455 3060 3400 Immigrant status and period of immigration 1971 to 1980 2475 1125 1350 Immigrant status and period of immigration 1981 to 1990 1770 920 845 Immigrant status and period of immigration 1991 to 2000 2150 885 1265 Immigrant status and period of immigration 2001 to 2011 6 2230 1160 1065 Immigrant status and period of immigration 2001 to 2005 1245 620 620 Immigrant status and period of immigration 2006 to 2011 6 990 540 445 Immigrant status and period of immigration Non-permanent residents 7 730 425 305 Age at immigration Total immigrant population in private households by age at immigration 8 15080 7150 7930 Age at immigration Under 5 years 2030 1040 990 Age at immigration 5 to 14 years 3375 1665 1710 Age at immigration 15 to 24 years 3850 1730 2115 Age at immigration 25 to 44 years 5100 2310 2790 Age at immigration 45 years and over 725 405 320 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Total population in private households by immigrant status and selected places of birth 9 133250 64960 68290 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Non-immigrants 10 117440 57385 60050 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Born in province of residence 109110 53440 55675 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Born outside province of residence 8325 3945 4380 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Immigrants 11 15080 7145 7935 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Americas 2375 1145 1230 Immigrant status and selected places of birth United States 1100 495 605 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Jamaica 365 195 165 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Guyana 35 0 0 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Haiti 35 25 0 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Mexico 165 65 100 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Trinidad and Tobago 110 45 65 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Colombia 60 0 40 Immigrant status and selected places of birth El Salvador 65 35 30 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Peru 20 0 0 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Chile 0 0 0 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Other places of birth in Americas 405 220 180 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Europe 9270 4310 4960 Immigrant status and selected places of birth United Kingdom 12 3425 1450 1975 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Italy 795 455 335 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Germany 630 295 335 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Poland 1265 580 685 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Portugal 490 255 235 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Netherlands 970 455 520 Immigrant status and selected places of birth France 30 0 15 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Romania 65 40 25 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Russian Federation 15 0 0 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Greece 125 65 60 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Ukraine 100 50 50 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Croatia 65 40 30 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Hungary 355 160 195 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Bosnia and Herzegovina 60 45 20 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Serbia 115 50 60 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Ireland; Republic of 115 60 60 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Other places of birth in Europe 650 295 350 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Africa 390 185 200 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Morocco 0 0 0 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Algeria 0 0 0 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Egypt 70 30 40 Immigrant status and selected places of birth South Africa; Republic of 110 50 60 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Nigeria 0 0 0 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Ethiopia 0 0 0 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Kenya 65 40 0 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Other places of birth in Africa 120 45 70 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Asia 2990 1470 1525 Immigrant status and selected places of birth India 775 390 385 Immigrant status and selected places of birth China 13 320 135 185 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Philippines 350 130 220 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Hong Kong Special Administrative Region 55 25 30 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Viet Nam 14 450 245 205 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Pakistan 205 100 100 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Sri Lanka 40 20 15 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Iran 15 20 15 0 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Korea; South 16 190 90 100 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Lebanon 95 50 50 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Taiwan 75 60 15 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Iraq 35 0 20 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Bangladesh 0 0 0 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Afghanistan 0 0 0 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Japan 30 0 30 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Turkey 10 0 0 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Other places of birth in Asia 315 175 135 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Oceania and other 17 55 40 15 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Fiji 0 0 0 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Other places of birth 18 50 35 15 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Non-permanent residents 19 735 430 305 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Total recent immigrant population in private households by selected places of birth 20 985 545 445 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Americas 365 210 155 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth United States 120 55 65 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Mexico 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Cuba 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Haiti 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Jamaica 55 50 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Brazil 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Colombia 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Guyana 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Peru 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Venezuela 21 40 20 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Other places of birth in Americas 60 50 15 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Europe 120 65 55 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth France 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Germany 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Poland 15 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Romania 15 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Moldova 22 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Russian Federation 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Ukraine 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth United Kingdom 12 50 25 30 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Other places of birth in Europe 40 25 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Africa 50 15 35 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Nigeria 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Ethiopia 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Mauritius 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Somalia 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Algeria 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Egypt 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Morocco 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Tunisia 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Cameroon 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Congo; The Democratic Republic of the 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth South Africa; Republic of 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Other places of birth in Africa 35 15 25 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Asia 450 250 200 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Philippines 95 45 50 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth China 13 20 0 15 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth India 200 110 90 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Pakistan 20 10 15 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Iran 15 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth South Korea 16 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Sri Lanka 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Iraq 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Bangladesh 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Lebanon 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Viet Nam 14 60 55 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Taiwan 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Afghanistan 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Japan 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Turkey 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Israel 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Nepal 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Hong Kong Special Administrative Region 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth United Arab Emirates 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Saudi Arabia 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Syria 23 0 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Other places of birth in Asia 20 0 15 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Oceania and other 17 0 0 0 Generation status Total population in private households by generation status 24 133250 64960 68290 Generation status First generation 25 16080 7700 8385 Generation status Second generation 26 23860 11445 12415 Generation status Third generation or more 27 93310 45820 47490 Visible minority population Total population in private households by visible minority 133245 64960 68290 Visible minority population Total visible minority population 28 7485 3770 3720 Visible minority population South Asian 29 1730 840 890 Visible minority population Chinese 775 355 415 Visible minority population Black 1820 1050 775 Visible minority population Filipino 505 205 300 Visible minority population Latin American 440 215 220 Visible minority population Arab 590 325 265 Visible minority population Southeast Asian 30 745 415 330 Visible minority population West Asian 31 85 35 45 Visible minority population Korean 300 125 175 Visible minority population Japanese 105 35 65 Visible minority population Visible minority; n.i.e. 32 130 60 65 Visible minority population Multiple visible minorities 33 265 105 165 Visible minority population Not a visible minority 34 125760 61190 64570 Ethnic origin population Total population in private households by ethnic origins 35 133250 64960 68285 Ethnic origin population North American Aboriginal origins 12565 5895 6670 Ethnic origin population First Nations (North American Indian) 11830 5590 6240 Ethnic origin population Inuit 130 50 80 Ethnic origin population Métis 680 305 370 Ethnic origin population Other North American origins 40610 19635 20970 Ethnic origin population Acadian 180 130 50 Ethnic origin population American 1585 755 830 Ethnic origin population Canadian 39265 18970 20290 Ethnic origin population New Brunswicker 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Newfoundlander 85 55 30 Ethnic origin population Nova Scotian 25 0 0 Ethnic origin population Ontarian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Québécois 100 75 25 Ethnic origin population Other North American origins; n.i.e. 36 85 35 50 Ethnic origin population European origins 100230 48915 51315 Ethnic origin population British Isles origins 72640 34930 37715 Ethnic origin population Channel Islander 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Cornish 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population English 46300 22280 24020 Ethnic origin population Irish 25140 11715 13420 Ethnic origin population Manx 10 0 0 Ethnic origin population Scottish 29910 14610 15300 Ethnic origin population Welsh 2510 1090 1420 Ethnic origin population British Isles origins; n.i.e. 37 3870 1610 2260 Ethnic origin population French origins 12455 6000 6455 Ethnic origin population Alsatian 15 20 0 Ethnic origin population Breton 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population French 12440 5980 6460 Ethnic origin population Western European origins (except French origins) 26690 13555 13135 Ethnic origin population Austrian 630 320 310 Ethnic origin population Belgian 1150 585 565 Ethnic origin population Dutch 9510 4770 4740 Ethnic origin population Flemish 100 50 45 Ethnic origin population Frisian 85 50 35 Ethnic origin population German 17020 8715 8305 Ethnic origin population Luxembourger 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Swiss 390 200 195 Ethnic origin population Western European origins; n.i.e. 38 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Northern European origins (except British Isles origins) 2130 1075 1050 Ethnic origin population Danish 605 340 265 Ethnic origin population Finnish 435 300 130 Ethnic origin population Icelandic 105 40 70 Ethnic origin population Norwegian 545 225 320 Ethnic origin population Swedish 555 265 285 Ethnic origin population Northern European origins; n.i.e. 39 95 35 50 Ethnic origin population Eastern European origins 15850 7825 8025 Ethnic origin population Bulgarian 50 35 10 Ethnic origin population Byelorussian 95 15 75 Ethnic origin population Czech 360 115 245 Ethnic origin population Czechoslovakian; n.o.s. 200 100 105 Ethnic origin population Estonian 115 45 70 Ethnic origin population Hungarian 4205 2195 2010 Ethnic origin population Latvian 60 45 15 Ethnic origin population Lithuanian 205 155 55 Ethnic origin population Moldovan 10 0 0 Ethnic origin population Polish 6345 3160 3190 Ethnic origin population Romanian 555 275 285 Ethnic origin population Russian 700 365 335 Ethnic origin population Slovak 340 155 185 Ethnic origin population Ukrainian 4415 2100 2315 Ethnic origin population Eastern European origins; n.i.e. 40 10 0 0 Ethnic origin population Southern European origins 11750 5895 5855 Ethnic origin population Albanian 20 0 0 Ethnic origin population Bosnian 35 25 15 Ethnic origin population Croatian 295 140 155 Ethnic origin population Cypriot 60 30 25 Ethnic origin population Greek 680 345 340 Ethnic origin population Italian 7185 3615 3570 Ethnic origin population Kosovar 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Macedonian 25 10 15 Ethnic origin population Maltese 440 240 205 Ethnic origin population Montenegrin 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Portuguese 1710 790 920 Ethnic origin population Serbian 240 120 120 Ethnic origin population Sicilian 70 45 30 Ethnic origin population Slovenian 145 100 50 Ethnic origin population Spanish 935 465 470 Ethnic origin population Yugoslavian; n.o.s. 440 240 195 Ethnic origin population Southern European origins; n.i.e. 41 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Other European origins 340 190 150 Ethnic origin population Basque 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Jewish 270 170 100 Ethnic origin population Roma (Gypsy) 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Slavic; n.o.s. 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Other European origins; n.i.e. 42 20 0 0 Ethnic origin population Caribbean origins 1940 1135 810 Ethnic origin population Antiguan 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Bahamian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Barbadian 120 30 80 Ethnic origin population Bermudan 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Carib 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Cuban 235 155 80 Ethnic origin population Dominican 35 25 0 Ethnic origin population Grenadian 40 15 25 Ethnic origin population Haitian 35 25 0 Ethnic origin population Jamaican 1285 855 430 Ethnic origin population Kittitian/Nevisian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Martinican 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Montserratan 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Puerto Rican 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population St. Lucian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Trinidadian/Tobagonian 120 40 80 Ethnic origin population Vincentian/Grenadinian 80 45 0 Ethnic origin population West Indian; n.o.s. 110 30 75 Ethnic origin population Caribbean origins; n.i.e. 43 40 25 15 Ethnic origin population Latin; Central and South American origins 1065 515 555 Ethnic origin population Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Maya) 35 20 0 Ethnic origin population Argentinian 50 25 25 Ethnic origin population Belizean 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Bolivian 0 0 10 Ethnic origin population Brazilian 155 45 110 Ethnic origin population Chilean 70 35 40 Ethnic origin population Colombian 140 70 70 Ethnic origin population Costa Rican 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Ecuadorian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Guatemalan 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Guyanese 70 25 40 Ethnic origin population Hispanic 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Honduran 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Maya 25 0 0 Ethnic origin population Mexican 325 160 165 Ethnic origin population Nicaraguan 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Panamanian 25 0 0 Ethnic origin population Paraguayan 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Peruvian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Salvadorean 105 25 85 Ethnic origin population Uruguayan 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Venezuelan 40 20 0 Ethnic origin population Latin; Central and South American origins; n.i.e. 44 45 25 0 Ethnic origin population African origins 1025 495 530 Ethnic origin population Central and West African origins 45 20 30 Ethnic origin population Akan 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Angolan 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Ashanti 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Beninese 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Burkinabe 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Cameroonian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Chadian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Congolese 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Gabonese 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Gambian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Ghanaian 15 0 15 Ethnic origin population Guinean 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Ibo 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Ivorian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Liberian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Malian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Nigerian 35 0 0 Ethnic origin population Peulh 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Senegalese 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Sierra Leonean 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Togolese 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Yoruba 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Central and West African origins; n.i.e. 45 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population North African origins 265 120 150 Ethnic origin population Algerian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Berber 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Coptic 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Dinka 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Egyptian 135 85 50 Ethnic origin population Libyan 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Maure 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Moroccan 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Sudanese 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Tunisian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population North African origins; n.i.e. 46 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Southern and East African origins 220 125 95 Ethnic origin population Afrikaner 35 20 0 Ethnic origin population Amhara 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Bantu; n.o.s. 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Burundian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Eritrean 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Ethiopian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Harari 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Kenyan 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Malagasy 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Mauritian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Oromo 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Rwandan 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Seychellois 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Somali 50 35 0 Ethnic origin population South African 100 50 50 Ethnic origin population Tanzanian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Tigrian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Ugandan 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Zambian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Zimbabwean 20 0 0 Ethnic origin population Zulu 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Southern and East African origins; n.i.e. 47 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Other African origins 485 230 255 Ethnic origin population Black; n.o.s. 48 70 35 30 Ethnic origin population Other African origins; n.i.e. 49 415 195 225 Ethnic origin population Asian origins 5550 2625 2925 Ethnic origin population West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins 890 460 430 Ethnic origin population Afghan 40 0 30 Ethnic origin population Arab; n.o.s. 105 60 45 Ethnic origin population Armenian 195 100 100 Ethnic origin population Assyrian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Azerbaijani 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Georgian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Iranian 60 30 30 Ethnic origin population Iraqi 50 0 30 Ethnic origin population Israeli 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Jordanian 15 0 0 Ethnic origin population Kazakh 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Kurd 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Kuwaiti 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Lebanese 295 165 135 Ethnic origin population Palestinian 90 55 40 Ethnic origin population Pashtun 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Saudi Arabian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Syrian 15 0 0 Ethnic origin population Tajik 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Tatar 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Turk 50 10 40 Ethnic origin population Uighur 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Uzbek 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Yemeni 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins; n.i.e. 50 30 20 15 Ethnic origin population South Asian origins 1835 865 980 Ethnic origin population Bangladeshi 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Bengali 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population East Indian 48 1585 730 850 Ethnic origin population Goan 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Gujarati 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Kashmiri 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Nepali 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Pakistani 280 130 155 Ethnic origin population Punjabi 25 10 15 Ethnic origin population Sinhalese 15 0 0 Ethnic origin population Sri Lankan 20 0 0 Ethnic origin population Tamil 20 0 0 Ethnic origin population South Asian origins; n.i.e. 51 45 25 25 Ethnic origin population East and Southeast Asian origins 2900 1345 1560 Ethnic origin population Burmese 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Cambodian (Khmer) 40 35 0 Ethnic origin population Chinese 1075 510 565 Ethnic origin population Filipino 660 290 365 Ethnic origin population Hmong 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Indonesian 10 0 0 Ethnic origin population Japanese 140 35 100 Ethnic origin population Korean 375 150 225 Ethnic origin population Laotian 50 25 20 Ethnic origin population Malaysian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Mongolian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Singaporean 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Taiwanese 100 45 55 Ethnic origin population Thai 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Tibetan 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Vietnamese 755 375 380 Ethnic origin population East and Southeast Asian origins; n.i.e. 52 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Other Asian origins 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Other Asian origins; n.i.e. 53 10 0 0 Ethnic origin population Oceania origins 180 85 90 Ethnic origin population Australian 105 60 40 Ethnic origin population New Zealander 50 25 20 Ethnic origin population Pacific Islands origins 25 0 25 Ethnic origin population Fijian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Hawaiian 25 0 25 Ethnic origin population Maori 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Polynesian; n.o.s. 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Samoan 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Pacific Islands origins; n.i.e. 54 0 0 0 Religion Total population in private households by religion 55 133245 64960 68290 Religion Buddhist 705 375 330 Religion Christian 87400 40930 46470 Religion Anglican 12005 5580 6420 Religion Baptist 6955 3110 3840 Religion Catholic 31330 14665 16665 Religion Christian Orthodox 780 395 385 Religion Lutheran 1585 740 840 Religion Pentecostal 3460 1610 1850 Religion Presbyterian 4405 1950 2450 Religion United Church 14115 6720 7390 Religion Other Christian 12775 6145 6630 Religion Hindu 405 215 195 Religion Jewish 110 60 50 Religion Muslim 1105 560 545 Religion Sikh 505 225 285 Religion Traditional (Aboriginal) Spirituality 2730 1290 1435 Religion Other religions 330 120 210 Religion No religious affiliation 39955 21175 18775 Aboriginal population Total population in private households by Aboriginal identity 133245 64960 68285 Aboriginal population Aboriginal identity 56 11120 5145 5975 Aboriginal population First Nations (North American Indian) single identity 57 10300 4730 5565 Aboriginal population Métis single identity 565 310 255 Aboriginal population Inuk (Inuit) single identity 0 0 0 Aboriginal population Multiple Aboriginal identities 58 85 60 30 Aboriginal population Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere 59 150 35 110 Aboriginal population Non-Aboriginal identity 122130 59815 62315 Aboriginal population Total population in private households by Registered or Treaty Indian status 57 133250 64960 68290 Aboriginal population Registered or Treaty Indian 60 9085 4075 5010 Aboriginal population Not a Registered or Treaty Indian 124160 60880 63280 Aboriginal population Total population in private households by Aboriginal ancestry 61 133250 64960 68290 Aboriginal population Aboriginal ancestry 62 12565 5890 6675 Aboriginal population First Nations (North American Indian) Aboriginal ancestry 57 11830 5590 6240 Aboriginal population Métis ancestry 675 305 370 Aboriginal population Inuit ancestry 130 50 80 Aboriginal population Non-Aboriginal ancestry only 63 120685 59070 61615 Non-official languages spoken Total population in private households by non-official languages spoken 64 15470 7290 8175 Non-official languages spoken Aboriginal languages 985 425 550 Non-official languages spoken Algonquin 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Atikamekw 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Blackfoot 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Cree languages 65 20 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Mi'kmaq 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Innu/Montagnais 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Ojibway 35 15 15 Non-official languages spoken Oji-Cree 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Carrier 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Dene 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Tlicho (Dogrib) 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Slavey; n.o.s. 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Stoney 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Inuktitut 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Other Aboriginal languages 66 930 400 530 Non-official languages spoken Non-Aboriginal languages 14495 6865 7635 Non-official languages spoken Italian 1650 825 820 Non-official languages spoken Portuguese 730 360 370 Non-official languages spoken Romanian 50 20 25 Non-official languages spoken Spanish 960 425 535 Non-official languages spoken Dutch 1105 555 550 Non-official languages spoken Flemish 85 25 55 Non-official languages spoken German 1320 620 700 Non-official languages spoken Yiddish 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Danish 40 10 25 Non-official languages spoken Norwegian 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Swedish 25 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Afrikaans 70 30 40 Non-official languages spoken Gaelic languages 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Bosnian 15 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Bulgarian 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Croatian 70 20 50 Non-official languages spoken Czech 80 35 45 Non-official languages spoken Macedonian 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Polish 2040 925 1115 Non-official languages spoken Russian 140 40 100 Non-official languages spoken Serbian 150 80 70 Non-official languages spoken Serbo-Croatian 35 25 0 Non-official languages spoken Slovak 95 45 45 Non-official languages spoken Slovenian 25 15 15 Non-official languages spoken Ukrainian 475 210 265 Non-official languages spoken Latvian 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Lithuanian 20 15 0 Non-official languages spoken Greek 220 125 95 Non-official languages spoken Armenian 55 30 25 Non-official languages spoken Albanian 15 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Estonian 25 0 15 Non-official languages spoken Finnish 25 0 20 Non-official languages spoken Hungarian 720 310 410 Non-official languages spoken Turkish 35 10 25 Non-official languages spoken Berber languages (Kabyle) 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Oromo 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Somali 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Amharic 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Arabic 555 305 250 Non-official languages spoken Hebrew 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Maltese 75 30 50 Non-official languages spoken Tigrigna 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Semitic languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Bengali 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Gujarati 245 130 115 Non-official languages spoken Hindi 370 215 155 Non-official languages spoken Konkani 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Marathi 30 25 0 Non-official languages spoken Panjabi (Punjabi) 520 240 280 Non-official languages spoken Sindhi 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Sinhala (Sinhalese) 20 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Urdu 350 190 160 Non-official languages spoken Nepali 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Kurdish 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Pashto 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Persian (Farsi) 50 20 35 Non-official languages spoken Indo-Iranian languages; n.i.e. 20 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Kannada 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Malayalam 40 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Tamil 45 20 25 Non-official languages spoken Telugu 50 25 25 Non-official languages spoken Japanese 110 15 95 Non-official languages spoken Korean 320 115 210 Non-official languages spoken Cantonese 115 50 60 Non-official languages spoken Fukien 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Hakka 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Mandarin 220 90 130 Non-official languages spoken Taiwanese 115 75 45 Non-official languages spoken Chinese; n.o.s. 280 135 140 Non-official languages spoken Lao 60 35 25 Non-official languages spoken Thai 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Khmer (Cambodian) 40 35 0 Non-official languages spoken Vietnamese 675 340 335 Non-official languages spoken Bisayan languages 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Ilocano 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Malay 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Tagalog (Pilipino;Filipino) 330 120 210 Non-official languages spoken Akan (Twi) 10 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Lingala 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Rundi (Kirundi) 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Rwanda (Kinyarwanda) 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Swahili 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Bantu languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Niger-Congo languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken African languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Creoles 235 190 45 Non-official languages spoken Other non-Aboriginal languages 67 385 150 235 Mobility Total - Mobility status 1 year ago 68 131805 64140 67665 Mobility Non-movers 117715 57395 60320 Mobility Movers 14090 6750 7345 Mobility Non-migrants 8875 4110 4765 Mobility Migrants 5220 2635 2585 Mobility Internal migrants 4990 2525 2465 Mobility Intraprovincial migrants 4710 2380 2330 Mobility Interprovincial migrants 280 140 145 Mobility External migrants 225 110 110 Mobility Total - Mobility status 5 years ago 69 125320 60715 64600 Mobility Non-movers 80105 38940 41165 Mobility Movers 45215 21780 23435 Mobility Non-migrants 27840 13365 14475 Mobility Migrants 17375 8415 8955 Mobility Internal migrants 16215 7760 8455 Mobility Intraprovincial migrants 15345 7360 7990 Mobility Interprovincial migrants 865 400 470 Mobility External migrants 1155 655 500 Education Total population aged 15 years and over by highest certificate; diploma or degree 70 108750 52235 56515 Education No certificate; diploma or degree 26240 13065 13175 Education High school diploma or equivalent 71 30905 14715 16190 Education Postsecondary certificate; diploma or degree 72 51600 24450 27145 Education Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma 73 10255 6845 3410 Education College; CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma 24895 10230 14655 Education University certificate or diploma below bachelor level 74 3265 1370 1895 Education University certificate; diploma or degree at bachelor level or above 13190 6010 7185 Education Bachelor's degree 8690 3800 4890 Education University certificate; diploma or degree above bachelor level 75 4495 2210 2290 Education Total population aged 25 to 64 years by highest certificate; diploma or degree 70 71910 35010 36905 Education No certificate; diploma or degree 10945 5955 4990 Education High school diploma or equivalent 71 20030 9900 10130 Education Postsecondary certificate; diploma or degree 72 40935 19155 21780 Education Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma 73 7585 5085 2500 Education College; CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma 20505 8485 12025 Education University certificate or diploma below bachelor level 74 2400 1015 1385 Education University certificate; diploma or degree at bachelor level or above 10450 4575 5875 Education Bachelor's degree 6905 2935 3975 Education University certificate; diploma or degree above bachelor level 75 3545 1640 1900 Education Total population aged 15 years and over by major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011 76 108745 52235 56510 Education No postsecondary certificate; diploma or degree 77 57145 27780 29360 Education Education 3780 1005 2770 Education Visual and performing arts; and communications technologies 1685 840 845 Education Humanities 2630 1125 1510 Education Social and behavioural sciences and law 5090 1475 3615 Education Business; management and public administration 8990 3115 5870 Education Physical and life sciences and technologies 1215 620 595 Education Mathematics; computer and information sciences 1375 800 580 Education Architecture; engineering; and related technologies 11655 10935 720 Education Agriculture; natural resources and conservation 1280 840 440 Education Health and related fields 78 9155 1380 7770 Education Personal; protective and transportation services 4710 2295 2415 Education Other fields of study 79 35 15 25 Education Total population aged 15 years and over by location of study compared with province or territory of residence 80 108750 52240 56515 Education No postsecondary certificate; diploma or degree 57145 27785 29360 Education With postsecondary certificate; diploma or degree 51605 24450 27145 Education Location of study inside Canada 47000 21975 25020 Education Same as province or territory of residence 45300 21175 24125 Education Another province or territory 1700 805 890 Education Location of study outside Canada 4605 2480 2125 Language used most often at work Total population aged 15 years and over by language used most often at work 81 75085 38070 37015 Language used most often at work Single responses 74885 37980 36900 Language used most often at work English 74565 37885 36680 Language used most often at work French 180 30 150 Language used most often at work Non-official languages 140 65 75 Language used most often at work Chinese; n.o.s. 15 0 0 Language used most often at work Cantonese 10 10 0 Language used most often at work Panjabi (Punjabi) 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Mandarin 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Spanish 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Korean 0 0 0 Language used most often at work German 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Cree languages 82 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Portuguese 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Inuktitut 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Other languages 85 35 55 Language used most often at work Multiple responses 205 90 120 Language used most often at work English and French 55 10 45 Language used most often at work English and non-official language 150 80 65 Language used most often at work French and non-official language 0 0 0 Language used most often at work English; French and non-official language 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Total population aged 15 years and over by language used most often at work 81 75090 38075 37015 Language used most often at work English 74565 37885 36675 Language used most often at work French 175 25 150 Language used most often at work Non-official language 140 70 70 Language used most often at work Aboriginal 15 0 0 Language used most often at work Non-Aboriginal 130 65 65 Language used most often at work English and French 55 10 45 Language used most often at work English and non-official language 150 80 65 Language used most often at work French and non-official language 0 0 0 Language used most often at work English; French and non-official language 0 0 0 Labour force status Total population aged 15 years and over by labour force status 83 108745 52235 56510 Labour force status In the labour force 70785 36110 34675 Labour force status Employed 65435 33380 32055 Labour force status Unemployed 5355 2735 2620 Labour force status Not in the labour force 37960 16120 21840 Labour force status Participation rate 65.1 69.1 61.4 Labour force status Employment rate 60.2 63.9 56.7 Labour force status Unemployment rate 7.6 7.6 7.6 Class of worker Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker 84 70790 36115 34670 Class of worker Class of worker - not applicable 85 1485 690 790 Class of worker All classes of worker 86 69305 35425 33880 Class of worker Employee 62565 31250 31315 Class of worker Self-employed 87 6740 4175 2565 Occupation Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011 88 70790 36115 34675 Occupation Occupation - not applicable 89 1485 695 790 Occupation All occupations 86 69305 35420 33885 Occupation 0 Management occupations 6985 4165 2825 Occupation 1 Business; finance and administration occupations 9985 2655 7330 Occupation 2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations 2880 2385 495 Occupation 3 Health occupations 4370 685 3685 Occupation 4 Occupations in education; law and social; community and government services 7670 2480 5190 Occupation 5 Occupations in art; culture; recreation and sport 1560 690 875 Occupation 6 Sales and service occupations 16105 5955 10155 Occupation 7 Trades; transport and equipment operators and related occupations 12005 10970 1030 Occupation 8 Natural resources; agriculture and related production occupations 1420 1120 295 Occupation 9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities 6325 4325 2000 Industry Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007 90 70785 36115 34670 Industry Industry - not applicable 89 1480 690 790 Industry All industries 86 69300 35425 33885 Industry 11 Agriculture; forestry; fishing and hunting 1575 1090 485 Industry 21 Mining; quarrying; and oil and gas extraction 65 55 0 Industry 22 Utilities 405 310 90 Industry 23 Construction 4505 3855 655 Industry 31-33 Manufacturing 11545 8325 3220 Industry 41 Wholesale trade 3355 2235 1115 Industry 44-45 Retail trade 8175 3450 4730 Industry 48-49 Transportation and warehousing 4015 2775 1245 Industry 51 Information and cultural industries 900 460 440 Industry 52 Finance and insurance 1690 575 1120 Industry 53 Real estate and rental and leasing 1225 725 495 Industry 54 Professional; scientific and technical services 2960 1560 1405 Industry 55 Management of companies and enterprises 35 30 0 Industry 56 Administrative and support; waste management and remediation services 3770 2050 1720 Industry 61 Educational services 4565 1330 3235 Industry 62 Health care and social assistance 7890 1055 6835 Industry 71 Arts; entertainment and recreation 1820 975 845 Industry 72 Accommodation and food services 4390 1460 2930 Industry 81 Other services (except public administration) 2960 1360 1600 Industry 91 Public administration 3455 1745 1715 Work activity Total labour force aged 15 years and over by work activity in 2010 91 70790 36115 34670 Work activity Did not work in 2010 92 3395 1500 1895 Work activity Worked in 2010 67390 34610 32780 Work activity 1 to 13 weeks 3535 1570 1965 Work activity 14 to 26 weeks 5285 2490 2790 Work activity 27 to 39 weeks 3950 2080 1870 Work activity 40 to 48 weeks 9110 4500 4605 Work activity 49 to 52 weeks 45520 23970 21545 Work activity Average weeks worked in 2010 44.8 45.4 44.2 Full-time or part-time weeks worked Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by full-time or part-time weeks worked in 2010 93 70790 36115 34670 Full-time or part-time weeks worked Did not work in 2010 92 3395 1500 1895 Full-time or part-time weeks worked Worked in 2010 67395 34615 32780 Full-time or part-time weeks worked Worked full-time in 2010 52465 29785 22675 Full-time or part-time weeks worked Worked part-time in 2010 14930 4825 10105 Place of work status Total employed population aged 15 years and over by place of work status 94 65435 33380 32055 Place of work status Worked at home 3525 1860 1670 Place of work status Worked outside Canada 130 105 25 Place of work status No fixed workplace address 6760 4950 1810 Place of work status Worked at usual place 55015 26465 28545 Mode of transportation Total employed population aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address by mode of transportation 95 61775 31415 30360 Mode of transportation Car; truck or van - as a driver 51690 26885 24800 Mode of transportation Car; truck or van - as a passenger 4755 2125 2630 Mode of transportation Public transit 1725 670 1050 Mode of transportation Walked 2550 1070 1480 Mode of transportation Bicycle 440 370 75 Mode of transportation Other methods 615 295 320 Median commuting duration Total employed population aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address by median commuting duration 96 61775 31420 30360 Median commuting duration Median commuting duration 15.7 20.2 15.3 Time leaving for work Total employed population aged 15 years and over by time leaving for work 97 61775 31415 30360 Time leaving for work Between 5 and 6:59 a.m. 17585 11895 5690 Time leaving for work Between 7 and 9:00 a.m. 29355 12610 16735 Time leaving for work Anytime after 9:00 a.m. 14835 6905 7925 Occupied private dwelling characteristics Total number of occupied private dwellings by condition of dwelling 98 52725 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed 48400 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics Major repairs needed 4325 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics Total number of occupied private dwellings by period of construction 99 52725 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 1960 or before 20310 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 1961 to 1980 14185 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 1981 to 1990 5910 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 1991 to 2000 5445 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 2001 to 2005 3820 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 2006 to 2011 100 3050 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics Total number of occupied private dwellings by number of rooms 101 52725 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 1 to 4 rooms 9015 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 5 rooms 7225 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 6 rooms 8495 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 7 rooms 8740 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 8 or more rooms 19245 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics Average number of rooms per dwelling 6.9 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics Total number of occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms 102 52725 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 0 to 1 bedroom 5680 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 2 bedrooms 11830 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 3 bedrooms 22640 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 4 or more bedrooms 12575 ... ... Household characteristics Total number of private households by tenure 103 52725 ... ... Household characteristics Owner 39040 ... ... Household characteristics Renter 13535 ... ... Household characteristics Band housing 150 ... ... Household characteristics Total number of private households by condominium status 104 52725 ... ... Household characteristics Part of a condominium development 3555 ... ... Household characteristics Not part of a condominium development 49170 ... ... Household characteristics Total number of private households by number of household maintainers 105 52725 ... ... Household characteristics 1 household maintainer 31420 ... ... Household characteristics 2 household maintainers 20520 ... ... Household characteristics 3 or more household maintainers 785 ... ... Household characteristics Total number of private households by age group of primary household maintainers 106 52730 ... ... Household characteristics Under 25 years 1670 ... ... Household characteristics 25 to 34 years 6765 ... ... Household characteristics 35 to 44 years 9235 ... ... Household characteristics 45 to 54 years 11675 ... ... Household characteristics 55 to 64 years 10680 ... ... Household characteristics 65 to 74 years 6585 ... ... Household characteristics 75 years and over 6120 ... ... Household characteristics Total number of private households by number of persons per room 107 52725 ... ... Household characteristics One person or fewer per room 52135 ... ... Household characteristics More than one person per room 590 ... ... Household characteristics Total number of private households by housing suitability 108 52730 ... ... Household characteristics Suitable 50200 ... ... Household characteristics Not suitable 2525 ... ... Shelter costs Total number of owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero; in non-farm; non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio 109 49940 ... ... Shelter costs Spending less than 30% of household total income on shelter costs 37675 ... ... Shelter costs Spending 30% or more of household total income on shelter costs 12265 ... ... Shelter costs Spending 30% to less than 100% of household total income on shelter costs 10920 ... ... Shelter costs Number of owner households in non-farm; non-reserve private dwellings 36885 ... ... Shelter costs % of owner households with a mortgage 110 60.6 ... ... Shelter costs % of owner households spending 30% or more of household total income on shelter costs 111 17.6 ... ... Shelter costs Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($) 112 1056 ... ... Shelter costs Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($) 112 1111 ... ... Shelter costs Median value of dwellings ($) 113 243243 ... ... Shelter costs Average value of dwellings ($) 113 268622 ... ... Shelter costs Number of tenant households in non-farm; non-reserve private dwellings 13100 ... ... Shelter costs % of tenant households in subsidized housing 114 17.1 ... ... Shelter costs % of tenant households spending 30% or more of household total income on shelter costs 115 44.3 ... ... Shelter costs Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($) 116 772 ... ... Shelter costs Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($) 116 789 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Total income in 2010 of population aged 15 years and over 117 108750 52240 56510 Income of individuals in 2010 Without income 5725 2525 3200 Income of individuals in 2010 With income 103025 49710 53315 Income of individuals in 2010 Under $5;000 118 10000 4560 5440 Income of individuals in 2010 $5;000 to $9;999 7400 2735 4665 Income of individuals in 2010 $10;000 to $14;999 9295 3105 6190 Income of individuals in 2010 $15;000 to $19;999 9410 3455 5950 Income of individuals in 2010 $20;000 to $29;999 16635 6995 9645 Income of individuals in 2010 $30;000 to $39;999 13740 6345 7400 Income of individuals in 2010 $40;000 to $49;999 11270 6110 5160 Income of individuals in 2010 $50;000 to $59;999 7625 4445 3180 Income of individuals in 2010 $60;000 to $79;999 8840 5850 2995 Income of individuals in 2010 $80;000 to $99;999 5015 3270 1740 Income of individuals in 2010 $100;000 and over 3790 2845 945 Income of individuals in 2010 $100;000 to $124;999 1950 1405 545 Income of individuals in 2010 $125;000 and over 1845 1440 400 Income of individuals in 2010 Median income ($) 119 29142 36244 23854 Income of individuals in 2010 Average income ($) 119 37402 45001 30318 Income of individuals in 2010 After-tax income in 2010 of population 15 years and over 120 108750 52235 56510 Income of individuals in 2010 Without after-tax income 5735 2525 3210 Income of individuals in 2010 With after-tax income 103010 49710 53300 Income of individuals in 2010 Under $5;000 121 10190 4590 5605 Income of individuals in 2010 $5;000 to $9;999 7555 2765 4795 Income of individuals in 2010 $10;000 to $14;999 9425 3195 6230 Income of individuals in 2010 $15;000 to $19;999 10135 3770 6370 Income of individuals in 2010 $20;000 to $29;999 19390 8330 11055 Income of individuals in 2010 $30;000 to $39;999 16425 8255 8170 Income of individuals in 2010 $40;000 to $49;999 11430 6385 5040 Income of individuals in 2010 $50;000 to $59;999 7015 4505 2510 Income of individuals in 2010 $60;000 to $79;999 7855 5250 2605 Income of individuals in 2010 $80;000 to $99;999 1965 1390 575 Income of individuals in 2010 $100;000 and over 1625 1275 345 Income of individuals in 2010 Median after-tax income ($) 122 26911 32834 22676 Income of individuals in 2010 Average after-tax income ($) 122 32045 37633 26834 Income of individuals in 2010 Composition of total income in 2010 of population 15 years and over (%) 123 100.0 100.0 100.0 Income of individuals in 2010 Market income (%) 124 83.7 87.5 78.4 Income of individuals in 2010 Employment income (%) 125 72.4 75.9 67.6 Income of individuals in 2010 Wages and salaries (%) 126 68.7 71.1 65.3 Income of individuals in 2010 Self-employment income (%) 127 3.8 4.9 2.2 Income of individuals in 2010 Investment income (%) 128 3.3 3.4 3.2 Income of individuals in 2010 Retirement pensions; superannuation and annuities (%) 129 6.4 6.8 5.9 Income of individuals in 2010 Other money income (%) 130 1.6 1.5 1.7 Income of individuals in 2010 Government transfer payments (%) 131 16.3 12.5 21.6 Income of individuals in 2010 Canada/Quebec Pension Plan benefits (%) 132 4.4 3.9 5.1 Income of individuals in 2010 Old Age Security pensions and Guaranteed Income Supplement (%) 133 3.5 2.5 4.8 Income of individuals in 2010 Employment Insurance benefits (%) 134 2.1 1.8 2.5 Income of individuals in 2010 Child benefits (%) 135 1.8 0.1 4.1 Income of individuals in 2010 Other income from government sources (%) 136 4.6 4.2 5.0 Income of individuals in 2010 Income taxes paid as a % of total income 137 14.3 16.4 11.5 Income of individuals in 2010 After-tax income as a % of total income 138 85.7 83.6 88.5 Income of individuals in 2010 Net capital gains or losses as a % of total income 139 1.4 1.0 1.9 Income of individuals in 2010 Population aged 15 years and over who worked full year; full time and with employment income in 2010 140 37755 21340 16415 Income of individuals in 2010 Median employment income in 2010 ($) 46101 52304 39092 Income of individuals in 2010 Average employment income in 2010 ($) 54344 61961 44440 Income of individuals in 2010 Family income in 2010 of economic families 141 38360 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Median family income ($) 73065 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Average family income ($) 85970 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Median after-tax family income ($) 65012 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Average after-tax family income ($) 73324 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Average family size 3.0 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Couple-only economic families 142 13665 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Median family income ($) 67287 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Average family income ($) 79147 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Median after-tax family income ($) 59221 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Average after-tax family income ($) 67135 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Average family size 2.0 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Couple-with-children economic families 143 17150 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Median family income ($) 93663 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Average family income ($) 105701 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Median after-tax family income ($) 81444 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Average after-tax family income ($) 89210 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Average family size 4.0 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Lone-parent economic families 144 6400 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Median family income ($) 40384 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Average family income ($) 48566 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Median after-tax family income ($) 38870 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Average after-tax family income ($) 44423 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Average family size 2.6 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Income in 2010 of population aged 15 years and over not in economic families 145 16890 8125 8770 Income of individuals in 2010 Median total income ($) 146 25973 29114 23828 Income of individuals in 2010 Average total income ($) 146 32896 35425 30555 Income of individuals in 2010 Median after-tax income ($) 147 24270 26575 23107 Income of individuals in 2010 Average after-tax income ($) 147 28917 30612 27348 Income of individuals in 2010 Total population by decile of adjusted after-tax family income 148 133250 64960 68290 Income of individuals in 2010 In bottom half of the Canadian distribution 69200 32560 36645 Income of individuals in 2010 In bottom decile 12020 5800 6220 Income of individuals in 2010 In second decile 13160 5715 7440 Income of individuals in 2010 In third decile 14755 6765 7995 Income of individuals in 2010 In fourth decile 15200 7585 7615 Income of individuals in 2010 In fifth decile 14070 6690 7375 Income of individuals in 2010 In top half of the Canadian distribution 64050 32405 31640 Income of individuals in 2010 In sixth decile 14720 7280 7440 Income of individuals in 2010 In seventh decile 14895 7505 7385 Income of individuals in 2010 In eighth decile 13550 6910 6640 Income of individuals in 2010 In ninth decile 11785 6075 5710 Income of individuals in 2010 In top decile 9095 4630 4470 Income of households in 2010 Household total income in 2010 of private households 149 52725 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Under $5;000 975 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $5;000 to $9;999 745 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $10;000 to $14;999 2000 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $15;000 to $19;999 2555 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $20;000 to $29;999 5220 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $30;000 to $39;999 5630 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $40;000 to $49;999 4995 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $50;000 to $59;999 4370 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $60;000 to $79;999 8130 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $80;000 to $99;999 6140 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $100;000 to $124;999 5090 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $125;000 to $149;999 2815 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $150;000 and over 4055 ... ... Income of households in 2010 After-tax income of households in 2010 of private households 150 52725 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Under $5;000 1020 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $5;000 to $9;999 755 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $10;000 to $14;999 2000 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $15;000 to $19;999 2750 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $20;000 to $29;999 5710 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $30;000 to $39;999 6350 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $40;000 to $49;999 5660 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $50;000 to $59;999 5520 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $60;000 to $79;999 9120 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $80;000 to $99;999 5875 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $100;000 and over 7960 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $100;000 to $124;999 4110 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $125;000 and over 3855 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Household income in 2010 of private households 151 52725 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Median household total income ($) 59665 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Average household total income ($) 73082 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Median after-tax household income ($) 53796 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Average after-tax household income ($) 62608 ... ... Income of households in 2010 One-person private households 152 13235 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Median household total income ($) 27116 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Average household total income ($) 34925 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Median after-tax household income ($) 25528 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Average after-tax household income ($) 30616 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Two-or-more-persons private households 152 39495 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Median household total income ($) 73041 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Average household total income ($) 85869 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Median after-tax household income ($) 64990 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Average after-tax household income ($) 73327 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Population in private households for income status 153 127035 62060 64975 Income of individuals in 2010 Less than 18 years 28505 14505 13995 Income of individuals in 2010 Less than 6 years 8760 4760 3995 Income of individuals in 2010 18 to 64 years 80265 39255 41010 Income of individuals in 2010 65 years and over 18270 8300 9965 Income of individuals in 2010 In low income in 2010 based on after-tax low-income measure (LIM-AT) 16555 7625 8925 Income of individuals in 2010 Less than 18 years 4890 2645 2245 Income of individuals in 2010 Less than 6 years 1630 910 715 Income of individuals in 2010 18 to 64 years 10200 4535 5665 Income of individuals in 2010 65 years and over 1465 445 1015 Income of individuals in 2010 Prevalence of low income in 2010 based on after-tax low-income measure (%) 13.0 12.3 13.7 Income of individuals in 2010 Less than 18 years (%) 17.2 18.2 16.0 Income of individuals in 2010 Less than 6 years (%) 18.6 19.1 17.9 Income of individuals in 2010 18 to 64 years (%) 12.7 11.6 13.8 Income of individuals in 2010 65 years and over (%) 8.0 5.4 10.2 Symbols: .. not available for a specific reference period ... not applicable x suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act Notes: 1. Citizenship refers to the legal citizenship status of a person. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless that is they may have no citizenship. 2. Includes persons who are stateless. 3. Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status. A landed immigrant/permanent resident refers to a person who has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities. 4. Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth. 5. Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10 2011. 6. Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10 2011. 7. Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit or who is a refugee claimant and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them. 8. Age at immigration refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant/permanent resident status. Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities. 9. The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level. 10. Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth. 11. Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10 2011. 12. The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland Wales England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories). 13. China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region. 14. The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam. 15. The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran. 16. The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea. 17. The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere such as 'born at sea.' 18. The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere such as 'born at sea.' 19. Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit or who is a refugee claimant and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them. 20. Recent immigrants are immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1 2006 and May 10 2011. Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada but a small number are born in Canada. The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level. 21. The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela. 22. The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova. 23. The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic. 24. Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation second generation or third generation or more. 25. 'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part these are people who are now or have ever been immigrants to Canada. 26. 'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part these are the children of immigrants. 27. 'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada. 28. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons other than Aboriginal peoples who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' 29. For example 'East Indian' 'Pakistani' 'Sri Lankan' etc. 30. For example 'Vietnamese' 'Cambodian' 'Malaysian' 'Laotian' etc. 31. For example 'Iranian' 'Afghan' etc. 32. The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese' 'West Indian' 'Tibetan' 'Polynesian' 'Pacific Islander' etc. 33. Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles e.g. 'Black' and 'South Asian.' 34. Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group. 35. This is a total population estimate.  The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the NHS. 36. Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g. 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Maritimer' 'Manitoban'). 37. Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g. 'British' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Celtic'). 38. Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g. 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Liechtensteiner'). 39. Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g. 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Faroese' 'Scandinavian'). 40. Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g. 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Baltic'). 41. Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g. 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Gibraltarian'). 42. Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g. 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Central European'). 43. Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g. 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Guadelupian' 'Aruban'). 44. Includes general responses indicating Latin Central or South American origins (e.g. 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Surinamese'). 45. Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g. 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Ewe' 'Wolof'). 46. Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g. 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Maghreb'). 47. Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g. 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Hutu' 'Shona'). 48. Some respondents may choose to provide very specific ethnic origins in the National Household Survey (NHS) while other respondents may choose to give more general responses. This means that two respondents with the same ethnic ancestry could have different response patterns and thus could be counted as having different ethnic origins. For example one respondent may report 'East Indian' ethnic origin while another respondent with a similar ancestral background may report 'Punjabi' or 'South Asian' origins; one respondent may report 'Black' while another similar respondent may report 'Ghanaian' or 'African.' As a result ethnic origin data are very fluid and counts for certain origins such as 'East Indian' and 'Black' may seem lower than initially expected. Users who wish to obtain broader response counts may wish to combine data for one or more ethnic origins together or use counts for ethnic categories such as 'South Asian origins' or 'African origins.' (Please note however that 'African origins' should not be considered equivalent to the 'Black' population group or visible minority status as there are persons reporting African origins who report a population group or visible minority status other than 'Black.' Conversely many people report a population group or visible minority status of 'Black' and do not report having 'African' origins. For information on population group and visible minority population in the 2011 NHS refer to the appropriate definitions in this publication.) 49. Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g. 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Saharan'). 50. Includes general responses indicating West Asian Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g. 'West Asian' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Baloch' 'Circassian'). 51. Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g. 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Bhutanese'). 52. Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g. 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Bruneian' 'Karen'). 53. Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g. 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Eurasian'). 54. Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g. 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Tahitian'). 55. Religion refers to the person's self-identification as having a connection or affiliation with any religious denomination group body sect cult or other religiously defined community or system of belief. Religion is not limited to formal membership in a religious organization or group. Persons without a religious connection or affiliation can self-identify as atheist agnostic or humanist or can provide another applicable response. 56. 'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person that is First Nations (North American Indian) Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act 1982 section 35 (2) as including the Indian Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. 57. Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011 there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide National Household Survey (NHS) 2011. 58. 'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian) Métis or Inuk (Inuit). 59. 'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian) Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band. 60. Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.' Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians. 61. This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ancestries in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ancestry (ethnic origin) in the National Household Survey. 62. 'Aboriginal ancestry' includes persons who reported one or more than one of First Nations (North American Indian) Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17 either with or without also reporting a non-Aboriginal ancestry. The sum of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry' 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' is thus greater than the sum of the total for 'Aboriginal ancestry' because persons who reported more than one Aboriginal ancestry are included in the response category for each Aboriginal ancestry they reported. All respondents with Aboriginal ancestry are counted in at least one of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry' 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' and also in the category 'Aboriginal ancestry.' Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act 1982 section 35 (2) as including the Indian Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the respondent's ancestors an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin. 63. 'Non-Aboriginal ancestry only' includes persons who did not report First Nations (North American Indian) Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17. 64. Refers to languages other than English or French in which the respondent can conduct a conversation. The category 'Non-official languages spoken' represents the sum of single language responses and multiple language responses received in the National Household Survey. Hence this total is greater than the total population. 65. Cree languages include the following categories: Cree not otherwise specified (which refers to those who reported 'Cree') Swampy Cree Plains Cree Woods Cree and a category labelled 'Cree not included elsewhere' (which includes Moose Cree Northern East Cree and Southern East Cree). 66. This is a subtotal of all Aboriginal languages collected on May 10 2011 that are not displayed separately here. 67. This is a subtotal of all non-Aboriginal languages other than English or French collected on May 10 2011 that are not displayed separately here. 68. Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day May 10 2011 in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city town township village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city town township village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date. 69. Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day May 10 2011 in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city town township village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city town township village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date. 70. 'Highest certificate diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom. For further definitions refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection dissemination or data quality for this variable refer to the Education Reference Guide National Household Survey Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006. 71. 'High school diploma or equivalent' includes persons who have graduated from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate diploma or degree. 72. 'Postsecondary certificate diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas' 'college CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates diplomas and degrees. 73. 'Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma' includes Registered Apprenticeship certificates (including Certificate of Qualification Journeyperson's designation) and other trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges institutes of technology vocational centres and similar institutions. 74. Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' was over-reported in the NHS. This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g. university transfer programs bachelor's programs completed in other countries incomplete bachelor's programs non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' category with caution. 75. 'University certificate diploma or degree above bachelor level' includes the categories 'University certificate or diploma above bachelor level' 'Degree in medicine dentistry veterinary medicine or optometry' 'Master's degree' and 'Earned doctorate.' 76. 'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings' a CIP variant. For more information on the CIP classification see the Classification of Instructional Programs Canada 2011 Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm. For any comments on collection dissemination or data quality for this variable refer to the Education Reference Guide National Household Survey Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006. 77. 'No postsecondary certificate diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed a registered apprenticeship certificate (including Certificate of Qualification Journeyperson's designation) or other trades certificate or diploma a college CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma or a university certificate diploma or degree. 78. Called 'Health parks recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000. 79. Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies other.' 80. 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence' indicates whether the 'Location of study' is the same as the province or territory of residence in 2011 a different Canadian province or territory or outside Canada. 'Location of study' refers to the province territory or country of the institution where the highest certificate diploma or degree above the high school level was completed. Users should be aware that some respondents may have reported the physical location of study rather than the location of the certificate diploma or degree-granting institution. This could affect the responses of those who obtained a certificate diploma or degree through a joint program or by distance learning with credentials granted in another province or country. In particular a number of persons reported a location of study for a university credential in one of the territories (Yukon Northwest Territories Nunavut) even though there were no educational institutions in the territories with the authority to grant university degrees. For any other comments on collection dissemination or data quality for this variable or 'Location of study' refer to the Education Reference Guide National Household Survey Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006. 81. Population by language used most often at work . Refers to the language used most often at work as reported on May 10 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1 2010. 82. Cree languages include the following categories: Cree not otherwise specified (which refers to those who reported 'Cree') Swampy Cree Plains Cree Woods Cree and a category labelled 'Cree not included elsewhere' (which includes Moose Cree Northern East Cree and Southern East Cree). 83. Refers to whether a person was employed unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday May 1 to Saturday May 7 2011. In the past this variable was called Labour force activity. 84. Refers to whether an employed person is an employee or is self-employed. The self-employed include persons with or without a business as well as unpaid family workers.  85. Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1 2010 only. 86. Experienced labour force refers to persons who during the week of Sunday May 1 to Saturday May 7 2011 were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011. 87. Includes self-employed with an incorporated business and self-employed with an unincorporated business. Also included among the self-employed are unpaid family workers. 88. Refers to the kind of work performed by persons during the week of Sunday May 1 to Saturday May 7 2011 as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The 2011 National Household Survey occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2011.  89. Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1 2010 only. 90. Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007. 91. Refers to the number of weeks in which a person worked for pay or in self-employment in 2010 at all jobs held even if only for a few hours and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week). 92. Includes persons who never worked persons who worked prior to 2010 only or persons who worked in 2011 only. 93. Refers to persons who worked for pay or in self-employment in 2010. These persons were asked to report whether the weeks they worked in 2010 were full-time weeks (30 hours or more per week) or not on the basis of all jobs held. Persons with a part-time job for part of the year and a full-time job for another part of the year were to report the information for the job at which they worked the most weeks. 94. Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home worked outside Canada had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work). 95. Refers to the main mode of transportation a respondent uses to travel between his or her home and his or her place of work. 96. Refers to how many minutes it took for a person to travel from home to work. Median commuting duration is the value which divides the commuting duration into two equal halves i.e. the commuting duration of individuals for the first half is below the median while the commuting distance of individuals for the second half is above the median. 97. Time at which a respondent usually leaves home to go to work. 98. Condition of dwelling - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions. 99. Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. 100. Includes data up to May 10 2011. 101. Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms halls vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g. L-shaped dining room and living room arrangements). 102. Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now even if they were not originally built as bedrooms such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition one-room private dwellings such as studio apartments have zero bedrooms. 103. Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling or whether the dwelling is band housing (on an Indian reserve or settlement). 104. Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others. 105. Household maintainer - Refers to whether or not a person residing in the household is responsible for paying the rent or the mortgage or the taxes or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making such payments the reference person is identified by default. 106. Primary household maintainer - First person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent or the mortgage or the taxes or the electricity bill and so on for the dwelling. The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which the respondent lists the persons on the questionnaire. Generally an adult is listed first followed if applicable by that person's spouse or common-law partner and by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by the person. Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date that is before May 10 2011. 107. Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling. 108. Housing suitability - Housing suitability refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms as calculated using the National Occupancy Standard. Housing suitability assesses the required number of bedrooms for a household based on the age sex and relationships among household members. An alternative variable the number of persons per room considers all rooms in a private dwelling and the number of household members. Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies. 109. Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Percentage of a household's average total monthly income which is spent on shelter-related expenses. Those expenses include the monthly rent (for tenants) or the mortgage payment property taxes and condominium fees (for owners) and the costs of electricity heat municipal services etc. The percentage is calculated by dividing the total shelter-related expenses by the household's total monthly income and multiplying the result by 100. Includes owner and tenant households in non-farm non-reserve private dwellings with household total income greater than zero in 2010 (i.e. excludes negative or zero household total income). The relatively high shelter costs to household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2011 while household total income is reported for the year 2010. As well for some households the 2010 household total income may represent income for only part of a year. Household total income - The total income of a household is the sum of the total incomes of all members of that household. Total income refers to the total of income from all sources including employment income income from government programs pension income investment income and any other money income before income taxes and deductions during the calendar year 2010. 110. Presence of mortgage - Refers to whether the owner households reported mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling. 111. Shelter-cost-to-income ratio for owner households - Percentage of an owner household's average total monthly income which is spent on shelter-related expenses. Those expenses include the mortgage payment property taxes and condominium fees and the costs of electricity heat municipal services etc. The percentage is calculated by dividing the total shelter-related expenses by the household's total monthly income and multiplying the result by 100. Includes owner households in non-farm non-reserve private dwellings with household total income greater than zero in 2010 (i.e. excludes negative or zero household total income). The relatively high shelter costs to household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2011 while household total income is reported for the year 2010. As well for some households the 2010 household total income may represent income for only part of a year. Household total income - The total income of a household is the sum of the total incomes of all members of that household. Total income refers to the total of income from all sources including employment income income from government programs pension income investment income and any other money income before income taxes and deductions during the calendar year 2010. 112. Shelter cost for owned dwellings - Includes all shelter expenses paid by households that own their dwellings such as the mortgage payment and the costs of electricity heat water and other municipal services property taxes and condominium fees. 113. Value of dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the dwelling were to be sold. 114. Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income social housing public housing government-assisted housing non-profit housing rent supplements and housing allowances. 115. Shelter-cost-to-income ratio for tenant households - Percentage of a tenant household's average total monthly income which is spent on shelter-related expenses. Those expenses include the monthly rent and the costs of electricity heat municipal services etc. The percentage is calculated by dividing the total shelter-related expenses by the household's total monthly income and multiplying the result by 100. Includes tenant households in non-farm non-reserve private dwellings with household total income greater than zero in 2010 (i.e. excludes negative or zero household total income). The relatively high shelter costs to household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2011 while household total income is reported for the year 2010. As well for some households the 2010 household total income may represent income for only part of a year. Household total income - The total income of a household is the sum of the total incomes of all members of that household. Total income refers to the total of income from all sources including employment income income from government programs pension income investment income and any other money income before income taxes and deductions during the calendar year 2010. 116. Shelter costs for rented dwellings - Includes all shelter expenses paid by households that rent their dwellings such as the monthly rent and the costs of electricity heat and municipal services. 117. Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources before income taxes and deductions during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages salaries tips commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources such as social assistance child benefits employment insurance old age security pension Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources such as dividends and interest on bonds accounts GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income such as child support payments received spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts such as lottery winnings gambling winnings cash inheritances lump sum insurance settlements capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans Canada and Quebec pension plans and employment insurance. Finally voluntary inter-household transfers imputed rent goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition. Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves i.e. the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g. males aged 45 to 54 years). Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g. males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group. Median and average of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative). Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date that is before May 10 2011. 118. Including loss. 119. For population with income. 120. After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010. Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves i.e. the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g. males aged 45 to 54 years). Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g. males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group. Median and average of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative). Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date that is before May 10 2011. 121. Including loss. 122. For population with after-tax income. 123. Composition of income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area. Total income - Total of income from all sources including employment income income from government programs pension income investment income and any other money income. Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date that is before May 10 2011. 124. Market income - Refers to the sum of employment income (wages and salaries net farm income and net income from non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice) investment income retirement pensions superannuation and annuities (including those from RRSPs and RRIFs) and other money income. It is equivalent to total income before tax minus all government transfers and is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes. 125. Earnings or employment income - Total wages and salaries and net income from self-employment. 126. Wages and salaries - Refers to gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income tax pensions and Employment Insurance. Included in this source are military pay and allowances tips commissions and cash bonuses benefits from wage-loss replacement plans or income-maintenance insurance plans supplementary unemployment benefits from an employer or union as well as all types of casual earnings during calendar year 2010. Other employment income such as taxable benefits research grants and royalties are included. 127. Self-employment net income - Refers to the total amount received by persons aged 15 years and over during calendar year 2010 as net farm income from self-employment or net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice. Net farm income - Refers to net income (gross receipts from farm sales minus depreciation and cost of operation) received during calendar year 2010 from the operation of a farm either on the respondent's own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships only the respondent's share of income was reported. Included with gross receipts are cash advances received in 2010 dividends from cooperatives rebates and farm-support payments to farmers from federal provincial and regional agricultural programs (for example milk subsidies and marketing board payments) and gross insurance proceeds such as payments from the AgriInvest and AgriStability programs. The value of income 'in kind' such as agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm is excluded. Net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice - Refers to net income (gross receipts minus expenses of operation such as wages rents and depreciation) received during calendar year 2010 from the respondent's non-farm unincorporated business or professional practice. In the case of partnerships only the respondent's share was reported. Also included is net income from persons babysitting in their own homes persons providing room and board to non-relatives self-employed fishers hunters and trappers operators of direct distributorships such as those selling and delivering cosmetics as well as freelance activities of artists writers music teachers hairdressers dressmakers etc. 128. Investment income - Refers to interest received during calendar year 2010 from deposits in banks trust companies cooperatives credit unions caisses populaires etc. as well as interest on savings certificates bonds and debentures and all dividends from both Canadian and foreign corporate stocks and mutual funds. Also included is other investment income from either Canadian or foreign sources such as net rents from real estate mortgage and loan interest received regular income from an estate or trust fund and interest from insurance policies. Does not include capital gains or losses. 129. Retirement pensions - Refers to all regular income received by the respondent during calendar year 2010 as the result of having been a member of a pension plan of one or more employers. It includes payments received from all annuities including payments from a Registered Retirement Income Fund (RRIF) a matured Registered Retirement Savings Plan (RRSP) in the form of a life annuity a fixed-term annuity or an income-averaging annuity contract; pensions paid to widow(er)s or other relatives of deceased pensioners; pensions of retired civil servants Armed Forces personnel and Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) officers; annuity payments received from the Canadian Government Annuities Fund an insurance company etc. Does not include lump-sum death benefits lump-sum benefits or withdrawals from a pension plan or RRSP or refunds of over-contributions. 130. Other money income - Refers to regular cash income received during calendar year 2010 and not reported in any of the other sources listed on the questionnaire. For example severance pay and retirement allowances alimony child support periodic support from other persons not in the household income from abroad (excluding dividends and interest) non refundable scholarships bursaries fellowships and study grants and artists' project grants are included. 131. Government transfer payments - Refers to all cash benefits received from federal provincial territorial or municipal governments during 2010. This variable is derived by summing the amounts reported in: the Old Age Security pension and Guaranteed Income Supplement Allowance and Allowance for the Survivor; benefits from Canada Pension Plan or Quebec Pension Plan; benefits from Employment Insurance; child benefits; other income from government sources. 132. Benefits from Canada or Quebec pension plan - Refers to benefits received during calendar year 2010 from the Canada or Quebec Pension Plan (For example retirement pensions survivors' benefits and disability pensions). Does not include lump-sum death benefits. 133. Old Age Security pensions and Guaranteed Income Supplement - Refers to Old Age Security pensions and Guaranteed Income Supplements paid to persons aged 65 years and over and to the Allowance or Allowance for the survivor paid to 60- to 64-year-old spouses of old age security recipients or widow(er)s by the federal government during the calendar year 2010. 134. Benefits from employment insurance - Refers to total Employment Insurance benefits received during calendar year 2010 before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment sickness maternity paternity adoption work sharing retraining and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal Employment Insurance Program or the Quebec Parental Insurance Program. 135. Child benefits - Refers to payments received under the Canada Child Tax Benefit program during calendar year 2010 by parents with dependent children under 18 years of age. Included with the Canada Child Tax Benefit is the National Child Benefit Supplement (NCBS) for low-income families with children. The NCBS is the federal contribution to the National Child Benefit (NCB) a joint initiative of federal provincial and territorial governments. Also included in this variable are child benefits child disability benefits and earned income supplements provided by certain provinces and territories and the Universal Child Care Benefit (UCCB). 136. Other income from government sources - Refers to all transfer payments excluding those covered as a separate income source (Canada Pension Plan or Quebec Pension Plan benefits Old Age Security pensions and Guaranteed Income Supplements Employment Insurance benefits and child benefits) received from federal provincial territorial or municipal programs during 2010. 137. Income tax paid - Refers to all federal provincial and territorial taxes paid on 2010 income. Federal provincial and territorial taxes paid refer to taxes on income after taking into account exemptions deductions non-refundable tax credits and the Quebec abatement. These taxes are obtained from the income tax files for persons who allowed access to their income tax data and from direct responses on the questionnaire for others. 138. After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal provincial and territorial taxes paid for 2010. 139. Net capital gains or losses - Refers to the net gains received or losses incurred during calendar year 2010 from the sale of capital property. This represents the proceeds of disposition minus the adjusted cost base of the property and outlays and expenses incurred to sell the property. Capital property includes depreciable property and any property which if sold would result in a capital gain or loss (for example cottages buildings and securities such as mutual funds). Non-taxable capital gains or losses on the sale of a principal residence are excluded. Net capital gains or losses are not included in the definition of Total income as published in standard products. Net capital gains or losses are not included in the concept of total income but are expressed here as a percentage to obtain a relative measure of size. 140. Earnings or employment income - Refers to total income received by persons 15 years of age and over during calendar year 2010 as wages and salaries net income from a non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice and/or net farm self-employment income. Wages and salaries - Refers to gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income tax pensions and Employment Insurance. Included in this source are military pay and allowances tips commissions and cash bonuses benefits from wage-loss replacement plans or income-maintenance insurance plans supplementary unemployment benefits from an employer or union as well as all types of casual earnings during calendar year 2010. Other employment income such as taxable benefits research grants and royalties are included. Net non-farm income from unincorporated business or professional practice - Refers to net income (gross receipts minus expenses of operation such as wages rents and depreciation) received during calendar year 2010 from the respondent's non-farm unincorporated business or professional practice. In the case of partnerships only the respondent's share was reported. Also included is net income from persons babysitting in their own homes persons providing room and board to non-relatives self-employed fishers hunters and trappers operators of direct distributorships such as those selling and delivering cosmetics as well as freelance activities of artists writers music teachers hairdressers dressmakers etc. Net farm income - Refers to net income (gross receipts from farm sales minus depreciation and cost of operation) received during calendar year 2010 from the operation of a farm either on the respondent's own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships only the respondent's share of income was reported. Included with gross receipts are cash advances received in 2010 dividends from cooperatives rebates and farm-support payments to farmers from federal provincial and regional agricultural programs (for example milk subsidies and marketing board payments) and gross insurance proceeds such as payments from the AgriInvest and AgriStability programs. The value of income 'in kind' such as agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm is excluded. Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution ranked by size of income into two halves i.e. the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the unrounded number of individuals (e.g. males aged 45 to 54 years) with income in that group. Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g. males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group. Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative). The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics for earnings. Work activity in 2010 - Refers to the number of weeks in which a person worked for pay or in self-employment in 2010 at all jobs held even if only for a few hours and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week). Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date that is before May 10 2011. 141. Economic family total income - The total income of an economic family is the sum of the total incomes of all members of that family. Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources before income taxes and deductions during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages salaries tips commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources such as social assistance child benefits employment insurance old age security pension Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources such as dividends and interest on bonds accounts GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income such as child support payments received spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts such as lottery winnings gambling winnings cash inheritances lump sum insurance settlements capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans Canada and Quebec pension plans and employment insurance. Finally voluntary inter-household transfers imputed rent goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition. After-tax income of economic families - The after-tax income of an economic family is the sum of the after-tax incomes of all members of that family. After-tax income of family members or persons not in families refers to total income from all sources minus federal provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010. Median income of economic families - The median income of a specified group of families is that amount which divides their income size distribution ranked by size of income into two halves. That is the incomes of the first half of the families are below the median while those of the second half are above the median. Median incomes of families are normally calculated for all units in the specified group whether or not they reported income. Average income of economic families - Average income of economic families refers to the weighted mean total income of families in 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of families (for example husband-wife families with working wives) by the number of families in that group whether or not they reported income. The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics on the after-tax income of economic families. Economic family - Refers to a group of two or more persons who live in the same dwelling and are related to each other by blood marriage common-law adoption or a foster relationship. A couple may be of opposite or same sex. 142. Economic family structure - Refers to the classification of economic families as couple families lone-parent families or other economic families. Couple families - Those in which a member of either a married or common-law couple is the economic family reference person. Lone-parent families - Those in which either a male or female lone parent is the economic family reference person. Other economic families - Those in which the economic family reference person has other relatives but does not have a married spouse or common-law partner or a child in their census family. 143. Economic family structure - Refers to the classification of economic families as couple families lone-parent families or other economic families. Couple families - Those in which a member of either a married or common-law couple is the economic family reference person. Lone-parent families - Those in which either a male or female lone parent is the economic family reference person. Other economic families - Those in which the economic family reference person has other relatives but does not have a married spouse or common-law partner or a child in their census family. Presence of children - Refers to the number of children in private households by age groups. To be included children must live in the same household as the family without a married spouse common-law partner or one or more of their children living in the same household. In a census family they may be children by birth marriage or adoption. In an economic family foster children are also included. 144. Economic family structure - Refers to the classification of economic families as couple families lone-parent families or other economic families. Couple families - Those in which a member of either a married or common-law couple is the economic family reference person. Lone-parent families - Those in which either a male or female lone parent is the economic family reference person. Other economic families - Those in which the economic family reference person has other relatives but does not have a married spouse or common-law partner or a child in their census family. 145. Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources before income taxes and deductions during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages salaries tips commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources such as social assistance child benefits employment insurance old age security pension Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources such as dividends and interest on bonds accounts GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income such as child support payments received spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts such as lottery winnings gambling winnings cash inheritances lump sum insurance settlements capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans Canada and Quebec pension plans and employment insurance. Finally voluntary inter-household transfers imputed rent goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition. After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010. Median income of persons not in economic families - The median income of a specified group of persons not in economic families (for example males aged 55 to 64) is that amount which divides their income size distribution ranked by size of income into two halves. That is the incomes of the first half of the persons are below the median while those of the second half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in economic families are normally calculated for all units in the specified group whether or not they reported income. Average income of persons not in economic families - Average income of persons not in economic families refers to the weighted mean total income of the persons not in economic families in 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of persons not in economic families by the number of persons in that group whether or not they reported income. The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics on the after-tax income of persons not in economic families. Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date that is before May 10 2011. Economic family persons refer to two or more household members who are related to each other by blood marriage common-law adoption or a foster relationship and thereby constitute an economic family. Persons not in economic families refer to household members who do not belong to an economic family including persons living alone. 146. Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero). 147. Calculation includes persons not in economic families without after-tax income (with an after-tax income of zero). 148. Adjusted after-tax income for economic families and persons not in economic families - For economic family members this refers to economic family after-tax income that has been adjusted by a factor that accounts for family size. The adjustment factor takes into account the lower relative needs of additional family members as compared to a single person living alone. For use with the NHS income data the adjusted after-tax income is computed as the economic family after-tax income divided by the square root of family size. For persons not in economic families the adjusted after-tax income is set at after-tax income. This is equivalent to a factor of 1.0 for a person not in an economic family. Decile of adjusted after-tax family income - The deciles divide the population ranked by size of adjusted after-tax family income into 10 groups of equal size. The population in the bottom decile is the one who falls in the lower 10 percent of the adjusted after-tax family income distribution. The population in the top decile is the one who falls in the highest ten percent of the adjusted after-tax family income distribution. The 10 groups were formed with the full population in private households of Canada whether or not they reported income. 149. Household total income - The total income of a household is the sum of the total incomes of all members of that household. Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources before income taxes and deductions during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages salaries tips commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources such as social assistance child benefits employment insurance old age security pension Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources such as dividends and interest on bonds accounts GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income such as child support payments received spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts such as lottery winnings gambling winnings cash inheritances lump sum insurance settlements capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans Canada and Quebec pension plans and employment insurance. Finally voluntary inter-household transfers imputed rent goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition. Household private - Refers to a person or a group of persons (other than foreign residents) who occupy the same private dwelling and do not have a usual place of residence elsewhere in Canada. Household members who are temporarily absent on May 10 2011 (e.g. temporarily residing elsewhere) are considered as part of their usual household. Every person is a member of one and only one household. 150. After-tax income of households - The after-tax income of a household is the sum of the after-tax incomes of all members of that household. After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010. Household private - Refers to a person or a group of persons (other than foreign residents) who occupy the same private dwelling and do not have a usual place of residence elsewhere in Canada. Household members who are temporarily absent on May 10 2011 (e.g. temporarily residing elsewhere) are considered as part of their usual household. Every person is a member of one and only one household. 151. Household total income - The total income of a household is the sum of the total incomes of all members of that household. After-tax income of households - The after-tax income of a household is the sum of the after-tax incomes of all members of that household. Total income - Total of income from all sources including employment income income from government programs pension income investment income and any other money income. After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010. Median income of households - The median income of a specified group of households is that amount which divides their income size distribution ranked by size of income into two halves. That is the incomes of the first half of the households are below the median while those of the second half are above the median. Median incomes of households are normally calculated for all units in the specified group whether or not they reported income. Average income of households - Average income of households refers to the weighted mean total income of households in 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of households (for example two person households) by the number of households in that specific group whether or not they reported income. The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics on the after-tax income of households. Household private - Refers to a person or a group of persons (other than foreign residents) who occupy the same private dwelling and do not have a usual place of residence elsewhere in Canada. Household members who are temporarily absent on May 10 2011 (e.g. temporarily residing elsewhere) are considered as part of their usual household. Every person is a member of one and only one household. 152. Household size - Refers to the number of usual residents in a private household. 153. Income status can be measured in several different ways in household surveys. For the standard products of the National Household Survey the line chosen is a relative measure: the after-tax low-income measure (LIM-AT). For this measure the income used is after-tax income of households. There are no regional variations to account for prices or cost of living differences: all applicable households in Canada face the same line adjusted for household size. This line is set at half the median of adjusted household after-tax income. To account for potential economies of scale the income of households with more than one member is divided by the square root of the size of the household. All household members are considered to share the household income and are attributed the same income status. Note: Low-income estimates in the 2011 National Household Survey. For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) low-income statistics are presented based on the after-tax low-income measure (LIM-AT). This measure is not related to the low-income cut-offs (LICO) presented in the 2006 Census and prevalence rates are conceptually not comparable. Because of the sensitivity of certain income indicators to differences in methodology and response patterns direct comparisons to establish trends with low-income estimates from other household surveys administrative programs or the 2006 Census are discouraged. The prevalence rates observed in the NHS at the national level are generally 1 to 2 percentage points higher than seen for similar concepts in other programs. However analysis of the NHS data suggests that it is valid to compare low-income data for different sub-populations within the NHS (i.e. for different geographic areas or demographic groups). For more information refer to the Income Reference Guide National Household Survey Catalogue no. 99-014-X2011006. Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date that is before May 10 2011. Source: Statistics Canada; 2011 National Household Survey. How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2013. National Household Survey Profile. 2011 National Household Survey. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 99-004-XWE. Ottawa. Released June 26 2013. http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E