Canada (Province) GNR=26.1 Topic Characteristics Note Total Flag_Total Male Flag_Male Female Flag_Female Citizenship Total population in private households by citizenship 1 32852325 16163115 16689210 Citizenship Canadian citizens 30895310 15232595 15662710 Citizenship Canadian citizens aged under 18 6576425 3381280 3195140 Citizenship Canadian citizens aged 18 and over 24318885 11851320 12467565 Citizenship Not Canadian citizens 2 1957015 930520 1026495 Immigrant status and period of immigration Total population in private households by immigrant status and period of immigration 3 32852320 16163110 16689210 Immigrant status and period of immigration Non-immigrants 4 25720175 12753235 12966935 Immigrant status and period of immigration Immigrants 5 6775765 3231370 3544400 Immigrant status and period of immigration Before 1971 1261055 605430 655625 Immigrant status and period of immigration 1971 to 1980 870775 416670 454105 Immigrant status and period of immigration 1981 to 1990 949890 454570 495325 Immigrant status and period of immigration 1991 to 2000 1539050 724905 814145 Immigrant status and period of immigration 2001 to 2011 6 2154990 1029790 1125200 Immigrant status and period of immigration 2001 to 2005 992070 474545 517530 Immigrant status and period of immigration 2006 to 2011 6 1162915 555245 607670 Immigrant status and period of immigration Non-permanent residents 7 356385 178515 177870 Age at immigration Total immigrant population in private households by age at immigration 8 6775765 3231365 3544400 Age at immigration Under 5 years 671795 332650 339145 Age at immigration 5 to 14 years 1186050 601430 584620 Age at immigration 15 to 24 years 1540430 698480 841950 Age at immigration 25 to 44 years 2767110 1320925 1446185 Age at immigration 45 years and over 610385 277885 332500 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Total population in private households by immigrant status and selected places of birth 9 32852320 16163110 16689210 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Non-immigrants 10 25720170 12753235 12966940 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Born in province of residence 21853870 10848700 11005170 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Born outside province of residence 3866305 1904535 1961770 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Immigrants 11 6775765 3231365 3544400 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Americas 1060230 478150 582085 Immigrant status and selected places of birth United States 263475 117035 146440 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Jamaica 126035 52655 73380 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Guyana 87945 39105 48840 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Haiti 80100 34785 45310 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Mexico 69695 32760 36930 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Trinidad and Tobago 67205 30150 37055 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Colombia 60555 28555 32000 Immigrant status and selected places of birth El Salvador 43655 21995 21660 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Peru 26715 11745 14965 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Chile 25195 12395 12800 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Other places of birth in Americas 209665 96975 112690 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Europe 2127785 1033830 1093955 Immigrant status and selected places of birth United Kingdom 12 537040 257285 279755 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Italy 256825 129970 126855 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Germany 152345 72335 80010 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Poland 152290 68855 83435 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Portugal 138520 67895 70625 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Netherlands 98510 50200 48315 Immigrant status and selected places of birth France 90440 46900 43540 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Romania 82595 39635 42955 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Russian Federation 73030 32945 40080 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Greece 66475 34090 32385 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Ukraine 65455 29340 36115 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Croatia 40010 19475 20540 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Hungary 38985 19190 19790 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Bosnia and Herzegovina 35885 18290 17595 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Serbia 32600 15780 16820 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Ireland; Republic of 28040 13485 14555 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Other places of birth in Europe 238740 118170 120565 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Africa 492030 251025 241000 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Morocco 56275 29560 26715 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Algeria 51085 27350 23735 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Egypt 49935 26630 23305 Immigrant status and selected places of birth South Africa; Republic of 40550 20075 20480 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Nigeria 27625 14520 13105 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Ethiopia 24535 11840 12695 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Kenya 24510 11485 13030 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Other places of birth in Africa 217510 109565 107940 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Asia 3041105 1441670 1599430 Immigrant status and selected places of birth India 547890 271490 276395 Immigrant status and selected places of birth China 13 545535 247815 297715 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Philippines 454340 190120 264220 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Hong Kong Special Administrative Region 205430 97005 108420 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Viet Nam 14 165125 77945 87180 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Pakistan 156860 80410 76450 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Sri Lanka 132130 65655 66475 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Iran 15 120685 61780 58905 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Korea; South 16 112400 52815 59585 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Lebanon 81105 43415 37695 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Taiwan 66455 30560 35900 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Iraq 49515 25635 23885 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Bangladesh 45320 23410 21915 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Afghanistan 40945 20650 20290 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Japan 25805 8000 17805 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Turkey 25275 13420 11855 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Other places of birth in Asia 266285 131540 134745 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Oceania and other 17 54625 26690 27935 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Fiji 24290 11415 12875 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Other places of birth 18 30330 15275 15055 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Non-permanent residents 19 356385 178510 177870 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Total recent immigrant population in private households by selected places of birth 20 1162915 555250 607670 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Americas 188730 90345 98380 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth United States 45015 22225 22790 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Mexico 22310 10740 11570 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Cuba 5555 2910 2645 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Haiti 19305 8690 10615 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Jamaica 9800 4775 5035 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Brazil 9540 4460 5075 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Colombia 27555 13255 14300 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Guyana 6010 2585 3425 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Peru 6410 2735 3675 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Venezuela 21 6185 2995 3190 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Other places of birth in Americas 31045 14980 16065 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Europe 159750 79565 80180 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth France 20380 10745 9640 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Germany 10455 5255 5205 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Poland 5365 1995 3375 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Romania 13370 6145 7220 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Moldova 22 6570 3255 3315 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Russian Federation 17100 7680 9415 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Ukraine 12385 5465 6925 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth United Kingdom 12 32965 18320 14645 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Other places of birth in Europe 41160 20710 20450 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Africa 145725 73470 72250 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Nigeria 13035 6695 6345 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Ethiopia 6595 3055 3535 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Mauritius 4195 2070 2120 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Somalia 4315 2040 2270 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Algeria 21240 10560 10675 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Egypt 11105 5865 5240 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Morocco 20295 10240 10055 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Tunisia 4755 2865 1895 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Cameroon 5425 2780 2645 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Congo; The Democratic Republic of the 5865 2720 3150 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth South Africa; Republic of 5660 2730 2930 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Other places of birth in Africa 43230 21845 21385 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Asia 661570 307935 353635 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Philippines 152270 66980 85285 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth China 13 122090 54290 67800 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth India 121415 60075 61345 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Pakistan 35040 16890 18155 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Iran 15 30295 14865 15425 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth South Korea 16 27665 12720 14945 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Sri Lanka 21430 10175 11260 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Iraq 16915 8365 8550 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Bangladesh 14110 7050 7060 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Lebanon 12420 6640 5780 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Viet Nam 14 11275 4235 7045 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Taiwan 9295 4255 5040 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Afghanistan 8425 4325 4100 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Japan 6385 1660 4720 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Turkey 5855 3110 2745 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Israel 5230 2610 2625 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Nepal 5210 2725 2490 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Hong Kong Special Administrative Region 4805 1940 2865 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth United Arab Emirates 4800 2440 2355 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Saudi Arabia 4345 2440 1900 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Syria 23 4150 2145 2005 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Other places of birth in Asia 38140 18005 20140 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Oceania and other 17 7150 3930 3215 Generation status Total population in private households by generation status 24 32852320 16163115 16689210 Generation status First generation 25 7217295 3454225 3763070 Generation status Second generation 26 5702725 2840860 2861860 Generation status Third generation or more 27 19932300 9868025 10064275 Visible minority population Total population in private households by visible minority 32852320 16163110 16689210 Visible minority population Total visible minority population 28 6264750 3043010 3221745 Visible minority population South Asian 29 1567400 790755 776650 Visible minority population Chinese 1324750 632325 692420 Visible minority population Black 945665 453005 492660 Visible minority population Filipino 619310 268885 350425 Visible minority population Latin American 381280 186355 194925 Visible minority population Arab 380620 203485 177140 Visible minority population Southeast Asian 30 312075 154035 158045 Visible minority population West Asian 31 206840 105620 101220 Visible minority population Korean 161130 77165 83965 Visible minority population Japanese 87270 38270 48990 Visible minority population Visible minority; n.i.e. 32 106475 49770 56705 Visible minority population Multiple visible minorities 33 171935 83335 88600 Visible minority population Not a visible minority 34 26587575 13120105 13467465 Ethnic origin population Total population in private households by ethnic origins 35 32852325 16163110 16689210 Ethnic origin population North American Aboriginal origins 1836035 885675 950360 Ethnic origin population First Nations (North American Indian) 1369115 658050 711065 Ethnic origin population Inuit 72615 35895 36720 Ethnic origin population Métis 447655 217405 230250 Ethnic origin population Other North American origins 11070455 5462685 5607770 Ethnic origin population Acadian 115900 56435 59460 Ethnic origin population American 372575 179465 193115 Ethnic origin population Canadian 10563805 5214090 5349715 Ethnic origin population New Brunswicker 1895 860 1040 Ethnic origin population Newfoundlander 22035 11580 10460 Ethnic origin population Nova Scotian 2845 1400 1445 Ethnic origin population Ontarian 3860 1800 2065 Ethnic origin population Québécois 193885 97450 96430 Ethnic origin population Other North American origins; n.i.e. 36 4050 2010 2040 Ethnic origin population European origins 20157965 9913150 10244820 Ethnic origin population British Isles origins 11343705 5531110 5812600 Ethnic origin population Channel Islander 3325 1740 1590 Ethnic origin population Cornish 1765 1005 750 Ethnic origin population English 6509500 3159130 3350365 Ethnic origin population Irish 4544865 2155710 2389160 Ethnic origin population Manx 4730 2410 2315 Ethnic origin population Scottish 4714965 2284200 2430770 Ethnic origin population Welsh 458705 219565 239135 Ethnic origin population British Isles origins; n.i.e. 37 576030 275345 300685 Ethnic origin population French origins 5077215 2476125 2601090 Ethnic origin population Alsatian 2700 1280 1420 Ethnic origin population Breton 14290 7105 7190 Ethnic origin population French 5065690 2470555 2595130 Ethnic origin population Western European origins (except French origins) 4439950 2179305 2260650 Ethnic origin population Austrian 197990 97350 100640 Ethnic origin population Belgian 176620 87360 89260 Ethnic origin population Dutch 1067245 526105 541140 Ethnic origin population Flemish 13840 6880 6970 Ethnic origin population Frisian 5055 2715 2335 Ethnic origin population German 3203325 1568295 1635030 Ethnic origin population Luxembourger 3790 1915 1875 Ethnic origin population Swiss 146830 72895 73935 Ethnic origin population Western European origins; n.i.e. 38 2740 1380 1355 Ethnic origin population Northern European origins (except British Isles origins) 1164425 562395 602035 Ethnic origin population Danish 203080 98545 104535 Ethnic origin population Finnish 136215 65325 70890 Ethnic origin population Icelandic 94210 46140 48065 Ethnic origin population Norwegian 452710 220440 232270 Ethnic origin population Swedish 341845 160560 181280 Ethnic origin population Northern European origins; n.i.e. 39 43070 21650 21415 Ethnic origin population Eastern European origins 3142775 1532520 1610250 Ethnic origin population Bulgarian 30485 14965 15520 Ethnic origin population Byelorussian 15565 7240 8320 Ethnic origin population Czech 94805 46650 48150 Ethnic origin population Czechoslovakian; n.o.s. 40030 18980 21055 Ethnic origin population Estonian 23185 10575 12610 Ethnic origin population Hungarian 316760 156285 160480 Ethnic origin population Latvian 27355 13310 14040 Ethnic origin population Lithuanian 49130 24420 24710 Ethnic origin population Moldovan 8055 4095 3960 Ethnic origin population Polish 1010700 488180 522525 Ethnic origin population Romanian 204630 99560 105070 Ethnic origin population Russian 550515 264370 286145 Ethnic origin population Slovak 66545 32700 33845 Ethnic origin population Ukrainian 1251170 610890 640275 Ethnic origin population Eastern European origins; n.i.e. 40 11330 5665 5665 Ethnic origin population Southern European origins 2798395 1391820 1406575 Ethnic origin population Albanian 28270 14520 13745 Ethnic origin population Bosnian 22915 11610 11310 Ethnic origin population Croatian 114880 57845 57030 Ethnic origin population Cypriot 4820 2240 2580 Ethnic origin population Greek 252955 129805 123160 Ethnic origin population Italian 1488420 744730 743695 Ethnic origin population Kosovar 2765 1365 1400 Ethnic origin population Macedonian 36985 18740 18250 Ethnic origin population Maltese 38780 19555 19230 Ethnic origin population Montenegrin 2970 1555 1415 Ethnic origin population Portuguese 429850 213330 216525 Ethnic origin population Serbian 80320 40660 39655 Ethnic origin population Sicilian 5980 3130 2845 Ethnic origin population Slovenian 37175 18400 18775 Ethnic origin population Spanish 368305 173590 194715 Ethnic origin population Yugoslavian; n.o.s. 48320 23685 24635 Ethnic origin population Southern European origins; n.i.e. 41 965 450 520 Ethnic origin population Other European origins 371710 187060 184650 Ethnic origin population Basque 5565 2970 2600 Ethnic origin population Jewish 309650 154375 155275 Ethnic origin population Roma (Gypsy) 5255 2495 2760 Ethnic origin population Slavic; n.o.s. 4660 2445 2220 Ethnic origin population Other European origins; n.i.e. 42 48765 25990 22770 Ethnic origin population Caribbean origins 627590 291640 335945 Ethnic origin population Antiguan 3630 1925 1705 Ethnic origin population Bahamian 2505 1395 1110 Ethnic origin population Barbadian 34340 15660 18680 Ethnic origin population Bermudan 2765 1290 1475 Ethnic origin population Carib 3295 1365 1930 Ethnic origin population Cuban 21440 10500 10940 Ethnic origin population Dominican 16715 8055 8660 Ethnic origin population Grenadian 14890 6605 8280 Ethnic origin population Haitian 137995 63915 74075 Ethnic origin population Jamaican 256915 119275 137640 Ethnic origin population Kittitian/Nevisian 2225 925 1300 Ethnic origin population Martinican 1415 765 655 Ethnic origin population Montserratan 825 440 380 Ethnic origin population Puerto Rican 2340 1170 1175 Ethnic origin population St. Lucian 6645 2700 3945 Ethnic origin population Trinidadian/Tobagonian 68230 32665 35560 Ethnic origin population Vincentian/Grenadinian 14180 6135 8045 Ethnic origin population West Indian; n.o.s. 56650 25820 30835 Ethnic origin population Caribbean origins; n.i.e. 43 21960 10025 11930 Ethnic origin population Latin; Central and South American origins 544375 264635 279740 Ethnic origin population Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Maya) 16685 7875 8810 Ethnic origin population Argentinian 16910 8375 8540 Ethnic origin population Belizean 1125 525 600 Ethnic origin population Bolivian 3780 1795 1985 Ethnic origin population Brazilian 25395 12520 12875 Ethnic origin population Chilean 38135 18835 19305 Ethnic origin population Colombian 76580 37050 39530 Ethnic origin population Costa Rican 5340 2555 2780 Ethnic origin population Ecuadorian 20115 9640 10475 Ethnic origin population Guatemalan 20765 10555 10215 Ethnic origin population Guyanese 75350 35065 40280 Ethnic origin population Hispanic 6495 3025 3470 Ethnic origin population Honduran 8720 4210 4510 Ethnic origin population Maya 4695 2425 2270 Ethnic origin population Mexican 96055 47900 48160 Ethnic origin population Nicaraguan 11445 5570 5875 Ethnic origin population Panamanian 3650 1675 1975 Ethnic origin population Paraguayan 3425 1775 1650 Ethnic origin population Peruvian 34385 15855 18530 Ethnic origin population Salvadorean 63965 32160 31805 Ethnic origin population Uruguayan 5500 2760 2735 Ethnic origin population Venezuelan 18165 8520 9645 Ethnic origin population Latin; Central and South American origins; n.i.e. 44 19985 9950 10035 Ethnic origin population African origins 766735 387360 379380 Ethnic origin population Central and West African origins 142780 73680 69100 Ethnic origin population Akan 1065 600 470 Ethnic origin population Angolan 1925 950 975 Ethnic origin population Ashanti 985 505 480 Ethnic origin population Beninese 2665 1455 1205 Ethnic origin population Burkinabe 1380 710 675 Ethnic origin population Cameroonian 10555 5525 5020 Ethnic origin population Chadian 1070 560 510 Ethnic origin population Congolese 24965 11975 12990 Ethnic origin population Gabonese 1105 560 540 Ethnic origin population Gambian 595 335 260 Ethnic origin population Ghanaian 29355 14965 14385 Ethnic origin population Guinean 4835 2455 2380 Ethnic origin population Ibo 2795 1475 1320 Ethnic origin population Ivorian 5200 2865 2335 Ethnic origin population Liberian 1695 940 755 Ethnic origin population Malian 2530 1200 1330 Ethnic origin population Nigerian 31735 16655 15075 Ethnic origin population Peulh 1370 715 655 Ethnic origin population Senegalese 6335 3345 2990 Ethnic origin population Sierra Leonean 1820 940 875 Ethnic origin population Togolese 3115 1775 1335 Ethnic origin population Yoruba 5340 2875 2465 Ethnic origin population Central and West African origins; n.i.e. 45 11390 5960 5435 Ethnic origin population North African origins 252055 132630 119415 Ethnic origin population Algerian 49110 25695 23415 Ethnic origin population Berber 25880 14270 11615 Ethnic origin population Coptic 3570 1795 1770 Ethnic origin population Dinka 715 450 265 Ethnic origin population Egyptian 73250 38210 35040 Ethnic origin population Libyan 5510 2965 2550 Ethnic origin population Maure 1040 605 430 Ethnic origin population Moroccan 71915 36640 35270 Ethnic origin population Sudanese 16595 8785 7810 Ethnic origin population Tunisian 15130 8750 6375 Ethnic origin population North African origins; n.i.e. 46 2875 1635 1245 Ethnic origin population Southern and East African origins 187140 91065 96075 Ethnic origin population Afrikaner 1945 970 975 Ethnic origin population Amhara 1305 720 585 Ethnic origin population Bantu; n.o.s. 1825 945 880 Ethnic origin population Burundian 7395 3755 3640 Ethnic origin population Eritrean 13430 6535 6895 Ethnic origin population Ethiopian 30810 15135 15670 Ethnic origin population Harari 675 265 415 Ethnic origin population Kenyan 8060 3820 4235 Ethnic origin population Malagasy 2925 1465 1455 Ethnic origin population Mauritian 6695 3015 3680 Ethnic origin population Oromo 1825 995 835 Ethnic origin population Rwandan 8100 3795 4310 Ethnic origin population Seychellois 1035 495 540 Ethnic origin population Somali 44995 21330 23665 Ethnic origin population South African 34000 16875 17130 Ethnic origin population Tanzanian 4065 1975 2090 Ethnic origin population Tigrian 1005 545 455 Ethnic origin population Ugandan 4535 2205 2335 Ethnic origin population Zambian 1425 695 730 Ethnic origin population Zimbabwean 6425 3130 3300 Ethnic origin population Zulu 840 470 370 Ethnic origin population Southern and East African origins; n.i.e. 47 14510 7200 7310 Ethnic origin population Other African origins 199900 97980 101920 Ethnic origin population Black; n.o.s. 48 25150 11595 13555 Ethnic origin population Other African origins; n.i.e. 49 177190 87605 89585 Ethnic origin population Asian origins 5011225 2435540 2575680 Ethnic origin population West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins 778470 402825 375640 Ethnic origin population Afghan 62815 31640 31175 Ethnic origin population Arab; n.o.s. 94640 52235 42405 Ethnic origin population Armenian 55745 28040 27700 Ethnic origin population Assyrian 10815 5630 5180 Ethnic origin population Azerbaijani 4580 2450 2130 Ethnic origin population Georgian 3155 1530 1625 Ethnic origin population Iranian 163290 83495 79800 Ethnic origin population Iraqi 49680 25245 24435 Ethnic origin population Israeli 15015 7330 7685 Ethnic origin population Jordanian 9425 5050 4370 Ethnic origin population Kazakh 2265 1095 1175 Ethnic origin population Kurd 11680 6295 5385 Ethnic origin population Kuwaiti 2240 1090 1150 Ethnic origin population Lebanese 190275 97840 92435 Ethnic origin population Palestinian 31245 16530 14720 Ethnic origin population Pashtun 3315 1715 1595 Ethnic origin population Saudi Arabian 7955 4680 3275 Ethnic origin population Syrian 40840 20575 20265 Ethnic origin population Tajik 2395 1150 1245 Ethnic origin population Tatar 2850 1370 1485 Ethnic origin population Turk 55435 28675 26755 Ethnic origin population Uighur 1155 540 615 Ethnic origin population Uzbek 2720 1305 1420 Ethnic origin population Yemeni 3945 2080 1865 Ethnic origin population West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins; n.i.e. 50 16540 9095 7440 Ethnic origin population South Asian origins 1615920 812980 802940 Ethnic origin population Bangladeshi 34205 17535 16670 Ethnic origin population Bengali 17960 9220 8740 Ethnic origin population East Indian 48 1165145 584245 580900 Ethnic origin population Goan 5125 2435 2690 Ethnic origin population Gujarati 5890 2890 3000 Ethnic origin population Kashmiri 2120 1105 1020 Ethnic origin population Nepali 9785 5020 4770 Ethnic origin population Pakistani 155310 80440 74870 Ethnic origin population Punjabi 76150 39045 37105 Ethnic origin population Sinhalese 7220 3635 3585 Ethnic origin population Sri Lankan 139415 69625 69795 Ethnic origin population Tamil 48965 24915 24045 Ethnic origin population South Asian origins; n.i.e. 51 53390 26925 26465 Ethnic origin population East and Southeast Asian origins 2650000 1236405 1413595 Ethnic origin population Burmese 7850 3770 4075 Ethnic origin population Cambodian (Khmer) 34340 16990 17345 Ethnic origin population Chinese 1487580 708975 778605 Ethnic origin population Filipino 662605 289055 373550 Ethnic origin population Hmong 830 430 400 Ethnic origin population Indonesian 18125 8655 9475 Ethnic origin population Japanese 109740 49155 60590 Ethnic origin population Korean 168890 80525 88360 Ethnic origin population Laotian 22090 11070 11020 Ethnic origin population Malaysian 14165 6490 7680 Ethnic origin population Mongolian 5350 2605 2750 Ethnic origin population Singaporean 2045 1000 1050 Ethnic origin population Taiwanese 30335 14305 16025 Ethnic origin population Thai 15080 6145 8935 Ethnic origin population Tibetan 5820 2915 2905 Ethnic origin population Vietnamese 220420 107010 113415 Ethnic origin population East and Southeast Asian origins; n.i.e. 52 9040 4410 4635 Ethnic origin population Other Asian origins 20115 10140 9975 Ethnic origin population Other Asian origins; n.i.e. 53 20115 10140 9975 Ethnic origin population Oceania origins 74875 37490 37385 Ethnic origin population Australian 36345 18455 17895 Ethnic origin population New Zealander 13890 7000 6890 Ethnic origin population Pacific Islands origins 25740 12570 13175 Ethnic origin population Fijian 17815 8730 9085 Ethnic origin population Hawaiian 3135 1465 1665 Ethnic origin population Maori 2015 915 1100 Ethnic origin population Polynesian; n.o.s. 860 445 420 Ethnic origin population Samoan 820 515 305 Ethnic origin population Pacific Islands origins; n.i.e. 54 1550 700 850 Religion Total population in private households by religion 55 32852320 16163115 16689210 Religion Buddhist 366830 168465 198365 Religion Christian 22102745 10497775 11604975 Religion Anglican 1631845 752945 878900 Religion Baptist 635840 293905 341940 Religion Catholic 12810705 6167290 6643415 Religion Christian Orthodox 550690 270205 280485 Religion Lutheran 478185 221525 256660 Religion Pentecostal 478705 217850 260850 Religion Presbyterian 472385 218955 253430 Religion United Church 2007610 912545 1095065 Religion Other Christian 3036780 1442550 1594230 Religion Hindu 497965 250435 247525 Religion Jewish 329495 161265 168235 Religion Muslim 1053945 540555 513395 Religion Sikh 454965 229435 225530 Religion Traditional (Aboriginal) Spirituality 64935 31805 33135 Religion Other religions 130835 57745 73090 Religion No religious affiliation 7850605 4225645 3624965 Aboriginal population Total population in private households by Aboriginal identity 32852325 16163110 16689210 Aboriginal population Aboriginal identity 56 1400685 682190 718500 Aboriginal population First Nations (North American Indian) single identity 57 851560 411785 439775 Aboriginal population Métis single identity 451795 223335 228460 Aboriginal population Inuk (Inuit) single identity 59440 29495 29950 Aboriginal population Multiple Aboriginal identities 58 11415 5525 5890 Aboriginal population Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere 59 26475 12055 14420 Aboriginal population Non-Aboriginal identity 31451640 15480920 15970715 Aboriginal population Total population in private households by Registered or Treaty Indian status 57 32852325 16163110 16689210 Aboriginal population Registered or Treaty Indian 60 697505 337410 360095 Aboriginal population Not a Registered or Treaty Indian 32154815 15825700 16329115 Aboriginal population Total population in private households by Aboriginal ancestry 61 32852325 16163115 16689210 Aboriginal population Aboriginal ancestry 62 1836035 885675 950360 Aboriginal population First Nations (North American Indian) Aboriginal ancestry 57 1369115 658055 711065 Aboriginal population Métis ancestry 447655 217400 230250 Aboriginal population Inuit ancestry 72615 35895 36720 Aboriginal population Non-Aboriginal ancestry only 63 31016285 15277440 15738850 Non-official languages spoken Total population in private households by non-official languages spoken 64 8165495 3923340 4242155 Non-official languages spoken Aboriginal languages 245115 119650 125470 Non-official languages spoken Algonquin 2395 1130 1270 Non-official languages spoken Atikamekw 6205 3255 2950 Non-official languages spoken Blackfoot 4395 2155 2245 Non-official languages spoken Cree languages 65 96690 47240 49450 Non-official languages spoken Mi'kmaq 8930 4295 4635 Non-official languages spoken Innu/Montagnais 11450 5550 5900 Non-official languages spoken Ojibway 25160 11985 13180 Non-official languages spoken Oji-Cree 10180 4990 5195 Non-official languages spoken Carrier 2010 980 1030 Non-official languages spoken Dene 12950 6415 6530 Non-official languages spoken Tlicho (Dogrib) 2385 1165 1220 Non-official languages spoken Slavey; n.o.s. 1815 920 900 Non-official languages spoken Stoney 3495 1690 1810 Non-official languages spoken Inuktitut 36945 18450 18500 Non-official languages spoken Other Aboriginal languages 66 23460 10990 12470 Non-official languages spoken Non-Aboriginal languages 7922260 3804700 4117565 Non-official languages spoken Italian 595600 290895 304705 Non-official languages spoken Portuguese 266950 131440 135510 Non-official languages spoken Romanian 97180 47160 50020 Non-official languages spoken Spanish 873395 406290 467105 Non-official languages spoken Dutch 135085 65120 69965 Non-official languages spoken Flemish 5620 2420 3205 Non-official languages spoken German 525480 257855 267630 Non-official languages spoken Yiddish 23750 11655 12090 Non-official languages spoken Danish 18165 9075 9085 Non-official languages spoken Norwegian 8895 4265 4630 Non-official languages spoken Swedish 14005 6195 7805 Non-official languages spoken Afrikaans 21870 10890 10985 Non-official languages spoken Gaelic languages 7195 3470 3725 Non-official languages spoken Bosnian 14280 7125 7155 Non-official languages spoken Bulgarian 20150 10050 10095 Non-official languages spoken Croatian 63445 31450 31990 Non-official languages spoken Czech 26640 12685 13960 Non-official languages spoken Macedonian 22130 10640 11490 Non-official languages spoken Polish 217735 100485 117255 Non-official languages spoken Russian 230755 109665 121095 Non-official languages spoken Serbian 65335 32645 32685 Non-official languages spoken Serbo-Croatian 11640 5765 5875 Non-official languages spoken Slovak 19030 8840 10180 Non-official languages spoken Slovenian 12290 5645 6645 Non-official languages spoken Ukrainian 144260 65090 79175 Non-official languages spoken Latvian 6955 3165 3790 Non-official languages spoken Lithuanian 8360 3905 4455 Non-official languages spoken Greek 150620 76470 74150 Non-official languages spoken Armenian 36235 17935 18305 Non-official languages spoken Albanian 25675 12960 12715 Non-official languages spoken Estonian 6780 2825 3955 Non-official languages spoken Finnish 18320 7635 10690 Non-official languages spoken Hungarian 73695 35320 38375 Non-official languages spoken Turkish 44080 23435 20640 Non-official languages spoken Berber languages (Kabyle) 7430 4105 3330 Non-official languages spoken Oromo 14195 7680 6520 Non-official languages spoken Somali 37115 16995 20120 Non-official languages spoken Amharic 24285 11960 12330 Non-official languages spoken Arabic 470965 249480 221485 Non-official languages spoken Hebrew 70695 36145 34545 Non-official languages spoken Maltese 7550 3785 3760 Non-official languages spoken Tigrigna 11280 5485 5800 Non-official languages spoken Semitic languages; n.i.e. 19975 9865 10115 Non-official languages spoken Bengali 69490 35910 33585 Non-official languages spoken Gujarati 118950 58755 60195 Non-official languages spoken Hindi 335420 170950 164470 Non-official languages spoken Konkani 5785 2770 3010 Non-official languages spoken Marathi 9695 4870 4820 Non-official languages spoken Panjabi (Punjabi) 545730 276725 269005 Non-official languages spoken Sindhi 15525 7210 8315 Non-official languages spoken Sinhala (Sinhalese) 23965 12340 11630 Non-official languages spoken Urdu 240745 123925 116815 Non-official languages spoken Nepali 11450 5905 5550 Non-official languages spoken Kurdish 11815 6360 5455 Non-official languages spoken Pashto 16515 8755 7755 Non-official languages spoken Persian (Farsi) 196110 99825 96285 Non-official languages spoken Indo-Iranian languages; n.i.e. 8615 4390 4220 Non-official languages spoken Kannada 5210 2715 2490 Non-official languages spoken Malayalam 22125 11545 10585 Non-official languages spoken Tamil 179465 89375 90090 Non-official languages spoken Telugu 12645 6500 6140 Non-official languages spoken Japanese 74690 33185 41505 Non-official languages spoken Korean 149035 70450 78590 Non-official languages spoken Cantonese 472510 221165 251350 Non-official languages spoken Fukien 6610 3020 3595 Non-official languages spoken Hakka 5345 2385 2965 Non-official languages spoken Mandarin 378605 176360 202245 Non-official languages spoken Taiwanese 15375 6965 8405 Non-official languages spoken Chinese; n.o.s. 419060 199785 219275 Non-official languages spoken Lao 17800 8875 8925 Non-official languages spoken Thai 13540 5620 7925 Non-official languages spoken Khmer (Cambodian) 26580 12910 13670 Non-official languages spoken Vietnamese 192070 91755 100315 Non-official languages spoken Bisayan languages 19690 7880 11810 Non-official languages spoken Ilocano 21880 8465 13410 Non-official languages spoken Malay 20715 9870 10850 Non-official languages spoken Tagalog (Pilipino;Filipino) 491075 200365 290705 Non-official languages spoken Akan (Twi) 19140 9100 10045 Non-official languages spoken Lingala 12185 5705 6475 Non-official languages spoken Rundi (Kirundi) 5860 2875 2980 Non-official languages spoken Rwanda (Kinyarwanda) 5525 2425 3100 Non-official languages spoken Swahili 31690 15785 15910 Non-official languages spoken Bantu languages; n.i.e. 13470 6675 6795 Non-official languages spoken Niger-Congo languages; n.i.e. 29240 15060 14180 Non-official languages spoken African languages; n.i.e. 14135 7660 6480 Non-official languages spoken Creoles 128555 58475 70090 Non-official languages spoken Other non-Aboriginal languages 67 133190 62175 71020 Mobility Total - Mobility status 1 year ago 68 32485215 15975755 16509460 Mobility Non-movers 28443525 13983135 14460390 Mobility Movers 4041690 1992620 2049070 Mobility Non-migrants 2380370 1173165 1207205 Mobility Migrants 1661325 819460 841860 Mobility Internal migrants 1359105 670370 688735 Mobility Intraprovincial migrants 1116780 548335 568445 Mobility Interprovincial migrants 242325 122040 120290 Mobility External migrants 302215 149085 153130 Mobility Total - Mobility status 5 years ago 69 30978630 15204700 15773935 Mobility Non-movers 19010730 9329115 9681615 Mobility Movers 11967905 5875585 6092320 Mobility Non-migrants 6467765 3172140 3295620 Mobility Migrants 5500140 2703435 2796700 Mobility Internal migrants 4297735 2115465 2182270 Mobility Intraprovincial migrants 3442065 1683045 1759020 Mobility Interprovincial migrants 855670 432415 423250 Mobility External migrants 1202405 587980 614430 Education Total population aged 15 years and over by highest certificate; diploma or degree 70 27259525 13295350 13964175 Education No certificate; diploma or degree 5485400 2742875 2742520 Education High school diploma or equivalent 71 6968935 3305415 3663515 Education Postsecondary certificate; diploma or degree 72 14805190 7247050 7558135 Education Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma 73 2950685 1928970 1021715 Education College; CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma 4970020 2118430 2851595 Education University certificate or diploma below bachelor level 74 1200130 513235 686890 Education University certificate; diploma or degree at bachelor level or above 5684360 2686425 2997935 Education Bachelor's degree 3634425 1643080 1991345 Education University certificate; diploma or degree above bachelor level 75 2049930 1043350 1006585 Education Total population aged 25 to 64 years by highest certificate; diploma or degree 70 18383920 8984385 9399535 Education No certificate; diploma or degree 2330580 1238845 1091735 Education High school diploma or equivalent 71 4270665 2049355 2221305 Education Postsecondary certificate; diploma or degree 72 11782685 5696190 6086495 Education Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma 73 2218805 1435395 783410 Education College; CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma 3913710 1674815 2238895 Education University certificate or diploma below bachelor level 74 894745 385980 508765 Education University certificate; diploma or degree at bachelor level or above 4755420 2200000 2555420 Education Bachelor's degree 3032220 1358970 1673260 Education University certificate; diploma or degree above bachelor level 75 1723195 841035 882165 Education Total population aged 15 years and over by major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011 76 27259525 13295355 13964170 Education No postsecondary certificate; diploma or degree 77 12454330 6048300 6406035 Education Education 1109460 275765 833695 Education Visual and performing arts; and communications technologies 548630 254785 293845 Education Humanities 821590 326875 494720 Education Social and behavioural sciences and law 1497755 512790 984965 Education Business; management and public administration 3187570 1188985 1998590 Education Physical and life sciences and technologies 554675 291870 262810 Education Mathematics; computer and information sciences 601705 380200 221505 Education Architecture; engineering; and related technologies 3193975 2929940 264035 Education Agriculture; natural resources and conservation 326230 220390 105840 Education Health and related fields 78 2060605 393035 1667565 Education Personal; protective and transportation services 900005 471700 428300 Education Other fields of study 79 2990 725 2270 Education Total population aged 15 years and over by location of study compared with province or territory of residence 80 27259525 13295350 13964170 Education No postsecondary certificate; diploma or degree 12454335 6048300 6406035 Education With postsecondary certificate; diploma or degree 14805195 7247055 7558135 Education Location of study inside Canada 12404675 6034100 6370575 Education Same as province or territory of residence 10920860 5283600 5637260 Education Another province or territory 1483815 750500 733315 Education Location of study outside Canada 2400520 1212955 1187565 Language used most often at work Total population aged 15 years and over by language used most often at work 81 19133310 9920580 9212725 Language used most often at work Single responses 18705455 9703220 9002230 Language used most often at work English 14622905 7610350 7012555 Language used most often at work French 3831530 1963645 1867885 Language used most often at work Non-official languages 251015 129225 121790 Language used most often at work Chinese; n.o.s. 45465 24070 21390 Language used most often at work Cantonese 36840 18540 18305 Language used most often at work Panjabi (Punjabi) 25050 13505 11540 Language used most often at work Mandarin 22490 12060 10430 Language used most often at work Spanish 12880 6640 6240 Language used most often at work Korean 11520 6070 5455 Language used most often at work German 10870 6085 4785 Language used most often at work Cree languages 82 7945 4100 3840 Language used most often at work Portuguese 7855 4925 2920 Language used most often at work Inuktitut 7270 3535 3735 Language used most often at work Other languages 62840 29690 33150 Language used most often at work Multiple responses 427855 217360 210495 Language used most often at work English and French 317135 162430 154710 Language used most often at work English and non-official language 94100 46725 47375 Language used most often at work French and non-official language 5180 2420 2755 Language used most often at work English; French and non-official language 11440 5785 5655 Language used most often at work Total population aged 15 years and over by language used most often at work 81 19133305 9920580 9212725 Language used most often at work English 14622900 7610350 7012550 Language used most often at work French 3831530 1963645 1867885 Language used most often at work Non-official language 251015 129220 121795 Language used most often at work Aboriginal 23825 11990 11830 Language used most often at work Non-Aboriginal 227195 117235 109960 Language used most often at work English and French 317135 162425 154710 Language used most often at work English and non-official language 94100 46725 47370 Language used most often at work French and non-official language 5180 2420 2760 Language used most often at work English; French and non-official language 11440 5785 5655 Labour force status Total population aged 15 years and over by labour force status 83 27259525 13295350 13964170 Labour force status In the labour force 17990080 9388570 8601515 Labour force status Employed 16595035 8634310 7960725 Labour force status Unemployed 1395045 754255 640790 Labour force status Not in the labour force 9269445 3906785 5362660 Labour force status Participation rate 66.0 70.6 61.6 Labour force status Employment rate 60.9 64.9 57.0 Labour force status Unemployment rate 7.8 8.0 7.4 Class of worker Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker 84 17990080 9388570 8601510 Class of worker Class of worker - not applicable 85 402470 197390 205075 Class of worker All classes of worker 86 17587615 9191175 8396435 Class of worker Employee 15660620 7957490 7703130 Class of worker Self-employed 87 1926990 1233685 693310 Occupation Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011 88 17990080 9388570 8601515 Occupation Occupation - not applicable 89 402470 197395 205075 Occupation All occupations 86 17587610 9191175 8396440 Occupation 0 Management occupations 1963600 1229460 734140 Occupation 1 Business; finance and administration occupations 2902045 854190 2047855 Occupation 2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations 1237775 966355 271415 Occupation 3 Health occupations 1107200 217520 889675 Occupation 4 Occupations in education; law and social; community and government services 2064675 676550 1388130 Occupation 5 Occupations in art; culture; recreation and sport 503415 232535 270875 Occupation 6 Sales and service occupations 4068170 1745705 2322465 Occupation 7 Trades; transport and equipment operators and related occupations 2537775 2385615 152165 Occupation 8 Natural resources; agriculture and related production occupations 397930 318945 78980 Occupation 9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities 805040 564300 240740 Industry Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007 90 17990085 9388570 8601510 Industry Industry - not applicable 89 402470 197395 205075 Industry All industries 86 17587615 9191175 8396440 Industry 11 Agriculture; forestry; fishing and hunting 437650 307370 130285 Industry 21 Mining; quarrying; and oil and gas extraction 261050 211690 49360 Industry 22 Utilities 149940 110765 39175 Industry 23 Construction 1215380 1068710 146670 Industry 31-33 Manufacturing 1619295 1167680 451615 Industry 41 Wholesale trade 733445 494545 238900 Industry 44-45 Retail trade 2031665 933850 1097820 Industry 48-49 Transportation and warehousing 827780 617305 210475 Industry 51 Information and cultural industries 420830 235875 184955 Industry 52 Finance and insurance 767960 296995 470960 Industry 53 Real estate and rental and leasing 321895 179090 142805 Industry 54 Professional; scientific and technical services 1240850 688625 552225 Industry 55 Management of companies and enterprises 17460 9380 8075 Industry 56 Administrative and support; waste management and remediation services 728330 411250 317085 Industry 61 Educational services 1301435 424915 876515 Industry 62 Health care and social assistance 1949650 349430 1600220 Industry 71 Arts; entertainment and recreation 363405 188270 175135 Industry 72 Accommodation and food services 1130750 469990 660760 Industry 81 Other services (except public administration) 807800 372940 434865 Industry 91 Public administration 1261050 652510 608535 Work activity Total labour force aged 15 years and over by work activity in 2010 91 17990080 9388565 8601515 Work activity Did not work in 2010 92 931000 448820 482180 Work activity Worked in 2010 17059080 8939750 8119330 Work activity 1 to 13 weeks 866690 412100 454590 Work activity 14 to 26 weeks 1412115 708945 703165 Work activity 27 to 39 weeks 1096050 574025 522020 Work activity 40 to 48 weeks 2744755 1415130 1329625 Work activity 49 to 52 weeks 10939470 5829550 5109925 Work activity Average weeks worked in 2010 44.5 44.9 44.2 Full-time or part-time weeks worked Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by full-time or part-time weeks worked in 2010 93 17990080 9388570 8601510 Full-time or part-time weeks worked Did not work in 2010 92 931000 448820 482185 Full-time or part-time weeks worked Worked in 2010 17059080 8939750 8119330 Full-time or part-time weeks worked Worked full-time in 2010 13672295 7738995 5933300 Full-time or part-time weeks worked Worked part-time in 2010 3386785 1200755 2186035 Place of work status Total employed population aged 15 years and over by place of work status 94 16595035 8634310 7960725 Place of work status Worked at home 1142640 582150 560490 Place of work status Worked outside Canada 66460 47355 19100 Place of work status No fixed workplace address 1868245 1400485 467760 Place of work status Worked at usual place 13517690 6604325 6913370 Mode of transportation Total employed population aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address by mode of transportation 95 15385935 8004810 7381125 Mode of transportation Car; truck or van - as a driver 11393140 6238835 5154305 Mode of transportation Car; truck or van - as a passenger 867050 349530 517520 Mode of transportation Public transit 1851525 788290 1063235 Mode of transportation Walked 880815 387580 493230 Mode of transportation Bicycle 201780 135840 65940 Mode of transportation Other methods 191625 104725 86900 Median commuting duration Total employed population aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address by median commuting duration 96 15385940 8004810 7381130 Median commuting duration Median commuting duration 20.5 20.7 20.2 Time leaving for work Total employed population aged 15 years and over by time leaving for work 97 15385940 8004810 7381130 Time leaving for work Between 5 and 6:59 a.m. 3763245 2494975 1268265 Time leaving for work Between 7 and 9:00 a.m. 8589130 3994550 4594585 Time leaving for work Anytime after 9:00 a.m. 3033565 1515285 1518280 Occupied private dwelling characteristics Total number of occupied private dwellings by condition of dwelling 98 13319250 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed 12337050 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics Major repairs needed 982200 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics Total number of occupied private dwellings by period of construction 99 13319255 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 1960 or before 3273105 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 1961 to 1980 4152715 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 1981 to 1990 2112110 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 1991 to 2000 1707880 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 2001 to 2005 1031020 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 2006 to 2011 100 1042430 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics Total number of occupied private dwellings by number of rooms 101 13319250 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 1 to 4 rooms 3629460 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 5 rooms 2074865 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 6 rooms 1908835 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 7 rooms 1726740 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 8 or more rooms 3979350 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics Average number of rooms per dwelling 6.3 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics Total number of occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms 102 13319250 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 0 to 1 bedroom 1948220 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 2 bedrooms 3334910 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 3 bedrooms 4740660 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 4 or more bedrooms 3295465 ... ... Household characteristics Total number of private households by tenure 103 13319250 ... ... Household characteristics Owner 9185845 ... ... Household characteristics Renter 4078225 ... ... Household characteristics Band housing 55180 ... ... Household characteristics Total number of private households by condominium status 104 13319250 ... ... Household characteristics Part of a condominium development 1615485 ... ... Household characteristics Not part of a condominium development 11703765 ... ... Household characteristics Total number of private households by number of household maintainers 105 13319250 ... ... Household characteristics 1 household maintainer 7981845 ... ... Household characteristics 2 household maintainers 5059390 ... ... Household characteristics 3 or more household maintainers 278010 ... ... Household characteristics Total number of private households by age group of primary household maintainers 106 13319250 ... ... Household characteristics Under 25 years 458910 ... ... Household characteristics 25 to 34 years 1912825 ... ... Household characteristics 35 to 44 years 2388765 ... ... Household characteristics 45 to 54 years 3023350 ... ... Household characteristics 55 to 64 years 2560680 ... ... Household characteristics 65 to 74 years 1620080 ... ... Household characteristics 75 years and over 1354635 ... ... Household characteristics Total number of private households by number of persons per room 107 13319255 ... ... Household characteristics One person or fewer per room 13049830 ... ... Household characteristics More than one person per room 269425 ... ... Household characteristics Total number of private households by housing suitability 108 13319250 ... ... Household characteristics Suitable 12525660 ... ... Household characteristics Not suitable 793585 ... ... Shelter costs Total number of owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero; in non-farm; non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio 109 13049255 ... ... Shelter costs Spending less than 30% of household total income on shelter costs 9763275 ... ... Shelter costs Spending 30% or more of household total income on shelter costs 3285980 ... ... Shelter costs Spending 30% to less than 100% of household total income on shelter costs 2699045 ... ... Shelter costs Number of owner households in non-farm; non-reserve private dwellings 9013410 ... ... Shelter costs % of owner households with a mortgage 110 58.6 ... ... Shelter costs % of owner households spending 30% or more of household total income on shelter costs 111 18.5 ... ... Shelter costs Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($) 112 978 ... ... Shelter costs Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($) 112 1141 ... ... Shelter costs Median value of dwellings ($) 113 280552 ... ... Shelter costs Average value of dwellings ($) 113 345182 ... ... Shelter costs Number of tenant households in non-farm; non-reserve private dwellings 4060385 ... ... Shelter costs % of tenant households in subsidized housing 114 13.7 ... ... Shelter costs % of tenant households spending 30% or more of household total income on shelter costs 115 40.1 ... ... Shelter costs Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($) 116 784 ... ... Shelter costs Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($) 116 848 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Total income in 2010 of population aged 15 years and over 117 27259520 13295350 13964170 Income of individuals in 2010 Without income 1341015 580700 760320 Income of individuals in 2010 With income 25918505 12714650 13203855 Income of individuals in 2010 Under $5;000 118 2574080 1235710 1338365 Income of individuals in 2010 $5;000 to $9;999 1917960 700655 1217310 Income of individuals in 2010 $10;000 to $14;999 2393830 911390 1482440 Income of individuals in 2010 $15;000 to $19;999 2441880 953490 1488385 Income of individuals in 2010 $20;000 to $29;999 3670020 1588260 2081760 Income of individuals in 2010 $30;000 to $39;999 3180360 1522190 1658170 Income of individuals in 2010 $40;000 to $49;999 2603520 1333510 1270010 Income of individuals in 2010 $50;000 to $59;999 1921650 1079780 841870 Income of individuals in 2010 $60;000 to $79;999 2437440 1473145 964300 Income of individuals in 2010 $80;000 to $99;999 1302045 823720 478330 Income of individuals in 2010 $100;000 and over 1475715 1092805 382910 Income of individuals in 2010 $100;000 to $124;999 693580 492905 200680 Income of individuals in 2010 $125;000 and over 782135 599905 182230 Income of individuals in 2010 Median income ($) 119 29878 36211 24606 Income of individuals in 2010 Average income ($) 119 40650 48594 33000 Income of individuals in 2010 After-tax income in 2010 of population 15 years and over 120 27259525 13295355 13964175 Income of individuals in 2010 Without after-tax income 1344645 580760 763885 Income of individuals in 2010 With after-tax income 25914880 12714595 13200285 Income of individuals in 2010 Under $5;000 121 2628615 1249795 1378815 Income of individuals in 2010 $5;000 to $9;999 1960365 707595 1252770 Income of individuals in 2010 $10;000 to $14;999 2453170 938990 1514185 Income of individuals in 2010 $15;000 to $19;999 2654470 1050265 1604205 Income of individuals in 2010 $20;000 to $29;999 4341540 1936660 2404885 Income of individuals in 2010 $30;000 to $39;999 3790600 1884990 1905610 Income of individuals in 2010 $40;000 to $49;999 2816630 1542605 1274025 Income of individuals in 2010 $50;000 to $59;999 1849630 1099280 750345 Income of individuals in 2010 $60;000 to $79;999 2028080 1277340 750740 Income of individuals in 2010 $80;000 to $99;999 709185 502455 206730 Income of individuals in 2010 $100;000 and over 682605 524615 157985 Income of individuals in 2010 Median after-tax income ($) 122 27334 32434 23080 Income of individuals in 2010 Average after-tax income ($) 122 33998 39716 28490 Income of individuals in 2010 Composition of total income in 2010 of population 15 years and over (%) 123 100.0 100.0 100.0 Income of individuals in 2010 Market income (%) 124 87.6 90.8 83.1 Income of individuals in 2010 Employment income (%) 125 74.7 77.7 70.4 Income of individuals in 2010 Wages and salaries (%) 126 70.3 72.6 66.9 Income of individuals in 2010 Self-employment income (%) 127 4.4 5.0 3.5 Income of individuals in 2010 Investment income (%) 128 4.6 4.5 4.8 Income of individuals in 2010 Retirement pensions; superannuation and annuities (%) 129 6.7 7.1 6.1 Income of individuals in 2010 Other money income (%) 130 1.7 1.5 1.8 Income of individuals in 2010 Government transfer payments (%) 131 12.4 9.2 16.9 Income of individuals in 2010 Canada/Quebec Pension Plan benefits (%) 132 3.5 3.0 4.1 Income of individuals in 2010 Old Age Security pensions and Guaranteed Income Supplement (%) 133 3.1 2.2 4.3 Income of individuals in 2010 Employment Insurance benefits (%) 134 1.8 1.5 2.1 Income of individuals in 2010 Child benefits (%) 135 1.5 0.1 3.5 Income of individuals in 2010 Other income from government sources (%) 136 2.6 2.4 2.8 Income of individuals in 2010 Income taxes paid as a % of total income 137 16.4 18.3 13.7 Income of individuals in 2010 After-tax income as a % of total income 138 83.6 81.7 86.3 Income of individuals in 2010 Net capital gains or losses as a % of total income 139 1.9 2.1 1.6 Income of individuals in 2010 Population aged 15 years and over who worked full year; full time and with employment income in 2010 140 9473490 5318585 4154905 Income of individuals in 2010 Median employment income in 2010 ($) 47868 53046 42181 Income of individuals in 2010 Average employment income in 2010 ($) 58129 65400 48820 Income of individuals in 2010 Family income in 2010 of economic families 141 9254165 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Median family income ($) 76511 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Average family income ($) 94125 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Median after-tax family income ($) 67044 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Average after-tax family income ($) 78517 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Average family size 3.0 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Couple-only economic families 142 3469550 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Median family income ($) 68340 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Average family income ($) 84831 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Median after-tax family income ($) 59975 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Average after-tax family income ($) 70562 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Average family size 2.0 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Couple-with-children economic families 143 4139655 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Median family income ($) 97270 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Average family income ($) 115282 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Median after-tax family income ($) 83801 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Average after-tax family income ($) 95284 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Average family size 4.0 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Lone-parent economic families 144 1335435 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Median family income ($) 45163 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Average family income ($) 55519 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Median after-tax family income ($) 42401 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Average after-tax family income ($) 48930 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Average family size 2.6 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Income in 2010 of population aged 15 years and over not in economic families 145 4903505 2362280 2541225 Income of individuals in 2010 Median total income ($) 146 28018 31348 25351 Income of individuals in 2010 Average total income ($) 146 37225 40675 34019 Income of individuals in 2010 Median after-tax income ($) 147 25761 28197 23917 Income of individuals in 2010 Average after-tax income ($) 147 31497 33751 29401 Income of individuals in 2010 Total population by decile of adjusted after-tax family income 148 32852325 16163115 16689210 Income of individuals in 2010 In bottom half of the Canadian distribution 16426160 7822780 8603385 Income of individuals in 2010 In bottom decile 3285210 1584875 1700335 Income of individuals in 2010 In second decile 3285275 1455385 1829895 Income of individuals in 2010 In third decile 3285180 1558660 1726520 Income of individuals in 2010 In fourth decile 3285265 1601990 1683280 Income of individuals in 2010 In fifth decile 3285230 1621875 1663355 Income of individuals in 2010 In top half of the Canadian distribution 16426165 8340335 8085825 Income of individuals in 2010 In sixth decile 3285215 1639560 1645655 Income of individuals in 2010 In seventh decile 3285250 1655430 1629820 Income of individuals in 2010 In eighth decile 3285235 1668260 1616975 Income of individuals in 2010 In ninth decile 3285230 1678940 1606290 Income of individuals in 2010 In top decile 3285235 1698140 1587090 Income of households in 2010 Household total income in 2010 of private households 149 13319255 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Under $5;000 361615 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $5;000 to $9;999 265090 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $10;000 to $14;999 447540 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $15;000 to $19;999 694405 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $20;000 to $29;999 1193925 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $30;000 to $39;999 1271675 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $40;000 to $49;999 1206800 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $50;000 to $59;999 1102120 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $60;000 to $79;999 1865280 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $80;000 to $99;999 1458240 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $100;000 to $124;999 1260770 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $125;000 to $149;999 802555 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $150;000 and over 1389240 ... ... Income of households in 2010 After-tax income of households in 2010 of private households 150 13319255 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Under $5;000 370285 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $5;000 to $9;999 267880 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $10;000 to $14;999 456275 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $15;000 to $19;999 728385 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $20;000 to $29;999 1360815 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $30;000 to $39;999 1494520 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $40;000 to $49;999 1442790 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $50;000 to $59;999 1278415 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $60;000 to $79;999 2092915 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $80;000 to $99;999 1437320 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $100;000 and over 2389655 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $100;000 to $124;999 1088175 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $125;000 and over 1301475 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Household income in 2010 of private households 151 13319255 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Median household total income ($) 61072 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Average household total income ($) 79102 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Median after-tax household income ($) 54089 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Average after-tax household income ($) 66149 ... ... Income of households in 2010 One-person private households 152 3662800 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Median household total income ($) 30534 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Average household total income ($) 40054 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Median after-tax household income ($) 27733 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Average after-tax household income ($) 33702 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Two-or-more-persons private households 152 9656450 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Median household total income ($) 76437 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Average household total income ($) 93913 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Median after-tax household income ($) 67036 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Average after-tax household income ($) 78456 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Population in private households for income status 153 32386170 15927865 16458305 Income of individuals in 2010 Less than 18 years 6726315 3458525 3267790 Income of individuals in 2010 Less than 6 years 2181280 1114675 1066605 Income of individuals in 2010 18 to 64 years 21141920 10401950 10739975 Income of individuals in 2010 65 years and over 4517930 2067390 2450545 Income of individuals in 2010 In low income in 2010 based on after-tax low-income measure (LIM-AT) 4812120 2219010 2593110 Income of individuals in 2010 Less than 18 years 1162785 597105 565680 Income of individuals in 2010 Less than 6 years 394595 201770 192825 Income of individuals in 2010 18 to 64 years 3044390 1415865 1628525 Income of individuals in 2010 65 years and over 604940 206040 398900 Income of individuals in 2010 Prevalence of low income in 2010 based on after-tax low-income measure (%) 14.9 13.9 15.8 Income of individuals in 2010 Less than 18 years (%) 17.3 17.3 17.3 Income of individuals in 2010 Less than 6 years (%) 18.1 18.1 18.1 Income of individuals in 2010 18 to 64 years (%) 14.4 13.6 15.2 Income of individuals in 2010 65 years and over (%) 13.4 10.0 16.3 Symbols: .. not available for a specific reference period ... not applicable x suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act Notes: 1. Citizenship refers to the legal citizenship status of a person. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless that is they may have no citizenship. 2. Includes persons who are stateless. 3. Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status. A landed immigrant/permanent resident refers to a person who has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities. 4. Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth. 5. Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10 2011. 6. Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10 2011. 7. Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit or who is a refugee claimant and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them. 8. Age at immigration refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant/permanent resident status. Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities. 9. The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level. 10. Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth. 11. Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10 2011. 12. The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland Wales England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories). 13. China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region. 14. The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam. 15. The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran. 16. The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea. 17. The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere such as 'born at sea.' 18. The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere such as 'born at sea.' 19. Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit or who is a refugee claimant and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them. 20. Recent immigrants are immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1 2006 and May 10 2011. Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada but a small number are born in Canada. The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level. 21. The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela. 22. The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova. 23. The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic. 24. Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation second generation or third generation or more. 25. 'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part these are people who are now or have ever been immigrants to Canada. 26. 'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part these are the children of immigrants. 27. 'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada. 28. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons other than Aboriginal peoples who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' 29. For example 'East Indian' 'Pakistani' 'Sri Lankan' etc. 30. For example 'Vietnamese' 'Cambodian' 'Malaysian' 'Laotian' etc. 31. For example 'Iranian' 'Afghan' etc. 32. The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese' 'West Indian' 'Tibetan' 'Polynesian' 'Pacific Islander' etc. 33. Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles e.g. 'Black' and 'South Asian.' 34. Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group. 35. This is a total population estimate.  The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the NHS. 36. Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g. 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Maritimer' 'Manitoban'). 37. Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g. 'British' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Celtic'). 38. Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g. 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Liechtensteiner'). 39. Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g. 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Faroese' 'Scandinavian'). 40. Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g. 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Baltic'). 41. Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g. 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Gibraltarian'). 42. Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g. 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Central European'). 43. Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g. 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Guadelupian' 'Aruban'). 44. Includes general responses indicating Latin Central or South American origins (e.g. 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Surinamese'). 45. Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g. 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Ewe' 'Wolof'). 46. Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g. 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Maghreb'). 47. Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g. 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Hutu' 'Shona'). 48. Some respondents may choose to provide very specific ethnic origins in the National Household Survey (NHS) while other respondents may choose to give more general responses. This means that two respondents with the same ethnic ancestry could have different response patterns and thus could be counted as having different ethnic origins. For example one respondent may report 'East Indian' ethnic origin while another respondent with a similar ancestral background may report 'Punjabi' or 'South Asian' origins; one respondent may report 'Black' while another similar respondent may report 'Ghanaian' or 'African.' As a result ethnic origin data are very fluid and counts for certain origins such as 'East Indian' and 'Black' may seem lower than initially expected. Users who wish to obtain broader response counts may wish to combine data for one or more ethnic origins together or use counts for ethnic categories such as 'South Asian origins' or 'African origins.' (Please note however that 'African origins' should not be considered equivalent to the 'Black' population group or visible minority status as there are persons reporting African origins who report a population group or visible minority status other than 'Black.' Conversely many people report a population group or visible minority status of 'Black' and do not report having 'African' origins. For information on population group and visible minority population in the 2011 NHS refer to the appropriate definitions in this publication.) 49. Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g. 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Saharan'). 50. Includes general responses indicating West Asian Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g. 'West Asian' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Baloch' 'Circassian'). 51. Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g. 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Bhutanese'). 52. Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g. 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Bruneian' 'Karen'). 53. Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g. 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Eurasian'). 54. Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g. 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Tahitian'). 55. Religion refers to the person's self-identification as having a connection or affiliation with any religious denomination group body sect cult or other religiously defined community or system of belief. Religion is not limited to formal membership in a religious organization or group. Persons without a religious connection or affiliation can self-identify as atheist agnostic or humanist or can provide another applicable response. 56. 'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person that is First Nations (North American Indian) Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act 1982 section 35 (2) as including the Indian Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. 57. Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011 there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide National Household Survey (NHS) 2011. 58. 'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian) Métis or Inuk (Inuit). 59. 'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian) Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band. 60. Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.' Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians. 61. This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ancestries in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ancestry (ethnic origin) in the National Household Survey. 62. 'Aboriginal ancestry' includes persons who reported one or more than one of First Nations (North American Indian) Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17 either with or without also reporting a non-Aboriginal ancestry. The sum of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry' 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' is thus greater than the sum of the total for 'Aboriginal ancestry' because persons who reported more than one Aboriginal ancestry are included in the response category for each Aboriginal ancestry they reported. All respondents with Aboriginal ancestry are counted in at least one of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry' 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' and also in the category 'Aboriginal ancestry.' Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act 1982 section 35 (2) as including the Indian Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the respondent's ancestors an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin. 63. 'Non-Aboriginal ancestry only' includes persons who did not report First Nations (North American Indian) Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17. 64. Refers to languages other than English or French in which the respondent can conduct a conversation. The category 'Non-official languages spoken' represents the sum of single language responses and multiple language responses received in the National Household Survey. Hence this total is greater than the total population. 65. Cree languages include the following categories: Cree not otherwise specified (which refers to those who reported 'Cree') Swampy Cree Plains Cree Woods Cree and a category labelled 'Cree not included elsewhere' (which includes Moose Cree Northern East Cree and Southern East Cree). 66. This is a subtotal of all Aboriginal languages collected on May 10 2011 that are not displayed separately here. 67. This is a subtotal of all non-Aboriginal languages other than English or French collected on May 10 2011 that are not displayed separately here. 68. Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day May 10 2011 in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city town township village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city town township village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date. 69. Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day May 10 2011 in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city town township village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city town township village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date. 70. 'Highest certificate diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom. For further definitions refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection dissemination or data quality for this variable refer to the Education Reference Guide National Household Survey Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006. 71. 'High school diploma or equivalent' includes persons who have graduated from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate diploma or degree. 72. 'Postsecondary certificate diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas' 'college CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates diplomas and degrees. 73. 'Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma' includes Registered Apprenticeship certificates (including Certificate of Qualification Journeyperson's designation) and other trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges institutes of technology vocational centres and similar institutions. 74. Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' was over-reported in the NHS. This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g. university transfer programs bachelor's programs completed in other countries incomplete bachelor's programs non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' category with caution. 75. 'University certificate diploma or degree above bachelor level' includes the categories 'University certificate or diploma above bachelor level' 'Degree in medicine dentistry veterinary medicine or optometry' 'Master's degree' and 'Earned doctorate.' 76. 'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings' a CIP variant. For more information on the CIP classification see the Classification of Instructional Programs Canada 2011 Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm. For any comments on collection dissemination or data quality for this variable refer to the Education Reference Guide National Household Survey Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006. 77. 'No postsecondary certificate diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed a registered apprenticeship certificate (including Certificate of Qualification Journeyperson's designation) or other trades certificate or diploma a college CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma or a university certificate diploma or degree. 78. Called 'Health parks recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000. 79. Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies other.' 80. 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence' indicates whether the 'Location of study' is the same as the province or territory of residence in 2011 a different Canadian province or territory or outside Canada. 'Location of study' refers to the province territory or country of the institution where the highest certificate diploma or degree above the high school level was completed. Users should be aware that some respondents may have reported the physical location of study rather than the location of the certificate diploma or degree-granting institution. This could affect the responses of those who obtained a certificate diploma or degree through a joint program or by distance learning with credentials granted in another province or country. In particular a number of persons reported a location of study for a university credential in one of the territories (Yukon Northwest Territories Nunavut) even though there were no educational institutions in the territories with the authority to grant university degrees. For any other comments on collection dissemination or data quality for this variable or 'Location of study' refer to the Education Reference Guide National Household Survey Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006. 81. Population by language used most often at work . Refers to the language used most often at work as reported on May 10 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1 2010. 82. Cree languages include the following categories: Cree not otherwise specified (which refers to those who reported 'Cree') Swampy Cree Plains Cree Woods Cree and a category labelled 'Cree not included elsewhere' (which includes Moose Cree Northern East Cree and Southern East Cree). 83. Refers to whether a person was employed unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday May 1 to Saturday May 7 2011. In the past this variable was called Labour force activity. 84. Refers to whether an employed person is an employee or is self-employed. The self-employed include persons with or without a business as well as unpaid family workers.  85. Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1 2010 only. 86. Experienced labour force refers to persons who during the week of Sunday May 1 to Saturday May 7 2011 were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011. 87. Includes self-employed with an incorporated business and self-employed with an unincorporated business. Also included among the self-employed are unpaid family workers. 88. Refers to the kind of work performed by persons during the week of Sunday May 1 to Saturday May 7 2011 as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The 2011 National Household Survey occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2011.  89. Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1 2010 only. 90. Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007. 91. Refers to the number of weeks in which a person worked for pay or in self-employment in 2010 at all jobs held even if only for a few hours and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week). 92. Includes persons who never worked persons who worked prior to 2010 only or persons who worked in 2011 only. 93. Refers to persons who worked for pay or in self-employment in 2010. These persons were asked to report whether the weeks they worked in 2010 were full-time weeks (30 hours or more per week) or not on the basis of all jobs held. Persons with a part-time job for part of the year and a full-time job for another part of the year were to report the information for the job at which they worked the most weeks. 94. Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home worked outside Canada had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work). 95. Refers to the main mode of transportation a respondent uses to travel between his or her home and his or her place of work. 96. Refers to how many minutes it took for a person to travel from home to work. Median commuting duration is the value which divides the commuting duration into two equal halves i.e. the commuting duration of individuals for the first half is below the median while the commuting distance of individuals for the second half is above the median. 97. Time at which a respondent usually leaves home to go to work. 98. Condition of dwelling - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions. 99. Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. 100. Includes data up to May 10 2011. 101. Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms halls vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g. L-shaped dining room and living room arrangements). 102. Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now even if they were not originally built as bedrooms such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition one-room private dwellings such as studio apartments have zero bedrooms. 103. Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling or whether the dwelling is band housing (on an Indian reserve or settlement). 104. Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others. 105. Household maintainer - Refers to whether or not a person residing in the household is responsible for paying the rent or the mortgage or the taxes or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making such payments the reference person is identified by default. 106. Primary household maintainer - First person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent or the mortgage or the taxes or the electricity bill and so on for the dwelling. The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which the respondent lists the persons on the questionnaire. Generally an adult is listed first followed if applicable by that person's spouse or common-law partner and by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by the person. Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date that is before May 10 2011. 107. Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling. 108. Housing suitability - Housing suitability refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms as calculated using the National Occupancy Standard. Housing suitability assesses the required number of bedrooms for a household based on the age sex and relationships among household members. An alternative variable the number of persons per room considers all rooms in a private dwelling and the number of household members. Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies. 109. Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Percentage of a household's average total monthly income which is spent on shelter-related expenses. Those expenses include the monthly rent (for tenants) or the mortgage payment property taxes and condominium fees (for owners) and the costs of electricity heat municipal services etc. The percentage is calculated by dividing the total shelter-related expenses by the household's total monthly income and multiplying the result by 100. Includes owner and tenant households in non-farm non-reserve private dwellings with household total income greater than zero in 2010 (i.e. excludes negative or zero household total income). The relatively high shelter costs to household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2011 while household total income is reported for the year 2010. As well for some households the 2010 household total income may represent income for only part of a year. Household total income - The total income of a household is the sum of the total incomes of all members of that household. Total income refers to the total of income from all sources including employment income income from government programs pension income investment income and any other money income before income taxes and deductions during the calendar year 2010. 110. Presence of mortgage - Refers to whether the owner households reported mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling. 111. Shelter-cost-to-income ratio for owner households - Percentage of an owner household's average total monthly income which is spent on shelter-related expenses. Those expenses include the mortgage payment property taxes and condominium fees and the costs of electricity heat municipal services etc. The percentage is calculated by dividing the total shelter-related expenses by the household's total monthly income and multiplying the result by 100. Includes owner households in non-farm non-reserve private dwellings with household total income greater than zero in 2010 (i.e. excludes negative or zero household total income). The relatively high shelter costs to household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2011 while household total income is reported for the year 2010. As well for some households the 2010 household total income may represent income for only part of a year. Household total income - The total income of a household is the sum of the total incomes of all members of that household. Total income refers to the total of income from all sources including employment income income from government programs pension income investment income and any other money income before income taxes and deductions during the calendar year 2010. 112. Shelter cost for owned dwellings - Includes all shelter expenses paid by households that own their dwellings such as the mortgage payment and the costs of electricity heat water and other municipal services property taxes and condominium fees. 113. Value of dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the dwelling were to be sold. 114. Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income social housing public housing government-assisted housing non-profit housing rent supplements and housing allowances. 115. Shelter-cost-to-income ratio for tenant households - Percentage of a tenant household's average total monthly income which is spent on shelter-related expenses. Those expenses include the monthly rent and the costs of electricity heat municipal services etc. The percentage is calculated by dividing the total shelter-related expenses by the household's total monthly income and multiplying the result by 100. Includes tenant households in non-farm non-reserve private dwellings with household total income greater than zero in 2010 (i.e. excludes negative or zero household total income). The relatively high shelter costs to household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2011 while household total income is reported for the year 2010. As well for some households the 2010 household total income may represent income for only part of a year. Household total income - The total income of a household is the sum of the total incomes of all members of that household. Total income refers to the total of income from all sources including employment income income from government programs pension income investment income and any other money income before income taxes and deductions during the calendar year 2010. 116. Shelter costs for rented dwellings - Includes all shelter expenses paid by households that rent their dwellings such as the monthly rent and the costs of electricity heat and municipal services. 117. Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources before income taxes and deductions during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages salaries tips commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources such as social assistance child benefits employment insurance old age security pension Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources such as dividends and interest on bonds accounts GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income such as child support payments received spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts such as lottery winnings gambling winnings cash inheritances lump sum insurance settlements capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans Canada and Quebec pension plans and employment insurance. Finally voluntary inter-household transfers imputed rent goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition. Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves i.e. the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g. males aged 45 to 54 years). Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g. males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group. Median and average of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative). Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date that is before May 10 2011. 118. Including loss. 119. For population with income. 120. After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010. Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves i.e. the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g. males aged 45 to 54 years). Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g. males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group. Median and average of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative). Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date that is before May 10 2011. 121. Including loss. 122. For population with after-tax income. 123. Composition of income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area. Total income - Total of income from all sources including employment income income from government programs pension income investment income and any other money income. Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date that is before May 10 2011. 124. Market income - Refers to the sum of employment income (wages and salaries net farm income and net income from non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice) investment income retirement pensions superannuation and annuities (including those from RRSPs and RRIFs) and other money income. It is equivalent to total income before tax minus all government transfers and is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes. 125. Earnings or employment income - Total wages and salaries and net income from self-employment. 126. Wages and salaries - Refers to gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income tax pensions and Employment Insurance. Included in this source are military pay and allowances tips commissions and cash bonuses benefits from wage-loss replacement plans or income-maintenance insurance plans supplementary unemployment benefits from an employer or union as well as all types of casual earnings during calendar year 2010. Other employment income such as taxable benefits research grants and royalties are included. 127. Self-employment net income - Refers to the total amount received by persons aged 15 years and over during calendar year 2010 as net farm income from self-employment or net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice. Net farm income - Refers to net income (gross receipts from farm sales minus depreciation and cost of operation) received during calendar year 2010 from the operation of a farm either on the respondent's own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships only the respondent's share of income was reported. Included with gross receipts are cash advances received in 2010 dividends from cooperatives rebates and farm-support payments to farmers from federal provincial and regional agricultural programs (for example milk subsidies and marketing board payments) and gross insurance proceeds such as payments from the AgriInvest and AgriStability programs. The value of income 'in kind' such as agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm is excluded. Net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice - Refers to net income (gross receipts minus expenses of operation such as wages rents and depreciation) received during calendar year 2010 from the respondent's non-farm unincorporated business or professional practice. In the case of partnerships only the respondent's share was reported. Also included is net income from persons babysitting in their own homes persons providing room and board to non-relatives self-employed fishers hunters and trappers operators of direct distributorships such as those selling and delivering cosmetics as well as freelance activities of artists writers music teachers hairdressers dressmakers etc. 128. Investment income - Refers to interest received during calendar year 2010 from deposits in banks trust companies cooperatives credit unions caisses populaires etc. as well as interest on savings certificates bonds and debentures and all dividends from both Canadian and foreign corporate stocks and mutual funds. Also included is other investment income from either Canadian or foreign sources such as net rents from real estate mortgage and loan interest received regular income from an estate or trust fund and interest from insurance policies. Does not include capital gains or losses. 129. Retirement pensions - Refers to all regular income received by the respondent during calendar year 2010 as the result of having been a member of a pension plan of one or more employers. It includes payments received from all annuities including payments from a Registered Retirement Income Fund (RRIF) a matured Registered Retirement Savings Plan (RRSP) in the form of a life annuity a fixed-term annuity or an income-averaging annuity contract; pensions paid to widow(er)s or other relatives of deceased pensioners; pensions of retired civil servants Armed Forces personnel and Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) officers; annuity payments received from the Canadian Government Annuities Fund an insurance company etc. Does not include lump-sum death benefits lump-sum benefits or withdrawals from a pension plan or RRSP or refunds of over-contributions. 130. Other money income - Refers to regular cash income received during calendar year 2010 and not reported in any of the other sources listed on the questionnaire. For example severance pay and retirement allowances alimony child support periodic support from other persons not in the household income from abroad (excluding dividends and interest) non refundable scholarships bursaries fellowships and study grants and artists' project grants are included. 131. Government transfer payments - Refers to all cash benefits received from federal provincial territorial or municipal governments during 2010. This variable is derived by summing the amounts reported in: the Old Age Security pension and Guaranteed Income Supplement Allowance and Allowance for the Survivor; benefits from Canada Pension Plan or Quebec Pension Plan; benefits from Employment Insurance; child benefits; other income from government sources. 132. Benefits from Canada or Quebec pension plan - Refers to benefits received during calendar year 2010 from the Canada or Quebec Pension Plan (For example retirement pensions survivors' benefits and disability pensions). Does not include lump-sum death benefits. 133. Old Age Security pensions and Guaranteed Income Supplement - Refers to Old Age Security pensions and Guaranteed Income Supplements paid to persons aged 65 years and over and to the Allowance or Allowance for the survivor paid to 60- to 64-year-old spouses of old age security recipients or widow(er)s by the federal government during the calendar year 2010. 134. Benefits from employment insurance - Refers to total Employment Insurance benefits received during calendar year 2010 before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment sickness maternity paternity adoption work sharing retraining and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal Employment Insurance Program or the Quebec Parental Insurance Program. 135. Child benefits - Refers to payments received under the Canada Child Tax Benefit program during calendar year 2010 by parents with dependent children under 18 years of age. Included with the Canada Child Tax Benefit is the National Child Benefit Supplement (NCBS) for low-income families with children. The NCBS is the federal contribution to the National Child Benefit (NCB) a joint initiative of federal provincial and territorial governments. Also included in this variable are child benefits child disability benefits and earned income supplements provided by certain provinces and territories and the Universal Child Care Benefit (UCCB). 136. Other income from government sources - Refers to all transfer payments excluding those covered as a separate income source (Canada Pension Plan or Quebec Pension Plan benefits Old Age Security pensions and Guaranteed Income Supplements Employment Insurance benefits and child benefits) received from federal provincial territorial or municipal programs during 2010. 137. Income tax paid - Refers to all federal provincial and territorial taxes paid on 2010 income. Federal provincial and territorial taxes paid refer to taxes on income after taking into account exemptions deductions non-refundable tax credits and the Quebec abatement. These taxes are obtained from the income tax files for persons who allowed access to their income tax data and from direct responses on the questionnaire for others. 138. After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal provincial and territorial taxes paid for 2010. 139. Net capital gains or losses - Refers to the net gains received or losses incurred during calendar year 2010 from the sale of capital property. This represents the proceeds of disposition minus the adjusted cost base of the property and outlays and expenses incurred to sell the property. Capital property includes depreciable property and any property which if sold would result in a capital gain or loss (for example cottages buildings and securities such as mutual funds). Non-taxable capital gains or losses on the sale of a principal residence are excluded. Net capital gains or losses are not included in the definition of Total income as published in standard products. Net capital gains or losses are not included in the concept of total income but are expressed here as a percentage to obtain a relative measure of size. 140. Earnings or employment income - Refers to total income received by persons 15 years of age and over during calendar year 2010 as wages and salaries net income from a non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice and/or net farm self-employment income. Wages and salaries - Refers to gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income tax pensions and Employment Insurance. Included in this source are military pay and allowances tips commissions and cash bonuses benefits from wage-loss replacement plans or income-maintenance insurance plans supplementary unemployment benefits from an employer or union as well as all types of casual earnings during calendar year 2010. Other employment income such as taxable benefits research grants and royalties are included. Net non-farm income from unincorporated business or professional practice - Refers to net income (gross receipts minus expenses of operation such as wages rents and depreciation) received during calendar year 2010 from the respondent's non-farm unincorporated business or professional practice. In the case of partnerships only the respondent's share was reported. Also included is net income from persons babysitting in their own homes persons providing room and board to non-relatives self-employed fishers hunters and trappers operators of direct distributorships such as those selling and delivering cosmetics as well as freelance activities of artists writers music teachers hairdressers dressmakers etc. Net farm income - Refers to net income (gross receipts from farm sales minus depreciation and cost of operation) received during calendar year 2010 from the operation of a farm either on the respondent's own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships only the respondent's share of income was reported. Included with gross receipts are cash advances received in 2010 dividends from cooperatives rebates and farm-support payments to farmers from federal provincial and regional agricultural programs (for example milk subsidies and marketing board payments) and gross insurance proceeds such as payments from the AgriInvest and AgriStability programs. The value of income 'in kind' such as agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm is excluded. Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution ranked by size of income into two halves i.e. the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the unrounded number of individuals (e.g. males aged 45 to 54 years) with income in that group. Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g. males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group. Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative). The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics for earnings. Work activity in 2010 - Refers to the number of weeks in which a person worked for pay or in self-employment in 2010 at all jobs held even if only for a few hours and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week). Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date that is before May 10 2011. 141. Economic family total income - The total income of an economic family is the sum of the total incomes of all members of that family. Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources before income taxes and deductions during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages salaries tips commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources such as social assistance child benefits employment insurance old age security pension Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources such as dividends and interest on bonds accounts GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income such as child support payments received spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts such as lottery winnings gambling winnings cash inheritances lump sum insurance settlements capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans Canada and Quebec pension plans and employment insurance. Finally voluntary inter-household transfers imputed rent goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition. After-tax income of economic families - The after-tax income of an economic family is the sum of the after-tax incomes of all members of that family. After-tax income of family members or persons not in families refers to total income from all sources minus federal provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010. Median income of economic families - The median income of a specified group of families is that amount which divides their income size distribution ranked by size of income into two halves. That is the incomes of the first half of the families are below the median while those of the second half are above the median. Median incomes of families are normally calculated for all units in the specified group whether or not they reported income. Average income of economic families - Average income of economic families refers to the weighted mean total income of families in 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of families (for example husband-wife families with working wives) by the number of families in that group whether or not they reported income. The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics on the after-tax income of economic families. Economic family - Refers to a group of two or more persons who live in the same dwelling and are related to each other by blood marriage common-law adoption or a foster relationship. A couple may be of opposite or same sex. 142. Economic family structure - Refers to the classification of economic families as couple families lone-parent families or other economic families. Couple families - Those in which a member of either a married or common-law couple is the economic family reference person. Lone-parent families - Those in which either a male or female lone parent is the economic family reference person. Other economic families - Those in which the economic family reference person has other relatives but does not have a married spouse or common-law partner or a child in their census family. 143. Economic family structure - Refers to the classification of economic families as couple families lone-parent families or other economic families. Couple families - Those in which a member of either a married or common-law couple is the economic family reference person. Lone-parent families - Those in which either a male or female lone parent is the economic family reference person. Other economic families - Those in which the economic family reference person has other relatives but does not have a married spouse or common-law partner or a child in their census family. Presence of children - Refers to the number of children in private households by age groups. To be included children must live in the same household as the family without a married spouse common-law partner or one or more of their children living in the same household. In a census family they may be children by birth marriage or adoption. In an economic family foster children are also included. 144. Economic family structure - Refers to the classification of economic families as couple families lone-parent families or other economic families. Couple families - Those in which a member of either a married or common-law couple is the economic family reference person. Lone-parent families - Those in which either a male or female lone parent is the economic family reference person. Other economic families - Those in which the economic family reference person has other relatives but does not have a married spouse or common-law partner or a child in their census family. 145. Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources before income taxes and deductions during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages salaries tips commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources such as social assistance child benefits employment insurance old age security pension Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources such as dividends and interest on bonds accounts GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income such as child support payments received spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts such as lottery winnings gambling winnings cash inheritances lump sum insurance settlements capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans Canada and Quebec pension plans and employment insurance. Finally voluntary inter-household transfers imputed rent goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition. After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010. Median income of persons not in economic families - The median income of a specified group of persons not in economic families (for example males aged 55 to 64) is that amount which divides their income size distribution ranked by size of income into two halves. That is the incomes of the first half of the persons are below the median while those of the second half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in economic families are normally calculated for all units in the specified group whether or not they reported income. Average income of persons not in economic families - Average income of persons not in economic families refers to the weighted mean total income of the persons not in economic families in 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of persons not in economic families by the number of persons in that group whether or not they reported income. The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics on the after-tax income of persons not in economic families. Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date that is before May 10 2011. Economic family persons refer to two or more household members who are related to each other by blood marriage common-law adoption or a foster relationship and thereby constitute an economic family. Persons not in economic families refer to household members who do not belong to an economic family including persons living alone. 146. Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero). 147. Calculation includes persons not in economic families without after-tax income (with an after-tax income of zero). 148. Adjusted after-tax income for economic families and persons not in economic families - For economic family members this refers to economic family after-tax income that has been adjusted by a factor that accounts for family size. The adjustment factor takes into account the lower relative needs of additional family members as compared to a single person living alone. For use with the NHS income data the adjusted after-tax income is computed as the economic family after-tax income divided by the square root of family size. For persons not in economic families the adjusted after-tax income is set at after-tax income. This is equivalent to a factor of 1.0 for a person not in an economic family. Decile of adjusted after-tax family income - The deciles divide the population ranked by size of adjusted after-tax family income into 10 groups of equal size. The population in the bottom decile is the one who falls in the lower 10 percent of the adjusted after-tax family income distribution. The population in the top decile is the one who falls in the highest ten percent of the adjusted after-tax family income distribution. The 10 groups were formed with the full population in private households of Canada whether or not they reported income. 149. Household total income - The total income of a household is the sum of the total incomes of all members of that household. Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources before income taxes and deductions during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages salaries tips commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources such as social assistance child benefits employment insurance old age security pension Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources such as dividends and interest on bonds accounts GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income such as child support payments received spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts such as lottery winnings gambling winnings cash inheritances lump sum insurance settlements capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans Canada and Quebec pension plans and employment insurance. Finally voluntary inter-household transfers imputed rent goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition. Household private - Refers to a person or a group of persons (other than foreign residents) who occupy the same private dwelling and do not have a usual place of residence elsewhere in Canada. Household members who are temporarily absent on May 10 2011 (e.g. temporarily residing elsewhere) are considered as part of their usual household. Every person is a member of one and only one household. 150. After-tax income of households - The after-tax income of a household is the sum of the after-tax incomes of all members of that household. After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010. Household private - Refers to a person or a group of persons (other than foreign residents) who occupy the same private dwelling and do not have a usual place of residence elsewhere in Canada. Household members who are temporarily absent on May 10 2011 (e.g. temporarily residing elsewhere) are considered as part of their usual household. Every person is a member of one and only one household. 151. Household total income - The total income of a household is the sum of the total incomes of all members of that household. After-tax income of households - The after-tax income of a household is the sum of the after-tax incomes of all members of that household. Total income - Total of income from all sources including employment income income from government programs pension income investment income and any other money income. After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010. Median income of households - The median income of a specified group of households is that amount which divides their income size distribution ranked by size of income into two halves. That is the incomes of the first half of the households are below the median while those of the second half are above the median. Median incomes of households are normally calculated for all units in the specified group whether or not they reported income. Average income of households - Average income of households refers to the weighted mean total income of households in 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of households (for example two person households) by the number of households in that specific group whether or not they reported income. The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics on the after-tax income of households. Household private - Refers to a person or a group of persons (other than foreign residents) who occupy the same private dwelling and do not have a usual place of residence elsewhere in Canada. Household members who are temporarily absent on May 10 2011 (e.g. temporarily residing elsewhere) are considered as part of their usual household. Every person is a member of one and only one household. 152. Household size - Refers to the number of usual residents in a private household. 153. Income status can be measured in several different ways in household surveys. For the standard products of the National Household Survey the line chosen is a relative measure: the after-tax low-income measure (LIM-AT). For this measure the income used is after-tax income of households. There are no regional variations to account for prices or cost of living differences: all applicable households in Canada face the same line adjusted for household size. This line is set at half the median of adjusted household after-tax income. To account for potential economies of scale the income of households with more than one member is divided by the square root of the size of the household. All household members are considered to share the household income and are attributed the same income status. Note: Low-income estimates in the 2011 National Household Survey. For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) low-income statistics are presented based on the after-tax low-income measure (LIM-AT). This measure is not related to the low-income cut-offs (LICO) presented in the 2006 Census and prevalence rates are conceptually not comparable. Because of the sensitivity of certain income indicators to differences in methodology and response patterns direct comparisons to establish trends with low-income estimates from other household surveys administrative programs or the 2006 Census are discouraged. The prevalence rates observed in the NHS at the national level are generally 1 to 2 percentage points higher than seen for similar concepts in other programs. However analysis of the NHS data suggests that it is valid to compare low-income data for different sub-populations within the NHS (i.e. for different geographic areas or demographic groups). For more information refer to the Income Reference Guide National Household Survey Catalogue no. 99-014-X2011006. Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date that is before May 10 2011. Source: Statistics Canada; 2011 National Household Survey. How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2013. National Household Survey Profile. 2011 National Household Survey. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 99-004-XWE. Ottawa. Released June 26 2013. http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E