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NHS Profile, Kitchener - Cambridge - Waterloo, CMA, Ontario, 2011

NHS data

NHS data

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NHS data, Kitchener - Cambridge - Waterloo, CMA, Ontario. Table summary
The table shows total, male and female data (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic Kitchener - Cambridge - Waterloo, CMA
Ontario
(Census metropolitan area)
Total Male Female
Citizenship
Total population in private households by citizenshipNational Household Survey data footnote 1 469,935 232,485 237,445
Canadian citizens 445,255 220,825 224,435
Canadian citizens aged under 18 101,425 52,245 49,185
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over 343,830 168,580 175,250
Not Canadian citizensNational Household Survey data footnote 2 24,675 11,665 13,010
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total population in private households by immigrant status and period of immigrationNational Household Survey data footnote 3 469,935 232,485 237,450
Non-immigrantsNational Household Survey data footnote 4 357,305 177,465 179,840
ImmigrantsNational Household Survey data footnote 5 108,720 53,040 55,680
Before 1971 23,705 11,200 12,510
1971 to 1980 14,925 7,230 7,695
1981 to 1990 15,805 8,160 7,650
1991 to 2000 23,910 11,605 12,305
2001 to 2011National Household Survey data footnote 6 30,370 14,845 15,520
2001 to 2005 15,125 7,595 7,535
2006 to 2011National Household Survey data footnote 6 15,245 7,255 7,990
Non-permanent residentsNational Household Survey data footnote 7 3,915 1,980 1,930
Age at immigration
Total immigrant population in private households by age at immigrationNational Household Survey data footnote 8 108,720 53,040 55,680
Under 5 years 12,455 6,275 6,185
5 to 14 years 21,885 11,680 10,205
15 to 24 years 24,955 11,215 13,735
25 to 44 years 42,335 20,630 21,705
45 years and over 7,085 3,240 3,845
Immigrant status and selected places of birth
Total population in private households by immigrant status and selected places of birthNational Household Survey data footnote 9 469,930 232,490 237,445
Non-immigrantsNational Household Survey data footnote 10 357,300 177,465 179,835
Born in province of residence 320,080 159,440 160,640
Born outside province of residence 37,220 18,025 19,200
ImmigrantsNational Household Survey data footnote 11 108,720 53,040 55,680
Americas 16,290 7,510 8,780
United States 4,065 1,720 2,345
Jamaica 1,390 630 765
Guyana 2,365 1,070 1,295
Haiti 15 0 0
Mexico 800 340 460
Trinidad and Tobago 730 315 415
Colombia 1,195 580 620
El Salvador 2,210 1,130 1,085
Peru 170 120 55
Chile 325 145 180
Other places of birth in Americas 3,020 1,465 1,555
Europe 52,260 25,360 26,895
United KingdomNational Household Survey data footnote 12 11,595 5,570 6,025
Italy 1,085 565 520
Germany 4,780 2,200 2,580
Poland 4,530 2,220 2,310
Portugal 7,775 3,830 3,945
Netherlands 1,860 955 900
France 380 190 190
Romania 4,625 2,315 2,300
Russian Federation 930 490 435
Greece 605 300 305
Ukraine 770 325 450
Croatia 2,345 1,135 1,210
Hungary 735 385 350
Bosnia and Herzegovina 3,215 1,500 1,715
Serbia 2,215 955 1,260
Ireland, Republic of 650 280 365
Other places of birth in Europe 4,165 2,130 2,035
Africa 6,070 3,135 2,935
Morocco 40 25 0
Algeria 65 50 20
Egypt 900 500 395
South Africa, Republic of 435 210 230
Nigeria 240 115 125
Ethiopia 765 350 415
Kenya 470 215 260
Other places of birth in Africa 3,155 1,675 1,485
Asia 33,825 16,885 16,940
India 6,645 3,355 3,290
ChinaNational Household Survey data footnote 13 5,510 2,635 2,875
Philippines 1,835 780 1,050
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region 870 470 400
Viet NamNational Household Survey data footnote 14 2,665 1,355 1,315
Pakistan 3,180 1,585 1,595
Sri Lanka 670 345 330
IranNational Household Survey data footnote 15 1,365 770 595
Korea, SouthNational Household Survey data footnote 16 1,130 580 555
Lebanon 345 190 150
Taiwan 460 180 275
Iraq 1,360 670 685
Bangladesh 510 275 235
Afghanistan 985 420 570
Japan 180 55 130
Turkey 385 190 195
Other places of birth in Asia 5,735 3,035 2,700
Oceania and otherNational Household Survey data footnote 17 270 145 130
Fiji 0 0 0
Other places of birthNational Household Survey data footnote 18 260 135 130
Non-permanent residentsNational Household Survey data footnote 19 3,910 1,985 1,930
Recent immigrants by selected place of birth
Total recent immigrant population in private households by selected places of birthNational Household Survey data footnote 20 15,240 7,255 7,985
Americas 2,520 1,155 1,360
United States 845 340 505
Mexico 280 140 140
Cuba 50 35 20
Haiti 0 0 0
Jamaica 90 55 30
Brazil 110 55 55
Colombia 605 285 320
Guyana 125 40 85
Peru 70 50 0
VenezuelaNational Household Survey data footnote 21 80 0 55
Other places of birth in Americas 270 125 145
Europe 2,600 1,305 1,300
France 15 0 0
Germany 100 45 55
Poland 180 55 125
Romania 585 300 285
MoldovaNational Household Survey data footnote 22 25 0 0
Russian Federation 245 120 125
Ukraine 110 45 70
United KingdomNational Household Survey data footnote 12 445 285 160
Other places of birth in Europe 905 450 460
Africa 1,845 950 895
Nigeria 135 60 75
Ethiopia 310 155 160
Mauritius 0 0 0
Somalia 285 130 155
Algeria 0 0 0
Egypt 275 145 130
Morocco 0 0 0
Tunisia 0 0 0
Cameroon 15 0 0
Congo, The Democratic Republic of the 95 55 45
South Africa, Republic of 60 45 15
Other places of birth in Africa 630 335 300
Asia 8,245 3,830 4,420
Philippines 470 160 305
ChinaNational Household Survey data footnote 13 1,395 610 785
India 1,475 675 800
Pakistan 795 365 435
IranNational Household Survey data footnote 15 500 265 240
South KoreaNational Household Survey data footnote 16 360 185 170
Sri Lanka 90 40 50
Iraq 795 385 415
Bangladesh 200 95 105
Lebanon 50 30 25
Viet NamNational Household Survey data footnote 14 205 60 145
Taiwan 145 50 95
Afghanistan 185 100 85
Japan 50 15 35
Turkey 75 45 35
Israel 60 30 35
Nepal 0 0 0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region 25 0 0
United Arab Emirates 70 40 30
Saudi Arabia 90 70 20
SyriaNational Household Survey data footnote 23 200 95 105
Other places of birth in Asia 1,005 505 500
Oceania and otherNational Household Survey data footnote 17 30 15 10
Generation status
Total population in private households by generation statusNational Household Survey data footnote 24 469,935 232,490 237,450
First generationNational Household Survey data footnote 25 113,740 55,580 58,165
Second generationNational Household Survey data footnote 26 95,020 48,005 47,020
Third generation or moreNational Household Survey data footnote 27 261,170 128,900 132,270
Visible minority population
Total population in private households by visible minority 469,935 232,485 237,445
Total visible minority populationNational Household Survey data footnote 28 76,310 38,145 38,165
South AsianNational Household Survey data footnote 29 20,910 10,430 10,485
Chinese 11,795 5,765 6,030
Black 10,485 5,435 5,045
Filipino 2,655 1,175 1,480
Latin American 8,135 4,010 4,130
Arab 4,815 2,595 2,220
Southeast AsianNational Household Survey data footnote 30 7,350 3,765 3,585
West AsianNational Household Survey data footnote 31 3,990 1,970 2,015
Korean 1,595 810 785
Japanese 785 320 465
Visible minority, n.i.e.National Household Survey data footnote 32 1,670 780 890
Multiple visible minoritiesNational Household Survey data footnote 33 2,120 1,080 1,035
Not a visible minorityNational Household Survey data footnote 34 393,620 194,340 199,280
Ethnic origin population
Total population in private households by ethnic originsNational Household Survey data footnote 35 469,935 232,485 237,450
North American Aboriginal origins 12,890 5,950 6,945
First Nations (North American Indian) 9,745 4,570 5,180
Inuit 375 200 175
Métis 3,015 1,305 1,710
Other North American origins 122,590 60,760 61,835
Acadian 730 375 350
American 5,905 3,125 2,780
Canadian 117,000 57,840 59,150
New Brunswicker 45 25 0
Newfoundlander 965 520 450
Nova Scotian 120 40 80
Ontarian 80 25 55
Québécois 135 90 50
Other North American origins, n.i.e.National Household Survey data footnote 36 20 0 0
European origins 343,520 169,455 174,070
British Isles origins 201,970 98,050 103,920
Channel Islander 15 0 0
Cornish 25 0 0
English 114,540 55,545 58,990
Irish 82,930 38,845 44,085
Manx 35 25 10
Scottish 83,340 40,630 42,705
Welsh 7,950 3,840 4,115
British Isles origins, n.i.e.National Household Survey data footnote 37 13,310 6,435 6,875
French origins 43,275 20,550 22,725
Alsatian 260 110 150
Breton 0 0 0
French 43,080 20,450 22,625
Western European origins (except French origins) 125,370 61,915 63,450
Austrian 3,830 1,815 2,020
Belgian 1,790 875 915
Dutch 22,555 11,260 11,290
Flemish 250 115 135
Frisian 100 40 60
German 102,070 50,295 51,780
Luxembourger 55 30 20
Swiss 6,510 3,305 3,205
Western European origins, n.i.e.National Household Survey data footnote 38 0 0 0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins) 8,155 3,985 4,170
Danish 2,110 1,070 1,040
Finnish 1,635 845 790
Icelandic 460 230 230
Norwegian 1,835 865 970
Swedish 2,280 1,020 1,260
Northern European origins, n.i.e.National Household Survey data footnote 39 310 175 140
Eastern European origins 54,440 26,900 27,545
Bulgarian 330 150 180
Byelorussian 215 80 130
Czech 2,120 1,035 1,085
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s. 590 340 250
Estonian 370 155 215
Hungarian 6,985 3,280 3,705
Latvian 620 300 320
Lithuanian 785 420 365
Moldovan 90 40 55
Polish 22,150 11,110 11,035
Romanian 8,435 4,355 4,085
Russian 5,850 2,870 2,975
Slovak 1,675 935 745
Ukrainian 11,050 5,315 5,735
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.National Household Survey data footnote 40 210 60 150
Southern European origins 56,750 28,095 28,655
Albanian 655 380 280
Bosnian 1,065 510 555
Croatian 4,445 2,035 2,410
Cypriot 440 245 195
Greek 3,625 1,860 1,770
Italian 14,860 7,410 7,450
Kosovar 250 145 110
Macedonian 365 175 185
Maltese 830 360 470
Montenegrin 140 75 65
Portuguese 19,815 9,920 9,895
Serbian 5,775 2,760 3,010
Sicilian 75 50 25
Slovenian 1,080 530 555
Spanish 4,905 2,610 2,290
Yugoslavian, n.o.s. 2,255 1,020 1,235
Southern European origins, n.i.e.National Household Survey data footnote 41 0 0 0
Other European origins 2,875 1,455 1,420
Basque 15 0 0
Jewish 2,040 975 1,065
Roma (Gypsy) 105 60 50
Slavic, n.o.s. 70 40 0
Other European origins, n.i.e.National Household Survey data footnote 42 655 375 280
Caribbean origins 6,325 3,080 3,250
Antiguan 35 0 20
Bahamian 15 0 0
Barbadian 460 245 210
Bermudan 65 40 20
Carib 0 0 0
Cuban 330 140 195
Dominican 130 90 40
Grenadian 150 105 45
Haitian 15 0 0
Jamaican 3,335 1,640 1,695
Kittitian/Nevisian 65 30 35
Martinican 0 0 0
Montserratan 0 0 0
Puerto Rican 30 0 30
St. Lucian 75 25 50
Trinidadian/Tobagonian 910 355 555
Vincentian/Grenadinian 80 30 50
West Indian, n.o.s. 885 455 430
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.National Household Survey data footnote 43 295 140 155
Latin, Central and South American origins 11,630 5,895 5,735
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Maya) 275 150 125
Argentinian 125 75 50
Belizean 0 0 0
Bolivian 0 0 0
Brazilian 570 325 250
Chilean 445 250 195
Colombian 1,580 785 790
Costa Rican 15 0 15
Ecuadorian 135 70 65
Guatemalan 515 315 200
Guyanese 2,095 990 1,105
Hispanic 70 40 35
Honduran 110 65 45
Maya 155 105 50
Mexican 1,245 515 725
Nicaraguan 775 405 375
Panamanian 60 0 50
Paraguayan 0 0 0
Peruvian 365 250 115
Salvadorean 3,135 1,645 1,490
Uruguayan 10 0 0
Venezuelan 225 85 140
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.National Household Survey data footnote 44 335 180 150
African origins 8,925 4,700 4,220
Central and West African origins 770 370 395
Akan 0 0 0
Angolan 20 0 10
Ashanti 0 0 0
Beninese 0 0 0
Burkinabe 0 0 0
Cameroonian 0 0 0
Chadian 0 0 0
Congolese 130 75 50
Gabonese 0 0 0
Gambian 0 0 0
Ghanaian 260 105 155
Guinean 0 0 0
Ibo 0 0 0
Ivorian 0 0 0
Liberian 35 15 20
Malian 0 0 0
Nigerian 255 105 145
Peulh 0 0 0
Senegalese 0 0 0
Sierra Leonean 0 0 0
Togolese 50 0 0
Yoruba 15 0 0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.National Household Survey data footnote 45 75 35 45
North African origins 2,840 1,600 1,245
Algerian 15 0 0
Berber 40 0 0
Coptic 70 0 70
Dinka 0 0 0
Egyptian 1,380 760 620
Libyan 245 125 115
Maure 0 0 0
Moroccan 80 35 45
Sudanese 1,080 645 435
Tunisian 0 0 0
North African origins, n.i.e.National Household Survey data footnote 46 0 0 0
Southern and East African origins 3,305 1,685 1,620
Afrikaner 10 0 0
Amhara 0 0 0
Bantu, n.o.s. 15 0 0
Burundian 0 0 0
Eritrean 490 285 205
Ethiopian 950 490 460
Harari 60 0 60
Kenyan 100 65 35
Malagasy 0 0 0
Mauritian 25 0 0
Oromo 15 0 0
Rwandan 30 15 10
Seychellois 0 0 0
Somali 835 425 415
South African 365 175 190
Tanzanian 40 25 20
Tigrian 0 0 0
Ugandan 80 35 40
Zambian 15 0 0
Zimbabwean 105 45 55
Zulu 0 0 0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.National Household Survey data footnote 47 240 135 105
Other African origins 2,275 1,210 1,065
Black, n.o.s.National Household Survey data footnote 48 200 85 115
Other African origins, n.i.e.National Household Survey data footnote 49 2,095 1,145 950
Asian origins 59,250 29,430 29,815
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins 11,830 6,020 5,810
Afghan 1,760 725 1,040
Arab, n.o.s. 1,275 755 520
Armenian 1,110 560 555
Assyrian 130 65 65
Azerbaijani 135 75 60
Georgian 35 0 25
Iranian 2,045 1,110 935
Iraqi 970 495 480
Israeli 135 55 80
Jordanian 305 140 165
Kazakh 20 0 0
Kurd 670 330 340
Kuwaiti 0 0 0
Lebanese 1,185 575 610
Palestinian 1,040 525 510
Pashtun 185 90 95
Saudi Arabian 80 40 35
Syrian 685 350 335
Tajik 20 0 0
Tatar 25 0 15
Turk 1,090 595 495
Uighur 65 25 35
Uzbek 80 45 35
Yemeni 115 65 45
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.National Household Survey data footnote 50 330 165 170
South Asian origins 21,735 10,855 10,875
Bangladeshi 365 220 145
Bengali 225 125 100
East IndianNational Household Survey data footnote 48 16,305 7,955 8,355
Goan 65 45 20
Gujarati 150 95 55
Kashmiri 0 0 0
Nepali 30 15 0
Pakistani 3,210 1,725 1,485
Punjabi 995 505 495
Sinhalese 140 65 75
Sri Lankan 600 295 310
Tamil 360 210 150
South Asian origins, n.i.e.National Household Survey data footnote 51 980 505 475
East and Southeast Asian origins 26,360 12,920 13,440
Burmese 475 240 235
Cambodian (Khmer) 340 175 165
Chinese 14,125 6,850 7,285
Filipino 3,045 1,360 1,685
Hmong 585 300 290
Indonesian 330 150 175
Japanese 1,025 445 575
Korean 1,660 840 820
Laotian 2,295 1,260 1,040
Malaysian 90 50 40
Mongolian 25 10 10
Singaporean 0 0 0
Taiwanese 165 60 105
Thai 390 200 195
Tibetan 30 20 0
Vietnamese 4,030 2,075 1,960
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.National Household Survey data footnote 52 125 50 75
Other Asian origins 235 135 100
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.National Household Survey data footnote 53 235 135 100
Oceania origins 775 370 405
Australian 555 235 325
New Zealander 165 115 50
Pacific Islands origins 60 25 30
Fijian 10 10 0
Hawaiian 0 0 0
Maori 10 0 0
Polynesian, n.o.s. 0 0 0
Samoan 20 0 0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.National Household Survey data footnote 54 0 0 0
Religion
Total population in private households by religionNational Household Survey data footnote 55 469,935 232,485 237,445
Buddhist 5,140 2,585 2,555
Christian 315,105 149,585 165,525
Anglican 22,705 10,500 12,205
Baptist 12,055 5,665 6,390
Catholic 136,415 65,515 70,900
Christian Orthodox 12,680 6,270 6,410
Lutheran 22,285 10,480 11,805
Pentecostal 8,875 4,275 4,600
Presbyterian 16,755 7,780 8,975
United Church 28,265 12,680 15,580
Other Christian 55,065 26,415 28,645
Hindu 6,270 3,220 3,050
Jewish 1,415 670 750
Muslim 18,940 9,705 9,245
Sikh 3,720 1,790 1,935
Traditional (Aboriginal) Spirituality 125 55 70
Other religions 1,980 925 1,055
No religious affiliation 117,230 63,950 53,275
Aboriginal population
Total population in private households by Aboriginal identity 469,930 232,485 237,445
Aboriginal identityNational Household Survey data footnote 56 6,695 3,275 3,415
First Nations (North American Indian) single identityNational Household Survey data footnote 57 4,160 2,055 2,105
Métis single identity 2,060 970 1,085
Inuk (Inuit) single identity 225 150 80
Multiple Aboriginal identitiesNational Household Survey data footnote 58 60 25 35
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhereNational Household Survey data footnote 59 185 80 105
Non-Aboriginal identity 463,240 229,210 234,035
Total population in private households by Registered or Treaty Indian statusNational Household Survey data footnote 57 469,935 232,485 237,450
Registered or Treaty IndianNational Household Survey data footnote 60 1,675 760 915
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian 468,260 231,725 236,530
Total population in private households by Aboriginal ancestryNational Household Survey data footnote 61 469,935 232,490 237,445
Aboriginal ancestryNational Household Survey data footnote 62 12,895 5,950 6,940
First Nations (North American Indian) Aboriginal ancestryNational Household Survey data footnote 57 9,750 4,565 5,180
Métis ancestry 3,015 1,305 1,710
Inuit ancestry 375 195 175
Non-Aboriginal ancestry onlyNational Household Survey data footnote 63 457,045 226,540 230,505
Non-official languages spoken
Total population in private households by non-official languages spokenNational Household Survey data footnote 64 122,520 60,185 62,340
Aboriginal languages 70 20 45
Algonquin 0 0 0
Atikamekw 0 0 0
Blackfoot 0 0 0
Cree languagesNational Household Survey data footnote 65 0 0 0
Mi'kmaq 0 0 0
Innu/Montagnais 0 0 0
Ojibway 35 0 30
Oji-Cree 0 0 0
Carrier 0 0 0
Dene 0 0 0
Tlicho (Dogrib) 0 0 0
Slavey, n.o.s. 0 0 0
Stoney 0 0 0
Inuktitut 0 0 0
Other Aboriginal languagesNational Household Survey data footnote 66 20 10 0
Non-Aboriginal languages 122,470 60,165 62,305
Italian 2,675 1,365 1,315
Portuguese 12,065 5,905 6,160
Romanian 5,545 2,730 2,815
Spanish 11,645 5,655 5,995
Dutch 3,255 1,465 1,790
Flemish 130 30 100
German 15,330 7,350 7,980
Yiddish 15 0 0
Danish 315 150 165
Norwegian 80 40 40
Swedish 345 140 200
Afrikaans 250 135 110
Gaelic languages 55 20 40
Bosnian 605 280 325
Bulgarian 155 85 70
Croatian 3,190 1,485 1,705
Czech 690 320 370
Macedonian 135 60 70
Polish 6,320 3,085 3,230
Russian 2,610 1,310 1,300
Serbian 5,600 2,755 2,850
Serbo-Croatian 540 255 285
Slovak 645 340 305
Slovenian 270 125 145
Ukrainian 1,150 510 635
Latvian 110 50 65
Lithuanian 70 50 25
Greek 1,925 940 990
Armenian 535 295 245
Albanian 845 480 365
Estonian 85 40 40
Finnish 155 65 95
Hungarian 1,675 910 775
Turkish 890 495 395
Berber languages (Kabyle) 0 0 0
Oromo 60 40 15
Somali 690 355 335
Amharic 630 280 345
Arabic 6,145 3,295 2,850
Hebrew 270 120 150
Maltese 90 30 60
Tigrigna 335 185 150
Semitic languages, n.i.e. 395 175 220
Bengali 750 445 305
Gujarati 3,080 1,535 1,550
Hindi 4,410 2,255 2,155
Konkani 40 25 0
Marathi 180 75 100
Panjabi (Punjabi) 5,165 2,510 2,655
Sindhi 340 150 190
Sinhala (Sinhalese) 300 155 145
Urdu 4,605 2,400 2,205
Nepali 30 20 0
Kurdish 520 265 255
Pashto 760 415 340
Persian (Farsi) 3,170 1,545 1,620
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e. 145 80 70
Kannada 55 40 20
Malayalam 320 155 160
Tamil 910 515 395
Telugu 285 145 130
Japanese 665 290 380
Korean 1,480 730 745
Cantonese 2,045 975 1,070
Fukien 30 20 0
Hakka 20 0 0
Mandarin 3,630 1,790 1,840
Taiwanese 50 10 40
Chinese, n.o.s. 5,410 2,695 2,715
Lao 1,650 895 755
Thai 225 110 120
Khmer (Cambodian) 280 155 120
Vietnamese 3,440 1,730 1,715
Bisayan languages 85 25 60
Ilocano 50 20 30
Malay 180 95 90
Tagalog (Pilipino,Filipino) 1,765 625 1,140
Akan (Twi) 205 75 135
Lingala 15 0 0
Rundi (Kirundi) 0 0 0
Rwanda (Kinyarwanda) 15 0 10
Swahili 305 170 130
Bantu languages, n.i.e. 130 60 65
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e. 230 105 125
African languages, n.i.e. 460 290 175
Creoles 170 95 70
Other non-Aboriginal languagesNational Household Survey data footnote 67 2,395 1,135 1,260
Mobility
Total - Mobility status 1 year agoNational Household Survey data footnote 68 464,525 229,760 234,770
Non-movers 403,605 199,615 203,990
Movers 60,925 30,145 30,780
Non-migrants 35,925 17,750 18,180
Migrants 24,995 12,400 12,595
Internal migrants 21,195 10,600 10,600
Intraprovincial migrants 18,985 9,515 9,470
Interprovincial migrants 2,205 1,080 1,130
External migrants 3,805 1,800 2,005
Total - Mobility status 5 years agoNational Household Survey data footnote 69 441,260 217,880 223,380
Non-movers 264,725 130,000 134,720
Movers 176,535 87,880 88,655
Non-migrants 99,485 49,860 49,625
Migrants 77,055 38,020 39,030
Internal migrants 61,060 30,470 30,595
Intraprovincial migrants 54,535 27,275 27,260
Interprovincial migrants 6,525 3,195 3,330
External migrants 15,990 7,550 8,440
Education
Total population aged 15 years and over by highest certificate, diploma or degreeNational Household Survey data footnote 70 383,630 188,190 195,445
No certificate, diploma or degree 75,990 36,925 39,065
High school diploma or equivalentNational Household Survey data footnote 71 107,010 51,960 55,050
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeNational Household Survey data footnote 72 200,630 99,305 101,325
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diplomaNational Household Survey data footnote 73 28,825 19,895 8,930
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma 76,870 33,835 43,040
University certificate or diploma below bachelor levelNational Household Survey data footnote 74 11,885 5,505 6,380
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above 83,045 40,065 42,980
Bachelor's degree 51,380 24,150 27,235
University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor levelNational Household Survey data footnote 75 31,665 15,915 15,745
Total population aged 25 to 64 years by highest certificate, diploma or degreeNational Household Survey data footnote 70 261,800 128,775 133,030
No certificate, diploma or degree 31,465 16,230 15,230
High school diploma or equivalentNational Household Survey data footnote 71 67,290 32,785 34,510
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeNational Household Survey data footnote 72 163,050 79,760 83,290
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diplomaNational Household Survey data footnote 73 21,295 14,660 6,640
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma 62,750 27,565 35,190
University certificate or diploma below bachelor levelNational Household Survey data footnote 74 9,010 4,175 4,835
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above 69,990 33,360 36,630
Bachelor's degree 42,375 19,925 22,450
University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor levelNational Household Survey data footnote 75 27,615 13,440 14,175
Total population aged 15 years and over by major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011National Household Survey data footnote 76 383,630 188,190 195,440
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeNational Household Survey data footnote 77 183,000 88,885 94,115
Education 12,715 2,960 9,750
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies 6,450 2,900 3,555
Humanities 13,275 5,110 8,165
Social and behavioural sciences and law 21,300 6,855 14,445
Business, management and public administration 40,420 15,860 24,560
Physical and life sciences and technologies 7,980 4,105 3,870
Mathematics, computer and information sciences 10,965 7,200 3,770
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies 47,120 42,505 4,615
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation 3,330 2,050 1,280
Health and related fieldsNational Household Survey data footnote 78 25,385 4,070 21,315
Personal, protective and transportation services 11,460 5,670 5,790
Other fields of studyNational Household Survey data footnote 79 230 20 205
Total population aged 15 years and over by location of study compared with province or territory of residenceNational Household Survey data footnote 80 383,630 188,190 195,440
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree 183,000 88,885 94,115
With postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree 200,630 99,305 101,325
Location of study inside Canada 166,960 81,620 85,335
Same as province or territory of residence 156,600 76,310 80,295
Another province or territory 10,360 5,310 5,045
Location of study outside Canada 33,675 17,685 15,990
Language used most often at work
Total population aged 15 years and over by language used most often at workNational Household Survey data footnote 81 283,215 147,010 136,200
Single responses 281,685 146,345 135,340
English 278,445 144,950 133,490
French 820 250 570
Non-official languages 2,420 1,140 1,280
Chinese, n.o.s. 310 130 180
Cantonese 50 0 0
Panjabi (Punjabi) 110 60 50
Mandarin 75 20 50
Spanish 130 40 90
Korean 75 30 50
German 635 295 340
Cree languagesNational Household Survey data footnote 82 0 0 0
Portuguese 250 170 80
Inuktitut 0 0 0
Other languages 785 365 420
Multiple responses 1,530 665 860
English and French 475 130 345
English and non-official language 1,015 510 505
French and non-official language 0 0 0
English, French and non-official language 35 25 15
Total population aged 15 years and over by language used most often at workNational Household Survey data footnote 81 283,215 147,010 136,205
English 278,445 144,955 133,490
French 820 255 565
Non-official language 2,420 1,140 1,280
Aboriginal 0 0 0
Non-Aboriginal 2,420 1,140 1,280
English and French 480 135 345
English and non-official language 1,010 510 500
French and non-official language 0 0 0
English, French and non-official language 40 20 15
Labour force status
Total population aged 15 years and over by labour force statusNational Household Survey data footnote 83 383,630 188,190 195,440
In the labour force 267,465 139,360 128,100
Employed 248,170 129,505 118,665
Unemployed 19,295 9,860 9,440
Not in the labour force 116,170 48,830 67,340
Participation rate 69.7 74.1 65.5
Employment rate 64.7 68.8 60.7
Unemployment rate 7.2 7.1 7.4
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of workerNational Household Survey data footnote 84 267,460 139,360 128,100
Class of worker - not applicableNational Household Survey data footnote 85 5,870 2,790 3,075
All classes of workerNational Household Survey data footnote 86 261,595 136,570 125,025
Employee 239,490 123,145 116,340
Self-employedNational Household Survey data footnote 87 22,105 13,425 8,685
Occupation
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011National Household Survey data footnote 88 267,460 139,355 128,100
Occupation - not applicableNational Household Survey data footnote 89 5,865 2,790 3,075
All occupationsNational Household Survey data footnote 86 261,595 136,570 125,025
0 Management occupations 28,075 17,325 10,750
1 Business, finance and administration occupations 41,335 12,330 29,000
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations 22,640 17,840 4,800
3 Health occupations 13,235 2,250 10,985
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services 28,885 9,075 19,810
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport 6,310 2,710 3,595
6 Sales and service occupations 58,840 23,960 34,885
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations 36,630 34,260 2,375
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations 3,385 2,440 945
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities 22,260 14,370 7,890
Industry
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007National Household Survey data footnote 90 267,460 139,360 128,100
Industry - not applicableNational Household Survey data footnote 89 5,865 2,790 3,075
All industriesNational Household Survey data footnote 86 261,595 136,570 125,025
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting 2,530 1,400 1,135
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction 260 225 35
22 Utilities 975 745 230
23 Construction 16,015 14,120 1,895
31-33 Manufacturing 49,225 34,515 14,710
41 Wholesale trade 12,870 8,790 4,080
44-45 Retail trade 30,035 13,700 16,340
48-49 Transportation and warehousing 11,075 8,485 2,590
51 Information and cultural industries 5,600 2,955 2,645
52 Finance and insurance 16,000 5,415 10,585
53 Real estate and rental and leasing 4,600 2,205 2,395
54 Professional, scientific and technical services 16,615 9,370 7,240
55 Management of companies and enterprises 175 130 45
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services 11,140 5,970 5,170
61 Educational services 22,060 7,630 14,430
62 Health care and social assistance 23,255 3,115 20,145
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation 3,905 2,005 1,900
72 Accommodation and food services 15,235 6,000 9,230
81 Other services (except public administration) 9,690 4,480 5,205
91 Public administration 10,335 5,315 5,015
Work activity
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by work activity in 2010National Household Survey data footnote 91 267,465 139,360 128,100
Did not work in 2010National Household Survey data footnote 92 13,300 6,340 6,960
Worked in 2010 254,165 133,020 121,140
1 to 13 weeks 11,680 5,535 6,140
14 to 26 weeks 19,230 9,075 10,155
27 to 39 weeks 14,630 7,425 7,205
40 to 48 weeks 35,150 18,260 16,890
49 to 52 weeks 173,475 92,720 80,750
Average weeks worked in 2010 45.2 45.7 44.7
Full-time or part-time weeks worked
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by full-time or part-time weeks worked in 2010National Household Survey data footnote 93 267,465 139,360 128,100
Did not work in 2010National Household Survey data footnote 92 13,300 6,340 6,960
Worked in 2010 254,165 133,020 121,145
Worked full-time in 2010 203,350 115,830 87,525
Worked part-time in 2010 50,810 17,195 33,620
Place of work status
Total employed population aged 15 years and over by place of work statusNational Household Survey data footnote 94 248,170 129,500 118,665
Worked at home 13,530 6,595 6,935
Worked outside Canada 925 655 270
No fixed workplace address 22,395 16,095 6,295
Worked at usual place 211,315 106,150 105,165
Mode of transportation
Total employed population aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address by mode of transportationNational Household Survey data footnote 95 233,710 122,250 111,460
Car, truck or van - as a driver 190,330 101,635 88,700
Car, truck or van - as a passenger 15,705 6,810 8,895
Public transit 12,680 5,865 6,820
Walked 10,105 4,745 5,355
Bicycle 2,645 1,950 695
Other methods 2,235 1,245 990
Median commuting duration
Total employed population aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address by median commuting durationNational Household Survey data footnote 96 233,710 122,250 111,460
Median commuting duration 15.9 20.1 15.6
Time leaving for work
Total employed population aged 15 years and over by time leaving for workNational Household Survey data footnote 97 233,710 122,250 111,460
Between 5 and 6:59 a.m. 57,540 40,145 17,395
Between 7 and 9:00 a.m. 124,980 56,605 68,380
Anytime after 9:00 a.m. 51,180 25,495 25,685
Occupied private dwelling characteristics
Total number of occupied private dwellings by condition of dwellingNational Household Survey data footnote 98 181,490 ... ...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed 172,015 ... ...
Major repairs needed 9,475 ... ...
Total number of occupied private dwellings by period of constructionNational Household Survey data footnote 99 181,490 ... ...
1960 or before 38,560 ... ...
1961 to 1980 55,350 ... ...
1981 to 1990 30,515 ... ...
1991 to 2000 24,565 ... ...
2001 to 2005 18,600 ... ...
2006 to 2011National Household Survey data footnote 100 13,900 ... ...
Total number of occupied private dwellings by number of roomsNational Household Survey data footnote 101 181,490 ... ...
1 to 4 rooms 38,880 ... ...
5 rooms 24,770 ... ...
6 rooms 29,335 ... ...
7 rooms 27,730 ... ...
8 or more rooms 60,780 ... ...
Average number of rooms per dwelling 6.6 ... ...
Total number of occupied private dwellings by number of bedroomsNational Household Survey data footnote 102 181,490 ... ...
0 to 1 bedroom 20,505 ... ...
2 bedrooms 38,380 ... ...
3 bedrooms 81,600 ... ...
4 or more bedrooms 41,010 ... ...
Household characteristics
Total number of private households by tenureNational Household Survey data footnote 103 181,490 ... ...
Owner 127,370 ... ...
Renter 54,125 ... ...
Band housing 0 ... ...
Total number of private households by condominium statusNational Household Survey data footnote 104 181,495 ... ...
Part of a condominium development 17,305 ... ...
Not part of a condominium development 164,190 ... ...
Total number of private households by number of household maintainersNational Household Survey data footnote 105 181,495 ... ...
1 household maintainer 100,215 ... ...
2 household maintainers 77,085 ... ...
3 or more household maintainers 4,190 ... ...
Total number of private households by age group of primary household maintainersNational Household Survey data footnote 106 181,495 ... ...
Under 25 years 7,115 ... ...
25 to 34 years 29,620 ... ...
35 to 44 years 36,790 ... ...
45 to 54 years 42,065 ... ...
55 to 64 years 31,065 ... ...
65 to 74 years 19,030 ... ...
75 years and over 15,805 ... ...
Total number of private households by number of persons per roomNational Household Survey data footnote 107 181,495 ... ...
One person or fewer per room 178,745 ... ...
More than one person per room 2,745 ... ...
Total number of private households by housing suitabilityNational Household Survey data footnote 108 181,495 ... ...
Suitable 171,605 ... ...
Not suitable 9,890 ... ...
Shelter costs
Total number of owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratioNational Household Survey data footnote 109 180,985 ... ...
Spending less than 30% of household total income on shelter costs 137,085 ... ...
Spending 30% or more of household total income on shelter costs 43,900 ... ...
Spending 30% to less than 100% of household total income on shelter costs 36,850 ... ...
Number of owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings 127,005 ... ...
% of owner households with a mortgageNational Household Survey data footnote 110 63.5 ... ...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of household total income on shelter costsNational Household Survey data footnote 111 17.5 ... ...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)National Household Survey data footnote 112 1,246 ... ...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)National Household Survey data footnote 112 1,254 ... ...
Median value of dwellings ($)National Household Survey data footnote 113 286,292 ... ...
Average value of dwellings ($)National Household Survey data footnote 113 317,549 ... ...
Number of tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings 54,100 ... ...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingNational Household Survey data footnote 114 13.4 ... ...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of household total income on shelter costsNational Household Survey data footnote 115 40.1 ... ...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)National Household Survey data footnote 116 832 ... ...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)National Household Survey data footnote 116 869 ... ...
Income of individuals in 2010
Total income in 2010 of population aged 15 years and overNational Household Survey data footnote 117 383,635 188,190 195,440
Without income 18,430 8,315 10,115
With income 365,200 179,875 185,330
Under $5,000National Household Survey data footnote 118 34,885 16,700 18,185
$5,000 to $9,999 25,025 8,925 16,105
$10,000 to $14,999 30,245 11,160 19,085
$15,000 to $19,999 29,270 10,670 18,600
$20,000 to $29,999 50,730 21,465 29,270
$30,000 to $39,999 45,790 21,065 24,730
$40,000 to $49,999 39,820 19,765 20,055
$50,000 to $59,999 30,290 17,615 12,670
$60,000 to $79,999 37,090 23,280 13,810
$80,000 to $99,999 21,675 14,025 7,655
$100,000 and over 20,380 15,210 5,175
$100,000 to $124,999 9,955 7,050 2,910
$125,000 and over 10,420 8,160 2,265
Median income ($)National Household Survey data footnote 119 32,633 39,967 26,643
Average income ($)National Household Survey data footnote 119 42,189 50,725 33,904
After-tax income in 2010 of population 15 years and overNational Household Survey data footnote 120 383,630 188,190 195,440
Without after-tax income 18,490 8,320 10,175
With after-tax income 365,135 179,870 185,265
Under $5,000National Household Survey data footnote 121 35,300 16,780 18,530
$5,000 to $9,999 25,605 9,110 16,495
$10,000 to $14,999 31,000 11,340 19,660
$15,000 to $19,999 31,455 11,795 19,655
$20,000 to $29,999 60,555 25,785 34,770
$30,000 to $39,999 55,705 26,845 28,860
$40,000 to $49,999 44,280 24,475 19,805
$50,000 to $59,999 28,440 17,730 10,710
$60,000 to $79,999 33,420 21,665 11,755
$80,000 to $99,999 10,350 7,315 3,035
$100,000 and over 9,030 7,040 1,990
Median after-tax income ($)National Household Survey data footnote 122 29,772 35,744 24,824
Average after-tax income ($)National Household Survey data footnote 122 35,484 41,713 29,435
Composition of total income in 2010 of population 15 years and over (%)National Household Survey data footnote 123 100.0 100.0 100.0
Market income (%)National Household Survey data footnote 124 88.5 91.6 84.1
Employment income (%)National Household Survey data footnote 125 77.7 81.2 72.7
Wages and salaries (%)National Household Survey data footnote 126 74.2 77.2 69.8
Self-employment income (%)National Household Survey data footnote 127 3.6 4.0 2.9
Investment income (%)National Household Survey data footnote 128 3.9 3.7 4.2
Retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities (%)National Household Survey data footnote 129 5.3 5.3 5.3
Other money income (%)National Household Survey data footnote 130 1.5 1.3 1.9
Government transfer payments (%)National Household Survey data footnote 131 11.5 8.4 15.9
Canada/Quebec Pension Plan benefits (%)National Household Survey data footnote 132 3.1 2.6 3.8
Old Age Security pensions and Guaranteed Income Supplement (%)National Household Survey data footnote 133 2.4 1.7 3.4
Employment Insurance benefits (%)National Household Survey data footnote 134 1.5 1.2 2.0
Child benefits (%)National Household Survey data footnote 135 1.4 0.1 3.4
Other income from government sources (%)National Household Survey data footnote 136 3.1 2.8 3.4
Income taxes paid as a % of total incomeNational Household Survey data footnote 137 15.9 17.8 13.2
After-tax income as a % of total incomeNational Household Survey data footnote 138 84.1 82.2 86.8
Net capital gains or losses as a % of total incomeNational Household Survey data footnote 139 1.0 1.1 0.9
Population aged 15 years and over who worked full year, full time and with employment income in 2010National Household Survey data footnote 140 149,320 84,835 64,485
Median employment income in 2010 ($) 49,788 55,838 42,941
Average employment income in 2010 ($) 59,238 67,016 49,005
Family income in 2010 of economic familiesNational Household Survey data footnote 141 131,640 ... ...
Median family income ($) 83,333 ... ...
Average family income ($) 99,053 ... ...
Median after-tax family income ($) 72,790 ... ...
Average after-tax family income ($) 83,104 ... ...
Average family size 3.1 ... ...
Couple-only economic familiesNational Household Survey data footnote 142 44,980 ... ...
Median family income ($) 73,685 ... ...
Average family income ($) 88,947 ... ...
Median after-tax family income ($) 64,702 ... ...
Average after-tax family income ($) 74,758 ... ...
Average family size 2.0 ... ...
Couple-with-children economic familiesNational Household Survey data footnote 143 64,245 ... ...
Median family income ($) 103,352 ... ...
Average family income ($) 119,269 ... ...
Median after-tax family income ($) 88,519 ... ...
Average after-tax family income ($) 98,967 ... ...
Average family size 4.0 ... ...
Lone-parent economic familiesNational Household Survey data footnote 144 18,605 ... ...
Median family income ($) 47,094 ... ...
Average family income ($) 56,669 ... ...
Median after-tax family income ($) 44,164 ... ...
Average after-tax family income ($) 50,401 ... ...
Average family size 2.7 ... ...
Income in 2010 of population aged 15 years and over not in economic familiesNational Household Survey data footnote 145 62,165 30,825 31,340
Median total income ($)National Household Survey data footnote 146 30,088 34,008 27,053
Average total income ($)National Household Survey data footnote 146 38,087 41,775 34,460
Median after-tax income ($)National Household Survey data footnote 147 27,469 30,506 25,521
Average after-tax income ($)National Household Survey data footnote 147 32,436 34,790 30,122
Total population by decile of adjusted after-tax family incomeNational Household Survey data footnote 148 469,935 232,490 237,445
In bottom half of the Canadian distribution 211,840 100,535 111,310
In bottom decile 39,035 18,945 20,090
In second decile 35,810 15,495 20,320
In third decile 41,665 19,250 22,415
In fourth decile 46,160 22,515 23,645
In fifth decile 49,165 24,335 24,830
In top half of the Canadian distribution 258,095 131,955 126,140
In sixth decile 48,815 24,595 24,225
In seventh decile 52,075 26,755 25,320
In eighth decile 53,255 27,115 26,140
In ninth decile 55,555 28,875 26,680
In top decile 48,395 24,615 23,775
Income of households in 2010
Household total income in 2010 of private householdsNational Household Survey data footnote 149 181,495 ... ...
Under $5,000 4,010 ... ...
$5,000 to $9,999 2,590 ... ...
$10,000 to $14,999 5,020 ... ...
$15,000 to $19,999 6,265 ... ...
$20,000 to $29,999 14,260 ... ...
$30,000 to $39,999 15,205 ... ...
$40,000 to $49,999 15,430 ... ...
$50,000 to $59,999 15,575 ... ...
$60,000 to $79,999 26,660 ... ...
$80,000 to $99,999 22,090 ... ...
$100,000 to $124,999 20,600 ... ...
$125,000 to $149,999 13,235 ... ...
$150,000 and over 20,565 ... ...
After-tax income of households in 2010 of private householdsNational Household Survey data footnote 150 181,495 ... ...
Under $5,000 4,080 ... ...
$5,000 to $9,999 2,610 ... ...
$10,000 to $14,999 5,130 ... ...
$15,000 to $19,999 6,485 ... ...
$20,000 to $29,999 16,220 ... ...
$30,000 to $39,999 17,945 ... ...
$40,000 to $49,999 19,460 ... ...
$50,000 to $59,999 17,425 ... ...
$60,000 to $79,999 31,365 ... ...
$80,000 to $99,999 23,075 ... ...
$100,000 and over 37,695 ... ...
$100,000 to $124,999 17,925 ... ...
$125,000 and over 19,770 ... ...
Household income in 2010 of private householdsNational Household Survey data footnote 151 181,495 ... ...
Median household total income ($) 68,906 ... ...
Average household total income ($) 84,892 ... ...
Median after-tax household income ($) 60,748 ... ...
Average after-tax household income ($) 71,388 ... ...
One-person private householdsNational Household Survey data footnote 152 43,500 ... ...
Median household total income ($) 34,025 ... ...
Average household total income ($) 42,744 ... ...
Median after-tax household income ($) 30,665 ... ...
Average after-tax household income ($) 36,083 ... ...
Two-or-more-persons private householdsNational Household Survey data footnote 152 137,995 ... ...
Median household total income ($) 82,770 ... ...
Average household total income ($) 98,179 ... ...
Median after-tax household income ($) 72,448 ... ...
Average after-tax household income ($) 82,517 ... ...
Income of individuals in 2010
Population in private households for income statusNational Household Survey data footnote 153 469,930 232,490 237,445
Less than 18 years 105,465 54,305 51,160
Less than 6 years 34,640 17,710 16,935
18 to 64 years 310,210 153,785 156,420
65 years and over 54,265 24,395 29,865
In low income in 2010 based on after-tax low-income measure (LIM-AT) 56,490 26,225 30,265
Less than 18 years 15,905 8,105 7,800
Less than 6 years 5,670 2,755 2,915
18 to 64 years 36,750 16,970 19,775
65 years and over 3,835 1,145 2,685
Prevalence of low income in 2010 based on after-tax low-income measure (%) 12.0 11.3 12.7
Less than 18 years (%) 15.1 14.9 15.2
Less than 6 years (%) 16.4 15.6 17.2
18 to 64 years (%) 11.8 11.0 12.6
65 years and over (%) 7.1 4.7 9.0

Symbols

... not applicable

National Household Survey data: Footnotes

Footnote 1

Citizenship refers to the legal citizenship status of a person. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship.

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Footnote 2

Includes persons who are stateless.

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Footnote 3

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status. A landed immigrant/permanent resident refers to a person who has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities.

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Footnote 4

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

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Footnote 5

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 6

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 7

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 8

Age at immigration refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant/permanent resident status. Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities.

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Footnote 9

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

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Footnote 10

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

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Footnote 11

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 12

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 13

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

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Footnote 14

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

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Footnote 15

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 16

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 17

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 18

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 19

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 20

Recent immigrants are immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 2006 and May 10, 2011. Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

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Footnote 21

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 22

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 23

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 24

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

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Footnote 25

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 26

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 27

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 28

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 29

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

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Footnote 30

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

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Footnote 31

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

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Footnote 32

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 33

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 34

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 35

This is a total population estimate.  The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the NHS.

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Footnote 36

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer,' 'Manitoban').

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Footnote 37

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 38

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 39

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 40

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 41

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 42

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 43

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Guadelupian,' 'Aruban').

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Footnote 44

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 45

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Ewe,' 'Wolof').

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Footnote 46

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 47

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 48

Some respondents may choose to provide very specific ethnic origins in the National Household Survey (NHS), while other respondents may choose to give more general responses. This means that two respondents with the same ethnic ancestry could have different response patterns and thus could be counted as having different ethnic origins. For example, one respondent may report 'East Indian' ethnic origin while another respondent, with a similar ancestral background, may report 'Punjabi' or 'South Asian' origins; one respondent may report 'Black' while another, similar respondent, may report 'Ghanaian' or 'African.' As a result, ethnic origin data are very fluid, and counts for certain origins, such as 'East Indian' and 'Black,' may seem lower than initially expected. Users who wish to obtain broader response counts may wish to combine data for one or more ethnic origins together or use counts for ethnic categories such as 'South Asian origins' or 'African origins.' (Please note, however, that 'African origins' should not be considered equivalent to the 'Black' population group or visible minority status, as there are persons reporting African origins who report a population group or visible minority status other than 'Black.' Conversely, many people report a population group or visible minority status of 'Black' and do not report having 'African' origins. For information on population group and visible minority population in the 2011 NHS, refer to the appropriate definitions in this publication.)

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Footnote 49

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 50

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 51

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bhutanese').

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Footnote 52

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian,' 'Karen').

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Footnote 53

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 54

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 55

Religion refers to the person's self-identification as having a connection or affiliation with any religious denomination, group, body, sect, cult or other religiously defined community or system of belief. Religion is not limited to formal membership in a religious organization or group. Persons without a religious connection or affiliation can self-identify as atheist, agnostic or humanist, or can provide another applicable response.

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Footnote 56

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 57

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

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Footnote 58

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 59

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 60

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.' Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 61

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ancestries in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ancestry (ethnic origin) in the National Household Survey.

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Footnote 62

'Aboriginal ancestry' includes persons who reported one or more than one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17, either with or without also reporting a non-Aboriginal ancestry. The sum of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry', 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' is thus greater than the sum of the total for 'Aboriginal ancestry' because persons who reported more than one Aboriginal ancestry are included in the response category for each Aboriginal ancestry they reported. All respondents with Aboriginal ancestry are counted in at least one of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry,' 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' and also in the category 'Aboriginal ancestry.' Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the respondent's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

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Footnote 63

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry only' includes persons who did not report First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17.

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Footnote 64

Refers to languages, other than English or French, in which the respondent can conduct a conversation. The category 'Non-official languages spoken' represents the sum of single language responses and multiple language responses received in the National Household Survey. Hence, this total is greater than the total population.

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Footnote 65

Cree languages include the following categories: Cree not otherwise specified (which refers to those who reported 'Cree'), Swampy Cree, Plains Cree, Woods Cree, and a category labelled 'Cree not included elsewhere' (which includes Moose Cree, Northern East Cree and Southern East Cree).

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Footnote 66

This is a subtotal of all Aboriginal languages collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

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Footnote 67

This is a subtotal of all non-Aboriginal languages, other than English or French, collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

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Footnote 68

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 69

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 70

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom. For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 71

'High school diploma or equivalent' includes persons who have graduated from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 72

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 73

'Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma' includes Registered Apprenticeship certificates (including Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation) and other trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

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Footnote 74

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' was over-reported in the NHS. This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' category with caution.

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Footnote 75

'University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level' includes the categories 'University certificate or diploma above bachelor level,' 'Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry,' 'Master's degree' and 'Earned doctorate.'

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Footnote 76

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 77

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed a registered apprenticeship certificate (including Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation) or other trades certificate or diploma, a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma, or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 78

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

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Footnote 79

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

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Footnote 80

'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence' indicates whether the 'Location of study' is the same as the province or territory of residence in 2011, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. 'Location of study' refers to the province, territory or country of the institution where the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school level was completed. Users should be aware that some respondents may have reported the physical location of study rather than the location of the certificate, diploma or degree-granting institution. This could affect the responses of those who obtained a certificate, diploma or degree through a joint program or by distance learning with credentials granted in another province or country. In particular, a number of persons reported a location of study for a university credential in one of the territories (Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut), even though there were no educational institutions in the territories with the authority to grant university degrees. For any other comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable or 'Location of study,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 81

Population by language used most often at work . Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

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Footnote 82

Cree languages include the following categories: Cree not otherwise specified (which refers to those who reported 'Cree'), Swampy Cree, Plains Cree, Woods Cree, and a category labelled 'Cree not included elsewhere' (which includes Moose Cree, Northern East Cree and Southern East Cree).

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Footnote 83

Refers to whether a person was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011. In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 84

Refers to whether an employed person is an employee or is self-employed. The self-employed include persons with or without a business, as well as unpaid family workers. 

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Footnote 85

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

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Footnote 86

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

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Footnote 87

Includes self-employed with an incorporated business and self-employed with an unincorporated business. Also included among the self-employed are unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 88

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The 2011 National Household Survey occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2011. 

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Footnote 89

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

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Footnote 90

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

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Footnote 91

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person worked for pay or in self-employment in 2010 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 92

Includes persons who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2010 only, or persons who worked in 2011 only.

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Footnote 93

Refers to persons who worked for pay or in self-employment in 2010. These persons were asked to report whether the weeks they worked in 2010 were full-time weeks (30 hours or more per week) or not, on the basis of all jobs held. Persons with a part-time job for part of the year and a full-time job for another part of the year were to report the information for the job at which they worked the most weeks.

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Footnote 94

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 95

Refers to the main mode of transportation a respondent uses to travel between his or her home and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 96

Refers to how many minutes it took for a person to travel from home to work. Median commuting duration is the value which divides the commuting duration into two equal halves, i.e., the commuting duration of individuals for the first half is below the median, while the commuting distance of individuals for the second half is above the median.

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Footnote 97

Time at which a respondent usually leaves home to go to work.

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Footnote 98

Condition of dwelling - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 99

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed.

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Footnote 100

Includes data up to May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 101

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining room and living room arrangements).

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Footnote 102

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 103

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling, or whether the dwelling is band housing (on an Indian reserve or settlement).

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Footnote 104

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 105

Household maintainer - Refers to whether or not a person residing in the household is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making such payments, the reference person is identified by default.

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Footnote 106

Primary household maintainer - First person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity bill, and so on, for the dwelling. The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which the respondent lists the persons on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by that person's spouse or common-law partner and by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by the person. Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 107

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 108

Housing suitability - Housing suitability refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the National Occupancy Standard. Housing suitability assesses the required number of bedrooms for a household based on the age, sex, and relationships among household members. An alternative variable, the number of persons per room, considers all rooms in a private dwelling and the number of household members. Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 109

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Percentage of a household's average total monthly income which is spent on shelter-related expenses. Those expenses include the monthly rent (for tenants) or the mortgage payment, property taxes and condominium fees (for owners) and the costs of electricity, heat, municipal services, etc. The percentage is calculated by dividing the total shelter-related expenses by the household's total monthly income and multiplying the result by 100. Includes owner and tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings with household total income greater than zero in 2010 (i.e., excludes negative or zero household total income). The relatively high shelter costs to household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2011, while household total income is reported for the year 2010. As well, for some households, the 2010 household total income may represent income for only part of a year. Household total income - The total income of a household is the sum of the total incomes of all members of that household. Total income refers to the total of income from all sources, including employment income, income from government programs, pension income, investment income and any other money income, before income taxes and deductions, during the calendar year 2010.

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Footnote 110

Presence of mortgage - Refers to whether the owner households reported mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 111

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio for owner households - Percentage of an owner household's average total monthly income which is spent on shelter-related expenses. Those expenses include the mortgage payment, property taxes and condominium fees and the costs of electricity, heat, municipal services, etc. The percentage is calculated by dividing the total shelter-related expenses by the household's total monthly income and multiplying the result by 100. Includes owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings with household total income greater than zero in 2010 (i.e., excludes negative or zero household total income). The relatively high shelter costs to household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2011, while household total income is reported for the year 2010. As well, for some households, the 2010 household total income may represent income for only part of a year. Household total income - The total income of a household is the sum of the total incomes of all members of that household. Total income refers to the total of income from all sources, including employment income, income from government programs, pension income, investment income and any other money income, before income taxes and deductions, during the calendar year 2010.

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Footnote 112

Shelter cost for owned dwellings - Includes all shelter expenses paid by households that own their dwellings, such as the mortgage payment and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services, property taxes and condominium fees.

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Footnote 113

Value of dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the dwelling were to be sold.

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Footnote 114

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 115

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio for tenant households - Percentage of a tenant household's average total monthly income which is spent on shelter-related expenses. Those expenses include the monthly rent and the costs of electricity, heat, municipal services, etc. The percentage is calculated by dividing the total shelter-related expenses by the household's total monthly income and multiplying the result by 100. Includes tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings with household total income greater than zero in 2010 (i.e., excludes negative or zero household total income). The relatively high shelter costs to household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2011, while household total income is reported for the year 2010. As well, for some households, the 2010 household total income may represent income for only part of a year. Household total income - The total income of a household is the sum of the total incomes of all members of that household. Total income refers to the total of income from all sources, including employment income, income from government programs, pension income, investment income and any other money income, before income taxes and deductions, during the calendar year 2010.

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Footnote 116

Shelter costs for rented dwellings - Includes all shelter expenses paid by households that rent their dwellings, such as the monthly rent and the costs of electricity, heat and municipal services.

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Footnote 117

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, old age security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition. Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years). Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group. Median and average of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative). Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 118

Including loss.

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Footnote 119

For population with income.

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Footnote 120

After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal, provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010. Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years). Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group. Median and average of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative). Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 121

Including loss.

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Footnote 122

For population with after-tax income.

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Footnote 123

Composition of income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area. Total income - Total of income from all sources, including employment income, income from government programs, pension income, investment income and any other money income. Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 124

Market income - Refers to the sum of employment income (wages and salaries, net farm income and net income from non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities (including those from RRSPs and RRIFs) and other money income. It is equivalent to total income before tax minus all government transfers and is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

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Footnote 125

Earnings or employment income - Total wages and salaries and net income from self-employment.

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Footnote 126

Wages and salaries - Refers to gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income tax, pensions and Employment Insurance. Included in this source are military pay and allowances, tips, commissions and cash bonuses, benefits from wage-loss replacement plans or income-maintenance insurance plans, supplementary unemployment benefits from an employer or union as well as all types of casual earnings during calendar year 2010. Other employment income such as taxable benefits, research grants and royalties are included.

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Footnote 127

Self-employment net income - Refers to the total amount received by persons aged 15 years and over during calendar year 2010 as net farm income from self-employment, or net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice. Net farm income - Refers to net income (gross receipts from farm sales minus depreciation and cost of operation) received during calendar year 2010 from the operation of a farm, either on the respondent's own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share of income was reported. Included with gross receipts are cash advances received in 2010, dividends from cooperatives, rebates and farm-support payments to farmers from federal, provincial and regional agricultural programs (for example, milk subsidies and marketing board payments) and gross insurance proceeds such as payments from the AgriInvest and AgriStability programs. The value of income 'in kind,' such as agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm, is excluded. Net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice - Refers to net income (gross receipts minus expenses of operation such as wages, rents and depreciation) received during calendar year 2010 from the respondent's non-farm unincorporated business or professional practice. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share was reported. Also included is net income from persons babysitting in their own homes, persons providing room and board to non-relatives, self-employed fishers, hunters and trappers, operators of direct distributorships such as those selling and delivering cosmetics, as well as freelance activities of artists, writers, music teachers, hairdressers, dressmakers, etc.

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Footnote 128

Investment income - Refers to interest received during calendar year 2010 from deposits in banks, trust companies, cooperatives, credit unions, caisses populaires, etc., as well as interest on savings certificates, bonds and debentures, and all dividends from both Canadian and foreign corporate stocks and mutual funds. Also included is other investment income from either Canadian or foreign sources, such as net rents from real estate, mortgage and loan interest received, regular income from an estate or trust fund, and interest from insurance policies. Does not include capital gains or losses.

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Footnote 129

Retirement pensions - Refers to all regular income received by the respondent during calendar year 2010 as the result of having been a member of a pension plan of one or more employers. It includes payments received from all annuities, including payments from a Registered Retirement Income Fund (RRIF), a matured Registered Retirement Savings Plan (RRSP) in the form of a life annuity, a fixed-term annuity, or an income-averaging annuity contract; pensions paid to widow(er)s or other relatives of deceased pensioners; pensions of retired civil servants, Armed Forces personnel and Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) officers; annuity payments received from the Canadian Government Annuities Fund, an insurance company, etc. Does not include lump-sum death benefits, lump-sum benefits or withdrawals from a pension plan or RRSP, or refunds of over-contributions.

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Footnote 130

Other money income - Refers to regular cash income received during calendar year 2010 and not reported in any of the other sources listed on the questionnaire. For example, severance pay and retirement allowances, alimony, child support, periodic support from other persons not in the household, income from abroad (excluding dividends and interest), non refundable scholarships, bursaries, fellowships and study grants, and artists' project grants are included.

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Footnote 131

Government transfer payments - Refers to all cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during 2010. This variable is derived by summing the amounts reported in: the Old Age Security pension and Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance and Allowance for the Survivor; benefits from Canada Pension Plan or Quebec Pension Plan; benefits from Employment Insurance; child benefits; other income from government sources.

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Footnote 132

Benefits from Canada or Quebec pension plan - Refers to benefits received during calendar year 2010 from the Canada or Quebec Pension Plan (For example, retirement pensions, survivors' benefits and disability pensions). Does not include lump-sum death benefits.

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Footnote 133

Old Age Security pensions and Guaranteed Income Supplement - Refers to Old Age Security pensions and Guaranteed Income Supplements paid to persons aged 65 years and over, and to the Allowance or Allowance for the survivor paid to 60- to 64-year-old spouses of old age security recipients or widow(er)s by the federal government during the calendar year 2010.

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Footnote 134

Benefits from employment insurance - Refers to total Employment Insurance benefits received during calendar year 2010, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, work sharing, retraining and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal Employment Insurance Program or the Quebec Parental Insurance Program.

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Footnote 135

Child benefits - Refers to payments received under the Canada Child Tax Benefit program during calendar year 2010 by parents with dependent children under 18 years of age. Included with the Canada Child Tax Benefit is the National Child Benefit Supplement (NCBS) for low-income families with children. The NCBS is the federal contribution to the National Child Benefit (NCB), a joint initiative of federal, provincial and territorial governments. Also included in this variable are child benefits, child disability benefits and earned income supplements provided by certain provinces and territories and the Universal Child Care Benefit (UCCB).

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Footnote 136

Other income from government sources - Refers to all transfer payments, excluding those covered as a separate income source (Canada Pension Plan or Quebec Pension Plan benefits, Old Age Security pensions and Guaranteed Income Supplements, Employment Insurance benefits and child benefits) received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal programs during 2010.

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Footnote 137

Income tax paid - Refers to all federal, provincial and territorial taxes paid on 2010 income. Federal, provincial and territorial taxes paid refer to taxes on income, after taking into account exemptions, deductions, non-refundable tax credits and the Quebec abatement. These taxes are obtained from the income tax files for persons who allowed access to their income tax data and from direct responses on the questionnaire for others.

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Footnote 138

After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal, provincial and territorial taxes paid for 2010.

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Footnote 139

Net capital gains or losses - Refers to the net gains received or losses incurred during calendar year 2010 from the sale of capital property. This represents the proceeds of disposition minus the adjusted cost base of the property and outlays and expenses incurred to sell the property. Capital property includes depreciable property and any property which, if sold, would result in a capital gain or loss (for example, cottages, buildings and securities such as mutual funds). Non-taxable capital gains or losses on the sale of a principal residence are excluded. Net capital gains or losses are not included in the definition of Total income as published in standard products. Net capital gains or losses are not included in the concept of total income but are expressed here as a percentage to obtain a relative measure of size.

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Footnote 140

Earnings or employment income - Refers to total income received by persons 15 years of age and over during calendar year 2010 as wages and salaries, net income from a non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice, and/or net farm self-employment income. Wages and salaries - Refers to gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income tax, pensions and Employment Insurance. Included in this source are military pay and allowances, tips, commissions and cash bonuses, benefits from wage-loss replacement plans or income-maintenance insurance plans, supplementary unemployment benefits from an employer or union as well as all types of casual earnings during calendar year 2010. Other employment income such as taxable benefits, research grants and royalties are included. Net non-farm income from unincorporated business or professional practice - Refers to net income (gross receipts minus expenses of operation such as wages, rents and depreciation) received during calendar year 2010 from the respondent's non-farm unincorporated business or professional practice. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share was reported. Also included is net income from persons babysitting in their own homes, persons providing room and board to non-relatives, self-employed fishers, hunters and trappers, operators of direct distributorships such as those selling and delivering cosmetics, as well as freelance activities of artists, writers, music teachers, hairdressers, dressmakers, etc. Net farm income - Refers to net income (gross receipts from farm sales minus depreciation and cost of operation) received during calendar year 2010 from the operation of a farm, either on the respondent's own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share of income was reported. Included with gross receipts are cash advances received in 2010, dividends from cooperatives, rebates and farm-support payments to farmers from federal, provincial and regional agricultural programs (for example, milk subsidies and marketing board payments) and gross insurance proceeds such as payments from the AgriInvest and AgriStability programs. The value of income 'in kind,' such as agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm, is excluded. Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution, ranked by size of income, into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the unrounded number of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) with income in that group. Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group. Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative). The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics for earnings. Work activity in 2010 - Refers to the number of weeks in which a person worked for pay or in self-employment in 2010 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week). Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 141

Economic family total income - The total income of an economic family is the sum of the total incomes of all members of that family. Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, old age security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition. After-tax income of economic families - The after-tax income of an economic family is the sum of the after-tax incomes of all members of that family. After-tax income of family members or persons not in families refers to total income from all sources minus federal, provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010. Median income of economic families - The median income of a specified group of families is that amount which divides their income size distribution, ranked by size of income, into two halves. That is, the incomes of the first half of the families are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median incomes of families are normally calculated for all units in the specified group, whether or not they reported income. Average income of economic families - Average income of economic families refers to the weighted mean total income of families in 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of families (for example, husband-wife families with working wives) by the number of families in that group, whether or not they reported income. The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics on the after-tax income of economic families. Economic family - Refers to a group of two or more persons who live in the same dwelling and are related to each other by blood, marriage, common-law, adoption or a foster relationship. A couple may be of opposite or same sex.

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Footnote 142

Economic family structure - Refers to the classification of economic families as couple families, lone-parent families or other economic families. Couple families - Those in which a member of either a married or common-law couple is the economic family reference person. Lone-parent families - Those in which either a male or female lone parent is the economic family reference person. Other economic families - Those in which the economic family reference person has other relatives but does not have a married spouse or common-law partner or a child in their census family.

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Footnote 143

Economic family structure - Refers to the classification of economic families as couple families, lone-parent families or other economic families. Couple families - Those in which a member of either a married or common-law couple is the economic family reference person. Lone-parent families - Those in which either a male or female lone parent is the economic family reference person. Other economic families - Those in which the economic family reference person has other relatives but does not have a married spouse or common-law partner or a child in their census family. Presence of children - Refers to the number of children in private households by age groups. To be included, children must live in the same household as the family, without a married spouse, common-law partner or one or more of their children living in the same household. In a census family, they may be children by birth, marriage or adoption. In an economic family, foster children are also included.

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Footnote 144

Economic family structure - Refers to the classification of economic families as couple families, lone-parent families or other economic families. Couple families - Those in which a member of either a married or common-law couple is the economic family reference person. Lone-parent families - Those in which either a male or female lone parent is the economic family reference person. Other economic families - Those in which the economic family reference person has other relatives but does not have a married spouse or common-law partner or a child in their census family.

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Footnote 145

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, old age security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition. After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal, provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010. Median income of persons not in economic families - The median income of a specified group of persons not in economic families (for example, males aged 55 to 64) is that amount which divides their income size distribution, ranked by size of income, into two halves. That is, the incomes of the first half of the persons are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in economic families are normally calculated for all units in the specified group, whether or not they reported income. Average income of persons not in economic families - Average income of persons not in economic families refers to the weighted mean total income of the persons not in economic families in 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of persons not in economic families by the number of persons in that group, whether or not they reported income. The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics on the after-tax income of persons not in economic families. Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011. Economic family persons refer to two or more household members who are related to each other by blood, marriage, common-law, adoption or a foster relationship, and thereby constitute an economic family. Persons not in economic families refer to household members who do not belong to an economic family, including persons living alone.

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Footnote 146

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 147

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without after-tax income (with an after-tax income of zero).

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Footnote 148

Adjusted after-tax income for economic families and persons not in economic families - For economic family members, this refers to economic family after-tax income that has been adjusted by a factor that accounts for family size. The adjustment factor takes into account the lower relative needs of additional family members, as compared to a single person living alone. For use with the NHS income data, the adjusted after-tax income is computed as the economic family after-tax income divided by the square root of family size. For persons not in economic families, the adjusted after-tax income is set at after-tax income. This is equivalent to a factor of 1.0 for a person not in an economic family. Decile of adjusted after-tax family income - The deciles divide the population ranked by size of adjusted after-tax family income into 10 groups of equal size. The population in the bottom decile is the one who falls in the lower 10 percent of the adjusted after-tax family income distribution. The population in the top decile is the one who falls in the highest ten percent of the adjusted after-tax family income distribution. The 10 groups were formed with the full population in private households of Canada, whether or not they reported income.

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Footnote 149

Household total income - The total income of a household is the sum of the total incomes of all members of that household. Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, old age security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition. Household, private - Refers to a person or a group of persons (other than foreign residents) who occupy the same private dwelling and do not have a usual place of residence elsewhere in Canada. Household members who are temporarily absent on May 10, 2011 (e.g., temporarily residing elsewhere) are considered as part of their usual household. Every person is a member of one and only one household.

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Footnote 150

After-tax income of households - The after-tax income of a household is the sum of the after-tax incomes of all members of that household. After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal, provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010. Household, private - Refers to a person or a group of persons (other than foreign residents) who occupy the same private dwelling and do not have a usual place of residence elsewhere in Canada. Household members who are temporarily absent on May 10, 2011 (e.g., temporarily residing elsewhere) are considered as part of their usual household. Every person is a member of one and only one household.

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Footnote 151

Household total income - The total income of a household is the sum of the total incomes of all members of that household. After-tax income of households - The after-tax income of a household is the sum of the after-tax incomes of all members of that household. Total income - Total of income from all sources, including employment income, income from government programs, pension income, investment income and any other money income. After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal, provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010. Median income of households - The median income of a specified group of households is that amount which divides their income size distribution, ranked by size of income, into two halves. That is, the incomes of the first half of the households are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median incomes of households are normally calculated for all units in the specified group, whether or not they reported income. Average income of households - Average income of households refers to the weighted mean total income of households in 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of households (for example, two person households) by the number of households in that specific group, whether or not they reported income. The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics on the after-tax income of households. Household, private - Refers to a person or a group of persons (other than foreign residents) who occupy the same private dwelling and do not have a usual place of residence elsewhere in Canada. Household members who are temporarily absent on May 10, 2011 (e.g., temporarily residing elsewhere) are considered as part of their usual household. Every person is a member of one and only one household.

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Footnote 152

Household size - Refers to the number of usual residents in a private household.

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Footnote 153

Income status can be measured in several different ways in household surveys. For the standard products of the National Household Survey, the line chosen is a relative measure: the after-tax low-income measure (LIM-AT). For this measure, the income used is after-tax income of households. There are no regional variations to account for prices or cost of living differences: all applicable households in Canada face the same line adjusted for household size. This line is set at half the median of adjusted household after-tax income. To account for potential economies of scale, the income of households with more than one member is divided by the square root of the size of the household. All household members are considered to share the household income and are attributed the same income status. Note: Low-income estimates in the 2011 National Household Survey. For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS), low-income statistics are presented based on the after-tax low-income measure (LIM-AT). This measure is not related to the low-income cut-offs (LICO) presented in the 2006 Census and prevalence rates are conceptually not comparable. Because of the sensitivity of certain income indicators to differences in methodology and response patterns, direct comparisons to establish trends with low-income estimates from other household surveys, administrative programs or the 2006 Census are discouraged. The prevalence rates observed in the NHS at the national level are generally 1 to 2 percentage points higher than seen for similar concepts in other programs. However, analysis of the NHS data suggests that it is valid to compare low-income data for different sub-populations within the NHS (i.e., for different geographic areas or demographic groups). For more information, refer to the Income Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-014-X2011006. Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

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How to cite

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2013. Kitchener - Cambridge - Waterloo, CMA, Ontario (Code 541) (table). National Household Survey (NHS) Profile. 2011 National Household Survey. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 99-004-XWE. Ottawa. Released September 11, 2013.
http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed March 28, 2024).

Data source

2011 National Household Survey

NHS data quality

Kitchener - Cambridge - Waterloo, CMA, Ontario

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Census data

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Census data, Kitchener - Cambridge - Waterloo, CMA, Ontario. Table summary
The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic Kitchener - Cambridge - Waterloo, CMA
Ontario
(Census metropolitan area)
Total Male Female
Population and dwelling counts
Population in 2011Census data footnote 1 477,160 ... ...
Population in 2006Census data footnote 1 451,235 ... ...
2006 to 2011 population change (%) 5.7 ... ...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2 191,739 ... ...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3 181,493 ... ...
Population density per square kilometre 576.7 ... ...
Land area (square km) 827.43 ... ...
Age characteristics
Total population by age groupsCensus data footnote 4 477,160 234,900 242,260
0 to 4 years 28,790 14,750 14,035
5 to 9 years 28,395 14,460 13,935
10 to 14 years 29,165 14,905 14,260
15 to 19 years 32,355 16,590 15,765
15 years 6,390 3,280 3,115
16 years 6,435 3,365 3,070
17 years 6,260 3,130 3,125
18 years 6,320 3,250 3,070
19 years 6,955 3,565 3,390
20 to 24 years 35,455 18,175 17,280
25 to 29 years 34,205 17,135 17,075
30 to 34 years 32,610 16,215 16,390
35 to 39 years 33,230 16,425 16,810
40 to 44 years 34,995 17,295 17,700
45 to 49 years 38,375 18,975 19,395
50 to 54 years 35,310 17,350 17,955
55 to 59 years 29,880 14,570 15,310
60 to 64 years 24,935 12,055 12,880
65 to 69 years 18,060 8,495 9,570
70 to 74 years 13,720 6,540 7,180
75 to 79 years 11,060 4,930 6,130
80 to 84 years 8,605 3,470 5,140
85 years and over 8,010 2,555 5,455
Median age of the populationCensus data footnote 5 37.6 36.6 38.7
% of the population aged 15 and over 81.9 81.2 82.6
Marital status
Total population 15 years and over by marital statusCensus data footnote 6 390,810 190,780 200,030
Married or living with a common-law partner 229,255 114,530 114,720
Married (and not separated) 197,420 98,655 98,765
Living common law 31,830 15,880 15,955
Not married and not living with a common-law partner 161,555 76,250 85,310
Single (never legally married) 108,385 59,135 49,255
Separated 12,110 5,010 7,100
Divorced 21,140 8,230 12,910
Widowed 19,920 3,875 16,045
Family characteristics
Total number of census families in private householdsCensus data footnote 7 133,675 ... ...
Size of census family: 2 persons 61,230 ... ...
Size of census family: 3 persons 30,180 ... ...
Size of census family: 4 persons 29,860 ... ...
Size of census family: 5 or more persons 12,405 ... ...
Total number of census families in private householdsCensus data footnote 8 133,675 ... ...
Total couple families by family structure and number of children 112,600 ... ...
Married couples 96,700 ... ...
Without children at home 39,330 ... ...
With children at home 57,370 ... ...
1 child 20,705 ... ...
2 children 25,785 ... ...
3 or more children 10,885 ... ...
Common-law couples 15,895 ... ...
Without children at home 9,410 ... ...
With children at home 6,485 ... ...
1 child 3,150 ... ...
2 children 2,320 ... ...
3 or more children 1,010 ... ...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent and number of children 21,075 ... ...
Female parent 16,950 ... ...
1 child 9,785 ... ...
2 children 5,190 ... ...
3 or more children 1,980 ... ...
Male parent 4,125 ... ...
1 child 2,705 ... ...
2 children 1,125 ... ...
3 or more children 290 ... ...
Total children in census families in private households 152,620 ... ...
Under six years of age 34,325 ... ...
6 to 14 years 51,425 ... ...
15 to 17 years 18,500 ... ...
18 to 24 years 32,585 ... ...
25 years and over 15,785 ... ...
Average number of children at home per census family 1.1 ... ...
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total number of persons in private households 469,935 232,110 237,820
Number of persons not in census families 71,040 34,970 36,070
Living with relativesCensus data footnote 9 9,300 3,905 5,390
Living with non-relatives only 18,035 10,765 7,275
Living alone 43,705 20,295 23,410
Number of census family persons 398,895 197,145 201,750
Average number of persons per census family 3.0 ... ...
Total number of persons aged 65 years and over in private households 54,560 24,560 30,000
Number of persons not in census families aged 65 years and over 17,315 4,565 12,755
Living with relativesCensus data footnote 9 2,885 585 2,295
Living with non-relatives only 765 350 420
Living alone 13,670 3,625 10,045
Number of census family persons aged 65 years and over 37,240 20,000 17,240
Total number of private households by household typeCensus data footnote 10 181,490 ... ...
Census-family households 130,020 ... ...
One-family-only householdsCensus data footnote 11 118,610 ... ...
Couple-family householdsCensus data footnote 12 102,095 ... ...
Without children 43,925 ... ...
With children 58,165 ... ...
Lone-parent-family households 16,515 ... ...
Other family householdsCensus data footnote 13 11,410 ... ...
One-family households with persons not in a census family 7,895 ... ...
Couple-family householdsCensus data footnote 14 5,315 ... ...
Without children 1,950 ... ...
With children 3,365 ... ...
Lone-parent-family households 2,575 ... ...
Two-or-more-family households 3,520 ... ...
Non-census-family households 51,470 ... ...
One-person households 43,705 ... ...
Two-or-more-person households 7,770 ... ...
Total number of occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwellingCensus data footnote 15 181,495 ... ...
Single-detached house 101,215 ... ...
Apartment, building that has five or more storeys 18,530 ... ...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 16 325 ... ...
Other dwellingCensus data footnote 17 61,420 ... ...
Semi-detached house 11,970 ... ...
Row house 20,030 ... ...
Apartment, duplex 5,085 ... ...
Apartment, building that has fewer than five storeys 24,020 ... ...
Other single-attached house 320 ... ...
Total number of private households by household sizeCensus data footnote 18 181,495 ... ...
1 person 43,705 ... ...
2 persons 59,530 ... ...
3 persons 31,015 ... ...
4 persons 30,535 ... ...
5 persons 11,255 ... ...
6 or more persons 5,450 ... ...
Number of persons in private households 469,935 ... ...
Average number of persons in private households 2.6 ... ...
Detailed mother tongue
Detailed mother tongue - Total population excluding institutional residentsCensus data footnote 19 472,090 232,985 239,105
  Single responses  464,625 229,305 235,325
    English  351,920 174,340 177,580
    French  5,865 2,765 3,100
    Non-official languages  106,840 52,200 54,640
      Selected Aboriginal languagesCensus data footnote 20 25 5 20
        Atikamekw    0 0 0
        Cree, n.o.s.  5 5 5
        Dene  0 0 0
        Innu/Montagnais  0 0 0
        Inuktitut  5 0 5
        Mi'kmaq  5 0 0
        Ojibway  15 5 10
        Oji-Cree  0 0 0
        Stoney  0 0 0
Selected non-Aboriginal languagesCensus data footnote 21 105,635 51,595 54,040
        African languages, n.i.e 315 160 150
        Afrikaans  100 55 40
        Akan (Twi)  55 25 25
        Albanian  805 420 385
        Amharic  595 280 310
        Arabic  4,415 2,330 2,085
        Armenian  455 230 220
        Bantu languages, n.i.e 90 45 50
        Bengali  700 375 325
        Berber languages (Kabyle)  5 5 0
        Bisayan languages  45 15 30
        Bosnian  500 255 245
        Bulgarian  160 85 70
        Burmese  60 40 25
        Cantonese  1,390 700 690
        Chinese, n.o.s.  4,825 2,390 2,435
        Creoles  105 45 60
        Croatian  2,140 1,070 1,065
        Czech  770 355 410
        Danish  180 80 95
        Dutch  1,980 895 1,080
        Estonian  120 50 65
        Finnish  160 80 85
        Flemish  60 25 30
        Fukien  20 5 15
        German  12,365 5,725 6,635
        Greek  1,375 685 690
        Gujarati  2,145 1,110 1,035
        Hakka  15 5 10
        Hebrew  90 40 50
        Hindi  1,140 580 565
        Hungarian  1,780 870 910
        Ilocano  55 20 35
        Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e 145 70 75
        Italian  1,850 990 860
        Japanese  380 160 220
        Khmer (Cambodian)  270 140 135
        Korean  1,485 740 740
        Kurdish  515 280 235
        Lao  1,020 495 530
        Latvian  95 50 50
        Lingala  10 5 5
        Lithuanian  85 40 50
        Macedonian  245 125 120
        Malay  190 85 110
        Malayalam  295 150 150
        Maltese  60 30 30
        Mandarin  3,060 1,520 1,545
        Marathi  140 70 65
        Nepali  40 20 20
        Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e 95 45 45
        Norwegian  30 15 15
        Oromo  95 50 45
        Panjabi (Punjabi)  3,845 1,900 1,945
        Pashto  800 420 380
        Persian (Farsi)  2,895 1,515 1,380
        Polish  5,310 2,530 2,780
        Portuguese  9,940 4,775 5,165
        Romanian  5,415 2,655 2,765
        Rundi (Kirundi)  15 5 10
        Russian  1,520 715 805
        Rwanda (Kinyarwanda)  35 20 15
        Semitic languages, n.i.e 225 105 120
        Serbian  5,020 2,480 2,540
        Serbo-Croatian  580 290 290
        Shanghainese  5 0 10
        Sign languages, n.i.e 55 25 25
        Sindhi  205 100 105
        Sinhala (Sinhalese)  190 95 95
        Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e 120 60 60
        Slavic languages, n.i.e 265 140 125
        Slovak  560 255 300
        Slovenian  265 140 130
        Somali  685 335 355
        Spanish  7,900 3,775 4,125
        Swahili  115 60 55
        Swedish  85 50 35
        Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)  1,300 450 845
        Taiwanese  70 35 35
        Tamil  665 350 315
        Telugu  295 165 130
        Thai  115 45 75
        Tibetan languages  5 5 5
        Tigrigna  455 220 230
        Turkish  785 415 380
        Ukrainian  800 345 455
        Urdu  2,790 1,430 1,355
        Vietnamese  3,190 1,535 1,655
        Yiddish  10 5 5
      Other languagesCensus data footnote 22 1,180 605 575
  Multiple responses          7,465 3,685 3,780
    English and French  985 450 540
    English and non-official language  6,095 3,060 3,040
    French and non-official language  225 105 120
    English, French and non-official language 155 75 85
Knowledge of official languages
Knowledge of official languages - Total population excluding institutional residentsCensus data footnote 19 472,095 232,985 239,105
  English only 434,105 216,735 217,365
  French only 220 90 125
  English and French 30,275 13,165 17,110
  Neither English nor French 7,495 2,995 4,495
First official language spoken
First official language spoken - Total population excluding institutional residentsCensus data footnote 19 472,090 232,985 239,100
  English 456,795 226,265 230,530
  French 5,670 2,680 2,990
  English and French 2,320 1,145 1,175
  Neither English nor French 7,305 2,900 4,405
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 23 6,830 3,250 3,580
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 23 1.4 1.4 1.5
Detailed language spoken most often at home
Detailed language spoken most often at home - Total population excluding institutional residentsCensus data footnote 19 472,090 232,985 239,105
  Single responses 455,620 224,900 230,720
    English 397,780 196,700 201,080
    French 1,670 785 890
    Non-official languages 56,170 27,415 28,755
      Selected Aboriginal languagesCensus data footnote 20 0 0 0
        Atikamekw   0 0 0
        Cree, n.o.s. 0 0 0
        Dene 0 0 0
        Innu/Montagnais 0 0 0
        Inuktitut 0 0 0
        Mi'kmaq 0 0 0
        Ojibway 0 0 0
        Oji-Cree 0 0 0
        Stoney 0 0 0
      Selected non-Aboriginal languagesCensus data footnote 21 55,635 27,150 28,485
        African languages, n.i.e. 170 80 90
        Afrikaans 30 15 10
        Akan (Twi) 15 5 10
        Albanian 530 270 260
        Amharic 390 195 200
        Arabic 2,690 1,320 1,370
        Armenian 230 110 115
        Bantu languages, n.i.e. 35 15 20
        Bengali 435 225 205
        Berber languages (Kabyle) 0 0 0
        Bisayan languages 15 5 5
        Bosnian 310 165 145
        Bulgarian 80 40 35
        Burmese 90 45 40
        Cantonese 810 395 420
        Chinese, n.o.s. 3,265 1,635 1,630
        Creoles 35 20 20
        Croatian 1,030 500 530
        Czech 260 120 135
        Danish 35 20 15
        Dutch 240 100 140
        Estonian 25 5 15
        Finnish 20 10 15
        Flemish 0 0 5
        Fukien 5 5 0
        German 3,480 1,595 1,890
        Greek 570 265 305
        Gujarati 1,370 690 685
        Hakka 0 0 0
        Hebrew 55 25 30
        Hindi 535 275 255
        Hungarian 600 300 300
        Ilocano 15 5 5
        Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e. 100 40 60
        Italian 420 195 225
        Japanese 220 110 110
        Khmer (Cambodian) 160 85 75
        Korean 1,065 535 530
        Kurdish 325 170 155
        Lao 545 275 275
        Latvian 15 5 5
        Lingala 5 0 0
        Lithuanian 15 5 15
        Macedonian 125 60 65
        Malay 65 25 40
        Malayalam 190 95 95
        Maltese 5 0 5
        Mandarin 2,360 1,195 1,170
        Marathi 70 35 30
        Nepali 25 10 10
        Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e. 30 15 20
        Norwegian 5 0 5
        Oromo 45 25 25
        Panjabi (Punjabi) 2,560 1,240 1,320
        Pashto 580 295 285
        Persian (Farsi) 2,180 1,115 1,065
        Polish 2,445 1,190 1,260
        Portuguese 4,460 2,085 2,375
        Romanian 2,985 1,460 1,530
        Rundi (Kirundi) 5 5 0
        Russian 945 460 485
        Rwanda (Kinyarwanda) 5 5 5
        Semitic languages, n.i.e. 155 75 85
        Serbian 3,775 1,865 1,910
        Serbo-Croatian 330 165 160
        Shanghainese 5 0 0
        Sign languages, n.i.e. 85 50 35
        Sindhi 85 45 40
        Sinhala (Sinhalese) 80 40 40
        Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e. 100 45 50
        Slavic languages, n.i.e. 140 75 65
        Slovak 180 80 100
        Slovenian 70 30 40
        Somali 480 230 245
        Spanish 4,695 2,250 2,450
        Swahili 70 30 40
        Swedish 35 20 15
        Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino) 445 205 240
        Taiwanese 35 20 15
        Tamil 370 185 180
        Telugu 160 85 70
        Thai 50 25 30
        Tibetan languages 0 0 0
        Tigrigna 285 140 140
        Turkish 420 215 205
        Ukrainian 245 100 140
        Urdu 1,745 895 850
        Vietnamese 2,295 1,110 1,185
        Yiddish 0 0 0
      Other languagesCensus data footnote 22 535 260 265
  Multiple responses         16,470 8,085 8,385
    English and French 575 250 325
    English and non-official language 15,535 7,675 7,865
    French and non-official language 75 30 45
    English, French and non-official language 280 135 145
Detailed other language spoken regularly at home
Detailed other language spoken regularly at home - Total population excluding institutional residentsCensus data footnote 19 472,090 232,985 239,100
  None 410,720 203,030 207,690
  Single responses  60,210 29,400 30,815
    English  24,485 12,270 12,215
    French  4,270 1,820 2,445
    Non-official languages  31,450 15,305 16,145
      Selected Aboriginal languagesCensus data footnote 20 25 10 20
        Atikamekw    0 0 0
        Cree, n.o.s.  0 0 0
        Dene  0 0 0
        Innu/Montagnais  0 0 0
        Inuktitut  5 0 5
        Mi'kmaq  0 0 0
        Ojibway  25 10 15
        Oji-Cree  0 0 0
        Stoney  0 0 0
      Selected non-Aboriginal languagesCensus data footnote 21 30,865 15,015 15,845
        African languages, n.i.e 80 35 45
        Afrikaans  55 30 25
        Akan (Twi)  30 15 10
        Albanian  165 85 80
        Amharic  185 90 90
        Arabic  1,440 785 650
        Armenian  140 75 65
        Bantu languages, n.i.e 25 10 15
        Bengali  175 100 80
        Berber languages (Kabyle)  0 0 0
        Bisayan languages  10 5 5
        Bosnian  155 85 75
        Bulgarian  40 25 15
        Burmese  30 15 10
        Cantonese  485 250 235
        Chinese, n.o.s.  970 490 485
        Creoles  75 30 45
        Croatian  700 350 350
        Czech  285 130 160
        Danish  65 30 35
        Dutch  550 240 310
        Estonian  40 15 25
        Finnish  50 30 20
        Flemish  5 0 10
        Fukien  10 5 5
        German  3,735 1,675 2,060
        Greek  645 320 325
        Gujarati  515 255 260
        Hakka  5 0 0
        Hebrew  60 25 35
        Hindi  765 415 355
        Hungarian  490 230 265
        Ilocano  20 5 15
        Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e 35 25 15
        Italian  695 340 360
        Japanese  145 65 85
        Khmer (Cambodian)  55 30 25
        Korean  275 145 125
        Kurdish  100 50 50
        Lao  305 165 150
        Latvian  20 15 10
        Lingala  15 5 5
        Lithuanian  15 5 10
        Macedonian  60 35 25
        Malay  70 30 40
        Malayalam  110 65 50
        Maltese  20 15 10
        Mandarin  625 290 330
        Marathi  40 25 15
        Nepali  0 0 0
        Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e 80 40 40
        Norwegian  25 15 10
        Oromo  30 15 10
        Panjabi (Punjabi)  845 435 410
        Pashto  135 75 55
        Persian (Farsi)  400 210 185
        Polish  1,525 730 795
        Portuguese  3,805 1,875 1,930
        Romanian  1,510 725 780
        Rundi (Kirundi)  5 0 5
        Russian  390 180 210
        Rwanda (Kinyarwanda)  15 10 10
        Semitic languages, n.i.e 55 30 30
        Serbian  800 390 410
        Serbo-Croatian  145 75 75
        Shanghainese  5 5 5
        Sign languages, n.i.e 55 25 30
        Sindhi  60 25 40
        Sinhala (Sinhalese)  70 35 35
        Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e 10 5 5
        Slavic languages, n.i.e 30 15 15
        Slovak  170 70 95
        Slovenian  90 40 45
        Somali  160 75 90
        Spanish  2,750 1,335 1,415
        Swahili  85 45 40
        Swedish  35 20 15
        Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)  495 155 340
        Taiwanese  20 10 10
        Tamil  235 125 110
        Telugu  90 50 45
        Thai  45 20 30
        Tibetan languages  0 0 0
        Tigrigna  130 60 70
        Turkish  290 150 145
        Ukrainian  180 75 110
        Urdu  840 420 420
        Vietnamese  645 325 320
        Yiddish  5 0 0
      Other languagesCensus data footnote 22 565 280 280
  Multiple responses          1,160 555 605
    English and French  155 75 85
    English and non-official language  455 235 220
    French and non-official language  545 245 295
    English, French and non-official language  10 5 5

Symbols

... not applicable

A possible reason for the use of the three dots (...) symbol is:

  • A value that cannot be calculated such as a percentage change where the denominator is zero.

Census data: Footnotes

Footnote 1

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

Counts of the total population are rounded to a base of 5 for any dissemination block having a population of less than 15. Population counts for all standard geographic areas above the dissemination block level are derived by summing the adjusted dissemination block counts. The adjustment of dissemination block counts is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to census data footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

A separate set of living quarters designed for or converted for human habitation in which a person or group of persons reside or could reside. In addition, a private dwelling must have a source of heat or power and must be an enclosed space that provides shelter from the elements, as evidenced by complete and enclosed walls and roof, and by doors and windows that provide protection from wind, rain and snow.

Return to census data footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

A separate set of living quarters which has a private entrance either directly from outside or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway leading to the outside, and in which a person or a group of persons live permanently.

Return to census data footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Refer to the Census Dictionary for more information.

Return to census data footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

The median age is an age 'x', such that exactly one half of the population is older than 'x' and the other half is younger than 'x'.

Return to census data footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to census data footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Census family - Refers to a married couple (with or without children), a common-law couple (with or without children) or a lone parent family. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family.

Return to census data footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Census family structure - Refers to the classification of census families into married couples (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), common-law couples (with or without children of either and/or both partners), and lone-parent families by sex of parent. A couple may be of opposite or same sex. A couple with children may be further classified as either an intact family or stepfamily, and stepfamilies may, in turn, be classified as simple or complex. Children in a census family include grandchildren living with their grandparent(s) but with no parents present.

Return to census data footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Non-relatives may be present.

Return to census data footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Refers to the basic division of private households into family and non-family households. Family household refers to a household that contains at least one census family, that is, a married couple with or without children, or a couple living common-law with or without children, or a lone parent living with one or more children (lone-parent family). One-family household refers to a single census family (with or without other persons) that occupies a private dwelling. Multiple-family household refers to a household in which two or more census families (with or without additional persons) occupy the same private dwelling. Family households may also be divided based on the presence of persons not in a census family.

Non-family household refers to either one person living alone in a private dwelling or to a group of two or more people who share a private dwelling, but who do not constitute a census family.

Return to census data footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Refers to households that consist solely of one census family without additional persons.

Return to census data footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Refers to households with opposite-sex or same-sex couples.

Return to census data footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

Refers to one-census family households with additional persons and to multiple-census family households, with or without additional persons.

Return to census data footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

Refers to households with opposite-sex or same-sex couples.

Return to census data footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Structural type of dwelling - Characteristics that define a dwelling's structure, for example, the characteristics of a single-detached house, a semi-detached house, a row house, or an apartment or flat in a duplex. Refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to census data footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats and railroad cars.

Return to census data footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

The category 'Other dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to census data footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Household, private - Person or group of persons occupying the same dwelling. Refers to a person or a group of persons (other than foreign residents) who occupy a private dwelling and do not have a usual place of residence elsewhere in Canada.

Household size - Number of persons occupying a private dwelling. Refers to the number of usual residents in a private household.

Return to census data footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

The population excluding institutional residents includes Canadian citizens (by birth or by naturalization) and landed immigrants (permanent residents) excluding those who live in institutions (institutional collective dwellings). Canadian citizens and landed immigrants either: (1) have a usual place of residence in Canada; (2) are abroad either on a military base or attached to a diplomatic mission; or (3) are at sea or in port aboard merchant vessels under Canadian registry or Canadian government vessels. Since 1991, the target population also includes persons with a usual place of residence in Canada who are claiming refugee status, who hold study permits, or who hold work permits, as well as family members living with them; for census purposes, this group is referred to as non-permanent residents. The population universe does not include foreign residents.

Return to census data footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal mother tongues most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 Census of Population.

Return to census data footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal mother tongues (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 Census of Population.

Return to census data footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the census that are not displayed separately here. For a full list of languages collected in the census, please refer to Appendix D in the 2011 Census Dictionary.

Return to census data footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

English is the first official language spoken by Quebec's official language minority, which consists of all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. French is the first official language spoken by the official language minority in the country overall and in every province and territory outside Quebec, which consists of all individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to census data footnote 23 referrer

How to cite

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2013. Kitchener - Cambridge - Waterloo, CMA, Ontario (Code 541) (table). National Household Survey (NHS) Profile. 2011 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 99-004-XWE. Ottawa. Released June 26, 2013.
http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed March 28, 2024).

Data source

2011 Census of Population

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Related links

Map

Map

Map: Kitchener - Cambridge - Waterloo (Census metropolitan area), Ontario

Geographic hierarchy

Geographic hierarchy

Geographic hierarchy: Kitchener - Cambridge - Waterloo, CMA, Ontario (Census metropolitan area)

Note

Note: For more information regarding geographic hierarchies, refer to the Illustrated Glossary: Hierarchy of standard geographic units tutorial.

Related data

Related data

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