About this tabulation

General information

Catalogue number :	97F0019XCB2001056
Release date :	July 24, 2003
Topic :	Earnings of Canadians
Data dimensions :	Geography (Geographic Index) Sex (3) Immigrant Status and Period of Immigration (10D) Historical Highest Level of Schooling (6) Wage and Salary Groups (22) Years (2)

Note

Special Note: Constant Dollars Income

Refers to the presentation of income statistics from two or more censuses in terms of the value of the dollar in one of those censuses.

To convert the 1995 incomes into 2000 dollars, the 1995 values are revised upwards by the change in the Consumer Price Index between 1995 and 2000.

For additional information, please refer to the 2001 Census Dictionary, Catalogue Number 92-378-XIE or 92-378-XPE.

Special Note: Data Quality - Relationship of Census Estimates of Earnings to the National Accounts and Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics

Census income estimates of aggregate earnings (employment income) in 2000 were compared with similar personal income estimates from the national accounts. After adjustments to the personal income estimates for differences in concepts and coverage, census and national accounts estimates of aggregate employment income in 2000 were nearly identical at the national level. As in the past, census estimates for earnings components compared more favourably for some sources and in some provinces than for others.

Census estimates of aggregate wages and salaries, the largest component of income, were almost identical to the national accounts estimates for Canada. Provincial differences were somewhat larger than in past censuses, ranging from a 6.6% higher estimate for Newfoundland and Labrador to a 1.7% lower estimate for Alberta. Although there was a large difference between the two estimates of net income from farm self-employment (smallest component of total earnings), census estimates of aggregate income from both farm and non-farm self-employment differed by about 1.0%. Overall, estimates of total income from employment in the census and national accounts were almost identical at the national level.

Census employment income (earnings) statistics were also compared with similar statistics from the annual Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics (SLID). SLID estimates for 2000 were derived primarily from taxation data information. The estimates of average wages and salaries and average earnings of individuals in the two sources compared favourably, with census estimates higher by 2% and 3.4%, respectively.

Special Note: Immigrant Population

Refers to people who are, or have been, landed immigrants in Canada. A landed immigrant is a person who has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number were born in Canada. For additional information, please refer to the 2001 Census Dictionary, Catalogue Number 92-378-XIE or 92-378-XPE.

Special Note: Immigrants and Non-permanent Residents

The subuniverse 'Immigrants and Non-permanent Residents' includes people who are, or have been, landed immigrants in Canada. A landed immigrant is a person who has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number were born in Canada. It also includes people from another country who had an employment authorization, a student authorization, or a Minister's permit, or who were refugee claimants at the time of the census, and family members living here with them. For additional information, please refer to the 2001 Census Dictionary, Catalogue Number 92-378-XIE or 92-378-XPE.

Special Note: Income Reference Period

Canadian censuses were conducted in 1996 and 2001. Income data from these censuses relate to the calendar year prior to the census year, i.e. 1995 and 2000 respectively. For additional information, please refer to the 2001 Census Dictionary, Catalogue Number 92-378-XIE or 92-378-XPE.

Special Note: Income Suppression

Area suppression is the deletion of all characteristic data for geographic areas with populations below a specified size. Income distributions and related statistics are suppressed if the population in the area, excluding institutional residents, is less than 250 from either the 100% or the 20% database, or if the number of private households is less than 40 from the 20% database.

Tables with Income/Employment Income Distributions

Income/earnings distributions have been suppressed where the estimated total number of units (persons, families or households) in the reference year is less than 250. All suppressed data cells and associated averages, medians and standard errors of average income/earnings have been replaced with zeroes or symbols.

In all cases, suppressed data are included in the appropriate higher aggregate subtotals and totals.

Tables with Number and Average Employment Income only

Statistics have been suppressed if the estimated total number of persons (males, females or both sexes) with employment income in the reference year is less than 250. All suppressed data cells and associated averages have been replaced by zeroes or symbols.

In all cases, suppressed data are included in the appropriate higher aggregate subtotals and totals.

Special Note: Non-permanent Residents

In 1991, 1996 and 2001, the Census of Population enumerated both permanent and non-permanent residents of Canada. Non-permanent residents are persons who held a student or employment authorization, Minister's permit, or who were refugee claimants, at the time of the census. Family members living with these persons are also classified as non-permanent residents.

Prior to 1991, only permanent residents of Canada were included in the census. (The only exception to this occurred in 1941.) Non-permanent residents were considered foreign residents and were not enumerated.

Today in Canada, non-permanent residents make up a significant segment of the population, especially in several census metropolitan areas. Their presence can affect the demand for such government services as health care, schooling, employment programs and language training. The inclusion of non-permanent residents in the census facilitates comparisons with provincial and territorial statistics (marriages, divorces, births and deaths) which include this population. In addition, this inclusion of non-permanent residents brings Canadian practice closer to the UN recommendation that long-term residents (persons living in a country for one year or longer) be enumerated in the census.

According to the 1996 Census, there were 166,715 non-permanent residents in Canada, representing 0.6% of the total population. There were slightly more non-permanent residents in Canada at the time of the 2001 Census: 198,645 non-permanent residents, or 0.7% of the total population.

Total population counts, as well as counts for all variables, are affected by this change in the census universe. Users should be especially careful when comparing data from 1991, 1996 or 2001 with data from previous censuses in geographic areas where there is a concentration of non-permanent residents. Such areas include the major metropolitan areas in Ontario, Quebec and British Columbia.

Although every attempt has been made to enumerate non-permanent residents, factors such as language difficulties, the reluctance to complete a government form or to understand the need to participate may have affected the enumeration of this population.

For additional information, please refer to the 2001 Census Dictionary, Catalogue Number 92-378-XIE or 92-378-XPE.

Special Note: Nunavut (1)

Data from the 2001 Census are available for Nunavut, the new territory that came into effect on April 1, 1999.

Standard data products released only at the Canada/Province/Territory geographic levels will not contain data for Nunavut for the census years prior to 2001.

Standard data products released at the Census Metropolitan Area (CMA) and Census Agglomeration (CA) geographic levels will contain data for Nunavut for the 2001, 1996 and/or 1991 Censuses.

The 1996 and 1991 CMA/CA data have been adjusted to reflect as closely as possible the 2001 CMA/CA geographic boundaries. This has been done to facilitate data comparisons using the 2001 geographic boundaries.

For additional information, please refer to the 2001 Census Dictionary, Catalogue Number 92-378-XIE or 92-378-XPE.

Special Note: Population Universe

The Population Universe of the 2001 Census includes the following groups:

- Canadian citizens (by birth or by naturalization) and landed immigrants with a usual place of residence in Canada;
- Canadian citizens (by birth or by naturalization) and landed immigrants who are abroad, either on a military base or attached to a diplomatic mission;
- Canadian citizens (by birth or by naturalization) and landed immigrants at sea or in port aboard merchant vessels under Canadian registry;
- persons with a usual place of residence in Canada who are claiming refugee status and members of their families living with them;
- persons with a usual place of residence in Canada who hold student authorizations (student visas or student permits) and members of their families living with them;
- persons with a usual place of residence in Canada who hold employment authorizations (or work permits) and members of their families living with them;
- persons with a usual place of residence in Canada who hold Minister's permits (including extensions) and members of their families living with them.

For census purposes, the last four groups in this list are referred to as 'non-permanent residents'. For further information, refer to the variable Immigration: Non-permanent Resident found in the 2001 Census Dictionary, Catalogue Number 92-378-XIE or 92-378-XPE.

Data table

Select data categories for this table

Geography Geographic index Canada Newfoundland and Labrador - Terre-Neuve-et-Labrador Prince Edward Island - Île-du-Prince-Édouard Nova Scotia - Nouvelle-Écosse New Brunswick - Nouveau-Brunswick Quebec - Québec Ontario Manitoba Saskatchewan Alberta British Columbia - Colombie-Britannique Yukon Territory - Territoire du Yukon Northwest Territories - Territoires du Nord-Ouest Nunavut

Sex (3) Total - Sex Male Female

Immigrant Status and Period of Immigration (10D)^{Footnote 1} Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration Non-immigrant population Immigrant population Before 1950 1950-1959 1960-1969 1970-1979 1980-1989 1990-1994 1995-1999

Historical Highest Level of Schooling (6) Total - Historical highest level of schooling Less than high school graduation certificate High school graduation certificate and/or some postsecondary Trades certificate or diploma College certificate or diploma University certificate, diploma or degree

This table details wage and salary groups in constant dollars, sex , immigrant status and period of immigration and historical highest level of schooling for paid workers 15 years and over in Canada^{Footnote 2}

Wage and Salary Groups (22)	Years (2)
	1995	2000
Total - Wage and salary groupsFootnote 3	14,168,570	15,534,885
Without wages and salaries	857,535	849,105
With wages and salaries	13,311,035	14,685,785
Under $2,000	954,450	893,975
$ 2,000 - $ 4,999	1,037,695	1,017,760
$ 5,000 - $ 6,999	644,235	620,580
$ 7,000 - $ 9,999	770,600	761,440
$10,000 - $11,999	549,115	530,760
$12,000 - $14,999	614,030	703,750
$15,000 - $19,999	1,112,765	1,139,320
$20,000 - $24,999	1,005,195	1,204,490
$25,000 - $29,999	1,101,455	1,143,350
$30,000 - $34,999	1,151,105	1,217,955
$35,000 - $39,999	793,000	963,705
$40,000 - $44,999	800,565	919,695
$45,000 - $49,999	559,270	652,775
$50,000 - $59,999	968,530	1,080,320
$60,000 - $74,999	678,775	972,185
$75,000 and over	570,250	863,715
Average wages and salaries $Footnote 4	29,365	32,183
Median wages and salaries $Footnote 5	24,658	26,111
Standard error of average wages and salaries $Footnote 6	18	24

Source: Statistics Canada, 2001 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 97F0019XCB2001056.

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