1996 Census of Canada: Electronic Area Profiles

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Profile of Census Metropolitan Areas, Tracted Census Agglomerations and Census Subdivisions, 1996 Census

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Catalogue number :	95F0179XDB
Release date :	October 29, 1998
Topic :	Profile: All Variables
Data dimensions :	Geography (Geographic Index) Profile of CSD(1699)

Note

Updated March 17, 1999.

Area profiles contain data from the 100% database as well as the 20% sample database. The suppression rules for the 100% database differ from those used for the 20% sample database. For this reason, some geographic areas will show 100% data but the 20% sample data will be suppressed.

Persons living on Indian reserves and Indian settlements, who were enumerated with the 1996 Census Form 2D questionnaire, were not asked the citizenship and immigration questions. Consequently, data are not shown for lower geographic levels (one census tract, many census subdivisions and enumeration areas) that were reserves or settlements, when the majority of the people were enumerated with the 1996 Census Form 2D questionnaire. The data for these Indian reserves and settlements, however, will be included in the totals for larger geographic areas, such as census divisions.

Non-permanent Residents

In 1991 and 1996, the Census of Population enumerated both permanent and non-permanent residents of Canada. Non-permanent residents are persons who held a student or employment authorization, Minister's permit or who were refugee claimants, as well as family members living with them, at the time of the Census.

Prior to 1991, only permanent residents of Canada were included in the census. (The only exception to this occurred in 1941.) Non-permanent residents were considered foreign residents and were not enumerated.

Today in Canada, non-permanent residents make up a significant segment of the population, especially in several census metropolitan areas. Their presence can affect the demand for such government services as health care, schooling, employment programs and language training. The inclusion of non-permanent residents in the census facilitates comparisons with provincial and territorial statistics (marriages, divorces, births and deaths) which include this population. In addition, this inclusion of non-permanent residents brings Canadian practice closer to the UN recommendation that long-term residents (persons living in a country for one year or longer) be enumerated in the census.

According to the 1991 Census, there were 223,410 non-permanent residents in Canada, representing slightly less than 1% of the total population. There were fewer non-permanent residents in Canada at the time of the 1996 Census: 166,715 non-permanent residents or 0.6% of the total population in 1996.

Total population counts, as well as counts for all variables, are affected by this change in the census universe. Users should be especially careful when comparing data from 1991 or 1996 with data from previous censuses in geographic areas where there is a concentration of non-permanent residents. These include the major metropolitan areas in Ontario, Quebec and British Columbia.

Although every attempt has been made to enumerate non-permanent residents, factors such as language difficulties and the reluctance to complete a government form or understand the need to participate may have affected the enumeration of this population and resulted in undercounting.

Ethnic Origin Area Profile Description:

This table shows counts for the 100 most frequently reported ethnic origins in Canada, based on single response counts (persons who reported one ethnic origin only).

Respondents who reported one ethnic origin are included in the single response row. Respondents who reported more than one ethnic origin are included in the multiple response row for each ethnic group they reported. The total response row indicates the number of respondents who reported each ethnic origin.

Users should be careful when interpreting multiple response counts because respondents who reported more than one ethnic origin are counted in the multiple response row for each ethnic origin they reported. This table cannot be used to calculate the ethnic distribution of the population.

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere'. It is used to denote a residual ethnic grouping which contains either a very general ethnic response or several ethnic origins not included as separate groups within an ethnic category. For example, the group 'African (Black), n.i.e.' includes responses such as 'African', 'African Black', 'West African', 'Senegalese', 'Zimbabwean', 'Bantu', 'Zulu', etc.

Comparability of ethnic origin data between the 1996 Census and previous censuses has been affected by several factors, including changes in the question format, wording, examples (such as 'Canadian'), instructions and data processing, as well as by the social environment at the time of the census. The 1996 Census required that respondents write in their ethnic origin(s) on four write-in lines, whereas previous censuses provided the respondent with both mark-in categories and write-in lines.

For more information on ethnic origin, please refer to the 'User Guide: Ethnic Origin' in the electronic documentation supplied with this product. (C:\Rec96cen\Document\English\Other\Ethnic.txt)

Visible Minority Population Area Profile Description:

This table provides counts of the visible minority population as defined for employment equity purposes. The 1996 Census was the first census to ask a direct question to provide data on visible minorities. The data included in this table are obtained from the population group question (Question 19).

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour'. The mark-in groups, other than 'White', listed in the population group question are those that are likely to be members of a visible minority group.

For more information on the visible minority population, please refer to the 'User Guide: Visible Minority and Population Group' in the electronic documentation supplied with this product. (C:\Rec96cen\Document\English\Other\Pop.txt)

Note: For information on the comparability of Labour Force Activity data with those of previous censuses and with the Labour Force Survey, see Appendix E in the electronic documentation supplied with this product.

Data Quality Notes: Industry Divisions

Division N - Government Service Industries: The entire Government Service Industries Division is a difficult area to code. Census respondents tend to give the response 'government' for any number of administrative government or government-related activities. The classification calls for most government-related activities to be coded to divisions other than Government Service Industries. For example, road maintenance services or postal services are not coded to the Government Service Industries Division. For these industries and others of similar type, detailed descriptions are required for accurate coding. Detailed descriptions are often not given on Census questionnaires. Users should be cautious when dealing with estimates of the Government Service Industries Division taken from the Census.

Division P - Health and Social Service Industries and Division R - Other Service Industries are affected by changes in the instructions given to coders for the coding of 'babysitters'.

In 1986 and 1991, the instructions read:

- Babysitters who perform this task in their own home are coded to 979 - Other Personal and Household Services.
- Babysitters who perform childcare in another person's home (including live-in babysitters) are coded to 974 - Private Households.
- Babysitters who are employed by an agency are coded to 864 - Non-institutional Social Services.

In 1996, the instructions read:

- Babysitters who babysit in another person's home are coded to 979 - Other Personal and Household Services (e.g. this code would include teenagers doing babysitting for neighbours).
- Babysitters who take children into their own home are coded to 864 - Non-institutional Social Services.

Exceptions:
- Live-in babysitters/nannies who perform childcare in another person's home are coded to 974 - Private Households.
- Babysitters who are employed by an agency (whether or not they work in their own home) are coded to 979 - Other Personal and Household Services.

These instructions differ significantly. Only the live-in babysitters/nannies would receive the same code in 1991 and 1996. At the Division level, these revisions should lead to fewer respondents coded to Division R and more respondents coded to Divison P. Clients should be aware of these changes when trying to make comparisons of 1996 Census data to those from the 1986 and/or 1991 Censuses.

Data table

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Geography Geographic index

Geography = Ottawa, C
Profile of CSD(1699)	Values
Footnotes Footnote 1 Based on 1996 area. These figures have not been subjected to random rounding. Return to footnote 1 referrer Footnote 2 These figures have not been subjected to random rounding. Return to footnote 2 referrer Footnote 3 Age Refers to the age at last birthday (as of the census reference date, May 14, 1996). This variable is derived from date of birth. Sex Refers to the gender of the respondent. Return to footnote 3 referrer Footnote 4 Legal Marital Status Refers to the legal conjugal status of a person. The various responses are defined as follows: Legally married (and not separated) * Persons whose husband or wife is living, unless the couple is separated or a divorce has been obtained. Separated, but still legally married Persons currently married, but who are no longer living with their spouse (for any reason other than illness or work) and have not obtained a divorce. Divorced Persons who have obtained a legal divorce and who have not remarried. Widowed Persons who have lost their spouse through death and who have not remarried. Never married (single) Persons who have never married (including all persons less than 15 years of age) and persons whose marriage has been annulled and who have not remarried. * In 1996, Aboriginal people married according to traditional customs were instructed to report themselves as legally married. Return to footnote 4 referrer Footnote 5 Census Family Refers to a now-married couple (with or without never-married sons and/or daughters of either or both spouses), a couple living common-law (with or without never-married sons and/or daughters of either or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one never-married son or daughter living in the same dwelling. Return to footnote 5 referrer Footnote 6 Census Family Structure Refers to the classification of census families into families of now-married couples (with or without never-married sons or daughters of either or both spouses), families of common-law couples (with or without never-married sons or daughters of either or both partners) and lone-parent families by sex of parent. Return to footnote 6 referrer Footnote 7 Census Family Structure Refers to the classification of census families into families of now-married couples (with or without never-married sons or daughters of either or both spouses), families of common-law couples (with or without never-married sons or daughters of either or both partners) and lone-parent families by sex of parent. Return to footnote 7 referrer Footnote 8 The average number of never-married sons and/or daughters at home per family is calculated using the total number of never-married sons and/or daughters at home and the total number of families. Return to footnote 8 referrer Footnote 9 Census Family Living Arrangements Refers to the classification of persons in terms of whether they are members of a family household or a non-family household,* and whether they are family or non-family persons.** Household Type Refers to the basic division of private households into family and non-family households. Family household refers to a household that contains at least one census family, that is a married couple with or without never-married sons or daughters, or a couple living common-law with or without never-married sons or daughters, or a lone parent living with one or more never-married sons or daughters (lone-parent family). One-family household refers to a single census family (with or without other non-family persons) that occupies a private dwelling. Multiple-family household refers to one in which two or more census families (with or without additional non-family persons) occupy the same private dwelling. Non-family household refers to either one person living alone in a private dwelling or to a group of two or more people who share a private dwelling, but who do not constitute a census family. Census Family Status Refers to the classification of the population according to whether or not they are members of a census family. Family persons refers to household members who belong to a census family. They, in turn, are further classified as follows: Spouses refers to persons of opposite sex who are legally married to each other and living in the same dwelling. Common-law partners are two persons of opposite sex who are not legally married to each other but live together as husband and wife in the same dwelling. Lone parent refers to a mother or a father, with no spouse or common-law partner present, living in a dwelling with one or more never-married sons and/or daughters. Never-married sons and/or daughters refers to blood, step or adopted sons and daughters who have never married (regardless of age) and are living in the same dwelling as their parent(s). Sons and daughters who are currently or were previously married, or who are living common-law, are not considered to be members of their parent(s)' census family even if they are living in the same dwelling. In addition, those never-married sons and daughters who do not live in the same dwelling as their parent(s) are not considered members of their parent(s)' census family. Non-family persons refers to household members who do not belong to a census family. They may be related to Person 1, the household reference person (e.g., Person 1's divorced brother, brother-in-law, cousin, grandparent), or unrelated (e.g., lodger, room-mate, employee). A person living alone is always a non-family person. Return to footnote 9 referrer Footnote 10 Non-relatives may be present. Return to footnote 10 referrer Footnote 11 These non-relatives must constitute a census family. Return to footnote 11 referrer Footnote 12 Census Family Living Arrangements Refers to the classification of persons in terms of whether they are members of a family household or a non-family household, and whether they are family or non-family persons.** Household Type Refers to the basic division of private households into family and non-family households. Family household refers to a household that contains at least one census family, that is a married couple with or without never-married sons or daughters, or a couple living common-law with or without never-married sons or daughters, or a lone parent living with one or more never-married sons or daughters (lone-parent family). One-family household refers to a single census family (with or without other non-family persons) that occupies a private dwelling. Multiple-family household refers to one in which two or more census families (with or without additional non-family persons) occupy the same private dwelling. Non-family household refers to either one person living alone in a private dwelling or to a group of two or more people who share a private dwelling, but who do not constitute a census family. *Census Family Status Refers to the classification of the population according to whether or not they are members of a census family. Family persons refers to household members who belong to a census family. They, in turn, are further classified as follows: Spouses refers to persons of opposite sex who are legally married to each other and living in the same dwelling. Common-law partners are two persons of opposite sex who are not legally married to each other but live together as husband and wife in the same dwelling. Lone parent refers to a mother or a father, with no spouse or common-law partner present, living in a dwelling with one or more never-married sons and/or daughters. Never-married sons and/or daughters refers to blood, step or adopted sons and daughters who have never married (regardless of age) and are living in the same dwelling as their parent(s). Sons and daughters who are currently or were previously married, or who are living common-law, are not considered to be members of their parent(s)' census family even if they are living in the same dwelling. In addition, those never-married sons and daughters who do not live in the same dwelling as their parent(s) are not considered members of their parent(s)' census family. Non-family persons refers to household members who do not belong to a census family. They may be related to Person 1, the household reference person (e.g., Person 1's divorced brother, brother-in-law, cousin, grandparent), or unrelated (e.g., lodger, room-mate, employee). A person living alone is always a non-family person. Return to footnote 12 referrer Footnote 13 Non-relatives may be present. Return to footnote 13 referrer Footnote 14 These non-relatives must constitute a census family. Return to footnote 14 referrer Footnote 15 Occupied Private Dwelling Refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons are permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on Census Day. Unless otherwise specified, all data in housing reports are for occupied private dwellings rather than unoccupied private dwellings or dwellings occupied solely by foreign and/or temporary residents. Structural Type of Dwelling Refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc. Return to footnote 15 referrer Footnote 16 Includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats and railroad cars. Return to footnote 16 referrer Footnote 17 Private Household Refers to a person or a group of persons (other than foreign residents) who occupy a private dwelling and do not have a usual place of residence elsewhere in Canada. Household Size Refers to the number of persons in a private household. Return to footnote 17 referrer Footnote 18 Citizenship Refers to legal citizenship status of the respondent. Persons who are citizens of more than one country were instructed to indicate this fact. Return to footnote 18 referrer Footnote 19 Place of Birth Refers to specific provinces or territories if born in Canada or to specific countries if born outside Canada. Return to footnote 19 referrer Footnote 20 Includes persons born in a province other than the province of residence, as well as persons born outside Canada who have Canadian citizenship by birth and, therefore, will not have immigrated to Canada. Return to footnote 20 referrer Footnote 21 The countries shown are the 50 most frequent ones for the total immigrant population for Canada. Immigrant: Immigrant Population Refers to people who are, or have been, landed immigrants in Canada. A landed immigrant is a person who has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others are recent arrivals. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number were born in Canada. Return to footnote 21 referrer Footnote 22 Includes persons who reported 'Yugoslavia', whether they referred to the former or to the new republic of the same name. Return to footnote 22 referrer Footnote 23 The official name is Islamic Republic of Iran. Return to footnote 23 referrer Footnote 24 The official name is the Republic of Korea. Return to footnote 24 referrer Footnote 25 Includes Faroe Islands. Return to footnote 25 referrer Footnote 26 Includes persons who reported 'Czechoslovakia'. Return to footnote 26 referrer Footnote 27 Formerly known as Kampuchea. Return to footnote 27 referrer Footnote 28 Refers to persons who, at the time of the census, held a student or employment authorization, Minister's permit or who were refugee claimants, as well as family members living with them. Return to footnote 28 referrer Footnote 29 The countries shown are the 40 most frequent ones for those who immigrated to Canada between 1991 and 1996 (first four months only of 1996). Place of Birth Refers to specific provinces or territories if born in Canada or to specific countries if born outside Canada. Immigrant: Immigrant Population Refers to people who are, or have been, landed immigrants in Canada. A landed immigrant is a person who has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others are recent arrivals. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number were born in Canada. Return to footnote 29 referrer Footnote 30 Includes persons who reported 'Yugoslavia', whether they referred to the former or to the new republic of the same name. Return to footnote 30 referrer Footnote 31 The official name is Islamic Republic of Iran. Return to footnote 31 referrer Footnote 32 The official name is the Republic of Korea. Return to footnote 32 referrer Footnote 33 In previous censuses, Ethiopia included Eritrea, but in 1996, Eritrea was collected as a separate country. Return to footnote 33 referrer Footnote 34 Immigration: Period of Immigration Refers to groupings of years derived from the year of immigration question. Year of immigration refers to the year landed immigrant status was first obtained. Return to footnote 34 referrer Footnote 35 Includes the first four months only of 1996. Return to footnote 35 referrer Footnote 36 Immigration: Age at Immigration Refers to the age at which the respondent first obtained landed immigrant status. A landed immigrant is a person who has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Return to footnote 36 referrer Footnote 37 Language: Mother Tongue Refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the individual at the time of the census. Return to footnote 37 referrer Footnote 38 This is a subtotal of all non-official languages collected by the census that are not displayed separately here. Return to footnote 38 referrer Footnote 39 Language: Knowledge of Official Languages Refers to the ability to conduct a conversation in English only, in French only, in both English and French or in neither of the official languages of Canada. Return to footnote 39 referrer Footnote 40 Language: First Official Language Spoken Refers to a variable specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. Return to footnote 40 referrer Footnote 41 The official language minority is English in Quebec and French in all other provinces and territories. Return to footnote 41 referrer Footnote 42 The official language minority is English in Quebec and French in all other provinces and territories. Return to footnote 42 referrer Footnote 43 Language: Home Language Refers to the language spoken most often at home by the individual at the time of the census. Return to footnote 43 referrer Footnote 44 This is a subtotal of all non-official languages collected by the census that are not displayed separately here. Return to footnote 44 referrer Footnote 45 Language: Knowledge of Non-official Languages Refers to languages, other than English or French, in which the respondent can conduct a conversation. Return to footnote 45 referrer Footnote 46 This is a subtotal of all non-official languages collected by the census that are not displayed separately here. Return to footnote 46 referrer Footnote 47 Aboriginal Groups Special Note: A grouping of the total population into non-Aboriginal or Aboriginal population, with Aboriginal persons further divided into Aboriginal groups, based on their responses to three questions on the 1996 Census form. Included in the Aboriginal population are those persons who reported identifying with at least one Aboriginal group, i.e. North American Indian, Métis or Inuit (Eskimo) and/or who reported being a Treaty Indian or a Registered Indian as defined by the Indian Act of Canada and/or who reported they were members of an Indian Band or First Nation. Special Note: Users should be aware that the population counts associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements. The extent of the impact will depend on the geographical area under study. In 1996, a total of 77 Indian reserves and Indian settlements were incompletely enumerated by the census. The populations of these 77 communities are not included in the census counts. Return to footnote 47 referrer Footnote 48 Users should be aware that the counts for this item are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements. The extent of the impact will depend on the geographical area under study. In 1996, a total of 77 Indian reserves and Indian settlements were incompletely enumerated by the census. The populations of these 77 communities are not included in the census counts. Return to footnote 48 referrer Footnote 49 Includes those who identified themselves as Registered Indians and/or Band members without Aboriginal identity response. Return to footnote 49 referrer Footnote 50 The count for 'Total population by ethnic origin (single and multiple responses) (20% sample data)' represents the total population of Canada, excluding institutional residents. It also represents the sum of persons who reported single ethnic origins and multiple ethnic origins in the census. The count for 'Total population - Single responses' represents the total number of persons who reported only one ethnic origin in the census. This total is greater than the sum of single responses in this table because not all ethnic origins are shown in this profile. The count for 'Total population - Multiple responses' represents the total number of persons who reported more than one ethnic origin in the census. This total is greater than the sum of multiple responses in this table because not all ethnic origins are shown in this profile. Ethnic Origin Supplementary Definition: Refers to the ethnic or cultural group(s) to which the respondent's ancestors belong. Ethnic or cultural origin refers to the ethnic 'roots' or ancestral background of the population, and should not be confused with citizenship or nationality. Comparability of ethnic origin data between the 1996 Census and previous censuses has been affected by several factors including changes in the question format, wording, examples, instructions and data processing, as well as by the social environment at the time of the census. In 1996, comparability with previous census data will be particularly affected by the change in format and the examples provided on the questionnaire. While the 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories and two write-in spaces, in 1996 respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. Twenty-four examples were provided. The change in format to an open-ended question in 1996 is likely to affect response patterns especially for groups which had been included as mark-in response categories in 1991. In addition, the presence of examples such as 'Canadian', which were not included in previous censuses, may also affect response patterns. Since 1986, an instruction to specify as many ethnic groups as applicable has been included in the ethnic origin question. This has affected data comparability for all ethnic groups and categories because of the increase in multiple responses. Prior to the 1981 Census, only the respondent's paternal ancestry was to be reported. If multiple ethnic origins were provided, only one origin was captured, resulting in one ethnic origin per respondent. In 1981, multiple origins were allowed and a write-in space was added to the question, although respondents were not instructed to provide more than one origin. In 1986, respondents were permitted to write in up to three origins other than those shown in the mark-in circles. In 1991, they were permitted to write in up to two additional origins. In 1996, four write-in spaces were provided on the questionnaire and up to six ethnic origins were captured. For more information on ethnic origin, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 50 referrer Footnote 51 The count for 'Total population by ethnic origin (single and multiple responses) (20% sample data)' represents the total population of Canada, excluding institutional residents. It also represents the sum of persons who reported single ethnic origins and multiple ethnic origins in the census. The count for 'Total population - Single responses' represents the total number of persons who reported only one ethnic origin in the census. This total is greater than the sum of single responses in this table because not all ethnic origins are shown in this profile. The count for 'Total population - Multiple responses' represents the total number of persons who reported more than one ethnic origin in the census. This total is greater than the sum of multiple responses in this table because not all ethnic origins are shown in this profile. Return to footnote 51 referrer Footnote 52 The count for 'Total population by ethnic origin (single and multiple responses) (20% sample data)' represents the total population of Canada, excluding institutional residents. It also represents the sum of persons who reported single ethnic origins and multiple ethnic origins in the census. The count for 'Total population - Single responses' represents the total number of persons who reported only one ethnic origin in the census. This total is greater than the sum of single responses in this table because not all ethnic origins are shown in this profile. The count for 'Total population - Multiple responses' represents the total number of persons who reported more than one ethnic origin in the census. This total is greater than the sum of multiple responses in this table because not all ethnic origins are shown in this profile. Return to footnote 52 referrer Footnote 53 Caution should be used in comparing data for 'Canadian' ethnic origin between censuses. The increase in the reporting of 'Canadian' is the result of a number of factors. The change in the format of the ethnic origin question between 1996 and 1991 has had an impact on counts for this group. The 1991 Census questionnaire included fifteen mark-in categories and two write-in spaces for the ethnic origin question. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. Twenty-four examples, including 'Canadian', were provided. 'Canadian' was included as one of the examples on the 1996 Census questionnaire because it was one of the most frequently reported ethnic origins in the 1991 Census. As a result of the change in format of the ethnic origin question in 1996, many respondents who checked a mark-in category to indicate their ethnic origin in 1991 may have written in 'Canadian' as their ethnic origin in 1996. Although the increase in the reporting of 'Canadian' ethnic origins may have impacted the reporting of single ethnic origins for many groups, British Isles origins and French origins appear to have been particularly affected. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for 'Canadian', please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 53 referrer Footnote 54 Caution should be used in comparing data for 'Canadian' ethnic origin between censuses. The increase in the reporting of 'Canadian' is the result of a number of factors. The change in the format of the ethnic origin question between 1996 and 1991 has had an impact on counts for this group. The 1991 Census questionnaire included fifteen mark-in categories and two write-in spaces for the ethnic origin question. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. Twenty-four examples, including 'Canadian', were provided. 'Canadian' was included as one of the examples on the 1996 Census questionnaire because it was one of the most frequently reported ethnic origins in the 1991 Census. As a result of the change in format of the ethnic origin question in 1996, many respondents who checked a mark-in category to indicate their ethnic origin in 1991 may have written in 'Canadian' as their ethnic origin in 1996. Although the increase in the reporting of 'Canadian' ethnic origins may have impacted the reporting of single ethnic origins for many groups, British Isles origins and French origins appear to have been particularly affected. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for 'Canadian', please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 54 referrer Footnote 55 Caution should be used in comparing data for 'Canadian' ethnic origin between censuses. The increase in the reporting of 'Canadian' is the result of a number of factors. The change in the format of the ethnic origin question between 1996 and 1991 has had an impact on counts for this group. The 1991 Census questionnaire included fifteen mark-in categories and two write-in spaces for the ethnic origin question. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. Twenty-four examples, including 'Canadian', were provided. 'Canadian' was included as one of the examples on the 1996 Census questionnaire because it was one of the most frequently reported ethnic origins in the 1991 Census. As a result of the change in format of the ethnic origin question in 1996, many respondents who checked a mark-in category to indicate their ethnic origin in 1991 may have written in 'Canadian' as their ethnic origin in 1996. Although the increase in the reporting of 'Canadian' ethnic origins may have impacted the reporting of single ethnic origins for many groups, British Isles origins and French origins appear to have been particularly affected. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for 'Canadian', please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 55 referrer Footnote 56 In 1991, 'Taiwanese' was included in 'Chinese'. In 1996, 'Taiwanese' was collected as a separate response. Return to footnote 56 referrer Footnote 57 In 1991, 'Taiwanese' was included in 'Chinese'. In 1996, 'Taiwanese' was collected as a separate response. Return to footnote 57 referrer Footnote 58 In 1991, 'Taiwanese' was included in 'Chinese'. In 1996, 'Taiwanese' was collected as a separate response. Return to footnote 58 referrer Footnote 59 In 1991, 'East Indian, n.i.e.' included 'Goan', 'Gujarati' and 'South Asian, n.i.e.'. In 1996, these groups were collected as separate responses. Return to footnote 59 referrer Footnote 60 In 1991, 'East Indian, n.i.e.' included 'Goan', 'Gujarati' and 'South Asian, n.i.e.'. In 1996, these groups were collected as separate responses. Return to footnote 60 referrer Footnote 61 In 1991, 'East Indian, n.i.e.' included 'Goan', 'Gujarati' and 'South Asian, n.i.e.'. In 1996, these groups were collected as separate responses. Return to footnote 61 referrer Footnote 62 In 1991, 'Frisian' was included in 'Dutch (Netherlands)'. In 1996, 'Frisian' was collected as a separate response. Return to footnote 62 referrer Footnote 63 In 1991, 'Frisian' was included in 'Dutch (Netherlands)'. In 1996, 'Frisian' was collected as a separate response. Return to footnote 63 referrer Footnote 64 In 1991, 'Frisian' was included in 'Dutch (Netherlands)'. In 1996, 'Frisian' was collected as a separate response. Return to footnote 64 referrer Footnote 65 Caution should be used in comparing data for Caribbean origins, including 'Jamaican', between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for Caribbean origins, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 65 referrer Footnote 66 Caution should be used in comparing data for Caribbean origins, including 'Jamaican', between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for Caribbean origins, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 66 referrer Footnote 67 Caution should be used in comparing data for Caribbean origins, including 'Jamaican', between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for Caribbean origins, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 67 referrer Footnote 68 Caution should be used in comparing data for Caribbean origins, including 'Haitian', between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for Caribbean origins, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 68 referrer Footnote 69 Caution should be used in comparing data for Caribbean origins, including 'Haitian', between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for Caribbean origins, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 69 referrer Footnote 70 Caution should be used in comparing data for Caribbean origins, including 'Haitian', between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for Caribbean origins, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 70 referrer Footnote 71 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere'. Includes responses such as British, Anglo, Celtic, Cornish, Gaelic, Jersey Islander, Manx, United Empire Loyalist, United Kingdom, etc. Excludes the following groups which were collected as separate responses in 1996: English, Irish, Scottish and Welsh. Return to footnote 71 referrer Footnote 72 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere'. Includes responses such as British, Anglo, Celtic, Cornish, Gaelic, Jersey Islander, Manx, United Empire Loyalist, United Kingdom, etc. Excludes the following groups which were collected as separate responses in 1996: English, Irish, Scottish and Welsh. Return to footnote 72 referrer Footnote 73 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere'. Includes responses such as British, Anglo, Celtic, Cornish, Gaelic, Jersey Islander, Manx, United Empire Loyalist, United Kingdom, etc. Excludes the following groups which were collected as separate responses in 1996: English, Irish, Scottish and Welsh. Return to footnote 73 referrer Footnote 74 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere'. Includes responses such as Arab, Assyrian, Kuwaiti, Libyan, Middle Eastern, Saudi Arabian, Yemeni, etc. Excludes the following groups which were collected as separate responses in 1996: Egyptian, Iraqi, Jordanian, Lebanese, Algerian, Berber, Moroccan, Tunisian, Maghrebi n.i.e., Palestinian and Syrian. Return to footnote 74 referrer Footnote 75 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere'. Includes responses such as Arab, Assyrian, Kuwaiti, Libyan, Middle Eastern, Saudi Arabian, Yemeni, etc. Excludes the following groups which were collected as separate responses in 1996: Egyptian, Iraqi, Jordanian, Lebanese, Algerian, Berber, Moroccan, Tunisian, Maghrebi n.i.e., Palestinian and Syrian. Return to footnote 75 referrer Footnote 76 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere'. Includes responses such as Arab, Assyrian, Kuwaiti, Libyan, Middle Eastern, Saudi Arabian, Yemeni, etc. Excludes the following groups which were collected as separate responses in 1996: Egyptian, Iraqi, Jordanian, Lebanese, Algerian, Berber, Moroccan, Tunisian, Maghrebi n.i.e., Palestinian and Syrian. Return to footnote 76 referrer Footnote 77 In 1996, as in 1991, the 'West Indian' ethnic group includes only responses of 'West Indian'. Other British West Indian origins are included in 'Caribbean, n.i.e.' (or 'Other Caribbean, n.i.e.' in 1991). In 1986, 'Other West Indian' was a general group which included responses of 'West Indian' as well as other British West Indian origins. Caution should be used in comparing data for Caribbean origins, including 'West Indian', between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for Caribbean origins, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 77 referrer Footnote 78 In 1996, as in 1991, the 'West Indian' ethnic group includes only responses of 'West Indian'. Other British West Indian origins are included in 'Caribbean, n.i.e.' (or 'Other Caribbean, n.i.e.' in 1991). In 1986, 'Other West Indian' was a general group which included responses of 'West Indian' as well as other British West Indian origins. Caution should be used in comparing data for Caribbean origins, including 'West Indian', between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for Caribbean origins, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 78 referrer Footnote 79 In 1996, as in 1991, the 'West Indian' ethnic group includes only responses of 'West Indian'. Other British West Indian origins are included in 'Caribbean, n.i.e.' (or 'Other Caribbean, n.i.e.' in 1991). In 1986, 'Other West Indian' was a general group which included responses of 'West Indian' as well as other British West Indian origins. Caution should be used in comparing data for Caribbean origins, including 'West Indian', between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for Caribbean origins, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 79 referrer Footnote 80 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere'. Includes responses such as African, Black African, Bantu, Beninese, Cameroonian, Guinean, Ivorian (Black), Malagasy (Black), Malian, Senegalese (Black), Seychellois (Black), Sierra Leonian, Swahili, Togolese, Tutsi, West African, Yoruba, Zambian, Zimbabwean (Black), Zulu, etc. Excludes the following groups which were collected as separate responses in 1996: Black, Burundian, East African, Eritrean, Ethiopian, Ghanaian, Kenyan, Mauritian, Nigerian, Rwandan, Somali, South African, Sudanese, Tanzanian, Ugandan and Zairian. Caution should be used in comparing data for 'African (Black)' between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for African origins, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 80 referrer Footnote 81 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere'. Includes responses such as African, Black African, Bantu, Beninese, Cameroonian, Guinean, Ivorian (Black), Malagasy (Black), Malian, Senegalese (Black), Seychellois (Black), Sierra Leonian, Swahili, Togolese, Tutsi, West African, Yoruba, Zambian, Zimbabwean (Black), Zulu, etc. Excludes the following groups which were collected as separate responses in 1996: Black, Burundian, East African, Eritrean, Ethiopian, Ghanaian, Kenyan, Mauritian, Nigerian, Rwandan, Somali, South African, Sudanese, Tanzanian, Ugandan and Zairian. Caution should be used in comparing data for 'African (Black)' between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for African origins, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 81 referrer Footnote 82 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere'. Includes responses such as African, Black African, Bantu, Beninese, Cameroonian, Guinean, Ivorian (Black), Malagasy (Black), Malian, Senegalese (Black), Seychellois (Black), Sierra Leonian, Swahili, Togolese, Tutsi, West African, Yoruba, Zambian, Zimbabwean (Black), Zulu, etc. Excludes the following groups which were collected as separate responses in 1996: Black, Burundian, East African, Eritrean, Ethiopian, Ghanaian, Kenyan, Mauritian, Nigerian, Rwandan, Somali, South African, Sudanese, Tanzanian, Ugandan and Zairian. Caution should be used in comparing data for 'African (Black)' between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for African origins, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 82 referrer Footnote 83 Caution should be used in comparing data for African origins, including 'Somali', between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for African origins, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 83 referrer Footnote 84 Caution should be used in comparing data for African origins, including 'Somali', between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for African origins, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 84 referrer Footnote 85 Caution should be used in comparing data for African origins, including 'Somali', between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for African origins, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 85 referrer Footnote 86 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere'. Includes responses such as Yugoslav, Montenegrin, etc. Excludes the following groups which were collected as separate responses in 1996: Albanian, Bosnian, Croatian, Macedonian, Serbian and Slovenian. Return to footnote 86 referrer Footnote 87 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere'. Includes responses such as Yugoslav, Montenegrin, etc. Excludes the following groups which were collected as separate responses in 1996: Albanian, Bosnian, Croatian, Macedonian, Serbian and Slovenian. Return to footnote 87 referrer Footnote 88 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere'. Includes responses such as Yugoslav, Montenegrin, etc. Excludes the following groups which were collected as separate responses in 1996: Albanian, Bosnian, Croatian, Macedonian, Serbian and Slovenian. Return to footnote 88 referrer Footnote 89 Caution should be used in comparing data for 'Black' between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. In 1996, a new question was introduced to measure the visible minority population, including Blacks, more directly. Please refer to the 'Visible Minority Population' Area Profile for data on Blacks. For more information on data for 'Black', please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 89 referrer Footnote 90 Caution should be used in comparing data for 'Black' between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. In 1996, a new question was introduced to measure the visible minority population, including Blacks, more directly. Please refer to the 'Visible Minority Population' Area Profile for data on Blacks. For more information on data for 'Black', please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 90 referrer Footnote 91 Caution should be used in comparing data for 'Black' between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. In 1996, a new question was introduced to measure the visible minority population, including Blacks, more directly. Please refer to the 'Visible Minority Population' Area Profile for data on Blacks. For more information on data for 'Black', please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 91 referrer Footnote 92 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere'. Includes responses such as South Asian, Kashmiri, Nepalese, etc. Excludes the following groups which were collected as separate responses in 1996: Bangladeshi, Bengali, East Indian, Goan, Gujarati, Pakistani, Punjabi, Sinhalese, Sri Lankan and Tamil. In 1991, 'South Asian, n.i.e.' was included in 'East Indian, n.i.e.'. In 1996, 'South Asian, n.i.e.' was collected as a separate response. Return to footnote 92 referrer Footnote 93 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere'. Includes responses such as South Asian, Kashmiri, Nepalese, etc. Excludes the following groups which were collected as separate responses in 1996: Bangladeshi, Bengali, East Indian, Goan, Gujarati, Pakistani, Punjabi, Sinhalese, Sri Lankan and Tamil. In 1991, 'South Asian, n.i.e.' was included in 'East Indian, n.i.e.'. In 1996, 'South Asian, n.i.e.' was collected as a separate response. Return to footnote 93 referrer Footnote 94 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere'. Includes responses such as South Asian, Kashmiri, Nepalese, etc. Excludes the following groups which were collected as separate responses in 1996: Bangladeshi, Bengali, East Indian, Goan, Gujarati, Pakistani, Punjabi, Sinhalese, Sri Lankan and Tamil. In 1991, 'South Asian, n.i.e.' was included in 'East Indian, n.i.e.'. In 1996, 'South Asian, n.i.e.' was collected as a separate response. Return to footnote 94 referrer Footnote 95 Caution should be used in comparing data for Caribbean origins, including 'Trinidadian/Tobagonian', between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for Caribbean origins, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 95 referrer Footnote 96 Caution should be used in comparing data for Caribbean origins, including 'Trinidadian/Tobagonian', between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for Caribbean origins, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 96 referrer Footnote 97 Caution should be used in comparing data for Caribbean origins, including 'Trinidadian/Tobagonian', between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for Caribbean origins, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 97 referrer Footnote 98 Caution should be used in comparing data for Caribbean origins, including 'Guyanese', between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for Caribbean origins, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 98 referrer Footnote 99 Caution should be used in comparing data for Caribbean origins, including 'Guyanese', between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for Caribbean origins, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 99 referrer Footnote 100 Caution should be used in comparing data for Caribbean origins, including 'Guyanese', between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for Caribbean origins, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 100 referrer Footnote 101 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere'. Includes responses such as Latin American, Central American, South American, Latino, Bolivian, etc. Excludes the following groups which were collected as separate responses in 1996: Argentinian, Brazilian, Central/South American Indian, Chilean, Colombian, Costa Rican, Ecuadorian, Guatemalan, Hispanic, Honduran, Mexican, Nicaraguan, Panamanian, Paraguayan, Peruvian, Salvadorean, Uruguayan and Venezuelan. Return to footnote 101 referrer Footnote 102 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere'. Includes responses such as Latin American, Central American, South American, Latino, Bolivian, etc. Excludes the following groups which were collected as separate responses in 1996: Argentinian, Brazilian, Central/South American Indian, Chilean, Colombian, Costa Rican, Ecuadorian, Guatemalan, Hispanic, Honduran, Mexican, Nicaraguan, Panamanian, Paraguayan, Peruvian, Salvadorean, Uruguayan and Venezuelan. Return to footnote 102 referrer Footnote 103 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere'. Includes responses such as Latin American, Central American, South American, Latino, Bolivian, etc. Excludes the following groups which were collected as separate responses in 1996: Argentinian, Brazilian, Central/South American Indian, Chilean, Colombian, Costa Rican, Ecuadorian, Guatemalan, Hispanic, Honduran, Mexican, Nicaraguan, Panamanian, Paraguayan, Peruvian, Salvadorean, Uruguayan and Venezuelan. Return to footnote 103 referrer Footnote 104 In 1991, 'Eritrean' was included in 'Ethiopian'. In 1996, 'Eritrean' was collected as a separate response. Caution should be used in comparing data for African origins, including 'Ethiopian', between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for African origins, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 104 referrer Footnote 105 In 1991, 'Eritrean' was included in 'Ethiopian'. In 1996, 'Eritrean' was collected as a separate response. Caution should be used in comparing data for African origins, including 'Ethiopian', between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for African origins, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 105 referrer Footnote 106 In 1991, 'Eritrean' was included in 'Ethiopian'. In 1996, 'Eritrean' was collected as a separate response. Caution should be used in comparing data for African origins, including 'Ethiopian', between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for African origins, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 106 referrer Footnote 107 Caution should be used in comparing data for African origins, including 'Ghanaian' between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for African origins, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 107 referrer Footnote 108 Caution should be used in comparing data for African origins, including 'Ghanaian' between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for African origins, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 108 referrer Footnote 109 Caution should be used in comparing data for African origins, including 'Ghanaian' between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for African origins, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 109 referrer Footnote 110 Caution should be used in comparing data for Caribbean origins, including 'Barbadian', between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for Caribbean origins, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 110 referrer Footnote 111 Caution should be used in comparing data for Caribbean origins, including 'Barbadian', between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for Caribbean origins, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 111 referrer Footnote 112 Caution should be used in comparing data for Caribbean origins, including 'Barbadian', between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for Caribbean origins, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 112 referrer Footnote 113 Excludes 'Czech' and 'Slovak' which were collected as separate responses in 1996. Return to footnote 113 referrer Footnote 114 Excludes 'Czech' and 'Slovak' which were collected as separate responses in 1996. Return to footnote 114 referrer Footnote 115 Excludes 'Czech' and 'Slovak' which were collected as separate responses in 1996. Return to footnote 115 referrer Footnote 116 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere'. Includes responses such as Scandinavian, Laplander, Nordic, Viking, etc. Excludes the following groups which were collected as separate responses in 1996: Danish, Icelandic, Norwegian and Swedish. Return to footnote 116 referrer Footnote 117 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere'. Includes responses such as Scandinavian, Laplander, Nordic, Viking, etc. Excludes the following groups which were collected as separate responses in 1996: Danish, Icelandic, Norwegian and Swedish. Return to footnote 117 referrer Footnote 118 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere'. Includes responses such as Scandinavian, Laplander, Nordic, Viking, etc. Excludes the following groups which were collected as separate responses in 1996: Danish, Icelandic, Norwegian and Swedish. Return to footnote 118 referrer Footnote 119 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere'. Includes responses such as Caribbean, Belizian, Dominican, Martiniquais, Montserratian, Puerto Rican, etc. Excludes the following groups which were collected as separate responses in 1996: Antiguan, Bahamian, Barbadian, Bermudan, Cuban, Grenadian, Guyanese, Haitian, Jamaican, Kittitian/Nevisian, St. Lucian, Trinidadian/Tobagonian, Vincentian/Grenadinian and West Indian. In 1996 'Caribbean, n.i.e.' and in 1991 'Other Caribbean, n.i.e.' included British West Indian origins as well as other Caribbean origins. In 1986, this group included mainly non-British West Indian origins. Caution should be used in comparing data for Caribbean origins between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for Caribbean origins, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 119 referrer Footnote 120 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere'. Includes responses such as Caribbean, Belizian, Dominican, Martiniquais, Montserratian, Puerto Rican, etc. Excludes the following groups which were collected as separate responses in 1996: Antiguan, Bahamian, Barbadian, Bermudan, Cuban, Grenadian, Guyanese, Haitian, Jamaican, Kittitian/Nevisian, St. Lucian, Trinidadian/Tobagonian, Vincentian/Grenadinian and West Indian. In 1996 'Caribbean, n.i.e.' and in 1991 'Other Caribbean, n.i.e.' included British West Indian origins as well as other Caribbean origins. In 1986, this group included mainly non-British West Indian origins. Caution should be used in comparing data for Caribbean origins between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for Caribbean origins, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 120 referrer Footnote 121 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere'. Includes responses such as Caribbean, Belizian, Dominican, Martiniquais, Montserratian, Puerto Rican, etc. Excludes the following groups which were collected as separate responses in 1996: Antiguan, Bahamian, Barbadian, Bermudan, Cuban, Grenadian, Guyanese, Haitian, Jamaican, Kittitian/Nevisian, St. Lucian, Trinidadian/Tobagonian, Vincentian/Grenadinian and West Indian. In 1996 'Caribbean, n.i.e.' and in 1991 'Other Caribbean, n.i.e.' included British West Indian origins as well as other Caribbean origins. In 1986, this group included mainly non-British West Indian origins. Caution should be used in comparing data for Caribbean origins between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for Caribbean origins, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 121 referrer Footnote 122 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere'. Includes responses such as European, Caucasian, Eastern European, etc. Excludes the following groups which were collected as separate responses in 1996: Austrian, Belgian, Dutch (Netherlands), Flemish, Frisian, German, Luxembourger, Swiss, Finnish, Danish, Icelandic, Norwegian, Swedish, Scandinavian n.i.e., Estonian, Latvian, Lithuanian, Byelorussian, Czech, Czechoslovakian, Slovak, Hungarian (Magyar), Polish, Romanian, Russian, Ukrainian, Albanian, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Macedonian, Serbian, Slovenian, Yugoslav n.i.e., Cypriot, Greek, Italian, Maltese, Portuguese, Spanish, Basque, Gypsy (Roma), Jewish and Slav. Return to footnote 122 referrer Footnote 123 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere'. Includes responses such as European, Caucasian, Eastern European, etc. Excludes the following groups which were collected as separate responses in 1996: Austrian, Belgian, Dutch (Netherlands), Flemish, Frisian, German, Luxembourger, Swiss, Finnish, Danish, Icelandic, Norwegian, Swedish, Scandinavian n.i.e., Estonian, Latvian, Lithuanian, Byelorussian, Czech, Czechoslovakian, Slovak, Hungarian (Magyar), Polish, Romanian, Russian, Ukrainian, Albanian, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Macedonian, Serbian, Slovenian, Yugoslav n.i.e., Cypriot, Greek, Italian, Maltese, Portuguese, Spanish, Basque, Gypsy (Roma), Jewish and Slav. Return to footnote 123 referrer Footnote 124 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere'. Includes responses such as European, Caucasian, Eastern European, etc. Excludes the following groups which were collected as separate responses in 1996: Austrian, Belgian, Dutch (Netherlands), Flemish, Frisian, German, Luxembourger, Swiss, Finnish, Danish, Icelandic, Norwegian, Swedish, Scandinavian n.i.e., Estonian, Latvian, Lithuanian, Byelorussian, Czech, Czechoslovakian, Slovak, Hungarian (Magyar), Polish, Romanian, Russian, Ukrainian, Albanian, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Macedonian, Serbian, Slovenian, Yugoslav n.i.e., Cypriot, Greek, Italian, Maltese, Portuguese, Spanish, Basque, Gypsy (Roma), Jewish and Slav. Return to footnote 124 referrer Footnote 125 In 1991, 'Taiwanese' was included in 'Chinese'. In 1996, 'Taiwanese' was collected as a separate response. Return to footnote 125 referrer Footnote 126 In 1991, 'Taiwanese' was included in 'Chinese'. In 1996, 'Taiwanese' was collected as a separate response. Return to footnote 126 referrer Footnote 127 In 1991, 'Taiwanese' was included in 'Chinese'. In 1996, 'Taiwanese' was collected as a separate response. Return to footnote 127 referrer Footnote 128 In 1991, 'Eritrean' was included in 'Ethiopian'. In 1996, 'Eritrean' was collected as a separate response. Caution should be used in comparing data for African origins between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for African origins, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 128 referrer Footnote 129 In 1991, 'Eritrean' was included in 'Ethiopian'. In 1996, 'Eritrean' was collected as a separate response. Caution should be used in comparing data for African origins between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for African origins, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 129 referrer Footnote 130 In 1991, 'Eritrean' was included in 'Ethiopian'. In 1996, 'Eritrean' was collected as a separate response. Caution should be used in comparing data for African origins between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for African origins, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 130 referrer Footnote 131 Caution should be used in comparing data for African origins, including 'Nigerian' between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for African origins, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 131 referrer Footnote 132 Caution should be used in comparing data for African origins, including 'Nigerian' between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for African origins, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 132 referrer Footnote 133 Caution should be used in comparing data for African origins, including 'Nigerian' between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for African origins, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 133 referrer Footnote 134 Includes respondents who belong to a visible minority group. Visible Minority Population Supplementary Definition: Refers to the visible minority group to which the respondent belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour'. The visible minority population includes the following groups: Chinese, South Asian, Black, Arab/West Asian, Filipino, Southeast Asian, Latin American, Japanese, Korean and Pacific Islander. The 1996 Census was the first census to ask a direct question on visible minorities. Information on the visible minority population is obtained from the population group question (Question 19). For more information on the visible minority population, please refer to electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 134 referrer Footnote 135 Includes respondents who reported a single write-in response indicating a Pacific Islander group (for example, 'Fijian' or 'Polynesian') or another single write-in response likely to be a visible minority group (for example, 'Guyanese', 'Mauritian', 'South American' or 'West Indian'). For more information, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 135 referrer Footnote 136 Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, for example, 'Black and South Asian'. For more information, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 136 referrer Footnote 137 Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to Question 18 (Aboriginal Identity, known in the 1996 Census Dictionary as Aboriginal Self-Reporting) as well as repondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group. For more information, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 137 referrer Footnote 138 Age Refers to the age at last birthday (as of the census reference date, May 14, 1996). This variable is derived from date of birth. Sex Refers to the gender of the respondent. Labour Market Activities: Labour Force Activity Refers to the labour market activity of the population 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day. Respondents were classified as either employed, unemployed or not in the labour force. Employed Refers to persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who, during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day: (a) did any work at all for pay or in self-employment; or (b) were absent from their job or business for the entire week because of vacation, illness, a labour dispute at their place of work or other reasons. Unemployed Refers to persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who, during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day, were without paid work and were available for work and either: (a) had actively looked for work in the past four weeks; or (b) were on temporary lay-off and expected to return to their job; or (c) had definite arrangements to start a new job in four weeks or less. Not in Labour Force Refers to those persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who, in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day, were neither employed nor unemployed. It includes persons who did not work for pay or in self-employment in the week prior to enumeration and (a) did not look for paid work in the four weeks prior to enumeration, (b) were not on temporary lay-off and (c) did not have a new job to start in four weeks or less. It also includes persons who looked for work during the last four weeks but were not available to start work in the week prior to enumeration. Total Labour Force (in Reference Week) Refers to all persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who were either employed or unemployed during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day. Participation Rate Refers to the total labour force in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day, expressed as a percentage of the population 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents. The participation rate for a particular group (age, sex, marital status, geographic area, etc.) is the total labour force in that group, expressed as a percentage of the population in that group. Employment-population Ratio Refers to the number of persons employed in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day, expressed as a percentage of the total population 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents. The employment-population ratio for a particular group (age, sex, marital status, geographic area, etc.) is the number employed in that group, expressed as a percentage of the population 15 years of age and over in that group. Unemployment Rate Refers to the unemployed labour force expressed as a percentage of the total labour force in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day. Data are available for persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents. The unemployment rate for a particular group (age, sex, marital status, geographic area, etc.) is the unemployed labour force in that group, expressed as a percentage of the total labour force in that group, in the week prior to enumeration. Note: The components of Population and Labour Force Activity are illustrated in Figure 9 of the 1996 Census Dictionary, Catalogue no. 92-351-XPE. For information on the comparability of Labour Force Activity with those of previous censuses and with the Labour Force Survey, see Appendix E of the 1996 Census Dictionary, Catalogue no. 92-351-XPE. Return to footnote 138 referrer Footnote 139 Age Refers to the age at last birthday (as of the census reference date, May 14, 1996). This variable is derived from date of birth. Sex Refers to the gender of the respondent. Labour Market Activities: Labour Force Activity Refers to the labour market activity of the population 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day. Respondents were classified as either employed, unemployed or not in the labour force. Employed Refers to persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who, during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day: (a) did any work at all for pay or in self-employment; or (b) were absent from their job or business for the entire week because of vacation, illness, a labour dispute at their place of work or other reasons. Unemployed Refers to persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who, during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day, were without paid work and were available for work and either: (a) had actively looked for work in the past four weeks; or (b) were on temporary lay-off and expected to return to their job; or (c) had definite arrangements to start a new job in four weeks or less. Not in Labour Force Refers to those persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who, in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day, were neither employed nor unemployed. It includes persons who did not work for pay or in self-employment in the week prior to enumeration and (a) did not look for paid work in the four weeks prior to enumeration, (b) were not on temporary lay-off and (c) did not have a new job to start in four weeks or less. It also includes persons who looked for work during the last four weeks but were not available to start work in the week prior to enumeration. Total Labour Force (in Reference Week) Refers to all persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who were either employed or unemployed during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day. Participation Rate Refers to the total labour force in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day, expressed as a percentage of the population 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents. The participation rate for a particular group (age, sex, marital status, geographic area, etc.) is the total labour force in that group, expressed as a percentage of the population in that group. Employment-population Ratio Refers to the number of persons employed in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day, expressed as a percentage of the total population 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents. The employment-population ratio for a particular group (age, sex, marital status, geographic area, etc.) is the number employed in that group, expressed as a percentage of the population 15 years of age and over in that group. Unemployment Rate Refers to the unemployed labour force expressed as a percentage of the total labour force in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day. Data are available for persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents. The unemployment rate for a particular group (age, sex, marital status, geographic area, etc.) is the unemployed labour force in that group, expressed as a percentage of the total labour force in that group, in the week prior to enumeration. Note: The components of Population and Labour Force Activity are illustrated in Figure 9 of the 1996 Census Dictionary, Catalogue no. 92-351-XPE. For information on the comparability of Labour Force Activity with those of previous censuses and with the Labour Force Survey, see Appendix E of the 1996 Census Dictionary, Catalogue no. 92-351-XPE. Return to footnote 139 referrer Footnote 140 Age Refers to the age at last birthday (as of the census reference date, May 14, 1996). This variable is derived from date of birth. Sex Refers to the gender of the respondent. Labour Market Activities: Labour Force Activity Refers to the labour market activity of the population 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day. Respondents were classified as either employed, unemployed or not in the labour force. Employed Refers to persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who, during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day: (a) did any work at all for pay or in self-employment; or (b) were absent from their job or business for the entire week because of vacation, illness, a labour dispute at their place of work or other reasons. Unemployed Refers to persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who, during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day, were without paid work and were available for work and either: (a) had actively looked for work in the past four weeks; or (b) were on temporary lay-off and expected to return to their job; or (c) had definite arrangements to start a new job in four weeks or less. Not in Labour Force Refers to those persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who, in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day, were neither employed nor unemployed. It includes persons who did not work for pay or in self-employment in the week prior to enumeration and (a) did not look for paid work in the four weeks prior to enumeration, (b) were not on temporary lay-off and (c) did not have a new job to start in four weeks or less. It also includes persons who looked for work during the last four weeks but were not available to start work in the week prior to enumeration. Total Labour Force (in Reference Week) Refers to all persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who were either employed or unemployed during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day. Participation Rate Refers to the total labour force in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day, expressed as a percentage of the population 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents. The participation rate for a particular group (age, sex, marital status, geographic area, etc.) is the total labour force in that group, expressed as a percentage of the population in that group. Employment-population Ratio Refers to the number of persons employed in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day, expressed as a percentage of the total population 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents. The employment-population ratio for a particular group (age, sex, marital status, geographic area, etc.) is the number employed in that group, expressed as a percentage of the population 15 years of age and over in that group. Unemployment Rate Refers to the unemployed labour force expressed as a percentage of the total labour force in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day. Data are available for persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents. The unemployment rate for a particular group (age, sex, marital status, geographic area, etc.) is the unemployed labour force in that group, expressed as a percentage of the total labour force in that group, in the week prior to enumeration. Note: The components of Population and Labour Force Activity are illustrated in Figure 9 of the 1996 Census Dictionary, Catalogue no. 92-351-XPE. For information on the comparability of Labour Force Activity with those of previous censuses and with the Labour Force Survey, see Appendix E of the 1996 Census Dictionary, Catalogue no. 92-351-XPE. Return to footnote 140 referrer Footnote 141 Household, Private: Refers to a person or a group of persons (other than foreign residents) who occupy a private dwelling and do not have a usual place of residence elsewhere in Canada. Labour Market Activities: Presence of Children This variable classifies the population 15 years of age and over in private households into those with no children at home and those with children at home. Those persons with children at home are further classified on the basis of the age groups of all of their children. This variable is based on census family concept. It is derived specifically for the purposes of analysis and dissemination of census labour force activity data. The term 'children' is also referred to as 'never-married sons and/or daughters' in the census. It includes all blood, step- or adopted sons and daughters who have never married, regardless of age, in census families (in private households), who are living in the same dwelling as their parent(s). Sons and daughters who are currently or were previously married, or who are living common-law, are not considered to be members of their parent(s)' census family, even if they are living in the same dwelling. Labour Market Activities: Labour Force Activity Refers to the labour market activity of the population 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day. Respondents were classified as either employed, unemployed or not in the labour force. Employed Refers to persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who, during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day: (a) did any work at all for pay or in self-employment; or (b) were absent from their job or business for the entire week because of vacation, illness, a labour dispute at their place of work or other reasons. Unemployed Refers to persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who, during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day, were without paid work and were available for work and either: (a) had actively looked for work in the past four weeks; or (b) were on temporary lay-off and expected to return to their job; or (c) had definite arrangements to start a new job in four weeks or less. Not in Labour Force Refers to those persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who, in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day, were neither employed nor unemployed. It includes persons who did not work for pay or in self-employment in the week prior to enumeration and (a) did not look for paid work in the four weeks prior to enumeration, (b) were not on temporary lay-off and (c) did not have a new job to start in four weeks or less. It also includes persons who looked for work during the last four weeks but were not available to start work in the week prior to enumeration. Total Labour Force (in Reference Week) Refers to all persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who were either employed or unemployed during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day. Participation Rate Refers to the total labour force in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day, expressed as a percentage of the population 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents. The participation rate for a particular group (age, sex, marital status, geographic area, etc.) is the total labour force in that group, expressed as a percentage of the population in that group. Employment-population Ratio Refers to the number of persons employed in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day, expressed as a percentage of the total population 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents. The employment-population ratio for a particular group (age, sex, marital status, geographic area, etc.) is the number employed in that group, expressed as a percentage of the population 15 years of age and over in that group. Unemployment Rate Refers to the unemployed labour force expressed as a percentage of the total labour force in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day. Data are available for persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents. The unemployment rate for a particular group (age, sex, marital status, geographic area, etc.) is the unemployed labour force in that group, expressed as a percentage of the total labour force in that group, in the week prior to enumeration. Note: The components of Population and Labour Force Activity are illustrated in Figure 9 of the 1996 Census Dictionary, Catalogue no. 92-351-XPE. For information on the comparability of Labour Force Activity with those of previous censuses and with the Labour Force Survey, see Appendix E of the 1996 Census Dictionary, Catalogue no. 92-351-XPE. Return to footnote 141 referrer Footnote 142 Sex Refers to the gender of the respondent. Household, Private: Refers to a person or a group of persons (other than foreign residents) who occupy a private dwelling and do not have a usual place of residence elsewhere in Canada. Labour Market Activities: Presence of Children This variable classifies the population 15 years of age and over in private households into those with no children at home and those with children at home. Those persons with children at home are further classified on the basis of the age groups of all of their children. This variable is based on census family concept. It is derived specifically for the purposes of analysis and dissemination of census labour force activity data. The term 'children' is also referred to as 'never-married sons and/or daughters' in the census. It includes all blood, step- or adopted sons and daughters who have never married, regardless of age, in census families (in private households), who are living in the same dwelling as their parent(s). Sons and daughters who are currently or were previously married, or who are living common-law, are not considered to be members of their parent(s)' census family, even if they are living in the same dwelling. Labour Market Activities: Labour Force Activity Refers to the labour market activity of the population 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day. Respondents were classified as either employed, unemployed or not in the labour force. Employed Refers to persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who, during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day: (a) did any work at all for pay or in self-employment; or (b) were absent from their job or business for the entire week because of vacation, illness, a labour dispute at their place of work or other reasons. Unemployed Refers to persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who, during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day, were without paid work and were available for work and either: (a) had actively looked for work in the past four weeks; or (b) were on temporary lay-off and expected to return to their job; or (c) had definite arrangements to start a new job in four weeks or less. Not in Labour Force Refers to those persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who, in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day, were neither employed nor unemployed. It includes persons who did not work for pay or in self-employment in the week prior to enumeration and (a) did not look for paid work in the four weeks prior to enumeration, (b) were not on temporary lay-off and (c) did not have a new job to start in four weeks or less. It also includes persons who looked for work during the last four weeks but were not available to start work in the week prior to enumeration. Total Labour Force (in Reference Week) Refers to all persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who were either employed or unemployed during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day. Participation Rate Refers to the total labour force in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day, expressed as a percentage of the population 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents. The participation rate for a particular group (age, sex, marital status, geographic area, etc.) is the total labour force in that group, expressed as a percentage of the population in that group. Employment-population Ratio Refers to the number of persons employed in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day, expressed as a percentage of the total population 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents. The employment-population ratio for a particular group (age, sex, marital status, geographic area, etc.) is the number employed in that group, expressed as a percentage of the population 15 years of age and over in that group. Unemployment Rate Refers to the unemployed labour force expressed as a percentage of the total labour force in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day. Data are available for persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents. The unemployment rate for a particular group (age, sex, marital status, geographic area, etc.) is the unemployed labour force in that group, expressed as a percentage of the total labour force in that group, in the week prior to enumeration. Note: The components of Population and Labour Force Activity are illustrated in Figure 9 of the 1996 Census Dictionary, Catalogue no. 92-351-XPE. For information on the comparability of Labour Force Activity with those of previous censuses and with the Labour Force Survey, see Appendix E of the 1996 Census Dictionary, Catalogue no. 92-351-XPE. Return to footnote 142 referrer Footnote 143 Sex Refers to the gender of the respondent. Household, Private: Refers to a person or a group of persons (other than foreign residents) who occupy a private dwelling and do not have a usual place of residence elsewhere in Canada. Labour Market Activities: Presence of Children This variable classifies the population 15 years of age and over in private households into those with no children at home and those with children at home. Those persons with children at home are further classified on the basis of the age groups of all of their children. This variable is based on census family concept. It is derived specifically for the purposes of analysis and dissemination of census labour force activity data. The term 'children' is also referred to as 'never-married sons and/or daughters' in the census. It includes all blood, step- or adopted sons and daughters who have never married, regardless of age, in census families (in private households), who are living in the same dwelling as their parent(s). Sons and daughters who are currently or were previously married, or who are living common-law, are not considered to be members of their parent(s)' census family, even if they are living in the same dwelling. Labour Market Activities: Labour Force Activity Refers to the labour market activity of the population 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day. Respondents were classified as either employed, unemployed or not in the labour force. Employed Refers to persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who, during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day: (a) did any work at all for pay or in self-employment; or (b) were absent from their job or business for the entire week because of vacation, illness, a labour dispute at their place of work or other reasons. Unemployed Refers to persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who, during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day, were without paid work and were available for work and either: (a) had actively looked for work in the past four weeks; or (b) were on temporary lay-off and expected to return to their job; or (c) had definite arrangements to start a new job in four weeks or less. Not in Labour Force Refers to those persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who, in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day, were neither employed nor unemployed. It includes persons who did not work for pay or in self-employment in the week prior to enumeration and (a) did not look for paid work in the four weeks prior to enumeration, (b) were not on temporary lay-off and (c) did not have a new job to start in four weeks or less. It also includes persons who looked for work during the last four weeks but were not available to start work in the week prior to enumeration. Total Labour Force (in Reference Week) Refers to all persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who were either employed or unemployed during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day. Participation Rate Refers to the total labour force in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day, expressed as a percentage of the population 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents. The participation rate for a particular group (age, sex, marital status, geographic area, etc.) is the total labour force in that group, expressed as a percentage of the population in that group. Employment-population Ratio Refers to the number of persons employed in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day, expressed as a percentage of the total population 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents. The employment-population ratio for a particular group (age, sex, marital status, geographic area, etc.) is the number employed in that group, expressed as a percentage of the population 15 years of age and over in that group. Unemployment Rate Refers to the unemployed labour force expressed as a percentage of the total labour force in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day. Data are available for persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents. The unemployment rate for a particular group (age, sex, marital status, geographic area, etc.) is the unemployed labour force in that group, expressed as a percentage of the total labour force in that group, in the week prior to enumeration. Note: The components of Population and Labour Force Activity are illustrated in Figure 9 of the 1996 Census Dictionary, Catalogue no. 92-351-XPE. For information on the comparability of Labour Force Activity with those of previous censuses and with the Labour Force Survey, see Appendix E of the 1996 Census Dictionary, Catalogue no. 92-351-XPE. Return to footnote 143 referrer Footnote 144 Labour Market Activities: Industry (Based on 1980 Standard Industrial Classification) Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked, as indicated by the name of the employer and the kind of business, industry or service. Data are available for persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents. If the person did not have a job during the week prior to enumeration, data relate to the job of longest duration since January 1, 1995. Persons with two or more jobs were to report the information for the job at which they worked the most hours. The 1996 industry data are produced according to the 1980 Standard Industrial Classification. This classification consists of a systematic and comprehensive arrangement of industries structured into 18 divisions, 75 major groups and 296 groups. These industrial groups are based on the general nature of the establishment's business, industry or service. For further information on the classification, see the Standard Industrial Classification, 1980, Catalogue No. 12-501E. Labour Market Activities: Total Labour Force (in Reference Week) Refers to all persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who were either employed or unemployed during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day. Return to footnote 144 referrer Footnote 145 Unemployed persons 15 years of age and over who have never worked for pay or profit or who had worked only prior to January 1st of the previous year. Return to footnote 145 referrer Footnote 146 This category is also referred to as the 'Experienced Labour Force'. Labour Market Activities: Experienced Labour Force Refers to persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who were employed or unemployed during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day, and who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 1995 or in 1996. The experienced labour force can be derived by excluding from the total labour force those unemployed persons 15 years of age and over who have never worked or who had last worked prior to January 1, 1995 only. Return to footnote 146 referrer Footnote 147 View the 'Industry Data Quality Notes' by choosing 'Summary' from the 'File' menu. Return to footnote 147 referrer Footnote 148 View the 'Industry Data Quality Notes' by choosing 'Summary' from the 'File' menu. Return to footnote 148 referrer Footnote 149 View the 'Industry Data Quality Notes' by choosing 'Summary' from the 'File' menu. Return to footnote 149 referrer Footnote 150 Labour Market Activities: Occupation (Based on 1991 Standard Occupational Classification) Refers to the kind of work persons were doing during the reference week, as determined by their kind of work and the description of the most important duties in their job. Data are available for persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents. If the person did not have a job during the week prior to enumeration, the data relate to the job of longest duration since January 1, 1995. Persons with two or more jobs were to report the information for the job at which they worked the most hours. Labour Market Activities: Total Labour Force (in Reference Week) Refers to all persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who were either employed or unemployed during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day. Return to footnote 150 referrer Footnote 151 Unemployed persons 15 years of age and over who have never worked for pay or profit or who had worked only prior to January 1st of the previous year. Return to footnote 151 referrer Footnote 152 This category is also referred to as the 'Experienced Labour Force'. Labour Market Activities: Experienced Labour Force Refers to persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who were employed or unemployed during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day, and who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 1995 or in 1996. The experienced labour force can be derived by excluding from the total labour force those unemployed persons 15 years of age and over who have never worked or who had last worked prior to January 1, 1995 only. Return to footnote 152 referrer Footnote 153 Labour Market Activities: Occupation (Based on 1991 Standard Occupational Classification) Refers to the kind of work persons were doing during the reference week, as determined by their kind of work and the description of the most important duties in their job. Data are available for persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents. If the person did not have a job during the week prior to enumeration, the data relate to the job of longest duration since January 1, 1995. Persons with two or more jobs were to report the information for the job at which they worked the most hours. Return to footnote 153 referrer Footnote 154 Unemployed persons 15 years of age and over who have never worked for pay or profit or who had worked only prior to January 1st of the previous year. Return to footnote 154 referrer Footnote 155 This category is also referred to as the 'Experienced Labour Force'. Labour Market Activities: Experienced Labour Force Refers to persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who were employed or unemployed during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day, and who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 1995 or in 1996. The experienced labour force can be derived by excluding from the total labour force those unemployed persons 15 years of age and over who have never worked or who had last worked prior to January 1, 1995 only. Return to footnote 155 referrer Footnote 156 Labour Market Activities: Occupation (Based on 1991 Standard Occupational Classification) Refers to the kind of work persons were doing during the reference week, as determined by their kind of work and the description of the most important duties in their job. Data are available for persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents. If the person did not have a job during the week prior to enumeration, the data relate to the job of longest duration since January 1, 1995. Persons with two or more jobs were to report the information for the job at which they worked the most hours. Return to footnote 156 referrer Footnote 157 Unemployed persons 15 years of age and over who have never worked for pay or profit or who had worked only prior to January 1st of the previous year. Return to footnote 157 referrer Footnote 158 This category is also referred to as the 'Experienced Labour Force'. Labour Market Activities: Experienced Labour Force Refers to persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who were employed or unemployed during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day, and who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 1995 or in 1996. The experienced labour force can be derived by excluding from the total labour force those unemployed persons 15 years of age and over who have never worked or who had last worked prior to January 1, 1995 only. Return to footnote 158 referrer Footnote 159 Labour Market Activities: Class of Worker This variable classifies persons who reported a job into those who (a) worked mainly for wages, salaries, commissions or payments 'in kind' (payments in goods or services rather than money), (b) worked without pay in a family farm, business or professional practice owned or operated by a related household member, (c) worked mainly for themselves, with or without paid help. The job reported was the one held in the week prior to enumeration if the person was employed, or the job of longest duration since January 1, 1995, if the person was not employed during the reference week. Persons with two or more jobs in the reference week were to provide information for the job at which they worked the most hours. Incorporation status refers to the legal status of a business or farm. An incorporated business is a business or farm which has been formed into a legal corporation, having a legal entity under either federal or provincial laws. Labour Market Activities: Total Labour Force (in Reference Week) Refers to all persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who were either employed or unemployed during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day. Return to footnote 159 referrer Footnote 160 Unemployed persons 15 years of age and over who have never worked for pay or profit or who had worked only prior to January 1st of the previous year. Return to footnote 160 referrer Footnote 161 This category is also referred to as the 'Experienced Labour Force'. Labour Market Activities: Experienced Labour Force Refers to persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who were employed or unemployed during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day, and who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 1995 or in 1996. The experienced labour force can be derived by excluding from the total labour force those unemployed persons 15 years of age and over who have never worked or who had last worked prior to January 1, 1995 only. Return to footnote 161 referrer Footnote 162 Labour Market Activities: Class of Worker This variable classifies persons who reported a job into those who (a) worked mainly for wages, salaries, commissions or payments 'in kind' (payments in goods or services rather than money), (b) worked without pay in a family farm, business or professional practice owned or operated by a related household member, (c) worked mainly for themselves, with or without paid help. The job reported was the one held in the week prior to enumeration if the person was employed, or the job of longest duration since January 1, 1995, if the person was not employed during the reference week. Persons with two or more jobs in the reference week were to provide information for the job at which they worked the most hours. Incorporation status refers to the legal status of a business or farm. An incorporated business is a business or farm which has been formed into a legal corporation, having a legal entity under either federal or provincial laws. Return to footnote 162 referrer Footnote 163 Unemployed persons 15 years of age and over who have never worked for pay or profit or who had worked only prior to January 1st of the previous year. Return to footnote 163 referrer Footnote 164 This category is also referred to as the 'Experienced Labour Force'. Labour Market Activities: Experienced Labour Force Refers to persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who were employed or unemployed during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day, and who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 1995 or in 1996. The experienced labour force can be derived by excluding from the total labour force those unemployed persons 15 years of age and over who have never worked or who had last worked prior to January 1, 1995 only. Return to footnote 164 referrer Footnote 165 Labour Market Activities: Class of Worker This variable classifies persons who reported a job into those who (a) worked mainly for wages, salaries, commissions or payments 'in kind' (payments in goods or services rather than money), (b) worked without pay in a family farm, business or professional practice owned or operated by a related household member, (c) worked mainly for themselves, with or without paid help. The job reported was the one held in the week prior to enumeration if the person was employed, or the job of longest duration since January 1, 1995, if the person was not employed during the reference week. Persons with two or more jobs in the reference week were to provide information for the job at which they worked the most hours. Incorporation status refers to the legal status of a business or farm. An incorporated business is a business or farm which has been formed into a legal corporation, having a legal entity under either federal or provincial laws. Return to footnote 165 referrer Footnote 166 Unemployed persons 15 years of age and over who have never worked for pay or profit or who had worked only prior to January 1st of the previous year. Return to footnote 166 referrer Footnote 167 This category is also referred to as the 'Experienced Labour Force'. Labour Market Activities: Experienced Labour Force Refers to persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who were employed or unemployed during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day, and who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 1995 or in 1996. The experienced labour force can be derived by excluding from the total labour force those unemployed persons 15 years of age and over who have never worked or who had last worked prior to January 1, 1995 only. Return to footnote 167 referrer Footnote 168 Household Activities: Hours Spent Doing Unpaid Housework Refers to the number of hours persons spent doing unpaid housework, yard work or home maintenance in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day. It includes hours spent doing housework for one's own household or the household of others. Data are available for persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents. Return to footnote 168 referrer Footnote 169 Household Activities: Hours Spent Doing Unpaid Housework Refers to the number of hours persons spent doing unpaid housework, yard work or home maintenance in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day. It includes hours spent doing housework for one's own household or the household of others. Data are available for persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents. Return to footnote 169 referrer Footnote 170 Household Activities: Hours Spent Doing Unpaid Housework Refers to the number of hours persons spent doing unpaid housework, yard work or home maintenance in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day. It includes hours spent doing housework for one's own household or the household of others. Data are available for persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents. Return to footnote 170 referrer Footnote 171 Household Activities: Hours Spent Looking After Children, Without Pay Refers to the number of hours persons spent taking care of their own or someone else's children without pay in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day. Data are available for persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents. Return to footnote 171 referrer Footnote 172 Household Activities: Hours Spent Looking After Children, Without Pay Refers to the number of hours persons spent taking care of their own or someone else's children without pay in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day. Data are available for persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents. Return to footnote 172 referrer Footnote 173 Household Activities: Hours Spent Looking After Children, Without Pay Refers to the number of hours persons spent taking care of their own or someone else's children without pay in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day. Data are available for persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents. Return to footnote 173 referrer Footnote 174 Household Activities: Hours Spent Providing Unpaid Care or Assistance to Seniors Refers to the number of hours persons spent providing unpaid care or assistance to seniors in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day. Data are available for persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents. Return to footnote 174 referrer Footnote 175 Household Activities: Hours Spent Providing Unpaid Care or Assistance to Seniors Refers to the number of hours persons spent providing unpaid care or assistance to seniors in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day. Data are available for persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents. Return to footnote 175 referrer Footnote 176 Household Activities: Hours Spent Providing Unpaid Care or Assistance to Seniors Refers to the number of hours persons spent providing unpaid care or assistance to seniors in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day. Data are available for persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents. Return to footnote 176 referrer Footnote 177 Labour Market Activities: Employed Refers to persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who, during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day: (a) did any work at all for pay or in self-employment; or (b) were absent from their job or business for the entire week because of vacation, illness, a labour dispute at their place of work or other reasons. Journey to Work: Place of Work Status Refers to the place of work of non-institutional residents 15 years of age and over who have worked since January 1, 1995. The variable usually relates to the individual's job held in the week prior to enumeration. However, if the person had not worked during that week but had worked at some time since January 1, 1995, the information relates to the job held longest during that period. Supplementary Definition: Worked at home - Persons whose job is located in the same building as their place of residence, persons who live and work on the same farm, and teleworkers who spend most of their work week working at home. Worked outside Canada - Persons who work as diplomats, Armed Forces personnel and other persons enumerated abroad. Includes also recent immigrants who may not currently be employed but whose job of longest duration since January 1, 1995 was held outside Canada. No fixed workplace address - Persons who do not go from home to the same workplace location at the beginning of each shift. Such persons include building and landscape contractors, travelling salespersons, independent truck drivers, etc. Worked at the address specified below - Persons who are not included in the categories described above and who report to the same (usual) workplace location at the beginning of each shift are included here. Respondents were asked to provide the street address, city, town, village, township, municipality or Indian reserve, province/territory and postal code of their workplace. If the full street address was not known, the name of the building or nearest street intersection could be substituted. Teleworkers who spend less than one-half of their work week working at their home office were asked to report the full address of their employer. Persons whose actual workplace location varied but who reported regularly to an employer's headquarters at the beginning of each shift were asked to report the full address of the headquarters. For more information on the comparability of place of work status with previous censuses, please refer to the appendix on Historical Comparability of Journey to Work Data in the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Note on Comparability of 1996 Place of Work Data: Working at home can be measured in different ways. In the Census, the 'worked at home' category includes persons who live and work at the same physical location, such as farmers, teleworkers and work camp workers. In addition, the 1996 Census Guide instructed persons who worked part of the time at home and part of the time at an employer's address to indicate that they worked at home if most of their time was spent working at home (e.g. 3 days out of 5). The 1995 Survey of Work Arrangements asked respondents whether they did some or all of their paid work at home. The difference between the 1996 Census and the 1995 Survey of Work Arrangements work at home data is the result of differences in the way these workers are measured. The place of work question has been asked in virtually the same format in each census since 1971. However, the term 'no fixed workplace address' replaced 'no usual place of work' in 1996. For 1996, the Census questionnaire was modified by adding a check box for the 'no fixed workplace address' response category. In previous censuses, respondents were asked to write 'no usual place of work' in the address fields. It is believed that previous censuses have undercounted the number of persons with 'no fixed workplace address'. Annexations, incorporations and amalgamations of municipalities could create some difficulties when comparing spatial units and structures which change over time. Return to footnote 177 referrer Footnote 178 Labour Market Activities: Employed Refers to persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who, during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day: (a) did any work at all for pay or in self-employment; or (b) were absent from their job or business for the entire week because of vacation, illness, a labour dispute at their place of work or other reasons. Journey to Work: Mode of Transportation Refers to the mode of transportation to work of non-institutional residents 15 years of age and over who have worked since January 1, 1995. Persons who indicated in the place of work question that they either had no fixed workplace address, or specified a usual place of work address, were asked to identify the mode of transportation they most frequently used to commute between home and work. The variable usually relates to the individual's job in the week prior to enumeration. However, if the person had not worked during that week but had worked at some time since January 1, 1995, the information relates to the job held longest during that period. Supplementary Definition: Persons who use more than one mode of transportation were asked to identify the single mode they used for most of the travel distance. As a result, the question provides data on the primary mode of transportation to work. It does not measure multiple modes of transportation, nor does it measure seasonal variation in mode of transportation or trips made for purposes other than the commute between home and work. Note on Comparability of 1996 Place of Work Data: The place of work question has been asked in virtually the same format in each census since 1971. However, the term 'no fixed workplace' replaced 'no usual place of work' in 1996. For 1996, the Census questionnaire was modified by adding a check box for the 'no fixed workplace' response category. In previous censuses, respondents were asked to write 'no usual place of work' in the address fields. It is believed that previous censuses have undercounted the number of persons with 'no fixed workplace'. Annexations, incorporations and amalgamations of municipalities could create some difficulties when comparing spatial units and structures which change over time. Return to footnote 178 referrer Footnote 179 Schooling: School Attendance Refers to either full-time or part-time (day or evening) attendance at school, college or university during the eight-month period between September 1995 and May 14, 1996. Attendance is counted only for courses which could be used as credits towards a certificate, diploma or degree. Return to footnote 179 referrer Footnote 180 Schooling: Highest Level of Refers to the highest grade or year of elementary or secondary school attended, or the highest year of university or other non-university completed. University education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than other non-university. Also, the attainment of a degree, certificate or diploma is considered to be at a higher level than years completed or attended without an educational qualification. Note on Data Quality for Highest Level of Schooling: The overall quality of the education variables from the 1996 Census is acceptable. However, a specific data problem has been identified. There is an inconsistency in the 'Highest Grade of Elementary-secondary' variable in the province of Quebec. The proportion of persons with the value of 'No schooling or kindergarten only' has increased from 0.8% (44,440) in 1991 to 1.2% (72,070) in 1996. The problem appears to be the wording of Question 24 on the French 2B Census questionnaire. The 'Highest Level of Schooling' and 'Total Years of Schooling' variables are also affected as they are derived from a number of education questions including 'Highest Grade of Elementary-secondary'. Return to footnote 180 referrer Footnote 181 Includes 'Never attended school or attended kindergarten only'. Return to footnote 181 referrer Footnote 182 Refers to courses completed at postsecondary institutions which normally require a secondary school graduation certificate or equivalent for entrance, as well as to other courses in related or like institutions which may not require a secondary school graduation certificate for entrance. Return to footnote 182 referrer Footnote 183 Includes trades certificate or diploma, other non-university certificate or diploma and university certificate or diploma below bachelor level. Return to footnote 183 referrer Footnote 184 Includes trades certificate or diploma, other non-university certificate or diploma and university certificate or diploma below bachelor level. Return to footnote 184 referrer Footnote 185 Schooling: Major Field of Study (MFS) Refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest postsecondary degree, certificate or diploma. The major field of study classification structure consists of 10 broad or major categories: educational, recreational and counselling services; fine and applied arts; humanities and related fields; social sciences and related fields; commerce, management and business administration; agricultural and biological sciences/technologies; engineering and applied sciences; engineering and applied science technologies and trades; health professions, sciences and technologies; and mathematics and physical sciences. This structure is, in turn, subdivided into over 100 'minor' classification categories and about 425 'unit' groups. Return to footnote 185 referrer Footnote 186 Schooling: Major Field of Study (MFS) Refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest postsecondary degree, certificate or diploma. The major field of study classification structure consists of 10 broad or major categories: educational, recreational and counselling services; fine and applied arts; humanities and related fields; social sciences and related fields; commerce, management and business administration; agricultural and biological sciences/technologies; engineering and applied sciences; engineering and applied science technologies and trades; health professions, sciences and technologies; and mathematics and physical sciences. This structure is, in turn, subdivided into over 100 'minor' classification categories and about 425 'unit' groups. Return to footnote 186 referrer Footnote 187 Mobility 1: Mobility Status - Place of Residence 1 Year Ago Refers to the relationship between a person's usual place of residence on Census Day and his or her usual place of residence one year earlier. A person is classified as a non-mover if no difference exists. Otherwise, a person is classed as a mover and this categorization is called Mobility Status (1 Year Ago). Within the category movers, a further distinction is made between non-migrants and migrants; this difference is called migration status. Non-movers are persons who, on Census Day, were living at the same address which they occupied one year earlier. Movers are persons who, on Census Day, were living at a different address than the one at which they resided one year earlier. Non-migrants are movers who, on Census Day, were living at a different address but in the same census subdivision (CSD) that they occupied one year earlier. Migrants are movers who, on Census Day, were residing in a different CSD one year earlier (internal migrants) or who were living outside Canada one year earlier (external migrants). Return to footnote 187 referrer Footnote 188 Mobility 5: Mobility Status - Place of Residence 5 Years Ago Refers to the relationship between a person's usual place of residence on Census Day and his or her usual place of residence five years earlier. A person is classified as a non-mover if no difference exists. Otherwise, a person is classed as a mover and this categorization is called Mobility Status (5 Years Ago). Within the category movers, a further distinction is made between non-migrants and migrants; this difference is called migration status. Non-movers are persons who, on Census Day, were living at the same address which they occupied five years earlier. Movers are persons who, on Census Day, were living at a different address than the one at which they resided five years earlier. Non-migrants are movers who, on Census Day, were living at a different address but in the same census subdivision (CSD) that they occupied five years earlier. Migrants are movers who, on Census Day, were residing in a different CSD five years earlier (internal migrants) or who were living outside Canada five years earlier (external migrants). Return to footnote 188 referrer Footnote 189 Includes persons who did not work in 1995 but reported employment income. Income: Employment Income/Earnings Refers to total income received by persons 15 years of age and over during 1995 as: Wages and Salaries Refers to gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income tax, pensions and unemployment insurance. Included in this source are military pay and allowances, tips, commissions and cash bonuses, as well as all types of casual earnings during calendar year 1995. The value of taxable allowances and benefits provided by employers, such as free lodging and free automobile use, is excluded. Net Non-farm Income from Unincorporated Business and/or Professional Practice Refers to net income (gross receipts minus expenses of operation such as wages, rents and depreciation) received during calendar year 1995 from the respondent's non-farm unincorporated business or professional practice. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share was reported. Also included is net income of persons babysitting in their own homes, self-employed fishermen, hunters and trappers, operators of direct distributorships such as those selling and delivering cosmetics, as well as from freelance activities of artists, writers, music teachers, hairdressers, dressmakers, etc. Net Farm Income Refers to net income (gross receipts from farm sales minus depreciation and cost of operation) received during calendar year 1995 from the operation of a farm, either on own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share of income was reported. Also included are cash advances, dividends from cooperatives, gross insurance proceeds and all rebates and farm-support payments to farmers from federal, provincial and regional agricultural programs (e.g., milk subsidies and marketing board payments). However, the value of income 'in kind', such as agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm, is excluded. Supplementary definition: Average Income of Individuals Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals 15 years of age and over who reported income. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males 45 to 54 years of age) by the number of individuals with income in that group. This concept and procedure applies to total income, employment income, wages and salaries and any other component of income. Median Income of Individuals The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e. the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. This concept and procedure applies to total income, employment income, wages and salaries and any other component of income. Standard Error of Average Income Refers to the estimated standard error of average income for an income size distribution. If interpreted as shown below, it serves as a rough indicator of the precision of the corresponding estimate of average income. For about 68% of the samples which could be selected from the sample frame, the difference between the sample estimate of average income and the corresponding figure based on complete enumeration would be less than one standard error. For about 95% of the possible samples, the difference would be less than two standard errors and, in about 99% of the samples, the difference would be approximately two and a half standard errors. Sex Refers to the gender of the respondent. Labour Market Activities: Work Activity in 1995 (Derived) Refers to the number of weeks in which a person worked for pay or in self-employment in 1995 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week). Data are available for persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents. Weeks worked in the reference year include weeks of paid vacation, weeks on sick leave with pay and all weeks in which training was paid for by the employer. Persons who worked less than a year but who were paid on a twelve-month basis, such as school teachers, were instructed to report 52 weeks. Persons who operated a farm, business or professional practice for the full year, including weeks of vacation, were also instructed to report 52 weeks. The term 'full-year full-time workers' refers to persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who worked 49-52 weeks on a full time basis in the reference year for pay or in self-employment. Return to footnote 189 referrer Footnote 190 Worked 49-52 weeks in 1995, mostly full time. Return to footnote 190 referrer Footnote 191 Worked 49-52 weeks in 1995, mostly part time, or worked 1-49 weeks. Return to footnote 191 referrer Footnote 192 Includes persons who did not work in 1995 but reported employment income. Return to footnote 192 referrer Footnote 193 Worked 49-52 weeks in 1995, mostly full time. Return to footnote 193 referrer Footnote 194 Worked 49-52 weeks in 1995, mostly part time, or worked 1-49 weeks. Return to footnote 194 referrer Footnote 195 Includes persons who did not work in 1995 but reported employment income. Return to footnote 195 referrer Footnote 196 Worked 49-52 weeks in 1995, mostly full time. Return to footnote 196 referrer Footnote 197 Worked 49-52 weeks in 1995, mostly part time, or worked 1-49 weeks. Return to footnote 197 referrer Footnote 198 Percentages may not add to 100% due to rounding of the data. Income: Composition of Income The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area. Return to footnote 198 referrer Footnote 199 Income: Total Income Refers to the total money income received from the following sources during calendar year 1995 by persons 15 years of age and over: - wages and salaries (total); - net farm income; - net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice; - federal Child Tax benefits; - Old Age Security pension and Guaranteed Income Supplement; - benefits from Canada or Quebec Pension Plan; - benefits from Unemployment Insurance; - other income from government sources; - dividends, interest on bonds, deposits and savings certificates, and other investment income; - retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from RRSPs and RRIFs; - other money income. Receipts Not Counted as Income Gambling gains and losses, money inherited during the year, capital gains or losses, receipts from the sale of property or personal belongings, income tax refunds, loans received, loans repaid to an individual as the lender, lump-sum settlements of insurance policies, rebates of property taxes and other taxes, and refunds of pension contributions were excluded as was all income 'in kind' such as free meals, living accommodations, or agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm. Average Income of Individuals Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals 15 years of age and over who reported income. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males 45 to 54 years of age) by the number of individuals with income in that group. This concept and procedure applies to total income, employment income, wages and salaries and any other component of income. Median Income of Individuals The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e. the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. This concept and procedure applies to total income, employment income, wages and salaries and any other component of income. Standard Error of Average Income Refers to the estimated standard error of average income for an income size distribution. If interpreted as shown below, it serves as a rough indicator of the precision of the corresponding estimate of average income. For about 68% of the samples which could be selected from the sample frame, the difference between the sample estimate of average income and the corresponding figure based on complete enumeration would be less than one standard error. For about 95% of the possible samples, the difference would be less than two standard errors and, in about 99% of the samples, the difference would be approximately two and a half standard errors. Sex Refers to the gender of the respondent. Return to footnote 199 referrer Footnote 200 Including loss. Return to footnote 200 referrer Footnote 201 For persons with income. Return to footnote 201 referrer Footnote 202 For persons with income. Return to footnote 202 referrer Footnote 203 For persons with income. Return to footnote 203 referrer Footnote 204 Including loss. Return to footnote 204 referrer Footnote 205 For persons with income. Return to footnote 205 referrer Footnote 206 For persons with income. Return to footnote 206 referrer Footnote 207 For persons with income. Return to footnote 207 referrer Footnote 208 Including loss. Return to footnote 208 referrer Footnote 209 For persons with income. Return to footnote 209 referrer Footnote 210 For persons with income. Return to footnote 210 referrer Footnote 211 For persons with income. Return to footnote 211 referrer Footnote 212 Includes male and female lone-parent families. Income: Census Family Total Income The total income of a census family is the sum of the total incomes of all members of that family. Total Income Refers to the total money income received from the following sources during calendar year 1995 by persons 15 years of age and over: - wages and salaries (total); - net farm income; - net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice; - federal Child Tax benefits; - Old Age Security pension and Guaranteed Income Supplement; - benefits from Canada or Quebec Pension Plan; - benefits from Unemployment Insurance; - other income from government sources; - dividends, interest on bonds, deposits and savings certificates, and other investment income; - retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from RRSPs and RRIFs; - other money income. Receipts Not Counted as Income Gambling gains and losses, money inherited during the year, capital gains or losses, receipts from the sale of property or personal belongings, income tax refunds, loans received, loans repaid to an individual as the lender, lump-sum settlements of insurance policies, rebates of property taxes and other taxes, and refunds of pension contributions were excluded as was all income 'in kind' such as free meals, living accommodations, or agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm. Average Income of Census Families and Non-family Persons 15 Years of Age and Over Average census family income refers to the weighted mean total income of census families. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of families (e.g., husband-wife families with working wives) by the number of families in that group, whether or not they reported income. Similarly, the average income of a group of non-family persons is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of the specified group by the number of all non-family persons 15 years of age and over in the group, whether or not they reported income. Median Income of Census Families and Non-family Persons 15 Years of Age and Over The median income of a specified group of census families or non-family persons 15 years of age and over is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e. the incomes of the first half of the families or non-family persons are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. The median income of census families and non-family persons is calculated for all units in the specified group, whether or not they reported income. Standard Error of Average Income Refers to the estimated standard error of average income for an income size distribution. If interpreted as shown below, it serves as a rough indicator of the precision of the corresponding estimate of average income. For about 68% of the samples which could be selected from the sample frame, the difference between the sample estimate of average income and the corresponding figure based on complete enumeration would be less than one standard error. For about 95% of the possible samples, the difference would be less than two standard errors and, in about 99% of the samples, the difference would be approximately two and a half standard errors. Census Family Structure Refers to the classification of census families into families of now-married couples (with or without never-married sons or daughters of either or both spouses), families of common-law couples (with or without never-married sons or daughters of either or both partners) and lone-parent families by sex of parent. Supplementary definition: Families of now-married couples and those of common-law couples together constitute 'husband-wife families'. Return to footnote 212 referrer Footnote 213 Including loss. Return to footnote 213 referrer Footnote 214 Income: Census Family Total Income The total income of a census family is the sum of the total incomes of all members of that family. Total Income Refers to the total money income received from the following sources during calendar year 1995 by persons 15 years of age and over: - wages and salaries (total); - net farm income; - net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice; - federal Child Tax benefits; - Old Age Security pension and Guaranteed Income Supplement; - benefits from Canada or Quebec Pension Plan; - benefits from Unemployment Insurance; - other income from government sources; - dividends, interest on bonds, deposits and savings certificates, and other investment income; - retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from RRSPs and RRIFs; - other money income. Receipts Not Counted as Income Gambling gains and losses, money inherited during the year, capital gains or losses, receipts from the sale of property or personal belongings, income tax refunds, loans received, loans repaid to an individual as the lender, lump-sum settlements of insurance policies, rebates of property taxes and other taxes, and refunds of pension contributions were excluded as was all income 'in kind' such as free meals, living accommodations, or agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm. Average Income of Census Families and Non-family Persons 15 Years of Age and Over Average census family income refers to the weighted mean total income of census families. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of families (e.g., husband-wife families with working wives) by the number of families in that group, whether or not they reported income. Similarly, the average income of a group of non-family persons is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of the specified group by the number of all non-family persons 15 years of age and over in the group, whether or not they reported income. Median Income of Census Families and Non-family Persons 15 Years of Age and Over The median income of a specified group of census families or non-family persons 15 years of age and over is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e. the incomes of the first half of the families or non-family persons are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. The median income of census families and non-family persons is calculated for all units in the specified group, whether or not they reported income. Standard Error of Average Income Refers to the estimated standard error of average income for an income size distribution. If interpreted as shown below, it serves as a rough indicator of the precision of the corresponding estimate of average income. For about 68% of the samples which could be selected from the sample frame, the difference between the sample estimate of average income and the corresponding figure based on complete enumeration would be less than one standard error. For about 95% of the possible samples, the difference would be less than two standard errors and, in about 99% of the samples, the difference would be approximately two and a half standard errors. Census Family Structure Refers to the classification of census families into families of now-married couples (with or without never-married sons or daughters of either or both spouses), families of common-law couples (with or without never-married sons or daughters of either or both partners) and lone-parent families by sex of parent. Supplementary definition: Families of now-married couples and those of common-law couples together constitute 'husband-wife families'. Return to footnote 214 referrer Footnote 215 Including loss. Return to footnote 215 referrer Footnote 216 Census Family Structure Refers to the classification of census families into families of now-married couples (with or without never-married sons or daughters of either or both spouses), families of common-law couples (with or without never-married sons or daughters of either or both partners) and lone-parent families by sex of parent. Supplementary definition: Families of now-married couples and those of common-law couples together constitute 'husband-wife families'. Income: Census Family Total Income The total income of a census family is the sum of the total incomes of all members of that family. Total Income Refers to the total money income received from the following sources during calendar year 1995 by persons 15 years of age and over: - wages and salaries (total); - net farm income; - net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice; - federal Child Tax benefits; - Old Age Security pension and Guaranteed Income Supplement; - benefits from Canada or Quebec Pension Plan; - benefits from Unemployment Insurance; - other income from government sources; - dividends, interest on bonds, deposits and savings certificates, and other investment income; - retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from RRSPs and RRIFs; - other money income. Receipts Not Counted as Income Gambling gains and losses, money inherited during the year, capital gains or losses, receipts from the sale of property or personal belongings, income tax refunds, loans received, loans repaid to an individual as the lender, lump-sum settlements of insurance policies, rebates of property taxes and other taxes, and refunds of pension contributions were excluded as was all income 'in kind' such as free meals, living accommodations, or agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm. Average Income of Census Families and Non-family Persons 15 Years of Age and Over Average census family income refers to the weighted mean total income of census families. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of families (e.g., husband-wife families with working wives) by the number of families in that group, whether or not they reported income. Similarly, the average income of a group of non-family persons is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of the specified group by the number of all non-family persons 15 years of age and over in the group, whether or not they reported income. Median Income of Census Families and Non-family Persons 15 Years of Age and Over The median income of a specified group of census families or non-family persons 15 years of age and over is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e. the incomes of the first half of the families or non-family persons are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. The median income of census families and non-family persons is calculated for all units in the specified group, whether or not they reported income. Standard Error of Average Income Refers to the estimated standard error of average income for an income size distribution. If interpreted as shown below, it serves as a rough indicator of the precision of the corresponding estimate of average income. For about 68% of the samples which could be selected from the sample frame, the difference between the sample estimate of average income and the corresponding figure based on complete enumeration would be less than one standard error. For about 95% of the possible samples, the difference would be less than two standard errors and, in about 99% of the samples, the difference would be approximately two and a half standard errors. Return to footnote 216 referrer Footnote 217 Income: Census Family Total Income The total income of a census family is the sum of the total incomes of all members of that family. Total Income Refers to the total money income received from the following sources during calendar year 1995 by persons 15 years of age and over: - wages and salaries (total); - net farm income; - net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice; - federal Child Tax benefits; - Old Age Security pension and Guaranteed Income Supplement; - benefits from Canada or Quebec Pension Plan; - benefits from Unemployment Insurance; - other income from government sources; - dividends, interest on bonds, deposits and savings certificates, and other investment income; - retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from RRSPs and RRIFs; - other money income. Receipts Not Counted as Income Gambling gains and losses, money inherited during the year, capital gains or losses, receipts from the sale of property or personal belongings, income tax refunds, loans received, loans repaid to an individual as the lender, lump-sum settlements of insurance policies, rebates of property taxes and other taxes, and refunds of pension contributions were excluded as was all income 'in kind' such as free meals, living accommodations, or agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm. Average Income of Census Families and Non-family Persons 15 Years of Age and Over Average census family income refers to the weighted mean total income of census families. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of families (e.g., husband-wife families with working wives) by the number of families in that group, whether or not they reported income. Similarly, the average income of a group of non-family persons is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of the specified group by the number of all non-family persons 15 years of age and over in the group, whether or not they reported income. Median Income of Census Families and Non-family Persons 15 Years of Age and Over The median income of a specified group of census families or non-family persons 15 years of age and over is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e. the incomes of the first half of the families or non-family persons are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. The median income of census families and non-family persons is calculated for all units in the specified group, whether or not they reported income. Standard Error of Average Income Refers to the estimated standard error of average income for an income size distribution. If interpreted as shown below, it serves as a rough indicator of the precision of the corresponding estimate of average income. For about 68% of the samples which could be selected from the sample frame, the difference between the sample estimate of average income and the corresponding figure based on complete enumeration would be less than one standard error. For about 95% of the possible samples, the difference would be less than two standard errors and, in about 99% of the samples, the difference would be approximately two and a half standard errors. Census Family Status Refers to the classification of the population according to whether or not they are members of a census family. Family persons refers to household members who belong to a census family Non-family persons refers to household members who do not belong to a census family. They may be related to Person 1, the household reference person (e.g., Person 1's divorced brother, brother-in-law, cousin, grandparent), or unrelated (e.g., lodger, room-mate, employee). A person living alone is always a non-family person. Sex Refers to the gender of the respondent. Return to footnote 217 referrer Footnote 218 Including loss. Return to footnote 218 referrer Footnote 219 Including loss. Return to footnote 219 referrer Footnote 220 Including loss. Return to footnote 220 referrer Footnote 221 Economic Family Refers to a group of two or more persons who live in the same dwelling and are related to each other by blood, marriage, common-law or adoption. Supplementary definition: The economic family concept requires only that family members be related by blood, marriage, common-law or adoption. By contrast, the census family concept requires that family members be either male or female spouse, male or female common-law partner or never-married son or daughter with a parent present. The concept of economic family may therefore refer to a larger group of persons than does the census family concept. For example: a widowed mother living with her married son and daughter-in-law would be treated as a non-family person under the definition of a census family. That same person would, however, be counted as a member of an economic family along with her son and daughter-in-law. Two or more related families living together also constitute one economic family as, for example, a man and his wife living with their married son and daughter-in-law. Two or more brothers or sisters living together, apart from their parents, will form an economic family, but not a census family since they do not meet the requirements for the latter. All census family persons are economic family persons. Return to footnote 221 referrer Footnote 222 Income: Incidence of Low Income The incidence of low income is the proportion or percentage of economic families or unattached individuals in a given classification below the low income cut-offs. These incidence rates are calculated from unrounded estimates of economic families and unattached individuals 15 years of age and over. Since all members of an economic family share a common status, incidence of low income can also be calculated for the population in private households. Income Status Refers to the position of an economic family or an unattached individual 15 years of age and over in relation to Statistics Canada's low income cut-offs (LICOs). Low Income Cut-offs (LICOs) Measures of low income known as low income cut-offs (LICOs) were first introduced in Canada in 1968 based on 1961 Census income data and 1959 family expenditure patterns. At that time, expenditure patterns indicated that Canadian families spent about 50% of their income on food, shelter and clothing. It was arbitrarily estimated that families spending 70% or more of their income on these basic necessities would be in 'straitened' circumstances. With this assumption, low income cut-off points were set for five different sizes of families. Subsequent to these initial cut-offs, revised low income cut-offs were established based on national family expenditure data from 1969, 1978, 1986 and 1992. These data indicated that Canadian families spent, on average, 42% in 1969, 38.5% in 1978, 36.2% in 1986 and 34.7% in 1992 of their income on basic necessities. By adding the original difference of 20 percentage points to the basic level of expenditure on necessities, new low income cut-offs were set at income levels differentiated by family size and degree of urbanization. Since then, these cut-offs have been updated yearly by changes in the consumer price index. Note: For more information on Low Income Cut-offs (LICOs) and for the 1990 and 1995 matrices of Low Income Cut-offs, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. c:\Rec96cen\Document\English\Other\Specnotes.txt Return to footnote 222 referrer Footnote 223 Unattached Individual Refers to a household member who is not a member of an economic family. Unattached individuals may either live alone or in a household where they are not related to any other member of that household. Income statistics are produced for unattached individuals who are at least 15 years of age. Return to footnote 223 referrer Footnote 224 Income: Incidence of Low Income The incidence of low income is the proportion or percentage of economic families or unattached individuals in a given classification below the low income cut-offs. These incidence rates are calculated from unrounded estimates of economic families and unattached individuals 15 years of age and over. Since all members of an economic family share a common status, incidence of low income can also be calculated for the population in private households. Income Status Refers to the position of an economic family or an unattached individual 15 years of age and over in relation to Statistics Canada's low income cut-offs (LICOs). Low Income Cut-offs (LICOs) Measures of low income known as low income cut-offs (LICOs) were first introduced in Canada in 1968 based on 1961 Census income data and 1959 family expenditure patterns. At that time, expenditure patterns indicated that Canadian families spent about 50% of their income on food, shelter and clothing. It was arbitrarily estimated that families spending 70% or more of their income on these basic necessities would be in 'straitened' circumstances. With this assumption, low income cut-off points were set for five different sizes of families. Subsequent to these initial cut-offs, revised low income cut-offs were established based on national family expenditure data from 1969, 1978, 1986 and 1992. These data indicated that Canadian families spent, on average, 42% in 1969, 38.5% in 1978, 36.2% in 1986 and 34.7% in 1992 of their income on basic necessities. By adding the original difference of 20 percentage points to the basic level of expenditure on necessities, new low income cut-offs were set at income levels differentiated by family size and degree of urbanization. Since then, these cut-offs have been updated yearly by changes in the consumer price index. Note: For more information on Low Income Cut-offs (LICOs) and for the 1990 and 1995 matrices of Low Income Cut-offs, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. c:\Rec96cen\Document\English\Other\Specnotes.txt Return to footnote 224 referrer Footnote 225 Household, Private Refers to a person or a group of persons (other than foreign residents) who occupy a private dwelling and do not have a usual place of residence elsewhere in Canada. Return to footnote 225 referrer Footnote 226 Income: Incidence of Low Income The incidence of low income is the proportion or percentage of economic families or unattached individuals in a given classification below the low income cut-offs. These incidence rates are calculated from unrounded estimates of economic families and unattached individuals 15 years of age and over. Since all members of an economic family share a common status, incidence of low income can also be calculated for the population in private households. Income Status Refers to the position of an economic family or an unattached individual 15 years of age and over in relation to Statistics Canada's low income cut-offs (LICOs). Low Income Cut-offs (LICOs) Measures of low income known as low income cut-offs (LICOs) were first introduced in Canada in 1968 based on 1961 Census income data and 1959 family expenditure patterns. At that time, expenditure patterns indicated that Canadian families spent about 50% of their income on food, shelter and clothing. It was arbitrarily estimated that families spending 70% or more of their income on these basic necessities would be in 'straitened' circumstances. With this assumption, low income cut-off points were set for five different sizes of families. Subsequent to these initial cut-offs, revised low income cut-offs were established based on national family expenditure data from 1969, 1978, 1986 and 1992. These data indicated that Canadian families spent, on average, 42% in 1969, 38.5% in 1978, 36.2% in 1986 and 34.7% in 1992 of their income on basic necessities. By adding the original difference of 20 percentage points to the basic level of expenditure on necessities, new low income cut-offs were set at income levels differentiated by family size and degree of urbanization. Since then, these cut-offs have been updated yearly by changes in the consumer price index. Note: For more information on Low Income Cut-offs (LICOs) and for the 1990 and 1995 matrices of Low Income Cut-offs, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. c:\Rec96cen\Document\English\Other\Specnotes.txt Return to footnote 226 referrer Footnote 227 Income: Household Total Income The total income of a household is the sum of the total incomes of all members of that household. Total Income Refers to the total money income received from the following sources during calendar year 1995 by persons 15 years of age and over: - wages and salaries (total); - net farm income; - net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice; - federal Child Tax benefits; - Old Age Security pension and Guaranteed Income Supplement; - benefits from Canada or Quebec Pension Plan; - benefits from Unemployment Insurance; - other income from government sources; - dividends, interest on bonds, deposits and savings certificates, and other investment income; - retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from RRSPs and RRIFs; - other money income. Receipts Not Counted as Income Gambling gains and losses, money inherited during the year, capital gains or losses, receipts from the sale of property or personal belongings, income tax refunds, loans received, loans repaid to an individual as the lender, lump-sum settlements of insurance policies, rebates of property taxes and other taxes, and refunds of pension contributions were excluded as was all income 'in kind' such as free meals, living accommodations, or agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm. Average Income of Households Average household income refers to the weighted mean total income of households. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of households (e.g., family households) by the number of households in that group, whether or not they reported income. Median Income of Households The median income of a specified group of households is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e. the incomes of the first half of households are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. The median income of households is calculated for all units in the specified group, whether or not they reported income. Standard Error of Average Income Refers to the estimated standard error of average income for an income size distribution. If interpreted as shown below, it serves as a rough indicator of the precision of the corresponding estimate of average income. For about 68% of the samples which could be selected from the sample frame, the difference between the sample estimate of average income and the corresponding figure based on complete enumeration would be less than one standard error. For about 95% of the possible samples, the difference would be less than two standard errors and, in about 99% of the samples, the difference would be approximately two and a half standard errors. Household, Private Refers to a person or a group of persons (other than foreign residents) who occupy a private dwelling and do not have a usual place of residence elsewhere in Canada. Household Size Refers to the number of persons in a private household. Return to footnote 227 referrer Footnote 228 Including loss. Return to footnote 228 referrer Footnote 229 Including loss. Return to footnote 229 referrer Footnote 230 Including loss. Return to footnote 230 referrer Footnote 231 Economic Family Refers to a group of two or more persons who live in the same dwelling and are related to each other by blood, marriage, common-law or adoption. Household, Private Refers to a person or a group of persons (other than foreign residents) who occupy a private dwelling and do not have a usual place of residence elsewhere in Canada. Return to footnote 231 referrer Footnote 232 Economic Family Status Refers to the classification of population according to whether or not they are members of an economic family. Economic family persons refers to two or more household members who are related to each other by blood, marriage, common-law or adoption and thereby constitute an economic family. Unattached individuals refers to household members who are not members of an economic family. A person living alone is always an unattached individual. Return to footnote 232 referrer Footnote 233 Economic Family Status Refers to the classification of population according to whether or not they are members of an economic family. Economic family persons refers to two or more household members who are related to each other by blood, marriage, common-law or adoption and thereby constitute an economic family. Unattached individuals refers to household members who are not members of an economic family. A person living alone is always an unattached individual. Return to footnote 233 referrer Footnote 234 Census Family Structure Refers to the classification of census families into families of now-married couples (with or without never-married sons or daughters of either or both spouses), families of common-law couples (with or without never-married sons or daughters of either or both partners) and lone-parent families by sex of parent. Census Family Status Refers to the classification of the population according to whether or not they are members of a census family. Family persons refers to household members who belong to a census family. They, in turn, are further classified as follows: Spouses refers to persons of opposite sex who are legally married to each other and living in the same dwelling. Common-law partners are two persons of opposite sex who are not legally married to each other but live together as husband and wife in the same dwelling. Lone parent refers to a mother or a father, with no spouse or common-law partner present, living in a dwelling with one or more never-married sons and/or daughters. Never-married sons and/or daughters refers to blood, step or adopted sons and daughters who have never married (regardless of age) and are living in the same dwelling as their parent(s). Sons and daughters who are currently or were previously married, or who are living common-law, are not considered to be members of their parent(s)' census family even if they are living in the same dwelling. In addition, those never-married sons and daughters who do not live in the same dwelling as their parent(s) are not considered members of their parent(s)' census family. Labour Market Activities: Labour Force Activity Refers to the labour market activity of the population 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day. Respondents were classified as either employed, unemployed or not in the labour force. Employed Refers to persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who, during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day: (a) did any work at all for pay or in self-employment; or (b) were absent from their job or business for the entire week because of vacation, illness, a labour dispute at their place of work or other reasons. Unemployed Refers to persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who, during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day, were without paid work and were available for work and either: (a) had actively looked for work in the past four weeks; or (b) were on temporary lay-off and expected to return to their job; or (c) had definite arrangements to start a new job in four weeks or less. Not in Labour Force Refers to those persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who, in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day, were neither employed nor unemployed. It includes persons who did not work for pay or in self-employment in the week prior to enumeration and (a) did not look for paid work in the four weeks prior to enumeration, (b) were not on temporary lay-off and (c) did not have a new job to start in four weeks or less. It also includes persons who looked for work during the last four weeks but were not available to start work in the week prior to enumeration. Total Labour Force (in Reference Week) Refers to all persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who were either employed or unemployed during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day. Participation Rate Refers to the total labour force in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day, expressed as a percentage of the population 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents. The participation rate for a particular group (age, sex, marital status, geographic area, etc.) is the total labour force in that group, expressed as a percentage of the population in that group. Employment-population Ratio Refers to the number of persons employed in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day, expressed as a percentage of the total population 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents. The employment-population ratio for a particular group (age, sex, marital status, geographic area, etc.) is the number employed in that group, expressed as a percentage of the population 15 years of age and over in that group. Unemployment Rate Refers to the unemployed labour force expressed as a percentage of the total labour force in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day. Data are available for persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents. The unemployment rate for a particular group (age, sex, marital status, geographic area, etc.) is the unemployed labour force in that group, expressed as a percentage of the total labour force in that group, in the week prior to enumeration. Return to footnote 234 referrer Footnote 235 Dwelling, Occupied Private Refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons are permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on Census Day. Unless otherwise specified, all data in housing reports are for occupied private dwellings rather than unoccupied private dwellings or dwellings occupied solely by foreign and/or temporary residents. Return to footnote 235 referrer Footnote 236 Rooms Refers to the number of rooms in a dwelling. A room is an enclosed area within a dwelling which is finished and suitable for year-round living. Dwelling Refers to a set of living quarters in which a person or a group of persons reside or could reside. Return to footnote 236 referrer Footnote 237 Users of 1996 Census data on Number of Bedrooms are cautioned that the counts for dwellings having no bedroom may be too high, due to the editing procedure used in processing the 1996 data. It is estimated that, at the national level, the counts for dwellings with no bedroom may be over-reported by 25%. These dwellings would have been classified as having one bedroom. The over-reporting is concentrated among dwellings with two rooms. Bedrooms Refers to all rooms designed and furnished as bedrooms and used mainly for sleeping purposes, even though the use may be occasional (i.e., spare bedroom). Dwelling Refers to a set of living quarters in which a person or a group of persons reside or could reside. Return to footnote 237 referrer Footnote 238 Value of Dwelling Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the dwelling were to be sold. Dwelling Refers to a set of living quarters in which a person or a group of persons reside or could reside. Return to footnote 238 referrer Footnote 239 Tenure Refers to whether some member of the household owns or rents the dwelling, or whether the dwelling is Band housing (on an Indian reserve or settlement). Return to footnote 239 referrer Footnote 240 Tenure Refers to whether some member of the household owns or rents the dwelling, or whether the dwelling is Band housing (on an Indian reserve or settlement). Return to footnote 240 referrer Footnote 241 Condition of Dwelling Refers to whether, in the judgement of the respondent, the dwelling requires any repairs (excluding desirable remodelling or additions). Return to footnote 241 referrer Footnote 242 Condition of Dwelling Refers to whether, in the judgement of the respondent, the dwelling requires any repairs (excluding desirable remodelling or additions). Return to footnote 242 referrer Footnote 243 Period of Construction Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. Return to footnote 243 referrer Footnote 244 Period of Construction Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. Return to footnote 244 referrer Footnote 245 Period of Construction Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. Return to footnote 245 referrer Footnote 246 Period of Construction Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. Return to footnote 246 referrer Footnote 247 Period of Construction Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. Return to footnote 247 referrer Footnote 248 Period of Construction Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. Return to footnote 248 referrer Footnote 249 Household, Private Refers to a person or a group of persons (other than foreign residents) who occupy a private dwelling and do not have a usual place of residence elsewhere in Canada. Household Type Refers to the basic division of private households into family and non-family households. Family household refers to a household that contains at least one census family, that is a married couple with or without never-married sons or daughters, or a couple living common-law with or without never-married sons or daughters, or a lone parent living with one or more never-married sons or daughters (lone-parent family). One-family household refers to a single census family (with or without other non-family persons) that occupies a private dwelling. Multiple-family household refers to one in which two or more census families (with or without additional non-family persons) occupy the same private dwelling. Non-family household refers to either one person living alone in a private dwelling or to a group of two or more people who share a private dwelling, but who do not constitute a census family. Census Family Refers to a now-married couple (with or without never-married sons and/or daughters of either or both spouses), a couple living common-law (with or without never-married sons and/or daughters of either or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one never-married son or daughter living in the same dwelling. Census Family Status Refers to the classification of the population according to whether or not they are members of a census family. Family persons refers to household members who belong to a census family. They, in turn, are further classified as follows: Spouses refers to persons of opposite sex who are legally married to each other and living in the same dwelling. Common-law partners are two persons of opposite sex who are not legally married to each other but live together as husband and wife in the same dwelling. Lone parent refers to a mother or a father, with no spouse or common-law partner present, living in a dwelling with one or more never-married sons and/or daughters. Never-married sons and/or daughters refers to blood, step or adopted sons and daughters who have never married (regardless of age) and are living in the same dwelling as their parent(s). Sons and daughters who are currently or were previously married, or who are living common-law, are not considered to be members of their parent(s)' census family even if they are living in the same dwelling. In addition, those never-married sons and daughters who do not live in the same dwelling as their parent(s) are not considered members of their parent(s)' census family. Return to footnote 249 referrer Footnote 250 Household, Private Refers to a person or a group of persons (other than foreign residents) who occupy a private dwelling and do not have a usual place of residence elsewhere in Canada. Return to footnote 250 referrer Footnote 251 Rent, Gross Refers to the total average monthly payments paid by tenant households to secure shelter. Return to footnote 251 referrer Footnote 252 Gross Rent as a Percentage of Household Income Refers to the proportion of average monthly 1995 total household income which is spent on gross rent (for tenant-occupied dwellings). Calculation - Gross Rent X 100 ÷ Total annual household income in 1995 ÷ 12. Return to footnote 252 referrer Footnote 253 Owner's Major Payments Refers to the total average monthly payments made by owner households to secure shelter. Return to footnote 253 referrer Footnote 254 Owner's Major Payments or Gross Rent as a Percentage of Household Income Refers to the proportion of average monthly 1995 total household income which is spent on owner's major payments (in the case of owner-occupied dwellings) or on gross rent (in the case of tenant-occupied dwellings). Return to footnote 254 referrer
Population, 1991 (100% data) ^{Footnote 1}	313,987
Population, 1996 (100% data) ^{Footnote 2}	323,340
Population percentage change, 1991-1996	3.0
Land area in square kilometres, 1996	110.15
Total population by sex and age groups (100% data) ^{Footnote 3}	323,340
Male, total	154,800
0-4	9,565
5-9	9,010
10-14	8,510
15	1,665
16	1,765
17	1,600
18	1,600
19	1,755
15-19	8,390
20-24	12,565
25-29	15,475
30-34	15,470
35-39	13,415
40-44	11,995
45-49	11,105
50-54	7,990
55-59	6,445
60-64	6,125
65-69	5,785
70-74	5,460
75-79	3,820
80-84	2,400
85+	1,270
Female, total	168,540
0-4	9,005
5-9	8,630
10-14	8,015
15	1,545
16	1,545
17	1,540
18	1,570
19	1,885
15-19	8,090
20-24	13,255
25-29	15,180
30-34	14,630
35-39	13,675
40-44	12,465
45-49	11,745
50-54	8,780
55-59	7,255
60-64	7,115
65-69	7,530
70-74	8,035
75-79	6,635
80-84	4,780
85+	3,720
Total population 15 years and over by legal marital status (100% data) ^{Footnote 4}	270,600
Never married (single)	104,235
Legally married (and not separated)	112,855
Separated, but still legally married	11,025
Divorced	22,475
Widowed	20,010
Total number of census families in private households by family size (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 5}	79,020
Size of census family, 2 persons	41,030
Size of census family, 3 persons	17,050
Size of census family, 4 persons	14,090
Size of census family, 5 or more persons	6,845
Total husband-wife families by family structure (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 6}	63,475
Total families of now-married couples	54,730
Total without sons and/or daughters at home	25,325
Total with sons and/or daughters at home	29,405
1 son or daughter	11,505
2 sons and/or daughters	11,940
3 or more sons and/or daughters	5,965
Total families of common-law couples	8,740
Total without sons and/or daughters at home	6,040
Total with sons and/or daughters at home	2,705
1 son or daughter	1,430
2 sons and/or daughters	860
3 or more sons and/or daughters	415
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 7}	15,540
Male parent	2,265
1 son or daughter	1,590
2 sons and/or daughters	525
3 or more sons and/or daughters	155
Female parent	13,275
1 son or daughter	8,075
2 sons and/or daughters	3,590
3 or more sons and/or daughters	1,605
Total number of never-married sons and/or daughters at home (20% sample data)	84,060
Under 6 years of age	21,520
6 - 14 years	29,945
15 - 17 years	8,860
18 - 24 years	14,730
25 years and over	9,015
Average number of never-married sons and/or daughters at home per census family ^{Footnote 8}	1.1
Total number of persons in private households (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 9}	314,505
Number of non-family persons	87,945
Living with relatives ^{Footnote 10}	11,275
Living with non-relatives only ^{Footnote 11}	25,435
Living alone	51,230
Number of family persons	226,560
Average number of persons per census family	2.9
Total number of persons 65 years and over (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 12}	45,290
Number of non-family persons 65 years and over	19,750
Living with relatives ^{Footnote 13}	2,865
Living with non-relatives only ^{Footnote 14}	830
Living alone	16,055
Number of family persons 65 years and over	25,540
Total number of occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 15}	142,115
Single-detached house	39,020
Semi-detached house	8,305
Row house	17,490
Apartment, detached duplex	4,880
Apartment building, five or more storeys	48,820
Apartment building, less than five storeys	23,225
Other single attached house	375
Movable dwelling ^{Footnote 16}	0
Total number of private households by household size (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 17}	142,115
1 person	51,235
2 persons	47,035
3 persons	19,885
4 - 5 persons	20,940
6 or more persons	3,020
Total population by citizenship (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 18}	318,990
Canadian citizenship	291,955
Citizenship other than Canadian	27,035
Total population by place of birth (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 19}	318,990
Non-immigrant population ^{Footnote 20}	236,220
Born in province of residence	168,115
Total immigrants by selected countries of birth ^{Footnote 21}	78,425
United Kingdom	9,715
Italy	3,920
United States	3,685
Hong Kong	1,355
India	2,220
China, People's Republic of	3,810
Poland	2,550
Philippines	1,130
Germany	2,075
Portugal	1,270
Viet Nam	3,100
Netherlands	1,015
Jamaica	2,080
Greece	885
Guyana	805
Sri Lanka	755
Lebanon	5,650
France	1,015
Trinidad and Tobago	675
Yugoslavia ^{Footnote 22}	830
Hungary	790
Haiti	1,270
Taiwan	210
Iran ^{Footnote 23}	1,555
Romania	730
Korea, South ^{Footnote 24}	125
Ukraine	515
Pakistan	510
El Salvador	1,265
Egypt	630
Croatia	390
Russian Federation	625
Ireland, Republic of (Eire)	470
South Africa, Republic of	210
Mexico	265
Austria	305
Chile	205
Belgium	230
Fiji	0
Morocco	315
Denmark ^{Footnote 25}	170
Czechoslovakia, n.i.e. ^{Footnote 26}	315
Malaysia	325
Cambodia ^{Footnote 27}	775
Switzerland	235
Tanzania, United Republic of	95
Kenya	260
Iraq	600
Somalia	3,205
Israel	220
All other places of birth	13,035
Non-permanent residents ^{Footnote 28}	4,350
Total recent immigrants by selected countries of birth (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 29}	22,055
Hong Kong	415
China, People's Republic of	1,825
India	740
Philippines	520
Sri Lanka	460
Poland	605
Taiwan	45
Viet Nam	975
United States	365
United Kingdom	355
Yugoslavia ^{Footnote 30}	595
Iran ^{Footnote 31}	640
Jamaica	545
Lebanon	1,815
Romania	380
Pakistan	265
Korea, South ^{Footnote 32}	0
Guyana	130
Trinidad and Tobago	75
El Salvador	375
Somalia	2,475
France	155
Haiti	425
Russian Federation	405
Iraq	395
Portugal	10
Bosnia and Herzegovina	205
Mexico	145
Germany	120
Egypt	155
Ukraine	225
Ghana	80
Ethiopia ^{Footnote 33}	845
South Africa, Republic of	25
Bangladesh	200
Afghanistan	135
Peru	125
Guatemala	135
Fiji	0
Morocco	130
All other places of birth	4,510
Total immigrant population by period of immigration (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 34}	78,425
Before 1961, period of immigration	14,570
1961-1970, period of immigration	9,975
1971-1980, period of immigration	12,470
1981-1990, period of immigration	19,355
1991-1996, period of immigration ^{Footnote 35}	22,055
Total immigrant population by age at immigration (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 36}	78,425
0-4 years, age at immigration	8,075
5-19 years, age at immigration	21,505
20 years and over, age at immigration	48,845
Total population by mother tongue (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 37}	318,990
Single responses	311,770
English	196,980
French	47,115
Non-official languages	67,675
Italian	5,680
Chinese	8,115
German	2,840
Portuguese	1,870
Polish	3,230
Ukrainian	930
Spanish	4,805
Dutch	1,010
Punjabi	715
Greek	1,365
Arabic	9,890
Tagalog (Pilipino)	810
Hungarian	1,130
Vietnamese	2,990
Cree	60
Persian (Farsi)	1,725
Croatian	520
Gujarati	310
Korean	210
Russian	1,260
Hindi	560
Tamil	665
Japanese	315
Creoles	820
Finnish	155
Czech	395
Armenian	150
Yiddish	250
Urdu	470
Inuktitut (Eskimo)	45
Romanian	620
Ojibway	50
Danish	200
Slovak	265
Macedonian	25
Khmer (Cambodian)	690
Norwegian	90
Hebrew	120
Estonian	140
Swedish	130
Lao	120
Lithuanian	105
Serbian	425
Latvian (Lettish)	175
Slovenian	160
Turkish	405
Bengali	565
Maltese	15
Flemish	50
Montagnais-Naskapi	0
Bulgarian	300
Micmac	10
Gaelic languages	50
South Slave	0
Chipewyan	0
Dogrib	0
Kutchin-Gwich'in (Loucheux)	0
Tlingit	0
Serbo-Croatian	570
Dakota/Sioux	0
Malay-Bahasa	50
Blackfoot	0
Malayalam	95
Thai	30
Kurdish	280
Pashto	135
Other languages ^{Footnote 38}	8,490
Multiple responses	7,220
English and French	3,335
English and non-official language	2,800
French and non-official language	770
English, French and non-official language	310
Total population by knowledge of official languages (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 39}	318,990
English only	188,980
French only	4,920
English and French	118,635
Neither English nor French	6,450
Total population by first official language spoken (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 40}	318,990
English	255,810
French	49,800
English and French	7,165
Neither English nor French	6,210
Official language minority - (number) ^{Footnote 41}	53,385
Official language minority - (percentage) ^{Footnote 42}	16.7
Total population by home language (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 43}	318,990
Single responses	307,555
English	234,605
French	32,055
Non-official languages	40,895
Chinese	6,220
Italian	2,775
Portuguese	990
Spanish	3,140
German	410
Polish	1,890
Punjabi	350
Greek	730
Vietnamese	2,560
Arabic	6,980
Cree	15
Tagalog (Pilipino)	465
Ukrainian	270
Persian (Farsi)	1,290
Korean	115
Hungarian	360
Tamil	410
Gujarati	160
Croatian	285
Armenian	90
Inuktitut (Eskimo)	0
Hindi	375
Urdu	370
Japanese	145
Russian	935
Creoles	350
Dutch	70
Khmer (Cambodian)	440
Ojibway	0
Romanian	350
Czech	95
Lao	75
Macedonian	0
Finnish	0
Montagnais-Naskapi	0
Hebrew	60
Yiddish	25
Serbian	375
Bengali	355
Slovak	60
Estonian	40
Turkish	275
Lithuanian	20
Latvian (Lettish)	100
Micmac	0
Slovenian	25
Bulgarian	190
Serbo-Croatian	485
Dakota/Sioux	0
South Slave	0
Malay-Bahasa	0
Maltese	0
Blackfoot	0
Dogrib	0
Danish	10
Swedish	10
Malayalam	10
Thai	10
Kurdish	200
Pashto	105
Flemish	0
Chipewyan	0
Kutchin-Gwich'in (Loucheux)	0
Norwegian	10
Gaelic languages	0
Tlingit	0
Other languages ^{Footnote 44}	5,815
Multiple responses	11,435
English and French	4,415
English and non-official language	5,900
French and non-official language	760
English, French and non-official language	360
Knowledge of non-official languages (20% sample data): Italian ^{Footnote 45}	9,950
German	7,780
Chinese	9,080
Spanish	12,905
Portuguese	2,655
Ukrainian	1,460
Polish	3,805
Dutch	1,495
Punjabi	1,085
Arabic	14,260
Greek	1,975
Tagalog (Pilipino)	1,210
Vietnamese	3,485
Hindi	1,780
Hungarian	1,385
Cree	115
Russian	2,920
Gujarati	490
Yiddish	660
Hebrew	845
Urdu	1,095
Creoles	1,835
Persian (Farsi)	2,340
Croatian	770
Japanese	765
Korean	265
Tamil	760
Finnish	220
Armenian	165
Romanian	760
Ojibway	115
Czech	535
Danish	320
Non-verbal languages	730
Inuktitut (Eskimo)	60
Turkish	750
Macedonian	30
Slovak	320
Khmer (Cambodian)	995
Swedish	315
Swahili	635
Norwegian	190
Lao	205
Malay-Bahasa	285
Serbian	525
Lithuanian	105
Estonian	135
Latvian (Lettish)	200
Bengali	640
Maltese	15
Flemish	75
Slovenian	195
Gaelic languages	195
Sinhalese	190
Montagnais-Naskapi	0
Serbo-Croatian	665
Thai	190
Micmac	10
Blackfoot	0
Bulgarian	320
Malayalam	150
Dakota/Sioux	0
South Slave	0
Icelandic	15
Nishga	0
Frisian	25
Chipewyan	0
Kutchin-Gwich'in (Loucheux)	0
Tlingit	0
Dogrib	0
Kurdish	330
Pashto	190
Other languages ^{Footnote 46}	10,775
Total population by Aboriginal groups and non-Aboriginal population (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 47}	318,990
Total Aboriginal population	3,460
North American Indian single response ^{Footnote 48}	2,265
Métis single response	890
Inuit single response	160
Multiple Aboriginal responses	50
Other Aboriginal response ^{Footnote 49}	90
Total non-Aboriginal population	315,525
Total population by ethnic origin (single and multiple responses) (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 50}	318,990
Total population - Single responses ^{Footnote 51}	179,960
Total population - Multiple responses ^{Footnote 52}	139,035
Canadian - Total responses ^{Footnote 53}	74,680
Canadian - Single responses ^{Footnote 54}	29,825
Canadian - Multiple responses ^{Footnote 55}	44,855
French - Total responses	74,070
French - Single responses	21,430
French - Multiple responses	52,640
English - Total responses	85,310
English - Single responses	21,430
English - Multiple responses	63,880
Chinese - Total responses ^{Footnote 56}	10,375
Chinese - Single responses ^{Footnote 57}	8,795
Chinese - Multiple responses ^{Footnote 58}	1,580
Italian - Total responses	13,680
Italian - Single responses	7,515
Italian - Multiple responses	6,160
German - Total responses	23,725
German - Single responses	3,780
German - Multiple responses	19,945
Scottish - Total responses	59,725
Scottish - Single responses	7,325
Scottish - Multiple responses	52,400
Irish - Total responses	65,420
Irish - Single responses	9,295
Irish - Multiple responses	56,120
East Indian - Total responses ^{Footnote 59}	5,250
East Indian - Single responses ^{Footnote 60}	3,775
East Indian - Multiple responses ^{Footnote 61}	1,480
North American Indian - Total responses	7,235
North American Indian - Single responses	1,080
North American Indian - Multiple responses	6,155
Ukrainian - Total responses	6,385
Ukrainian - Single responses	1,740
Ukrainian - Multiple responses	4,645
Dutch (Netherlands) - Total responses ^{Footnote 62}	7,790
Dutch (Netherlands) - Single responses ^{Footnote 63}	1,985
Dutch (Netherlands) - Multiple responses ^{Footnote 64}	5,800
Polish - Total responses	9,095
Polish - Single responses	3,545
Polish - Multiple responses	5,550
Portuguese - Total responses	2,790
Portuguese - Single responses	1,990
Portuguese - Multiple responses	805
Filipino - Total responses	1,540
Filipino - Single responses	1,185
Filipino - Multiple responses	355
Jewish - Total responses	6,410
Jewish - Single responses	2,885
Jewish - Multiple responses	3,525
Greek - Total responses	2,475
Greek - Single responses	1,670
Greek - Multiple responses	800
Jamaican - Total responses ^{Footnote 65}	3,465
Jamaican - Single responses ^{Footnote 66}	2,435
Jamaican - Multiple responses ^{Footnote 67}	1,030
Vietnamese - Total responses	3,605
Vietnamese - Single responses	3,125
Vietnamese - Multiple responses	480
Hungarian (Magyar) - Total responses	2,605
Hungarian (Magyar) - Single responses	1,110
Hungarian (Magyar) - Multiple responses	1,495
Lebanese - Total responses	10,125
Lebanese - Single responses	8,565
Lebanese - Multiple responses	1,560
Spanish - Total responses	3,620
Spanish - Single responses	1,465
Spanish - Multiple responses	2,155
Haitian - Total responses ^{Footnote 68}	1,990
Haitian - Single responses ^{Footnote 69}	1,785
Haitian - Multiple responses ^{Footnote 70}	200
Korean - Total responses	350
Korean - Single responses	295
Korean - Multiple responses	55
Québécois - Total responses	155
Québécois - Single responses	55
Québécois - Multiple responses	95
Croatian - Total responses	990
Croatian - Single responses	555
Croatian - Multiple responses	430
Iranian - Total responses	1,885
Iranian - Single responses	1,575
Iranian - Multiple responses	305
Japanese - Total responses	855
Japanese - Single responses	540
Japanese - Multiple responses	315
Métis - Total responses	1,395
Métis - Single responses	70
Métis - Multiple responses	1,320
Norwegian - Total responses	1,770
Norwegian - Single responses	140
Norwegian - Multiple responses	1,630
Russian - Total responses	3,030
Russian - Single responses	815
Russian - Multiple responses	2,215
British, n.i.e. - Total responses ^{Footnote 71}	3,545
British, n.i.e. - Single responses ^{Footnote 72}	1,040
British, n.i.e. - Multiple responses ^{Footnote 73}	2,500
Romanian - Total responses	1,375
Romanian - Single responses	560
Romanian - Multiple responses	815
Danish - Total responses	1,475
Danish - Single responses	270
Danish - Multiple responses	1,200
Finnish - Total responses	950
Finnish - Single responses	205
Finnish - Multiple responses	750
Inuit - Total responses	240
Inuit - Single responses	75
Inuit - Multiple responses	165
Arab, n.i.e. - Total responses ^{Footnote 74}	2,120
Arab, n.i.e. - Single responses ^{Footnote 75}	1,520
Arab, n.i.e. - Multiple responses ^{Footnote 76}	600
Sri Lankan - Total responses	360
Sri Lankan - Single responses	185
Sri Lankan - Multiple responses	175
Belgian - Total responses	1,090
Belgian - Single responses	180
Belgian - Multiple responses	910
West Indian - Total responses ^{Footnote 77}	825
West Indian - Single responses ^{Footnote 78}	380
West Indian - Multiple responses ^{Footnote 79}	445
Swedish - Total responses	1,840
Swedish - Single responses	200
Swedish - Multiple responses	1,640
Punjabi - Total responses	245
Punjabi - Single responses	140
Punjabi - Multiple responses	110
African (Black), n.i.e. - Total responses ^{Footnote 80}	2,030
African (Black), n.i.e. - Single responses ^{Footnote 81}	995
African (Black), n.i.e. - Multiple responses ^{Footnote 82}	1,035
Serbian - Total responses	645
Serbian - Single responses	440
Serbian - Multiple responses	200
Somali - Total responses ^{Footnote 83}	5,585
Somali - Single responses ^{Footnote 84}	5,450
Somali - Multiple responses ^{Footnote 85}	135
Austrian - Total responses	1,715
Austrian - Single responses	295
Austrian - Multiple responses	1,420
Yugoslav, n.i.e. - Total responses ^{Footnote 86}	700
Yugoslav, n.i.e. - Single responses ^{Footnote 87}	345
Yugoslav, n.i.e. - Multiple responses ^{Footnote 88}	360
Black - Total responses ^{Footnote 89}	610
Black - Single responses ^{Footnote 90}	370
Black - Multiple responses ^{Footnote 91}	245
Welsh - Total responses	5,165
Welsh - Single responses	310
Welsh - Multiple responses	4,855
Pakistani - Total responses	580
Pakistani - Single responses	450
Pakistani - Multiple responses	130
South Asian, n.i.e. - Total responses ^{Footnote 92}	285
South Asian, n.i.e. - Single responses ^{Footnote 93}	245
South Asian, n.i.e. - Multiple responses ^{Footnote 94}	35
Armenian - Total responses	290
Armenian - Single responses	175
Armenian - Multiple responses	110
Czech - Total responses	955
Czech - Single responses	375
Czech - Multiple responses	580
Egyptian - Total responses	735
Egyptian - Single responses	415
Egyptian - Multiple responses	315
Chilean - Total responses	310
Chilean - Single responses	185
Chilean - Multiple responses	130
Swiss - Total responses	1,220
Swiss - Single responses	205
Swiss - Multiple responses	1,010
Trinidadian/Tobagonian - Total responses ^{Footnote 95}	680
Trinidadian/Tobagonian - Single responses ^{Footnote 96}	285
Trinidadian/Tobagonian - Multiple responses ^{Footnote 97}	395
Guyanese - Total responses ^{Footnote 98}	285
Guyanese - Single responses ^{Footnote 99}	120
Guyanese - Multiple responses ^{Footnote 100}	160
American - Total responses	2,635
American - Single responses	205
American - Multiple responses	2,425
Latin/Central/South American, n.i.e. - Total responses ^{Footnote 101}	660
Latin/Central/South American, n.i.e. - Single responses ^{Footnote 102}	510
Latin/Central/South American, n.i.e. - Multiple responses ^{Footnote 103}	155
Slovak - Total responses	610
Slovak - Single responses	275
Slovak - Multiple responses	330
Salvadorean - Total responses	855
Salvadorean - Single responses	750
Salvadorean - Multiple responses	110
Macedonian - Total responses	65
Macedonian - Single responses	30
Macedonian - Multiple responses	40
Acadian - Total responses	695
Acadian - Single responses	145
Acadian - Multiple responses	545
Tamil - Total responses	315
Tamil - Single responses	185
Tamil - Multiple responses	135
Cambodian - Total responses	1,125
Cambodian - Single responses	965
Cambodian - Multiple responses	160
Slovenian - Total responses	320
Slovenian - Single responses	145
Slovenian - Multiple responses	175
Maltese - Total responses	100
Maltese - Single responses	45
Maltese - Multiple responses	50
Laotian - Total responses	200
Laotian - Single responses	180
Laotian - Multiple responses	20
Ethiopian - Total responses ^{Footnote 104}	1,655
Ethiopian - Single responses ^{Footnote 105}	1,405
Ethiopian - Multiple responses ^{Footnote 106}	255
Ghanaian - Total responses ^{Footnote 107}	275
Ghanaian - Single responses ^{Footnote 108}	230
Ghanaian - Multiple responses ^{Footnote 109}	45
Lithuanian - Total responses	555
Lithuanian - Single responses	115
Lithuanian - Multiple responses	445
Afghan - Total responses	435
Afghan - Single responses	430
Afghan - Multiple responses	0
Icelandic - Total responses	355
Icelandic - Single responses	40
Icelandic - Multiple responses	310
Estonian - Total responses	375
Estonian - Single responses	120
Estonian - Multiple responses	255
Turk - Total responses	565
Turk - Single responses	350
Turk - Multiple responses	220
Latvian - Total responses	390
Latvian - Single responses	160
Latvian - Multiple responses	225
Barbadian - Total responses ^{Footnote 110}	405
Barbadian - Single responses ^{Footnote 111}	160
Barbadian - Multiple responses ^{Footnote 112}	240
Syrian - Total responses	575
Syrian - Single responses	340
Syrian - Multiple responses	230
Czechoslovakian - Total responses ^{Footnote 113}	230
Czechoslovakian - Single responses ^{Footnote 114}	50
Czechoslovakian - Multiple responses ^{Footnote 115}	180
Mexican - Total responses	340
Mexican - Single responses	150
Mexican - Multiple responses	195
Peruvian - Total responses	225
Peruvian - Single responses	100
Peruvian - Multiple responses	120
Moroccan - Total responses	240
Moroccan - Single responses	160
Moroccan - Multiple responses	75
Iraqi - Total responses	590
Iraqi - Single responses	485
Iraqi - Multiple responses	100
Bosnian - Total responses	195
Bosnian - Single responses	140
Bosnian - Multiple responses	50
Palestinian - Total responses	520
Palestinian - Single responses	370
Palestinian - Multiple responses	155
Scandinavian, n.i.e. - Total responses ^{Footnote 116}	285
Scandinavian, n.i.e. - Single responses ^{Footnote 117}	60
Scandinavian, n.i.e. - Multiple responses ^{Footnote 118}	225
Caribbean, n.i.e. - Total responses ^{Footnote 119}	295
Caribbean, n.i.e. - Single responses ^{Footnote 120}	135
Caribbean, n.i.e. - Multiple responses ^{Footnote 121}	160
European, n.i.e. - Total responses ^{Footnote 122}	165
European, n.i.e. - Single responses ^{Footnote 123}	60
European, n.i.e. - Multiple responses ^{Footnote 124}	100
Bulgarian - Total responses	490
Bulgarian - Single responses	270
Bulgarian - Multiple responses	220
Guatemalan - Total responses	240
Guatemalan - Single responses	185
Guatemalan - Multiple responses	60
Bangladeshi - Total responses	150
Bangladeshi - Single responses	140
Bangladeshi - Multiple responses	15
Taiwanese - Total responses ^{Footnote 125}	100
Taiwanese - Single responses ^{Footnote 126}	75
Taiwanese - Multiple responses ^{Footnote 127}	20
Colombian - Total responses	190
Colombian - Single responses	105
Colombian - Multiple responses	90
Eritrean - Total responses ^{Footnote 128}	655
Eritrean - Single responses ^{Footnote 129}	565
Eritrean - Multiple responses ^{Footnote 130}	90
Fijian - Total responses	10
Fijian - Single responses	0
Fijian - Multiple responses	0
Ecuadorian - Total responses	60
Ecuadorian - Single responses	15
Ecuadorian - Multiple responses	45
Algerian - Total responses	85
Algerian - Single responses	45
Algerian - Multiple responses	40
Nigerian - Total responses ^{Footnote 131}	260
Nigerian - Single responses ^{Footnote 132}	155
Nigerian - Multiple responses ^{Footnote 133}	105
Hispanic - Total responses	40
Hispanic - Single responses	35
Hispanic - Multiple responses	10
Total - Total population by visible minority population	318,990
Total visible minority population ^{Footnote 134}	60,245
Black	18,425
South Asian	6,435
Chinese	9,595
Korean	330
Japanese	680
Southeast Asian	4,720
Filipino	1,415
Arab/West Asian	13,115
Latin American	4,020
Visible minority, n.i.e. ^{Footnote 135}	470
Multiple visible minority ^{Footnote 136}	1,035
All others ^{Footnote 137}	258,740
Total population 15 years and over by labour force activity (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 138}	266,250
In the labour force	171,635
Employed	153,310
Unemployed	18,325
Not in the labour force	94,615
Participation rate	64.5
Employment-population ratio	57.6
Unemployment rate	10.7
Total population 15-24 years by labour force activity (20% sample data)	42,265
In the labour force	27,900
Employed	22,415
Unemployed	5,485
Not in the labour force	14,370
Participation rate	66.0
Employment-population ratio	53.0
Unemployment rate	19.7
Total population 25 years and over by labour force activity (20% sample data)	223,980
In the labour force	143,740
Employed	130,900
Unemployed	12,840
Not in the labour force	80,245
Participation rate	64.2
Employment-population ratio	58.4
Unemployment rate	8.9
Males 15 years and over by labour force activity (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 139}	126,200
In the labour force	89,920
Employed	79,890
Unemployed	10,030
Not in the labour force	36,275
Participation rate	71.3
Employment-population ratio	63.3
Unemployment rate	11.2
Males 15-24 years by labour force activity (20% sample data)	20,965
In the labour force	13,760
Employed	10,790
Unemployed	2,970
Not in the labour force	7,205
Participation rate	65.6
Employment-population ratio	51.5
Unemployment rate	21.6
Males 25 years and over by labour force activity (20% sample data)	105,235
In the labour force	76,155
Employed	69,095
Unemployed	7,060
Not in the labour force	29,075
Participation rate	72.4
Employment-population ratio	65.7
Unemployment rate	9.3
Females 15 years and over by labour force activity (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 140}	140,055
In the labour force	81,720
Employed	73,425
Unemployed	8,290
Not in the labour force	58,335
Participation rate	58.3
Employment-population ratio	52.4
Unemployment rate	10.1
Females 15-24 years by labour force activity (20% sample data)	21,305
In the labour force	14,135
Employed	11,625
Unemployed	2,510
Not in the labour force	7,165
Participation rate	66.3
Employment-population ratio	54.6
Unemployment rate	17.8
Females 25 years and over by labour force activity (20% sample data)	118,750
In the labour force	67,575
Employed	61,800
Unemployed	5,780
Not in the labour force	51,170
Participation rate	56.9
Employment-population ratio	52.0
Unemployment rate	8.6
Population 15 years and over in private households by presence of children and labour force activity (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 141}	262,215
In the labour force	169,495
Employed	151,690
Unemployed	17,805
Not in the labour force	92,720
Participation rate	64.6
Employment-population ratio	57.8
Unemployment rate	10.5
Population 15 years and over in private households with no children at home	182,445
In the labour force	110,480
Employed	98,370
Unemployed	12,105
Not in the labour force	71,960
Participation rate	60.6
Employment-population ratio	53.9
Unemployment rate	11.0
Population 15 years and over in private households with children at home	79,770
In the labour force	59,015
Employed	53,320
Unemployed	5,695
Not in the labour force	20,755
Participation rate	74.0
Employment-population ratio	66.8
Unemployment rate	9.7
Population 15 years and over in private households with children under 6 years only	17,550
In the labour force	13,665
Employed	12,010
Unemployed	1,655
Not in the labour force	3,880
Participation rate	77.9
Employment-population ratio	68.4
Unemployment rate	12.1
Population 15 years and over in private households with children under 6 years and children 6 years and over	10,685
In the labour force	7,760
Employed	6,705
Unemployed	1,060
Not in the labour force	2,920
Participation rate	72.6
Employment-population ratio	62.8
Unemployment rate	13.7
Population 15 years and over in private households with children 6 years and over only	51,540
In the labour force	37,580
Employed	34,600
Unemployed	2,980
Not in the labour force	13,955
Participation rate	72.9
Employment-population ratio	67.1
Unemployment rate	7.9
Males 15 years and over in private households by presence of children and labour force activity (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 142}	123,940
In the labour force	88,555
Employed	78,920
Unemployed	9,630
Not in the labour force	35,390
Participation rate	71.4
Employment-population ratio	63.7
Unemployment rate	10.9
Males 15 years and over in private households with no children at home	89,560
In the labour force	59,730
Employed	52,405
Unemployed	7,320
Not in the labour force	29,835
Participation rate	66.7
Employment-population ratio	58.5
Unemployment rate	12.3
Males 15 years and over in private households with children at home	34,380
In the labour force	28,825
Employed	26,515
Unemployed	2,310
Not in the labour force	5,555
Participation rate	83.8
Employment-population ratio	77.1
Unemployment rate	8.0
Males 15 years and over in private households with children under 6 years only	7,790
In the labour force	7,235
Employed	6,535
Unemployed	705
Not in the labour force	550
Participation rate	92.9
Employment-population ratio	83.9
Unemployment rate	9.7
Males 15 years and over in private households with children under 6 years and children 6 years and over	4,785
In the labour force	4,260
Employed	3,760
Unemployed	495
Not in the labour force	525
Participation rate	89.0
Employment-population ratio	78.6
Unemployment rate	11.6
Males 15 years and over in private households with children 6 years and over only	21,810
In the labour force	17,330
Employed	16,220
Unemployed	1,115
Not in the labour force	4,475
Participation rate	79.5
Employment-population ratio	74.4
Unemployment rate	6.4
Females 15 years and over in private households by presence of children and labour force activity (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 143}	138,265
In the labour force	80,940
Employed	72,765
Unemployed	8,170
Not in the labour force	57,330
Participation rate	58.5
Employment-population ratio	52.6
Unemployment rate	10.1
Females 15 years and over in private households with no children at home	92,880
In the labour force	50,750
Employed	45,965
Unemployed	4,785
Not in the labour force	42,130
Participation rate	54.6
Employment-population ratio	49.5
Unemployment rate	9.4
Females 15 years and over in private households with children at home	45,385
In the labour force	30,190
Employed	26,805
Unemployed	3,385
Not in the labour force	15,200
Participation rate	66.5
Employment-population ratio	59.1
Unemployment rate	11.2
Females 15 years and over in private households with children under 6 years only	9,765
In the labour force	6,435
Employed	5,480
Unemployed	950
Not in the labour force	3,330
Participation rate	65.9
Employment-population ratio	56.1
Unemployment rate	14.8
Females 15 years and over in private households with children under 6 years and children 6 years and over	5,895
In the labour force	3,505
Employed	2,940
Unemployed	560
Not in the labour force	2,390
Participation rate	59.5
Employment-population ratio	49.9
Unemployment rate	16.0
Females 15 years and over in private households with children 6 years and over only	29,730
In the labour force	20,255
Employed	18,380
Unemployed	1,870
Not in the labour force	9,480
Participation rate	68.1
Employment-population ratio	61.8
Unemployment rate	9.2
Total labour force 15 years and over by industry divisions (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 144}	171,640
Industry - Not applicable ^{Footnote 145}	7,755
All industries ^{Footnote 146}	163,885
Division A - Agricultural and related service industries	605
Division B - Fishing and trapping industries	10
Division C - Logging and forestry industries	125
Division D - Mining (including milling), quarrying and oil well industries	55
Division E - Manufacturing industries	9,295
Division F - Construction industries	5,760
Division G - Transportation and storage industries	3,740
Division H - Communication and other utility industries	4,775
Division I - Wholesale trade industries	4,425
Division J - Retail trade industries	16,525
Division K - Finance and insurance industries	4,055
Division L - Real estate operator and insurance agent industries	3,625
Division M - Business service industries	20,395
Division N - Government service industries ^{Footnote 147}	32,010
Division O - Educational service industries	13,990
Division P - Health and social service industries ^{Footnote 148}	15,925
Division Q - Accommodation, food and beverage service industries	12,840
Division R - Other service industries ^{Footnote 149}	15,715
Total labour force 15 years and over by occupational broad categories and occupation major groups (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 150}	171,635
Occupation - Not applicable ^{Footnote 151}	7,750
All occupations ^{Footnote 152}	163,885
A Management occupations	19,240
A0 Senior management occupations	1,620
A1 Specialist managers	5,660
A2 Managers in retail trade, food and accommodation services	4,055
A3 Other managers n.e.c.	7,910
B Business, finance and administrative occupations	35,355
B0 Professional occupations in business and finance	4,645
B1 Finance and insurance administrative occupations	1,155
B2 Secretaries	3,870
B3 Administrative and regulatory occupations	3,895
B4 Clerical supervisors	1,820
B5 Clerical occupations	19,970
C Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	16,220
C0 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	11,920
C1 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	4,305
D Health occupations	8,305
D0 Professional occupations in health	2,550
D1 Nurse supervisors and registered nurses	2,430
D2 Technical and related occupations in health	1,670
D3 Assisting occupations in support of health services	1,650
E Occupations in social science, education, government service and religion	17,985
E0 Judges, lawyers, psychologists, social workers, ministers of religion, and policy and program officers	7,995
E1 Teachers and professors	8,195
E2 Paralegals, social services workers and occupations in education and religion n.e.c.	1,795
F Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	9,010
F0 Professional occupations in art and culture	5,470
F1 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	3,545
G Sales and service occupations	42,510
G0 Sales and service supervisors	1,250
G1 Wholesale, technical, insurance, real estate sales specialists, and retail, wholesale and grain buyers	2,940
G2 Retail salespersons and sales clerks	5,970
G3 Cashiers	3,130
G4 Chefs and cooks	3,035
G5 Occupations in food and beverage service	3,700
G6 Occupations in protective services	3,125
G7 Occupations in travel and accommodation including attendants in recreation and sport	1,425
G8 Childcare and home support workers	4,375
G9 Sales and service occupations n.e.c.	13,550
H Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	11,145
H0 Contractors and supervisors in trades and transportation	920
H1 Construction trades	2,110
H2 Stationary engineers, power station operators and electrical trades and telecommunications occupations	665
H3 Machinists, metal forming, shaping and erecting occupations	155
H4 Mechanics	1,420
H5 Other trades n.e.c.	975
H6 Heavy equipment and crane operators including drillers	275
H7 Transportation equipment operators and related workers, excluding labourers	2,965
H8 Trades helpers, construction, and transportation labourers and related occupations	1,650
I Occupations unique to primary industry	1,130
I0 Occupations unique to agriculture excluding labourers	410
I1 Occupations unique to forestry operations, mining, oil and gas extraction, and fishing, excluding labourers	10
I2 Primary production labourers	710
J Occupations unique to processing, manufacturing and utilities	2,980
J0 Supervisors in manufacturing	225
J1 Machine operators in manufacturing	1,230
J2 Assemblers in manufacturing	1,115
J3 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	400
Male labour force 15 years and over by occupational broad categories and occupation major groups (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 153}	89,920
Occupation - Not applicable ^{Footnote 154}	4,095
All occupations ^{Footnote 155}	85,820
A Management occupations	11,765
A0 Senior management occupations	1,185
A1 Specialist managers	3,355
A2 Managers in retail trade, food and accommodation services	2,570
A3 Other managers n.e.c.	4,660
B Business, finance and administrative occupations	12,850
B0 Professional occupations in business and finance	2,580
B1 Finance and insurance administrative occupations	330
B2 Secretaries	220
B3 Administrative and regulatory occupations	1,315
B4 Clerical supervisors	825
B5 Clerical occupations	7,570
C Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	12,505
C0 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	9,180
C1 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	3,320
D Health occupations	2,260
D0 Professional occupations in health	1,250
D1 Nurse supervisors and registered nurses	205
D2 Technical and related occupations in health	425
D3 Assisting occupations in support of health services	380
E Occupations in social science, education, government service and religion	8,300
E0 Judges, lawyers, psychologists, social workers, ministers of religion, and policy and program officers	4,260
E1 Teachers and professors	3,470
E2 Paralegals, social services workers and occupations in education and religion n.e.c.	570
F Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	4,195
F0 Professional occupations in art and culture	2,445
F1 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,745
G Sales and service occupations	20,820
G0 Sales and service supervisors	755
G1 Wholesale, technical, insurance, real estate sales specialists, and retail, wholesale and grain buyers	1,925
G2 Retail salespersons and sales clerks	2,570
G3 Cashiers	635
G4 Chefs and cooks	2,340
G5 Occupations in food and beverage service	1,420
G6 Occupations in protective services	2,530
G7 Occupations in travel and accommodation including attendants in recreation and sport	700
G8 Childcare and home support workers	305
G9 Sales and service occupations n.e.c.	7,645
H Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	10,360
H0 Contractors and supervisors in trades and transportation	835
H1 Construction trades	2,065
H2 Stationary engineers, power station operators and electrical trades and telecommunications occupations	610
H3 Machinists, metal forming, shaping and erecting occupations	150
H4 Mechanics	1,355
H5 Other trades n.e.c.	710
H6 Heavy equipment and crane operators including drillers	275
H7 Transportation equipment operators and related workers, excluding labourers	2,790
H8 Trades helpers, construction, and transportation labourers and related occupations	1,565
I Occupations unique to primary industry	880
I0 Occupations unique to agriculture excluding labourers	310
I1 Occupations unique to forestry operations, mining, oil and gas extraction, and fishing, excluding labourers	15
I2 Primary production labourers	565
J Occupations unique to processing, manufacturing and utilities	1,875
J0 Supervisors in manufacturing	150
J1 Machine operators in manufacturing	690
J2 Assemblers in manufacturing	760
J3 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	275
Female labour force 15 years and over by occupational broad categories and occupation major groups (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 156}	81,715
Occupation - Not applicable ^{Footnote 157}	3,655
All occupations ^{Footnote 158}	78,060
A Management occupations	7,475
A0 Senior management occupations	435
A1 Specialist managers	2,300
A2 Managers in retail trade, food and accommodation services	1,485
A3 Other managers n.e.c.	3,255
B Business, finance and administrative occupations	22,505
B0 Professional occupations in business and finance	2,065
B1 Finance and insurance administrative occupations	825
B2 Secretaries	3,645
B3 Administrative and regulatory occupations	2,575
B4 Clerical supervisors	990
B5 Clerical occupations	12,400
C Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	3,715
C0 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	2,735
C1 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	980
D Health occupations	6,045
D0 Professional occupations in health	1,305
D1 Nurse supervisors and registered nurses	2,225
D2 Technical and related occupations in health	1,245
D3 Assisting occupations in support of health services	1,275
E Occupations in social science, education, government service and religion	9,680
E0 Judges, lawyers, psychologists, social workers, ministers of religion, and policy and program officers	3,735
E1 Teachers and professors	4,725
E2 Paralegals, social services workers and occupations in education and religion n.e.c.	1,220
F Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	4,815
F0 Professional occupations in art and culture	3,020
F1 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,795
G Sales and service occupations	21,690
G0 Sales and service supervisors	495
G1 Wholesale, technical, insurance, real estate sales specialists, and retail, wholesale and grain buyers	1,015
G2 Retail salespersons and sales clerks	3,405
G3 Cashiers	2,495
G4 Chefs and cooks	700
G5 Occupations in food and beverage service	2,280
G6 Occupations in protective services	600
G7 Occupations in travel and accommodation including attendants in recreation and sport	725
G8 Childcare and home support workers	4,075
G9 Sales and service occupations n.e.c.	5,910
H Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	785
H0 Contractors and supervisors in trades and transportation	80
H1 Construction trades	45
H2 Stationary engineers, power station operators and electrical trades and telecommunications occupations	60
H3 Machinists, metal forming, shaping and erecting occupations	10
H4 Mechanics	70
H5 Other trades n.e.c.	265
H6 Heavy equipment and crane operators including drillers	0
H7 Transportation equipment operators and related workers, excluding labourers	175
H8 Trades helpers, construction, and transportation labourers and related occupations	80
I Occupations unique to primary industry	250
I0 Occupations unique to agriculture excluding labourers	100
I1 Occupations unique to forestry operations, mining, oil and gas extraction, and fishing, excluding labourers	0
I2 Primary production labourers	150
J Occupations unique to processing, manufacturing and utilities	1,100
J0 Supervisors in manufacturing	80
J1 Machine operators in manufacturing	535
J2 Assemblers in manufacturing	360
J3 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	125
Total labour force 15 years and over by class of worker (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 159}	171,640
Class of worker - Not applicable ^{Footnote 160}	7,755
All classes of worker ^{Footnote 161}	163,880
Paid workers	150,360
Employees	145,340
Self-employed (incorporated)	5,020
Without paid help	2,080
With paid help	2,945
Self-employed (unincorporated)	13,175
Without paid help	9,525
With paid help	3,650
Unpaid family workers	350
Male labour force 15 years and over by class of worker (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 162}	89,920
Class of worker - Not applicable ^{Footnote 163}	4,100
All classes of worker ^{Footnote 164}	85,825
Paid workers	77,815
Employees	73,925
Self-employed (incorporated)	3,895
Without paid help	1,630
With paid help	2,265
Self-employed (unincorporated)	7,905
Without paid help	5,365
With paid help	2,535
Unpaid family workers	105
Female labour force 15 years and over by class of worker (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 165}	81,715
Class of worker - Not applicable ^{Footnote 166}	3,655
All classes of worker ^{Footnote 167}	78,060
Paid workers	72,540
Employees	71,415
Self-employed (incorporated)	1,125
Without paid help	450
With paid help	675
Self-employed (unincorporated)	5,275
Without paid help	4,160
With paid help	1,110
Unpaid family workers	245
Population 15 years and over by hours of unpaid housework (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 168}	266,250
No hours of housework	27,875
Less than 5 hours of housework	65,565
5 to 14 hours of housework	92,440
15 to 29 hours of housework	48,770
30 to 59 hours of housework	23,135
60 or more hours of housework	8,455
Males 15 years and over by hours of unpaid housework (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 169}	126,195
No hours of housework	17,055
Less than 5 hours of housework	39,665
5 to 14 hours of housework	45,805
15 to 29 hours of housework	16,870
30 to 59 hours of housework	5,410
60 or more hours of housework	1,385
Females 15 years and over by hours of unpaid housework (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 170}	140,050
No hours of housework	10,815
Less than 5 hours of housework	25,900
5 to 14 hours of housework	46,635
15 to 29 hours of housework	31,900
30 to 59 hours of housework	17,725
60 or more hours of housework	7,070
Population 15 years and over by hours of unpaid childcare (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 171}	266,250
No hours of childcare	185,740
Less than 5 hours of childcare	21,160
5 to 14 hours of childcare	20,905
15 to 29 hours of childcare	14,630
30 to 59 hours of childcare	11,635
60 or more hours of childcare	12,180
Males 15 years and over by hours of unpaid childcare (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 172}	126,200
No hours of childcare	92,345
Less than 5 hours of childcare	10,595
5 to 14 hours of childcare	10,290
15 to 29 hours of childcare	6,835
30 to 59 hours of childcare	3,995
60 or more hours of childcare	2,125
Females 15 years and over by hours of unpaid childcare (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 173}	140,050
No hours of childcare	93,390
Less than 5 hours of childcare	10,555
5 to 14 hours of childcare	10,615
15 to 29 hours of childcare	7,795
30 to 59 hours of childcare	7,640
60 or more hours of childcare	10,050
Population 15 years and over by hours of unpaid care to seniors (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 174}	266,250
No hours of care to seniors	224,890
Less than 5 hours of care to seniors	26,275
5 to 9 hours of care to seniors	8,895
10 or more hours of care to seniors	6,195
Males 15 years and over by hours of unpaid care to seniors (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 175}	126,195
No hours of care to seniors	110,100
Less than 5 hours of care to seniors	10,840
5 to 9 hours of care to seniors	3,105
10 or more hours of care to seniors	2,155
Females 15 years and over by hours of unpaid care to seniors (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 176}	140,050
No hours of care to seniors	114,790
Less than 5 hours of care to seniors	15,435
5 to 9 hours of care to seniors	5,790
10 or more hours of care to seniors	4,035
Total employed labour force 15 years and over by place of work status (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 177}	153,315
Males	79,890
Usual place of work	68,040
At home	4,695
Outside Canada	790
No fixed workplace	6,365
Females	73,425
Usual place of work	65,445
At home	4,800
Outside Canada	515
No fixed workplace	2,660
Total employed labour force 15 years and over by mode of transportation (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 178}	142,510
Males with usual place of work or no fixed workplace	74,400
Car, truck, van as driver	42,500
Car, truck, van as passenger	3,545
Public transit	14,175
Walked to work	9,460
Bicycle	3,925
Motorcycle	190
Taxicab	165
Other method	440
Females with usual place of work or no fixed workplace	68,105
Car, truck, van as driver	28,830
Car, truck, van as passenger	7,405
Public transit	18,975
Walked to work	10,735
Bicycle	1,695
Motorcycle	10
Taxicab	110
Other method	340
Total population, 15 to 24 years by school attendance (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 179}	42,270
Not attending school	11,540
Attending school full-time	27,335
Attending school part-time	3,395
Total population 15 years and over by highest level of schooling (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 180}	266,250
Less than grade 9 ^{Footnote 181}	20,575
Grades 9 to 13	76,025
Without secondary school graduation certificate	43,260
With secondary school graduation certificate	32,765
Trades certificate or diploma	5,630
Other non-university education only ^{Footnote 182}	53,420
Without certificate or diploma	15,985
With certificate or diploma ^{Footnote 183}	37,440
University	110,595
Without degree	35,545
Without certificate or diploma	20,060
With certificate or diploma ^{Footnote 184}	15,485
With bachelor's degree or higher	75,050
Males with postsecondary qualifications by major field of study (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 185}	66,225
Educational, recreational and counselling services	2,505
Fine and applied arts	2,150
Humanities and related fields	6,425
Social sciences and related fields	11,650
Commerce, management and business administration	10,935
Agricultural and biological sciences/technologies	2,695
Engineering and applied sciences	8,030
Engineering and applied science technologies and trades	12,830
Health professions, sciences and technologies	3,240
Mathematics and physical sciences	5,695
No specialization and all other, n.e.c.	75
Females with postsecondary qualifications by major field of study (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 186}	67,380
Educational, recreational and counselling services	8,205
Fine and applied arts	4,395
Humanities and related fields	9,405
Social sciences and related fields	11,475
Commerce, management and business administration	15,180
Agricultural and biological sciences/technologies	2,450
Engineering and applied sciences	1,460
Engineering and applied science technologies and trades	2,010
Health professions, sciences and technologies	10,335
Mathematics and physical sciences	2,385
No specialization and all other, n.e.c.	75
Total by mobility status 1 year ago (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 187}	314,120
Non-movers	248,205
Movers	65,910
Non-migrants	43,510
Migrants	22,405
Internal migrants	17,760
Intraprovincial migrants	11,465
Interprovincial migrants	6,300
External migrants	4,645
Total by mobility status 5 years ago (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 188}	299,145
Non-movers	145,550
Movers	153,590
Non-migrants	85,150
Migrants	68,435
Internal migrants	47,685
Intraprovincial migrants	29,030
Interprovincial migrants	18,655
External migrants	20,750
All persons with employment income by work activity (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 189}	170,530
Average employment income $	29,769
Standard error of average employment income $	147
Worked full year, full time ^{Footnote 190}	89,655
Average employment income $	42,722
Standard error of average employment income $	208
Worked part year or part time ^{Footnote 191}	76,740
Average employment income $	15,455
Standard error of average employment income $	161
Males with employment income by work activity (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 192}	88,425
Average employment income $	33,994
Standard error of average employment income $	238
Worked full year, full time ^{Footnote 193}	50,115
Average employment income $	47,035
Standard error of average employment income $	326
Worked part year or part time ^{Footnote 194}	36,380
Average employment income $	17,070
Standard error of average employment income $	270
Females with employment income by work activity (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 195}	82,100
Average employment income $	25,218
Standard error of average employment income $	161
Worked full year, full time ^{Footnote 196}	39,540
Average employment income $	37,255
Standard error of average employment income $	216
Worked part year or part time ^{Footnote 197}	40,355
Average employment income $	13,998
Standard error of average employment income $	184
Total - Composition of total income % (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 198}	100.0
Employment income %	69.8
Government transfer payments %	13.0
Other %	17.2
Total income of population 15 years and over (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 199}	266,250
Without income	15,085
With income	251,160
Under $1,000 ^{Footnote 200}	12,430
$ 1,000 - $ 2,999	10,460
$ 3,000 - $ 4,999	9,470
$ 5,000 - $ 6,999	11,540
$ 7,000 - $ 9,999	18,770
$10,000 - $11,999	14,430
$12,000 - $14,999	18,005
$15,000 - $19,999	23,220
$20,000 - $24,999	19,205
$25,000 - $29,999	18,405
$30,000 - $34,999	17,765
$35,000 - $39,999	13,775
$40,000 - $44,999	12,330
$45,000 - $49,999	9,620
$50,000 - $59,999	14,955
$60,000 and over	26,785
Average income $ ^{Footnote 201}	28,960
Median income $ ^{Footnote 202}	21,547
Standard error of average income $ ^{Footnote 203}	130
Total income of males 15 years and over (20% sample data)	126,195
Without income	5,015
With income	121,180
Under $1,000 ^{Footnote 204}	6,100
$ 1,000 - $ 2,999	4,455
$ 3,000 - $ 4,999	3,890
$ 5,000 - $ 6,999	5,025
$ 7,000 - $ 9,999	8,180
$10,000 - $11,999	5,510
$12,000 - $14,999	6,895
$15,000 - $19,999	9,545
$20,000 - $24,999	8,315
$25,000 - $29,999	8,265
$30,000 - $34,999	8,225
$35,000 - $39,999	6,985
$40,000 - $44,999	6,790
$45,000 - $49,999	5,480
$50,000 - $59,999	8,800
$60,000 and over	18,705
Average income $ ^{Footnote 205}	34,128
Median income $ ^{Footnote 206}	26,257
Standard error of average income $ ^{Footnote 207}	230
Total income of females 15 years and over (20% sample data)	140,050
Without income	10,070
With income	129,980
Under $1,000 ^{Footnote 208}	6,330
$ 1,000 - $ 2,999	6,005
$ 3,000 - $ 4,999	5,580
$ 5,000 - $ 6,999	6,515
$ 7,000 - $ 9,999	10,590
$10,000 - $11,999	8,915
$12,000 - $14,999	11,105
$15,000 - $19,999	13,670
$20,000 - $24,999	10,890
$25,000 - $29,999	10,140
$30,000 - $34,999	9,535
$35,000 - $39,999	6,790
$40,000 - $44,999	5,540
$45,000 - $49,999	4,140
$50,000 - $59,999	6,150
$60,000 and over	8,075
Average income $ ^{Footnote 209}	24,142
Median income $ ^{Footnote 210}	18,264
Standard error of average income $ ^{Footnote 211}	123
Census family income of all families (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 212}	79,020
Under $10,000 ^{Footnote 213}	4,295
$ 10,000 - $19,999	9,020
$ 20,000 - $29,999	8,815
$ 30,000 - $39,999	8,130
$ 40,000 - $49,999	8,110
$ 50,000 - $59,999	7,655
$ 60,000 - $69,999	6,735
$ 70,000 - $79,999	5,520
$ 80,000 - $89,999	4,795
$ 90,000 - $99,999	3,375
$100,000 and over	12,560
Average family income $	61,452
Median family income $	51,553
Standard error of average family income $	376
Census family income of husband-wife families (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 214}	63,480
Under $10,000 ^{Footnote 215}	2,295
$ 10,000 - $19,999	4,680
$ 20,000 - $29,999	6,290
$ 30,000 - $39,999	6,150
$ 40,000 - $49,999	6,865
$ 50,000 - $59,999	6,560
$ 60,000 - $69,999	5,840
$ 70,000 - $79,999	4,990
$ 80,000 - $89,999	4,480
$ 90,000 - $99,999	3,200
$100,000 and over	12,125
Average family income $	68,194
Median family income $	58,119
Standard error of average family income $	433
All census families (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 216}	79,020
Average family income $	61,452
Standard error of average family income $	376
Husband-wife families	63,475
Average family income $	68,194
Standard error of average family income $	433
Male lone-parent families	2,265
Average family income $	49,122
Standard error of average family income $	2,138
Female lone-parent families	13,275
Average family income $	31,319
Standard error of average family income $	461
Total income of non-family persons 15 years and over (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 217}	87,115
Under $1,000 ^{Footnote 218}	4,500
$ 1,000 - $ 2,999	2,415
$ 3,000 - $ 4,999	2,635
$ 5,000 - $ 6,999	3,650
$ 7,000 - $ 9,999	6,705
$10,000 - $11,999	6,830
$12,000 - $14,999	7,145
$15,000 - $19,999	8,615
$20,000 - $24,999	7,050
$25,000 - $29,999	6,640
$30,000 - $34,999	6,640
$35,000 - $39,999	5,140
$40,000 - $44,999	4,570
$45,000 - $49,999	3,250
$50,000 - $59,999	4,560
$60,000 and over	6,760
Average income $	26,730
Median income $	20,358
Standard error of average income $	236
Total income of male non-family persons 15 years and over (20% sample data)	39,930
Under $1,000 ^{Footnote 219}	2,235
$ 1,000 - $ 2,999	1,240
$ 3,000 - $ 4,999	1,360
$ 5,000 - $ 6,999	1,920
$ 7,000 - $ 9,999	3,705
$10,000 - $11,999	2,475
$12,000 - $14,999	2,570
$15,000 - $19,999	3,480
$20,000 - $24,999	2,895
$25,000 - $29,999	2,860
$30,000 - $34,999	2,825
$35,000 - $39,999	2,335
$40,000 - $44,999	2,270
$45,000 - $49,999	1,620
$50,000 - $59,999	2,270
$60,000 and over	3,870
Average income $	28,329
Median income $	21,277
Standard error of average income $	454
Total income of female non-family persons 15 years and over (20% sample data)	47,185
Under $1,000 ^{Footnote 220}	2,265
$ 1,000 - $ 2,999	1,175
$ 3,000 - $ 4,999	1,270
$ 5,000 - $ 6,999	1,730
$ 7,000 - $ 9,999	3,000
$10,000 - $11,999	4,355
$12,000 - $14,999	4,580
$15,000 - $19,999	5,135
$20,000 - $24,999	4,160
$25,000 - $29,999	3,780
$30,000 - $34,999	3,820
$35,000 - $39,999	2,805
$40,000 - $44,999	2,300
$45,000 - $49,999	1,625
$50,000 - $59,999	2,290
$60,000 and over	2,890
Average income $	25,377
Median income $	20,085
Standard error of average income $	207
Total - Economic families (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 221}	81,055
Low income	17,835
Other	63,220
Incidence of low income % ^{Footnote 222}	22.0
Total - Unattached individuals (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 223}	76,550
Low income	31,825
Other	44,725
Incidence of low income % ^{Footnote 224}	41.6
Total - Population in private households (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 225}	314,385
Low income	88,945
Other	225,445
Incidence of low income % ^{Footnote 226}	28.3
Household income of all private households (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 227}	142,115
Under $10,000 ^{Footnote 228}	12,305
$ 10,000 - $19,999	23,200
$ 20,000 - $29,999	18,235
$ 30,000 - $39,999	17,050
$ 40,000 - $49,999	15,450
$ 50,000 - $59,999	12,445
$ 60,000 - $69,999	10,205
$ 70,000 - $79,999	7,605
$ 80,000 - $89,999	6,245
$ 90,000 - $99,999	4,355
$100,000 and over	15,025
Average household income $	50,554
Median household income $	40,185
Standard error of average household income $	268
Household income of one person households (20% sample data)	51,230
Under $10,000 ^{Footnote 229}	7,620
$ 10,000 - $19,999	13,390
$ 20,000 - $29,999	8,060
$ 30,000 - $39,999	7,665
$ 40,000 - $49,999	5,600
$ 50,000 - $59,999	3,520
$ 60,000 - $69,999	2,380
$ 70,000 - $79,999	1,170
$ 80,000 - $89,999	605
$ 90,000 - $99,999	345
$100,000 and over	870
Average household income $	31,254
Median household income $	25,468
Standard error of average household income $	368
Household income of two or more person households (20% sample data)	90,885
Under $10,000 ^{Footnote 230}	4,685
$ 10,000 - $19,999	9,805
$ 20,000 - $29,999	10,175
$ 30,000 - $39,999	9,385
$ 40,000 - $49,999	9,855
$ 50,000 - $59,999	8,920
$ 60,000 - $69,999	7,820
$ 70,000 - $79,999	6,430
$ 80,000 - $89,999	5,645
$ 90,000 - $99,999	4,010
$100,000 and over	14,150
Average household income $	61,433
Median household income $	51,853
Standard error of average household income $	342
Total number of economic families in private households (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 231}	81,055
Size of economic family, 2 persons	40,625
Size of economic family, 3 persons	17,795
Size of economic family, 4 persons	14,240
Size of economic family, 5 or more persons	8,395
Total number of persons in economic families ^{Footnote 232}	237,840
Average number of persons per economic family	2.9
Total number of unattached individuals ^{Footnote 233}	76,670
Total number of census families in private households by number and status of family members in the labour force (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 234}	79,020
Number of now-married and common-law couple families	63,475
No member in the labour force	13,075
Some members in the labour force	50,410
One member only	12,265
Two or more members	38,145
Both spouses/partners in the labour force	35,335
Number of lone-parent families	15,540
No member in the labour force	3,750
Some members in the labour force	11,790
Parent in labour force	9,520
Total number of occupied private dwellings (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 235}	142,115
Average number of rooms per dwelling ^{Footnote 236}	5.3
Average number of bedrooms per dwelling ^{Footnote 237}	2.2
Average value of dwelling $ ^{Footnote 238}	175,846
Owned ^{Footnote 239}	57,115
Rented ^{Footnote 240}	85,000
Band housing	0
Regular maintenance only	92,175
Minor repairs ^{Footnote 241}	38,275
Major repairs ^{Footnote 242}	11,660
Period of construction, before 1946 ^{Footnote 243}	25,410
Period of construction, 1946-1960 ^{Footnote 244}	30,490
Period of construction, 1961-1970 ^{Footnote 245}	29,465
Period of construction, 1971-1980 ^{Footnote 246}	30,170
Period of construction, 1981-1990 ^{Footnote 247}	19,940
Period of construction, 1991-1996 ^{Footnote 248}	6,630
Total number of private households by household type (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 249}	142,115
One-family households	76,590
Multiple-family households	1,190
Non-family households	64,335
Number of persons in private households (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 250}	314,505
Average number of persons in private households	2.2
Tenant one-family households without additional persons	32,980
Average gross rent $ ^{Footnote 251}	677
Gross rent spending 30% or more of household income on shelter costs ^{Footnote 252}	35,195
Owner one-family households without additional persons	37,425
Average owner's major payments $ ^{Footnote 253}	887
Owner's major payments spending 30% or more of household income on shelter costs ^{Footnote 254}	8,710

Source: Statistics Canada, 1996 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 95F0179XDB.

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