1996 Census of Canada: Electronic Area Profiles

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Profile of Census Metropolitan Areas, Tracted Census Agglomerations and Census Subdivisions, 1996 Census

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Catalogue number :	95F0179XDB
Release date :	October 29, 1998
Topic :	Profile: All Variables
Data dimensions :	Geography (Geographic Index) Profile of CSD(1699)

Note

Updated March 17, 1999.

Area profiles contain data from the 100% database as well as the 20% sample database. The suppression rules for the 100% database differ from those used for the 20% sample database. For this reason, some geographic areas will show 100% data but the 20% sample data will be suppressed.

Persons living on Indian reserves and Indian settlements, who were enumerated with the 1996 Census Form 2D questionnaire, were not asked the citizenship and immigration questions. Consequently, data are not shown for lower geographic levels (one census tract, many census subdivisions and enumeration areas) that were reserves or settlements, when the majority of the people were enumerated with the 1996 Census Form 2D questionnaire. The data for these Indian reserves and settlements, however, will be included in the totals for larger geographic areas, such as census divisions.

Non-permanent Residents

In 1991 and 1996, the Census of Population enumerated both permanent and non-permanent residents of Canada. Non-permanent residents are persons who held a student or employment authorization, Minister's permit or who were refugee claimants, as well as family members living with them, at the time of the Census.

Prior to 1991, only permanent residents of Canada were included in the census. (The only exception to this occurred in 1941.) Non-permanent residents were considered foreign residents and were not enumerated.

Today in Canada, non-permanent residents make up a significant segment of the population, especially in several census metropolitan areas. Their presence can affect the demand for such government services as health care, schooling, employment programs and language training. The inclusion of non-permanent residents in the census facilitates comparisons with provincial and territorial statistics (marriages, divorces, births and deaths) which include this population. In addition, this inclusion of non-permanent residents brings Canadian practice closer to the UN recommendation that long-term residents (persons living in a country for one year or longer) be enumerated in the census.

According to the 1991 Census, there were 223,410 non-permanent residents in Canada, representing slightly less than 1% of the total population. There were fewer non-permanent residents in Canada at the time of the 1996 Census: 166,715 non-permanent residents or 0.6% of the total population in 1996.

Total population counts, as well as counts for all variables, are affected by this change in the census universe. Users should be especially careful when comparing data from 1991 or 1996 with data from previous censuses in geographic areas where there is a concentration of non-permanent residents. These include the major metropolitan areas in Ontario, Quebec and British Columbia.

Although every attempt has been made to enumerate non-permanent residents, factors such as language difficulties and the reluctance to complete a government form or understand the need to participate may have affected the enumeration of this population and resulted in undercounting.

Ethnic Origin Area Profile Description:

This table shows counts for the 100 most frequently reported ethnic origins in Canada, based on single response counts (persons who reported one ethnic origin only).

Respondents who reported one ethnic origin are included in the single response row. Respondents who reported more than one ethnic origin are included in the multiple response row for each ethnic group they reported. The total response row indicates the number of respondents who reported each ethnic origin.

Users should be careful when interpreting multiple response counts because respondents who reported more than one ethnic origin are counted in the multiple response row for each ethnic origin they reported. This table cannot be used to calculate the ethnic distribution of the population.

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere'. It is used to denote a residual ethnic grouping which contains either a very general ethnic response or several ethnic origins not included as separate groups within an ethnic category. For example, the group 'African (Black), n.i.e.' includes responses such as 'African', 'African Black', 'West African', 'Senegalese', 'Zimbabwean', 'Bantu', 'Zulu', etc.

Comparability of ethnic origin data between the 1996 Census and previous censuses has been affected by several factors, including changes in the question format, wording, examples (such as 'Canadian'), instructions and data processing, as well as by the social environment at the time of the census. The 1996 Census required that respondents write in their ethnic origin(s) on four write-in lines, whereas previous censuses provided the respondent with both mark-in categories and write-in lines.

For more information on ethnic origin, please refer to the 'User Guide: Ethnic Origin' in the electronic documentation supplied with this product. (C:\Rec96cen\Document\English\Other\Ethnic.txt)

Visible Minority Population Area Profile Description:

This table provides counts of the visible minority population as defined for employment equity purposes. The 1996 Census was the first census to ask a direct question to provide data on visible minorities. The data included in this table are obtained from the population group question (Question 19).

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour'. The mark-in groups, other than 'White', listed in the population group question are those that are likely to be members of a visible minority group.

For more information on the visible minority population, please refer to the 'User Guide: Visible Minority and Population Group' in the electronic documentation supplied with this product. (C:\Rec96cen\Document\English\Other\Pop.txt)

Note: For information on the comparability of Labour Force Activity data with those of previous censuses and with the Labour Force Survey, see Appendix E in the electronic documentation supplied with this product.

Data Quality Notes: Industry Divisions

Division N - Government Service Industries: The entire Government Service Industries Division is a difficult area to code. Census respondents tend to give the response 'government' for any number of administrative government or government-related activities. The classification calls for most government-related activities to be coded to divisions other than Government Service Industries. For example, road maintenance services or postal services are not coded to the Government Service Industries Division. For these industries and others of similar type, detailed descriptions are required for accurate coding. Detailed descriptions are often not given on Census questionnaires. Users should be cautious when dealing with estimates of the Government Service Industries Division taken from the Census.

Division P - Health and Social Service Industries and Division R - Other Service Industries are affected by changes in the instructions given to coders for the coding of 'babysitters'.

In 1986 and 1991, the instructions read:

- Babysitters who perform this task in their own home are coded to 979 - Other Personal and Household Services.
- Babysitters who perform childcare in another person's home (including live-in babysitters) are coded to 974 - Private Households.
- Babysitters who are employed by an agency are coded to 864 - Non-institutional Social Services.

In 1996, the instructions read:

- Babysitters who babysit in another person's home are coded to 979 - Other Personal and Household Services (e.g. this code would include teenagers doing babysitting for neighbours).
- Babysitters who take children into their own home are coded to 864 - Non-institutional Social Services.

Exceptions:
- Live-in babysitters/nannies who perform childcare in another person's home are coded to 974 - Private Households.
- Babysitters who are employed by an agency (whether or not they work in their own home) are coded to 979 - Other Personal and Household Services.

These instructions differ significantly. Only the live-in babysitters/nannies would receive the same code in 1991 and 1996. At the Division level, these revisions should lead to fewer respondents coded to Division R and more respondents coded to Divison P. Clients should be aware of these changes when trying to make comparisons of 1996 Census data to those from the 1986 and/or 1991 Censuses.

Data table

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Geography Geographic index

Geography = Hamilton, C
Profile of CSD(1699)	Values
Footnotes Footnote 1 Based on 1996 area. These figures have not been subjected to random rounding. Return to footnote 1 referrer Footnote 2 These figures have not been subjected to random rounding. Return to footnote 2 referrer Footnote 3 Age Refers to the age at last birthday (as of the census reference date, May 14, 1996). This variable is derived from date of birth. Sex Refers to the gender of the respondent. Return to footnote 3 referrer Footnote 4 Legal Marital Status Refers to the legal conjugal status of a person. The various responses are defined as follows: Legally married (and not separated) * Persons whose husband or wife is living, unless the couple is separated or a divorce has been obtained. Separated, but still legally married Persons currently married, but who are no longer living with their spouse (for any reason other than illness or work) and have not obtained a divorce. Divorced Persons who have obtained a legal divorce and who have not remarried. Widowed Persons who have lost their spouse through death and who have not remarried. Never married (single) Persons who have never married (including all persons less than 15 years of age) and persons whose marriage has been annulled and who have not remarried. * In 1996, Aboriginal people married according to traditional customs were instructed to report themselves as legally married. Return to footnote 4 referrer Footnote 5 Census Family Refers to a now-married couple (with or without never-married sons and/or daughters of either or both spouses), a couple living common-law (with or without never-married sons and/or daughters of either or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one never-married son or daughter living in the same dwelling. Return to footnote 5 referrer Footnote 6 Census Family Structure Refers to the classification of census families into families of now-married couples (with or without never-married sons or daughters of either or both spouses), families of common-law couples (with or without never-married sons or daughters of either or both partners) and lone-parent families by sex of parent. Return to footnote 6 referrer Footnote 7 Census Family Structure Refers to the classification of census families into families of now-married couples (with or without never-married sons or daughters of either or both spouses), families of common-law couples (with or without never-married sons or daughters of either or both partners) and lone-parent families by sex of parent. Return to footnote 7 referrer Footnote 8 The average number of never-married sons and/or daughters at home per family is calculated using the total number of never-married sons and/or daughters at home and the total number of families. Return to footnote 8 referrer Footnote 9 Census Family Living Arrangements Refers to the classification of persons in terms of whether they are members of a family household or a non-family household,* and whether they are family or non-family persons.** Household Type Refers to the basic division of private households into family and non-family households. Family household refers to a household that contains at least one census family, that is a married couple with or without never-married sons or daughters, or a couple living common-law with or without never-married sons or daughters, or a lone parent living with one or more never-married sons or daughters (lone-parent family). One-family household refers to a single census family (with or without other non-family persons) that occupies a private dwelling. Multiple-family household refers to one in which two or more census families (with or without additional non-family persons) occupy the same private dwelling. Non-family household refers to either one person living alone in a private dwelling or to a group of two or more people who share a private dwelling, but who do not constitute a census family. Census Family Status Refers to the classification of the population according to whether or not they are members of a census family. Family persons refers to household members who belong to a census family. They, in turn, are further classified as follows: Spouses refers to persons of opposite sex who are legally married to each other and living in the same dwelling. Common-law partners are two persons of opposite sex who are not legally married to each other but live together as husband and wife in the same dwelling. Lone parent refers to a mother or a father, with no spouse or common-law partner present, living in a dwelling with one or more never-married sons and/or daughters. Never-married sons and/or daughters refers to blood, step or adopted sons and daughters who have never married (regardless of age) and are living in the same dwelling as their parent(s). Sons and daughters who are currently or were previously married, or who are living common-law, are not considered to be members of their parent(s)' census family even if they are living in the same dwelling. In addition, those never-married sons and daughters who do not live in the same dwelling as their parent(s) are not considered members of their parent(s)' census family. Non-family persons refers to household members who do not belong to a census family. They may be related to Person 1, the household reference person (e.g., Person 1's divorced brother, brother-in-law, cousin, grandparent), or unrelated (e.g., lodger, room-mate, employee). A person living alone is always a non-family person. Return to footnote 9 referrer Footnote 10 Non-relatives may be present. Return to footnote 10 referrer Footnote 11 These non-relatives must constitute a census family. Return to footnote 11 referrer Footnote 12 Census Family Living Arrangements Refers to the classification of persons in terms of whether they are members of a family household or a non-family household, and whether they are family or non-family persons.** Household Type Refers to the basic division of private households into family and non-family households. Family household refers to a household that contains at least one census family, that is a married couple with or without never-married sons or daughters, or a couple living common-law with or without never-married sons or daughters, or a lone parent living with one or more never-married sons or daughters (lone-parent family). One-family household refers to a single census family (with or without other non-family persons) that occupies a private dwelling. Multiple-family household refers to one in which two or more census families (with or without additional non-family persons) occupy the same private dwelling. Non-family household refers to either one person living alone in a private dwelling or to a group of two or more people who share a private dwelling, but who do not constitute a census family. *Census Family Status Refers to the classification of the population according to whether or not they are members of a census family. Family persons refers to household members who belong to a census family. They, in turn, are further classified as follows: Spouses refers to persons of opposite sex who are legally married to each other and living in the same dwelling. Common-law partners are two persons of opposite sex who are not legally married to each other but live together as husband and wife in the same dwelling. Lone parent refers to a mother or a father, with no spouse or common-law partner present, living in a dwelling with one or more never-married sons and/or daughters. Never-married sons and/or daughters refers to blood, step or adopted sons and daughters who have never married (regardless of age) and are living in the same dwelling as their parent(s). Sons and daughters who are currently or were previously married, or who are living common-law, are not considered to be members of their parent(s)' census family even if they are living in the same dwelling. In addition, those never-married sons and daughters who do not live in the same dwelling as their parent(s) are not considered members of their parent(s)' census family. Non-family persons refers to household members who do not belong to a census family. They may be related to Person 1, the household reference person (e.g., Person 1's divorced brother, brother-in-law, cousin, grandparent), or unrelated (e.g., lodger, room-mate, employee). A person living alone is always a non-family person. Return to footnote 12 referrer Footnote 13 Non-relatives may be present. Return to footnote 13 referrer Footnote 14 These non-relatives must constitute a census family. Return to footnote 14 referrer Footnote 15 Occupied Private Dwelling Refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons are permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on Census Day. Unless otherwise specified, all data in housing reports are for occupied private dwellings rather than unoccupied private dwellings or dwellings occupied solely by foreign and/or temporary residents. Structural Type of Dwelling Refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc. Return to footnote 15 referrer Footnote 16 Includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats and railroad cars. Return to footnote 16 referrer Footnote 17 Private Household Refers to a person or a group of persons (other than foreign residents) who occupy a private dwelling and do not have a usual place of residence elsewhere in Canada. Household Size Refers to the number of persons in a private household. Return to footnote 17 referrer Footnote 18 Citizenship Refers to legal citizenship status of the respondent. Persons who are citizens of more than one country were instructed to indicate this fact. Return to footnote 18 referrer Footnote 19 Place of Birth Refers to specific provinces or territories if born in Canada or to specific countries if born outside Canada. Return to footnote 19 referrer Footnote 20 Includes persons born in a province other than the province of residence, as well as persons born outside Canada who have Canadian citizenship by birth and, therefore, will not have immigrated to Canada. Return to footnote 20 referrer Footnote 21 The countries shown are the 50 most frequent ones for the total immigrant population for Canada. Immigrant: Immigrant Population Refers to people who are, or have been, landed immigrants in Canada. A landed immigrant is a person who has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others are recent arrivals. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number were born in Canada. Return to footnote 21 referrer Footnote 22 Includes persons who reported 'Yugoslavia', whether they referred to the former or to the new republic of the same name. Return to footnote 22 referrer Footnote 23 The official name is Islamic Republic of Iran. Return to footnote 23 referrer Footnote 24 The official name is the Republic of Korea. Return to footnote 24 referrer Footnote 25 Includes Faroe Islands. Return to footnote 25 referrer Footnote 26 Includes persons who reported 'Czechoslovakia'. Return to footnote 26 referrer Footnote 27 Formerly known as Kampuchea. Return to footnote 27 referrer Footnote 28 Refers to persons who, at the time of the census, held a student or employment authorization, Minister's permit or who were refugee claimants, as well as family members living with them. Return to footnote 28 referrer Footnote 29 The countries shown are the 40 most frequent ones for those who immigrated to Canada between 1991 and 1996 (first four months only of 1996). Place of Birth Refers to specific provinces or territories if born in Canada or to specific countries if born outside Canada. Immigrant: Immigrant Population Refers to people who are, or have been, landed immigrants in Canada. A landed immigrant is a person who has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others are recent arrivals. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number were born in Canada. Return to footnote 29 referrer Footnote 30 Includes persons who reported 'Yugoslavia', whether they referred to the former or to the new republic of the same name. Return to footnote 30 referrer Footnote 31 The official name is Islamic Republic of Iran. Return to footnote 31 referrer Footnote 32 The official name is the Republic of Korea. Return to footnote 32 referrer Footnote 33 In previous censuses, Ethiopia included Eritrea, but in 1996, Eritrea was collected as a separate country. Return to footnote 33 referrer Footnote 34 Immigration: Period of Immigration Refers to groupings of years derived from the year of immigration question. Year of immigration refers to the year landed immigrant status was first obtained. Return to footnote 34 referrer Footnote 35 Includes the first four months only of 1996. Return to footnote 35 referrer Footnote 36 Immigration: Age at Immigration Refers to the age at which the respondent first obtained landed immigrant status. A landed immigrant is a person who has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Return to footnote 36 referrer Footnote 37 Language: Mother Tongue Refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the individual at the time of the census. Return to footnote 37 referrer Footnote 38 This is a subtotal of all non-official languages collected by the census that are not displayed separately here. Return to footnote 38 referrer Footnote 39 Language: Knowledge of Official Languages Refers to the ability to conduct a conversation in English only, in French only, in both English and French or in neither of the official languages of Canada. Return to footnote 39 referrer Footnote 40 Language: First Official Language Spoken Refers to a variable specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. Return to footnote 40 referrer Footnote 41 The official language minority is English in Quebec and French in all other provinces and territories. Return to footnote 41 referrer Footnote 42 The official language minority is English in Quebec and French in all other provinces and territories. Return to footnote 42 referrer Footnote 43 Language: Home Language Refers to the language spoken most often at home by the individual at the time of the census. Return to footnote 43 referrer Footnote 44 This is a subtotal of all non-official languages collected by the census that are not displayed separately here. Return to footnote 44 referrer Footnote 45 Language: Knowledge of Non-official Languages Refers to languages, other than English or French, in which the respondent can conduct a conversation. Return to footnote 45 referrer Footnote 46 This is a subtotal of all non-official languages collected by the census that are not displayed separately here. Return to footnote 46 referrer Footnote 47 Aboriginal Groups Special Note: A grouping of the total population into non-Aboriginal or Aboriginal population, with Aboriginal persons further divided into Aboriginal groups, based on their responses to three questions on the 1996 Census form. Included in the Aboriginal population are those persons who reported identifying with at least one Aboriginal group, i.e. North American Indian, Métis or Inuit (Eskimo) and/or who reported being a Treaty Indian or a Registered Indian as defined by the Indian Act of Canada and/or who reported they were members of an Indian Band or First Nation. Special Note: Users should be aware that the population counts associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements. The extent of the impact will depend on the geographical area under study. In 1996, a total of 77 Indian reserves and Indian settlements were incompletely enumerated by the census. The populations of these 77 communities are not included in the census counts. Return to footnote 47 referrer Footnote 48 Users should be aware that the counts for this item are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements. The extent of the impact will depend on the geographical area under study. In 1996, a total of 77 Indian reserves and Indian settlements were incompletely enumerated by the census. The populations of these 77 communities are not included in the census counts. Return to footnote 48 referrer Footnote 49 Includes those who identified themselves as Registered Indians and/or Band members without Aboriginal identity response. Return to footnote 49 referrer Footnote 50 The count for 'Total population by ethnic origin (single and multiple responses) (20% sample data)' represents the total population of Canada, excluding institutional residents. It also represents the sum of persons who reported single ethnic origins and multiple ethnic origins in the census. The count for 'Total population - Single responses' represents the total number of persons who reported only one ethnic origin in the census. This total is greater than the sum of single responses in this table because not all ethnic origins are shown in this profile. The count for 'Total population - Multiple responses' represents the total number of persons who reported more than one ethnic origin in the census. This total is greater than the sum of multiple responses in this table because not all ethnic origins are shown in this profile. Ethnic Origin Supplementary Definition: Refers to the ethnic or cultural group(s) to which the respondent's ancestors belong. Ethnic or cultural origin refers to the ethnic 'roots' or ancestral background of the population, and should not be confused with citizenship or nationality. Comparability of ethnic origin data between the 1996 Census and previous censuses has been affected by several factors including changes in the question format, wording, examples, instructions and data processing, as well as by the social environment at the time of the census. In 1996, comparability with previous census data will be particularly affected by the change in format and the examples provided on the questionnaire. While the 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories and two write-in spaces, in 1996 respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. Twenty-four examples were provided. The change in format to an open-ended question in 1996 is likely to affect response patterns especially for groups which had been included as mark-in response categories in 1991. In addition, the presence of examples such as 'Canadian', which were not included in previous censuses, may also affect response patterns. Since 1986, an instruction to specify as many ethnic groups as applicable has been included in the ethnic origin question. This has affected data comparability for all ethnic groups and categories because of the increase in multiple responses. Prior to the 1981 Census, only the respondent's paternal ancestry was to be reported. If multiple ethnic origins were provided, only one origin was captured, resulting in one ethnic origin per respondent. In 1981, multiple origins were allowed and a write-in space was added to the question, although respondents were not instructed to provide more than one origin. In 1986, respondents were permitted to write in up to three origins other than those shown in the mark-in circles. In 1991, they were permitted to write in up to two additional origins. In 1996, four write-in spaces were provided on the questionnaire and up to six ethnic origins were captured. For more information on ethnic origin, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 50 referrer Footnote 51 The count for 'Total population by ethnic origin (single and multiple responses) (20% sample data)' represents the total population of Canada, excluding institutional residents. It also represents the sum of persons who reported single ethnic origins and multiple ethnic origins in the census. The count for 'Total population - Single responses' represents the total number of persons who reported only one ethnic origin in the census. This total is greater than the sum of single responses in this table because not all ethnic origins are shown in this profile. The count for 'Total population - Multiple responses' represents the total number of persons who reported more than one ethnic origin in the census. This total is greater than the sum of multiple responses in this table because not all ethnic origins are shown in this profile. Return to footnote 51 referrer Footnote 52 The count for 'Total population by ethnic origin (single and multiple responses) (20% sample data)' represents the total population of Canada, excluding institutional residents. It also represents the sum of persons who reported single ethnic origins and multiple ethnic origins in the census. The count for 'Total population - Single responses' represents the total number of persons who reported only one ethnic origin in the census. This total is greater than the sum of single responses in this table because not all ethnic origins are shown in this profile. The count for 'Total population - Multiple responses' represents the total number of persons who reported more than one ethnic origin in the census. This total is greater than the sum of multiple responses in this table because not all ethnic origins are shown in this profile. Return to footnote 52 referrer Footnote 53 Caution should be used in comparing data for 'Canadian' ethnic origin between censuses. The increase in the reporting of 'Canadian' is the result of a number of factors. The change in the format of the ethnic origin question between 1996 and 1991 has had an impact on counts for this group. The 1991 Census questionnaire included fifteen mark-in categories and two write-in spaces for the ethnic origin question. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. Twenty-four examples, including 'Canadian', were provided. 'Canadian' was included as one of the examples on the 1996 Census questionnaire because it was one of the most frequently reported ethnic origins in the 1991 Census. As a result of the change in format of the ethnic origin question in 1996, many respondents who checked a mark-in category to indicate their ethnic origin in 1991 may have written in 'Canadian' as their ethnic origin in 1996. Although the increase in the reporting of 'Canadian' ethnic origins may have impacted the reporting of single ethnic origins for many groups, British Isles origins and French origins appear to have been particularly affected. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for 'Canadian', please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 53 referrer Footnote 54 Caution should be used in comparing data for 'Canadian' ethnic origin between censuses. The increase in the reporting of 'Canadian' is the result of a number of factors. The change in the format of the ethnic origin question between 1996 and 1991 has had an impact on counts for this group. The 1991 Census questionnaire included fifteen mark-in categories and two write-in spaces for the ethnic origin question. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. Twenty-four examples, including 'Canadian', were provided. 'Canadian' was included as one of the examples on the 1996 Census questionnaire because it was one of the most frequently reported ethnic origins in the 1991 Census. As a result of the change in format of the ethnic origin question in 1996, many respondents who checked a mark-in category to indicate their ethnic origin in 1991 may have written in 'Canadian' as their ethnic origin in 1996. Although the increase in the reporting of 'Canadian' ethnic origins may have impacted the reporting of single ethnic origins for many groups, British Isles origins and French origins appear to have been particularly affected. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for 'Canadian', please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 54 referrer Footnote 55 Caution should be used in comparing data for 'Canadian' ethnic origin between censuses. The increase in the reporting of 'Canadian' is the result of a number of factors. The change in the format of the ethnic origin question between 1996 and 1991 has had an impact on counts for this group. The 1991 Census questionnaire included fifteen mark-in categories and two write-in spaces for the ethnic origin question. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. Twenty-four examples, including 'Canadian', were provided. 'Canadian' was included as one of the examples on the 1996 Census questionnaire because it was one of the most frequently reported ethnic origins in the 1991 Census. As a result of the change in format of the ethnic origin question in 1996, many respondents who checked a mark-in category to indicate their ethnic origin in 1991 may have written in 'Canadian' as their ethnic origin in 1996. Although the increase in the reporting of 'Canadian' ethnic origins may have impacted the reporting of single ethnic origins for many groups, British Isles origins and French origins appear to have been particularly affected. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for 'Canadian', please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 55 referrer Footnote 56 In 1991, 'Taiwanese' was included in 'Chinese'. In 1996, 'Taiwanese' was collected as a separate response. Return to footnote 56 referrer Footnote 57 In 1991, 'Taiwanese' was included in 'Chinese'. In 1996, 'Taiwanese' was collected as a separate response. Return to footnote 57 referrer Footnote 58 In 1991, 'Taiwanese' was included in 'Chinese'. In 1996, 'Taiwanese' was collected as a separate response. Return to footnote 58 referrer Footnote 59 In 1991, 'East Indian, n.i.e.' included 'Goan', 'Gujarati' and 'South Asian, n.i.e.'. In 1996, these groups were collected as separate responses. Return to footnote 59 referrer Footnote 60 In 1991, 'East Indian, n.i.e.' included 'Goan', 'Gujarati' and 'South Asian, n.i.e.'. In 1996, these groups were collected as separate responses. Return to footnote 60 referrer Footnote 61 In 1991, 'East Indian, n.i.e.' included 'Goan', 'Gujarati' and 'South Asian, n.i.e.'. In 1996, these groups were collected as separate responses. Return to footnote 61 referrer Footnote 62 In 1991, 'Frisian' was included in 'Dutch (Netherlands)'. In 1996, 'Frisian' was collected as a separate response. Return to footnote 62 referrer Footnote 63 In 1991, 'Frisian' was included in 'Dutch (Netherlands)'. In 1996, 'Frisian' was collected as a separate response. Return to footnote 63 referrer Footnote 64 In 1991, 'Frisian' was included in 'Dutch (Netherlands)'. In 1996, 'Frisian' was collected as a separate response. Return to footnote 64 referrer Footnote 65 Caution should be used in comparing data for Caribbean origins, including 'Jamaican', between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for Caribbean origins, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 65 referrer Footnote 66 Caution should be used in comparing data for Caribbean origins, including 'Jamaican', between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for Caribbean origins, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 66 referrer Footnote 67 Caution should be used in comparing data for Caribbean origins, including 'Jamaican', between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for Caribbean origins, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 67 referrer Footnote 68 Caution should be used in comparing data for Caribbean origins, including 'Haitian', between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for Caribbean origins, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 68 referrer Footnote 69 Caution should be used in comparing data for Caribbean origins, including 'Haitian', between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for Caribbean origins, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 69 referrer Footnote 70 Caution should be used in comparing data for Caribbean origins, including 'Haitian', between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for Caribbean origins, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 70 referrer Footnote 71 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere'. Includes responses such as British, Anglo, Celtic, Cornish, Gaelic, Jersey Islander, Manx, United Empire Loyalist, United Kingdom, etc. Excludes the following groups which were collected as separate responses in 1996: English, Irish, Scottish and Welsh. Return to footnote 71 referrer Footnote 72 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere'. Includes responses such as British, Anglo, Celtic, Cornish, Gaelic, Jersey Islander, Manx, United Empire Loyalist, United Kingdom, etc. Excludes the following groups which were collected as separate responses in 1996: English, Irish, Scottish and Welsh. Return to footnote 72 referrer Footnote 73 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere'. Includes responses such as British, Anglo, Celtic, Cornish, Gaelic, Jersey Islander, Manx, United Empire Loyalist, United Kingdom, etc. Excludes the following groups which were collected as separate responses in 1996: English, Irish, Scottish and Welsh. Return to footnote 73 referrer Footnote 74 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere'. Includes responses such as Arab, Assyrian, Kuwaiti, Libyan, Middle Eastern, Saudi Arabian, Yemeni, etc. Excludes the following groups which were collected as separate responses in 1996: Egyptian, Iraqi, Jordanian, Lebanese, Algerian, Berber, Moroccan, Tunisian, Maghrebi n.i.e., Palestinian and Syrian. Return to footnote 74 referrer Footnote 75 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere'. Includes responses such as Arab, Assyrian, Kuwaiti, Libyan, Middle Eastern, Saudi Arabian, Yemeni, etc. Excludes the following groups which were collected as separate responses in 1996: Egyptian, Iraqi, Jordanian, Lebanese, Algerian, Berber, Moroccan, Tunisian, Maghrebi n.i.e., Palestinian and Syrian. Return to footnote 75 referrer Footnote 76 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere'. Includes responses such as Arab, Assyrian, Kuwaiti, Libyan, Middle Eastern, Saudi Arabian, Yemeni, etc. Excludes the following groups which were collected as separate responses in 1996: Egyptian, Iraqi, Jordanian, Lebanese, Algerian, Berber, Moroccan, Tunisian, Maghrebi n.i.e., Palestinian and Syrian. Return to footnote 76 referrer Footnote 77 In 1996, as in 1991, the 'West Indian' ethnic group includes only responses of 'West Indian'. Other British West Indian origins are included in 'Caribbean, n.i.e.' (or 'Other Caribbean, n.i.e.' in 1991). In 1986, 'Other West Indian' was a general group which included responses of 'West Indian' as well as other British West Indian origins. Caution should be used in comparing data for Caribbean origins, including 'West Indian', between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for Caribbean origins, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 77 referrer Footnote 78 In 1996, as in 1991, the 'West Indian' ethnic group includes only responses of 'West Indian'. Other British West Indian origins are included in 'Caribbean, n.i.e.' (or 'Other Caribbean, n.i.e.' in 1991). In 1986, 'Other West Indian' was a general group which included responses of 'West Indian' as well as other British West Indian origins. Caution should be used in comparing data for Caribbean origins, including 'West Indian', between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for Caribbean origins, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 78 referrer Footnote 79 In 1996, as in 1991, the 'West Indian' ethnic group includes only responses of 'West Indian'. Other British West Indian origins are included in 'Caribbean, n.i.e.' (or 'Other Caribbean, n.i.e.' in 1991). In 1986, 'Other West Indian' was a general group which included responses of 'West Indian' as well as other British West Indian origins. Caution should be used in comparing data for Caribbean origins, including 'West Indian', between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for Caribbean origins, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 79 referrer Footnote 80 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere'. Includes responses such as African, Black African, Bantu, Beninese, Cameroonian, Guinean, Ivorian (Black), Malagasy (Black), Malian, Senegalese (Black), Seychellois (Black), Sierra Leonian, Swahili, Togolese, Tutsi, West African, Yoruba, Zambian, Zimbabwean (Black), Zulu, etc. Excludes the following groups which were collected as separate responses in 1996: Black, Burundian, East African, Eritrean, Ethiopian, Ghanaian, Kenyan, Mauritian, Nigerian, Rwandan, Somali, South African, Sudanese, Tanzanian, Ugandan and Zairian. Caution should be used in comparing data for 'African (Black)' between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for African origins, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 80 referrer Footnote 81 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere'. Includes responses such as African, Black African, Bantu, Beninese, Cameroonian, Guinean, Ivorian (Black), Malagasy (Black), Malian, Senegalese (Black), Seychellois (Black), Sierra Leonian, Swahili, Togolese, Tutsi, West African, Yoruba, Zambian, Zimbabwean (Black), Zulu, etc. Excludes the following groups which were collected as separate responses in 1996: Black, Burundian, East African, Eritrean, Ethiopian, Ghanaian, Kenyan, Mauritian, Nigerian, Rwandan, Somali, South African, Sudanese, Tanzanian, Ugandan and Zairian. Caution should be used in comparing data for 'African (Black)' between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for African origins, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 81 referrer Footnote 82 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere'. Includes responses such as African, Black African, Bantu, Beninese, Cameroonian, Guinean, Ivorian (Black), Malagasy (Black), Malian, Senegalese (Black), Seychellois (Black), Sierra Leonian, Swahili, Togolese, Tutsi, West African, Yoruba, Zambian, Zimbabwean (Black), Zulu, etc. Excludes the following groups which were collected as separate responses in 1996: Black, Burundian, East African, Eritrean, Ethiopian, Ghanaian, Kenyan, Mauritian, Nigerian, Rwandan, Somali, South African, Sudanese, Tanzanian, Ugandan and Zairian. Caution should be used in comparing data for 'African (Black)' between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for African origins, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 82 referrer Footnote 83 Caution should be used in comparing data for African origins, including 'Somali', between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for African origins, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 83 referrer Footnote 84 Caution should be used in comparing data for African origins, including 'Somali', between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for African origins, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 84 referrer Footnote 85 Caution should be used in comparing data for African origins, including 'Somali', between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for African origins, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 85 referrer Footnote 86 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere'. Includes responses such as Yugoslav, Montenegrin, etc. Excludes the following groups which were collected as separate responses in 1996: Albanian, Bosnian, Croatian, Macedonian, Serbian and Slovenian. Return to footnote 86 referrer Footnote 87 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere'. Includes responses such as Yugoslav, Montenegrin, etc. Excludes the following groups which were collected as separate responses in 1996: Albanian, Bosnian, Croatian, Macedonian, Serbian and Slovenian. Return to footnote 87 referrer Footnote 88 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere'. Includes responses such as Yugoslav, Montenegrin, etc. Excludes the following groups which were collected as separate responses in 1996: Albanian, Bosnian, Croatian, Macedonian, Serbian and Slovenian. Return to footnote 88 referrer Footnote 89 Caution should be used in comparing data for 'Black' between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. In 1996, a new question was introduced to measure the visible minority population, including Blacks, more directly. Please refer to the 'Visible Minority Population' Area Profile for data on Blacks. For more information on data for 'Black', please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 89 referrer Footnote 90 Caution should be used in comparing data for 'Black' between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. In 1996, a new question was introduced to measure the visible minority population, including Blacks, more directly. Please refer to the 'Visible Minority Population' Area Profile for data on Blacks. For more information on data for 'Black', please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 90 referrer Footnote 91 Caution should be used in comparing data for 'Black' between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. In 1996, a new question was introduced to measure the visible minority population, including Blacks, more directly. Please refer to the 'Visible Minority Population' Area Profile for data on Blacks. For more information on data for 'Black', please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 91 referrer Footnote 92 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere'. Includes responses such as South Asian, Kashmiri, Nepalese, etc. Excludes the following groups which were collected as separate responses in 1996: Bangladeshi, Bengali, East Indian, Goan, Gujarati, Pakistani, Punjabi, Sinhalese, Sri Lankan and Tamil. In 1991, 'South Asian, n.i.e.' was included in 'East Indian, n.i.e.'. In 1996, 'South Asian, n.i.e.' was collected as a separate response. Return to footnote 92 referrer Footnote 93 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere'. Includes responses such as South Asian, Kashmiri, Nepalese, etc. Excludes the following groups which were collected as separate responses in 1996: Bangladeshi, Bengali, East Indian, Goan, Gujarati, Pakistani, Punjabi, Sinhalese, Sri Lankan and Tamil. In 1991, 'South Asian, n.i.e.' was included in 'East Indian, n.i.e.'. In 1996, 'South Asian, n.i.e.' was collected as a separate response. Return to footnote 93 referrer Footnote 94 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere'. Includes responses such as South Asian, Kashmiri, Nepalese, etc. Excludes the following groups which were collected as separate responses in 1996: Bangladeshi, Bengali, East Indian, Goan, Gujarati, Pakistani, Punjabi, Sinhalese, Sri Lankan and Tamil. In 1991, 'South Asian, n.i.e.' was included in 'East Indian, n.i.e.'. In 1996, 'South Asian, n.i.e.' was collected as a separate response. Return to footnote 94 referrer Footnote 95 Caution should be used in comparing data for Caribbean origins, including 'Trinidadian/Tobagonian', between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for Caribbean origins, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 95 referrer Footnote 96 Caution should be used in comparing data for Caribbean origins, including 'Trinidadian/Tobagonian', between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for Caribbean origins, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 96 referrer Footnote 97 Caution should be used in comparing data for Caribbean origins, including 'Trinidadian/Tobagonian', between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for Caribbean origins, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 97 referrer Footnote 98 Caution should be used in comparing data for Caribbean origins, including 'Guyanese', between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for Caribbean origins, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 98 referrer Footnote 99 Caution should be used in comparing data for Caribbean origins, including 'Guyanese', between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for Caribbean origins, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 99 referrer Footnote 100 Caution should be used in comparing data for Caribbean origins, including 'Guyanese', between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for Caribbean origins, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 100 referrer Footnote 101 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere'. Includes responses such as Latin American, Central American, South American, Latino, Bolivian, etc. Excludes the following groups which were collected as separate responses in 1996: Argentinian, Brazilian, Central/South American Indian, Chilean, Colombian, Costa Rican, Ecuadorian, Guatemalan, Hispanic, Honduran, Mexican, Nicaraguan, Panamanian, Paraguayan, Peruvian, Salvadorean, Uruguayan and Venezuelan. Return to footnote 101 referrer Footnote 102 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere'. Includes responses such as Latin American, Central American, South American, Latino, Bolivian, etc. Excludes the following groups which were collected as separate responses in 1996: Argentinian, Brazilian, Central/South American Indian, Chilean, Colombian, Costa Rican, Ecuadorian, Guatemalan, Hispanic, Honduran, Mexican, Nicaraguan, Panamanian, Paraguayan, Peruvian, Salvadorean, Uruguayan and Venezuelan. Return to footnote 102 referrer Footnote 103 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere'. Includes responses such as Latin American, Central American, South American, Latino, Bolivian, etc. Excludes the following groups which were collected as separate responses in 1996: Argentinian, Brazilian, Central/South American Indian, Chilean, Colombian, Costa Rican, Ecuadorian, Guatemalan, Hispanic, Honduran, Mexican, Nicaraguan, Panamanian, Paraguayan, Peruvian, Salvadorean, Uruguayan and Venezuelan. Return to footnote 103 referrer Footnote 104 In 1991, 'Eritrean' was included in 'Ethiopian'. In 1996, 'Eritrean' was collected as a separate response. Caution should be used in comparing data for African origins, including 'Ethiopian', between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for African origins, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 104 referrer Footnote 105 In 1991, 'Eritrean' was included in 'Ethiopian'. In 1996, 'Eritrean' was collected as a separate response. Caution should be used in comparing data for African origins, including 'Ethiopian', between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for African origins, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 105 referrer Footnote 106 In 1991, 'Eritrean' was included in 'Ethiopian'. In 1996, 'Eritrean' was collected as a separate response. Caution should be used in comparing data for African origins, including 'Ethiopian', between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for African origins, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 106 referrer Footnote 107 Caution should be used in comparing data for African origins, including 'Ghanaian' between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for African origins, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 107 referrer Footnote 108 Caution should be used in comparing data for African origins, including 'Ghanaian' between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for African origins, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 108 referrer Footnote 109 Caution should be used in comparing data for African origins, including 'Ghanaian' between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for African origins, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 109 referrer Footnote 110 Caution should be used in comparing data for Caribbean origins, including 'Barbadian', between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for Caribbean origins, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 110 referrer Footnote 111 Caution should be used in comparing data for Caribbean origins, including 'Barbadian', between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for Caribbean origins, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 111 referrer Footnote 112 Caution should be used in comparing data for Caribbean origins, including 'Barbadian', between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for Caribbean origins, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 112 referrer Footnote 113 Excludes 'Czech' and 'Slovak' which were collected as separate responses in 1996. Return to footnote 113 referrer Footnote 114 Excludes 'Czech' and 'Slovak' which were collected as separate responses in 1996. Return to footnote 114 referrer Footnote 115 Excludes 'Czech' and 'Slovak' which were collected as separate responses in 1996. Return to footnote 115 referrer Footnote 116 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere'. Includes responses such as Scandinavian, Laplander, Nordic, Viking, etc. Excludes the following groups which were collected as separate responses in 1996: Danish, Icelandic, Norwegian and Swedish. Return to footnote 116 referrer Footnote 117 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere'. Includes responses such as Scandinavian, Laplander, Nordic, Viking, etc. Excludes the following groups which were collected as separate responses in 1996: Danish, Icelandic, Norwegian and Swedish. Return to footnote 117 referrer Footnote 118 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere'. Includes responses such as Scandinavian, Laplander, Nordic, Viking, etc. Excludes the following groups which were collected as separate responses in 1996: Danish, Icelandic, Norwegian and Swedish. Return to footnote 118 referrer Footnote 119 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere'. Includes responses such as Caribbean, Belizian, Dominican, Martiniquais, Montserratian, Puerto Rican, etc. Excludes the following groups which were collected as separate responses in 1996: Antiguan, Bahamian, Barbadian, Bermudan, Cuban, Grenadian, Guyanese, Haitian, Jamaican, Kittitian/Nevisian, St. Lucian, Trinidadian/Tobagonian, Vincentian/Grenadinian and West Indian. In 1996 'Caribbean, n.i.e.' and in 1991 'Other Caribbean, n.i.e.' included British West Indian origins as well as other Caribbean origins. In 1986, this group included mainly non-British West Indian origins. Caution should be used in comparing data for Caribbean origins between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for Caribbean origins, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 119 referrer Footnote 120 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere'. Includes responses such as Caribbean, Belizian, Dominican, Martiniquais, Montserratian, Puerto Rican, etc. Excludes the following groups which were collected as separate responses in 1996: Antiguan, Bahamian, Barbadian, Bermudan, Cuban, Grenadian, Guyanese, Haitian, Jamaican, Kittitian/Nevisian, St. Lucian, Trinidadian/Tobagonian, Vincentian/Grenadinian and West Indian. In 1996 'Caribbean, n.i.e.' and in 1991 'Other Caribbean, n.i.e.' included British West Indian origins as well as other Caribbean origins. In 1986, this group included mainly non-British West Indian origins. Caution should be used in comparing data for Caribbean origins between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for Caribbean origins, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 120 referrer Footnote 121 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere'. Includes responses such as Caribbean, Belizian, Dominican, Martiniquais, Montserratian, Puerto Rican, etc. Excludes the following groups which were collected as separate responses in 1996: Antiguan, Bahamian, Barbadian, Bermudan, Cuban, Grenadian, Guyanese, Haitian, Jamaican, Kittitian/Nevisian, St. Lucian, Trinidadian/Tobagonian, Vincentian/Grenadinian and West Indian. In 1996 'Caribbean, n.i.e.' and in 1991 'Other Caribbean, n.i.e.' included British West Indian origins as well as other Caribbean origins. In 1986, this group included mainly non-British West Indian origins. Caution should be used in comparing data for Caribbean origins between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for Caribbean origins, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 121 referrer Footnote 122 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere'. Includes responses such as European, Caucasian, Eastern European, etc. Excludes the following groups which were collected as separate responses in 1996: Austrian, Belgian, Dutch (Netherlands), Flemish, Frisian, German, Luxembourger, Swiss, Finnish, Danish, Icelandic, Norwegian, Swedish, Scandinavian n.i.e., Estonian, Latvian, Lithuanian, Byelorussian, Czech, Czechoslovakian, Slovak, Hungarian (Magyar), Polish, Romanian, Russian, Ukrainian, Albanian, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Macedonian, Serbian, Slovenian, Yugoslav n.i.e., Cypriot, Greek, Italian, Maltese, Portuguese, Spanish, Basque, Gypsy (Roma), Jewish and Slav. Return to footnote 122 referrer Footnote 123 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere'. Includes responses such as European, Caucasian, Eastern European, etc. Excludes the following groups which were collected as separate responses in 1996: Austrian, Belgian, Dutch (Netherlands), Flemish, Frisian, German, Luxembourger, Swiss, Finnish, Danish, Icelandic, Norwegian, Swedish, Scandinavian n.i.e., Estonian, Latvian, Lithuanian, Byelorussian, Czech, Czechoslovakian, Slovak, Hungarian (Magyar), Polish, Romanian, Russian, Ukrainian, Albanian, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Macedonian, Serbian, Slovenian, Yugoslav n.i.e., Cypriot, Greek, Italian, Maltese, Portuguese, Spanish, Basque, Gypsy (Roma), Jewish and Slav. Return to footnote 123 referrer Footnote 124 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere'. Includes responses such as European, Caucasian, Eastern European, etc. Excludes the following groups which were collected as separate responses in 1996: Austrian, Belgian, Dutch (Netherlands), Flemish, Frisian, German, Luxembourger, Swiss, Finnish, Danish, Icelandic, Norwegian, Swedish, Scandinavian n.i.e., Estonian, Latvian, Lithuanian, Byelorussian, Czech, Czechoslovakian, Slovak, Hungarian (Magyar), Polish, Romanian, Russian, Ukrainian, Albanian, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Macedonian, Serbian, Slovenian, Yugoslav n.i.e., Cypriot, Greek, Italian, Maltese, Portuguese, Spanish, Basque, Gypsy (Roma), Jewish and Slav. Return to footnote 124 referrer Footnote 125 In 1991, 'Taiwanese' was included in 'Chinese'. In 1996, 'Taiwanese' was collected as a separate response. Return to footnote 125 referrer Footnote 126 In 1991, 'Taiwanese' was included in 'Chinese'. In 1996, 'Taiwanese' was collected as a separate response. Return to footnote 126 referrer Footnote 127 In 1991, 'Taiwanese' was included in 'Chinese'. In 1996, 'Taiwanese' was collected as a separate response. Return to footnote 127 referrer Footnote 128 In 1991, 'Eritrean' was included in 'Ethiopian'. In 1996, 'Eritrean' was collected as a separate response. Caution should be used in comparing data for African origins between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for African origins, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 128 referrer Footnote 129 In 1991, 'Eritrean' was included in 'Ethiopian'. In 1996, 'Eritrean' was collected as a separate response. Caution should be used in comparing data for African origins between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for African origins, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 129 referrer Footnote 130 In 1991, 'Eritrean' was included in 'Ethiopian'. In 1996, 'Eritrean' was collected as a separate response. Caution should be used in comparing data for African origins between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for African origins, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 130 referrer Footnote 131 Caution should be used in comparing data for African origins, including 'Nigerian' between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for African origins, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 131 referrer Footnote 132 Caution should be used in comparing data for African origins, including 'Nigerian' between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for African origins, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 132 referrer Footnote 133 Caution should be used in comparing data for African origins, including 'Nigerian' between the 1996 and 1991 censuses. Data for Caribbean, African and Black origins have been affected by changes in the format of the ethnic origin question and the examples listed on the census questionnaire. The 1991 Census question included fifteen mark-in categories, including 'Black', and two write-in spaces. In 1996, respondents were required to write in their ethnic origin(s) in four write-in spaces. The 'Black' mark-in group was replaced with the examples 'Haitian', 'Jamaican' and 'Somali'. Respondents who checked the 'Black' mark-in category in 1991 are likely to have written in an African, Caribbean or other ethnic origin response in 1996. For more information on ethnic origin, including the historical comparability of data for African origins, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 133 referrer Footnote 134 Includes respondents who belong to a visible minority group. Visible Minority Population Supplementary Definition: Refers to the visible minority group to which the respondent belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour'. The visible minority population includes the following groups: Chinese, South Asian, Black, Arab/West Asian, Filipino, Southeast Asian, Latin American, Japanese, Korean and Pacific Islander. The 1996 Census was the first census to ask a direct question on visible minorities. Information on the visible minority population is obtained from the population group question (Question 19). For more information on the visible minority population, please refer to electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 134 referrer Footnote 135 Includes respondents who reported a single write-in response indicating a Pacific Islander group (for example, 'Fijian' or 'Polynesian') or another single write-in response likely to be a visible minority group (for example, 'Guyanese', 'Mauritian', 'South American' or 'West Indian'). For more information, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 135 referrer Footnote 136 Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, for example, 'Black and South Asian'. For more information, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 136 referrer Footnote 137 Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to Question 18 (Aboriginal Identity, known in the 1996 Census Dictionary as Aboriginal Self-Reporting) as well as repondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group. For more information, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Return to footnote 137 referrer Footnote 138 Age Refers to the age at last birthday (as of the census reference date, May 14, 1996). This variable is derived from date of birth. Sex Refers to the gender of the respondent. Labour Market Activities: Labour Force Activity Refers to the labour market activity of the population 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day. Respondents were classified as either employed, unemployed or not in the labour force. Employed Refers to persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who, during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day: (a) did any work at all for pay or in self-employment; or (b) were absent from their job or business for the entire week because of vacation, illness, a labour dispute at their place of work or other reasons. Unemployed Refers to persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who, during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day, were without paid work and were available for work and either: (a) had actively looked for work in the past four weeks; or (b) were on temporary lay-off and expected to return to their job; or (c) had definite arrangements to start a new job in four weeks or less. Not in Labour Force Refers to those persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who, in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day, were neither employed nor unemployed. It includes persons who did not work for pay or in self-employment in the week prior to enumeration and (a) did not look for paid work in the four weeks prior to enumeration, (b) were not on temporary lay-off and (c) did not have a new job to start in four weeks or less. It also includes persons who looked for work during the last four weeks but were not available to start work in the week prior to enumeration. Total Labour Force (in Reference Week) Refers to all persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who were either employed or unemployed during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day. Participation Rate Refers to the total labour force in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day, expressed as a percentage of the population 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents. The participation rate for a particular group (age, sex, marital status, geographic area, etc.) is the total labour force in that group, expressed as a percentage of the population in that group. Employment-population Ratio Refers to the number of persons employed in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day, expressed as a percentage of the total population 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents. The employment-population ratio for a particular group (age, sex, marital status, geographic area, etc.) is the number employed in that group, expressed as a percentage of the population 15 years of age and over in that group. Unemployment Rate Refers to the unemployed labour force expressed as a percentage of the total labour force in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day. Data are available for persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents. The unemployment rate for a particular group (age, sex, marital status, geographic area, etc.) is the unemployed labour force in that group, expressed as a percentage of the total labour force in that group, in the week prior to enumeration. Note: The components of Population and Labour Force Activity are illustrated in Figure 9 of the 1996 Census Dictionary, Catalogue no. 92-351-XPE. For information on the comparability of Labour Force Activity with those of previous censuses and with the Labour Force Survey, see Appendix E of the 1996 Census Dictionary, Catalogue no. 92-351-XPE. Return to footnote 138 referrer Footnote 139 Age Refers to the age at last birthday (as of the census reference date, May 14, 1996). This variable is derived from date of birth. Sex Refers to the gender of the respondent. Labour Market Activities: Labour Force Activity Refers to the labour market activity of the population 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day. Respondents were classified as either employed, unemployed or not in the labour force. Employed Refers to persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who, during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day: (a) did any work at all for pay or in self-employment; or (b) were absent from their job or business for the entire week because of vacation, illness, a labour dispute at their place of work or other reasons. Unemployed Refers to persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who, during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day, were without paid work and were available for work and either: (a) had actively looked for work in the past four weeks; or (b) were on temporary lay-off and expected to return to their job; or (c) had definite arrangements to start a new job in four weeks or less. Not in Labour Force Refers to those persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who, in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day, were neither employed nor unemployed. It includes persons who did not work for pay or in self-employment in the week prior to enumeration and (a) did not look for paid work in the four weeks prior to enumeration, (b) were not on temporary lay-off and (c) did not have a new job to start in four weeks or less. It also includes persons who looked for work during the last four weeks but were not available to start work in the week prior to enumeration. Total Labour Force (in Reference Week) Refers to all persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who were either employed or unemployed during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day. Participation Rate Refers to the total labour force in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day, expressed as a percentage of the population 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents. The participation rate for a particular group (age, sex, marital status, geographic area, etc.) is the total labour force in that group, expressed as a percentage of the population in that group. Employment-population Ratio Refers to the number of persons employed in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day, expressed as a percentage of the total population 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents. The employment-population ratio for a particular group (age, sex, marital status, geographic area, etc.) is the number employed in that group, expressed as a percentage of the population 15 years of age and over in that group. Unemployment Rate Refers to the unemployed labour force expressed as a percentage of the total labour force in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day. Data are available for persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents. The unemployment rate for a particular group (age, sex, marital status, geographic area, etc.) is the unemployed labour force in that group, expressed as a percentage of the total labour force in that group, in the week prior to enumeration. Note: The components of Population and Labour Force Activity are illustrated in Figure 9 of the 1996 Census Dictionary, Catalogue no. 92-351-XPE. For information on the comparability of Labour Force Activity with those of previous censuses and with the Labour Force Survey, see Appendix E of the 1996 Census Dictionary, Catalogue no. 92-351-XPE. Return to footnote 139 referrer Footnote 140 Age Refers to the age at last birthday (as of the census reference date, May 14, 1996). This variable is derived from date of birth. Sex Refers to the gender of the respondent. Labour Market Activities: Labour Force Activity Refers to the labour market activity of the population 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day. Respondents were classified as either employed, unemployed or not in the labour force. Employed Refers to persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who, during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day: (a) did any work at all for pay or in self-employment; or (b) were absent from their job or business for the entire week because of vacation, illness, a labour dispute at their place of work or other reasons. Unemployed Refers to persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who, during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day, were without paid work and were available for work and either: (a) had actively looked for work in the past four weeks; or (b) were on temporary lay-off and expected to return to their job; or (c) had definite arrangements to start a new job in four weeks or less. Not in Labour Force Refers to those persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who, in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day, were neither employed nor unemployed. It includes persons who did not work for pay or in self-employment in the week prior to enumeration and (a) did not look for paid work in the four weeks prior to enumeration, (b) were not on temporary lay-off and (c) did not have a new job to start in four weeks or less. It also includes persons who looked for work during the last four weeks but were not available to start work in the week prior to enumeration. Total Labour Force (in Reference Week) Refers to all persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who were either employed or unemployed during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day. Participation Rate Refers to the total labour force in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day, expressed as a percentage of the population 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents. The participation rate for a particular group (age, sex, marital status, geographic area, etc.) is the total labour force in that group, expressed as a percentage of the population in that group. Employment-population Ratio Refers to the number of persons employed in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day, expressed as a percentage of the total population 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents. The employment-population ratio for a particular group (age, sex, marital status, geographic area, etc.) is the number employed in that group, expressed as a percentage of the population 15 years of age and over in that group. Unemployment Rate Refers to the unemployed labour force expressed as a percentage of the total labour force in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day. Data are available for persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents. The unemployment rate for a particular group (age, sex, marital status, geographic area, etc.) is the unemployed labour force in that group, expressed as a percentage of the total labour force in that group, in the week prior to enumeration. Note: The components of Population and Labour Force Activity are illustrated in Figure 9 of the 1996 Census Dictionary, Catalogue no. 92-351-XPE. For information on the comparability of Labour Force Activity with those of previous censuses and with the Labour Force Survey, see Appendix E of the 1996 Census Dictionary, Catalogue no. 92-351-XPE. Return to footnote 140 referrer Footnote 141 Household, Private: Refers to a person or a group of persons (other than foreign residents) who occupy a private dwelling and do not have a usual place of residence elsewhere in Canada. Labour Market Activities: Presence of Children This variable classifies the population 15 years of age and over in private households into those with no children at home and those with children at home. Those persons with children at home are further classified on the basis of the age groups of all of their children. This variable is based on census family concept. It is derived specifically for the purposes of analysis and dissemination of census labour force activity data. The term 'children' is also referred to as 'never-married sons and/or daughters' in the census. It includes all blood, step- or adopted sons and daughters who have never married, regardless of age, in census families (in private households), who are living in the same dwelling as their parent(s). Sons and daughters who are currently or were previously married, or who are living common-law, are not considered to be members of their parent(s)' census family, even if they are living in the same dwelling. Labour Market Activities: Labour Force Activity Refers to the labour market activity of the population 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day. Respondents were classified as either employed, unemployed or not in the labour force. Employed Refers to persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who, during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day: (a) did any work at all for pay or in self-employment; or (b) were absent from their job or business for the entire week because of vacation, illness, a labour dispute at their place of work or other reasons. Unemployed Refers to persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who, during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day, were without paid work and were available for work and either: (a) had actively looked for work in the past four weeks; or (b) were on temporary lay-off and expected to return to their job; or (c) had definite arrangements to start a new job in four weeks or less. Not in Labour Force Refers to those persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who, in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day, were neither employed nor unemployed. It includes persons who did not work for pay or in self-employment in the week prior to enumeration and (a) did not look for paid work in the four weeks prior to enumeration, (b) were not on temporary lay-off and (c) did not have a new job to start in four weeks or less. It also includes persons who looked for work during the last four weeks but were not available to start work in the week prior to enumeration. Total Labour Force (in Reference Week) Refers to all persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who were either employed or unemployed during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day. Participation Rate Refers to the total labour force in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day, expressed as a percentage of the population 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents. The participation rate for a particular group (age, sex, marital status, geographic area, etc.) is the total labour force in that group, expressed as a percentage of the population in that group. Employment-population Ratio Refers to the number of persons employed in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day, expressed as a percentage of the total population 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents. The employment-population ratio for a particular group (age, sex, marital status, geographic area, etc.) is the number employed in that group, expressed as a percentage of the population 15 years of age and over in that group. Unemployment Rate Refers to the unemployed labour force expressed as a percentage of the total labour force in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day. Data are available for persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents. The unemployment rate for a particular group (age, sex, marital status, geographic area, etc.) is the unemployed labour force in that group, expressed as a percentage of the total labour force in that group, in the week prior to enumeration. Note: The components of Population and Labour Force Activity are illustrated in Figure 9 of the 1996 Census Dictionary, Catalogue no. 92-351-XPE. For information on the comparability of Labour Force Activity with those of previous censuses and with the Labour Force Survey, see Appendix E of the 1996 Census Dictionary, Catalogue no. 92-351-XPE. Return to footnote 141 referrer Footnote 142 Sex Refers to the gender of the respondent. Household, Private: Refers to a person or a group of persons (other than foreign residents) who occupy a private dwelling and do not have a usual place of residence elsewhere in Canada. Labour Market Activities: Presence of Children This variable classifies the population 15 years of age and over in private households into those with no children at home and those with children at home. Those persons with children at home are further classified on the basis of the age groups of all of their children. This variable is based on census family concept. It is derived specifically for the purposes of analysis and dissemination of census labour force activity data. The term 'children' is also referred to as 'never-married sons and/or daughters' in the census. It includes all blood, step- or adopted sons and daughters who have never married, regardless of age, in census families (in private households), who are living in the same dwelling as their parent(s). Sons and daughters who are currently or were previously married, or who are living common-law, are not considered to be members of their parent(s)' census family, even if they are living in the same dwelling. Labour Market Activities: Labour Force Activity Refers to the labour market activity of the population 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day. Respondents were classified as either employed, unemployed or not in the labour force. Employed Refers to persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who, during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day: (a) did any work at all for pay or in self-employment; or (b) were absent from their job or business for the entire week because of vacation, illness, a labour dispute at their place of work or other reasons. Unemployed Refers to persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who, during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day, were without paid work and were available for work and either: (a) had actively looked for work in the past four weeks; or (b) were on temporary lay-off and expected to return to their job; or (c) had definite arrangements to start a new job in four weeks or less. Not in Labour Force Refers to those persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who, in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day, were neither employed nor unemployed. It includes persons who did not work for pay or in self-employment in the week prior to enumeration and (a) did not look for paid work in the four weeks prior to enumeration, (b) were not on temporary lay-off and (c) did not have a new job to start in four weeks or less. It also includes persons who looked for work during the last four weeks but were not available to start work in the week prior to enumeration. Total Labour Force (in Reference Week) Refers to all persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who were either employed or unemployed during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day. Participation Rate Refers to the total labour force in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day, expressed as a percentage of the population 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents. The participation rate for a particular group (age, sex, marital status, geographic area, etc.) is the total labour force in that group, expressed as a percentage of the population in that group. Employment-population Ratio Refers to the number of persons employed in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day, expressed as a percentage of the total population 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents. The employment-population ratio for a particular group (age, sex, marital status, geographic area, etc.) is the number employed in that group, expressed as a percentage of the population 15 years of age and over in that group. Unemployment Rate Refers to the unemployed labour force expressed as a percentage of the total labour force in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day. Data are available for persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents. The unemployment rate for a particular group (age, sex, marital status, geographic area, etc.) is the unemployed labour force in that group, expressed as a percentage of the total labour force in that group, in the week prior to enumeration. Note: The components of Population and Labour Force Activity are illustrated in Figure 9 of the 1996 Census Dictionary, Catalogue no. 92-351-XPE. For information on the comparability of Labour Force Activity with those of previous censuses and with the Labour Force Survey, see Appendix E of the 1996 Census Dictionary, Catalogue no. 92-351-XPE. Return to footnote 142 referrer Footnote 143 Sex Refers to the gender of the respondent. Household, Private: Refers to a person or a group of persons (other than foreign residents) who occupy a private dwelling and do not have a usual place of residence elsewhere in Canada. Labour Market Activities: Presence of Children This variable classifies the population 15 years of age and over in private households into those with no children at home and those with children at home. Those persons with children at home are further classified on the basis of the age groups of all of their children. This variable is based on census family concept. It is derived specifically for the purposes of analysis and dissemination of census labour force activity data. The term 'children' is also referred to as 'never-married sons and/or daughters' in the census. It includes all blood, step- or adopted sons and daughters who have never married, regardless of age, in census families (in private households), who are living in the same dwelling as their parent(s). Sons and daughters who are currently or were previously married, or who are living common-law, are not considered to be members of their parent(s)' census family, even if they are living in the same dwelling. Labour Market Activities: Labour Force Activity Refers to the labour market activity of the population 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day. Respondents were classified as either employed, unemployed or not in the labour force. Employed Refers to persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who, during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day: (a) did any work at all for pay or in self-employment; or (b) were absent from their job or business for the entire week because of vacation, illness, a labour dispute at their place of work or other reasons. Unemployed Refers to persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who, during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day, were without paid work and were available for work and either: (a) had actively looked for work in the past four weeks; or (b) were on temporary lay-off and expected to return to their job; or (c) had definite arrangements to start a new job in four weeks or less. Not in Labour Force Refers to those persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who, in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day, were neither employed nor unemployed. It includes persons who did not work for pay or in self-employment in the week prior to enumeration and (a) did not look for paid work in the four weeks prior to enumeration, (b) were not on temporary lay-off and (c) did not have a new job to start in four weeks or less. It also includes persons who looked for work during the last four weeks but were not available to start work in the week prior to enumeration. Total Labour Force (in Reference Week) Refers to all persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who were either employed or unemployed during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day. Participation Rate Refers to the total labour force in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day, expressed as a percentage of the population 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents. The participation rate for a particular group (age, sex, marital status, geographic area, etc.) is the total labour force in that group, expressed as a percentage of the population in that group. Employment-population Ratio Refers to the number of persons employed in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day, expressed as a percentage of the total population 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents. The employment-population ratio for a particular group (age, sex, marital status, geographic area, etc.) is the number employed in that group, expressed as a percentage of the population 15 years of age and over in that group. Unemployment Rate Refers to the unemployed labour force expressed as a percentage of the total labour force in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day. Data are available for persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents. The unemployment rate for a particular group (age, sex, marital status, geographic area, etc.) is the unemployed labour force in that group, expressed as a percentage of the total labour force in that group, in the week prior to enumeration. Note: The components of Population and Labour Force Activity are illustrated in Figure 9 of the 1996 Census Dictionary, Catalogue no. 92-351-XPE. For information on the comparability of Labour Force Activity with those of previous censuses and with the Labour Force Survey, see Appendix E of the 1996 Census Dictionary, Catalogue no. 92-351-XPE. Return to footnote 143 referrer Footnote 144 Labour Market Activities: Industry (Based on 1980 Standard Industrial Classification) Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked, as indicated by the name of the employer and the kind of business, industry or service. Data are available for persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents. If the person did not have a job during the week prior to enumeration, data relate to the job of longest duration since January 1, 1995. Persons with two or more jobs were to report the information for the job at which they worked the most hours. The 1996 industry data are produced according to the 1980 Standard Industrial Classification. This classification consists of a systematic and comprehensive arrangement of industries structured into 18 divisions, 75 major groups and 296 groups. These industrial groups are based on the general nature of the establishment's business, industry or service. For further information on the classification, see the Standard Industrial Classification, 1980, Catalogue No. 12-501E. Labour Market Activities: Total Labour Force (in Reference Week) Refers to all persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who were either employed or unemployed during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day. Return to footnote 144 referrer Footnote 145 Unemployed persons 15 years of age and over who have never worked for pay or profit or who had worked only prior to January 1st of the previous year. Return to footnote 145 referrer Footnote 146 This category is also referred to as the 'Experienced Labour Force'. Labour Market Activities: Experienced Labour Force Refers to persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who were employed or unemployed during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day, and who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 1995 or in 1996. The experienced labour force can be derived by excluding from the total labour force those unemployed persons 15 years of age and over who have never worked or who had last worked prior to January 1, 1995 only. Return to footnote 146 referrer Footnote 147 View the 'Industry Data Quality Notes' by choosing 'Summary' from the 'File' menu. Return to footnote 147 referrer Footnote 148 View the 'Industry Data Quality Notes' by choosing 'Summary' from the 'File' menu. Return to footnote 148 referrer Footnote 149 View the 'Industry Data Quality Notes' by choosing 'Summary' from the 'File' menu. Return to footnote 149 referrer Footnote 150 Labour Market Activities: Occupation (Based on 1991 Standard Occupational Classification) Refers to the kind of work persons were doing during the reference week, as determined by their kind of work and the description of the most important duties in their job. Data are available for persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents. If the person did not have a job during the week prior to enumeration, the data relate to the job of longest duration since January 1, 1995. Persons with two or more jobs were to report the information for the job at which they worked the most hours. Labour Market Activities: Total Labour Force (in Reference Week) Refers to all persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who were either employed or unemployed during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day. Return to footnote 150 referrer Footnote 151 Unemployed persons 15 years of age and over who have never worked for pay or profit or who had worked only prior to January 1st of the previous year. Return to footnote 151 referrer Footnote 152 This category is also referred to as the 'Experienced Labour Force'. Labour Market Activities: Experienced Labour Force Refers to persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who were employed or unemployed during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day, and who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 1995 or in 1996. The experienced labour force can be derived by excluding from the total labour force those unemployed persons 15 years of age and over who have never worked or who had last worked prior to January 1, 1995 only. Return to footnote 152 referrer Footnote 153 Labour Market Activities: Occupation (Based on 1991 Standard Occupational Classification) Refers to the kind of work persons were doing during the reference week, as determined by their kind of work and the description of the most important duties in their job. Data are available for persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents. If the person did not have a job during the week prior to enumeration, the data relate to the job of longest duration since January 1, 1995. Persons with two or more jobs were to report the information for the job at which they worked the most hours. Return to footnote 153 referrer Footnote 154 Unemployed persons 15 years of age and over who have never worked for pay or profit or who had worked only prior to January 1st of the previous year. Return to footnote 154 referrer Footnote 155 This category is also referred to as the 'Experienced Labour Force'. Labour Market Activities: Experienced Labour Force Refers to persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who were employed or unemployed during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day, and who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 1995 or in 1996. The experienced labour force can be derived by excluding from the total labour force those unemployed persons 15 years of age and over who have never worked or who had last worked prior to January 1, 1995 only. Return to footnote 155 referrer Footnote 156 Labour Market Activities: Occupation (Based on 1991 Standard Occupational Classification) Refers to the kind of work persons were doing during the reference week, as determined by their kind of work and the description of the most important duties in their job. Data are available for persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents. If the person did not have a job during the week prior to enumeration, the data relate to the job of longest duration since January 1, 1995. Persons with two or more jobs were to report the information for the job at which they worked the most hours. Return to footnote 156 referrer Footnote 157 Unemployed persons 15 years of age and over who have never worked for pay or profit or who had worked only prior to January 1st of the previous year. Return to footnote 157 referrer Footnote 158 This category is also referred to as the 'Experienced Labour Force'. Labour Market Activities: Experienced Labour Force Refers to persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who were employed or unemployed during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day, and who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 1995 or in 1996. The experienced labour force can be derived by excluding from the total labour force those unemployed persons 15 years of age and over who have never worked or who had last worked prior to January 1, 1995 only. Return to footnote 158 referrer Footnote 159 Labour Market Activities: Class of Worker This variable classifies persons who reported a job into those who (a) worked mainly for wages, salaries, commissions or payments 'in kind' (payments in goods or services rather than money), (b) worked without pay in a family farm, business or professional practice owned or operated by a related household member, (c) worked mainly for themselves, with or without paid help. The job reported was the one held in the week prior to enumeration if the person was employed, or the job of longest duration since January 1, 1995, if the person was not employed during the reference week. Persons with two or more jobs in the reference week were to provide information for the job at which they worked the most hours. Incorporation status refers to the legal status of a business or farm. An incorporated business is a business or farm which has been formed into a legal corporation, having a legal entity under either federal or provincial laws. Labour Market Activities: Total Labour Force (in Reference Week) Refers to all persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who were either employed or unemployed during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day. Return to footnote 159 referrer Footnote 160 Unemployed persons 15 years of age and over who have never worked for pay or profit or who had worked only prior to January 1st of the previous year. Return to footnote 160 referrer Footnote 161 This category is also referred to as the 'Experienced Labour Force'. Labour Market Activities: Experienced Labour Force Refers to persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who were employed or unemployed during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day, and who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 1995 or in 1996. The experienced labour force can be derived by excluding from the total labour force those unemployed persons 15 years of age and over who have never worked or who had last worked prior to January 1, 1995 only. Return to footnote 161 referrer Footnote 162 Labour Market Activities: Class of Worker This variable classifies persons who reported a job into those who (a) worked mainly for wages, salaries, commissions or payments 'in kind' (payments in goods or services rather than money), (b) worked without pay in a family farm, business or professional practice owned or operated by a related household member, (c) worked mainly for themselves, with or without paid help. The job reported was the one held in the week prior to enumeration if the person was employed, or the job of longest duration since January 1, 1995, if the person was not employed during the reference week. Persons with two or more jobs in the reference week were to provide information for the job at which they worked the most hours. Incorporation status refers to the legal status of a business or farm. An incorporated business is a business or farm which has been formed into a legal corporation, having a legal entity under either federal or provincial laws. Return to footnote 162 referrer Footnote 163 Unemployed persons 15 years of age and over who have never worked for pay or profit or who had worked only prior to January 1st of the previous year. Return to footnote 163 referrer Footnote 164 This category is also referred to as the 'Experienced Labour Force'. Labour Market Activities: Experienced Labour Force Refers to persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who were employed or unemployed during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day, and who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 1995 or in 1996. The experienced labour force can be derived by excluding from the total labour force those unemployed persons 15 years of age and over who have never worked or who had last worked prior to January 1, 1995 only. Return to footnote 164 referrer Footnote 165 Labour Market Activities: Class of Worker This variable classifies persons who reported a job into those who (a) worked mainly for wages, salaries, commissions or payments 'in kind' (payments in goods or services rather than money), (b) worked without pay in a family farm, business or professional practice owned or operated by a related household member, (c) worked mainly for themselves, with or without paid help. The job reported was the one held in the week prior to enumeration if the person was employed, or the job of longest duration since January 1, 1995, if the person was not employed during the reference week. Persons with two or more jobs in the reference week were to provide information for the job at which they worked the most hours. Incorporation status refers to the legal status of a business or farm. An incorporated business is a business or farm which has been formed into a legal corporation, having a legal entity under either federal or provincial laws. Return to footnote 165 referrer Footnote 166 Unemployed persons 15 years of age and over who have never worked for pay or profit or who had worked only prior to January 1st of the previous year. Return to footnote 166 referrer Footnote 167 This category is also referred to as the 'Experienced Labour Force'. Labour Market Activities: Experienced Labour Force Refers to persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who were employed or unemployed during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day, and who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 1995 or in 1996. The experienced labour force can be derived by excluding from the total labour force those unemployed persons 15 years of age and over who have never worked or who had last worked prior to January 1, 1995 only. Return to footnote 167 referrer Footnote 168 Household Activities: Hours Spent Doing Unpaid Housework Refers to the number of hours persons spent doing unpaid housework, yard work or home maintenance in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day. It includes hours spent doing housework for one's own household or the household of others. Data are available for persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents. Return to footnote 168 referrer Footnote 169 Household Activities: Hours Spent Doing Unpaid Housework Refers to the number of hours persons spent doing unpaid housework, yard work or home maintenance in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day. It includes hours spent doing housework for one's own household or the household of others. Data are available for persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents. Return to footnote 169 referrer Footnote 170 Household Activities: Hours Spent Doing Unpaid Housework Refers to the number of hours persons spent doing unpaid housework, yard work or home maintenance in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day. It includes hours spent doing housework for one's own household or the household of others. Data are available for persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents. Return to footnote 170 referrer Footnote 171 Household Activities: Hours Spent Looking After Children, Without Pay Refers to the number of hours persons spent taking care of their own or someone else's children without pay in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day. Data are available for persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents. Return to footnote 171 referrer Footnote 172 Household Activities: Hours Spent Looking After Children, Without Pay Refers to the number of hours persons spent taking care of their own or someone else's children without pay in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day. Data are available for persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents. Return to footnote 172 referrer Footnote 173 Household Activities: Hours Spent Looking After Children, Without Pay Refers to the number of hours persons spent taking care of their own or someone else's children without pay in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day. Data are available for persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents. Return to footnote 173 referrer Footnote 174 Household Activities: Hours Spent Providing Unpaid Care or Assistance to Seniors Refers to the number of hours persons spent providing unpaid care or assistance to seniors in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day. Data are available for persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents. Return to footnote 174 referrer Footnote 175 Household Activities: Hours Spent Providing Unpaid Care or Assistance to Seniors Refers to the number of hours persons spent providing unpaid care or assistance to seniors in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day. Data are available for persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents. Return to footnote 175 referrer Footnote 176 Household Activities: Hours Spent Providing Unpaid Care or Assistance to Seniors Refers to the number of hours persons spent providing unpaid care or assistance to seniors in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day. Data are available for persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents. Return to footnote 176 referrer Footnote 177 Labour Market Activities: Employed Refers to persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who, during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day: (a) did any work at all for pay or in self-employment; or (b) were absent from their job or business for the entire week because of vacation, illness, a labour dispute at their place of work or other reasons. Journey to Work: Place of Work Status Refers to the place of work of non-institutional residents 15 years of age and over who have worked since January 1, 1995. The variable usually relates to the individual's job held in the week prior to enumeration. However, if the person had not worked during that week but had worked at some time since January 1, 1995, the information relates to the job held longest during that period. Supplementary Definition: Worked at home - Persons whose job is located in the same building as their place of residence, persons who live and work on the same farm, and teleworkers who spend most of their work week working at home. Worked outside Canada - Persons who work as diplomats, Armed Forces personnel and other persons enumerated abroad. Includes also recent immigrants who may not currently be employed but whose job of longest duration since January 1, 1995 was held outside Canada. No fixed workplace address - Persons who do not go from home to the same workplace location at the beginning of each shift. Such persons include building and landscape contractors, travelling salespersons, independent truck drivers, etc. Worked at the address specified below - Persons who are not included in the categories described above and who report to the same (usual) workplace location at the beginning of each shift are included here. Respondents were asked to provide the street address, city, town, village, township, municipality or Indian reserve, province/territory and postal code of their workplace. If the full street address was not known, the name of the building or nearest street intersection could be substituted. Teleworkers who spend less than one-half of their work week working at their home office were asked to report the full address of their employer. Persons whose actual workplace location varied but who reported regularly to an employer's headquarters at the beginning of each shift were asked to report the full address of the headquarters. For more information on the comparability of place of work status with previous censuses, please refer to the appendix on Historical Comparability of Journey to Work Data in the electronic documentation supplied with this product. Note on Comparability of 1996 Place of Work Data: Working at home can be measured in different ways. In the Census, the 'worked at home' category includes persons who live and work at the same physical location, such as farmers, teleworkers and work camp workers. In addition, the 1996 Census Guide instructed persons who worked part of the time at home and part of the time at an employer's address to indicate that they worked at home if most of their time was spent working at home (e.g. 3 days out of 5). The 1995 Survey of Work Arrangements asked respondents whether they did some or all of their paid work at home. The difference between the 1996 Census and the 1995 Survey of Work Arrangements work at home data is the result of differences in the way these workers are measured. The place of work question has been asked in virtually the same format in each census since 1971. However, the term 'no fixed workplace address' replaced 'no usual place of work' in 1996. For 1996, the Census questionnaire was modified by adding a check box for the 'no fixed workplace address' response category. In previous censuses, respondents were asked to write 'no usual place of work' in the address fields. It is believed that previous censuses have undercounted the number of persons with 'no fixed workplace address'. Annexations, incorporations and amalgamations of municipalities could create some difficulties when comparing spatial units and structures which change over time. Return to footnote 177 referrer Footnote 178 Labour Market Activities: Employed Refers to persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who, during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day: (a) did any work at all for pay or in self-employment; or (b) were absent from their job or business for the entire week because of vacation, illness, a labour dispute at their place of work or other reasons. Journey to Work: Mode of Transportation Refers to the mode of transportation to work of non-institutional residents 15 years of age and over who have worked since January 1, 1995. Persons who indicated in the place of work question that they either had no fixed workplace address, or specified a usual place of work address, were asked to identify the mode of transportation they most frequently used to commute between home and work. The variable usually relates to the individual's job in the week prior to enumeration. However, if the person had not worked during that week but had worked at some time since January 1, 1995, the information relates to the job held longest during that period. Supplementary Definition: Persons who use more than one mode of transportation were asked to identify the single mode they used for most of the travel distance. As a result, the question provides data on the primary mode of transportation to work. It does not measure multiple modes of transportation, nor does it measure seasonal variation in mode of transportation or trips made for purposes other than the commute between home and work. Note on Comparability of 1996 Place of Work Data: The place of work question has been asked in virtually the same format in each census since 1971. However, the term 'no fixed workplace' replaced 'no usual place of work' in 1996. For 1996, the Census questionnaire was modified by adding a check box for the 'no fixed workplace' response category. In previous censuses, respondents were asked to write 'no usual place of work' in the address fields. It is believed that previous censuses have undercounted the number of persons with 'no fixed workplace'. Annexations, incorporations and amalgamations of municipalities could create some difficulties when comparing spatial units and structures which change over time. Return to footnote 178 referrer Footnote 179 Schooling: School Attendance Refers to either full-time or part-time (day or evening) attendance at school, college or university during the eight-month period between September 1995 and May 14, 1996. Attendance is counted only for courses which could be used as credits towards a certificate, diploma or degree. Return to footnote 179 referrer Footnote 180 Schooling: Highest Level of Refers to the highest grade or year of elementary or secondary school attended, or the highest year of university or other non-university completed. University education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than other non-university. Also, the attainment of a degree, certificate or diploma is considered to be at a higher level than years completed or attended without an educational qualification. Note on Data Quality for Highest Level of Schooling: The overall quality of the education variables from the 1996 Census is acceptable. However, a specific data problem has been identified. There is an inconsistency in the 'Highest Grade of Elementary-secondary' variable in the province of Quebec. The proportion of persons with the value of 'No schooling or kindergarten only' has increased from 0.8% (44,440) in 1991 to 1.2% (72,070) in 1996. The problem appears to be the wording of Question 24 on the French 2B Census questionnaire. The 'Highest Level of Schooling' and 'Total Years of Schooling' variables are also affected as they are derived from a number of education questions including 'Highest Grade of Elementary-secondary'. Return to footnote 180 referrer Footnote 181 Includes 'Never attended school or attended kindergarten only'. Return to footnote 181 referrer Footnote 182 Refers to courses completed at postsecondary institutions which normally require a secondary school graduation certificate or equivalent for entrance, as well as to other courses in related or like institutions which may not require a secondary school graduation certificate for entrance. Return to footnote 182 referrer Footnote 183 Includes trades certificate or diploma, other non-university certificate or diploma and university certificate or diploma below bachelor level. Return to footnote 183 referrer Footnote 184 Includes trades certificate or diploma, other non-university certificate or diploma and university certificate or diploma below bachelor level. Return to footnote 184 referrer Footnote 185 Schooling: Major Field of Study (MFS) Refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest postsecondary degree, certificate or diploma. The major field of study classification structure consists of 10 broad or major categories: educational, recreational and counselling services; fine and applied arts; humanities and related fields; social sciences and related fields; commerce, management and business administration; agricultural and biological sciences/technologies; engineering and applied sciences; engineering and applied science technologies and trades; health professions, sciences and technologies; and mathematics and physical sciences. This structure is, in turn, subdivided into over 100 'minor' classification categories and about 425 'unit' groups. Return to footnote 185 referrer Footnote 186 Schooling: Major Field of Study (MFS) Refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest postsecondary degree, certificate or diploma. The major field of study classification structure consists of 10 broad or major categories: educational, recreational and counselling services; fine and applied arts; humanities and related fields; social sciences and related fields; commerce, management and business administration; agricultural and biological sciences/technologies; engineering and applied sciences; engineering and applied science technologies and trades; health professions, sciences and technologies; and mathematics and physical sciences. This structure is, in turn, subdivided into over 100 'minor' classification categories and about 425 'unit' groups. Return to footnote 186 referrer Footnote 187 Mobility 1: Mobility Status - Place of Residence 1 Year Ago Refers to the relationship between a person's usual place of residence on Census Day and his or her usual place of residence one year earlier. A person is classified as a non-mover if no difference exists. Otherwise, a person is classed as a mover and this categorization is called Mobility Status (1 Year Ago). Within the category movers, a further distinction is made between non-migrants and migrants; this difference is called migration status. Non-movers are persons who, on Census Day, were living at the same address which they occupied one year earlier. Movers are persons who, on Census Day, were living at a different address than the one at which they resided one year earlier. Non-migrants are movers who, on Census Day, were living at a different address but in the same census subdivision (CSD) that they occupied one year earlier. Migrants are movers who, on Census Day, were residing in a different CSD one year earlier (internal migrants) or who were living outside Canada one year earlier (external migrants). Return to footnote 187 referrer Footnote 188 Mobility 5: Mobility Status - Place of Residence 5 Years Ago Refers to the relationship between a person's usual place of residence on Census Day and his or her usual place of residence five years earlier. A person is classified as a non-mover if no difference exists. Otherwise, a person is classed as a mover and this categorization is called Mobility Status (5 Years Ago). Within the category movers, a further distinction is made between non-migrants and migrants; this difference is called migration status. Non-movers are persons who, on Census Day, were living at the same address which they occupied five years earlier. Movers are persons who, on Census Day, were living at a different address than the one at which they resided five years earlier. Non-migrants are movers who, on Census Day, were living at a different address but in the same census subdivision (CSD) that they occupied five years earlier. Migrants are movers who, on Census Day, were residing in a different CSD five years earlier (internal migrants) or who were living outside Canada five years earlier (external migrants). Return to footnote 188 referrer Footnote 189 Includes persons who did not work in 1995 but reported employment income. Income: Employment Income/Earnings Refers to total income received by persons 15 years of age and over during 1995 as: Wages and Salaries Refers to gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income tax, pensions and unemployment insurance. Included in this source are military pay and allowances, tips, commissions and cash bonuses, as well as all types of casual earnings during calendar year 1995. The value of taxable allowances and benefits provided by employers, such as free lodging and free automobile use, is excluded. Net Non-farm Income from Unincorporated Business and/or Professional Practice Refers to net income (gross receipts minus expenses of operation such as wages, rents and depreciation) received during calendar year 1995 from the respondent's non-farm unincorporated business or professional practice. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share was reported. Also included is net income of persons babysitting in their own homes, self-employed fishermen, hunters and trappers, operators of direct distributorships such as those selling and delivering cosmetics, as well as from freelance activities of artists, writers, music teachers, hairdressers, dressmakers, etc. Net Farm Income Refers to net income (gross receipts from farm sales minus depreciation and cost of operation) received during calendar year 1995 from the operation of a farm, either on own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share of income was reported. Also included are cash advances, dividends from cooperatives, gross insurance proceeds and all rebates and farm-support payments to farmers from federal, provincial and regional agricultural programs (e.g., milk subsidies and marketing board payments). However, the value of income 'in kind', such as agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm, is excluded. Supplementary definition: Average Income of Individuals Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals 15 years of age and over who reported income. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males 45 to 54 years of age) by the number of individuals with income in that group. This concept and procedure applies to total income, employment income, wages and salaries and any other component of income. Median Income of Individuals The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e. the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. This concept and procedure applies to total income, employment income, wages and salaries and any other component of income. Standard Error of Average Income Refers to the estimated standard error of average income for an income size distribution. If interpreted as shown below, it serves as a rough indicator of the precision of the corresponding estimate of average income. For about 68% of the samples which could be selected from the sample frame, the difference between the sample estimate of average income and the corresponding figure based on complete enumeration would be less than one standard error. For about 95% of the possible samples, the difference would be less than two standard errors and, in about 99% of the samples, the difference would be approximately two and a half standard errors. Sex Refers to the gender of the respondent. Labour Market Activities: Work Activity in 1995 (Derived) Refers to the number of weeks in which a person worked for pay or in self-employment in 1995 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week). Data are available for persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents. Weeks worked in the reference year include weeks of paid vacation, weeks on sick leave with pay and all weeks in which training was paid for by the employer. Persons who worked less than a year but who were paid on a twelve-month basis, such as school teachers, were instructed to report 52 weeks. Persons who operated a farm, business or professional practice for the full year, including weeks of vacation, were also instructed to report 52 weeks. The term 'full-year full-time workers' refers to persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who worked 49-52 weeks on a full time basis in the reference year for pay or in self-employment. Return to footnote 189 referrer Footnote 190 Worked 49-52 weeks in 1995, mostly full time. Return to footnote 190 referrer Footnote 191 Worked 49-52 weeks in 1995, mostly part time, or worked 1-49 weeks. Return to footnote 191 referrer Footnote 192 Includes persons who did not work in 1995 but reported employment income. Return to footnote 192 referrer Footnote 193 Worked 49-52 weeks in 1995, mostly full time. Return to footnote 193 referrer Footnote 194 Worked 49-52 weeks in 1995, mostly part time, or worked 1-49 weeks. Return to footnote 194 referrer Footnote 195 Includes persons who did not work in 1995 but reported employment income. Return to footnote 195 referrer Footnote 196 Worked 49-52 weeks in 1995, mostly full time. Return to footnote 196 referrer Footnote 197 Worked 49-52 weeks in 1995, mostly part time, or worked 1-49 weeks. Return to footnote 197 referrer Footnote 198 Percentages may not add to 100% due to rounding of the data. Income: Composition of Income The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area. Return to footnote 198 referrer Footnote 199 Income: Total Income Refers to the total money income received from the following sources during calendar year 1995 by persons 15 years of age and over: - wages and salaries (total); - net farm income; - net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice; - federal Child Tax benefits; - Old Age Security pension and Guaranteed Income Supplement; - benefits from Canada or Quebec Pension Plan; - benefits from Unemployment Insurance; - other income from government sources; - dividends, interest on bonds, deposits and savings certificates, and other investment income; - retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from RRSPs and RRIFs; - other money income. Receipts Not Counted as Income Gambling gains and losses, money inherited during the year, capital gains or losses, receipts from the sale of property or personal belongings, income tax refunds, loans received, loans repaid to an individual as the lender, lump-sum settlements of insurance policies, rebates of property taxes and other taxes, and refunds of pension contributions were excluded as was all income 'in kind' such as free meals, living accommodations, or agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm. Average Income of Individuals Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals 15 years of age and over who reported income. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males 45 to 54 years of age) by the number of individuals with income in that group. This concept and procedure applies to total income, employment income, wages and salaries and any other component of income. Median Income of Individuals The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e. the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. This concept and procedure applies to total income, employment income, wages and salaries and any other component of income. Standard Error of Average Income Refers to the estimated standard error of average income for an income size distribution. If interpreted as shown below, it serves as a rough indicator of the precision of the corresponding estimate of average income. For about 68% of the samples which could be selected from the sample frame, the difference between the sample estimate of average income and the corresponding figure based on complete enumeration would be less than one standard error. For about 95% of the possible samples, the difference would be less than two standard errors and, in about 99% of the samples, the difference would be approximately two and a half standard errors. Sex Refers to the gender of the respondent. Return to footnote 199 referrer Footnote 200 Including loss. Return to footnote 200 referrer Footnote 201 For persons with income. Return to footnote 201 referrer Footnote 202 For persons with income. Return to footnote 202 referrer Footnote 203 For persons with income. Return to footnote 203 referrer Footnote 204 Including loss. Return to footnote 204 referrer Footnote 205 For persons with income. Return to footnote 205 referrer Footnote 206 For persons with income. Return to footnote 206 referrer Footnote 207 For persons with income. Return to footnote 207 referrer Footnote 208 Including loss. Return to footnote 208 referrer Footnote 209 For persons with income. Return to footnote 209 referrer Footnote 210 For persons with income. Return to footnote 210 referrer Footnote 211 For persons with income. Return to footnote 211 referrer Footnote 212 Includes male and female lone-parent families. Income: Census Family Total Income The total income of a census family is the sum of the total incomes of all members of that family. Total Income Refers to the total money income received from the following sources during calendar year 1995 by persons 15 years of age and over: - wages and salaries (total); - net farm income; - net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice; - federal Child Tax benefits; - Old Age Security pension and Guaranteed Income Supplement; - benefits from Canada or Quebec Pension Plan; - benefits from Unemployment Insurance; - other income from government sources; - dividends, interest on bonds, deposits and savings certificates, and other investment income; - retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from RRSPs and RRIFs; - other money income. Receipts Not Counted as Income Gambling gains and losses, money inherited during the year, capital gains or losses, receipts from the sale of property or personal belongings, income tax refunds, loans received, loans repaid to an individual as the lender, lump-sum settlements of insurance policies, rebates of property taxes and other taxes, and refunds of pension contributions were excluded as was all income 'in kind' such as free meals, living accommodations, or agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm. Average Income of Census Families and Non-family Persons 15 Years of Age and Over Average census family income refers to the weighted mean total income of census families. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of families (e.g., husband-wife families with working wives) by the number of families in that group, whether or not they reported income. Similarly, the average income of a group of non-family persons is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of the specified group by the number of all non-family persons 15 years of age and over in the group, whether or not they reported income. Median Income of Census Families and Non-family Persons 15 Years of Age and Over The median income of a specified group of census families or non-family persons 15 years of age and over is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e. the incomes of the first half of the families or non-family persons are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. The median income of census families and non-family persons is calculated for all units in the specified group, whether or not they reported income. Standard Error of Average Income Refers to the estimated standard error of average income for an income size distribution. If interpreted as shown below, it serves as a rough indicator of the precision of the corresponding estimate of average income. For about 68% of the samples which could be selected from the sample frame, the difference between the sample estimate of average income and the corresponding figure based on complete enumeration would be less than one standard error. For about 95% of the possible samples, the difference would be less than two standard errors and, in about 99% of the samples, the difference would be approximately two and a half standard errors. Census Family Structure Refers to the classification of census families into families of now-married couples (with or without never-married sons or daughters of either or both spouses), families of common-law couples (with or without never-married sons or daughters of either or both partners) and lone-parent families by sex of parent. Supplementary definition: Families of now-married couples and those of common-law couples together constitute 'husband-wife families'. Return to footnote 212 referrer Footnote 213 Including loss. Return to footnote 213 referrer Footnote 214 Income: Census Family Total Income The total income of a census family is the sum of the total incomes of all members of that family. Total Income Refers to the total money income received from the following sources during calendar year 1995 by persons 15 years of age and over: - wages and salaries (total); - net farm income; - net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice; - federal Child Tax benefits; - Old Age Security pension and Guaranteed Income Supplement; - benefits from Canada or Quebec Pension Plan; - benefits from Unemployment Insurance; - other income from government sources; - dividends, interest on bonds, deposits and savings certificates, and other investment income; - retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from RRSPs and RRIFs; - other money income. Receipts Not Counted as Income Gambling gains and losses, money inherited during the year, capital gains or losses, receipts from the sale of property or personal belongings, income tax refunds, loans received, loans repaid to an individual as the lender, lump-sum settlements of insurance policies, rebates of property taxes and other taxes, and refunds of pension contributions were excluded as was all income 'in kind' such as free meals, living accommodations, or agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm. Average Income of Census Families and Non-family Persons 15 Years of Age and Over Average census family income refers to the weighted mean total income of census families. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of families (e.g., husband-wife families with working wives) by the number of families in that group, whether or not they reported income. Similarly, the average income of a group of non-family persons is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of the specified group by the number of all non-family persons 15 years of age and over in the group, whether or not they reported income. Median Income of Census Families and Non-family Persons 15 Years of Age and Over The median income of a specified group of census families or non-family persons 15 years of age and over is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e. the incomes of the first half of the families or non-family persons are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. The median income of census families and non-family persons is calculated for all units in the specified group, whether or not they reported income. Standard Error of Average Income Refers to the estimated standard error of average income for an income size distribution. If interpreted as shown below, it serves as a rough indicator of the precision of the corresponding estimate of average income. For about 68% of the samples which could be selected from the sample frame, the difference between the sample estimate of average income and the corresponding figure based on complete enumeration would be less than one standard error. For about 95% of the possible samples, the difference would be less than two standard errors and, in about 99% of the samples, the difference would be approximately two and a half standard errors. Census Family Structure Refers to the classification of census families into families of now-married couples (with or without never-married sons or daughters of either or both spouses), families of common-law couples (with or without never-married sons or daughters of either or both partners) and lone-parent families by sex of parent. Supplementary definition: Families of now-married couples and those of common-law couples together constitute 'husband-wife families'. Return to footnote 214 referrer Footnote 215 Including loss. Return to footnote 215 referrer Footnote 216 Census Family Structure Refers to the classification of census families into families of now-married couples (with or without never-married sons or daughters of either or both spouses), families of common-law couples (with or without never-married sons or daughters of either or both partners) and lone-parent families by sex of parent. Supplementary definition: Families of now-married couples and those of common-law couples together constitute 'husband-wife families'. Income: Census Family Total Income The total income of a census family is the sum of the total incomes of all members of that family. Total Income Refers to the total money income received from the following sources during calendar year 1995 by persons 15 years of age and over: - wages and salaries (total); - net farm income; - net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice; - federal Child Tax benefits; - Old Age Security pension and Guaranteed Income Supplement; - benefits from Canada or Quebec Pension Plan; - benefits from Unemployment Insurance; - other income from government sources; - dividends, interest on bonds, deposits and savings certificates, and other investment income; - retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from RRSPs and RRIFs; - other money income. Receipts Not Counted as Income Gambling gains and losses, money inherited during the year, capital gains or losses, receipts from the sale of property or personal belongings, income tax refunds, loans received, loans repaid to an individual as the lender, lump-sum settlements of insurance policies, rebates of property taxes and other taxes, and refunds of pension contributions were excluded as was all income 'in kind' such as free meals, living accommodations, or agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm. Average Income of Census Families and Non-family Persons 15 Years of Age and Over Average census family income refers to the weighted mean total income of census families. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of families (e.g., husband-wife families with working wives) by the number of families in that group, whether or not they reported income. Similarly, the average income of a group of non-family persons is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of the specified group by the number of all non-family persons 15 years of age and over in the group, whether or not they reported income. Median Income of Census Families and Non-family Persons 15 Years of Age and Over The median income of a specified group of census families or non-family persons 15 years of age and over is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e. the incomes of the first half of the families or non-family persons are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. The median income of census families and non-family persons is calculated for all units in the specified group, whether or not they reported income. Standard Error of Average Income Refers to the estimated standard error of average income for an income size distribution. If interpreted as shown below, it serves as a rough indicator of the precision of the corresponding estimate of average income. For about 68% of the samples which could be selected from the sample frame, the difference between the sample estimate of average income and the corresponding figure based on complete enumeration would be less than one standard error. For about 95% of the possible samples, the difference would be less than two standard errors and, in about 99% of the samples, the difference would be approximately two and a half standard errors. Return to footnote 216 referrer Footnote 217 Income: Census Family Total Income The total income of a census family is the sum of the total incomes of all members of that family. Total Income Refers to the total money income received from the following sources during calendar year 1995 by persons 15 years of age and over: - wages and salaries (total); - net farm income; - net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice; - federal Child Tax benefits; - Old Age Security pension and Guaranteed Income Supplement; - benefits from Canada or Quebec Pension Plan; - benefits from Unemployment Insurance; - other income from government sources; - dividends, interest on bonds, deposits and savings certificates, and other investment income; - retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from RRSPs and RRIFs; - other money income. Receipts Not Counted as Income Gambling gains and losses, money inherited during the year, capital gains or losses, receipts from the sale of property or personal belongings, income tax refunds, loans received, loans repaid to an individual as the lender, lump-sum settlements of insurance policies, rebates of property taxes and other taxes, and refunds of pension contributions were excluded as was all income 'in kind' such as free meals, living accommodations, or agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm. Average Income of Census Families and Non-family Persons 15 Years of Age and Over Average census family income refers to the weighted mean total income of census families. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of families (e.g., husband-wife families with working wives) by the number of families in that group, whether or not they reported income. Similarly, the average income of a group of non-family persons is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of the specified group by the number of all non-family persons 15 years of age and over in the group, whether or not they reported income. Median Income of Census Families and Non-family Persons 15 Years of Age and Over The median income of a specified group of census families or non-family persons 15 years of age and over is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e. the incomes of the first half of the families or non-family persons are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. The median income of census families and non-family persons is calculated for all units in the specified group, whether or not they reported income. Standard Error of Average Income Refers to the estimated standard error of average income for an income size distribution. If interpreted as shown below, it serves as a rough indicator of the precision of the corresponding estimate of average income. For about 68% of the samples which could be selected from the sample frame, the difference between the sample estimate of average income and the corresponding figure based on complete enumeration would be less than one standard error. For about 95% of the possible samples, the difference would be less than two standard errors and, in about 99% of the samples, the difference would be approximately two and a half standard errors. Census Family Status Refers to the classification of the population according to whether or not they are members of a census family. Family persons refers to household members who belong to a census family Non-family persons refers to household members who do not belong to a census family. They may be related to Person 1, the household reference person (e.g., Person 1's divorced brother, brother-in-law, cousin, grandparent), or unrelated (e.g., lodger, room-mate, employee). A person living alone is always a non-family person. Sex Refers to the gender of the respondent. Return to footnote 217 referrer Footnote 218 Including loss. Return to footnote 218 referrer Footnote 219 Including loss. Return to footnote 219 referrer Footnote 220 Including loss. Return to footnote 220 referrer Footnote 221 Economic Family Refers to a group of two or more persons who live in the same dwelling and are related to each other by blood, marriage, common-law or adoption. Supplementary definition: The economic family concept requires only that family members be related by blood, marriage, common-law or adoption. By contrast, the census family concept requires that family members be either male or female spouse, male or female common-law partner or never-married son or daughter with a parent present. The concept of economic family may therefore refer to a larger group of persons than does the census family concept. For example: a widowed mother living with her married son and daughter-in-law would be treated as a non-family person under the definition of a census family. That same person would, however, be counted as a member of an economic family along with her son and daughter-in-law. Two or more related families living together also constitute one economic family as, for example, a man and his wife living with their married son and daughter-in-law. Two or more brothers or sisters living together, apart from their parents, will form an economic family, but not a census family since they do not meet the requirements for the latter. All census family persons are economic family persons. Return to footnote 221 referrer Footnote 222 Income: Incidence of Low Income The incidence of low income is the proportion or percentage of economic families or unattached individuals in a given classification below the low income cut-offs. These incidence rates are calculated from unrounded estimates of economic families and unattached individuals 15 years of age and over. Since all members of an economic family share a common status, incidence of low income can also be calculated for the population in private households. Income Status Refers to the position of an economic family or an unattached individual 15 years of age and over in relation to Statistics Canada's low income cut-offs (LICOs). Low Income Cut-offs (LICOs) Measures of low income known as low income cut-offs (LICOs) were first introduced in Canada in 1968 based on 1961 Census income data and 1959 family expenditure patterns. At that time, expenditure patterns indicated that Canadian families spent about 50% of their income on food, shelter and clothing. It was arbitrarily estimated that families spending 70% or more of their income on these basic necessities would be in 'straitened' circumstances. With this assumption, low income cut-off points were set for five different sizes of families. Subsequent to these initial cut-offs, revised low income cut-offs were established based on national family expenditure data from 1969, 1978, 1986 and 1992. These data indicated that Canadian families spent, on average, 42% in 1969, 38.5% in 1978, 36.2% in 1986 and 34.7% in 1992 of their income on basic necessities. By adding the original difference of 20 percentage points to the basic level of expenditure on necessities, new low income cut-offs were set at income levels differentiated by family size and degree of urbanization. Since then, these cut-offs have been updated yearly by changes in the consumer price index. Note: For more information on Low Income Cut-offs (LICOs) and for the 1990 and 1995 matrices of Low Income Cut-offs, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. c:\Rec96cen\Document\English\Other\Specnotes.txt Return to footnote 222 referrer Footnote 223 Unattached Individual Refers to a household member who is not a member of an economic family. Unattached individuals may either live alone or in a household where they are not related to any other member of that household. Income statistics are produced for unattached individuals who are at least 15 years of age. Return to footnote 223 referrer Footnote 224 Income: Incidence of Low Income The incidence of low income is the proportion or percentage of economic families or unattached individuals in a given classification below the low income cut-offs. These incidence rates are calculated from unrounded estimates of economic families and unattached individuals 15 years of age and over. Since all members of an economic family share a common status, incidence of low income can also be calculated for the population in private households. Income Status Refers to the position of an economic family or an unattached individual 15 years of age and over in relation to Statistics Canada's low income cut-offs (LICOs). Low Income Cut-offs (LICOs) Measures of low income known as low income cut-offs (LICOs) were first introduced in Canada in 1968 based on 1961 Census income data and 1959 family expenditure patterns. At that time, expenditure patterns indicated that Canadian families spent about 50% of their income on food, shelter and clothing. It was arbitrarily estimated that families spending 70% or more of their income on these basic necessities would be in 'straitened' circumstances. With this assumption, low income cut-off points were set for five different sizes of families. Subsequent to these initial cut-offs, revised low income cut-offs were established based on national family expenditure data from 1969, 1978, 1986 and 1992. These data indicated that Canadian families spent, on average, 42% in 1969, 38.5% in 1978, 36.2% in 1986 and 34.7% in 1992 of their income on basic necessities. By adding the original difference of 20 percentage points to the basic level of expenditure on necessities, new low income cut-offs were set at income levels differentiated by family size and degree of urbanization. Since then, these cut-offs have been updated yearly by changes in the consumer price index. Note: For more information on Low Income Cut-offs (LICOs) and for the 1990 and 1995 matrices of Low Income Cut-offs, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. c:\Rec96cen\Document\English\Other\Specnotes.txt Return to footnote 224 referrer Footnote 225 Household, Private Refers to a person or a group of persons (other than foreign residents) who occupy a private dwelling and do not have a usual place of residence elsewhere in Canada. Return to footnote 225 referrer Footnote 226 Income: Incidence of Low Income The incidence of low income is the proportion or percentage of economic families or unattached individuals in a given classification below the low income cut-offs. These incidence rates are calculated from unrounded estimates of economic families and unattached individuals 15 years of age and over. Since all members of an economic family share a common status, incidence of low income can also be calculated for the population in private households. Income Status Refers to the position of an economic family or an unattached individual 15 years of age and over in relation to Statistics Canada's low income cut-offs (LICOs). Low Income Cut-offs (LICOs) Measures of low income known as low income cut-offs (LICOs) were first introduced in Canada in 1968 based on 1961 Census income data and 1959 family expenditure patterns. At that time, expenditure patterns indicated that Canadian families spent about 50% of their income on food, shelter and clothing. It was arbitrarily estimated that families spending 70% or more of their income on these basic necessities would be in 'straitened' circumstances. With this assumption, low income cut-off points were set for five different sizes of families. Subsequent to these initial cut-offs, revised low income cut-offs were established based on national family expenditure data from 1969, 1978, 1986 and 1992. These data indicated that Canadian families spent, on average, 42% in 1969, 38.5% in 1978, 36.2% in 1986 and 34.7% in 1992 of their income on basic necessities. By adding the original difference of 20 percentage points to the basic level of expenditure on necessities, new low income cut-offs were set at income levels differentiated by family size and degree of urbanization. Since then, these cut-offs have been updated yearly by changes in the consumer price index. Note: For more information on Low Income Cut-offs (LICOs) and for the 1990 and 1995 matrices of Low Income Cut-offs, please refer to the electronic documentation supplied with this product. c:\Rec96cen\Document\English\Other\Specnotes.txt Return to footnote 226 referrer Footnote 227 Income: Household Total Income The total income of a household is the sum of the total incomes of all members of that household. Total Income Refers to the total money income received from the following sources during calendar year 1995 by persons 15 years of age and over: - wages and salaries (total); - net farm income; - net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice; - federal Child Tax benefits; - Old Age Security pension and Guaranteed Income Supplement; - benefits from Canada or Quebec Pension Plan; - benefits from Unemployment Insurance; - other income from government sources; - dividends, interest on bonds, deposits and savings certificates, and other investment income; - retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from RRSPs and RRIFs; - other money income. Receipts Not Counted as Income Gambling gains and losses, money inherited during the year, capital gains or losses, receipts from the sale of property or personal belongings, income tax refunds, loans received, loans repaid to an individual as the lender, lump-sum settlements of insurance policies, rebates of property taxes and other taxes, and refunds of pension contributions were excluded as was all income 'in kind' such as free meals, living accommodations, or agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm. Average Income of Households Average household income refers to the weighted mean total income of households. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of households (e.g., family households) by the number of households in that group, whether or not they reported income. Median Income of Households The median income of a specified group of households is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e. the incomes of the first half of households are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. The median income of households is calculated for all units in the specified group, whether or not they reported income. Standard Error of Average Income Refers to the estimated standard error of average income for an income size distribution. If interpreted as shown below, it serves as a rough indicator of the precision of the corresponding estimate of average income. For about 68% of the samples which could be selected from the sample frame, the difference between the sample estimate of average income and the corresponding figure based on complete enumeration would be less than one standard error. For about 95% of the possible samples, the difference would be less than two standard errors and, in about 99% of the samples, the difference would be approximately two and a half standard errors. Household, Private Refers to a person or a group of persons (other than foreign residents) who occupy a private dwelling and do not have a usual place of residence elsewhere in Canada. Household Size Refers to the number of persons in a private household. Return to footnote 227 referrer Footnote 228 Including loss. Return to footnote 228 referrer Footnote 229 Including loss. Return to footnote 229 referrer Footnote 230 Including loss. Return to footnote 230 referrer Footnote 231 Economic Family Refers to a group of two or more persons who live in the same dwelling and are related to each other by blood, marriage, common-law or adoption. Household, Private Refers to a person or a group of persons (other than foreign residents) who occupy a private dwelling and do not have a usual place of residence elsewhere in Canada. Return to footnote 231 referrer Footnote 232 Economic Family Status Refers to the classification of population according to whether or not they are members of an economic family. Economic family persons refers to two or more household members who are related to each other by blood, marriage, common-law or adoption and thereby constitute an economic family. Unattached individuals refers to household members who are not members of an economic family. A person living alone is always an unattached individual. Return to footnote 232 referrer Footnote 233 Economic Family Status Refers to the classification of population according to whether or not they are members of an economic family. Economic family persons refers to two or more household members who are related to each other by blood, marriage, common-law or adoption and thereby constitute an economic family. Unattached individuals refers to household members who are not members of an economic family. A person living alone is always an unattached individual. Return to footnote 233 referrer Footnote 234 Census Family Structure Refers to the classification of census families into families of now-married couples (with or without never-married sons or daughters of either or both spouses), families of common-law couples (with or without never-married sons or daughters of either or both partners) and lone-parent families by sex of parent. Census Family Status Refers to the classification of the population according to whether or not they are members of a census family. Family persons refers to household members who belong to a census family. They, in turn, are further classified as follows: Spouses refers to persons of opposite sex who are legally married to each other and living in the same dwelling. Common-law partners are two persons of opposite sex who are not legally married to each other but live together as husband and wife in the same dwelling. Lone parent refers to a mother or a father, with no spouse or common-law partner present, living in a dwelling with one or more never-married sons and/or daughters. Never-married sons and/or daughters refers to blood, step or adopted sons and daughters who have never married (regardless of age) and are living in the same dwelling as their parent(s). Sons and daughters who are currently or were previously married, or who are living common-law, are not considered to be members of their parent(s)' census family even if they are living in the same dwelling. In addition, those never-married sons and daughters who do not live in the same dwelling as their parent(s) are not considered members of their parent(s)' census family. Labour Market Activities: Labour Force Activity Refers to the labour market activity of the population 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day. Respondents were classified as either employed, unemployed or not in the labour force. Employed Refers to persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who, during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day: (a) did any work at all for pay or in self-employment; or (b) were absent from their job or business for the entire week because of vacation, illness, a labour dispute at their place of work or other reasons. Unemployed Refers to persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who, during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day, were without paid work and were available for work and either: (a) had actively looked for work in the past four weeks; or (b) were on temporary lay-off and expected to return to their job; or (c) had definite arrangements to start a new job in four weeks or less. Not in Labour Force Refers to those persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who, in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day, were neither employed nor unemployed. It includes persons who did not work for pay or in self-employment in the week prior to enumeration and (a) did not look for paid work in the four weeks prior to enumeration, (b) were not on temporary lay-off and (c) did not have a new job to start in four weeks or less. It also includes persons who looked for work during the last four weeks but were not available to start work in the week prior to enumeration. Total Labour Force (in Reference Week) Refers to all persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who were either employed or unemployed during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day. Participation Rate Refers to the total labour force in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day, expressed as a percentage of the population 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents. The participation rate for a particular group (age, sex, marital status, geographic area, etc.) is the total labour force in that group, expressed as a percentage of the population in that group. Employment-population Ratio Refers to the number of persons employed in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day, expressed as a percentage of the total population 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents. The employment-population ratio for a particular group (age, sex, marital status, geographic area, etc.) is the number employed in that group, expressed as a percentage of the population 15 years of age and over in that group. Unemployment Rate Refers to the unemployed labour force expressed as a percentage of the total labour force in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day. Data are available for persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents. The unemployment rate for a particular group (age, sex, marital status, geographic area, etc.) is the unemployed labour force in that group, expressed as a percentage of the total labour force in that group, in the week prior to enumeration. Return to footnote 234 referrer Footnote 235 Dwelling, Occupied Private Refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons are permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on Census Day. Unless otherwise specified, all data in housing reports are for occupied private dwellings rather than unoccupied private dwellings or dwellings occupied solely by foreign and/or temporary residents. Return to footnote 235 referrer Footnote 236 Rooms Refers to the number of rooms in a dwelling. A room is an enclosed area within a dwelling which is finished and suitable for year-round living. Dwelling Refers to a set of living quarters in which a person or a group of persons reside or could reside. Return to footnote 236 referrer Footnote 237 Users of 1996 Census data on Number of Bedrooms are cautioned that the counts for dwellings having no bedroom may be too high, due to the editing procedure used in processing the 1996 data. It is estimated that, at the national level, the counts for dwellings with no bedroom may be over-reported by 25%. These dwellings would have been classified as having one bedroom. The over-reporting is concentrated among dwellings with two rooms. Bedrooms Refers to all rooms designed and furnished as bedrooms and used mainly for sleeping purposes, even though the use may be occasional (i.e., spare bedroom). Dwelling Refers to a set of living quarters in which a person or a group of persons reside or could reside. Return to footnote 237 referrer Footnote 238 Value of Dwelling Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the dwelling were to be sold. Dwelling Refers to a set of living quarters in which a person or a group of persons reside or could reside. Return to footnote 238 referrer Footnote 239 Tenure Refers to whether some member of the household owns or rents the dwelling, or whether the dwelling is Band housing (on an Indian reserve or settlement). Return to footnote 239 referrer Footnote 240 Tenure Refers to whether some member of the household owns or rents the dwelling, or whether the dwelling is Band housing (on an Indian reserve or settlement). Return to footnote 240 referrer Footnote 241 Condition of Dwelling Refers to whether, in the judgement of the respondent, the dwelling requires any repairs (excluding desirable remodelling or additions). Return to footnote 241 referrer Footnote 242 Condition of Dwelling Refers to whether, in the judgement of the respondent, the dwelling requires any repairs (excluding desirable remodelling or additions). Return to footnote 242 referrer Footnote 243 Period of Construction Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. Return to footnote 243 referrer Footnote 244 Period of Construction Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. Return to footnote 244 referrer Footnote 245 Period of Construction Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. Return to footnote 245 referrer Footnote 246 Period of Construction Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. Return to footnote 246 referrer Footnote 247 Period of Construction Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. Return to footnote 247 referrer Footnote 248 Period of Construction Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. Return to footnote 248 referrer Footnote 249 Household, Private Refers to a person or a group of persons (other than foreign residents) who occupy a private dwelling and do not have a usual place of residence elsewhere in Canada. Household Type Refers to the basic division of private households into family and non-family households. Family household refers to a household that contains at least one census family, that is a married couple with or without never-married sons or daughters, or a couple living common-law with or without never-married sons or daughters, or a lone parent living with one or more never-married sons or daughters (lone-parent family). One-family household refers to a single census family (with or without other non-family persons) that occupies a private dwelling. Multiple-family household refers to one in which two or more census families (with or without additional non-family persons) occupy the same private dwelling. Non-family household refers to either one person living alone in a private dwelling or to a group of two or more people who share a private dwelling, but who do not constitute a census family. Census Family Refers to a now-married couple (with or without never-married sons and/or daughters of either or both spouses), a couple living common-law (with or without never-married sons and/or daughters of either or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one never-married son or daughter living in the same dwelling. Census Family Status Refers to the classification of the population according to whether or not they are members of a census family. Family persons refers to household members who belong to a census family. They, in turn, are further classified as follows: Spouses refers to persons of opposite sex who are legally married to each other and living in the same dwelling. Common-law partners are two persons of opposite sex who are not legally married to each other but live together as husband and wife in the same dwelling. Lone parent refers to a mother or a father, with no spouse or common-law partner present, living in a dwelling with one or more never-married sons and/or daughters. Never-married sons and/or daughters refers to blood, step or adopted sons and daughters who have never married (regardless of age) and are living in the same dwelling as their parent(s). Sons and daughters who are currently or were previously married, or who are living common-law, are not considered to be members of their parent(s)' census family even if they are living in the same dwelling. In addition, those never-married sons and daughters who do not live in the same dwelling as their parent(s) are not considered members of their parent(s)' census family. Return to footnote 249 referrer Footnote 250 Household, Private Refers to a person or a group of persons (other than foreign residents) who occupy a private dwelling and do not have a usual place of residence elsewhere in Canada. Return to footnote 250 referrer Footnote 251 Rent, Gross Refers to the total average monthly payments paid by tenant households to secure shelter. Return to footnote 251 referrer Footnote 252 Gross Rent as a Percentage of Household Income Refers to the proportion of average monthly 1995 total household income which is spent on gross rent (for tenant-occupied dwellings). Calculation - Gross Rent X 100 ÷ Total annual household income in 1995 ÷ 12. Return to footnote 252 referrer Footnote 253 Owner's Major Payments Refers to the total average monthly payments made by owner households to secure shelter. Return to footnote 253 referrer Footnote 254 Owner's Major Payments or Gross Rent as a Percentage of Household Income Refers to the proportion of average monthly 1995 total household income which is spent on owner's major payments (in the case of owner-occupied dwellings) or on gross rent (in the case of tenant-occupied dwellings). Return to footnote 254 referrer
Population, 1991 (100% data) ^{Footnote 1}	318,499
Population, 1996 (100% data) ^{Footnote 2}	322,352
Population percentage change, 1991-1996	1.2
Land area in square kilometres, 1996	122.99
Total population by sex and age groups (100% data) ^{Footnote 3}	322,350
Male, total	156,085
0-4	11,020
5-9	10,670
10-14	10,040
15	1,945
16	1,940
17	1,960
18	1,960
19	1,970
15-19	9,775
20-24	10,890
25-29	12,635
30-34	14,475
35-39	13,400
40-44	11,210
45-49	10,070
50-54	7,925
55-59	7,030
60-64	6,835
65-69	6,780
70-74	6,065
75-79	3,760
80-84	2,265
85+	1,255
Female, total	166,265
0-4	10,560
5-9	10,000
10-14	9,530
15	1,865
16	1,810
17	1,830
18	1,895
19	2,015
15-19	9,410
20-24	11,720
25-29	12,865
30-34	14,125
35-39	13,340
40-44	11,925
45-49	10,720
50-54	8,245
55-59	7,520
60-64	7,615
65-69	8,090
70-74	8,080
75-79	5,460
80-84	3,860
85+	3,195
Total population 15 years and over by legal marital status (100% data) ^{Footnote 4}	260,540
Never married (single)	79,805
Legally married (and not separated)	129,425
Separated, but still legally married	9,175
Divorced	21,305
Widowed	20,830
Total number of census families in private households by family size (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 5}	86,865
Size of census family, 2 persons	40,100
Size of census family, 3 persons	19,985
Size of census family, 4 persons	18,410
Size of census family, 5 or more persons	8,370
Total husband-wife families by family structure (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 6}	70,820
Total families of now-married couples	63,835
Total without sons and/or daughters at home	26,475
Total with sons and/or daughters at home	37,360
1 son or daughter	13,820
2 sons and/or daughters	16,015
3 or more sons and/or daughters	7,530
Total families of common-law couples	6,990
Total without sons and/or daughters at home	4,315
Total with sons and/or daughters at home	2,680
1 son or daughter	1,395
2 sons and/or daughters	930
3 or more sons and/or daughters	350
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 7}	16,040
Male parent	2,290
1 son or daughter	1,560
2 sons and/or daughters	545
3 or more sons and/or daughters	190
Female parent	13,745
1 son or daughter	7,755
2 sons and/or daughters	4,230
3 or more sons and/or daughters	1,760
Total number of never-married sons and/or daughters at home (20% sample data)	100,565
Under 6 years of age	25,185
6 - 14 years	35,485
15 - 17 years	10,420
18 - 24 years	18,515
25 years and over	10,955
Average number of never-married sons and/or daughters at home per census family ^{Footnote 8}	1.2
Total number of persons in private households (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 9}	317,680
Number of non-family persons	59,425
Living with relatives ^{Footnote 10}	10,445
Living with non-relatives only ^{Footnote 11}	10,610
Living alone	38,370
Number of family persons	258,255
Average number of persons per census family	3.0
Total number of persons 65 years and over (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 12}	46,260
Number of non-family persons 65 years and over	18,925
Living with relatives ^{Footnote 13}	3,425
Living with non-relatives only ^{Footnote 14}	650
Living alone	14,845
Number of family persons 65 years and over	27,340
Total number of occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 15}	129,395
Single-detached house	66,955
Semi-detached house	4,450
Row house	10,405
Apartment, detached duplex	4,395
Apartment building, five or more storeys	28,530
Apartment building, less than five storeys	14,325
Other single attached house	330
Movable dwelling ^{Footnote 16}	0
Total number of private households by household size (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 17}	129,395
1 person	38,370
2 persons	39,920
3 persons	20,905
4 - 5 persons	26,885
6 or more persons	3,310
Total population by citizenship (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 18}	318,595
Canadian citizenship	297,465
Citizenship other than Canadian	21,125
Total population by place of birth (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 19}	318,595
Non-immigrant population ^{Footnote 20}	231,705
Born in province of residence	207,030
Total immigrants by selected countries of birth ^{Footnote 21}	84,790
United Kingdom	14,455
Italy	11,200
United States	2,385
Hong Kong	780
India	2,150
China, People's Republic of	1,395
Poland	5,805
Philippines	2,160
Germany	2,725
Portugal	5,080
Viet Nam	2,315
Netherlands	1,785
Jamaica	1,965
Greece	1,440
Guyana	1,075
Sri Lanka	140
Lebanon	395
France	290
Trinidad and Tobago	835
Yugoslavia ^{Footnote 22}	3,380
Hungary	1,845
Haiti	15
Taiwan	185
Iran ^{Footnote 23}	715
Romania	1,040
Korea, South ^{Footnote 24}	495
Ukraine	940
Pakistan	835
El Salvador	1,210
Egypt	275
Croatia	2,490
Russian Federation	225
Ireland, Republic of (Eire)	555
South Africa, Republic of	325
Mexico	195
Austria	430
Chile	245
Belgium	195
Fiji	90
Morocco	20
Denmark ^{Footnote 25}	135
Czechoslovakia, n.i.e. ^{Footnote 26}	265
Malaysia	85
Cambodia ^{Footnote 27}	610
Switzerland	75
Tanzania, United Republic of	80
Kenya	165
Iraq	1,030
Somalia	140
Israel	65
All other places of birth	8,055
Non-permanent residents ^{Footnote 28}	2,095
Total recent immigrants by selected countries of birth (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 29}	13,095
Hong Kong	220
China, People's Republic of	530
India	610
Philippines	880
Sri Lanka	115
Poland	1,320
Taiwan	150
Viet Nam	500
United States	395
United Kingdom	280
Yugoslavia ^{Footnote 30}	1,055
Iran ^{Footnote 31}	290
Jamaica	390
Lebanon	170
Romania	405
Pakistan	515
Korea, South ^{Footnote 32}	140
Guyana	245
Trinidad and Tobago	190
El Salvador	520
Somalia	120
France	20
Haiti	0
Russian Federation	65
Iraq	560
Portugal	250
Bosnia and Herzegovina	165
Mexico	60
Germany	25
Egypt	95
Ukraine	90
Ghana	45
Ethiopia ^{Footnote 33}	10
South Africa, Republic of	30
Bangladesh	55
Afghanistan	115
Peru	40
Guatemala	125
Fiji	40
Morocco	10
All other places of birth	2,255
Total immigrant population by period of immigration (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 34}	84,790
Before 1961, period of immigration	25,280
1961-1970, period of immigration	16,960
1971-1980, period of immigration	13,555
1981-1990, period of immigration	15,890
1991-1996, period of immigration ^{Footnote 35}	13,095
Total immigrant population by age at immigration (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 36}	84,790
0-4 years, age at immigration	8,750
5-19 years, age at immigration	23,795
20 years and over, age at immigration	52,240
Total population by mother tongue (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 37}	318,590
Single responses	313,790
English	233,675
French	4,865
Non-official languages	75,250
Italian	15,250
Chinese	4,155
German	3,995
Portuguese	6,640
Polish	6,905
Ukrainian	2,205
Spanish	3,620
Dutch	1,750
Punjabi	1,715
Greek	1,900
Arabic	2,360
Tagalog (Pilipino)	1,565
Hungarian	2,450
Vietnamese	2,155
Cree	0
Persian (Farsi)	810
Croatian	3,305
Gujarati	310
Korean	645
Russian	320
Hindi	385
Tamil	120
Japanese	315
Creoles	30
Finnish	105
Czech	250
Armenian	270
Yiddish	75
Urdu	745
Inuktitut (Eskimo)	0
Romanian	945
Ojibway	10
Danish	125
Slovak	335
Macedonian	365
Khmer (Cambodian)	920
Norwegian	35
Hebrew	35
Estonian	205
Swedish	65
Lao	350
Lithuanian	670
Serbian	2,595
Latvian (Lettish)	445
Slovenian	360
Turkish	180
Bengali	205
Maltese	135
Flemish	45
Montagnais-Naskapi	0
Bulgarian	70
Micmac	0
Gaelic languages	40
South Slave	0
Chipewyan	0
Dogrib	0
Kutchin-Gwich'in (Loucheux)	0
Tlingit	0
Serbo-Croatian	280
Dakota/Sioux	0
Malay-Bahasa	75
Blackfoot	0
Malayalam	105
Thai	20
Kurdish	165
Pashto	0
Other languages ^{Footnote 38}	2,075
Multiple responses	4,800
English and French	615
English and non-official language	3,995
French and non-official language	115
English, French and non-official language	75
Total population by knowledge of official languages (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 39}	318,590
English only	291,380
French only	245
English and French	19,610
Neither English nor French	7,345
Total population by first official language spoken (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 40}	318,595
English	305,405
French	4,655
English and French	1,385
Neither English nor French	7,140
Official language minority - (number) ^{Footnote 41}	5,350
Official language minority - (percentage) ^{Footnote 42}	1.7
Total population by home language (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 43}	318,590
Single responses	310,645
English	267,370
French	1,310
Non-official languages	41,965
Chinese	3,340
Italian	7,415
Portuguese	4,135
Spanish	2,500
German	775
Polish	4,045
Punjabi	1,170
Greek	930
Vietnamese	1,920
Arabic	1,910
Cree	0
Tagalog (Pilipino)	1,060
Ukrainian	790
Persian (Farsi)	460
Korean	470
Hungarian	880
Tamil	65
Gujarati	185
Croatian	1,870
Armenian	165
Inuktitut (Eskimo)	0
Hindi	230
Urdu	520
Japanese	115
Russian	155
Creoles	25
Dutch	160
Khmer (Cambodian)	835
Ojibway	0
Romanian	625
Czech	55
Lao	320
Macedonian	210
Finnish	0
Montagnais-Naskapi	0
Hebrew	0
Yiddish	15
Serbian	1,815
Bengali	125
Slovak	125
Estonian	120
Turkish	60
Lithuanian	400
Latvian (Lettish)	175
Micmac	0
Slovenian	190
Bulgarian	35
Serbo-Croatian	205
Dakota/Sioux	0
South Slave	0
Malay-Bahasa	35
Maltese	25
Blackfoot	0
Dogrib	0
Danish	0
Swedish	0
Malayalam	70
Thai	0
Kurdish	95
Pashto	10
Flemish	0
Chipewyan	0
Kutchin-Gwich'in (Loucheux)	0
Norwegian	0
Gaelic languages	0
Tlingit	0
Other languages ^{Footnote 44}	1,110
Multiple responses	7,950
English and French	465
English and non-official language	7,400
French and non-official language	30
English, French and non-official language	50
Knowledge of non-official languages (20% sample data): Italian ^{Footnote 45}	20,060
German	6,515
Chinese	4,590
Spanish	5,420
Portuguese	7,790
Ukrainian	2,780
Polish	8,050
Dutch	2,275
Punjabi	2,195
Arabic	3,190
Greek	2,580
Tagalog (Pilipino)	2,200
Vietnamese	2,885
Hindi	1,180
Hungarian	2,925
Cree	10
Russian	1,175
Gujarati	440
Yiddish	295
Hebrew	335
Urdu	1,215
Creoles	150
Persian (Farsi)	980
Croatian	3,975
Japanese	490
Korean	690
Tamil	155
Finnish	120
Armenian	350
Romanian	1,090
Ojibway	25
Czech	335
Danish	160
Non-verbal languages	570
Inuktitut (Eskimo)	0
Turkish	305
Macedonian	545
Slovak	405
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,230
Swedish	150
Swahili	240
Norwegian	95
Lao	470
Malay-Bahasa	140
Serbian	3,080
Lithuanian	755
Estonian	230
Latvian (Lettish)	525
Bengali	215
Maltese	200
Flemish	50
Slovenian	510
Gaelic languages	60
Sinhalese	80
Montagnais-Naskapi	0
Serbo-Croatian	325
Thai	70
Micmac	0
Blackfoot	0
Bulgarian	90
Malayalam	90
Dakota/Sioux	0
South Slave	0
Icelandic	10
Nishga	0
Frisian	110
Chipewyan	0
Kutchin-Gwich'in (Loucheux)	0
Tlingit	0
Dogrib	0
Kurdish	205
Pashto	15
Other languages ^{Footnote 46}	2,660
Total population by Aboriginal groups and non-Aboriginal population (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 47}	318,590
Total Aboriginal population	4,130
North American Indian single response ^{Footnote 48}	3,560
Métis single response	430
Inuit single response	15
Multiple Aboriginal responses	20
Other Aboriginal response ^{Footnote 49}	110
Total non-Aboriginal population	314,460
Total population by ethnic origin (single and multiple responses) (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 50}	318,595
Total population - Single responses ^{Footnote 51}	199,560
Total population - Multiple responses ^{Footnote 52}	119,030
Canadian - Total responses ^{Footnote 53}	75,100
Canadian - Single responses ^{Footnote 54}	35,685
Canadian - Multiple responses ^{Footnote 55}	39,420
French - Total responses	28,350
French - Single responses	4,685
French - Multiple responses	23,665
English - Total responses	94,690
English - Single responses	32,150
English - Multiple responses	62,545
Chinese - Total responses ^{Footnote 56}	5,575
Chinese - Single responses ^{Footnote 57}	4,345
Chinese - Multiple responses ^{Footnote 58}	1,235
Italian - Total responses	35,635
Italian - Single responses	24,480
Italian - Multiple responses	11,155
German - Total responses	25,345
German - Single responses	5,575
German - Multiple responses	19,765
Scottish - Total responses	60,160
Scottish - Single responses	13,425
Scottish - Multiple responses	46,730
Irish - Total responses	45,855
Irish - Single responses	5,840
Irish - Multiple responses	40,010
East Indian - Total responses ^{Footnote 59}	4,735
East Indian - Single responses ^{Footnote 60}	3,520
East Indian - Multiple responses ^{Footnote 61}	1,210
North American Indian - Total responses	6,610
North American Indian - Single responses	1,600
North American Indian - Multiple responses	5,015
Ukrainian - Total responses	10,835
Ukrainian - Single responses	3,920
Ukrainian - Multiple responses	6,920
Dutch (Netherlands) - Total responses ^{Footnote 62}	11,215
Dutch (Netherlands) - Single responses ^{Footnote 63}	3,960
Dutch (Netherlands) - Multiple responses ^{Footnote 64}	7,255
Polish - Total responses	15,790
Polish - Single responses	8,150
Polish - Multiple responses	7,640
Portuguese - Total responses	9,580
Portuguese - Single responses	8,225
Portuguese - Multiple responses	1,355
Filipino - Total responses	2,745
Filipino - Single responses	2,270
Filipino - Multiple responses	475
Jewish - Total responses	2,560
Jewish - Single responses	1,165
Jewish - Multiple responses	1,395
Greek - Total responses	3,310
Greek - Single responses	2,240
Greek - Multiple responses	1,070
Jamaican - Total responses ^{Footnote 65}	3,660
Jamaican - Single responses ^{Footnote 66}	2,445
Jamaican - Multiple responses ^{Footnote 67}	1,215
Vietnamese - Total responses	2,655
Vietnamese - Single responses	2,300
Vietnamese - Multiple responses	350
Hungarian (Magyar) - Total responses	6,130
Hungarian (Magyar) - Single responses	2,940
Hungarian (Magyar) - Multiple responses	3,185
Lebanese - Total responses	845
Lebanese - Single responses	480
Lebanese - Multiple responses	360
Spanish - Total responses	2,880
Spanish - Single responses	1,395
Spanish - Multiple responses	1,490
Haitian - Total responses ^{Footnote 68}	90
Haitian - Single responses ^{Footnote 69}	35
Haitian - Multiple responses ^{Footnote 70}	50
Korean - Total responses	780
Korean - Single responses	750
Korean - Multiple responses	30
Québécois - Total responses	20
Québécois - Single responses	0
Québécois - Multiple responses	10
Croatian - Total responses	4,835
Croatian - Single responses	3,780
Croatian - Multiple responses	1,055
Iranian - Total responses	845
Iranian - Single responses	730
Iranian - Multiple responses	115
Japanese - Total responses	995
Japanese - Single responses	710
Japanese - Multiple responses	285
Métis - Total responses	555
Métis - Single responses	100
Métis - Multiple responses	460
Norwegian - Total responses	860
Norwegian - Single responses	125
Norwegian - Multiple responses	735
Russian - Total responses	1,695
Russian - Single responses	200
Russian - Multiple responses	1,490
British, n.i.e. - Total responses ^{Footnote 71}	2,265
British, n.i.e. - Single responses ^{Footnote 72}	800
British, n.i.e. - Multiple responses ^{Footnote 73}	1,465
Romanian - Total responses	2,015
Romanian - Single responses	1,015
Romanian - Multiple responses	1,000
Danish - Total responses	875
Danish - Single responses	200
Danish - Multiple responses	680
Finnish - Total responses	680
Finnish - Single responses	140
Finnish - Multiple responses	540
Inuit - Total responses	55
Inuit - Single responses	10
Inuit - Multiple responses	45
Arab, n.i.e. - Total responses ^{Footnote 74}	1,445
Arab, n.i.e. - Single responses ^{Footnote 75}	1,135
Arab, n.i.e. - Multiple responses ^{Footnote 76}	310
Sri Lankan - Total responses	125
Sri Lankan - Single responses	115
Sri Lankan - Multiple responses	10
Belgian - Total responses	475
Belgian - Single responses	190
Belgian - Multiple responses	280
West Indian - Total responses ^{Footnote 77}	830
West Indian - Single responses ^{Footnote 78}	545
West Indian - Multiple responses ^{Footnote 79}	285
Swedish - Total responses	1,130
Swedish - Single responses	130
Swedish - Multiple responses	1,000
Punjabi - Total responses	400
Punjabi - Single responses	200
Punjabi - Multiple responses	200
African (Black), n.i.e. - Total responses ^{Footnote 80}	965
African (Black), n.i.e. - Single responses ^{Footnote 81}	375
African (Black), n.i.e. - Multiple responses ^{Footnote 82}	585
Serbian - Total responses	3,050
Serbian - Single responses	2,440
Serbian - Multiple responses	610
Somali - Total responses ^{Footnote 83}	285
Somali - Single responses ^{Footnote 84}	245
Somali - Multiple responses ^{Footnote 85}	40
Austrian - Total responses	1,680
Austrian - Single responses	340
Austrian - Multiple responses	1,340
Yugoslav, n.i.e. - Total responses ^{Footnote 86}	2,280
Yugoslav, n.i.e. - Single responses ^{Footnote 87}	1,150
Yugoslav, n.i.e. - Multiple responses ^{Footnote 88}	1,135
Black - Total responses ^{Footnote 89}	675
Black - Single responses ^{Footnote 90}	480
Black - Multiple responses ^{Footnote 91}	195
Welsh - Total responses	4,555
Welsh - Single responses	405
Welsh - Multiple responses	4,150
Pakistani - Total responses	965
Pakistani - Single responses	710
Pakistani - Multiple responses	255
South Asian, n.i.e. - Total responses ^{Footnote 92}	555
South Asian, n.i.e. - Single responses ^{Footnote 93}	480
South Asian, n.i.e. - Multiple responses ^{Footnote 94}	75
Armenian - Total responses	590
Armenian - Single responses	325
Armenian - Multiple responses	265
Czech - Total responses	790
Czech - Single responses	195
Czech - Multiple responses	595
Egyptian - Total responses	315
Egyptian - Single responses	240
Egyptian - Multiple responses	75
Chilean - Total responses	370
Chilean - Single responses	315
Chilean - Multiple responses	60
Swiss - Total responses	495
Swiss - Single responses	50
Swiss - Multiple responses	450
Trinidadian/Tobagonian - Total responses ^{Footnote 95}	680
Trinidadian/Tobagonian - Single responses ^{Footnote 96}	375
Trinidadian/Tobagonian - Multiple responses ^{Footnote 97}	310
Guyanese - Total responses ^{Footnote 98}	910
Guyanese - Single responses ^{Footnote 99}	535
Guyanese - Multiple responses ^{Footnote 100}	375
American - Total responses	1,705
American - Single responses	95
American - Multiple responses	1,610
Latin/Central/South American, n.i.e. - Total responses ^{Footnote 101}	560
Latin/Central/South American, n.i.e. - Single responses ^{Footnote 102}	450
Latin/Central/South American, n.i.e. - Multiple responses ^{Footnote 103}	110
Slovak - Total responses	885
Slovak - Single responses	425
Slovak - Multiple responses	455
Salvadorean - Total responses	420
Salvadorean - Single responses	350
Salvadorean - Multiple responses	70
Macedonian - Total responses	515
Macedonian - Single responses	295
Macedonian - Multiple responses	220
Acadian - Total responses	155
Acadian - Single responses	20
Acadian - Multiple responses	135
Tamil - Total responses	25
Tamil - Single responses	25
Tamil - Multiple responses	0
Cambodian - Total responses	1,150
Cambodian - Single responses	1,040
Cambodian - Multiple responses	115
Slovenian - Total responses	730
Slovenian - Single responses	425
Slovenian - Multiple responses	305
Maltese - Total responses	510
Maltese - Single responses	225
Maltese - Multiple responses	290
Laotian - Total responses	495
Laotian - Single responses	400
Laotian - Multiple responses	95
Ethiopian - Total responses ^{Footnote 104}	60
Ethiopian - Single responses ^{Footnote 105}	60
Ethiopian - Multiple responses ^{Footnote 106}	0
Ghanaian - Total responses ^{Footnote 107}	90
Ghanaian - Single responses ^{Footnote 108}	85
Ghanaian - Multiple responses ^{Footnote 109}	10
Lithuanian - Total responses	1,350
Lithuanian - Single responses	780
Lithuanian - Multiple responses	565
Afghan - Total responses	130
Afghan - Single responses	125
Afghan - Multiple responses	0
Icelandic - Total responses	120
Icelandic - Single responses	10
Icelandic - Multiple responses	110
Estonian - Total responses	305
Estonian - Single responses	205
Estonian - Multiple responses	95
Turk - Total responses	265
Turk - Single responses	135
Turk - Multiple responses	135
Latvian - Total responses	785
Latvian - Single responses	425
Latvian - Multiple responses	365
Barbadian - Total responses ^{Footnote 110}	500
Barbadian - Single responses ^{Footnote 111}	235
Barbadian - Multiple responses ^{Footnote 112}	265
Syrian - Total responses	395
Syrian - Single responses	265
Syrian - Multiple responses	135
Czechoslovakian - Total responses ^{Footnote 113}	475
Czechoslovakian - Single responses ^{Footnote 114}	105
Czechoslovakian - Multiple responses ^{Footnote 115}	370
Mexican - Total responses	195
Mexican - Single responses	75
Mexican - Multiple responses	120
Peruvian - Total responses	65
Peruvian - Single responses	20
Peruvian - Multiple responses	45
Moroccan - Total responses	20
Moroccan - Single responses	10
Moroccan - Multiple responses	10
Iraqi - Total responses	540
Iraqi - Single responses	430
Iraqi - Multiple responses	105
Bosnian - Total responses	130
Bosnian - Single responses	115
Bosnian - Multiple responses	15
Palestinian - Total responses	130
Palestinian - Single responses	110
Palestinian - Multiple responses	15
Scandinavian, n.i.e. - Total responses ^{Footnote 116}	280
Scandinavian, n.i.e. - Single responses ^{Footnote 117}	30
Scandinavian, n.i.e. - Multiple responses ^{Footnote 118}	245
Caribbean, n.i.e. - Total responses ^{Footnote 119}	230
Caribbean, n.i.e. - Single responses ^{Footnote 120}	85
Caribbean, n.i.e. - Multiple responses ^{Footnote 121}	150
European, n.i.e. - Total responses ^{Footnote 122}	140
European, n.i.e. - Single responses ^{Footnote 123}	85
European, n.i.e. - Multiple responses ^{Footnote 124}	50
Bulgarian - Total responses	220
Bulgarian - Single responses	70
Bulgarian - Multiple responses	150
Guatemalan - Total responses	240
Guatemalan - Single responses	115
Guatemalan - Multiple responses	125
Bangladeshi - Total responses	20
Bangladeshi - Single responses	20
Bangladeshi - Multiple responses	0
Taiwanese - Total responses ^{Footnote 125}	65
Taiwanese - Single responses ^{Footnote 126}	65
Taiwanese - Multiple responses ^{Footnote 127}	0
Colombian - Total responses	70
Colombian - Single responses	55
Colombian - Multiple responses	15
Eritrean - Total responses ^{Footnote 128}	0
Eritrean - Single responses ^{Footnote 129}	0
Eritrean - Multiple responses ^{Footnote 130}	0
Fijian - Total responses	20
Fijian - Single responses	0
Fijian - Multiple responses	25
Ecuadorian - Total responses	40
Ecuadorian - Single responses	35
Ecuadorian - Multiple responses	0
Algerian - Total responses	10
Algerian - Single responses	0
Algerian - Multiple responses	0
Nigerian - Total responses ^{Footnote 131}	60
Nigerian - Single responses ^{Footnote 132}	25
Nigerian - Multiple responses ^{Footnote 133}	40
Hispanic - Total responses	165
Hispanic - Single responses	120
Hispanic - Multiple responses	40
Total - Total population by visible minority population	318,590
Total visible minority population ^{Footnote 134}	35,720
Black	8,035
South Asian	6,110
Chinese	4,870
Korean	740
Japanese	890
Southeast Asian	4,125
Filipino	2,755
Arab/West Asian	3,635
Latin American	3,075
Visible minority, n.i.e. ^{Footnote 135}	730
Multiple visible minority ^{Footnote 136}	745
All others ^{Footnote 137}	282,865
Total population 15 years and over by labour force activity (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 138}	256,785
In the labour force	154,600
Employed	138,125
Unemployed	16,475
Not in the labour force	102,185
Participation rate	60.2
Employment-population ratio	53.8
Unemployment rate	10.7
Total population 15-24 years by labour force activity (20% sample data)	41,590
In the labour force	25,690
Employed	20,410
Unemployed	5,280
Not in the labour force	15,900
Participation rate	61.8
Employment-population ratio	49.1
Unemployment rate	20.6
Total population 25 years and over by labour force activity (20% sample data)	215,200
In the labour force	128,910
Employed	117,715
Unemployed	11,195
Not in the labour force	86,285
Participation rate	59.9
Employment-population ratio	54.7
Unemployment rate	8.7
Males 15 years and over by labour force activity (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 139}	122,755
In the labour force	82,380
Employed	73,575
Unemployed	8,805
Not in the labour force	40,375
Participation rate	67.1
Employment-population ratio	59.9
Unemployment rate	10.7
Males 15-24 years by labour force activity (20% sample data)	20,655
In the labour force	12,920
Employed	10,180
Unemployed	2,745
Not in the labour force	7,735
Participation rate	62.6
Employment-population ratio	49.3
Unemployment rate	21.2
Males 25 years and over by labour force activity (20% sample data)	102,100
In the labour force	69,460
Employed	63,395
Unemployed	6,065
Not in the labour force	32,640
Participation rate	68.0
Employment-population ratio	62.1
Unemployment rate	8.7
Females 15 years and over by labour force activity (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 140}	134,035
In the labour force	72,220
Employed	64,550
Unemployed	7,675
Not in the labour force	61,810
Participation rate	53.9
Employment-population ratio	48.2
Unemployment rate	10.6
Females 15-24 years by labour force activity (20% sample data)	20,935
In the labour force	12,765
Employed	10,235
Unemployed	2,540
Not in the labour force	8,165
Participation rate	61.0
Employment-population ratio	48.9
Unemployment rate	19.9
Females 25 years and over by labour force activity (20% sample data)	113,100
In the labour force	59,450
Employed	54,315
Unemployed	5,135
Not in the labour force	53,645
Participation rate	52.6
Employment-population ratio	48.0
Unemployment rate	8.6
Population 15 years and over in private households by presence of children and labour force activity (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 141}	255,935
In the labour force	154,330
Employed	137,940
Unemployed	16,385
Not in the labour force	101,605
Participation rate	60.3
Employment-population ratio	53.9
Unemployment rate	10.6
Population 15 years and over in private households with no children at home	159,820
In the labour force	84,520
Employed	74,045
Unemployed	10,475
Not in the labour force	75,300
Participation rate	52.9
Employment-population ratio	46.3
Unemployment rate	12.4
Population 15 years and over in private households with children at home	96,115
In the labour force	69,805
Employed	63,895
Unemployed	5,915
Not in the labour force	26,305
Participation rate	72.6
Employment-population ratio	66.5
Unemployment rate	8.5
Population 15 years and over in private households with children under 6 years only	19,940
In the labour force	15,510
Employed	13,895
Unemployed	1,615
Not in the labour force	4,425
Participation rate	77.8
Employment-population ratio	69.7
Unemployment rate	10.4
Population 15 years and over in private households with children under 6 years and children 6 years and over	13,240
In the labour force	9,595
Employed	8,670
Unemployed	925
Not in the labour force	3,645
Participation rate	72.5
Employment-population ratio	65.5
Unemployment rate	9.6
Population 15 years and over in private households with children 6 years and over only	62,935
In the labour force	44,700
Employed	41,330
Unemployed	3,370
Not in the labour force	18,235
Participation rate	71.0
Employment-population ratio	65.7
Unemployment rate	7.5
Males 15 years and over in private households by presence of children and labour force activity (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 142}	122,170
In the labour force	82,190
Employed	73,455
Unemployed	8,730
Not in the labour force	39,980
Participation rate	67.3
Employment-population ratio	60.1
Unemployment rate	10.6
Males 15 years and over in private households with no children at home	79,835
In the labour force	46,995
Employed	40,510
Unemployed	6,480
Not in the labour force	32,840
Participation rate	58.9
Employment-population ratio	50.7
Unemployment rate	13.8
Males 15 years and over in private households with children at home	42,330
In the labour force	35,190
Employed	32,940
Unemployed	2,245
Not in the labour force	7,140
Participation rate	83.1
Employment-population ratio	77.8
Unemployment rate	6.4
Males 15 years and over in private households with children under 6 years only	8,775
In the labour force	8,250
Employed	7,635
Unemployed	615
Not in the labour force	525
Participation rate	94.0
Employment-population ratio	87.0
Unemployment rate	7.5
Males 15 years and over in private households with children under 6 years and children 6 years and over	5,895
In the labour force	5,310
Employed	4,990
Unemployed	315
Not in the labour force	585
Participation rate	90.1
Employment-population ratio	84.6
Unemployment rate	5.9
Males 15 years and over in private households with children 6 years and over only	27,665
In the labour force	21,630
Employed	20,315
Unemployed	1,315
Not in the labour force	6,030
Participation rate	78.2
Employment-population ratio	73.4
Unemployment rate	6.1
Females 15 years and over in private households by presence of children and labour force activity (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 143}	133,765
In the labour force	72,140
Employed	64,485
Unemployed	7,655
Not in the labour force	61,625
Participation rate	53.9
Employment-population ratio	48.2
Unemployment rate	10.6
Females 15 years and over in private households with no children at home	79,980
In the labour force	37,525
Employed	33,535
Unemployed	3,990
Not in the labour force	42,455
Participation rate	46.9
Employment-population ratio	41.9
Unemployment rate	10.6
Females 15 years and over in private households with children at home	53,785
In the labour force	34,615
Employed	30,950
Unemployed	3,665
Not in the labour force	19,165
Participation rate	64.4
Employment-population ratio	57.5
Unemployment rate	10.6
Females 15 years and over in private households with children under 6 years only	11,165
In the labour force	7,265
Employed	6,265
Unemployed	1,000
Not in the labour force	3,905
Participation rate	65.1
Employment-population ratio	56.1
Unemployment rate	13.8
Females 15 years and over in private households with children under 6 years and children 6 years and over	7,345
In the labour force	4,285
Employed	3,680
Unemployed	610
Not in the labour force	3,060
Participation rate	58.3
Employment-population ratio	50.1
Unemployment rate	14.2
Females 15 years and over in private households with children 6 years and over only	35,270
In the labour force	23,070
Employed	21,010
Unemployed	2,060
Not in the labour force	12,200
Participation rate	65.4
Employment-population ratio	59.6
Unemployment rate	8.9
Total labour force 15 years and over by industry divisions (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 144}	154,600
Industry - Not applicable ^{Footnote 145}	7,075
All industries ^{Footnote 146}	147,525
Division A - Agricultural and related service industries	1,230
Division B - Fishing and trapping industries	25
Division C - Logging and forestry industries	45
Division D - Mining (including milling), quarrying and oil well industries	195
Division E - Manufacturing industries	31,885
Division F - Construction industries	7,650
Division G - Transportation and storage industries	4,550
Division H - Communication and other utility industries	3,850
Division I - Wholesale trade industries	6,635
Division J - Retail trade industries	20,300
Division K - Finance and insurance industries	4,915
Division L - Real estate operator and insurance agent industries	2,935
Division M - Business service industries	8,320
Division N - Government service industries ^{Footnote 147}	5,280
Division O - Educational service industries	10,825
Division P - Health and social service industries ^{Footnote 148}	17,250
Division Q - Accommodation, food and beverage service industries	10,180
Division R - Other service industries ^{Footnote 149}	11,450
Total labour force 15 years and over by occupational broad categories and occupation major groups (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 150}	154,605
Occupation - Not applicable ^{Footnote 151}	7,080
All occupations ^{Footnote 152}	147,525
A Management occupations	9,310
A0 Senior management occupations	830
A1 Specialist managers	1,590
A2 Managers in retail trade, food and accommodation services	4,180
A3 Other managers n.e.c.	2,710
B Business, finance and administrative occupations	26,455
B0 Professional occupations in business and finance	1,795
B1 Finance and insurance administrative occupations	1,885
B2 Secretaries	3,390
B3 Administrative and regulatory occupations	1,830
B4 Clerical supervisors	840
B5 Clerical occupations	16,705
C Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	5,945
C0 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	3,050
C1 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	2,895
D Health occupations	8,480
D0 Professional occupations in health	1,350
D1 Nurse supervisors and registered nurses	2,990
D2 Technical and related occupations in health	1,965
D3 Assisting occupations in support of health services	2,170
E Occupations in social science, education, government service and religion	9,150
E0 Judges, lawyers, psychologists, social workers, ministers of religion, and policy and program officers	2,365
E1 Teachers and professors	5,670
E2 Paralegals, social services workers and occupations in education and religion n.e.c.	1,115
F Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	3,185
F0 Professional occupations in art and culture	1,355
F1 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,830
G Sales and service occupations	41,975
G0 Sales and service supervisors	980
G1 Wholesale, technical, insurance, real estate sales specialists, and retail, wholesale and grain buyers	3,555
G2 Retail salespersons and sales clerks	6,590
G3 Cashiers	3,430
G4 Chefs and cooks	2,155
G5 Occupations in food and beverage service	2,835
G6 Occupations in protective services	2,305
G7 Occupations in travel and accommodation including attendants in recreation and sport	820
G8 Childcare and home support workers	3,445
G9 Sales and service occupations n.e.c.	15,845
H Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	22,945
H0 Contractors and supervisors in trades and transportation	1,265
H1 Construction trades	3,070
H2 Stationary engineers, power station operators and electrical trades and telecommunications occupations	1,750
H3 Machinists, metal forming, shaping and erecting occupations	1,735
H4 Mechanics	4,010
H5 Other trades n.e.c.	1,035
H6 Heavy equipment and crane operators including drillers	1,620
H7 Transportation equipment operators and related workers, excluding labourers	4,725
H8 Trades helpers, construction, and transportation labourers and related occupations	3,725
I Occupations unique to primary industry	1,950
I0 Occupations unique to agriculture excluding labourers	990
I1 Occupations unique to forestry operations, mining, oil and gas extraction, and fishing, excluding labourers	65
I2 Primary production labourers	890
J Occupations unique to processing, manufacturing and utilities	18,125
J0 Supervisors in manufacturing	1,570
J1 Machine operators in manufacturing	8,570
J2 Assemblers in manufacturing	2,900
J3 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	5,080
Male labour force 15 years and over by occupational broad categories and occupation major groups (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 153}	82,380
Occupation - Not applicable ^{Footnote 154}	3,335
All occupations ^{Footnote 155}	79,045
A Management occupations	5,740
A0 Senior management occupations	600
A1 Specialist managers	1,135
A2 Managers in retail trade, food and accommodation services	2,160
A3 Other managers n.e.c.	1,840
B Business, finance and administrative occupations	7,525
B0 Professional occupations in business and finance	1,030
B1 Finance and insurance administrative occupations	440
B2 Secretaries	75
B3 Administrative and regulatory occupations	635
B4 Clerical supervisors	345
B5 Clerical occupations	5,000
C Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	5,060
C0 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	2,525
C1 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	2,535
D Health occupations	1,495
D0 Professional occupations in health	630
D1 Nurse supervisors and registered nurses	190
D2 Technical and related occupations in health	435
D3 Assisting occupations in support of health services	240
E Occupations in social science, education, government service and religion	3,905
E0 Judges, lawyers, psychologists, social workers, ministers of religion, and policy and program officers	1,135
E1 Teachers and professors	2,440
E2 Paralegals, social services workers and occupations in education and religion n.e.c.	325
F Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,650
F0 Professional occupations in art and culture	670
F1 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	980
G Sales and service occupations	16,975
G0 Sales and service supervisors	475
G1 Wholesale, technical, insurance, real estate sales specialists, and retail, wholesale and grain buyers	2,520
G2 Retail salespersons and sales clerks	2,280
G3 Cashiers	330
G4 Chefs and cooks	1,205
G5 Occupations in food and beverage service	470
G6 Occupations in protective services	1,830
G7 Occupations in travel and accommodation including attendants in recreation and sport	330
G8 Childcare and home support workers	250
G9 Sales and service occupations n.e.c.	7,280
H Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	21,745
H0 Contractors and supervisors in trades and transportation	1,185
H1 Construction trades	3,005
H2 Stationary engineers, power station operators and electrical trades and telecommunications occupations	1,685
H3 Machinists, metal forming, shaping and erecting occupations	1,680
H4 Mechanics	3,965
H5 Other trades n.e.c.	880
H6 Heavy equipment and crane operators including drillers	1,595
H7 Transportation equipment operators and related workers, excluding labourers	4,215
H8 Trades helpers, construction, and transportation labourers and related occupations	3,525
I Occupations unique to primary industry	1,460
I0 Occupations unique to agriculture excluding labourers	655
I1 Occupations unique to forestry operations, mining, oil and gas extraction, and fishing, excluding labourers	65
I2 Primary production labourers	740
J Occupations unique to processing, manufacturing and utilities	13,490
J0 Supervisors in manufacturing	1,330
J1 Machine operators in manufacturing	6,230
J2 Assemblers in manufacturing	2,345
J3 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	3,595
Female labour force 15 years and over by occupational broad categories and occupation major groups (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 156}	72,220
Occupation - Not applicable ^{Footnote 157}	3,745
All occupations ^{Footnote 158}	68,480
A Management occupations	3,570
A0 Senior management occupations	225
A1 Specialist managers	460
A2 Managers in retail trade, food and accommodation services	2,015
A3 Other managers n.e.c.	870
B Business, finance and administrative occupations	18,930
B0 Professional occupations in business and finance	770
B1 Finance and insurance administrative occupations	1,445
B2 Secretaries	3,315
B3 Administrative and regulatory occupations	1,190
B4 Clerical supervisors	495
B5 Clerical occupations	11,715
C Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	890
C0 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	530
C1 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	360
D Health occupations	6,985
D0 Professional occupations in health	720
D1 Nurse supervisors and registered nurses	2,795
D2 Technical and related occupations in health	1,540
D3 Assisting occupations in support of health services	1,930
E Occupations in social science, education, government service and religion	5,245
E0 Judges, lawyers, psychologists, social workers, ministers of religion, and policy and program officers	1,225
E1 Teachers and professors	3,230
E2 Paralegals, social services workers and occupations in education and religion n.e.c.	790
F Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,530
F0 Professional occupations in art and culture	680
F1 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	855
G Sales and service occupations	24,995
G0 Sales and service supervisors	505
G1 Wholesale, technical, insurance, real estate sales specialists, and retail, wholesale and grain buyers	1,030
G2 Retail salespersons and sales clerks	4,310
G3 Cashiers	3,100
G4 Chefs and cooks	955
G5 Occupations in food and beverage service	2,365
G6 Occupations in protective services	475
G7 Occupations in travel and accommodation including attendants in recreation and sport	490
G8 Childcare and home support workers	3,195
G9 Sales and service occupations n.e.c.	8,565
H Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,195
H0 Contractors and supervisors in trades and transportation	75
H1 Construction trades	65
H2 Stationary engineers, power station operators and electrical trades and telecommunications occupations	65
H3 Machinists, metal forming, shaping and erecting occupations	60
H4 Mechanics	45
H5 Other trades n.e.c.	160
H6 Heavy equipment and crane operators including drillers	20
H7 Transportation equipment operators and related workers, excluding labourers	505
H8 Trades helpers, construction, and transportation labourers and related occupations	200
I Occupations unique to primary industry	495
I0 Occupations unique to agriculture excluding labourers	340
I1 Occupations unique to forestry operations, mining, oil and gas extraction, and fishing, excluding labourers	0
I2 Primary production labourers	155
J Occupations unique to processing, manufacturing and utilities	4,630
J0 Supervisors in manufacturing	245
J1 Machine operators in manufacturing	2,340
J2 Assemblers in manufacturing	555
J3 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	1,490
Total labour force 15 years and over by class of worker (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 159}	154,605
Class of worker - Not applicable ^{Footnote 160}	7,075
All classes of worker ^{Footnote 161}	147,525
Paid workers	138,530
Employees	135,775
Self-employed (incorporated)	2,755
Without paid help	935
With paid help	1,820
Self-employed (unincorporated)	8,665
Without paid help	6,115
With paid help	2,550
Unpaid family workers	325
Male labour force 15 years and over by class of worker (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 162}	82,380
Class of worker - Not applicable ^{Footnote 163}	3,335
All classes of worker ^{Footnote 164}	79,045
Paid workers	73,185
Employees	71,025
Self-employed (incorporated)	2,155
Without paid help	750
With paid help	1,405
Self-employed (unincorporated)	5,725
Without paid help	3,845
With paid help	1,875
Unpaid family workers	135
Female labour force 15 years and over by class of worker (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 165}	72,220
Class of worker - Not applicable ^{Footnote 166}	3,740
All classes of worker ^{Footnote 167}	68,480
Paid workers	65,350
Employees	64,750
Self-employed (incorporated)	600
Without paid help	190
With paid help	415
Self-employed (unincorporated)	2,940
Without paid help	2,270
With paid help	670
Unpaid family workers	190
Population 15 years and over by hours of unpaid housework (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 168}	256,790
No hours of housework	30,005
Less than 5 hours of housework	57,735
5 to 14 hours of housework	78,890
15 to 29 hours of housework	49,595
30 to 59 hours of housework	28,485
60 or more hours of housework	12,075
Males 15 years and over by hours of unpaid housework (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 169}	122,760
No hours of housework	18,940
Less than 5 hours of housework	37,495
5 to 14 hours of housework	40,660
15 to 29 hours of housework	17,225
30 to 59 hours of housework	6,625
60 or more hours of housework	1,805
Females 15 years and over by hours of unpaid housework (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 170}	134,030
No hours of housework	11,065
Less than 5 hours of housework	20,240
5 to 14 hours of housework	38,230
15 to 29 hours of housework	32,365
30 to 59 hours of housework	21,860
60 or more hours of housework	10,275
Population 15 years and over by hours of unpaid childcare (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 171}	256,790
No hours of childcare	165,045
Less than 5 hours of childcare	21,670
5 to 14 hours of childcare	22,430
15 to 29 hours of childcare	15,995
30 to 59 hours of childcare	13,225
60 or more hours of childcare	18,425
Males 15 years and over by hours of unpaid childcare (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 172}	122,755
No hours of childcare	84,010
Less than 5 hours of childcare	11,175
5 to 14 hours of childcare	11,655
15 to 29 hours of childcare	7,545
30 to 59 hours of childcare	4,600
60 or more hours of childcare	3,770
Females 15 years and over by hours of unpaid childcare (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 173}	134,030
No hours of childcare	81,035
Less than 5 hours of childcare	10,490
5 to 14 hours of childcare	10,775
15 to 29 hours of childcare	8,450
30 to 59 hours of childcare	8,625
60 or more hours of childcare	14,655
Population 15 years and over by hours of unpaid care to seniors (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 174}	256,790
No hours of care to seniors	216,995
Less than 5 hours of care to seniors	24,400
5 to 9 hours of care to seniors	8,715
10 or more hours of care to seniors	6,680
Males 15 years and over by hours of unpaid care to seniors (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 175}	122,760
No hours of care to seniors	107,105
Less than 5 hours of care to seniors	10,260
5 to 9 hours of care to seniors	3,155
10 or more hours of care to seniors	2,240
Females 15 years and over by hours of unpaid care to seniors (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 176}	134,035
No hours of care to seniors	109,895
Less than 5 hours of care to seniors	14,140
5 to 9 hours of care to seniors	5,565
10 or more hours of care to seniors	4,435
Total employed labour force 15 years and over by place of work status (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 177}	138,125
Males	73,575
Usual place of work	63,615
At home	2,445
Outside Canada	175
No fixed workplace	7,340
Females	64,550
Usual place of work	59,250
At home	2,570
Outside Canada	130
No fixed workplace	2,595
Total employed labour force 15 years and over by mode of transportation (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 178}	132,800
Males with usual place of work or no fixed workplace	70,955
Car, truck, van as driver	55,715
Car, truck, van as passenger	4,095
Public transit	5,940
Walked to work	3,640
Bicycle	1,025
Motorcycle	95
Taxicab	85
Other method	360
Females with usual place of work or no fixed workplace	61,845
Car, truck, van as driver	38,490
Car, truck, van as passenger	6,920
Public transit	9,610
Walked to work	6,145
Bicycle	200
Motorcycle	0
Taxicab	190
Other method	290
Total population, 15 to 24 years by school attendance (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 179}	41,585
Not attending school	14,745
Attending school full-time	24,190
Attending school part-time	2,650
Total population 15 years and over by highest level of schooling (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 180}	256,785
Less than grade 9 ^{Footnote 181}	34,470
Grades 9 to 13	104,045
Without secondary school graduation certificate	67,430
With secondary school graduation certificate	36,620
Trades certificate or diploma	9,720
Other non-university education only ^{Footnote 182}	63,695
Without certificate or diploma	18,245
With certificate or diploma ^{Footnote 183}	45,450
University	44,855
Without degree	19,370
Without certificate or diploma	9,975
With certificate or diploma ^{Footnote 184}	9,390
With bachelor's degree or higher	25,485
Males with postsecondary qualifications by major field of study (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 185}	45,395
Educational, recreational and counselling services	2,085
Fine and applied arts	1,795
Humanities and related fields	2,530
Social sciences and related fields	4,145
Commerce, management and business administration	6,165
Agricultural and biological sciences/technologies	1,695
Engineering and applied sciences	2,210
Engineering and applied science technologies and trades	20,775
Health professions, sciences and technologies	2,060
Mathematics and physical sciences	1,910
No specialization and all other, n.e.c.	20
Females with postsecondary qualifications by major field of study (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 186}	44,650
Educational, recreational and counselling services	5,730
Fine and applied arts	3,685
Humanities and related fields	3,075
Social sciences and related fields	4,895
Commerce, management and business administration	11,425
Agricultural and biological sciences/technologies	1,750
Engineering and applied sciences	415
Engineering and applied science technologies and trades	2,605
Health professions, sciences and technologies	10,115
Mathematics and physical sciences	910
No specialization and all other, n.e.c.	40
Total by mobility status 1 year ago (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 187}	314,465
Non-movers	264,510
Movers	49,955
Non-migrants	35,700
Migrants	14,250
Internal migrants	11,565
Intraprovincial migrants	10,150
Interprovincial migrants	1,415
External migrants	2,690
Total by mobility status 5 years ago (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 188}	296,885
Non-movers	171,040
Movers	125,850
Non-migrants	87,375
Migrants	38,475
Internal migrants	27,470
Intraprovincial migrants	23,910
Interprovincial migrants	3,560
External migrants	11,000
All persons with employment income by work activity (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 189}	154,290
Average employment income $	25,549
Standard error of average employment income $	130
Worked full year, full time ^{Footnote 190}	78,990
Average employment income $	35,846
Standard error of average employment income $	196
Worked part year or part time ^{Footnote 191}	70,470
Average employment income $	14,838
Standard error of average employment income $	130
Males with employment income by work activity (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 192}	81,565
Average employment income $	30,691
Standard error of average employment income $	209
Worked full year, full time ^{Footnote 193}	47,090
Average employment income $	40,151
Standard error of average employment income $	295
Worked part year or part time ^{Footnote 194}	32,070
Average employment income $	17,844
Standard error of average employment income $	228
Females with employment income by work activity (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 195}	72,725
Average employment income $	19,782
Standard error of average employment income $	131
Worked full year, full time ^{Footnote 196}	31,900
Average employment income $	29,491
Standard error of average employment income $	193
Worked part year or part time ^{Footnote 197}	38,405
Average employment income $	12,328
Standard error of average employment income $	137
Total - Composition of total income % (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 198}	100.0
Employment income %	70.8
Government transfer payments %	17.9
Other %	11.4
Total income of population 15 years and over (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 199}	256,790
Without income	19,430
With income	237,355
Under $1,000 ^{Footnote 200}	13,035
$ 1,000 - $ 2,999	11,520
$ 3,000 - $ 4,999	9,325
$ 5,000 - $ 6,999	12,015
$ 7,000 - $ 9,999	18,535
$10,000 - $11,999	16,175
$12,000 - $14,999	19,350
$15,000 - $19,999	26,515
$20,000 - $24,999	21,600
$25,000 - $29,999	18,300
$30,000 - $34,999	16,920
$35,000 - $39,999	12,035
$40,000 - $44,999	10,790
$45,000 - $49,999	7,880
$50,000 - $59,999	12,540
$60,000 and over	10,820
Average income $ ^{Footnote 201}	23,473
Median income $ ^{Footnote 202}	18,203
Standard error of average income $ ^{Footnote 203}	132
Total income of males 15 years and over (20% sample data)	122,760
Without income	5,730
With income	117,020
Under $1,000 ^{Footnote 204}	6,435
$ 1,000 - $ 2,999	4,105
$ 3,000 - $ 4,999	3,245
$ 5,000 - $ 6,999	4,500
$ 7,000 - $ 9,999	7,140
$10,000 - $11,999	5,620
$12,000 - $14,999	6,810
$15,000 - $19,999	11,205
$20,000 - $24,999	10,290
$25,000 - $29,999	9,105
$30,000 - $34,999	9,785
$35,000 - $39,999	7,655
$40,000 - $44,999	7,560
$45,000 - $49,999	5,545
$50,000 - $59,999	9,600
$60,000 and over	8,420
Average income $ ^{Footnote 205}	28,721
Median income $ ^{Footnote 206}	24,429
Standard error of average income $ ^{Footnote 207}	245
Total income of females 15 years and over (20% sample data)	134,035
Without income	13,700
With income	120,330
Under $1,000 ^{Footnote 208}	6,600
$ 1,000 - $ 2,999	7,415
$ 3,000 - $ 4,999	6,080
$ 5,000 - $ 6,999	7,510
$ 7,000 - $ 9,999	11,395
$10,000 - $11,999	10,555
$12,000 - $14,999	12,540
$15,000 - $19,999	15,305
$20,000 - $24,999	11,310
$25,000 - $29,999	9,195
$30,000 - $34,999	7,140
$35,000 - $39,999	4,380
$40,000 - $44,999	3,230
$45,000 - $49,999	2,330
$50,000 - $59,999	2,940
$60,000 and over	2,400
Average income $ ^{Footnote 209}	18,369
Median income $ ^{Footnote 210}	14,415
Standard error of average income $ ^{Footnote 211}	94
Census family income of all families (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 212}	86,865
Under $10,000 ^{Footnote 213}	5,315
$ 10,000 - $19,999	10,540
$ 20,000 - $29,999	12,045
$ 30,000 - $39,999	10,915
$ 40,000 - $49,999	10,565
$ 50,000 - $59,999	10,150
$ 60,000 - $69,999	8,175
$ 70,000 - $79,999	6,405
$ 80,000 - $89,999	4,365
$ 90,000 - $99,999	2,835
$100,000 and over	5,565
Average family income $	49,648
Median family income $	44,184
Standard error of average family income $	349
Census family income of husband-wife families (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 214}	70,825
Under $10,000 ^{Footnote 215}	2,725
$ 10,000 - $19,999	5,600
$ 20,000 - $29,999	9,240
$ 30,000 - $39,999	9,075
$ 40,000 - $49,999	9,185
$ 50,000 - $59,999	9,055
$ 60,000 - $69,999	7,555
$ 70,000 - $79,999	6,100
$ 80,000 - $89,999	4,140
$ 90,000 - $99,999	2,760
$100,000 and over	5,380
Average family income $	54,561
Median family income $	49,495
Standard error of average family income $	412
All census families (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 216}	86,865
Average family income $	49,648
Standard error of average family income $	349
Husband-wife families	70,825
Average family income $	54,561
Standard error of average family income $	412
Male lone-parent families	2,290
Average family income $	38,570
Standard error of average family income $	1,076
Female lone-parent families	13,745
Average family income $	26,178
Standard error of average family income $	363
Total income of non-family persons 15 years and over (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 217}	58,360
Under $1,000 ^{Footnote 218}	3,705
$ 1,000 - $ 2,999	1,335
$ 3,000 - $ 4,999	1,370
$ 5,000 - $ 6,999	2,500
$ 7,000 - $ 9,999	4,055
$10,000 - $11,999	6,990
$12,000 - $14,999	7,065
$15,000 - $19,999	7,740
$20,000 - $24,999	5,410
$25,000 - $29,999	4,250
$30,000 - $34,999	3,855
$35,000 - $39,999	2,555
$40,000 - $44,999	2,155
$45,000 - $49,999	1,550
$50,000 - $59,999	2,060
$60,000 and over	1,760
Average income $	21,419
Median income $	15,967
Standard error of average income $	210
Total income of male non-family persons 15 years and over (20% sample data)	26,605
Under $1,000 ^{Footnote 219}	1,995
$ 1,000 - $ 2,999	585
$ 3,000 - $ 4,999	685
$ 5,000 - $ 6,999	1,400
$ 7,000 - $ 9,999	2,100
$10,000 - $11,999	2,285
$12,000 - $14,999	2,100
$15,000 - $19,999	2,935
$20,000 - $24,999	2,425
$25,000 - $29,999	1,890
$30,000 - $34,999	2,220
$35,000 - $39,999	1,310
$40,000 - $44,999	1,380
$45,000 - $49,999	945
$50,000 - $59,999	1,245
$60,000 and over	1,080
Average income $	23,768
Median income $	18,275
Standard error of average income $	408
Total income of female non-family persons 15 years and over (20% sample data)	31,755
Under $1,000 ^{Footnote 220}	1,710
$ 1,000 - $ 2,999	745
$ 3,000 - $ 4,999	685
$ 5,000 - $ 6,999	1,100
$ 7,000 - $ 9,999	1,950
$10,000 - $11,999	4,705
$12,000 - $14,999	4,965
$15,000 - $19,999	4,805
$20,000 - $24,999	2,980
$25,000 - $29,999	2,360
$30,000 - $34,999	1,630
$35,000 - $39,999	1,240
$40,000 - $44,999	780
$45,000 - $49,999	605
$50,000 - $59,999	810
$60,000 and over	680
Average income $	19,450
Median income $	15,026
Standard error of average income $	178
Total - Economic families (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 221}	87,485
Low income	20,545
Other	66,945
Incidence of low income % ^{Footnote 222}	23.5
Total - Unattached individuals (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 223}	48,700
Low income	24,715
Other	23,985
Incidence of low income % ^{Footnote 224}	50.7
Total - Population in private households (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 225}	317,400
Low income	87,545
Other	229,860
Incidence of low income % ^{Footnote 226}	27.6
Household income of all private households (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 227}	129,395
Under $10,000 ^{Footnote 228}	11,265
$ 10,000 - $19,999	25,625
$ 20,000 - $29,999	18,995
$ 30,000 - $39,999	15,700
$ 40,000 - $49,999	13,675
$ 50,000 - $59,999	12,370
$ 60,000 - $69,999	9,410
$ 70,000 - $79,999	7,260
$ 80,000 - $89,999	4,980
$ 90,000 - $99,999	3,300
$100,000 and over	6,815
Average household income $	42,988
Median household income $	35,335
Standard error of average household income $	265
Household income of one person households (20% sample data)	38,370
Under $10,000 ^{Footnote 229}	6,165
$ 10,000 - $19,999	15,260
$ 20,000 - $29,999	6,655
$ 30,000 - $39,999	4,485
$ 40,000 - $49,999	2,765
$ 50,000 - $59,999	1,615
$ 60,000 - $69,999	705
$ 70,000 - $79,999	275
$ 80,000 - $89,999	130
$ 90,000 - $99,999	100
$100,000 and over	215
Average household income $	23,427
Median household income $	17,344
Standard error of average household income $	293
Household income of two or more person households (20% sample data)	91,030
Under $10,000 ^{Footnote 230}	5,100
$ 10,000 - $19,999	10,365
$ 20,000 - $29,999	12,345
$ 30,000 - $39,999	11,220
$ 40,000 - $49,999	10,910
$ 50,000 - $59,999	10,750
$ 60,000 - $69,999	8,705
$ 70,000 - $79,999	6,985
$ 80,000 - $89,999	4,855
$ 90,000 - $99,999	3,195
$100,000 and over	6,595
Average household income $	51,233
Median household income $	45,853
Standard error of average household income $	340
Total number of economic families in private households (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 231}	87,485
Size of economic family, 2 persons	37,910
Size of economic family, 3 persons	20,445
Size of economic family, 4 persons	18,520
Size of economic family, 5 or more persons	10,610
Total number of persons in economic families ^{Footnote 232}	268,700
Average number of persons per economic family	3.1
Total number of unattached individuals ^{Footnote 233}	48,980
Total number of census families in private households by number and status of family members in the labour force (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 234}	86,860
Number of now-married and common-law couple families	70,825
No member in the labour force	15,205
Some members in the labour force	55,620
One member only	14,750
Two or more members	40,870
Both spouses/partners in the labour force	37,080
Number of lone-parent families	16,040
No member in the labour force	4,755
Some members in the labour force	11,280
Parent in labour force	8,930
Total number of occupied private dwellings (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 235}	129,395
Average number of rooms per dwelling ^{Footnote 236}	5.8
Average number of bedrooms per dwelling ^{Footnote 237}	2.4
Average value of dwelling $ ^{Footnote 238}	137,151
Owned ^{Footnote 239}	71,935
Rented ^{Footnote 240}	57,460
Band housing	0
Regular maintenance only	81,675
Minor repairs ^{Footnote 241}	36,475
Major repairs ^{Footnote 242}	11,245
Period of construction, before 1946 ^{Footnote 243}	33,940
Period of construction, 1946-1960 ^{Footnote 244}	29,685
Period of construction, 1961-1970 ^{Footnote 245}	24,230
Period of construction, 1971-1980 ^{Footnote 246}	23,720
Period of construction, 1981-1990 ^{Footnote 247}	13,100
Period of construction, 1991-1996 ^{Footnote 248}	4,720
Total number of private households by household type (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 249}	129,395
One-family households	83,560
Multiple-family households	1,635
Non-family households	44,200
Number of persons in private households (20% sample data) ^{Footnote 250}	317,680
Average number of persons in private households	2.5
Tenant one-family households without additional persons	25,900
Average gross rent $ ^{Footnote 251}	579
Gross rent spending 30% or more of household income on shelter costs ^{Footnote 252}	27,545
Owner one-family households without additional persons	50,470
Average owner's major payments $ ^{Footnote 253}	760
Owner's major payments spending 30% or more of household income on shelter costs ^{Footnote 254}	13,335

Source: Statistics Canada, 1996 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 95F0179XDB.

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