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Aboriginal Population Profile, 2016 Census
Saskatchewan [Province]

Population

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Sex Information - Sex

Age groups Information - Age

Residence on or off reserve Information - Residence on or off reserve

The table shows aboriginal identities (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers), by sex, age groups and residence on or off reserve.
Characteristic	Saskatchewan [Province]
	Data quality , Saskatchewan [Province] Map : Saskatchewan [Province] Related data - Saskatchewan
	Total - Sex, Total - Age groups, Total - Residence on or off reserve
	Total - Population in private households by Aboriginal identity^{Footnote 1}	Aboriginal identity^{Footnote 2}	Single Aboriginal responses^{Footnote 3}	First Nations (North American Indian)^{Footnote 4}	Métis	Inuk (Inuit)	Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Footnote 5}	Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Footnote 6}	Non-Aboriginal identity
Average age and median age
Total - Average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	1,070,560	175,020	172,810	114,565	57,880	360	1,300	905	895,535
Average age	38.6	28.2	28.1	26.4	31.5	28.7	28.3	34.1	40.6
Median age	37.4	24.3	24.3	22.2	28.5	26.5	23.3	30.4	40.1
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 7}	857,300	117,325	115,810	73,170	42,375	265	835	680	739,970
Married or living common law	513,610	48,810	48,185	27,650	20,440	100	330	290	464,805
Married	431,100	30,085	29,610	14,795	14,750	60	240	235	401,015
Living common law	82,505	18,720	18,580	12,850	5,685	45	90	55	63,785
Not married and not living common law	343,690	68,520	67,620	45,520	21,940	160	510	395	275,170
Never married	234,620	55,640	54,960	37,985	16,835	135	395	280	178,985
Separated	18,865	3,640	3,585	2,270	1,310	10	30	20	15,230
Divorced	45,960	5,550	5,435	2,935	2,495	10	60	60	40,410
Widowed	44,245	3,695	3,640	2,325	1,305	10	15	40	40,545
Family characteristics
Total - Family characteristics for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 8}	1,070,555	175,020	172,810	114,570	57,875	360	1,305	910	895,540
Married spouses and common-law partners	505,665	48,165	47,540	27,180	20,265	100	330	295	457,500
Married spouses	423,155	29,440	28,965	14,325	14,580	60	235	240	393,715
Common-law partners	82,510	18,725	18,580	12,845	5,685	40	95	55	63,785
Lone parents (in lone-parent census families)	49,420	18,390	18,230	13,895	4,310	30	95	60	31,030
Children in census families (as in sons, daughters or grandchildren)	327,950	81,330	80,280	56,035	24,100	150	645	405	246,625
Living with two biological or adoptive parents^{Census data footnote 9}	216,650	32,455	31,995	19,670	12,265	65	265	195	184,195
In an intact family^{Census data footnote 10}	206,190	29,185	28,765	17,490	11,210	60	240	185	177,005
In a complex stepfamily^{Census data footnote 11}	10,455	3,270	3,230	2,175	1,055	0	20	15	7,190
Living with one biological or adoptive parent and one step-parent	24,480	6,960	6,850	4,490	2,350	10	65	40	17,525
In a simple stepfamily^{Census data footnote 12}	12,640	3,425	3,405	2,225	1,170	10	10	10	9,215
In a complex stepfamily^{Census data footnote 13}	11,840	3,530	3,445	2,265	1,175	0	50	35	8,310
Living with one parent in a lone-parent census family^{Census data footnote 14}	81,055	37,765	37,350	28,420	8,850	75	280	140	43,290
With a male lone parent	16,480	6,855	6,700	5,215	1,465	15	90	70	9,625
With a female lone parent	64,580	30,910	30,645	23,205	7,385	60	190	75	33,670
Living with grandparents without parents present	5,765	4,155	4,090	3,450	640	0	40	20	1,610
With two grandparents without parents present	2,695	1,825	1,785	1,450	330	0	25	10	875
With one grandparent without parents present	3,070	2,330	2,305	2,000	310	0	15	10	740
Persons not in census families	187,530	27,140	26,755	17,470	9,200	85	235	155	160,390
Living with other relatives	23,550	7,945	7,880	6,390	1,485	10	35	30	15,610
Foster children	2,415	1,970	1,950	1,660	285	10	25	0	445
Living with non-relatives only or alone	161,560	17,225	16,920	9,420	7,435	70	175	125	144,340
Registered or Treaty Indian status
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 15}	1,070,555	175,020	172,810	114,570	57,875	360	1,300	905	895,535
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 16}	110,370	110,370	109,005	106,440	2,550	20	580	780	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	960,190	64,650	63,800	8,130	55,325	345	720	130	895,535
Aboriginal ancestry
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 17}	1,070,555	175,020	172,810	114,570	57,880	360	1,300	910	895,540
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 18}	98,315	97,590	96,955	83,805	13,075	75	470	165	720
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 19}	94,570	93,895	93,540	81,400	12,070	75	200	165	670
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 20}	84,015	83,750	83,475	80,855	2,620	0	120	160	265
Métis single ancestry	10,465	10,065	9,995	545	9,450	0	65	0	400
Inuit single ancestry	85	85	70	0	0	70	15	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 21}	3,750	3,695	3,415	2,405	1,005	0	275	10	50
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	3,645	3,590	3,330	2,345	985	0	255	10	55
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	65	70	55	55	10	0	10	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	25	20	15	0	15	0	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	15	15	10	10	0	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 22}	79,040	62,915	62,020	24,525	37,255	245	760	135	16,115
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 23}	72,560	56,685	56,095	22,260	33,600	240	455	135	15,875
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	36,680	29,240	28,850	21,790	7,050	0	285	110	7,440
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	35,550	27,165	26,980	455	26,525	0	160	25	8,380
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	335	280	270	15	30	235	10	0	50
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 24}	6,475	6,235	5,925	2,270	3,650	10	310	0	245
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	6,350	6,105	5,805	2,195	3,610	0	305	0	245
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	80	80	75	50	25	0	10	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	20	15	0	15	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	30	25	30	25	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 25}	893,205	14,505	13,835	6,240	7,550	40	70	605	878,700
Aboriginal ancestry responses
Total - Aboriginal ancestry responses for the population in private household - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 26}	1,070,560	175,020	172,805	114,570	57,880	360	1,305	905	895,540
Total Aboriginal ancestry^{Census data footnote 27}	177,355	160,515	158,980	108,330	50,325	325	1,230	305	16,840
First Nations ancestry	130,885	122,880	121,630	107,325	14,295	15	980	275	8,000
Abenaki	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	235	150	140	85	55	0	0	0	90
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 28}	165	150	145	135	0	0	0	0	20
Apache	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	1,415	1,405	1,400	1,395	10	0	0	0	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver (Dunne-za)	10	10	10	10	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 29}	415	360	350	290	60	0	10	10	50
Blood (Kainai)	10	15	10	15	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier (Dakelh)	25	25	25	10	20	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	15	10	15	15	0	0	0	0	0
Cherokee	660	255	255	155	95	0	0	0	400
Chilcotin (Tsilhqot'in)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chipewyan (Denesuline)	330	315	305	215	95	0	10	0	10
Cowichan	10	10	10	0	10	0	0	0	0
Cree	89,940	87,380	86,610	76,610	9,990	10	590	175	2,560
Dakota	1,900	1,870	1,875	1,850	20	0	0	0	30
Delaware (Lenape)	0	10	10	0	10	0	0	0	0
Dene Tha (Slavey)	25	30	25	10	15	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 30}	12,545	12,490	12,380	10,670	1,710	0	70	40	55
Gitxsan	10	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	10	10	10	0	10	0	0	0	0
Haida	45	20	20	15	0	0	0	0	25
Haisla	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	60	25	25	0	20	0	0	0	35
Innu/Montagnais	45	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	40
Iroquois, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 31}	105	65	60	15	45	0	0	0	45
Kaska	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakwaka'wakw (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lakota	270	230	215	185	30	0	10	0	40
Maliseet	20	20	20	20	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	1,010	460	460	295	170	0	0	0	555
Mohawk	320	190	190	125	65	0	0	0	130
Musqueam	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Navajo	95	60	60	55	10	0	0	0	30
Nisga'a	30	25	30	25	10	0	0	0	0
Nlaka'pamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth	10	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nuxalk	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odawa	10	15	10	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	2,385	2,240	2,205	1,965	235	0	30	0	140
Oji-Cree	40	35	35	30	10	0	0	0	0
Okanagan (Syilx)	10	15	10	15	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	50	50	50	50	0	0	0	0	0
Potawatomi	15	15	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sahtu (North Slavey)	15	15	15	10	0	0	0	0	0
Salish, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 32}	110	85	70	60	0	0	0	15	20
Saulteaux	9,765	9,725	9,640	9,425	215	0	70	10	45
Sechelt (Shishalh)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemc (Shuswap)	10	10	10	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sioux, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 33}	1,680	1,525	1,505	1,380	125	0	10	10	160
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
St'at'imc (Lillooet)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sto:lo	15	15	15	15	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney (Nakoda)	1,555	1,555	1,545	1,535	15	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	45	30	25	30	0	0	0	0	15
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	10	10	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	50	40	45	35	10	0	0	0	10
Tsuu T'ina (Sarcee)	10	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 34}	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wet'suwet'en	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations ancestry, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 35}	18,895	15,340	15,040	12,970	2,070	0	250	50	3,555
Métis ancestry	56,090	47,010	46,180	5,570	40,600	0	790	35	9,085
Inuit ancestry	650	595	550	150	85	315	45	0	55
Non-Aboriginal ancestry	972,240	77,425	75,855	30,765	44,805	285	830	735	894,815
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Census data footnote 36}	1,070,560	175,020	172,805	114,565	57,880	360	1,305	910	895,540
English only	1,011,560	169,115	167,015	113,065	53,620	335	1,235	870	842,440
French only	610	35	35	30	0	0	0	0	575
English and French	50,720	5,540	5,430	1,215	4,190	30	70	35	45,175
Neither English nor French	7,675	325	325	265	65	0	0	0	7,350
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Census data footnote 37}	1,070,555	175,020	172,805	114,570	57,880	360	1,305	905	895,540
English	1,048,040	173,300	171,105	114,205	56,550	355	1,295	905	874,740
French	13,240	1,365	1,345	115	1,230	10	10	10	11,875
English and French	1,925	50	50	15	35	0	0	0	1,875
Neither English nor French	7,365	310	305	245	65	0	0	0	7,055
Official language minority
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 38}	14,195	1,385	1,370	120	1,250	10	10	0	12,810
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 39}	1.3	0.8	0.8	0.1	2.2	2.8	0.8	0.0	1.4
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Census data footnote 40}	1,070,560	175,020	172,810	114,570	57,880	360	1,300	910	895,540
Official languages	920,425	146,785	144,720	89,245	55,120	355	1,210	850	773,640
English	905,810	145,105	143,060	89,095	53,605	350	1,205	850	760,700
French	16,750	1,995	1,955	195	1,760	10	25	15	14,755
Non-official languages	165,580	31,220	31,055	27,865	3,180	10	110	55	134,365
Aboriginal languages	31,085	31,015	30,865	27,750	3,105	10	105	45	70
Algonquian languages	22,190	22,150	22,040	20,535	1,495	0	75	35	40
Blackfoot	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	21,155	21,110	20,995	19,515	1,485	0	75	35	40
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	25	25	25	15	10	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	2,320	2,320	2,300	2,135	165	0	15	0	10
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	340	335	340	265	70	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	980	975	975	905	65	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	17,490	17,455	17,360	16,190	1,175	0	60	30	35
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	1,025	1,030	1,025	1,015	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	1,020	1,020	1,020	1,005	10	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	10	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	8,335	8,310	8,275	6,945	1,325	0	25	15	20
Northern Athabaskan languages	8,325	8,315	8,275	6,950	1,325	0	25	10	15
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	8,325	8,310	8,275	6,945	1,325	0	25	10	10
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	10	10	10	0	0	10	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	335	325	325	45	280	0	0	0	10
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	210	210	210	215	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	175	170	175	170	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	35	35	35	40	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	134,500	205	185	115	70	0	0	10	134,295
Language spoken at home
Total - Language spoken at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Census data footnote 41}	1,070,560	175,020	172,805	114,565	57,875	360	1,305	910	895,535
Official languages	1,033,380	168,785	166,590	108,920	57,310	360	1,290	905	864,595
English	1,031,365	168,670	166,480	108,880	57,240	360	1,290	900	862,690
French	15,190	1,480	1,450	375	1,065	15	15	15	13,710
Non-official languages	149,880	33,420	33,200	29,610	3,585	10	150	75	116,455
Aboriginal languages	32,985	32,855	32,645	29,345	3,300	0	140	70	130
Algonquian languages	23,640	23,555	23,395	21,730	1,670	0	100	55	90
Blackfoot	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	22,775	22,690	22,525	20,870	1,655	0	100	60	85
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	25	20	25	15	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	2,840	2,810	2,785	2,595	190	0	30	0	25
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	395	390	390	310	80	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	1,000	1,000	990	935	60	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	18,605	18,550	18,425	17,100	1,325	0	70	55	60
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	875	870	870	860	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	865	865	865	855	10	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	8,675	8,655	8,610	7,235	1,370	0	35	10	20
Northern Athabaskan languages	8,665	8,645	8,605	7,225	1,375	0	35	10	20
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	8,670	8,650	8,605	7,230	1,375	0	35	10	15
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	10
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	10	0	0	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	15	10	10	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	10	10	10	15	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	320	315	305	45	255	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	345	345	345	340	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	260	255	260	255	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	10	10	10	10	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	75	75	75	75	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	25	20	20	20	0	0	0	0	10
Non-Aboriginal languages	116,905	570	560	275	285	0	0	0	116,335
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Census data footnote 42}	1,070,560	175,020	172,810	114,570	57,875	360	1,305	910	895,540
Official languages	1,062,885	174,695	172,480	114,305	57,810	360	1,305	905	888,190
English	1,062,270	174,655	172,450	114,275	57,810	360	1,305	905	887,620
French	51,325	5,575	5,465	1,245	4,195	25	70	35	45,750
Non-official languages	187,450	38,905	38,645	34,165	4,465	10	170	90	148,545
Aboriginal languages	38,110	37,875	37,630	33,725	3,895	10	165	80	240
Algonquian languages	28,275	28,090	27,905	25,725	2,170	10	120	70	185
Blackfoot	0	10	10	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	27,065	26,895	26,710	24,545	2,150	10	115	65	170
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	40	35	35	25	10	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	3,670	3,630	3,590	3,300	285	0	40	0	30
Southern East Cree	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	470	465	470	365	100	0	0	0	10
Woods Cree	1,260	1,255	1,250	1,170	85	0	10	0	10
Cree, n.o.s.	21,870	21,745	21,605	19,915	1,685	10	70	70	120
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	1,305	1,295	1,295	1,270	25	0	0	0	10
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	1,300	1,290	1,290	1,260	25	0	0	0	10
Oji-Cree	10	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	9,120	9,085	9,035	7,600	1,435	0	40	10	30
Northern Athabaskan languages	9,110	9,075	9,030	7,595	1,435	0	40	10	35
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	9,100	9,075	9,025	7,595	1,425	0	40	10	30
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	10
Haida	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	15	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	10
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	10	10	10	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	500	490	480	65	420	0	10	0	15
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	510	500	500	500	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	415	415	410	410	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	10	10	10	10	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	90	85	90	90	0	0	0	0	10
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	35	30	30	25	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	149,470	1,125	1,100	495	605	0	10	10	148,350
Mobility status
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago for the population aged 1 year and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 43}	1,055,820	171,260	169,075	111,825	56,890	350	1,285	900	884,565
Non-movers	905,630	138,075	136,315	89,355	46,690	265	1,020	740	767,555
Movers	150,190	33,190	32,765	22,475	10,205	85	270	155	117,005
Non-migrants	89,005	21,245	21,000	14,475	6,470	55	165	85	67,755
Migrants	61,190	11,940	11,765	8,000	3,730	35	100	75	49,250
Internal migrants	49,930	11,835	11,665	7,940	3,690	35	100	75	38,100
Intraprovincial migrants	35,965	9,985	9,860	6,870	2,970	15	90	35	25,980
Interprovincial migrants	13,970	1,850	1,805	1,065	715	15	10	40	12,120
External migrants	11,255	100	100	55	45	0	0	0	11,150
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago for the population aged 5 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	998,200	155,995	153,940	100,925	52,675	340	1,195	860	842,205
Non-movers	602,890	87,750	86,705	57,110	29,470	120	585	455	515,140
Movers	395,310	68,245	67,235	43,810	23,205	215	610	405	327,060
Non-migrants	201,450	40,685	40,005	25,855	14,035	115	385	300	160,765
Migrants	193,860	27,565	27,230	17,955	9,170	100	225	105	166,295
Internal migrants	147,360	27,325	26,990	17,805	9,080	105	230	110	120,035
Intraprovincial migrants	98,775	22,080	21,855	14,750	7,075	30	150	75	76,700
Interprovincial migrants	48,580	5,245	5,135	3,060	2,005	75	80	35	43,335
External migrants	46,500	240	240	150	90	0	0	0	46,260
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	857,295	117,330	115,805	73,170	42,375	265	840	685	739,965
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	199,825	50,165	49,670	36,450	13,130	90	265	230	149,650
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate, no postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	177,210	45,655	45,215	33,410	11,720	85	235	210	131,555
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate, with postsecondary certificate or diploma^{Census data footnote 46}	22,610	4,515	4,455	3,035	1,410	10	35	25	18,100
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate	657,475	67,160	66,135	36,720	29,245	175	570	450	590,315
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate, no postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	261,210	33,065	32,615	19,385	13,135	100	250	195	228,145
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate, with postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 47}	396,265	34,095	33,520	17,335	16,110	75	320	260	362,170
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	857,295	117,325	115,810	73,170	42,375	260	835	685	739,970
No certificate, diploma or degree	177,205	45,655	45,220	33,415	11,720	85	230	205	131,555
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 49}	261,205	33,065	32,620	19,385	13,140	100	250	190	228,145
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	89,440	11,270	11,145	6,285	4,840	25	95	20	78,175
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 50}	38,045	6,280	6,225	3,915	2,300	15	50	0	31,765
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 51}	51,395	4,985	4,925	2,375	2,545	10	45	20	46,410
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	146,765	15,900	15,660	8,130	7,500	35	115	120	130,870
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	28,195	2,495	2,455	1,490	965	0	25	15	25,695
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	154,475	8,945	8,700	4,465	4,210	25	120	125	145,530
Bachelor's degree	112,760	7,205	7,025	3,630	3,370	20	80	105	105,555
University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level^{Census data footnote 52}	41,720	1,740	1,680	830	845	10	40	20	39,975
Major field of study
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	857,300	117,330	115,805	73,170	42,375	265	840	685	739,970
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 54}	438,415	78,715	77,835	52,795	24,855	180	480	400	359,700
Education	40,990	4,100	4,005	2,245	1,760	0	40	55	36,890
13. Education	40,990	4,100	4,010	2,245	1,755	10	40	55	36,890
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	8,870	595	570	275	295	10	15	10	8,275
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	2,015	175	165	40	120	0	0	0	1,845
50. Visual and performing arts	6,855	420	405	230	175	0	10	10	6,430
Humanities	15,400	690	665	375	280	10	20	0	14,710
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	1,025	40	40	35	0	0	0	0	990
23. English language and literature/letters	3,185	115	110	45	70	0	0	0	3,065
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	3,100	255	235	160	75	0	15	0	2,850
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 55}	35	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	35
38. Philosophy and religious studies	1,175	45	45	10	35	0	0	0	1,130
39. Theology and religious vocations	4,695	155	155	90	55	0	10	0	4,535
54. History	1,755	60	60	20	35	0	0	0	1,700
55. French language and literature/letters	425	25	20	15	10	0	0	0	400
Social and behavioural sciences and law	30,495	3,470	3,410	2,020	1,380	10	25	35	27,025
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	750	385	370	275	95	0	10	10	370
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	2,060	120	120	60	60	0	10	0	1,940
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	6,805	1,365	1,355	900	445	0	10	10	5,440
22. Legal professions and studies	5,410	645	630	335	285	0	0	10	4,765
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 56}	460	30	30	15	15	0	0	0	430
42. Psychology	5,555	320	315	140	175	0	0	10	5,230
45. Social sciences	9,455	610	600	295	305	0	0	10	8,845
Business, management and public administration	85,800	7,990	7,895	4,535	3,345	10	50	45	77,810
30.16 Accounting and computer science	240	15	20	0	10	0	0	0	225
44. Public administration and social service professions	8,255	1,650	1,625	1,050	575	0	15	10	6,600
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	77,305	6,325	6,255	3,485	2,760	0	35	35	70,985
Physical and life sciences and technologies	11,450	405	385	130	250	10	10	10	11,050
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	5,670	170	165	45	120	0	10	0	5,500
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	1,395	60	55	35	20	0	10	0	1,335
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 57}	105	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	100
40. Physical sciences	3,240	115	115	35	75	0	0	0	3,125
41. Science technologies/technicians	1,045	60	60	20	35	0	0	0	990
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	11,695	635	620	325	290	10	15	0	11,060
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	9,390	545	530	270	250	0	20	0	8,845
25. Library science	990	80	80	45	35	0	0	0	910
27. Mathematics and statistics	1,145	15	10	10	10	0	0	0	1,135
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 58}	165	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	165
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	93,145	8,680	8,550	4,350	4,185	15	85	40	84,465
04. Architecture and related services	1,520	60	55	15	40	0	0	0	1,465
14. Engineering	14,090	310	300	100	200	0	0	10	13,785
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	13,790	1,195	1,175	650	525	0	15	10	12,595
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	24,650	3,530	3,485	1,995	1,490	0	30	20	21,120
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	26,325	2,055	2,030	805	1,205	15	25	0	24,270
48. Precision production	12,765	1,530	1,510	785	720	0	10	0	11,235
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	16,660	835	825	380	445	0	10	0	15,820
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	13,590	425	415	155	260	0	0	0	13,160
03. Natural resources and conservation	3,070	415	415	225	190	0	0	0	2,660
Health and related fields	74,750	6,055	5,935	2,685	3,235	20	45	75	68,695
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	4,345	245	240	95	150	0	0	0	4,100
51. Health professions and related programs	69,090	5,760	5,650	2,580	3,055	15	45	65	63,325
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	1,315	45	50	15	35	0	0	0	1,270
Personal, protective and transportation services	29,585	5,150	5,095	3,040	2,055	0	35	15	24,435
12. Personal and culinary services	18,455	2,510	2,470	1,425	1,045	0	25	10	15,945
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	175	20	15	15	0	0	0	0	155
43. Security and protective services	5,070	1,250	1,240	660	585	0	0	10	3,815
49. Transportation and materials moving	5,875	1,370	1,365	945	415	0	10	0	4,505
Other	40	10	10	10	0	0	0	0	30
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	40	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	30
Labour force status
Total - Labour force status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% Sample data^{Census data footnote 59}	857,300	117,325	115,810	73,165	42,375	265	835	685	739,970
In the labour force	585,535	66,815	65,870	35,830	29,875	165	550	395	518,720
Employed	544,090	54,380	53,580	26,980	26,455	150	470	330	489,710
Unemployed	41,445	12,430	12,285	8,845	3,420	15	75	70	29,010
Not in the labour force	271,760	50,510	49,935	37,340	12,500	105	285	290	221,245
Participation rate	68.3	56.9	56.9	49.0	70.5	62.3	65.9	57.7	70.1
Employment rate	63.5	46.3	46.3	36.9	62.4	56.6	56.3	48.2	66.2
Unemployment rate	7.1	18.6	18.7	24.7	11.4	9.1	13.6	17.7	5.6
Class of worker
Total - Class of worker for the labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 60}	585,535	66,815	65,870	35,830	29,875	160	550	395	518,720
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 61}	10,225	5,245	5,210	4,315	895	0	25	10	4,985
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 62}	575,310	61,575	60,660	31,520	28,985	155	530	385	513,735
Employee	490,180	57,830	56,990	30,305	26,545	140	500	340	432,350
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 63}	85,130	3,745	3,670	1,215	2,440	15	30	45	81,390
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Work activity during the reference year for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 64}	857,295	117,330	115,810	73,165	42,375	265	835	685	739,970
Did not work^{Census data footnote 65}	242,835	50,730	50,175	38,400	11,685	95	265	290	192,105
Worked	614,465	66,600	65,630	34,770	30,690	170	570	395	547,865
Worked full time^{Census data footnote 66}	479,940	51,700	50,985	26,945	23,930	105	435	290	428,245
1 to 13 weeks	19,110	3,610	3,575	2,365	1,200	10	20	15	15,495
14 to 26 weeks	34,570	6,220	6,110	3,880	2,220	10	65	45	28,355
27 to 39 weeks	32,040	4,390	4,335	2,320	2,005	10	50	0	27,645
40 to 48 weeks	80,285	7,700	7,620	3,685	3,915	15	45	35	72,580
49 to 52 weeks	313,945	29,785	29,350	14,695	14,590	70	255	190	284,165
Worked part time^{Census data footnote 67}	134,515	14,895	14,650	7,825	6,760	60	140	110	119,620
1 to 13 weeks	28,080	4,120	4,070	2,520	1,535	15	35	10	23,960
14 to 26 weeks	25,505	3,445	3,395	1,965	1,420	10	30	25	22,060
27 to 39 weeks	16,215	1,790	1,755	875	880	0	20	15	14,425
40 to 48 weeks	20,970	1,680	1,635	710	920	10	15	25	19,290
49 to 52 weeks	43,750	3,865	3,795	1,755	2,015	30	35	35	39,885
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.6	39.3	39.2	37.5	41.2	41.4	39.1	41.2	43.0
Occupation
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - for the labour force population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	585,535	66,815	65,875	35,830	29,880	165	550	395	518,725
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 69}	10,225	5,240	5,210	4,315	895	10	25	10	4,980
All occupations^{Census data footnote 70}	575,310	61,570	60,655	31,515	28,985	160	530	390	513,735
0 Management occupations	81,060	4,535	4,480	1,985	2,490	10	45	10	76,520
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	80,640	7,195	7,080	3,455	3,600	25	60	55	73,445
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	28,325	1,445	1,420	500	920	0	20	10	26,880
3 Health occupations	41,675	3,520	3,455	1,310	2,135	10	25	35	38,160
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	64,690	10,550	10,405	6,290	4,090	25	85	55	54,140
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	10,760	820	810	390	420	0	10	10	9,935
6 Sales and service occupations	124,085	16,485	16,200	9,200	6,935	60	150	135	107,610
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	99,755	12,485	12,345	6,070	6,260	15	70	70	87,270
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	28,155	2,755	2,690	1,420	1,275	0	50	20	25,395
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	16,170	1,785	1,765	895	865	10	20	0	14,385
Industry
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the labour Force population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 71}	585,535	66,815	65,875	35,830	29,880	160	550	395	518,720
Industry - NAICS 2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 72}	10,225	5,240	5,215	4,310	900	10	20	10	4,985
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 73}	575,310	61,575	60,660	31,520	28,985	155	530	385	513,735
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	51,255	1,885	1,845	730	1,110	0	20	20	49,370
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	23,070	2,700	2,655	1,345	1,305	0	40	10	20,370
22 Utilities	5,390	575	570	310	260	0	0	0	4,815
23 Construction	49,310	6,425	6,350	3,225	3,115	10	45	25	42,890
31-33 Manufacturing	26,710	2,005	1,990	775	1,210	10	0	10	24,705
41 Wholesale trade	20,480	1,295	1,270	390	880	0	15	10	19,190
44-45 Retail trade	63,360	7,020	6,890	3,350	3,510	30	75	55	56,340
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	24,750	2,240	2,210	945	1,265	0	0	25	22,510
51 Information and cultural industries	10,010	710	690	265	425	0	10	0	9,300
52 Finance and insurance	20,160	1,095	1,090	395	690	0	10	0	19,060
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	7,650	700	685	330	360	0	0	10	6,950
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	25,250	1,410	1,380	575	790	10	25	10	23,835
55 Management of companies and enterprises	1,340	90	90	35	60	0	0	0	1,250
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	16,400	2,185	2,160	1,335	825	0	20	10	14,210
61 Educational services	45,365	6,175	6,085	3,735	2,350	0	50	30	39,190
62 Health care and social assistance	72,625	8,965	8,855	4,760	4,075	20	40	65	63,655
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	10,545	2,270	2,240	1,550	675	15	20	10	8,275
72 Accommodation and food services	37,785	4,855	4,765	2,630	2,115	25	55	30	32,930
81 Other services (except public administration)	25,680	2,275	2,225	940	1,265	15	20	30	23,405
91 Public administration	38,175	6,685	6,610	3,895	2,705	10	55	25	31,490
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 74}	544,090	54,380	53,585	26,980	26,455	150	470	325	489,710
Worked at home	59,385	2,175	2,135	630	1,500	0	35	15	57,205
Worked outside Canada	845	35	30	10	30	0	0	0	810
No fixed workplace address	68,510	8,695	8,580	4,575	3,985	20	80	40	59,810
Worked at usual place	415,360	43,470	42,840	21,775	20,940	120	360	275	371,885
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	415,355	43,475	42,835	21,775	20,940	120	360	275	371,885
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	288,875	28,385	27,960	13,745	14,110	105	250	175	260,490
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	89,420	10,810	10,665	6,035	4,625	10	70	70	78,615
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	28,045	3,330	3,275	1,600	1,670	0	35	20	24,715
Commute to a different province or territory	9,015	950	935	395	530	0	10	0	8,070
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 75}	483,865	52,170	51,415	26,345	24,920	145	440	310	431,695
Car, truck, van - as a driver	402,405	39,890	39,295	18,930	20,280	80	330	260	362,520
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	27,965	4,390	4,335	2,785	1,535	15	40	15	23,570
Public transit	13,825	1,810	1,780	1,085	675	15	15	10	12,015
Walked	27,120	3,950	3,920	2,390	1,510	20	20	15	23,165
Bicycle	5,480	435	430	185	235	10	10	0	5,040
Other method	7,075	1,695	1,660	970	685	0	30	10	5,385
Language used at work
Total - Language used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 76}	633,320	70,170	69,170	37,125	31,865	180	580	420	563,155
Official languages	631,550	69,870	68,870	36,855	31,840	175	575	420	561,685
English	630,935	69,835	68,840	36,835	31,825	180	575	420	561,095
French	6,635	595	575	95	485	0	10	10	6,040
Non-official languages	18,120	6,670	6,630	6,035	595	0	25	15	11,450
Aboriginal languages	6,690	6,575	6,535	5,990	545	0	30	10	120
Algonquian languages	4,665	4,565	4,530	4,245	285	0	25	10	95
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	4,560	4,465	4,430	4,145	285	0	25	0	90
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	520	495	485	450	40	0	10	0	25
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	60	60	60	50	10	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	215	205	205	205	0	0	0	0	10
Cree, n.o.s.	3,770	3,710	3,685	3,455	240	0	10	10	60
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	110	110	105	110	0	0	0	0	10
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	115	105	105	105	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	1,915	1,890	1,890	1,700	190	0	0	0	20
Northern Athabaskan languages	1,915	1,895	1,885	1,700	185	0	0	0	20
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	1,915	1,895	1,890	1,700	185	0	0	0	20
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	75	75	75	10	70	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	40	40	40	35	10	0	0	0	0
Dakota	40	35	40	35	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	11,425	100	90	45	45	0	0	0	11,335
Income statistics in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 77}	857,295	117,325	115,805	73,170	42,375	265	835	685	739,970
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	822,540	105,920	104,545	64,490	39,795	260	770	605	716,615
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,232	23,553	23,513	19,022	34,656	26,394	24,745	27,933	40,414
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	49,409	32,976	32,923	26,472	43,396	30,474	36,800	37,139	51,838
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	822,655	105,935	104,555	64,495	39,805	260	770	605	716,715
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,494	22,836	22,808	18,840	31,524	23,613	23,889	26,297	36,107
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,933	29,157	29,123	24,510	36,608	27,444	31,754	31,810	42,674
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	750,475	77,665	76,565	41,735	34,620	210	625	475	672,805
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,791	26,127	26,098	20,131	34,875	22,897	25,981	29,212	38,067
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	48,491	36,011	35,970	29,536	43,761	30,498	38,347	39,512	49,932
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	549,500	85,515	84,450	56,405	27,825	215	590	480	463,980
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,285	4,782	4,780	5,029	4,349	4,586	4,712	5,276	5,411
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,734	8,138	8,145	8,411	7,616	6,860	7,336	7,926	7,660
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	636,950	72,005	71,015	38,995	31,820	200	580	410	564,945
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,579	26,222	26,204	20,806	34,782	20,980	25,833	29,218	38,012
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,853	35,725	35,679	29,689	43,066	28,496	38,660	39,544	48,271
Employment income statistics
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 78}	857,300	117,330	115,810	73,165	42,375	260	835	685	739,970
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	302,775	28,235	27,815	13,560	14,190	65	240	175	274,540
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 80}	55,368	47,038	47,019	40,749	53,304	35,406	48,283	47,351	56,270
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 81}	64,855	53,700	53,670	47,856	59,270	44,608	56,430	54,646	66,002
Composition of total income in 2015
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 82}	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 83}	89.5	80.1	80.0	72.2	87.7	80.8	84.6	83.5	90.4
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 84}	73.4	73.6	73.6	67.8	79.3	71.9	79.1	72.2	73.4
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 85}	10.5	19.9	20.0	27.8	12.3	18.2	15.3	16.9	9.6
Total income groups in 2015
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 86}	857,295	117,330	115,810	73,170	42,375	265	840	685	739,970
Without total income	34,760	11,405	11,260	8,675	2,580	10	70	80	23,355
With total income	822,540	105,925	104,545	64,490	39,795	260	770	605	716,620
Percentage with total income	95.9	90.3	90.3	88.1	93.9	98.1	91.7	88.3	96.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	106,475	27,765	27,455	21,535	5,895	30	195	115	78,715
$10,000 to $19,999	117,515	19,560	19,320	12,870	6,370	80	145	100	97,955
$20,000 to $29,999	108,430	14,615	14,385	8,965	5,385	40	100	125	93,815
$30,000 to $39,999	95,735	11,650	11,510	6,640	4,815	55	60	75	84,090
$40,000 to $49,999	88,575	8,880	8,775	4,760	3,995	20	65	40	79,700
$50,000 to $59,999	70,625	6,320	6,230	2,970	3,250	10	55	35	64,310
$60,000 to $69,999	53,855	4,520	4,460	1,995	2,465	0	30	30	49,335
$70,000 to $79,999	41,680	3,360	3,305	1,330	1,965	10	15	35	38,320
$80,000 to $89,999	34,295	2,670	2,640	1,075	1,570	0	15	15	31,625
$90,000 to $99,999	26,075	1,990	1,950	750	1,195	10	20	20	24,085
$100,000 and over	79,280	4,605	4,510	1,615	2,890	10	70	30	74,670
$100,000 to $149,999	56,155	3,635	3,560	1,275	2,280	0	55	20	52,520
$150,000 and over	23,125	970	950	340	610	0	15	10	22,150
After-tax income groups in 2015
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	857,300	117,330	115,805	73,165	42,375	260	835	685	739,970
Without after-tax income	34,645	11,390	11,250	8,670	2,575	10	65	75	23,250
With after-tax income	822,655	105,935	104,560	64,495	39,800	260	770	610	716,715
Percentage with after-tax income	96.0	90.3	90.3	88.2	93.9	100.0	92.2	89.1	96.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	109,055	27,870	27,560	21,580	5,945	35	195	115	81,185
$10,000 to $19,999	123,000	20,115	19,865	13,115	6,660	90	150	100	102,890
$20,000 to $29,999	125,985	15,940	15,685	9,410	6,235	40	125	135	110,045
$30,000 to $39,999	119,175	13,200	13,045	7,180	5,815	55	70	85	105,975
$40,000 to $49,999	102,525	9,745	9,610	4,920	4,675	20	75	55	92,780
$50,000 to $59,999	74,100	6,670	6,575	3,015	3,555	10	45	45	67,430
$60,000 to $69,999	53,960	4,320	4,275	1,785	2,485	0	20	25	49,640
$70,000 to $79,999	38,290	3,105	3,055	1,225	1,815	20	30	15	35,185
$80,000 and over	76,550	4,970	4,880	2,255	2,625	0	60	30	71,580
$80,000 to $89,999	24,775	1,925	1,880	895	990	0	30	10	22,855
$90,000 to $99,999	16,360	1,120	1,105	530	575	0	10	10	15,240
$100,000 and over	35,415	1,925	1,895	825	1,060	0	20	0	33,490
Employment income groups in 2015
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 88}	857,295	117,330	115,810	73,165	42,375	260	835	680	739,970
Without employment income	220,345	45,325	44,795	34,170	10,560	60	255	275	175,025
With employment income	636,950	72,005	71,015	38,995	31,815	200	580	410	564,950
Percentage with employment income	74.3	61.4	61.3	53.3	75.1	76.9	69.5	60.3	76.3
Under $5,000 (including loss)	82,235	12,635	12,495	8,620	3,860	20	90	50	69,605
$5,000 to $9,999	46,415	7,015	6,930	4,460	2,440	35	60	25	39,400
$10,000 to $19,999	77,235	10,540	10,355	6,050	4,260	45	95	85	66,690
$20,000 to $29,999	68,615	8,995	8,865	5,165	3,670	30	75	60	59,620
$30,000 to $39,999	66,425	7,590	7,510	4,110	3,365	40	45	35	58,840
$40,000 to $49,999	61,125	6,115	6,020	2,935	3,075	10	55	40	55,015
$50,000 to $59,999	51,575	4,800	4,750	2,165	2,575	10	35	20	46,775
$60,000 to $69,999	39,520	3,665	3,625	1,525	2,090	10	20	20	35,860
$70,000 to $79,999	32,140	2,865	2,815	1,175	1,640	0	25	30	29,275
$80,000 and over	111,665	7,790	7,650	2,805	4,835	10	85	55	103,870
$80,000 to $89,999	28,130	2,300	2,265	900	1,370	0	15	20	25,830
$90,000 to $99,999	21,655	1,640	1,625	575	1,045	10	10	0	20,015
$100,000 and over	61,880	3,850	3,755	1,325	2,425	10	60	30	58,030
Income statistics in 2015 for economic families
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 89}	299,455	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	93,854	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	111,031	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Median after-tax total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	81,149	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	91,825	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	123,045	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	87,688	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	104,889	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	75,739	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	86,074	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	124,270	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	119,913	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	135,718	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	101,919	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	111,601	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	44,125	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	50,542	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	62,208	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,643	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	54,678	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.9	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Income statistics in 2015 for persons
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 90}	161,560	17,225	16,920	9,415	7,435	70	175	125	144,335
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 91}	35,680	22,264	22,191	19,413	31,375	30,658	27,606	22,883	37,355
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 92}	45,756	32,396	32,259	25,543	40,774	31,189	39,195	41,236	47,350
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 93}	32,331	21,765	21,694	19,350	28,581	27,728	26,332	22,883	33,468
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 94}	38,229	28,155	28,045	23,150	34,245	27,905	34,199	34,506	39,431
Economic family income decile group
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	1,070,555	175,020	172,805	114,570	57,875	360	1,305	905	895,540
In the bottom half of the distribution	503,535	124,935	123,565	93,500	29,815	250	800	570	378,600
In the bottom decile	112,530	51,330	50,925	43,645	7,245	35	265	145	61,205
In the second decile	103,730	28,955	28,600	21,705	6,845	45	175	175	74,780
In the third decile	94,625	18,515	18,335	12,760	5,480	90	130	50	76,115
In the fourth decile	94,275	14,220	14,020	8,615	5,345	55	125	70	80,060
In the fifth decile	98,370	11,925	11,690	6,770	4,900	15	105	125	86,445
In the top half of the distribution	567,025	50,080	49,240	21,070	28,065	110	505	340	516,935
In the sixth decile	105,220	11,855	11,645	5,845	5,785	15	135	80	93,360
In the seventh decile	111,050	11,075	10,900	5,160	5,735	10	100	80	99,975
In the eighth decile	115,530	10,480	10,340	4,145	6,155	35	75	60	105,045
In the ninth decile	119,680	9,590	9,400	3,390	5,960	50	130	50	110,095
In the top decile	115,545	7,085	6,960	2,530	4,425	0	60	65	108,460
Low-income status in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 96}	1,014,615	119,890	117,720	60,110	57,255	360	1,290	880	894,725
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	130,240	34,795	34,195	23,905	10,235	60	345	250	95,440
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	12.8	29.0	29.0	39.8	17.9	16.7	26.7	28.4	10.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	60,085	16,755	16,480	12,200	4,265	20	210	60	43,330
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.9	14.0	14.0	20.3	7.4	5.6	16.3	6.8	4.8

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 2

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 3

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 4

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 5

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 6

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit), but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 7

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

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Footnote 8

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family; Stepfamily status of couple family with children; and Relationship structure of stepfamily.

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Footnote 9

One or more grandparents of the child may also be present in the household.

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Footnote 10

In an intact family, all children are the biological or adopted children of both persons in the couple. This category also includes children living in census families for whom it cannot be determined whether it is an intact family or a stepfamily.

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Footnote 11

In a complex stepfamily, some or all of the children are step-siblings or half-siblings.

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Footnote 12

In a simple stepfamily, none of the children are step-siblings or half-siblings.

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Footnote 13

In a complex stepfamily, some or all of the children are step-siblings or half-siblings.

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Footnote 14

One or more grandparents of the child may also be present in the household.

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Footnote 15

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 16

Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 17

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 18

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 19

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 20

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Footnote 21

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 22

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 23

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 24

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 25

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 26

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ancestries in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ancestry in the census. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 27

In the Census of Population, some respondents may choose to provide very specific Aboriginal ancestries, while other respondents may choose to give more general responses. This means that two respondents with the same ancestry could have different response patterns and thus could be counted as having different Aboriginal ancestries. For example, one respondent may report 'First Nations' ethnic origin while another respondent, with a similar ancestral background, may report 'Ojibway' or 'Anishinaabe' ancestry; one respondent may report 'North American Indian' while another, similar respondent, may report 'Coast Salish' or 'Cowichan.' As a result, Aboriginal ancestry data are fluid, and counts for specific origins may seem different than initially expected. Users who wish to obtain broader response counts may wish to combine data for one or more ancestries together.

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Footnote 28

Includes general responses indicating Anishinaabe ancestry (e.g., 'Anishinaabe') as well as more specific responses indicating Anishinaabe ancestry (e.g., 'Nipissing').

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Footnote 29

Includes general responses indicating Blackfoot ancestry (e.g., 'Blackfoot') as well as more specific responses indicating Blackfoot ancestry (e.g., 'Siksika,' 'Piikani').

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Footnote 30

Includes general responses indicating Dene ancestry (e.g., 'Dene').

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Footnote 31

Includes general responses indicating Iroquois ancestry (e.g., 'Iroquois,' 'Haudenosaunee') as well as more specific responses indicating Iroquois origins (e.g., 'Seneca,' 'Onondaga,' 'Tuscarora').

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Footnote 32

Includes general responses indicating Salish ancestry (e.g., 'Salish') as well as more specific responses indicating Salish ancestry (e.g., 'Coast Salish,' 'Interior Salish,' 'K'omoks,' 'Saanich').

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Footnote 33

Includes general responses indicating Sioux ancestry (e.g., 'Sioux').

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Footnote 34

Includes general responses indicating Tutchone ancestry (e.g., 'Tutchone') as well as more specific responses indicating Tutchone ancestry (e.g., 'Northern Tutchone,' 'Southern Tutchone').

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Footnote 35

Includes general responses indicating First Nations ancestry (e.g., 'First Nations,' 'North American Indian') as well as more specific responses indicating First Nations ancestry that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Passamaquoddy,' 'Crow,' 'Cheyenne,' 'Athabascan').

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Footnote 36

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 37

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

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Footnote 38

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

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Footnote 39

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Footnote 40

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 41

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 42

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 43

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 44

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 45

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate,' available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 46

Here, 'postsecondary certificate or diploma' includes the categories 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma' and 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma.'

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Footnote 47

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 48

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree,' available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 49

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 50

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 51

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 52

'University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level' includes the categories 'University certificate or diploma above bachelor level,' 'Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry,' 'Master's degree' and 'Earned doctorate.'

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Footnote 53

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 54

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 55

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 56

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 57

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 58

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 59

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called 'labour force activity.'

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Footnote 60

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 61

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 62

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 63

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 64

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 65

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015, persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 66

Full time is 30 hours or more per week.

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Footnote 67

Part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 68

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 69

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 70

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday May 7, 2016 were employed, and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 71

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 72

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 73

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 74

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 75

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 76

The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 77

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

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Footnote 78

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 79

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

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Footnote 81

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

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Footnote 82

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 83

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 84

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 85

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 86

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 86 referrer

Footnote 87

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 87 referrer

Footnote 88

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 89

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 89 referrer

Footnote 90

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 91

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 92

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 93

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 94

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 95

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 96

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Return to footnote 96 referrer

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2018. Saskatchewan [Province] (table). Aboriginal Population Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-510-X2016001. Ottawa. Released July 18, 2018.
http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/abpopprof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 8, 2026).

Date modified:: 2019-06-19

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Aboriginal Population Profile, 2016 Census
Saskatchewan [Province]

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Aboriginal Population Profile, 2016 Census
Saskatchewan [Province]