Data tables, 2016 Census

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984), First Official Language Spoken (6), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

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This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , first official language spoken , age and sex for the population in private households in Roussillon
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Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984) First official language spoken (6)
Total - First official language spoken English French English and French Neither English nor French Official language minority (number)Footnote 1
Population in private households - 25% sample data 169,735 24,230 139,165 5,620 715 27,040
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data 169,735 24,230 139,165 5,620 715 27,040
0 to 14 years 32,525 4,090 26,980 1,110 350 4,640
0 to 4 years 9,880 1,205 8,065 290 315 1,350
5 to 9 years 11,630 1,495 9,750 345 35 1,665
10 to 14 years 11,025 1,390 9,165 470 0 1,625
15 to 64 years 114,015 16,510 93,160 4,190 155 18,605
15 to 19 years 10,825 1,475 8,875 470 0 1,710
20 to 24 years 10,335 1,675 8,265 370 15 1,865
25 to 29 years 8,590 1,350 6,920 310 0 1,500
30 to 34 years 9,710 1,390 7,890 425 0 1,605
35 to 39 years 12,205 1,605 9,915 680 0 1,950
40 to 44 years 12,415 1,635 10,075 700 0 1,985
45 to 49 years 12,660 1,775 10,365 510 10 2,030
50 to 54 years 14,090 2,125 11,560 385 15 2,320
55 to 59 years 13,130 2,000 10,860 230 45 2,115
60 to 64 years 10,060 1,475 8,425 110 50 1,530
65 years and over 23,195 3,630 19,030 320 215 3,790
65 to 69 years 8,335 1,210 6,965 115 50 1,265
70 to 74 years 6,620 815 5,630 120 55 875
75 to 79 years 4,095 755 3,255 45 40 780
80 to 84 years 2,440 500 1,870 25 35 520
85 years and over 1,705 350 1,315 15 30 355
85 to 89 years 1,275 230 1,000 15 25 240
90 to 94 years 355 90 265 0 10 85
95 to 99 years 75 20 45 0 10 20
100 years and over 10 10 0 0 0 0
Average age 39.1 40.5 39.1 34.0 34.5 not applicable ...
Median age 40.3 41.5 40.4 36.2 20.7 not applicable ...
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 2 137,210 20,140 112,185 4,515 370 22,395
Married or living common law 84,500 12,075 69,260 2,955 205 13,555
Married 51,595 9,400 39,270 2,725 195 10,760
Living common law 32,905 2,680 29,995 230 0 2,795
Not married and not living common law 52,710 8,065 42,925 1,555 165 8,845
Never married 37,170 5,405 30,440 1,300 30 6,055
Separated 1,805 380 1,345 65 10 415
Divorced 8,305 1,400 6,715 155 35 1,475
Widowed 5,430 875 4,430 35 90 895
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 3 137,210 20,140 112,190 4,515 370 22,395
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data 131,580 19,145 107,905 4,180 350 not applicable ...
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($) 46,820 41,168 48,201 39,643 16,037 not applicable ...
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($) 38,529 32,167 39,804 36,173 14,115 not applicable ...
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data 131,625 19,155 107,940 4,180 350 not applicable ...
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($) 37,916 33,750 38,909 33,263 15,215 not applicable ...
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($) 33,585 29,085 34,493 32,278 14,115 not applicable ...
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data 120,875 16,640 100,165 3,875 185 not applicable ...
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($) 44,415 40,255 45,446 37,054 15,215 not applicable ...
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($) 35,213 30,230 36,205 31,623 11,127 not applicable ...
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data 94,805 14,385 76,915 3,170 340 not applicable ...
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($) 8,354 8,221 8,437 6,947 8,184 not applicable ...
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($) 6,660 6,506 6,772 3,929 7,005 not applicable ...
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data 101,960 13,565 84,725 3,555 110 not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($) 45,138 42,355 45,926 37,815 18,457 not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($) 37,548 34,086 38,275 33,232 13,116 not applicable ...
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample dataFootnote 4 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 not applicable ...
Market income (%)Footnote 5 87.1 85.0 87.5 86.6 50.1 not applicable ...
Employment income (%)Footnote 6 74.7 72.9 74.8 81.1 36.2 not applicable ...
Government transfers (%)Footnote 7 12.9 15.0 12.5 13.3 49.6 not applicable ...
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 8 137,210 20,140 112,190 4,515 365 22,400
Without total income 5,630 995 4,280 335 15 1,165
With total income 131,580 19,145 107,910 4,180 350 21,235
Percentage with total income 95.9 95.1 96.2 92.6 95.9 94.8
Under $10,000 (including loss) 14,655 2,980 10,950 605 120 3,285
$10,000 to $19,999 19,605 3,255 15,555 655 135 3,585
$20,000 to $29,999 17,785 2,835 14,360 540 45 3,105
$30,000 to $39,999 16,255 2,335 13,345 545 30 2,610
$40,000 to $49,999 15,830 2,110 13,100 600 15 2,410
$50,000 to $59,999 12,755 1,675 10,615 465 0 1,910
$60,000 to $69,999 9,535 1,120 8,155 260 0 1,245
$70,000 to $79,999 7,570 890 6,485 190 0 985
$80,000 to $89,999 5,160 585 4,475 100 0 635
$90,000 to $99,999 3,415 375 2,960 80 0 415
$100,000 and over 9,015 970 7,905 140 0 1,040
$100,000 to $149,999 6,475 695 5,670 110 0 745
$150,000 and over 2,540 280 2,235 30 0 295
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 9 137,210 20,140 112,185 4,515 370 22,395
Without after-tax income 5,585 990 4,245 335 20 1,155
With after-tax income 131,625 19,150 107,945 4,180 350 21,240
Percentage with after-tax income 95.9 95.1 96.2 92.6 94.6 94.8
Under $10,000 (including loss) 15,315 3,075 11,505 615 120 3,385
$10,000 to $19,999 20,840 3,410 16,590 695 140 3,760
$20,000 to $29,999 21,855 3,460 17,710 640 45 3,780
$30,000 to $39,999 22,100 3,015 18,260 785 45 3,410
$40,000 to $49,999 18,395 2,420 15,260 720 0 2,780
$50,000 to $59,999 12,885 1,540 11,000 340 0 1,710
$60,000 to $69,999 8,235 910 7,165 165 0 995
$70,000 to $79,999 4,750 510 4,155 90 0 555
$80,000 and over 7,240 815 6,300 130 0 880
$80,000 to $89,999 2,505 265 2,185 55 0 290
$90,000 to $99,999 1,455 170 1,260 30 0 180
$100,000 and over 3,280 385 2,855 45 0 405
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 10 137,210 20,145 112,185 4,510 370 22,400
Without employment income 35,250 6,575 27,460 955 260 7,055
With employment income 101,960 13,565 84,725 3,555 110 15,345
Percentage with employment income 74.3 67.3 75.5 78.8 29.7 68.5
Under $5,000 (including loss) 11,330 1,710 9,230 360 too unreliable to be published F 1,890
$5,000 to $9,999 6,965 1,010 5,640 310 too unreliable to be published F 1,165
$10,000 to $19,999 12,995 1,870 10,590 500 too unreliable to be published F 2,120
$20,000 to $29,999 11,165 1,545 9,135 470 too unreliable to be published F 1,780
$30,000 to $39,999 11,600 1,595 9,510 485 too unreliable to be published F 1,845
$40,000 to $49,999 11,040 1,455 9,135 445 too unreliable to be published F 1,675
$50,000 to $59,999 9,165 1,200 7,610 355 too unreliable to be published F 1,375
$60,000 to $69,999 7,475 855 6,415 195 too unreliable to be published F 950
$70,000 to $79,999 6,265 755 5,350 155 too unreliable to be published F 835
$80,000 and over 13,960 1,575 12,120 270 too unreliable to be published F 1,710
$80,000 to $89,999 3,980 480 3,425 75 too unreliable to be published F 515
$90,000 to $99,999 2,755 315 2,375 65 too unreliable to be published F 345
$100,000 and over 7,230 780 6,320 130 too unreliable to be published F 845
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 11 137,210 20,140 112,190 4,515 370 22,395
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataFootnote 12 49,480 6,765 40,905 1,795 15 not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Footnote 13 52,553 50,403 53,356 45,356 0 not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Footnote 14 60,773 58,601 61,593 50,598 0 not applicable ...
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample DataFootnote 15 169,740 24,230 139,165 5,620 715 27,040
English only 7,735 7,735 0 0 0 7,735
French only 67,375 0 67,375 0 0 0
English and French 93,845 16,470 71,755 5,620 0 19,280
Neither English nor French 785 25 40 0 720 25
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample DataFootnote 16 169,735 24,230 139,170 5,625 720 27,045
English 22,645 20,450 2,195 0 0 20,450
French 132,355 1,415 130,935 0 0 1,415
Non-official language 8,700 1,095 2,580 4,305 720 3,250
Aboriginal 0 0 0 0 0 0
Non-Aboriginal 8,695 1,095 2,575 4,305 720 3,250
English and French 2,375 415 1,005 955 0 890
English and non-official language 780 760 25 0 0 755
French and non-official language 2,310 0 2,305 0 0 10
English, French and non-official language 580 90 125 360 0 270
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample DataFootnote 17 169,735 24,230 139,165 5,620 720 27,040
None 141,895 16,660 121,465 3,105 665 18,210
English 13,355 1,325 11,550 470 10 1,565
French 8,460 4,465 2,700 1,260 35 5,100
Non-official language 4,335 1,300 2,895 135 10 1,365
Aboriginal 10 10 0 0 0 0
Non-Aboriginal 4,330 1,295 2,895 135 10 1,365
English and French 660 25 35 600 10 320
English and non-official language 520 25 475 15 0 35
French and non-official language 480 430 45 0 0 430
English, French and non-official language 35 0 0 35 0 15
Total - Mother tongue for the population in private households - 25% Sample DataFootnote 18 169,735 24,230 139,170 5,620 720 27,040
English 19,490 19,455 30 0 0 19,455
French 130,325 55 130,265 0 0 55
Non-official language 15,910 3,660 6,840 4,695 720 6,005
Aboriginal 25 25 0 0 0 30
Non-Aboriginal 15,885 3,630 6,840 4,695 720 5,975
English and French 2,250 600 850 800 0 1,005
English and non-official language 410 400 15 0 0 400
French and non-official language 1,090 0 1,085 0 0 10
English, French and non-official language 265 55 85 125 0 115
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 19 169,740 24,230 139,165 5,620 720 27,040
Official languages 168,950 24,205 139,130 5,620 0 27,015
English 101,580 24,205 71,750 5,615 0 27,015
French 161,215 16,470 139,130 5,620 0 19,280
Non-official languages 25,285 5,625 14,050 4,895 720 8,070
Aboriginal languages 65 60 10 0 0 65
Non-Aboriginal languages 25,225 5,570 14,040 4,895 720 8,015
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 20 169,735 24,230 139,165 5,620 720 27,040
Aboriginal identityFootnote 21 2,645 965 1,650 25 0 980
Single Aboriginal responsesFootnote 22 2,485 925 1,535 25 0 935
First Nations (North American Indian)Footnote 23 1,590 765 820 0 0 765
Métis 875 155 700 20 0 165
Inuk (Inuit) 20 0 15 0 0 0
Multiple Aboriginal responsesFootnote 24 70 10 60 0 0 10
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereFootnote 25 90 35 55 0 0 35
Non-Aboriginal identity 167,095 23,265 137,515 5,595 715 26,065
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 26 169,735 24,230 139,165 5,620 720 27,040
Registered or Treaty IndianFootnote 27 1,135 620 505 10 10 620
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian 168,610 23,615 138,660 5,615 715 26,420
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 28 169,735 24,230 139,165 5,620 720 27,040
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Footnote 29 1,365 255 1,115 0 0 255
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Footnote 30 1,350 255 1,090 0 0 255
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryFootnote 31 1,135 235 900 0 0 235
Métis single ancestry 195 15 180 0 0 15
Inuit single ancestry 20 0 20 0 0 0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Footnote 32 20 0 20 0 0 0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries 20 0 20 0 0 0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries 0 0 0 0 0 0
Métis and Inuit ancestries 0 0 0 0 0 0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries 0 0 0 0 0 0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesFootnote 33 5,435 1,185 4,190 50 10 1,215
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesFootnote 34 5,365 1,180 4,125 55 0 1,210
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries 4,770 1,060 3,655 55 10 1,090
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries 575 120 445 0 0 125
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries 20 0 25 0 0 0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesFootnote 35 70 0 65 0 0 0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries 65 0 60 0 0 0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries 10 0 10 0 0 0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries 0 0 0 0 0 0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries 0 0 0 0 0 0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Footnote 36 162,935 22,790 133,865 5,565 715 25,575
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 37 169,735 24,230 139,170 5,625 720 27,040
Canadian citizensFootnote 38 165,925 23,125 137,250 5,040 510 25,645
Canadian citizens only 158,525 22,005 133,000 3,110 410 23,555
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country 7,400 1,125 4,250 1,930 95 2,090
Not Canadian citizensFootnote 39 3,810 1,110 1,915 580 210 1,400
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 40 169,735 24,230 139,170 5,620 720 27,040
Non-immigrantsFootnote 41 150,535 19,130 129,340 1,735 330 20,000
ImmigrantsFootnote 42 18,675 4,815 9,635 3,850 375 6,745
Before 1981 4,060 1,980 1,730 305 40 2,135
1981 to 1990 2,015 730 920 340 25 900
1991 to 2000 3,365 795 1,730 755 80 1,170
2001 to 2010 7,040 955 4,010 1,980 95 1,945
2001 to 2005 3,035 415 1,675 895 50 860
2006 to 2010 4,005 540 2,335 1,085 40 1,085
2011 to 2016Footnote 43 2,205 365 1,240 470 135 595
Non-permanent residentsFootnote 44 525 285 190 35 15 300
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 45 18,680 4,815 9,630 3,855 380 6,745
Under 5 years 2,155 485 1,355 295 20 630
5 to 14 years 3,300 870 1,660 755 15 1,250
15 to 24 years 3,210 1,160 1,450 570 20 1,445
25 to 44 years 9,030 2,075 4,680 2,165 110 3,160
45 years and over 990 220 480 70 215 255
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 46 18,675 4,815 9,630 3,850 380 6,740
Americas 4,965 1,715 2,050 1,125 75 2,280
Brazil 220 35 55 130 0 100
Colombia 465 15 265 165 25 95
El Salvador 265 40 105 125 0 95
Guyana 110 110 0 0 0 110
Haiti 550 10 520 10 10 15
Jamaica 295 295 0 0 0 290
Mexico 340 40 160 140 0 105
Peru 360 10 200 140 0 75
Trinidad and Tobago 205 205 0 0 0 200
United StatesFootnote 47 495 330 130 30 0 350
Other places of birth in Americas 1,670 630 610 385 40 830
Europe 6,195 1,425 3,115 1,555 100 2,205
Bosnia and Herzegovina 30 20 0 10 0 25
Croatia 30 0 15 0 10 10
France 1,130 10 1,100 20 0 20
Germany 215 160 45 0 0 165
Greece 150 130 10 10 0 130
Hungary 45 30 10 0 0 35
IrelandFootnote 48 25 25 0 0 0 20
Italy 540 225 220 75 15 260
Netherlands 50 30 10 10 0 35
Poland 345 80 125 135 10 145
Portugal 400 80 270 50 10 100
Romania 865 30 320 510 10 280
Russian Federation 410 75 185 135 15 140
SerbiaFootnote 49 15 10 0 10 0 0
Ukraine 365 25 165 160 15 105
United KingdomFootnote 50 360 340 15 10 0 345
Other places of birth in Europe 1,225 165 615 420 25 375
Africa 4,160 335 3,375 440 10 555
Algeria 805 15 750 45 0 35
Egypt 330 60 180 85 0 105
Ethiopia 0 10 0 0 0 0
Kenya 30 20 0 10 0 25
Morocco 860 0 765 95 10 45
Nigeria 55 50 0 0 0 50
Somalia 10 0 0 0 0 0
South Africa, Republic of 15 0 10 0 0 0
Other places of birth in Africa 2,050 170 1,670 205 0 275
Asia 3,330 1,315 1,100 725 190 1,680
Afghanistan 90 20 20 40 10 35
Bangladesh 90 50 20 15 0 55
ChinaFootnote 51 865 305 310 175 70 390
Hong KongFootnote 52 85 75 0 10 10 80
India 230 185 15 15 15 195
IranFootnote 53 170 70 25 60 15 100
Iraq 25 10 15 0 0 15
Japan 20 10 10 0 0 10
Korea, SouthFootnote 54 55 15 35 10 0 20
Lebanon 255 30 170 50 10 55
Pakistan 70 45 0 25 0 60
Philippines 205 200 0 0 0 200
Sri Lanka 45 30 0 15 0 40
SyriaFootnote 55 40 15 20 10 10 15
Taiwan 75 45 10 20 10 55
Viet Nam 170 25 110 30 10 35
Other places of birth in Asia 825 180 345 260 40 315
Oceania and other places of birthFootnote 56 25 20 0 0 0 20
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 57 2,205 360 1,245 465 140 595
Americas 570 125 245 165 40 205
Brazil 65 10 20 35 0 30
Colombia 75 0 25 30 20 15
Cuba 15 10 10 10 0 0
Haiti 75 0 65 10 10 0
Jamaica 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mexico 60 10 40 10 0 10
United StatesFootnote 58 55 35 20 0 0 35
VenezuelaFootnote 59 55 15 10 25 0 30
Other places of birth in Americas 180 50 65 50 10 80
Europe 590 55 340 160 30 135
France 155 0 155 0 0 0
Germany 0 0 0 0 0 0
IrelandFootnote 60 0 0 0 0 0 0
MoldovaFootnote 61 85 10 35 30 10 25
Romania 30 0 0 30 0 15
Russian Federation 80 0 25 40 10 25
Ukraine 130 10 60 45 10 30
United KingdomFootnote 62 15 10 10 0 0 10
Other places of birth in Europe 95 10 60 15 10 20
Africa 660 40 535 90 0 85
Algeria 75 10 65 0 0 0
Cameroon 130 0 110 20 0 0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the 20 0 20 0 0 0
Côte d'Ivoire 40 0 40 0 0 0
Egypt 20 0 10 10 0 0
Eritrea 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ethiopia 0 0 0 0 0 0
Morocco 65 0 50 15 0 10
Nigeria 10 10 0 0 0 0
Somalia 0 0 0 0 0 0
South Africa, Republic of 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tunisia 90 0 80 10 0 10
Other places of birth in Africa 205 25 150 25 0 40
Asia 380 145 120 60 60 170
Afghanistan 10 0 0 0 0 0
Bangladesh 10 0 0 0 0 0
ChinaFootnote 63 105 35 15 10 40 40
Hong KongFootnote 64 0 0 0 0 0 0
India 35 20 10 0 0 20
IranFootnote 65 10 0 0 10 0 0
Iraq 0 0 0 0 0 0
Israel 0 0 0 0 0 0
Japan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Korea, SouthFootnote 66 15 0 15 0 0 0
Lebanon 15 10 0 0 10 10
Nepal 0 0 0 0 0 0
Pakistan 10 10 0 0 0 0
Philippines 50 40 10 0 0 45
Saudi Arabia 0 0 0 0 0 0
Sri Lanka 0 0 0 0 0 0
SyriaFootnote 67 0 0 0 0 10 0
Taiwan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Turkey 10 0 0 0 0 0
United Arab Emirates 0 0 0 0 0 0
Viet Nam 20 10 15 0 0 0
Other places of birth in Asia 100 20 45 25 10 30
Oceania and otherFootnote 68 0 0 0 0 0 0
Australia 0 0 0 0 0 0
Other places of birthFootnote 69 0 0 0 0 0 0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 70 169,735 24,230 139,170 5,620 720 27,040
First generationFootnote 71 19,610 5,215 10,105 3,895 390 7,160
Second generationFootnote 72 17,400 6,015 9,890 1,195 305 6,610
Third generation or moreFootnote 73 132,725 13,005 119,175 530 20 13,265
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataFootnote 74 14,855 2,900 8,025 3,595 345 4,700
Economic immigrantsFootnote 75 8,620 1,175 4,910 2,460 75 2,405
Principal applicantsFootnote 76 3,800 610 2,110 1,065 0 1,150
Secondary applicantsFootnote 77 4,815 560 2,795 1,390 65 1,260
Immigrants sponsored by familyFootnote 78 3,750 1,270 1,850 475 160 1,500
RefugeesFootnote 79 2,275 400 1,135 650 85 730
Other immigrantsFootnote 80 220 55 130 15 25 60
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 81 169,735 24,230 139,170 5,620 720 27,045
Total visible minority populationFootnote 82 18,285 5,470 9,885 2,470 465 6,705
South AsianFootnote 83 1,100 585 255 215 50 690
Chinese 1,945 780 715 335 110 945
Black 6,680 2,680 3,750 240 20 2,795
Filipino 390 335 25 30 0 345
Latin American 2,905 260 1,565 965 120 740
Arab 3,060 210 2,410 365 70 395
Southeast AsianFootnote 84 705 70 540 65 30 105
West AsianFootnote 85 455 130 115 155 55 205
Korean 95 40 55 0 0 40
Japanese 90 30 35 15 10 40
Visible minority, n.i.e.Footnote 86 345 110 185 45 0 130
Multiple visible minoritiesFootnote 87 530 245 240 35 0 260
Not a visible minorityFootnote 88 151,450 18,760 129,280 3,155 255 20,335
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 89 169,735 24,230 139,170 5,620 720 27,040
North American Aboriginal origins 6,800 1,440 5,300 55 0 1,465
First Nations (North American Indian) 5,990 1,295 4,640 55 0 1,330
Inuit 50 0 50 0 0 0
Métis 850 145 705 0 0 145
Other North American origins 105,585 7,400 97,705 455 20 7,630
Acadian 760 65 690 10 0 70
American 905 320 575 10 0 325
Canadian 101,150 7,045 93,650 435 20 7,265
New Brunswicker 50 0 45 0 0 0
Newfoundlander 10 10 0 0 0 0
Nova Scotian 15 0 20 0 0 0
Ontarian 50 0 45 0 0 10
Québécois 4,225 110 4,085 30 0 125
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Footnote 90 15 0 15 0 0 0
European origins 72,645 16,475 52,855 3,070 245 18,010
British Isles origins 22,350 10,645 11,405 305 0 10,795
Channel Islander 20 10 10 0 0 10
Cornish 0 0 0 0 0 0
English 7,380 5,055 2,200 120 0 5,110
Irish 13,085 5,410 7,505 170 0 5,490
Manx 0 0 0 0 0 0
Scottish 6,670 3,860 2,710 100 0 3,915
Welsh 335 315 10 10 0 325
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Footnote 91 1,035 755 270 0 0 760
French origins 42,565 4,210 37,985 355 15 4,390
Alsatian 20 0 15 0 0 0
Breton 185 0 180 0 0 0
Corsican 20 0 20 0 0 0
French 42,400 4,205 37,830 355 15 4,380
Western European origins (except French origins) 5,980 2,080 3,705 190 0 2,180
Austrian 340 190 130 20 0 200
Bavarian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Belgian 1,260 100 1,145 20 0 110
Dutch 520 320 175 20 0 330
Flemish 35 0 35 0 0 0
Frisian 10 10 0 0 0 0
German 3,575 1,510 1,935 130 0 1,575
Luxembourger 0 0 0 0 0 0
Swiss 530 110 415 10 0 115
Western European origins, n.i.e.Footnote 92 0 0 0 0 0 0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins) 595 390 200 0 0 390
Danish 150 90 55 10 0 95
Finnish 85 85 10 0 0 80
Icelandic 15 10 0 0 0 0
Norwegian 160 110 55 0 0 110
Swedish 125 80 40 0 0 80
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Footnote 93 95 35 60 0 0 35
Eastern European origins 6,925 2,095 3,025 1,665 145 2,925
Bulgarian 415 40 130 240 10 160
Byelorussian 150 15 85 40 15 35
Czech 165 75 60 30 0 90
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Footnote 94 40 30 15 0 0 30
Estonian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Hungarian 480 200 230 55 0 225
Latvian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Lithuanian 160 75 80 0 0 75
Moldovan 255 10 140 100 15 55
Polish 1,925 755 880 280 10 895
Romanian 1,580 170 725 655 30 500
Russian 1,395 420 565 335 75 585
Slovak 95 30 70 10 0 30
Ukrainian 1,470 615 530 270 50 755
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Footnote 95 10 0 10 0 0 0
Southern European origins 12,920 4,615 7,140 1,060 100 5,150
Albanian 20 10 10 0 0 10
Bosnian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Catalan 10 0 0 0 0 0
Croatian 195 80 85 25 0 90
Cypriot 25 20 0 0 0 20
Greek 1,140 595 440 90 0 650
Italian 8,145 3,080 4,550 475 45 3,310
Kosovar 0 0 0 0 0 0
Macedonian 30 0 25 0 0 10
Maltese 65 30 35 0 0 25
Montenegrin 10 0 0 10 0 10
Portuguese 1,830 560 1,085 185 10 655
Serbian 65 35 15 15 0 40
Sicilian 15 15 0 0 0 20
Slovenian 60 20 30 15 0 25
Spanish 2,190 535 1,185 415 55 740
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Footnote 96 30 10 25 0 0 0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Footnote 97 15 0 10 0 0 0
Other European origins 530 190 220 105 10 245
Basque 65 0 50 15 0 0
Jewish 300 130 75 80 10 175
Roma (Gypsy) 20 0 15 0 0 0
Slavic, n.o.s.Footnote 98 20 10 0 10 0 15
Other European origins, n.i.e.Footnote 99 125 45 80 0 0 40
Caribbean origins 4,010 2,120 1,730 145 20 2,195
Antiguan 50 45 0 0 0 45
Bahamian 20 15 0 0 0 15
Barbadian 430 405 20 0 0 405
Bermudan 10 10 0 0 0 0
Carib 10 10 0 0 0 0
Cuban 165 15 130 20 0 20
Dominican 240 10 185 35 10 30
Grenadian 85 80 0 0 0 80
Guadeloupean 10 0 0 0 0 0
Haitian 1,530 130 1,350 55 10 150
Jamaican 775 685 40 45 0 710
Kittitian/Nevisian 30 20 10 0 0 20
Martinican 0 0 0 0 0 0
Montserratan 15 20 0 0 0 20
Puerto Rican 15 10 0 0 0 0
St. Lucian 75 45 30 0 0 45
Trinidadian/Tobagonian 360 335 25 10 0 340
Vincentian/Grenadinian 280 275 10 0 0 275
West Indian, n.o.s.Footnote 100 275 270 0 0 0 275
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Footnote 101 115 110 10 0 0 110
Latin, Central and South American origins 4,275 715 2,315 1,100 140 1,265
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya) 95 10 70 15 0 20
Arawak 15 0 0 0 0 0
Argentinian 75 20 35 15 0 25
Belizean 15 10 0 0 0 0
Bolivian 55 0 30 20 0 15
Brazilian 220 25 115 65 10 60
Chilean 425 20 330 65 10 50
Colombian 640 55 385 155 45 135
Costa Rican 15 10 10 0 0 0
Ecuadorian 45 15 20 0 0 15
Guatemalan 300 45 165 85 0 95
Guyanese 175 160 10 0 0 160
Hispanic 20 20 0 0 0 15
Honduran 85 25 30 25 10 40
Maya 40 0 25 10 10 10
Mexican 725 115 400 185 30 205
Nicaraguan 80 15 45 15 10 25
Panamanian 75 40 25 10 0 45
Paraguayan 20 10 10 10 0 10
Peruvian 615 35 380 185 15 125
Salvadorean 420 70 190 160 0 150
Uruguayan 10 0 10 0 0 0
Venezuelan 175 45 65 55 15 70
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Footnote 102 200 30 80 70 10 70
African origins 6,845 975 5,385 425 60 1,185
Central and West African origins 1,845 215 1,545 75 10 255
Akan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Angolan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ashanti 15 15 0 0 0 10
Beninese 80 0 80 0 0 0
Burkinabe 60 0 60 0 0 0
Cameroonian 500 55 430 20 0 60
Chadian 30 0 35 0 0 0
Congolese 455 45 405 10 10 45
Edo 10 10 10 0 0 0
Ewe 55 0 50 0 0 0
Gabonese 20 0 15 0 0 0
Gambian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ghanaian 65 30 25 10 0 40
Guinean 105 0 100 10 0 0
Ibo 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ivorian 130 0 130 0 0 0
Liberian 10 10 0 0 0 0
Malian 35 0 40 0 0 0
Malinké 0 0 0 0 0 0
Nigerian 70 50 15 0 0 50
Peulh 30 0 30 0 0 0
Senegalese 110 0 95 0 10 0
Sierra Leonean 0 0 0 0 0 0
Togolese 155 0 145 10 0 0
Wolof 0 0 0 10 0 0
Yoruba 15 15 0 0 0 0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Footnote 103 105 20 80 0 0 20
North African origins 3,395 225 2,860 270 45 355
Algerian 905 40 845 20 0 50
Berber 365 10 325 40 10 25
Coptic 0 0 0 0 0 0
Dinka 0 0 0 0 0 0
Egyptian 660 155 390 105 10 205
Libyan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Maure 0 0 0 0 0 0
Moroccan 1,195 30 1,070 75 15 70
Sudanese 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tunisian 385 10 315 40 15 30
North African origins, n.i.e.Footnote 104 60 0 60 0 0 0
Southern and East African origins 730 140 530 55 10 165
Afrikaner 0 0 0 0 0 0
Amhara 0 0 0 0 0 0
Bantu, n.o.s.Footnote 105 25 0 20 10 0 0
Burundian 80 0 75 0 0 0
Djiboutian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Eritrean 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ethiopian 10 10 0 0 0 0
Harari 0 0 0 0 0 0
Kenyan 25 25 0 0 0 25
Malagasy 175 0 155 25 0 10
Mauritian 135 20 120 0 0 20
Oromo 0 0 0 0 0 0
Rwandan 170 40 125 0 0 45
Seychellois 25 20 0 10 0 20
Somali 15 0 15 0 0 10
South African 10 0 10 0 0 0
Tanzanian 20 0 20 0 0 0
Tigrian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ugandan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Zambian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Zimbabwean 10 10 0 0 0 0
Zulu 0 0 0 0 0 0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Footnote 106 55 15 20 10 0 20
Other African origins 985 395 545 40 0 410
Black, n.o.s.Footnote 107 180 90 85 0 0 95
Other African origins, n.i.e.Footnote 108 875 305 530 30 0 320
Asian origins 8,030 2,675 3,790 1,265 300 3,305
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins 3,070 560 1,880 530 100 825
Afghan 130 20 40 50 20 45
Arab, n.o.s.Footnote 109 785 35 640 105 0 85
Armenian 265 65 135 65 0 95
Assyrian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Azerbaijani 0 0 0 0 0 0
Georgian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Hazara 15 0 0 0 10 10
Iranian 360 140 105 90 25 185
Iraqi 30 10 20 0 0 10
Israeli 110 35 45 30 0 50
Jordanian 60 50 10 0 0 50
Kazakh 20 0 15 10 0 0
Kurd 10 0 0 0 0 0
Kuwaiti 0 0 0 0 0 0
Kyrgyz 40 0 15 20 0 15
Lebanese 760 125 565 50 15 155
Palestinian 220 65 90 35 25 80
Pashtun 0 0 0 0 0 0
Saudi Arabian 10 0 0 0 0 0
Syrian 225 15 195 0 15 15
Tajik 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tatar 35 10 15 20 0 10
Turk 230 70 100 50 0 95
Turkmen 0 0 0 0 0 0
Uighur 35 0 10 15 10 10
Uzbek 30 0 20 10 0 0
Yemeni 15 0 10 10 0 0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Footnote 110 40 10 10 25 0 20
South Asian origins 1,335 755 320 220 40 870
Bangladeshi 120 40 20 50 10 65
Bengali 30 15 10 0 0 15
Bhutanese 0 0 0 0 0 0
East Indian 925 545 260 115 10 600
Goan 10 0 0 0 0 0
Gujarati 0 0 0 0 0 0
Kashmiri 0 0 0 0 0 0
Nepali 0 0 0 0 0 0
Pakistani 135 90 10 25 10 105
Punjabi 55 25 0 15 20 30
Sinhalese 10 0 0 10 0 0
Sri Lankan 55 40 0 15 0 50
Tamil 0 0 0 0 0 0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Footnote 111 25 10 10 10 0 10
East and Southeast Asian origins 3,790 1,465 1,635 530 165 1,730
Burmese 25 15 0 10 0 15
Cambodian (Khmer) 190 15 160 15 10 15
Chinese 2,455 910 995 420 130 1,120
Filipino 510 440 35 35 0 455
Hmong 0 0 0 0 0 0
Indonesian 10 0 0 0 0 0
Japanese 145 55 65 20 10 65
Karen 0 0 0 0 0 0
Korean 100 50 45 10 0 55
Laotian 115 0 95 10 0 10
Malaysian 25 0 0 10 0 15
Mongolian 30 10 10 15 0 20
Singaporean 0 0 0 0 0 0
Taiwanese 45 25 0 10 0 35
Thai 50 10 20 15 0 15
Tibetan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Vietnamese 450 40 365 25 15 55
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Footnote 112 0 0 0 0 0 0
Other Asian origins 35 15 20 0 0 15
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Footnote 113 40 15 20 0 0 15
Oceania origins 50 25 25 0 0 25
Australian 40 20 15 0 0 20
New Zealander 0 0 0 0 0 0
Pacific Islands origins 10 0 10 0 0 0
Fijian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Hawaiian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Maori 0 0 0 0 0 0
Samoan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Polynesian, n.o.s.Footnote 114 0 0 0 0 0 0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Footnote 115 10 0 10 0 0 0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 116 137,210 20,145 112,185 4,515 365 22,400
No certificate, diploma or degree 25,175 3,315 21,130 570 165 3,595
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateFootnote 117 33,835 6,230 26,845 665 90 6,565
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree 78,205 10,595 64,215 3,285 110 12,240
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma 23,720 2,720 20,475 490 40 2,965
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationFootnote 118 16,725 1,835 14,540 325 30 1,995
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationFootnote 119 6,990 885 5,930 160 10 970
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma 24,785 3,980 20,045 735 20 4,350
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level 4,880 565 4,130 175 10 655
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above 24,825 3,330 19,560 1,885 50 4,270
Bachelor's degree 17,220 2,300 13,715 1,160 50 2,880
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level 2,465 305 1,865 300 0 455
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry 490 65 390 40 0 85
Master's degree 4,265 600 3,300 370 0 785
Earned doctorateFootnote 120 370 60 300 20 0 70
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 121 137,210 20,140 112,185 4,515 365 22,395
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeFootnote 122 59,005 9,545 47,975 1,235 260 10,160
Education 5,300 630 4,565 90 15 680
13. Education 5,300 635 4,570 85 10 675
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies 2,545 435 1,980 130 0 500
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services 435 60 360 25 0 70
50. Visual and performing arts 2,110 380 1,625 110 0 430
Humanities 3,480 420 2,915 145 0 490
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics 445 70 345 30 10 80
23. English language and literature/letters 165 95 65 10 0 95
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities 2,070 150 1,850 70 0 190
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesFootnote 123 15 0 10 0 0 0
38. Philosophy and religious studies 110 10 95 10 0 15
39. Theology and religious vocations 155 30 120 0 0 30
54. History 155 35 120 0 0 35
55. French language and literature/letters 360 35 310 20 0 40
Social and behavioural sciences and law 7,065 1,395 5,260 390 20 1,590
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies 45 0 30 15 0 10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs 920 105 795 20 0 115
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences 1,565 285 1,240 35 10 300
22. Legal professions and studies 1,400 75 1,225 85 15 115
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesFootnote 124 95 10 90 0 0 10
42. Psychology 905 200 685 25 0 210
45. Social sciences 2,140 720 1,205 205 0 830
Business, management and public administration 19,505 2,360 16,305 825 15 2,775
30.16 Accounting and computer science 10 0 10 0 0 0
44. Public administration and social service professions 660 70 555 35 0 90
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services 18,840 2,290 15,745 795 15 2,690
Physical and life sciences and technologies 2,380 350 1,865 160 0 430
26. Biological and biomedical sciences 685 110 525 50 0 135
30.01 Biological and physical sciences 500 85 390 20 0 95
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesFootnote 125 315 10 290 15 0 15
40. Physical sciences 725 120 530 65 0 150
41. Science technologies/technicians 160 30 125 0 0 30
Mathematics, computer and information sciences 3,430 565 2,615 250 0 690
11. Computer and information sciences and support services 3,010 495 2,295 220 0 610
25. Library science 130 10 125 0 0 0
27. Mathematics and statistics 260 60 165 35 0 75
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesFootnote 126 40 0 35 0 0 10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies 17,680 2,225 14,575 840 40 2,645
04. Architecture and related services 485 60 375 50 0 80
14. Engineering 3,115 395 2,235 470 15 635
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields 3,120 440 2,605 80 0 480
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation 0 0 0 0 0 0
46. Construction trades 4,260 490 3,670 85 20 525
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians 4,125 495 3,520 110 0 550
48. Precision production 2,570 350 2,165 45 10 370
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation 925 100 780 35 0 120
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences 725 60 630 25 10 80
03. Natural resources and conservation 200 35 155 10 0 40
Health and related fields 9,335 1,375 7,670 275 10 1,515
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies 550 130 415 10 0 135
51. Health professions and related programs 8,705 1,235 7,195 270 10 1,365
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs 80 15 65 0 0 15
Personal, protective and transportation services 6,540 740 5,665 135 0 805
12. Personal and culinary services 3,315 455 2,810 50 10 480
28. Military science, leadership and operational art 10 0 0 0 0 0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences 40 10 30 0 0 10
43. Security and protective services 1,775 125 1,635 25 0 135
49. Transportation and materials moving 1,395 155 1,185 60 0 180
Other 15 0 15 0 0 0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other 10 0 15 0 0 0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 127 137,210 20,140 112,185 4,515 365 22,400
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree 59,010 9,545 47,975 1,230 255 10,160
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeFootnote 128 78,205 10,600 64,210 3,280 115 12,235
Location of study inside Canada 71,900 9,180 61,005 1,705 10 10,030
Same as province or territory of residence 70,095 8,490 59,940 1,660 0 9,315
Different than province or territory of residence 1,805 690 1,065 55 0 720
Location of study outside CanadaFootnote 129 6,305 1,415 3,205 1,575 105 2,205
United StatesFootnote 130 410 205 185 15 0 215
Philippines 105 90 10 0 0 90
India 55 40 0 10 0 45
United KingdomFootnote 131 190 140 40 10 0 150
ChinaFootnote 132 265 140 45 55 20 175
France 840 35 775 30 0 45
Other 4,445 760 2,150 1,450 80 1,490
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataFootnote 133 137,210 20,140 112,185 4,515 365 not applicable ...
In the labour force 94,885 12,935 78,405 3,465 80 not applicable ...
Employed 89,370 11,765 74,300 3,250 60 not applicable ...
Unemployed 5,510 1,170 4,100 215 20 not applicable ...
Not in the labour force 42,325 7,205 33,785 1,045 285 not applicable ...
Participation rate 69.2 64.2 69.9 76.7 21.9 not applicable ...
Employment rate 65.1 58.4 66.2 72.0 16.4 not applicable ...
Unemployment rate 5.8 9.0 5.2 6.2 25.0 not applicable ...
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataFootnote 134 137,210 20,140 112,190 4,515 365 22,400
Did not workFootnote 135 39,725 7,100 31,325 1,015 280 7,610
Worked 97,485 13,040 80,860 3,500 90 14,790
Worked full year, full timeFootnote 136 50,315 6,965 41,510 1,825 15 7,880
Worked part year and/or part timeFootnote 137 47,170 6,075 39,350 1,670 75 6,910
Average weeks worked in reference year 43.8 43.6 43.9 43.6 39.4 not applicable ...
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample dataFootnote 138 99,735 13,450 82,580 3,620 95 15,255
a.Management 10,640 1,615 8,630 375 10 1,805
00 Senior management occupations 1,605 155 1,410 40 0 170
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations 3,805 610 3,090 95 10 660
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services 3,430 545 2,710 170 0 630
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities 1,795 310 1,415 75 0 350
b.Professional 16,435 2,035 13,690 705 0 2,385
11 Professional occupations in business and finance 4,020 470 3,345 205 0 570
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences 3,395 410 2,700 290 0 550
30 Professional occupations in nursing 1,685 200 1,430 45 0 225
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing) 1,020 80 910 30 0 95
40 Professional occupations in education services 3,680 505 3,110 60 0 535
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services 1,835 255 1,530 45 0 280
51 Professional occupations in art and culture 805 110 660 30 0 130
c.Technical and paraprofessional 11,645 1,280 9,900 455 10 1,510
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences 3,250 370 2,695 180 0 465
32 Technical occupations in health 1,890 230 1,590 70 0 260
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services 3,130 305 2,715 105 0 355
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services 1,270 70 1,185 10 0 75
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport 2,115 305 1,710 90 0 355
d.Administration and administrative support 14,355 2,225 11,600 525 10 2,490
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations 6,730 920 5,605 205 0 1,025
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations 1,055 170 855 30 0 185
14 Office support occupations 4,355 785 3,350 220 0 895
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations 2,215 355 1,780 75 0 390
e.Sales 10,770 1,405 9,060 300 10 1,555
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations 1,975 330 1,555 95 0 375
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade 4,560 665 3,790 105 0 715
66 Sales support occupations 4,235 410 3,715 100 10 465
f.Personal and customer information services 15,575 2,575 12,325 640 30 2,900
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services 1,725 305 1,340 80 0 345
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations 1,155 230 885 35 0 245
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations 2,695 390 2,175 120 15 445
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations 4,930 800 3,905 225 0 910
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c. 5,070 855 4,020 180 10 945
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades 8,215 870 7,170 175 0 955
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades 4,875 485 4,290 95 10 535
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades 3,345 385 2,885 80 0 425
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction 7,010 875 5,855 280 0 1,015
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers 1,740 275 1,425 35 0 290
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations 4,060 460 3,380 220 0 570
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations 1,215 140 1,045 30 0 155
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations 905 65 810 20 10 75
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production 165 10 150 0 0 15
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production 180 10 160 10 10 15
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers 560 40 500 20 0 50
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities 4,190 495 3,540 145 10 565
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators 675 55 580 30 0 70
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers 1,450 150 1,235 65 10 180
95 Assemblers in manufacturing 850 105 720 20 0 115
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities 1,215 185 1,010 20 10 195
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample dataFootnote 139 99,740 13,445 82,575 3,620 95 15,255
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting 655 60 570 20 0 65
111 - 112 FarmsFootnote 140 575 45 505 20 0 55
113 Forestry and logging 35 10 30 10 0 0
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping 10 0 10 0 0 0
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry 35 10 30 0 0 0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction 195 15 175 0 0 15
211 Oil and gas extraction 0 0 0 0 0 0
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas) 155 10 140 0 0 10
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction 40 0 35 0 0 0
22 Utilities 930 10 890 25 0 20
221 Utilities 930 15 890 20 0 25
23 Construction 6,495 715 5,640 130 10 780
236 Construction of buildings 2,085 230 1,800 55 0 255
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction 610 25 590 0 0 25
238 Specialty trade contractors 3,800 460 3,255 85 0 500
31-33 Manufacturing 10,535 1,400 8,710 405 20 1,600
311 Food manufacturing 1,220 115 1,080 25 0 125
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing 355 35 315 15 0 40
313 Textile mills 35 15 25 0 0 15
314 Textile product mills 50 10 40 0 0 10
315 Clothing manufacturing 145 30 95 15 10 40
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing 10 0 0 0 0 0
321 Wood product manufacturing 370 30 345 0 0 25
322 Paper manufacturing 615 55 535 25 0 65
323 Printing and related support activities 550 80 460 10 0 85
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing 90 0 85 0 0 10
325 Chemical manufacturing 715 105 565 40 0 125
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing 640 80 540 15 0 90
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing 460 30 430 0 0 30
331 Primary metal manufacturing 315 40 240 25 0 55
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing 1,080 185 845 60 10 210
333 Machinery manufacturing 740 110 590 40 0 130
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing 435 70 330 35 0 85
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing 330 55 250 35 0 70
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing 1,440 240 1,170 30 0 255
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing 365 45 305 10 0 50
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing 565 90 465 15 0 95
41 Wholesale trade 4,715 730 3,815 170 0 815
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers 55 30 15 0 0 30
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers 65 10 50 10 0 10
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers 705 65 600 40 0 85
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers 740 160 550 25 0 170
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers 525 55 460 0 0 60
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers 935 110 795 30 0 125
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers 930 200 690 35 0 220
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers 615 65 535 20 0 70
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers 155 35 115 10 0 40
44-45 Retail trade 13,040 1,490 11,110 420 15 1,705
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers 1,770 200 1,530 45 0 225
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores 550 60 450 35 0 80
443 Electronics and appliance stores 280 45 225 0 0 50
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers 985 90 875 20 0 105
445 Food and beverage stores 3,335 280 2,955 95 10 325
446 Health and personal care stores 1,380 95 1,255 30 0 110
447 Gasoline stations 225 25 190 15 0 30
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores 1,395 245 1,075 65 15 275
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores 490 45 425 15 0 55
452 General merchandise stores 1,525 210 1,270 50 0 230
453 Miscellaneous store retailers 790 140 620 35 0 155
454 Non-store retailers 305 65 235 10 0 70
48-49 Transportation and warehousing 6,420 1,145 4,970 305 0 1,295
481 Air transportation 375 100 255 20 0 105
482 Rail transportation 485 110 370 10 0 115
483 Water transportation 115 35 80 0 0 35
484 Truck transportation 2,000 255 1,645 100 0 305
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation 1,410 65 1,250 90 0 115
486 Pipeline transportation 0 0 0 0 0 0
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation 15 0 10 0 0 0
488 Support activities for transportation 860 270 555 30 0 285
491 Postal service 500 65 420 10 0 70
492 Couriers and messengers 425 185 210 35 0 200
493 Warehousing and storage 230 55 170 0 0 60
51 Information and cultural industries 2,885 380 2,410 90 0 425
511 Publishing industries (except Internet) 545 60 475 10 0 65
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries 385 70 300 20 0 75
515 Broadcasting (except Internet) 280 25 260 0 0 20
517 Telecommunications 1,405 180 1,180 50 0 205
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services 60 15 40 0 0 20
519 Other information services 210 40 160 10 0 45
52 Finance and insurance 5,220 845 4,100 275 0 985
521 Monetary authorities - central bank 0 0 0 0 0 0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities 2,820 430 2,250 145 0 500
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities 640 115 470 55 0 145
524 Insurance carriers and related activities 1,720 300 1,345 75 0 340
526 Funds and other financial vehicles 25 0 20 0 0 0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing 1,580 290 1,215 80 0 325
531 Real estate 1,230 240 930 60 0 270
532 Rental and leasing services 345 45 280 15 0 55
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works) 10 0 0 0 0 0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services 6,670 990 5,295 380 0 1,180
541 Professional, scientific and technical services 6,670 990 5,300 380 0 1,185
55 Management of companies and enterprises 85 10 75 0 0 15
551 Management of companies and enterprises 90 10 75 10 0 10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services 4,160 650 3,300 195 15 750
561 Administrative and support services 3,760 625 2,930 195 10 720
562 Waste management and remediation services 405 35 370 10 0 30
61 Educational services 6,905 1,145 5,645 115 0 1,200
611 Educational services 6,910 1,145 5,645 115 0 1,205
62 Health care and social assistance 11,820 1,510 9,935 370 10 1,695
621 Ambulatory health care services 3,065 340 2,615 110 0 395
622 Hospitals 4,295 595 3,595 110 0 650
623 Nursing and residential care facilities 1,590 225 1,325 45 0 245
624 Social assistance 2,870 350 2,400 115 0 405
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation 2,190 300 1,825 50 10 330
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries 500 75 415 10 0 80
712 Heritage institutions 70 0 65 10 0 10
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries 1,620 220 1,350 45 10 245
72 Accommodation and food services 5,285 880 4,145 255 10 1,005
721 Accommodation services 470 105 320 35 0 125
722 Food services and drinking places 4,820 775 3,820 215 10 885
81 Other services (except public administration) 4,165 525 3,495 135 10 590
811 Repair and maintenance 1,565 210 1,270 85 0 250
812 Personal and laundry services 1,340 145 1,150 40 0 165
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations 1,060 110 945 10 0 115
814 Private households 200 55 140 10 10 60
91 Public administration 5,785 345 5,260 175 0 435
911 Federal government public administration 1,560 210 1,290 70 0 240
912 Provincial and territorial public administration 1,265 25 1,195 50 0 50
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration 2,925 90 2,775 60 10 115
914 Aboriginal public administration 20 20 0 0 0 20
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration 10 0 0 0 0 0
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 141 89,370 11,765 74,300 3,250 60 13,390
Worked at home 5,140 740 4,170 220 10 855
Worked outside Canada 195 40 140 20 0 50
No fixed workplace address 8,030 1,085 6,605 335 10 1,255
Worked at usual place 76,005 9,895 63,385 2,680 45 11,230
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataFootnote 142 99,740 13,445 82,575 3,620 95 15,255
English 11,790 7,205 4,015 560 10 7,485
French 77,705 3,945 72,005 1,725 25 4,810
Non-official language 220 70 60 30 60 85
Aboriginal 0 0 0 0 0 0
Non-Aboriginal 220 75 65 30 60 85
English and French 9,560 2,115 6,265 1,170 0 2,705
English and non-official language 100 80 10 15 0 90
French and non-official language 125 10 95 20 0 15
English, French and non-official language 240 25 120 95 0 70
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample DataFootnote 143 99,735 13,445 82,580 3,615 95 15,255
None 57,430 6,140 49,385 1,830 80 7,060
English 33,615 3,180 29,315 1,110 15 3,730
French 7,665 3,925 3,355 385 0 4,115
Non-official language 630 120 310 200 10 220
Aboriginal 15 10 0 0 0 15
Non-Aboriginal 615 110 310 195 0 205
English and French 10 0 0 0 0 0
English and non-official language 290 15 205 70 0 45
French and non-official language 100 65 15 25 0 75
English, French and non-official language 0 0 0 0 0 0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data 76,005 9,890 63,385 2,680 45 11,235
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence 12,160 1,570 10,255 335 10 1,735
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence 13,650 1,010 12,380 260 10 1,140
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence 50,060 7,285 40,655 2,085 35 8,325
Commute to a different province or territory 130 30 95 10 0 30
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataFootnote 144 84,035 10,980 69,995 3,010 50 12,485
Car, truck, van - as a driver 68,360 8,260 57,945 2,140 20 9,330
Car, truck, van - as a passenger 3,010 585 2,330 85 15 625
Public transit 9,735 1,820 7,185 715 0 2,180
Walked 1,915 175 1,670 60 10 205
Bicycle 425 55 360 15 0 60
Other method 600 85 495 10 10 85
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataFootnote 145 84,035 10,975 69,990 3,010 50 12,480
Less than 15 minutes 18,990 1,905 16,660 410 15 2,110
15 to 29 minutes 23,570 2,535 20,380 645 10 2,855
30 to 44 minutes 21,100 2,940 17,430 725 10 3,300
45 to 59 minutes 10,985 1,785 8,680 510 10 2,040
60 minutes and over 9,385 1,815 6,835 720 10 2,175
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataFootnote 146 84,035 10,980 69,990 3,015 50 12,485
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m. 8,220 945 7,090 185 0 1,035
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m. 18,190 2,325 15,305 535 20 2,595
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m. 24,795 3,130 20,620 1,040 10 3,650
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m. 13,140 1,715 10,925 490 0 1,965
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m. 7,160 1,085 5,715 355 10 1,265
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m. 12,530 1,775 10,335 410 10 1,980
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataFootnote 147 168,020 24,020 137,845 5,550 605 26,790
Non-movers 153,080 22,000 125,710 4,910 460 24,460
Movers 14,940 2,015 12,135 640 150 2,340
Non-migrants 5,610 875 4,550 170 20 960
Migrants 9,325 1,140 7,585 475 130 1,375
Internal migrants 8,845 1,020 7,300 445 85 1,240
Intraprovincial migrants 8,695 940 7,230 440 85 1,160
Interprovincial migrants 155 75 70 10 0 75
External migrants 480 125 285 30 45 140
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataFootnote 148 159,860 23,025 131,100 5,330 405 25,690
Non-movers 109,775 16,360 90,375 2,870 170 17,795
Movers 50,085 6,665 40,730 2,460 230 7,895
Non-migrants 19,305 2,980 15,655 615 45 3,290
Migrants 30,780 3,685 25,070 1,850 180 4,605
Internal migrants 28,790 3,330 23,885 1,490 90 4,075
Intraprovincial migrants 28,220 3,075 23,595 1,455 90 3,810
Interprovincial migrants 570 250 285 30 0 265
External migrants 1,990 350 1,190 360 90 535

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

..

Symbol ...

not applicable

...

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

x

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

F

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

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Footnote 3

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

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Footnote 4

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 6

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 19 referrer

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

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Footnote 20

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 22

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 23

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 24

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 25

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 26

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 28

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 29

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 30

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 31

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 33

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 34

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 35

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 36

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 37

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 39

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 40

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 41

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 42

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 43

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 44

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 45

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 45 referrer

Footnote 46

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 47

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 48

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 49

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 50

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 51

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 52

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 53

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 54

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 55

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 56

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 57

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 59

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 60

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 62

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 63

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 64

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 65

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 66

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 67

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 68

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 69

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 70

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 71

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 73

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 74

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 75

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 76

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 77

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 78

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 79

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 80

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 81

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 82

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 83

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 84

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 85

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 86

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 87

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 88

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 89

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 90

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 91

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 94

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 96

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 97

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 98

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 99

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 100

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 101

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 102

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 103

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 105

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 107

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 108

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 109

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 110

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 112

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 116

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 117

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 118

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 119

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 120

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 121

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 122

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 123

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 124

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 125

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 127

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 128

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 129

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 130

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 131

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 132

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 133

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 134

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 135

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 136

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 137

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 138

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 139

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

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Footnote 140

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

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Footnote 141

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 142

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 143

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 144

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 145

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 146

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 147

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 148

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016352.

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