Data tables, 2016 Census

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981), Mother Tongue (4), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

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Age (8B)

Sex (3)

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , mother tongue , age and sex for the population in private households in Perth
Data quality
Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981)	Mother tongue (4)
	Total - Mother tongue^Footnote 1	English	French	English and French
Population in private households - 25% sample data	75,175	67,175	385	35
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	75,175	67,175	385	40
0 to 14 years	13,750	12,180	40	15
0 to 4 years	4,395	3,760	10	10
5 to 9 years	4,660	4,155	15	10
10 to 14 years	4,690	4,270	15	10
15 to 64 years	48,465	43,850	240	20
15 to 19 years	4,710	4,275	0	10
20 to 24 years	4,775	4,320	0	10
25 to 29 years	4,335	3,840	20	0
30 to 34 years	4,325	3,905	25	10
35 to 39 years	4,300	3,855	25	0
40 to 44 years	4,400	3,985	20	0
45 to 49 years	4,650	4,210	25	10
50 to 54 years	5,775	5,230	40	0
55 to 59 years	5,850	5,325	35	10
60 to 64 years	5,345	4,915	50	0
65 years and over	12,965	11,140	100	0
65 to 69 years	4,255	3,800	40	0
70 to 74 years	3,210	2,780	10	0
75 to 79 years	2,440	2,040	15	0
80 to 84 years	1,590	1,265	15	0
85 years and over	1,470	1,255	10	0
85 to 89 years	1,065	915	10	0
90 to 94 years	335	280	0	0
95 to 99 years	75	60	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0
Average age	40.8	40.7	50.3	22.6
Median age	41.5	41.5	53.9	17.4
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 2}	61,425	54,995	345	20
Married or living common law	37,980	33,395	225	0
Married	32,455	28,130	190	0
Living common law	5,520	5,260	35	0
Not married and not living common law	23,445	21,600	115	20
Never married	15,115	14,020	35	10
Separated	1,820	1,685	20	10
Divorced	3,210	3,035	25	0
Widowed	3,305	2,860	30	0
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 3}	61,425	54,990	340	20
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	59,990	53,780	340	20
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,635	44,384	45,430	0
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,686	36,558	35,553	0
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	60,005	53,795	335	20
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,956	37,515	38,343	0
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,186	32,781	33,538	0
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	56,150	50,485	300	25
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,796	41,581	41,795	0
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,434	33,512	27,073	0
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	41,900	37,345	260	20
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,807	7,707	10,761	0
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,803	5,603	10,401	0
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	46,960	42,530	240	20
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,078	39,673	41,510	0
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,693	33,688	28,505	0
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^{Footnote 4}	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
Market income (%)^{Footnote 5}	87.5	87.9	82.4	0.0
Employment income (%)^{Footnote 6}	70.1	70.7	65.8	0.0
Government transfers (%)^{Footnote 7}	12.5	12.1	18.5	0.0
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 8}	61,425	54,995	340	20
Without total income	1,435	1,210	10	0
With total income	59,990	53,780	340	20
Percentage with total income	97.7	97.8	100.0	100.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	6,410	5,630	25	too unreliable to be published F
$10,000 to $19,999	10,085	8,700	75	too unreliable to be published F
$20,000 to $29,999	8,995	7,875	60	too unreliable to be published F
$30,000 to $39,999	8,000	7,260	25	too unreliable to be published F
$40,000 to $49,999	7,320	6,665	40	too unreliable to be published F
$50,000 to $59,999	5,720	5,190	25	too unreliable to be published F
$60,000 to $69,999	4,055	3,745	20	too unreliable to be published F
$70,000 to $79,999	2,715	2,500	20	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 to $89,999	1,785	1,665	10	too unreliable to be published F
$90,000 to $99,999	1,620	1,525	10	too unreliable to be published F
$100,000 and over	3,285	3,025	30	too unreliable to be published F
$100,000 to $149,999	2,355	2,160	20	too unreliable to be published F
$150,000 and over	930	860	10	too unreliable to be published F
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 9}	61,425	54,990	345	25
Without after-tax income	1,425	1,195	0	0
With after-tax income	60,000	53,800	340	25
Percentage with after-tax income	97.7	97.8	98.6	100.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	6,715	5,905	25	too unreliable to be published F
$10,000 to $19,999	10,545	9,120	75	too unreliable to be published F
$20,000 to $29,999	10,550	9,305	60	too unreliable to be published F
$30,000 to $39,999	9,870	8,930	40	too unreliable to be published F
$40,000 to $49,999	8,210	7,530	45	too unreliable to be published F
$50,000 to $59,999	5,360	4,900	30	too unreliable to be published F
$60,000 to $69,999	3,175	2,925	10	too unreliable to be published F
$70,000 to $79,999	2,230	2,070	20	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 and over	3,360	3,110	30	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 to $89,999	1,310	1,225	15	too unreliable to be published F
$90,000 to $99,999	650	595	10	too unreliable to be published F
$100,000 and over	1,400	1,290	10	too unreliable to be published F
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 10}	61,425	54,990	340	20
Without employment income	14,465	12,460	100	0
With employment income	46,965	42,530	245	20
Percentage with employment income	76.5	77.3	72.1	100.0
Under $5,000 (including loss)	6,125	5,485	40	too unreliable to be published F
$5,000 to $9,999	4,130	3,725	15	too unreliable to be published F
$10,000 to $19,999	6,470	5,530	25	too unreliable to be published F
$20,000 to $29,999	5,330	4,800	45	too unreliable to be published F
$30,000 to $39,999	5,435	5,040	10	too unreliable to be published F
$40,000 to $49,999	5,245	4,770	10	too unreliable to be published F
$50,000 to $59,999	4,240	3,925	20	too unreliable to be published F
$60,000 to $69,999	2,965	2,725	20	too unreliable to be published F
$70,000 to $79,999	2,020	1,885	20	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 and over	5,010	4,655	35	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 to $89,999	1,445	1,335	10	too unreliable to be published F
$90,000 to $99,999	1,410	1,325	10	too unreliable to be published F
$100,000 and over	2,145	1,995	15	too unreliable to be published F
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 11}	61,430	54,990	340	20
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 12}	24,990	22,655	165	0
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Footnote 13}	47,566	48,337	51,633	0
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Footnote 14}	53,319	54,407	51,955	0
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 15}	75,175	67,175	380	40
English only	71,585	64,730	45	10
French only	0	0	0	0
English and French	2,985	2,435	335	30
Neither English nor French	605	10	0	0
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 16}	75,180	67,175	385	40
English	70,740	66,770	300	35
French	90	15	75	0
Non-official language	3,175	80	10	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	3,175	85	10	0
English and French	20	15	0	0
English and non-official language	1,120	260	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	25	30	0	0
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 17}	75,175	67,175	385	40
None	71,300	66,400	235	25
English	1,370	40	40	0
French	280	175	80	10
Non-official language	2,165	550	10	10
Aboriginal	0	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	2,160	545	10	10
English and French	10	0	0	0
English and non-official language	15	0	10	0
French and non-official language	45	15	15	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - First official language spoken for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 18}	75,175	67,175	385	35
English	74,195	67,175	50	35
French	335	0	335	0
English and French	50	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	595	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Footnote 19}	360	0	335	0
Official language minority (percentage)^{Footnote 20}	0.5	0.0	87.0	0.0
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 21}	75,175	67,175	380	35
Official languages	74,570	67,170	380	35
English	74,570	67,170	385	40
French	2,985	2,435	335	25
Non-official languages	9,245	2,050	65	10
Aboriginal languages	10	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	9,240	2,040	65	0
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 22}	75,175	67,175	380	35
Aboriginal identity^{Footnote 23}	1,025	995	25	0
Single Aboriginal responses^{Footnote 24}	1,010	975	25	0
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Footnote 25}	740	730	0	0
Métis	265	245	15	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Footnote 26}	15	15	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Footnote 27}	10	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	74,150	66,180	360	35
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 28}	75,175	67,175	380	40
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Footnote 29}	345	340	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	74,830	66,840	375	35
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 30}	75,175	67,175	385	40
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Footnote 31}	150	145	0	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Footnote 32}	140	135	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Footnote 33}	105	105	0	0
Métis single ancestry	30	30	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Footnote 34}	10	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	15	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Footnote 35}	1,695	1,665	25	0
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Footnote 36}	1,665	1,640	20	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,395	1,375	10	0
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	265	255	15	0
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Footnote 37}	25	25	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	25	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Footnote 38}	73,335	65,365	355	35
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 39}	75,175	67,175	385	35
Canadian citizens^{Footnote 40}	73,670	66,520	375	35
Canadian citizens only	72,395	65,715	370	35
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	1,280	805	10	0
Not Canadian citizens^{Footnote 41}	1,505	655	10	0
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 42}	75,175	67,175	385	35
Non-immigrants^{Footnote 43}	68,285	64,275	345	40
Immigrants^{Footnote 44}	6,675	2,845	40	0
Before 1981	3,585	1,910	10	0
1981 to 1990	755	240	20	0
1991 to 2000	965	270	10	0
2001 to 2010	820	320	0	0
2001 to 2005	465	135	0	0
2006 to 2010	355	185	0	0
2011 to 2016^{Footnote 45}	550	115	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Footnote 46}	215	60	0	0
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 47}	6,675	2,840	40	0
Under 5 years	1,095	650	0	0
5 to 14 years	1,375	585	10	0
15 to 24 years	1,715	645	10	0
25 to 44 years	2,235	840	20	0
45 years and over	260	125	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 48}	6,670	2,840	35	0
Americas	1,575	780	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0
Colombia	20	10	0	0
El Salvador	20	0	0	0
Guyana	25	25	0	0
Haiti	10	10	0	0
Jamaica	70	65	0	0
Mexico	620	30	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	65	65	0	0
United States^{Footnote 49}	545	510	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	200	75	0	0
Europe	3,910	1,780	35	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0
Croatia	15	0	0	0
France	20	0	15	0
Germany	365	70	0	0
Greece	75	0	0	0
Hungary	30	0	0	0
Ireland^{Footnote 50}	80	80	0	0
Italy	130	15	0	0
Netherlands	1,070	165	0	0
Poland	95	15	0	0
Portugal	130	10	0	0
Romania	20	0	10	0
Russian Federation	20	10	0	0
Serbia^{Footnote 51}	50	0	0	0
Ukraine	15	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Footnote 52}	1,355	1,340	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	435	60	15	0
Africa	150	55	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Egypt	20	0	0	0
Ethiopia	10	0	0	0
Kenya	10	10	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	15	10	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	35	20	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	65	15	0	0
Asia	995	195	10	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	15	0	0	0
China^{Footnote 53}	110	30	0	0
Hong Kong^{Footnote 54}	15	0	0	0
India	300	65	0	0
Iran^{Footnote 55}	20	0	0	0
Iraq	10	10	0	0
Japan	55	10	0	0
Korea, South^{Footnote 56}	50	15	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	35	0	0	0
Philippines	150	35	0	0
Sri Lanka	10	10	0	0
Syria^{Footnote 57}	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	25	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	185	30	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Footnote 58}	35	35	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 59}	550	115	10	0
Americas	280	65	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0
Colombia	10	0	0	0
Cuba	20	0	0	0
Haiti	10	10	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0
Mexico	165	0	0	0
United States^{Footnote 60}	55	50	0	0
Venezuela^{Footnote 61}	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	15	0	0	0
Europe	35	15	0	0
France	10	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Footnote 62}	10	0	0	0
Moldova^{Footnote 63}	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Footnote 64}	15	15	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	0	0
Africa	30	10	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	15	10	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	0	0
Asia	200	15	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0
China^{Footnote 65}	10	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Footnote 66}	0	0	0	0
India	75	15	0	0
Iran^{Footnote 67}	10	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0
Japan	15	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Footnote 68}	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0
Philippines	55	10	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Footnote 69}	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	20	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Footnote 70}	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Footnote 71}	0	0	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 72}	75,175	67,175	380	35
First generation^{Footnote 73}	7,215	3,110	35	0
Second generation^{Footnote 74}	10,990	9,525	30	0
Third generation or more^{Footnote 75}	56,970	54,540	310	35
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 76}	3,175	985	30	0
Economic immigrants^{Footnote 77}	1,370	395	25	0
Principal applicants^{Footnote 78}	590	165	10	0
Secondary applicants^{Footnote 79}	780	225	15	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Footnote 80}	1,275	500	0	0
Refugees^{Footnote 81}	475	85	0	0
Other immigrants^{Footnote 82}	55	10	0	0
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 83}	75,175	67,175	380	35
Total visible minority population^{Footnote 84}	2,695	1,340	10	0
South Asian^{Footnote 85}	565	205	0	0
Chinese	205	95	0	0
Black	550	465	10	0
Filipino	205	90	0	0
Latin American	325	75	0	0
Arab	75	15	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Footnote 86}	350	150	0	0
West Asian^{Footnote 87}	35	0	0	0
Korean	80	30	0	0
Japanese	135	55	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Footnote 88}	125	115	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Footnote 89}	45	35	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Footnote 90}	72,480	65,835	375	35
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 91}	75,175	67,175	385	40
North American Aboriginal origins	1,845	1,810	30	0
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,540	1,520	20	0
Inuit	0	10	0	0
Métis	340	320	15	0
Other North American origins	24,910	23,100	160	20
Acadian	50	40	10	0
American	755	705	0	0
Canadian	24,350	22,555	150	20
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	70	70	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0
Québécois	10	15	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 92}	0	0	0	0
European origins	59,935	54,710	285	30
British Isles origins	40,650	40,505	65	25
Channel Islander	10	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0
English	23,695	23,635	25	10
Irish	17,540	17,455	35	20
Manx	0	10	0	0
Scottish	19,540	19,495	15	15
Welsh	1,435	1,435	10	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 93}	1,820	1,815	0	0
French origins	6,135	5,650	250	15
Alsatian	45	35	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0
French	6,100	5,630	245	15
Western European origins (except French origins)	30,485	26,905	55	10
Austrian	330	295	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0
Belgian	605	535	0	0
Dutch	8,470	7,205	0	0
Flemish	130	95	0	0
Frisian	60	40	0	0
German	21,880	20,005	35	10
Luxembourger	20	10	0	0
Swiss	2,450	1,710	10	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 94}	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,255	1,225	0	0
Danish	340	325	10	0
Finnish	205	205	0	0
Icelandic	50	50	0	0
Norwegian	325	325	0	0
Swedish	365	355	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 95}	30	30	0	0
Eastern European origins	4,105	3,345	25	0
Bulgarian	10	10	0	0
Byelorussian	15	10	0	0
Czech	155	135	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Footnote 96}	40	35	0	0
Estonian	15	10	0	0
Hungarian	455	335	0	0
Latvian	90	80	0	0
Lithuanian	60	55	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0
Polish	1,555	1,385	0	0
Romanian	205	170	10	0
Russian	875	565	10	0
Slovak	120	95	0	0
Ukrainian	920	820	0	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 97}	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	3,485	2,660	25	0
Albanian	20	15	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0
Croatian	80	70	0	0
Cypriot	15	20	0	0
Greek	270	160	0	0
Italian	1,800	1,500	15	0
Kosovar	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	10	0	0
Maltese	95	85	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	530	370	0	0
Serbian	90	65	0	0
Sicilian	60	60	0	0
Slovenian	75	50	0	0
Spanish	415	260	10	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Footnote 98}	95	70	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 99}	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	320	280	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0
Jewish	65	50	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	10	10	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Footnote 100}	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 101}	255	230	0	0
Caribbean origins	520	460	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	40	45	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0
Carib	10	0	0	0
Cuban	20	0	0	0
Dominican	15	10	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	10	0	0
Jamaican	315	290	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	10	10	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	75	70	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Footnote 102}	20	20	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 103}	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	1,045	510	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	55	45	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	10	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	35	30	0	0
Chilean	10	10	0	0
Colombian	40	15	0	0
Costa Rican	15	10	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	105	50	0	0
Guyanese	40	35	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0
Maya	10	10	0	0
Mexican	670	255	0	0
Nicaraguan	30	20	0	0
Panamanian	10	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	10	10	0	0
Salvadorean	40	30	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 104}	0	0	0	0
African origins	390	275	0	0
Central and West African origins	30	20	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0
Congolese	10	0	10	0
Edo	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	10	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	10	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	10	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 105}	20	15	0	0
North African origins	35	10	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	30	10	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	10	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 106}	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	140	75	0	0
Afrikaner	20	15	0	0
Amhara	10	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Footnote 107}	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	10	0	0	0
Ethiopian	10	10	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	10	0	0
South African	50	40	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	15	0	0	0
Zambian	10	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 108}	0	10	0	0
Other African origins	190	180	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Footnote 109}	20	20	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 110}	165	150	0	0
Asian origins	1,900	865	10	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	220	130	15	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Footnote 111}	0	0	0	0
Armenian	20	20	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0
Iranian	50	15	10	0
Iraqi	10	10	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	20	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	55	50	10	0
Palestinian	15	10	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0
Syrian	25	10	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0
Turk	30	20	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0
Uighur	10	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 112}	10	0	0	0
South Asian origins	625	270	0	0
Bangladeshi	20	0	0	0
Bengali	10	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0
East Indian	535	240	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	40	0	0	0
Punjabi	40	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	15	10	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 113}	15	10	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,080	515	0	0
Burmese	25	20	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	10	10	0	0
Chinese	340	185	0	0
Filipino	230	105	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0
Japanese	165	75	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0
Korean	90	30	0	0
Laotian	220	90	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0
Thai	60	40	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	55	20	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 114}	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	30	15	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 115}	30	10	0	0
Oceania origins	110	105	0	0
Australian	85	90	0	0
New Zealander	20	20	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Footnote 116}	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 117}	0	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 118}	61,425	54,990	345	25
No certificate, diploma or degree	14,660	11,885	65	10
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Footnote 119}	18,980	17,845	105	0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	27,780	25,260	175	10
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	4,720	4,235	25	0
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Footnote 120}	1,730	1,495	10	0
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Footnote 121}	2,990	2,735	15	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	13,650	12,710	90	0
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,065	890	10	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	8,350	7,420	65	10
Bachelor's degree	5,845	5,205	35	10
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	605	560	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	305	265	0	0
Master's degree	1,415	1,235	15	0
Earned doctorate^{Footnote 122}	175	155	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 123}	61,425	54,990	345	20
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 124}	33,645	29,730	165	10
Education	1,970	1,830	10	0
13. Education	1,965	1,830	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,385	1,295	10	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	205	195	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,180	1,100	15	0
Humanities	1,525	1,375	10	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	100	70	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	385	340	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	280	270	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Footnote 125}	20	20	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	120	110	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	260	220	0	0
54. History	270	260	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	95	80	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,920	2,680	0	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	30	35	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	225	210	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	940	840	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	350	335	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Footnote 126}	90	90	0	0
42. Psychology	485	450	0	0
45. Social sciences	790	720	0	0
Business, management and public administration	4,290	3,920	55	0
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	460	425	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,820	3,490	50	0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	570	515	0	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	210	190	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	135	110	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Footnote 127}	15	10	0	0
40. Physical sciences	125	105	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	95	90	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	665	590	10	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	425	370	0	0
25. Library science	75	65	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	140	135	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Footnote 128}	20	15	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	5,895	5,350	15	0
04. Architecture and related services	205	160	0	0
14. Engineering	535	380	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,000	940	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,395	1,325	10	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,630	1,530	0	0
48. Precision production	1,140	1,005	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,575	1,300	15	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	1,415	1,145	15	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	165	160	0	0
Health and related fields	4,845	4,430	25	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	380	370	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	4,370	3,985	25	0
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	95	80	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,100	1,930	20	0
12. Personal and culinary services	1,180	1,065	20	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	25	15	0	0
43. Security and protective services	555	540	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	340	305	0	0
Other	40	45	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	40	45	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 129}	61,425	54,990	340	20
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	33,640	29,735	170	10
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 130}	27,785	25,265	180	0
Location of study inside Canada	25,410	24,030	155	0
Same as province or territory of residence	24,350	23,060	125	10
Different than province or territory of residence	1,055	970	30	0
Location of study outside Canada^{Footnote 131}	2,380	1,230	25	0
United States^{Footnote 132}	660	585	10	0
Philippines	115	20	0	0
India	145	20	0	0
United Kingdom^{Footnote 133}	455	435	0	0
China^{Footnote 134}	40	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0
Other	970	175	20	0
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Footnote 135}	61,425	54,990	340	20
In the labour force	42,875	38,850	215	15
Employed	41,145	37,285	205	10
Unemployed	1,735	1,565	10	0
Not in the labour force	18,550	16,145	130	0
Participation rate	69.8	70.6	63.2	75.0
Employment rate	67.0	67.8	60.3	50.0
Unemployment rate	4.0	4.0	4.7	0.0
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Footnote 136}	61,425	54,990	345	20
Did not work^{Footnote 137}	16,440	14,245	110	0
Worked	44,985	40,745	235	20
Worked full year, full time^{Footnote 138}	25,555	23,120	165	10
Worked part year and/or part time^{Footnote 139}	19,430	17,625	65	15
Average weeks worked in reference year	44.5	44.4	46.7	33.4
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 140}	45,905	41,535	235	20
a.Management	5,370	4,630	30	0
00 Senior management occupations	360	325	0	0
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	925	885	0	0
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	1,315	1,175	10	0
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	2,775	2,250	15	0
b.Professional	5,410	4,965	40	0
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	905	840	0	0
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	730	615	0	10
30 Professional occupations in nursing	645	585	10	0
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	515	465	0	0
40 Professional occupations in education services	1,345	1,265	15	0
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	705	655	0	0
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	570	540	0	0
c.Technical and paraprofessional	3,435	3,220	20	0
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	1,030	965	0	0
32 Technical occupations in health	700	650	10	0
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	730	700	0	0
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	215	215	0	0
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	755	690	10	0
d.Administration and administrative support	4,810	4,515	35	0
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	1,720	1,610	15	0
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	510	460	0	0
14 Office support occupations	1,695	1,605	10	0
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	885	840	10	0
e.Sales	3,970	3,730	25	0
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	815	745	0	0
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade	1,795	1,710	10	0
66 Sales support occupations	1,355	1,270	10	0
f.Personal and customer information services	7,220	6,530	45	0
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	840	775	0	0
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	895	785	0	0
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	1,365	1,195	25	0
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	1,475	1,380	20	0
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	2,640	2,395	0	0
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades	4,400	3,970	10	0
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	2,840	2,510	15	0
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	1,555	1,455	0	0
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction	3,785	3,540	15	0
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	845	780	0	0
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	2,190	2,070	10	0
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	755	695	10	0
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	2,295	1,760	10	0
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	170	150	0	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	1,650	1,155	0	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	475	450	0	0
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	5,210	4,675	20	0
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	505	465	0	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	1,225	1,060	10	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	2,145	1,925	10	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	1,340	1,230	0	0
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 141}	45,905	41,535	235	20
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	4,310	3,150	30	0
111 - 112 Farms^{Footnote 142}	4,175	3,035	30	0
113 Forestry and logging	30	25	0	0
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping	10	0	0	0
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry	100	90	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	95	85	0	0
211 Oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas)	70	65	0	0
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction	25	20	0	0
22 Utilities	145	140	0	0
221 Utilities	150	140	0	0
23 Construction	3,710	3,460	10	0
236 Construction of buildings	870	825	0	0
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction	385	375	0	0
238 Specialty trade contractors	2,450	2,260	15	0
31-33 Manufacturing	8,435	7,510	30	0
311 Food manufacturing	1,285	1,185	10	0
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	30	30	0	0
313 Textile mills	215	200	0	0
314 Textile product mills	35	25	0	0
315 Clothing manufacturing	15	10	0	0
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing	15	15	0	0
321 Wood product manufacturing	115	70	0	0
322 Paper manufacturing	135	140	0	0
323 Printing and related support activities	90	75	0	0
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing	0	10	0	0
325 Chemical manufacturing	180	170	0	0
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	1,065	995	0	0
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing	265	255	10	0
331 Primary metal manufacturing	115	110	0	0
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing	1,170	1,025	10	0
333 Machinery manufacturing	605	450	0	0
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing	15	15	0	0
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing	120	115	0	0
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing	2,570	2,305	0	0
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing	205	160	0	0
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing	180	165	0	0
41 Wholesale trade	1,975	1,855	0	0
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers	105	100	0	0
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers	55	50	10	0
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers	155	140	0	0
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers	50	45	0	0
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers	200	190	0	0
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers	385	355	0	0
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	645	615	0	0
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers	330	315	0	0
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers	40	40	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	4,785	4,445	30	0
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers	740	720	0	0
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores	120	105	0	0
443 Electronics and appliance stores	130	120	0	0
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	450	440	0	0
445 Food and beverage stores	1,255	1,140	10	0
446 Health and personal care stores	335	305	10	0
447 Gasoline stations	120	110	0	0
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores	335	315	0	0
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores	250	225	10	0
452 General merchandise stores	535	500	0	0
453 Miscellaneous store retailers	380	350	0	0
454 Non-store retailers	145	125	0	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,715	1,605	0	0
481 Air transportation	25	20	0	0
482 Rail transportation	25	20	0	0
483 Water transportation	10	0	0	0
484 Truck transportation	810	740	0	0
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation	400	385	0	0
486 Pipeline transportation	0	0	0	0
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation	0	0	0	0
488 Support activities for transportation	115	115	0	0
491 Postal service	100	95	0	0
492 Couriers and messengers	130	125	0	0
493 Warehousing and storage	110	110	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	480	465	0	0
511 Publishing industries (except Internet)	135	130	0	0
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries	60	60	0	0
515 Broadcasting (except Internet)	15	15	0	0
517 Telecommunications	125	120	0	0
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services	10	10	0	0
519 Other information services	130	130	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	1,745	1,615	10	0
521 Monetary authorities - central bank	0	0	0	0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities	1,030	950	10	0
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities	150	140	0	0
524 Insurance carriers and related activities	565	525	0	0
526 Funds and other financial vehicles	0	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	525	495	0	0
531 Real estate	430	400	0	0
532 Rental and leasing services	95	90	0	0
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	10	10	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,855	1,740	15	0
541 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,855	1,740	10	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	40	40	0	0
551 Management of companies and enterprises	35	40	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,595	1,490	10	0
561 Administrative and support services	1,515	1,415	0	0
562 Waste management and remediation services	80	75	0	0
61 Educational services	2,405	2,270	15	0
611 Educational services	2,405	2,270	20	10
62 Health care and social assistance	4,775	4,440	25	0
621 Ambulatory health care services	1,315	1,225	10	0
622 Hospitals	1,080	1,020	0	0
623 Nursing and residential care facilities	1,530	1,405	10	0
624 Social assistance	845	785	0	0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,300	1,230	15	10
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries	870	825	10	0
712 Heritage institutions	40	40	0	0
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries	390	365	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	2,780	2,580	25	0
721 Accommodation services	450	420	10	0
722 Food services and drinking places	2,330	2,160	15	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,980	1,735	0	0
811 Repair and maintenance	795	695	10	0
812 Personal and laundry services	560	500	0	0
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations	485	445	0	0
814 Private households	145	95	0	0
91 Public administration	1,250	1,185	10	0
911 Federal government public administration	220	200	0	0
912 Provincial and territorial public administration	205	185	0	0
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration	820	790	10	0
914 Aboriginal public administration	0	0	0	0
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration	0	0	0	0
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 143}	41,145	37,285	205	15
Worked at home	5,060	3,920	30	0
Worked outside Canada	110	90	0	0
No fixed workplace address	3,925	3,580	25	0
Worked at usual place	32,050	29,695	150	10
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 144}	45,905	41,535	240	20
English	45,210	41,405	225	15
French	50	45	10	0
Non-official language	455	20	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	460	20	0	0
English and French	70	50	0	0
English and non-official language	105	10	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	10	0	0
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 145}	45,905	41,535	240	20
None	44,855	41,225	200	20
English	270	35	0	0
French	190	155	25	0
Non-official language	555	100	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	555	100	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	10	10	0	0
French and non-official language	25	20	10	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	32,050	29,690	155	10
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	18,510	17,090	100	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	6,745	6,400	10	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	6,755	6,170	35	0
Commute to a different province or territory	40	35	10	0
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Footnote 146}	35,975	33,275	175	10
Car, truck, van - as a driver	29,220	27,095	155	10
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	2,680	2,420	0	0
Public transit	400	375	0	0
Walked	2,610	2,405	10	10
Bicycle	665	620	10	0
Other method	400	355	0	0
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Footnote 147}	35,975	33,270	175	15
Less than 15 minutes	18,670	17,360	80	0
15 to 29 minutes	9,280	8,475	55	0
30 to 44 minutes	4,310	4,020	10	0
45 to 59 minutes	2,175	2,015	15	10
60 minutes and over	1,540	1,410	15	0
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Footnote 148}	35,970	33,275	175	15
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	2,785	2,430	15	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	7,330	6,750	30	10
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	8,675	8,050	40	0
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	7,305	6,855	45	0
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	3,230	2,975	20	0
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	6,650	6,205	25	0
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Footnote 149}	74,350	66,485	375	35
Non-movers	66,450	59,475	320	20
Movers	7,905	7,005	55	15
Non-migrants	4,045	3,835	15	10
Migrants	3,855	3,175	45	15
Internal migrants	3,565	3,050	45	15
Intraprovincial migrants	3,335	2,855	40	10
Interprovincial migrants	230	190	10	0
External migrants	285	120	0	0
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Footnote 150}	70,775	63,415	370	35
Non-movers	47,885	42,865	225	15
Movers	22,895	20,550	150	15
Non-migrants	11,740	11,040	70	10
Migrants	11,155	9,510	75	0
Internal migrants	10,445	9,205	75	0
Intraprovincial migrants	9,780	8,650	55	10
Interprovincial migrants	660	555	25	0
External migrants	710	310	0	0

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

...

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

Language groups are defined as follows: 'English' includes respondents who reported English only or English and one non-official language; 'French' includes respondents who reported French only or French and one non-official language; 'English and French' includes respondents who reported English and French, with or without one non-official language.

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The 'Total - Mother tongue' category includes all groups mentioned in note 1 as well as respondents who reported a non-official language as their only mother tongue.

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Footnote 2

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

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Footnote 3

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

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Footnote 4

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 5

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 6

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 7

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 8

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Footnote 9

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 10

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Footnote 11

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Footnote 12

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

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Footnote 14

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

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Footnote 15

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 16

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

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Footnote 20

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Footnote 21

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 21 referrer

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

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Footnote 22

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 23

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 24

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 25

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 26

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 27

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 28

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 30

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 31

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 32

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 33

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 34

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 35

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 36

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 37

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 38

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 39

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 40

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 41

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 42

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 43

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 44

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 45

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 47

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 47 referrer

Footnote 48

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 50

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 51

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 52

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 53

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 54

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 55

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 56

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 57

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 58

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 59

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 60

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 62

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 64

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Footnote 65

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 66

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 67

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 68

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 69

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 70

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 71

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 72

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 74

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 75

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 76

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 77

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 78

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 79

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 80

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 81

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 82

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 83

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 84

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 85

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 86

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 87

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 88

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 89

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 90

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 91

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 94

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 96

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 97

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 98

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 99

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 100

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 101

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 102

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 103

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 107

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 108

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 109

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 110

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 111

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 112

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 114

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 116

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 118

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 119

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 120

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 121

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 122

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 123

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 124

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 125

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 127

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 128

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 129

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 130

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 131

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 132

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 133

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Footnote 134

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 135

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 136

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 137

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 138

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 139

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 140

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 141

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

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Footnote 142

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

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Footnote 143

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 144

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 145

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 146

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 147

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 148

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 149

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 150

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016354.

Date modified:: 2019-06-17

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Data tables, 2016 Census

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981), Mother Tongue (4), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

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