Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984), First Official Language Spoken (6), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

• Age (8B): Total - Age
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , first official language spoken , age and sex for the population in private households in Montcalm

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984)	First official language spoken (6)
	Total - First official language spoken	English	French	English and French	Neither English nor French	Official language minority (number)^Footnote 1
Population in private households - 25% sample data	52,035	835	51,005	160	30	915
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	52,035	835	51,010	160	30	915
0 to 14 years	9,795	70	9,675	45	10	95
0 to 4 years	3,590	25	3,560	10	10	25
5 to 9 years	3,430	20	3,365	35	10	35
10 to 14 years	2,780	25	2,745	10	0	30
15 to 64 years	35,025	620	34,295	95	15	665
15 to 19 years	2,635	15	2,610	10	0	20
20 to 24 years	2,960	30	2,910	20	0	40
25 to 29 years	3,610	30	3,570	10	0	35
30 to 34 years	3,555	70	3,480	0	0	75
35 to 39 years	3,605	60	3,520	20	15	65
40 to 44 years	3,065	55	3,000	10	0	60
45 to 49 years	3,430	70	3,360	10	0	70
50 to 54 years	4,435	125	4,300	0	0	130
55 to 59 years	4,250	85	4,160	0	0	90
60 to 64 years	3,470	80	3,380	15	0	85
65 years and over	7,220	145	7,045	20	10	155
65 to 69 years	2,780	60	2,710	15	0	70
70 to 74 years	2,075	30	2,040	0	10	30
75 to 79 years	1,245	30	1,215	0	0	35
80 to 84 years	700	15	685	0	0	15
85 years and over	415	10	405	0	0	10
85 to 89 years	265	10	260	0	0	0
90 to 94 years	130	10	130	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	15	0	15	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0
Average age	39.3	47.4	39.2	31.7	36.3	not applicable ...
Median age	39.8	50.7	39.7	26.6	37.6	not applicable ...
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 2	42,240	770	41,335	115	20	825
Married or living common law	25,740	485	25,160	75	20	525
Married	12,140	285	11,795	40	20	305
Living common law	13,600	200	13,365	30	10	220
Not married and not living common law	16,495	280	16,180	40	0	300
Never married	11,565	140	11,395	30	0	155
Separated	555	30	530	0	0	30
Divorced	2,595	90	2,495	10	0	95
Widowed	1,780	20	1,765	0	0	20
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 3	42,235	765	41,335	110	20	825
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	40,675	745	39,795	110	20	not applicable ...
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,183	33,484	35,240	28,308	0	not applicable ...
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,144	28,907	30,193	23,556	0	not applicable ...
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	40,685	750	39,805	110	20	not applicable ...
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,087	29,052	30,126	24,802	0	not applicable ...
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,513	26,860	27,568	21,624	0	not applicable ...
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	34,780	610	34,055	95	15	not applicable ...
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,596	32,452	32,618	27,400	0	not applicable ...
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,179	28,064	27,179	24,318	0	not applicable ...
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	32,755	635	32,025	75	20	not applicable ...
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,079	8,202	9,102	6,925	0	not applicable ...
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,872	5,730	7,924	4,453	0	not applicable ...
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	29,425	540	28,790	75	15	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,221	32,520	33,253	28,879	0	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,773	28,153	28,817	24,248	0	not applicable ...
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^Footnote 4	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	not applicable ...
Market income (%)^Footnote 5	79.2	79.4	79.2	83.6	0.0	not applicable ...
Employment income (%)^Footnote 6	68.3	71.0	68.3	74.2	0.0	not applicable ...
Government transfers (%)^Footnote 7	20.8	20.9	20.8	16.7	0.0	not applicable ...
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 8	42,235	765	41,335	115	25	825
Without total income	1,565	20	1,545	10	0	20
With total income	40,670	750	39,795	110	20	800
Percentage with total income	96.3	98.0	96.3	95.7	80.0	97.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	5,060	110	4,940	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	110
$10,000 to $19,999	8,020	180	7,785	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	205
$20,000 to $29,999	7,155	95	7,035	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	105
$30,000 to $39,999	6,135	105	6,010	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	110
$40,000 to $49,999	5,130	105	5,025	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	105
$50,000 to $59,999	3,430	55	3,365	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	60
$60,000 to $69,999	2,155	45	2,095	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	50
$70,000 to $79,999	1,445	10	1,435	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	10
$80,000 to $89,999	810	10	805	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	10
$90,000 to $99,999	435	20	415	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	20
$100,000 and over	890	15	880	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	10
$100,000 to $149,999	695	10	685	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	10
$150,000 and over	195	0	190	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	10
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 9	42,235	770	41,340	115	20	825
Without after-tax income	1,555	20	1,535	0	0	25
With after-tax income	40,685	750	39,805	110	20	805
Percentage with after-tax income	96.3	97.4	96.3	95.7	100.0	97.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	5,225	110	5,110	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	115
$10,000 to $19,999	8,425	190	8,185	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	215
$20,000 to $29,999	8,720	120	8,565	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	135
$30,000 to $39,999	7,725	150	7,555	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	150
$40,000 to $49,999	5,245	75	5,165	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	75
$50,000 to $59,999	2,745	50	2,685	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	55
$60,000 to $69,999	1,335	30	1,300	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	30
$70,000 to $79,999	580	20	565	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	20
$80,000 and over	680	10	670	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	10
$80,000 to $89,999	290	10	290	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	10
$90,000 to $99,999	110	0	110	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	0
$100,000 and over	280	0	275	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	10
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 10	42,240	770	41,335	115	20	825
Without employment income	12,815	230	12,545	35	10	240
With employment income	29,425	540	28,790	80	15	580
Percentage with employment income	69.7	70.1	69.7	69.6	75.0	70.3
Under $5,000 (including loss)	3,470	65	3,390	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	70
$5,000 to $9,999	2,325	50	2,275	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	50
$10,000 to $19,999	5,025	105	4,900	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	115
$20,000 to $29,999	4,460	70	4,370	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	80
$30,000 to $39,999	4,295	70	4,215	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	75
$40,000 to $49,999	3,285	65	3,220	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	70
$50,000 to $59,999	2,225	35	2,190	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	35
$60,000 to $69,999	1,645	35	1,590	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	40
$70,000 to $79,999	1,190	15	1,175	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	15
$80,000 and over	1,505	35	1,470	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	35
$80,000 to $89,999	580	15	570	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	15
$90,000 to $99,999	285	10	275	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	10
$100,000 and over	645	15	630	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	15
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 11	42,240	770	41,340	115	20	825
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 12	12,515	265	12,190	50	0	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 13	40,103	40,439	40,154	28,917	0	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 14	43,996	40,773	44,137	32,826	0	not applicable ...
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 15	52,030	840	51,005	160	30	920
English only	65	65	0	0	0	60
French only	36,925	0	36,925	0	0	0
English and French	15,015	775	14,080	160	0	850
Neither English nor French	35	0	0	0	30	0
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 16	52,030	840	51,005	155	25	915
English	550	410	135	0	0	410
French	50,760	370	50,395	0	0	370
Non-official language	200	0	125	35	30	25
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	200	10	130	35	30	25
English and French	260	50	130	85	0	90
English and non-official language	10	10	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	205	0	205	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	50	0	10	40	0	20
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 17	52,035	840	51,010	160	30	915
None	49,350	390	48,785	145	25	465
English	1,885	185	1,695	0	10	190
French	315	190	125	0	0	190
Non-official language	385	60	320	0	0	60
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	385	60	320	0	0	60
English and French	10	0	10	10	0	0
English and non-official language	85	15	70	0	0	15
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Mother tongue for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 18	52,035	840	51,010	160	25	915
English	700	690	10	0	0	695
French	50,190	0	50,185	0	0	10
Non-official language	725	105	495	95	30	155
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	725	105	495	90	30	155
English and French	275	15	190	65	0	50
English and non-official language	15	15	0	0	0	20
French and non-official language	90	0	90	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	40	0	40	0	0	0
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 19	52,035	840	51,010	160	25	920
Official languages	52,000	840	51,005	160	0	920
English	15,075	840	14,080	160	0	915
French	51,935	770	51,005	160	0	855
Non-official languages	1,930	195	1,620	85	25	240
Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,925	195	1,615	85	30	240
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 20	52,030	835	51,010	160	25	920
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 21	795	20	775	0	0	20
Single Aboriginal responses^Footnote 22	770	15	750	0	0	20
First Nations (North American Indian)^Footnote 23	330	10	315	0	0	15
Métis	430	10	425	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^Footnote 24	10	0	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^Footnote 25	25	0	25	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	51,235	820	50,230	160	30	895
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 26	52,035	835	51,010	160	25	920
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 27	145	10	145	0	0	10
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	51,885	830	50,865	160	25	915
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 28	52,030	840	51,010	160	30	915
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 29	570	20	550	0	0	20
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 30	555	20	535	0	0	20
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^Footnote 31	460	15	440	0	0	20
Métis single ancestry	90	0	90	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^Footnote 32	15	0	15	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	15	0	15	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 33	2,120	35	2,080	10	0	35
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 34	2,090	35	2,055	0	0	35
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,885	35	1,845	0	0	40
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	195	0	190	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	0	20	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 35	30	0	25	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	0	20	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 36	49,345	785	48,375	155	30	860
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 37	52,030	840	51,005	160	30	920
Canadian citizens^Footnote 38	51,770	815	50,775	155	20	895
Canadian citizens only	51,465	790	50,500	150	20	865
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	305	30	275	0	0	30
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 39	260	20	230	10	0	25
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 40	52,035	835	51,010	160	30	915
Non-immigrants^Footnote 41	50,970	730	50,120	100	15	785
Immigrants^Footnote 42	1,040	105	860	65	15	130
Before 1981	355	50	290	10	0	55
1981 to 1990	160	0	125	25	0	20
1991 to 2000	165	15	135	10	0	20
2001 to 2010	255	15	225	15	0	20
2001 to 2005	125	0	120	0	0	10
2006 to 2010	130	15	105	15	0	20
2011 to 2016^Footnote 43	110	15	85	0	0	15
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 44	25	0	25	0	0	0
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 45	1,040	105	865	65	10	135
Under 5 years	160	15	130	15	0	20
5 to 14 years	185	25	150	15	0	30
15 to 24 years	205	0	190	0	0	15
25 to 44 years	425	40	345	30	10	55
45 years and over	65	10	50	0	0	15
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 46	1,040	105	865	60	15	130
Americas	280	25	230	25	0	35
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	15	0	15	0	0	0
El Salvador	10	0	15	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	55	10	55	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mexico	30	0	20	10	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 47	35	10	25	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	125	0	95	20	10	15
Europe	575	55	495	25	0	65
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	265	0	265	0	0	0
Germany	25	15	10	0	0	15
Greece	0	0	10	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 48	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	80	20	55	10	0	25
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	20	10	10	0	0	10
Portugal	30	0	25	10	0	0
Romania	20	0	10	10	0	10
Russian Federation	10	0	10	0	0	0
Serbia^Footnote 49	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	0	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 50	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	115	10	110	0	0	0
Africa	80	0	70	10	0	10
Algeria	10	0	15	0	0	0
Egypt	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	40	0	35	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	20	0	20	0	0	0
Asia	100	25	60	0	10	25
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 51	15	0	10	0	10	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 52	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	10	0	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 53	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 54	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	10	10	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	10	0	0	10	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	40	15	20	0	10	15
Oceania and other places of birth^Footnote 56	10	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 57	105	10	80	0	10	15
Americas	35	0	30	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	15	0	15	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 58	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 59	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	20	0	10	0	0	0
Europe	45	0	35	0	0	0
France	35	0	35	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 61	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 62	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	10	0	0	0	0
Africa	10	0	10	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	15	0	10	0	0	0
Asia	20	0	0	10	0	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 63	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 64	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 66	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	10	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 67	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	10	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	10	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 68	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 69	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 70	52,035	835	51,010	160	30	920
First generation^Footnote 71	1,100	115	920	60	15	140
Second generation^Footnote 72	1,605	215	1,350	30	10	230
Third generation or more^Footnote 73	49,325	510	48,740	65	10	545
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^Footnote 74	705	55	585	50	10	80
Economic immigrants^Footnote 75	305	0	280	15	0	15
Principal applicants^Footnote 76	140	10	125	10	0	10
Secondary applicants^Footnote 77	170	0	160	10	0	10
Immigrants sponsored by family^Footnote 78	285	45	230	10	10	45
Refugees^Footnote 79	110	10	70	25	0	20
Other immigrants^Footnote 80	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 81	52,035	835	51,010	160	30	915
Total visible minority population^Footnote 82	735	45	605	55	30	75
South Asian^Footnote 83	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	25	0	20	0	0	0
Black	315	15	295	10	0	20
Filipino	25	10	10	0	0	10
Latin American	215	0	165	35	20	15
Arab	90	0	75	10	0	10
Southeast Asian^Footnote 84	45	0	35	0	0	0
West Asian^Footnote 85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 86	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 87	10	0	10	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^Footnote 88	51,295	795	50,400	100	0	845
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 89	52,030	840	51,005	160	30	915
North American Aboriginal origins	2,690	55	2,635	0	0	55
First Nations (North American Indian)	2,385	50	2,325	0	0	55
Inuit	30	0	35	0	0	0
Métis	315	0	320	0	0	0
Other North American origins	41,835	370	41,415	45	0	390
Acadian	660	10	660	0	0	0
American	150	10	140	0	0	10
Canadian	39,700	350	39,305	35	10	370
New Brunswicker	10	0	10	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	40	10	40	0	0	0
Québécois	1,840	15	1,815	10	0	20
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 90	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	16,450	560	15,820	75	0	590
British Isles origins	4,005	240	3,755	10	0	245
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	600	120	475	0	0	125
Irish	2,925	95	2,825	10	0	95
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	810	55	740	10	0	60
Welsh	10	0	10	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 91	90	20	65	0	0	20
French origins	11,300	120	11,160	25	0	130
Alsatian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Breton	85	0	80	0	0	0
Corsican	10	0	10	0	0	0
French	11,225	115	11,090	20	0	130
Western European origins (except French origins)	1,200	90	1,105	10	0	90
Austrian	25	0	20	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	355	0	350	0	0	0
Dutch	30	10	25	0	0	10
Flemish	20	0	15	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	675	75	595	0	0	75
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	120	0	110	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 92	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	70	10	60	0	0	10
Danish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Finnish	30	0	20	0	0	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	25	0	20	0	0	0
Swedish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 93	10	0	10	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	595	135	440	20	0	145
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Czech	15	10	10	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^Footnote 94	10	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	40	10	30	10	0	10
Latvian	15	15	0	0	0	15
Lithuanian	25	0	25	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	275	45	225	0	0	45
Romanian	70	10	50	10	0	15
Russian	65	0	65	0	0	10
Slovak	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	180	55	125	0	0	55
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 95	10	10	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	2,340	155	2,140	45	0	175
Albanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	100	30	75	0	0	30
Italian	1,670	100	1,525	40	0	120
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	315	20	290	10	0	20
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	30	0	30	0	0	0
Slovenian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Spanish	310	0	310	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^Footnote 96	15	0	15	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 97	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	130	10	130	0	0	10
Basque	20	0	25	0	0	0
Jewish	40	10	30	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^Footnote 98	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 99	75	0	75	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	420	15	390	20	0	30
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	70	0	75	0	0	0
Dominican	60	0	50	10	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	280	0	260	10	0	10
Jamaican	15	0	15	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	10	0	10	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^Footnote 100	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 101	10	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	320	0	275	35	15	20
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	25	0	25	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	45	0	45	0	0	0
Colombian	25	0	20	0	0	0
Costa Rican	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	55	0	35	10	0	10
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	25	0	15	10	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	90	0	70	15	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Salvadorean	55	0	55	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 102	0	0	10	0	0	0
African origins	175	0	160	10	0	10
Central and West African origins	10	0	10	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 103	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	105	0	95	10	0	0
Algerian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Berber	15	0	10	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	25	0	15	10	0	10
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	55	0	60	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 104	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	10	0	15	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^Footnote 105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 106	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	50	0	50	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^Footnote 107	10	0	15	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 108	35	0	35	0	0	0
Asian origins	230	45	170	0	10	50
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	90	20	65	0	0	20
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^Footnote 109	25	0	20	0	0	10
Armenian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	20	0	20	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	10	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	20	0	15	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 110	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	20	0	15	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	20	0	15	0	0	10
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 111	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	125	20	90	0	10	20
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese	35	0	30	0	0	10
Filipino	20	10	15	0	0	10
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	20	0	20	0	0	0
Laotian	10	0	15	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	0	15	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 112	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 113	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	10	0	0	0	0	0
Australian	10	0	10	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^Footnote 114	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 116	42,240	770	41,335	115	20	825
No certificate, diploma or degree	13,205	160	12,975	50	15	190
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^Footnote 117	9,060	220	8,815	20	0	230
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	19,975	390	19,550	40	0	410
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	11,100	215	10,860	25	0	230
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 118	7,555	120	7,405	20	0	135
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 119	3,545	90	3,450	0	0	95
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	5,565	120	5,440	10	0	125
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	920	20	900	0	0	25
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	2,385	30	2,350	0	0	35
Bachelor's degree	1,845	30	1,815	10	0	25
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	215	0	215	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	50	0	50	0	0	0
Master's degree	235	10	230	0	0	10
Earned doctorate^Footnote 120	35	0	35	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 121	42,235	770	41,335	115	20	825
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 122	22,265	375	21,790	75	20	415
Education	1,215	0	1,210	0	0	10
13. Education	1,215	0	1,210	0	0	10
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	525	0	515	0	0	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	125	10	115	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	400	0	395	0	0	0
Humanities	580	20	555	0	0	20
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	25	0	20	0	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	25	0	25	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	350	10	340	0	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^Footnote 123	10	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	10	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	35	0	35	0	0	0
54. History	35	0	35	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	95	0	95	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,080	10	1,075	0	0	10
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	10	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	105	0	105	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	495	0	495	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	165	0	160	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^Footnote 124	35	0	40	0	0	0
42. Psychology	135	0	135	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	130	10	125	0	0	10
Business, management and public administration	3,590	75	3,510	10	0	75
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	165	0	165	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,425	75	3,345	10	0	80
Physical and life sciences and technologies	250	0	245	0	0	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	90	0	90	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25	0	25	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^Footnote 125	40	0	40	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	55	10	55	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	40	0	45	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	455	30	425	0	0	30
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	380	30	355	0	0	25
25. Library science	40	0	40	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	25	0	25	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^Footnote 126	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	6,605	105	6,495	0	0	105
04. Architecture and related services	95	0	95	0	0	0
14. Engineering	175	0	170	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	915	20	895	0	0	15
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,210	25	2,180	10	0	30
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,825	40	1,780	0	0	40
48. Precision production	1,390	20	1,370	0	0	20
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	655	15	640	0	0	20
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	560	10	550	0	0	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	90	10	90	0	0	0
Health and related fields	2,580	45	2,530	0	0	45
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	115	0	120	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	2,455	45	2,410	0	0	45
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,435	75	2,345	20	0	85
12. Personal and culinary services	1,320	20	1,295	0	0	25
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	340	15	325	0	0	15
49. Transportation and materials moving	770	40	720	10	0	45
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 127	42,240	765	41,335	115	20	825
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	22,265	380	21,790	75	20	420
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 128	19,970	385	19,550	40	0	405
Location of study inside Canada	19,690	360	19,310	20	0	370
Same as province or territory of residence	19,525	340	19,170	20	0	350
Different than province or territory of residence	165	25	140	0	0	25
Location of study outside Canada^Footnote 129	285	25	235	20	0	35
United States^Footnote 130	10	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	10	10	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 131	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 132	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	130	0	130	0	0	0
Other	135	15	95	15	0	25
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^Footnote 133	42,240	770	41,335	115	20	not applicable ...
In the labour force	27,510	495	26,920	80	15	not applicable ...
Employed	25,490	450	24,950	75	15	not applicable ...
Unemployed	2,015	50	1,970	10	0	not applicable ...
Not in the labour force	14,725	270	14,415	35	0	not applicable ...
Participation rate	65.1	64.3	65.1	69.6	75.0	not applicable ...
Employment rate	60.3	58.4	60.4	65.2	75.0	not applicable ...
Unemployment rate	7.3	10.1	7.3	12.5	0.0	not applicable ...
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^Footnote 134	42,235	765	41,335	115	20	825
Did not work^Footnote 135	14,140	240	13,870	30	0	250
Worked	28,100	530	27,465	90	15	575
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 136	12,820	275	12,485	50	10	295
Worked part year and/or part time^Footnote 137	15,280	260	14,980	40	10	280
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.1	42.3	42.0	45.6	48.6	not applicable ...
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 138	29,060	530	28,420	90	15	575
a.Management	2,425	60	2,355	0	0	65
00 Senior management occupations	360	15	345	0	0	15
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	325	10	320	0	0	0
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	830	25	800	10	0	25
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	905	20	890	0	0	15
b.Professional	2,255	30	2,220	10	0	30
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	435	0	430	0	0	10
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	255	10	245	0	0	10
30 Professional occupations in nursing	345	10	340	0	0	10
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	135	0	135	0	0	0
40 Professional occupations in education services	675	10	665	0	0	10
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	245	0	250	0	0	0
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	165	10	155	0	0	10
c.Technical and paraprofessional	2,690	45	2,645	0	0	45
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	585	15	575	0	0	15
32 Technical occupations in health	550	10	545	0	0	10
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	1,065	10	1,050	0	0	10
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	135	10	125	0	0	10
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	350	0	350	0	0	0
d.Administration and administrative support	3,180	65	3,115	10	0	70
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	1,480	25	1,450	0	0	25
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	220	10	215	0	0	0
14 Office support occupations	820	15	805	10	0	15
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	665	20	640	0	0	25
e.Sales	2,885	50	2,820	10	10	55
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	390	10	385	0	0	10
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade	1,210	30	1,185	0	0	30
66 Sales support occupations	1,280	15	1,260	10	10	15
f.Personal and customer information services	5,070	120	4,925	20	0	130
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	575	10	565	0	0	10
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	465	0	460	0	0	0
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	1,065	15	1,035	10	0	20
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	1,215	40	1,175	0	0	45
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	1,745	45	1,690	15	0	55
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades	4,330	60	4,255	20	0	65
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	2,820	20	2,795	10	0	30
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	1,515	40	1,465	10	0	45
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction	3,535	65	3,450	20	0	75
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	630	15	605	0	0	20
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	2,125	40	2,075	10	0	45
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	780	10	770	0	0	10
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	650	10	635	0	10	10
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	40	0	45	0	0	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	330	0	325	0	10	10
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	280	0	275	0	0	0
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,040	25	2,005	10	0	30
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	255	10	250	0	0	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	615	10	605	0	0	10
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	460	10	450	0	0	10
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	715	0	700	0	0	10
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 139	29,060	535	28,420	95	15	580
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,095	0	1,080	0	0	0
111 - 112 Farms^Footnote 140	1,005	0	990	0	10	0
113 Forestry and logging	50	0	45	0	0	0
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping	0	0	0	0	0	0
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry	40	0	40	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	75	0	75	0	0	0
211 Oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0	0	0
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas)	60	0	55	0	0	0
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction	20	0	15	0	0	0
22 Utilities	145	0	145	0	0	0
221 Utilities	145	0	145	0	0	0
23 Construction	3,850	45	3,790	0	0	50
236 Construction of buildings	1,070	10	1,055	0	0	10
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction	340	0	330	0	0	10
238 Specialty trade contractors	2,435	30	2,395	0	10	35
31-33 Manufacturing	3,880	85	3,775	20	0	95
311 Food manufacturing	775	15	755	0	0	15
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	70	0	70	0	0	0
313 Textile mills	15	0	20	0	0	0
314 Textile product mills	20	0	20	0	0	0
315 Clothing manufacturing	45	0	45	0	0	0
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing	10	0	10	0	0	0
321 Wood product manufacturing	230	0	220	0	0	10
322 Paper manufacturing	110	0	115	0	0	0
323 Printing and related support activities	165	10	155	10	0	10
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing	20	0	15	0	0	0
325 Chemical manufacturing	100	10	95	0	0	0
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	350	10	340	0	0	10
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing	220	0	220	0	0	0
331 Primary metal manufacturing	90	0	80	0	0	0
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing	470	10	460	0	0	10
333 Machinery manufacturing	320	10	310	0	0	0
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing	25	0	25	0	0	0
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing	70	0	70	0	0	0
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing	340	15	320	0	0	15
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing	300	10	285	0	0	10
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing	155	0	155	10	0	0
41 Wholesale trade	1,125	25	1,105	0	0	25
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers	10	0	0	0	0	0
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers	35	0	30	0	0	0
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers	220	0	220	0	0	0
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers	115	0	115	0	0	0
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers	80	0	80	0	0	0
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers	210	10	205	0	0	0
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	265	10	255	0	0	10
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers	170	10	160	0	0	0
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers	25	0	30	0	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	3,940	60	3,870	10	0	65
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers	605	0	600	0	0	0
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores	195	0	190	0	0	0
443 Electronics and appliance stores	85	10	80	0	0	10
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	460	0	460	0	0	0
445 Food and beverage stores	1,180	0	1,165	10	0	10
446 Health and personal care stores	350	10	345	0	0	0
447 Gasoline stations	140	10	135	0	0	0
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores	285	10	270	0	0	15
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores	100	0	100	0	0	0
452 General merchandise stores	265	10	260	0	0	0
453 Miscellaneous store retailers	210	15	190	0	0	15
454 Non-store retailers	80	0	75	0	0	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,745	50	1,685	10	0	60
481 Air transportation	30	0	30	0	0	0
482 Rail transportation	35	0	35	0	0	0
483 Water transportation	0	0	0	0	0	0
484 Truck transportation	780	25	745	10	0	30
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation	405	10	400	0	0	0
486 Pipeline transportation	0	0	0	0	0	0
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation	0	0	10	0	0	0
488 Support activities for transportation	245	10	235	0	0	10
491 Postal service	135	10	130	0	0	0
492 Couriers and messengers	65	0	60	0	0	10
493 Warehousing and storage	40	0	40	0	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	255	20	235	0	0	15
511 Publishing industries (except Internet)	60	0	55	0	0	0
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries	45	10	25	0	0	15
515 Broadcasting (except Internet)	10	0	10	0	0	0
517 Telecommunications	120	0	120	0	0	0
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services	0	0	0	0	0	0
519 Other information services	25	10	20	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	500	20	475	0	0	20
521 Monetary authorities - central bank	0	0	0	0	0	0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities	305	15	290	0	0	15
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities	15	0	10	0	0	0
524 Insurance carriers and related activities	180	0	175	0	0	0
526 Funds and other financial vehicles	0	0	0	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	325	10	310	0	0	15
531 Real estate	195	10	180	0	0	10
532 Rental and leasing services	125	0	125	0	0	0
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	0	0	10	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,005	10	995	0	0	10
541 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,005	10	1,000	0	0	10
55 Management of companies and enterprises	20	0	15	0	0	10
551 Management of companies and enterprises	25	0	15	10	0	10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,500	45	1,450	10	0	45
561 Administrative and support services	1,245	45	1,190	10	0	50
562 Waste management and remediation services	255	0	255	0	0	0
61 Educational services	1,305	10	1,300	0	0	0
611 Educational services	1,305	10	1,300	0	0	10
62 Health care and social assistance	3,380	40	3,330	0	0	45
621 Ambulatory health care services	625	10	615	0	0	15
622 Hospitals	1,165	20	1,150	0	0	15
623 Nursing and residential care facilities	605	15	590	0	0	15
624 Social assistance	985	0	980	10	0	0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	410	0	405	0	0	10
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries	110	10	100	0	0	0
712 Heritage institutions	25	0	20	0	0	0
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries	280	0	280	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	1,720	45	1,650	20	0	55
721 Accommodation services	160	0	155	0	0	0
722 Food services and drinking places	1,560	35	1,500	25	0	45
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,655	35	1,615	10	0	35
811 Repair and maintenance	865	25	845	0	0	20
812 Personal and laundry services	500	10	490	10	0	10
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations	215	0	215	0	0	0
814 Private households	70	10	60	0	0	10
91 Public administration	1,140	25	1,110	0	0	25
911 Federal government public administration	245	0	245	0	0	10
912 Provincial and territorial public administration	265	15	250	0	0	15
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration	625	10	615	0	0	10
914 Aboriginal public administration	0	0	0	0	0	0
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 141	25,495	450	24,950	75	15	490
Worked at home	1,910	45	1,865	0	0	45
Worked outside Canada	20	0	20	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	4,075	80	3,970	20	10	95
Worked at usual place	19,480	320	19,095	50	10	345
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 142	29,060	530	28,415	95	15	575
English	515	125	385	10	0	125
French	27,710	335	27,320	45	10	360
Non-official language	20	0	15	0	10	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	20	0	15	0	10	0
English and French	780	70	675	30	0	90
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	20	0	15	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	0	10	0	0	0
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 143	29,060	535	28,420	95	10	575
None	24,105	265	23,775	50	15	290
English	4,480	175	4,285	15	0	185
French	325	80	240	10	0	80
Non-official language	95	10	75	15	0	15
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	100	0	75	20	0	15
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	45	10	40	10	0	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	19,480	320	19,100	50	15	345
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	3,505	35	3,450	15	0	45
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,100	30	2,075	0	0	30
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	13,865	255	13,560	40	10	270
Commute to a different province or territory	20	0	15	0	0	0
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 144	23,560	405	23,075	70	10	435
Car, truck, van - as a driver	21,415	370	20,980	45	15	390
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	925	10	905	15	0	15
Public transit	240	15	220	0	0	20
Walked	750	15	735	0	0	10
Bicycle	80	0	80	0	0	0
Other method	155	0	155	0	0	0
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 145	23,560	400	23,070	70	15	435
Less than 15 minutes	4,640	65	4,570	10	0	65
15 to 29 minutes	5,495	70	5,405	10	10	70
30 to 44 minutes	5,800	95	5,685	20	0	100
45 to 59 minutes	3,695	110	3,575	10	0	115
60 minutes and over	3,935	70	3,835	15	0	85
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 146	23,560	400	23,075	70	15	440
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	3,985	75	3,890	15	10	85
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	4,865	80	4,770	10	10	85
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	5,430	65	5,355	10	0	70
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,105	40	3,060	0	0	45
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,430	45	1,375	10	10	45
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	4,750	100	4,630	25	0	110
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 147	51,275	840	50,250	160	30	915
Non-movers	45,695	710	44,835	135	10	780
Movers	5,580	120	5,415	30	15	140
Non-migrants	1,820	20	1,790	10	0	20
Migrants	3,760	105	3,620	15	15	120
Internal migrants	3,735	110	3,595	20	15	120
Intraprovincial migrants	3,665	95	3,535	20	15	105
Interprovincial migrants	70	15	60	0	0	15
External migrants	25	0	30	0	0	0
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 148	48,445	815	47,450	155	25	890
Non-movers	31,160	560	30,535	55	0	590
Movers	17,285	255	16,910	100	15	305
Non-migrants	5,715	45	5,655	20	0	55
Migrants	11,565	215	11,260	75	20	250
Internal migrants	11,480	205	11,190	65	15	235
Intraprovincial migrants	11,400	190	11,130	65	15	220
Interprovincial migrants	75	15	65	0	0	15
External migrants	90	10	70	10	10	15

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 2

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Footnote 3

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 4

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 5

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 6

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 7

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 8

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 9

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 10

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 11

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 12

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 13

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 14

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 15

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 16

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 17

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 18

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 19

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

Footnote 20

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 21

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 22

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 23

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 24

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 25

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 26

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 27

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 28

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 29

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 30

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 31

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 32

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 33

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 34

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 35

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 36

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

Footnote 37

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 38

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Footnote 39

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Footnote 40

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 41

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Footnote 42

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 43

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 44

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Footnote 45

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 46

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 47

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 48

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 49

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Footnote 50

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 51

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 52

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 53

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 54

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 55

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 56

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 57

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 58

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 59

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 60

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 61

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 62

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 63

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 64

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 65

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 66

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 67

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 68

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 69

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 70

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 71

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 72

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 73

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 74

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 75

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Footnote 76

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 77

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 78

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Footnote 79

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Footnote 80

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Footnote 81

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 82

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 83

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Footnote 84

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Footnote 85

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Footnote 86

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 87

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 88

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 89

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 90

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Footnote 91

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Footnote 94

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Footnote 96

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 97

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Footnote 98

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 99

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Footnote 100

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 101

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Footnote 102

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Footnote 103

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Footnote 105

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Footnote 107

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 108

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Footnote 109

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 110

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Footnote 112

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Footnote 116

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 117

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 118

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Footnote 119

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Footnote 120

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 121

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Footnote 122

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 123

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Footnote 124

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Footnote 125

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Footnote 127

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 128

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 129

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Footnote 130

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 131

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 132

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 133

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 134

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Footnote 135

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Footnote 136

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Footnote 137

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Footnote 138

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Footnote 139

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

Footnote 140

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

Footnote 141

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 142

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 143

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 144

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Footnote 145

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

Footnote 146

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

Footnote 147

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 148

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Data quality note(s) – Montcalm

• Incomplete enumeration flag
  Default. Not applicable.
• Long-form data quality flag
  Global non-response rate (GNR), long-form census questionnaire: 4.5%.
• Long-form income data quality flag
  Default. Data quality index showing a long-form income non-response rate lower than 10%.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016352.