Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981), Mother Tongue (4), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

• Age (8B): Total - Age
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , mother tongue , age and sex for the population in private households in Aurora, T

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981)	Mother tongue (4)
	Total - Mother tongue^Footnote 1	English	French	English and French
Population in private households - 25% sample data	54,705	38,120	705	195
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	54,705	38,120	705	195
0 to 14 years	9,835	7,885	85	65
0 to 4 years	2,685	2,020	0	10
5 to 9 years	3,380	2,675	35	25
10 to 14 years	3,770	3,185	50	30
15 to 64 years	38,250	25,910	525	130
15 to 19 years	4,140	3,520	50	20
20 to 24 years	3,820	3,200	45	20
25 to 29 years	2,750	2,030	30	0
30 to 34 years	2,620	1,495	35	25
35 to 39 years	3,265	1,840	50	0
40 to 44 years	4,060	2,260	30	0
45 to 49 years	4,640	2,820	70	25
50 to 54 years	5,185	3,335	75	25
55 to 59 years	4,525	3,150	100	10
60 to 64 years	3,245	2,265	45	0
65 years and over	6,620	4,325	95	0
65 to 69 years	2,425	1,630	10	0
70 to 74 years	1,640	1,080	25	0
75 to 79 years	1,155	715	25	0
80 to 84 years	730	465	25	0
85 years and over	665	435	10	0
85 to 89 years	490	325	10	0
90 to 94 years	115	75	0	0
95 to 99 years	50	25	0	0
100 years and over	10	0	0	0
Average age	39.1	37.2	44.2	27.6
Median age	41.2	37.7	47.4	21.5
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 2	44,870	30,235	620	130
Married or living common law	27,545	16,610	425	80
Married	25,065	14,635	370	75
Living common law	2,480	1,975	50	10
Not married and not living common law	17,325	13,630	200	45
Never married	12,220	10,090	130	40
Separated	1,115	855	15	0
Divorced	2,390	1,660	45	0
Widowed	1,600	1,015	10	0
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 3	44,870	30,235	620	130
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	42,800	28,690	585	125
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	65,014	71,489	71,137	54,318
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,253	43,018	47,595	36,994
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	42,805	28,700	585	125
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	50,024	54,054	54,007	43,689
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,013	38,195	41,195	36,100
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	39,955	27,240	565	125
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	65,519	71,283	70,234	53,587
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,872	41,253	45,780	36,868
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	28,215	18,460	380	60
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,825	5,920	5,814	1,567
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	1,923	1,790	1,973	874
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	34,235	23,425	450	125
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	63,465	67,610	65,705	52,486
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,675	40,896	47,028	36,868
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^Footnote 4	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^Footnote 5	94.1	94.7	95.4	98.7
Employment income (%)^Footnote 6	78.1	77.2	71.0	96.6
Government transfers (%)^Footnote 7	5.9	5.3	5.3	1.3
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 8	44,870	30,235	625	130
Without total income	2,070	1,545	40	0
With total income	42,800	28,690	585	125
Percentage with total income	95.4	94.9	93.6	96.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	6,875	4,480	100	too unreliable to be published F
$10,000 to $19,999	6,110	3,860	40	too unreliable to be published F
$20,000 to $29,999	4,610	2,895	70	too unreliable to be published F
$30,000 to $39,999	3,725	2,425	35	too unreliable to be published F
$40,000 to $49,999	3,355	2,170	65	too unreliable to be published F
$50,000 to $59,999	2,960	2,035	30	too unreliable to be published F
$60,000 to $69,999	2,565	1,685	45	too unreliable to be published F
$70,000 to $79,999	2,140	1,430	30	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 to $89,999	1,965	1,270	35	too unreliable to be published F
$90,000 to $99,999	1,750	1,320	25	too unreliable to be published F
$100,000 and over	6,740	5,115	120	too unreliable to be published F
$100,000 to $149,999	3,780	2,740	65	too unreliable to be published F
$150,000 and over	2,965	2,380	55	too unreliable to be published F
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 9	44,870	30,235	625	130
Without after-tax income	2,060	1,535	35	0
With after-tax income	42,810	28,700	590	125
Percentage with after-tax income	95.4	94.9	94.4	96.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	7,110	4,670	100	too unreliable to be published F
$10,000 to $19,999	6,385	4,025	50	too unreliable to be published F
$20,000 to $29,999	5,205	3,305	65	too unreliable to be published F
$30,000 to $39,999	4,365	2,865	60	too unreliable to be published F
$40,000 to $49,999	4,280	2,810	65	too unreliable to be published F
$50,000 to $59,999	3,315	2,190	40	too unreliable to be published F
$60,000 to $69,999	2,920	1,920	45	too unreliable to be published F
$70,000 to $79,999	2,420	1,700	45	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 and over	6,810	5,220	115	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 to $89,999	1,780	1,285	15	too unreliable to be published F
$90,000 to $99,999	1,150	885	15	too unreliable to be published F
$100,000 and over	3,885	3,045	85	too unreliable to be published F
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 10	44,870	30,235	620	125
Without employment income	10,635	6,805	170	10
With employment income	34,235	23,430	455	125
Percentage with employment income	76.3	77.5	73.4	100.0
Under $5,000 (including loss)	4,155	3,055	75	too unreliable to be published F
$5,000 to $9,999	2,955	2,125	25	too unreliable to be published F
$10,000 to $19,999	4,145	2,725	45	too unreliable to be published F
$20,000 to $29,999	3,005	1,900	45	too unreliable to be published F
$30,000 to $39,999	2,620	1,725	10	too unreliable to be published F
$40,000 to $49,999	2,605	1,660	35	too unreliable to be published F
$50,000 to $59,999	2,240	1,475	15	too unreliable to be published F
$60,000 to $69,999	2,030	1,280	30	too unreliable to be published F
$70,000 to $79,999	1,660	1,045	25	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 and over	8,825	6,455	145	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 to $89,999	1,650	1,080	20	too unreliable to be published F
$90,000 to $99,999	1,610	1,180	30	too unreliable to be published F
$100,000 and over	5,565	4,195	95	too unreliable to be published F
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 11	44,870	30,235	620	130
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 12	17,585	11,750	235	60
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 13	66,921	71,857	77,245	66,126
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 14	89,330	97,954	91,648	84,152
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 15	54,705	38,120	705	195
English only	48,310	34,740	65	40
French only	10	0	0	0
English and French	5,175	3,365	640	155
Neither English nor French	1,210	15	0	0
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 16	54,705	38,120	705	195
English	43,705	37,130	465	135
French	275	15	225	10
Non-official language	8,120	355	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	8,115	360	0	10
English and French	65	30	10	20
English and non-official language	2,490	560	10	10
French and non-official language	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	50	25	0	10
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 17	54,700	38,120	705	195
None	45,570	36,275	340	90
English	3,830	220	195	15
French	735	430	155	60
Non-official language	4,530	1,175	10	25
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	4,525	1,180	10	25
English and French	10	0	0	10
English and non-official language	15	0	0	0
French and non-official language	20	15	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - First official language spoken for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 18	54,705	38,120	705	195
English	52,510	38,120	65	150
French	695	0	640	15
English and French	305	0	0	30
Neither English nor French	1,200	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^Footnote 19	845	0	640	30
Official language minority (percentage)^Footnote 20	1.5	0.0	90.8	15.4
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 21	54,705	38,120	705	195
Official languages	53,495	38,110	705	195
English	53,490	38,105	705	195
French	5,180	3,365	640	150
Non-official languages	19,145	3,795	80	65
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	19,145	3,795	80	65
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 22	54,705	38,120	705	195
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 23	400	365	20	20
Single Aboriginal responses^Footnote 24	360	330	15	20
First Nations (North American Indian)^Footnote 25	210	200	10	0
Métis	150	125	10	20
Inuk (Inuit)	0	10	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^Footnote 26	15	10	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^Footnote 27	25	25	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	54,300	37,750	685	175
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 28	54,705	38,120	705	195
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 29	155	145	0	10
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	54,545	37,975	705	185
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 30	54,700	38,120	705	195
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 31	35	35	0	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 32	40	35	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^Footnote 33	35	35	0	0
Métis single ancestry	10	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^Footnote 34	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 35	800	705	60	25
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 36	775	680	60	25
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	545	505	35	10
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	220	175	25	20
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 37	25	25	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	25	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 38	53,870	37,375	645	170
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 39	54,700	38,125	705	195
Canadian citizens^Footnote 40	51,140	37,295	680	190
Canadian citizens only	47,410	35,900	645	180
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	3,725	1,395	35	10
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 41	3,560	825	25	10
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 42	54,705	38,120	705	195
Non-immigrants^Footnote 43	37,795	33,545	580	170
Immigrants^Footnote 44	16,510	4,460	125	25
Before 1981	4,420	2,260	35	10
1981 to 1990	1,840	535	15	0
1991 to 2000	3,770	640	25	0
2001 to 2010	4,625	805	35	10
2001 to 2005	2,560	420	30	0
2006 to 2010	2,060	380	10	10
2011 to 2016^Footnote 45	1,855	230	20	15
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 46	395	115	0	0
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 47	16,510	4,460	125	25
Under 5 years	1,715	860	15	15
5 to 14 years	3,120	1,155	25	0
15 to 24 years	3,090	900	25	0
25 to 44 years	7,160	1,325	65	10
45 years and over	1,425	220	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 48	16,510	4,460	125	30
Americas	1,910	1,195	0	0
Brazil	75	0	0	0
Colombia	185	10	0	0
El Salvador	45	10	0	0
Guyana	155	155	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	270	265	0	0
Mexico	65	0	0	0
Peru	110	10	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	210	210	0	0
United States^Footnote 49	460	420	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	325	120	0	0
Europe	5,990	2,130	40	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	30	0	0	0
Croatia	30	10	0	0
France	40	10	25	10
Germany	320	80	10	0
Greece	175	10	0	0
Hungary	75	10	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 50	95	95	0	0
Italy	605	80	0	0
Netherlands	120	25	0	0
Poland	220	10	0	0
Portugal	180	15	0	0
Romania	465	40	0	0
Russian Federation	655	20	0	0
Serbia^Footnote 51	80	10	0	0
Ukraine	400	25	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 52	1,660	1,620	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	825	85	10	0
Africa	620	270	70	15
Algeria	10	0	0	0
Egypt	210	40	15	15
Ethiopia	10	0	0	0
Kenya	10	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	25	20	0	0
Somalia	15	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	120	110	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	220	100	50	0
Asia	7,965	835	20	0
Afghanistan	110	25	0	0
Bangladesh	30	10	0	0
China^Footnote 53	2,510	115	0	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 54	715	65	0	0
India	475	155	0	0
Iran^Footnote 55	1,525	90	10	0
Iraq	55	10	0	0
Japan	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 56	395	20	0	0
Lebanon	70	15	0	0
Pakistan	160	10	0	0
Philippines	610	145	0	0
Sri Lanka	255	35	0	0
Syria^Footnote 57	25	0	0	0
Taiwan	110	10	0	0
Viet Nam	190	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	710	125	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^Footnote 58	30	25	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 59	1,850	230	15	15
Americas	150	45	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0
Colombia	15	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	10	0	0
Mexico	35	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 60	30	15	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 61	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	65	20	0	0
Europe	390	125	20	0
France	15	0	15	0
Germany	30	10	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 62	20	20	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 63	10	0	0	0
Romania	25	0	0	0
Russian Federation	95	0	0	0
Ukraine	60	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 64	90	90	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	50	0	0	0
Africa	55	25	0	15
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0
Egypt	35	15	0	10
Eritrea	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	10	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	20	0	0	0
Asia	1,260	35	0	0
Afghanistan	30	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 65	570	15	0	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 66	50	10	0	0
India	40	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 67	235	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0
Israel	20	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 68	10	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	30	0	0	0
Philippines	200	15	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	10	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 69	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	55	0	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 70	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 71	0	0	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 72	54,700	38,125	705	195
First generation^Footnote 73	17,290	4,895	130	30
Second generation^Footnote 74	15,555	12,000	100	90
Third generation or more^Footnote 75	21,860	21,225	475	80
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^Footnote 76	12,230	2,240	90	25
Economic immigrants^Footnote 77	7,430	1,325	50	20
Principal applicants^Footnote 78	2,935	450	25	10
Secondary applicants^Footnote 79	4,495	875	25	15
Immigrants sponsored by family^Footnote 80	3,190	650	45	10
Refugees^Footnote 81	1,475	230	0	0
Other immigrants^Footnote 82	140	30	0	0
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 83	54,705	38,125	705	195
Total visible minority population^Footnote 84	14,695	5,575	85	60
South Asian^Footnote 85	1,850	880	0	10
Chinese	5,555	1,170	20	15
Black	1,205	1,110	35	0
Filipino	915	430	0	0
Latin American	660	145	0	0
Arab	555	235	20	10
Southeast Asian^Footnote 86	305	140	10	0
West Asian^Footnote 87	1,880	335	10	0
Korean	595	125	0	0
Japanese	200	165	0	10
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 88	305	275	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 89	680	565	10	10
Not a visible minority^Footnote 90	40,010	32,545	615	140
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 91	54,700	38,120	705	195
North American Aboriginal origins	835	745	60	25
First Nations (North American Indian)	600	555	35	0
Inuit	20	0	0	0
Métis	245	205	20	20
Other North American origins	11,225	10,605	335	35
Acadian	30	25	0	0
American	600	580	0	0
Canadian	10,800	10,190	325	35
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	50	50	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	10	0	0
Ontarian	10	0	0	0
Québécois	20	15	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 92	10	0	0	0
European origins	37,110	29,960	475	150
British Isles origins	21,700	21,425	120	55
Channel Islander	20	20	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0
English	12,905	12,800	35	20
Irish	9,120	8,970	75	30
Manx	25	25	0	0
Scottish	9,265	9,190	30	25
Welsh	1,040	1,030	0	10
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 93	1,765	1,750	0	0
French origins	3,730	3,170	415	75
Alsatian	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0
French	3,725	3,170	415	80
Western European origins (except French origins)	6,620	5,750	75	20
Austrian	515	390	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0
Belgian	180	160	15	0
Dutch	1,610	1,435	10	10
Flemish	35	30	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0
German	4,680	4,110	50	20
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0
Swiss	245	200	15	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 94	10	10	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,240	1,070	0	10
Danish	225	220	0	0
Finnish	445	325	0	0
Icelandic	75	75	0	0
Norwegian	295	265	0	0
Swedish	145	135	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 95	70	65	0	0
Eastern European origins	7,405	4,335	0	40
Bulgarian	100	20	0	0
Byelorussian	205	35	0	0
Czech	210	155	0	10
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^Footnote 96	100	95	0	0
Estonian	180	110	0	0
Hungarian	875	575	0	0
Latvian	145	80	0	10
Lithuanian	155	100	0	10
Moldovan	95	10	0	0
Polish	2,220	1,770	0	10
Romanian	635	220	0	0
Russian	2,350	935	0	20
Slovak	140	70	0	0
Ukrainian	1,780	1,160	0	15
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 97	45	10	0	0
Southern European origins	10,635	7,740	80	45
Albanian	95	30	0	0
Bosnian	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0
Croatian	195	125	0	10
Cypriot	35	15	0	0
Greek	1,435	935	0	0
Italian	6,830	5,335	75	35
Kosovar	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	525	400	0	0
Maltese	220	210	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	1,145	820	0	0
Serbian	225	115	0	10
Sicilian	35	25	0	0
Slovenian	250	190	10	0
Spanish	665	385	10	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^Footnote 98	105	80	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 99	10	10	0	0
Other European origins	605	275	0	10
Basque	15	10	0	0
Jewish	485	175	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^Footnote 100	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 101	105	85	0	0
Caribbean origins	1,340	1,320	0	10
Antiguan	10	10	0	0
Bahamian	20	20	0	0
Barbadian	110	115	0	0
Bermudan	15	20	0	0
Carib	20	20	0	0
Cuban	25	20	0	0
Dominican	25	20	0	0
Grenadian	35	30	0	10
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0
Haitian	10	10	0	0
Jamaican	725	725	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	35	35	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	15	15	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	280	275	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10	10	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^Footnote 102	175	175	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 103	30	30	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	1,400	785	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	40	15	0	0
Arawak	0	10	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0
Belizean	20	20	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	60	25	0	0
Chilean	50	35	0	0
Colombian	240	55	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	95	55	0	0
Guatemalan	15	10	0	0
Guyanese	355	360	0	0
Hispanic	15	10	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0
Maya	30	15	0	0
Mexican	130	25	0	0
Nicaraguan	20	15	0	0
Panamanian	25	10	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	150	30	0	0
Salvadorean	85	50	0	0
Uruguayan	25	20	0	0
Venezuelan	60	30	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 104	30	20	0	0
African origins	1,145	780	75	25
Central and West African origins	85	45	35	0
Akan	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0
Edo	20	15	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	25	20	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	30	0	30	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 105	10	10	0	0
North African origins	500	250	40	25
Algerian	20	0	10	0
Berber	10	0	0	0
Coptic	45	0	15	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	390	210	25	15
Libyan	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	50	25	0	10
Sudanese	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	25	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 106	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	295	240	0	0
Afrikaner	10	10	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^Footnote 107	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	15	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0
Oromo	15	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0
Somali	30	30	0	0
South African	145	140	0	0
Tanzanian	10	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	40	30	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	15	15	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 108	15	10	0	0
Other African origins	265	245	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^Footnote 109	20	15	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 110	255	235	0	0
Asian origins	13,395	4,575	55	55
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	3,340	1,050	20	15
Afghan	195	40	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^Footnote 111	95	40	0	0
Armenian	180	90	0	10
Assyrian	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	30	0	0	10
Georgian	35	10	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0
Iranian	1,905	385	10	0
Iraqi	85	50	0	0
Israeli	90	65	0	0
Jordanian	30	25	0	0
Kazakh	35	0	0	0
Kurd	70	10	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	280	195	10	0
Palestinian	90	60	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0
Syrian	110	75	0	0
Tajik	15	20	0	0
Tatar	50	0	10	0
Turk	250	130	0	0
Turkmen	10	0	10	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	30	20	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 112	35	10	0	0
South Asian origins	1,970	1,055	0	10
Bangladeshi	25	10	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0
East Indian	1,460	870	0	0
Goan	15	20	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	235	90	0	10
Punjabi	30	20	0	0
Sinhalese	45	10	0	0
Sri Lankan	320	95	0	0
Tamil	70	20	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 113	20	10	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	8,190	2,545	30	20
Burmese	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	60	40	0	0
Chinese	6,055	1,560	25	15
Filipino	1,070	585	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	15	0	0	0
Japanese	275	230	0	10
Karen	0	0	0	0
Korean	670	180	0	0
Laotian	130	65	0	0
Malaysian	60	35	0	0
Mongolian	35	25	0	0
Singaporean	10	0	0	0
Taiwanese	45	15	0	0
Thai	80	30	0	0
Tibetan	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	245	100	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 114	10	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	15	15	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 115	15	10	0	0
Oceania origins	65	60	0	0
Australian	55	60	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^Footnote 116	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 117	0	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 118	44,870	30,235	620	125
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,635	4,050	75	15
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^Footnote 119	11,335	8,415	110	25
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	27,905	17,770	440	90
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,065	1,305	30	0
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 120	935	590	10	0
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 121	1,125	715	15	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	8,815	6,150	205	40
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,370	745	35	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	15,660	9,570	175	40
Bachelor's degree	10,985	7,150	115	35
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,200	615	15	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	320	145	0	0
Master's degree	2,775	1,520	35	0
Earned doctorate^Footnote 122	380	135	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 123	44,870	30,235	625	130
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 124	16,970	12,465	185	40
Education	1,745	1,280	45	0
13. Education	1,745	1,285	45	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,260	860	10	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	85	65	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,170	795	10	10
Humanities	1,685	1,185	30	15
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	170	50	10	0
23. English language and literature/letters	575	435	10	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	380	265	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^Footnote 125	15	10	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	85	55	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	120	80	0	0
54. History	270	230	0	10
55. French language and literature/letters	70	55	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	4,250	3,045	50	15
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	40	25	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	375	285	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	615	480	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	685	460	10	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^Footnote 126	55	50	0	0
42. Psychology	645	495	0	0
45. Social sciences	1,840	1,255	30	15
Business, management and public administration	6,705	4,225	145	15
30.16 Accounting and computer science	25	10	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	290	205	10	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	6,385	4,010	135	10
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,220	750	20	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	490	320	15	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	310	230	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^Footnote 127	10	10	0	0
40. Physical sciences	365	160	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	40	30	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,585	775	30	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,215	565	25	10
25. Library science	45	40	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	270	135	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^Footnote 128	55	35	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	4,900	2,580	55	0
04. Architecture and related services	275	135	10	0
14. Engineering	2,050	730	10	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	855	540	15	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	765	545	15	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	665	460	0	0
48. Precision production	295	170	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	325	190	10	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	170	80	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	155	105	10	0
Health and related fields	3,110	2,100	25	20
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	515	410	10	10
51. Health professions and related programs	2,490	1,635	10	15
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	95	60	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,115	780	15	0
12. Personal and culinary services	610	370	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	355	315	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	145	90	10	0
Other	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 129	44,870	30,235	620	130
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	16,965	12,465	185	40
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 130	27,900	17,770	440	85
Location of study inside Canada	21,385	16,150	385	75
Same as province or territory of residence	19,855	15,065	245	65
Different than province or territory of residence	1,530	1,085	140	0
Location of study outside Canada^Footnote 131	6,520	1,620	55	15
United States^Footnote 132	805	545	0	0
Philippines	295	55	0	0
India	240	45	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 133	745	625	15	0
China^Footnote 134	955	0	0	0
France	35	0	15	0
Other	3,440	345	20	15
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^Footnote 135	44,870	30,235	625	130
In the labour force	31,910	21,525	435	120
Employed	30,015	20,075	415	115
Unemployed	1,895	1,450	15	0
Not in the labour force	12,965	8,710	190	10
Participation rate	71.1	71.2	69.6	92.3
Employment rate	66.9	66.4	66.4	88.5
Unemployment rate	5.9	6.7	3.4	0.0
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^Footnote 136	44,870	30,235	625	125
Did not work^Footnote 137	11,745	7,630	185	10
Worked	33,125	22,600	435	125
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 138	18,185	12,085	245	60
Worked part year and/or part time^Footnote 139	14,945	10,520	195	60
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.0	42.3	43.6	41.4
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 140	34,105	23,265	440	130
a.Management	5,300	3,775	80	10
00 Senior management occupations	1,015	815	25	0
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	2,160	1,550	30	10
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	1,335	875	10	0
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	790	540	20	0
b.Professional	7,410	4,785	95	30
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	1,725	1,075	20	10
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	1,910	905	10	10
30 Professional occupations in nursing	415	320	10	0
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	510	315	0	10
40 Professional occupations in education services	1,640	1,250	35	0
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	915	685	20	10
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	305	235	0	0
c.Technical and paraprofessional	3,290	2,325	40	25
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	940	590	10	0
32 Technical occupations in health	425	260	0	0
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	605	420	0	0
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	330	270	20	10
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	995	785	10	10
d.Administration and administrative support	4,655	3,255	35	10
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	1,990	1,460	35	0
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	565	390	0	0
14 Office support occupations	1,640	1,095	10	10
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	470	310	0	0
e.Sales	4,465	3,230	60	25
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	1,510	995	25	0
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade	2,010	1,510	25	0
66 Sales support occupations	945	725	10	20
f.Personal and customer information services	4,455	2,875	55	20
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	230	120	0	0
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	515	295	0	0
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	775	425	10	0
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	1,485	1,000	30	10
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	1,450	1,035	20	10
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades	1,870	1,215	30	0
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	1,260	815	20	0
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	610	405	10	0
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction	1,300	875	15	0
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	295	225	0	0
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	695	405	15	0
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	310	240	10	0
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	580	495	10	0
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	80	50	0	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	50	40	10	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	455	405	0	0
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	780	435	10	10
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	90	65	0	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	180	100	0	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	335	170	10	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	175	105	0	10
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 141	34,105	23,265	445	125
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	130	80	0	0
111 - 112 Farms^Footnote 142	110	60	0	0
113 Forestry and logging	0	0	0	0
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping	0	0	0	0
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry	25	20	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	60	45	0	0
211 Oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas)	30	25	0	0
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction	25	20	0	0
22 Utilities	195	130	10	0
221 Utilities	195	130	10	0
23 Construction	2,395	1,660	35	0
236 Construction of buildings	780	550	20	0
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction	175	155	0	0
238 Specialty trade contractors	1,440	965	10	10
31-33 Manufacturing	2,815	1,685	45	10
311 Food manufacturing	300	190	0	0
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	75	70	0	0
313 Textile mills	10	10	0	0
314 Textile product mills	10	15	0	0
315 Clothing manufacturing	50	15	0	0
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing	0	0	0	0
321 Wood product manufacturing	50	25	0	0
322 Paper manufacturing	30	25	0	0
323 Printing and related support activities	185	125	0	0
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing	10	10	0	0
325 Chemical manufacturing	230	135	10	0
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	115	70	0	0
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing	85	60	0	0
331 Primary metal manufacturing	35	30	0	0
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing	185	105	0	0
333 Machinery manufacturing	230	150	0	0
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing	195	85	10	0
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing	40	25	0	0
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing	610	365	0	10
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing	165	80	0	0
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing	205	110	10	0
41 Wholesale trade	1,900	1,300	45	10
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers	10	0	0	0
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers	15	15	0	0
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers	235	130	10	0
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers	315	215	10	0
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers	105	65	0	0
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers	270	200	10	0
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	670	465	20	0
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers	215	160	0	0
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers	70	45	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	4,065	2,975	20	30
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers	480	310	0	10
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores	150	120	0	0
443 Electronics and appliance stores	195	140	0	0
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	335	250	0	0
445 Food and beverage stores	985	735	10	10
446 Health and personal care stores	370	225	0	10
447 Gasoline stations	35	20	0	0
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores	490	375	10	0
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores	225	190	0	0
452 General merchandise stores	425	310	10	0
453 Miscellaneous store retailers	240	185	0	0
454 Non-store retailers	130	95	0	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,065	625	15	0
481 Air transportation	95	50	0	0
482 Rail transportation	55	35	0	0
483 Water transportation	0	0	0	0
484 Truck transportation	220	100	10	0
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation	305	200	0	0
486 Pipeline transportation	10	10	0	0
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation	0	0	0	0
488 Support activities for transportation	150	95	10	0
491 Postal service	80	50	0	0
492 Couriers and messengers	80	40	10	0
493 Warehousing and storage	75	50	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	1,040	760	10	0
511 Publishing industries (except Internet)	295	220	0	0
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries	140	110	0	0
515 Broadcasting (except Internet)	80	60	0	0
517 Telecommunications	265	170	0	0
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services	105	65	0	0
519 Other information services	150	130	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	2,615	1,600	15	10
521 Monetary authorities - central bank	10	0	0	0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities	1,195	660	0	10
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities	465	285	0	0
524 Insurance carriers and related activities	935	645	10	10
526 Funds and other financial vehicles	15	10	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	1,055	630	25	0
531 Real estate	960	555	20	0
532 Rental and leasing services	85	65	0	0
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	0	10	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	3,625	2,405	40	20
541 Professional, scientific and technical services	3,630	2,400	40	20
55 Management of companies and enterprises	155	95	0	0
551 Management of companies and enterprises	155	95	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,410	1,005	25	10
561 Administrative and support services	1,350	960	25	0
562 Waste management and remediation services	60	45	0	0
61 Educational services	3,255	2,475	60	20
611 Educational services	3,255	2,480	55	15
62 Health care and social assistance	2,615	1,755	20	10
621 Ambulatory health care services	1,080	720	0	0
622 Hospitals	620	445	0	0
623 Nursing and residential care facilities	355	215	10	0
624 Social assistance	555	375	0	0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	955	770	10	0
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries	185	140	0	0
712 Heritage institutions	30	20	0	0
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries	740	605	10	0
72 Accommodation and food services	1,870	1,275	25	10
721 Accommodation services	160	130	0	0
722 Food services and drinking places	1,710	1,140	25	10
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,350	790	15	0
811 Repair and maintenance	390	205	10	0
812 Personal and laundry services	450	295	0	0
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations	355	250	0	0
814 Private households	155	40	0	0
91 Public administration	1,535	1,200	30	0
911 Federal government public administration	235	190	10	0
912 Provincial and territorial public administration	265	175	10	0
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration	1,040	840	10	0
914 Aboriginal public administration	0	0	0	0
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration	0	0	0	0
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 143	30,015	20,075	415	115
Worked at home	2,910	1,885	55	10
Worked outside Canada	140	70	10	0
No fixed workplace address	3,100	1,980	50	0
Worked at usual place	23,865	16,140	310	100
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 144	34,105	23,265	445	125
English	32,930	23,110	375	110
French	125	50	35	10
Non-official language	520	0	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	520	10	0	0
English and French	125	60	35	15
English and non-official language	390	35	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15	0	0	0
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 145	34,110	23,265	445	130
None	31,905	22,800	325	105
English	310	45	15	10
French	500	290	95	20
Non-official language	1,340	115	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,340	120	0	0
English and French	10	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	45	0	10	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	23,870	16,140	310	105
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	5,720	4,220	105	25
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	9,715	6,550	115	40
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	8,350	5,305	85	35
Commute to a different province or territory	80	70	0	0
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 146	26,965	18,120	360	100
Car, truck, van - as a driver	21,040	14,185	270	70
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,770	1,255	25	15
Public transit	2,995	1,830	50	10
Walked	895	675	10	0
Bicycle	90	55	10	0
Other method	190	120	10	0
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 147	26,965	18,120	365	100
Less than 15 minutes	5,780	4,380	90	30
15 to 29 minutes	5,745	3,945	90	20
30 to 44 minutes	5,820	3,815	60	20
45 to 59 minutes	3,885	2,540	30	15
60 minutes and over	5,740	3,430	100	20
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 148	26,965	18,120	360	100
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,695	1,195	40	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	4,880	3,210	65	10
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	7,820	5,380	125	35
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	5,515	3,665	45	20
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	3,535	2,090	50	0
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	3,520	2,585	35	25
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 149	54,190	37,710	705	195
Non-movers	47,315	34,205	640	155
Movers	6,880	3,510	65	35
Non-migrants	2,155	1,365	30	20
Migrants	4,725	2,145	35	15
Internal migrants	4,260	2,020	35	15
Intraprovincial migrants	4,105	1,950	20	15
Interprovincial migrants	155	75	15	0
External migrants	465	125	0	0
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 150	52,015	36,095	705	185
Non-movers	33,745	25,765	450	110
Movers	18,275	10,330	255	75
Non-migrants	6,020	4,160	140	35
Migrants	12,255	6,170	115	45
Internal migrants	10,190	5,740	110	40
Intraprovincial migrants	9,845	5,545	70	35
Interprovincial migrants	345	190	40	0
External migrants	2,065	435	0	0

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

Language groups are defined as follows: 'English' includes respondents who reported English only or English and one non-official language; 'French' includes respondents who reported French only or French and one non-official language; 'English and French' includes respondents who reported English and French, with or without one non-official language.

The 'Total - Mother tongue' category includes all groups mentioned in note 1 as well as respondents who reported a non-official language as their only mother tongue.

Footnote 2

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Footnote 3

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 4

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 5

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 6

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 7

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 8

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 9

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 10

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 11

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 12

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 13

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 14

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 15

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 16

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 17

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 18

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 19

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 20

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 21

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

Footnote 22

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 23

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 24

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 25

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 26

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 27

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 28

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 29

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 30

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 31

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 32

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 33

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 34

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 35

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 36

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 37

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 38

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

Footnote 39

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 40

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Footnote 41

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Footnote 42

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 43

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Footnote 44

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 45

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 46

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Footnote 47

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 48

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 49

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 50

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 51

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Footnote 52

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 53

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 54

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 55

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 56

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 57

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 58

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 59

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 60

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 61

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 62

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 63

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 64

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 65

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 66

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 67

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 68

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 69

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 70

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 71

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 72

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 73

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 74

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 75

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 76

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 77

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Footnote 78

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 79

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 80

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Footnote 81

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Footnote 82

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Footnote 83

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 84

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 85

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Footnote 86

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Footnote 87

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Footnote 88

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 89

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 90

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 91

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 94

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Footnote 96

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 97

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Footnote 98

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 99

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Footnote 100

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 101

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Footnote 102

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 103

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Footnote 107

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 108

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Footnote 109

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 110

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Footnote 111

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 112

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Footnote 114

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Footnote 116

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Footnote 118

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 119

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 120

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Footnote 121

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Footnote 122

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 123

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Footnote 124

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 125

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Footnote 127

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Footnote 128

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Footnote 129

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 130

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 131

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Footnote 132

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 133

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 134

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 135

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 136

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Footnote 137

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Footnote 138

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Footnote 139

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Footnote 140

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Footnote 141

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

Footnote 142

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

Footnote 143

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 144

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 145

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 146

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Footnote 147

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

Footnote 148

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

Footnote 149

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 150

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Data quality note(s) – Aurora, T

• Incomplete enumeration flag
  Default. Not applicable.
• Long-form data quality flag
  Global non-response rate (GNR), long-form census questionnaire: 3.7%.
• Long-form income data quality flag
  Default. Data quality index showing a long-form income non-response rate lower than 10%.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016354.