Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984), First Official Language Spoken (6), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

• Age (8B): Total - Age
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , first official language spoken , age and sex for the population in private households in Oxford

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984)	First official language spoken (6)
	Total - First official language spoken	English	French	English and French	Neither English nor French	Official language minority (number)^Footnote 1
Population in private households - 25% sample data	109,155	107,680	910	155	410	980
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	109,155	107,685	905	155	410	985
0 to 14 years	19,705	19,400	75	50	175	105
0 to 4 years	6,580	6,415	10	0	145	15
5 to 9 years	6,495	6,410	45	20	25	50
10 to 14 years	6,630	6,575	20	25	10	35
15 to 64 years	70,090	69,315	600	90	80	645
15 to 19 years	6,785	6,710	15	45	10	40
20 to 24 years	6,325	6,280	25	20	0	35
25 to 29 years	6,335	6,270	55	0	10	55
30 to 34 years	6,610	6,545	60	0	0	65
35 to 39 years	6,535	6,440	60	15	15	70
40 to 44 years	6,660	6,555	90	0	10	90
45 to 49 years	6,970	6,890	70	0	10	70
50 to 54 years	8,445	8,350	75	10	10	80
55 to 59 years	8,210	8,125	70	0	10	70
60 to 64 years	7,215	7,125	75	0	10	75
65 years and over	19,365	18,970	230	15	155	235
65 to 69 years	6,545	6,430	85	10	15	95
70 to 74 years	4,665	4,590	55	0	20	55
75 to 79 years	3,705	3,640	40	0	25	45
80 to 84 years	2,345	2,275	30	0	45	30
85 years and over	2,105	2,030	10	10	50	15
85 to 89 years	1,490	1,450	10	0	35	10
90 to 94 years	515	490	0	0	15	10
95 to 99 years	90	85	0	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0
Average age	40.9	40.9	48.4	25.9	40.5	not applicable ...
Median age	41.8	41.7	49.5	17.6	39.5	not applicable ...
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 2	89,450	88,285	830	105	235	885
Married or living common law	56,235	55,480	585	30	145	600
Married	47,030	46,400	460	25	140	470
Living common law	9,210	9,075	125	0	10	125
Not married and not living common law	33,215	32,800	245	80	90	285
Never married	20,395	20,210	110	60	20	135
Separated	2,695	2,665	20	0	0	20
Divorced	5,055	5,005	40	10	0	45
Widowed	5,070	4,925	75	15	60	80
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 3	89,455	88,285	830	100	235	885
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	86,525	85,390	825	80	225	not applicable ...
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,553	43,564	48,683	31,861	24,872	not applicable ...
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,857	35,924	39,295	19,790	18,370	not applicable ...
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	86,535	85,405	825	80	225	not applicable ...
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,892	36,894	41,511	26,873	22,654	not applicable ...
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,587	32,626	34,904	18,766	18,370	not applicable ...
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	79,210	78,230	765	80	135	not applicable ...
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,217	41,226	45,116	26,989	21,800	not applicable ...
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,519	33,572	37,167	11,599	10,062	not applicable ...
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	60,645	59,795	575	65	205	not applicable ...
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,307	8,278	9,755	0	13,230	not applicable ...
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,781	6,727	10,688	0	15,610	not applicable ...
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	65,530	64,810	595	55	70	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,260	41,197	50,428	30,065	31,025	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,202	35,191	41,949	11,310	23,181	not applicable ...
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^Footnote 4	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	not applicable ...
Market income (%)^Footnote 5	86.6	86.7	85.9	84.7	50.6	not applicable ...
Employment income (%)^Footnote 6	71.7	71.8	74.7	61.1	36.0	not applicable ...
Government transfers (%)^Footnote 7	13.4	13.3	14.0	0.0	48.5	not applicable ...
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 8	89,450	88,280	825	100	235	880
Without total income	2,930	2,890	0	20	10	15
With total income	86,525	85,395	825	85	225	865
Percentage with total income	96.7	96.7	100.0	85.0	95.7	98.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	9,875	9,750	70	too unreliable to be published F	35	80
$10,000 to $19,999	14,140	13,890	115	too unreliable to be published F	110	130
$20,000 to $29,999	12,850	12,655	135	too unreliable to be published F	45	145
$30,000 to $39,999	10,790	10,665	105	too unreliable to be published F	15	110
$40,000 to $49,999	10,440	10,330	100	too unreliable to be published F	15	100
$50,000 to $59,999	8,350	8,285	60	too unreliable to be published F	0	60
$60,000 to $69,999	5,810	5,740	70	too unreliable to be published F	0	65
$70,000 to $79,999	3,700	3,650	45	too unreliable to be published F	10	45
$80,000 to $89,999	2,915	2,875	30	too unreliable to be published F	0	30
$90,000 to $99,999	2,720	2,675	40	too unreliable to be published F	0	40
$100,000 and over	4,935	4,875	50	too unreliable to be published F	10	55
$100,000 to $149,999	3,845	3,805	30	too unreliable to be published F	10	35
$150,000 and over	1,090	1,070	20	too unreliable to be published F	0	25
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 9	89,455	88,280	830	105	230	880
Without after-tax income	2,915	2,875	10	20	10	15
With after-tax income	86,535	85,405	825	80	225	865
Percentage with after-tax income	96.7	96.7	99.4	76.2	97.8	98.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	10,175	10,045	75	too unreliable to be published F	35	85
$10,000 to $19,999	14,965	14,715	115	too unreliable to be published F	110	130
$20,000 to $29,999	14,755	14,535	155	too unreliable to be published F	45	165
$30,000 to $39,999	13,495	13,345	135	too unreliable to be published F	15	130
$40,000 to $49,999	12,245	12,140	90	too unreliable to be published F	10	95
$50,000 to $59,999	7,330	7,235	85	too unreliable to be published F	10	90
$60,000 to $69,999	4,915	4,850	60	too unreliable to be published F	0	65
$70,000 to $79,999	3,930	3,870	60	too unreliable to be published F	0	60
$80,000 and over	4,720	4,665	45	too unreliable to be published F	0	45
$80,000 to $89,999	1,890	1,885	10	too unreliable to be published F	0	10
$90,000 to $99,999	985	975	10	too unreliable to be published F	0	10
$100,000 and over	1,845	1,805	25	too unreliable to be published F	0	30
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 10	89,450	88,280	830	105	230	880
Without employment income	23,920	23,470	235	50	170	260
With employment income	65,530	64,810	590	55	70	620
Percentage with employment income	73.3	73.4	71.1	52.4	30.4	70.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	9,260	9,135	90	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	95
$5,000 to $9,999	5,110	5,065	25	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	35
$10,000 to $19,999	8,190	8,120	45	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	55
$20,000 to $29,999	6,710	6,625	55	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	65
$30,000 to $39,999	6,815	6,755	60	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	60
$40,000 to $49,999	7,525	7,450	70	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	70
$50,000 to $59,999	6,165	6,125	35	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	40
$60,000 to $69,999	4,210	4,155	50	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	50
$70,000 to $79,999	2,820	2,775	40	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	40
$80,000 and over	8,735	8,610	115	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	115
$80,000 to $89,999	2,490	2,455	40	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	40
$90,000 to $99,999	2,450	2,410	40	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	40
$100,000 and over	3,795	3,745	40	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	45
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 11	89,450	88,285	830	105	235	880
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 12	35,160	34,790	335	0	20	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 13	50,876	50,830	60,527	0	0	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 14	57,230	57,181	64,352	0	0	not applicable ...
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 15	109,155	107,680	905	155	410	985
English only	104,170	104,170	0	0	0	0
French only	10	0	10	0	0	0
English and French	4,545	3,500	895	155	0	970
Neither English nor French	425	20	0	0	410	0
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 16	109,155	107,680	905	155	410	985
English	104,410	103,715	690	0	0	690
French	210	20	190	0	0	190
Non-official language	3,090	2,580	0	100	410	50
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	3,090	2,575	0	105	410	50
English and French	130	60	20	45	0	40
English and non-official language	1,315	1,310	10	0	0	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	0	0	10	0	0
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 17	109,155	107,685	910	155	410	985
None	103,830	102,835	545	55	395	570
English	1,255	1,095	90	55	20	120
French	765	495	270	0	0	270
Non-official language	3,220	3,195	0	30	0	15
Aboriginal	20	25	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	3,205	3,170	0	35	0	15
English and French	15	0	0	15	0	0
English and non-official language	0	10	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	65	60	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Mother tongue for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 18	109,155	107,685	905	150	410	985
English	97,535	97,540	0	0	0	0
French	1,025	125	900	0	0	900
Non-official language	9,805	9,255	10	135	410	70
Aboriginal	25	25	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	9,780	9,230	0	135	410	70
English and French	135	120	0	15	0	10
English and non-official language	610	610	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	20	10	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	30	25	0	10	0	0
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 19	109,155	107,680	910	155	410	980
Official languages	108,725	107,665	910	150	0	985
English	108,710	107,665	895	150	0	970
French	4,560	3,500	905	150	0	980
Non-official languages	11,985	11,395	40	135	410	110
Aboriginal languages	45	45	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	11,940	11,350	35	140	410	110
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 20	109,155	107,680	905	155	410	985
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 21	2,050	1,965	85	0	0	85
Single Aboriginal responses^Footnote 22	1,940	1,860	80	0	0	80
First Nations (North American Indian)^Footnote 23	1,200	1,180	15	10	0	15
Métis	740	670	65	0	0	65
Inuk (Inuit)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^Footnote 24	40	40	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^Footnote 25	70	65	0	0	0	10
Non-Aboriginal identity	107,100	105,720	825	150	410	900
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 26	109,155	107,680	905	155	410	980
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 27	625	595	30	0	0	25
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	108,530	107,090	880	155	415	960
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 28	109,155	107,685	905	155	410	985
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 29	320	315	10	0	0	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 30	300	295	10	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^Footnote 31	245	240	0	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	45	40	10	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	10	15	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^Footnote 32	20	20	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	15	15	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 33	3,220	3,065	150	10	10	150
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 34	3,125	2,970	145	10	10	145
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,360	2,245	100	0	0	105
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	715	675	40	0	0	40
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	45	50	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 35	100	95	0	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	100	95	0	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 36	105,615	104,305	755	150	405	830
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 37	109,155	107,685	910	150	410	985
Canadian citizens^Footnote 38	106,810	105,445	905	125	335	975
Canadian citizens only	105,095	103,805	900	90	305	945
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	1,715	1,640	10	40	30	30
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 39	2,345	2,245	0	25	80	15
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 40	109,155	107,685	910	155	410	985
Non-immigrants^Footnote 41	98,090	96,940	870	95	185	920
Immigrants^Footnote 42	10,785	10,515	40	50	190	60
Before 1981	6,045	5,880	25	10	130	25
1981 to 1990	1,395	1,375	0	0	20	0
1991 to 2000	1,470	1,435	0	10	20	15
2001 to 2010	1,355	1,320	10	15	10	15
2001 to 2005	735	715	0	10	0	10
2006 to 2010	620	600	0	0	10	10
2011 to 2016^Footnote 43	520	495	0	10	10	10
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 44	280	230	0	15	35	0
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 45	10,785	10,515	40	50	190	60
Under 5 years	1,650	1,645	0	10	0	0
5 to 14 years	2,835	2,800	15	10	10	20
15 to 24 years	2,670	2,610	15	10	35	15
25 to 44 years	3,195	3,085	10	20	80	15
45 years and over	440	375	0	0	65	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 46	10,785	10,515	35	45	190	60
Americas	1,720	1,695	10	10	10	10
Brazil	30	30	0	0	0	0
Colombia	80	75	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	30	20	0	0	10	0
Guyana	70	75	0	0	0	0
Haiti	10	0	10	0	0	0
Jamaica	155	150	0	0	0	0
Mexico	450	450	0	0	0	0
Peru	25	25	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	60	60	0	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 47	620	615	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	195	190	0	0	10	0
Europe	7,685	7,485	20	40	130	45
Bosnia and Herzegovina	45	45	0	0	0	0
Croatia	60	60	0	0	0	0
France	30	15	20	0	0	20
Germany	580	575	0	0	0	10
Greece	75	75	0	0	10	0
Hungary	240	225	0	0	10	0
Ireland^Footnote 48	80	75	0	0	0	0
Italy	245	230	0	0	10	0
Netherlands	2,385	2,350	0	20	15	10
Poland	505	480	0	0	25	0
Portugal	400	350	0	0	50	0
Romania	190	175	0	10	10	10
Russian Federation	45	45	0	0	0	0
Serbia^Footnote 49	45	45	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	35	25	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 50	2,115	2,115	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	615	595	10	0	0	10
Africa	195	195	0	0	0	10
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	15	15	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	10	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	45	45	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	50	55	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	70	65	0	0	0	10
Asia	1,175	1,125	10	0	40	0
Afghanistan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	15	20	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 51	60	60	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 52	10	10	0	0	0	0
India	255	250	0	0	10	0
Iran^Footnote 53	10	10	0	0	0	0
Iraq	10	10	0	0	0	0
Japan	25	25	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 54	95	95	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	25	20	0	0	10	0
Pakistan	75	75	0	0	0	0
Philippines	215	210	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	10	10	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 55	10	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	130	115	0	0	15	0
Other places of birth in Asia	220	210	0	0	15	0
Oceania and other places of birth^Footnote 56	15	15	0	0	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 57	515	500	0	10	10	10
Americas	210	200	0	10	0	0
Brazil	10	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	15	10	0	0	0	10
Cuba	0	10	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	55	50	0	0	0	0
Mexico	20	20	0	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 58	70	70	0	0	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 59	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	45	45	0	0	0	0
Europe	95	85	0	10	10	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 61	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	10	0	0	10	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 62	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	75	65	0	0	10	0
Africa	45	45	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	30	30	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	10	0	0	0	0
Asia	170	170	0	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	10	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 63	15	15	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 64	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	35	35	0	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 66	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	80	75	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 67	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	10	10	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 68	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 69	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 70	109,155	107,680	910	150	410	985
First generation^Footnote 71	11,465	11,130	40	60	240	65
Second generation^Footnote 72	19,620	19,405	60	80	80	100
Third generation or more^Footnote 73	78,070	77,150	810	15	95	820
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^Footnote 74	4,840	4,725	15	35	65	30
Economic immigrants^Footnote 75	2,485	2,440	0	15	15	15
Principal applicants^Footnote 76	730	705	0	10	10	10
Secondary applicants^Footnote 77	1,755	1,735	0	10	10	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^Footnote 78	1,695	1,645	0	10	30	10
Refugees^Footnote 79	615	590	0	10	10	10
Other immigrants^Footnote 80	45	45	0	0	0	0
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 81	109,155	107,680	910	155	410	985
Total visible minority population^Footnote 82	3,440	3,305	20	20	95	25
South Asian^Footnote 83	575	575	0	0	0	0
Chinese	200	180	0	15	10	0
Black	935	920	10	0	0	15
Filipino	365	360	0	0	0	0
Latin American	340	320	0	10	10	10
Arab	115	110	0	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^Footnote 84	385	365	0	0	20	0
West Asian^Footnote 85	35	25	0	0	0	10
Korean	155	145	0	0	10	0
Japanese	105	80	0	0	25	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 86	175	170	0	0	10	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 87	60	60	0	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^Footnote 88	105,715	104,380	890	135	310	960
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 89	109,155	107,685	910	155	410	980
North American Aboriginal origins	3,540	3,380	155	0	10	155
First Nations (North American Indian)	2,720	2,605	110	10	0	110
Inuit	70	65	0	0	0	0
Métis	870	820	50	0	0	50
Other North American origins	37,885	37,420	425	10	30	425
Acadian	55	50	10	0	0	10
American	1,485	1,460	10	0	15	10
Canadian	36,945	36,500	410	0	30	410
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	45	45	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	20	20	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	10	15	0	0	0	0
Québécois	50	45	10	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 90	10	10	0	0	0	0
European origins	88,175	87,025	695	135	325	760
British Isles origins	59,575	59,365	165	10	30	170
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	25	20	0	0	0	0
English	38,665	38,565	70	10	15	75
Irish	20,850	20,720	105	0	20	110
Manx	25	25	0	0	0	0
Scottish	26,495	26,445	40	0	10	40
Welsh	1,915	1,915	10	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 91	3,275	3,275	0	0	10	0
French origins	9,425	8,800	615	15	0	620
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	9,425	8,800	610	15	0	620
Western European origins (except French origins)	37,205	36,920	50	60	170	80
Austrian	425	425	0	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	3,095	3,050	30	15	0	35
Dutch	15,865	15,755	0	50	55	30
Flemish	85	85	0	0	0	0
Frisian	175	175	0	0	0	0
German	20,470	20,310	10	40	105	35
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	945	890	0	0	50	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 92	10	15	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,730	1,715	15	0	0	10
Danish	480	475	0	0	0	0
Finnish	240	240	0	0	0	10
Icelandic	75	75	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	450	450	0	0	0	0
Swedish	460	465	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 93	90	90	0	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	9,975	9,855	20	55	50	40
Bulgarian	50	55	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Czech	165	165	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^Footnote 94	175	180	0	0	0	0
Estonian	65	65	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	2,915	2,900	0	10	10	0
Latvian	35	35	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	215	220	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	3,575	3,495	15	35	25	35
Romanian	545	530	0	15	0	10
Russian	945	940	0	0	0	0
Slovak	250	250	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	2,110	2,100	0	0	10	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 95	40	35	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	6,250	6,135	0	20	100	15
Albanian	15	20	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	40	40	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	275	270	0	0	0	10
Cypriot	90	80	0	0	10	0
Greek	535	515	0	0	20	0
Italian	2,975	2,945	0	10	15	10
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	45	45	0	0	0	0
Maltese	160	160	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	10	10	0	10	0	0
Portuguese	1,545	1,495	0	0	55	0
Serbian	130	125	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	105	110	0	0	0	0
Spanish	535	525	0	0	15	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^Footnote 96	210	205	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 97	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	330	330	0	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	95	90	0	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^Footnote 98	25	25	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 99	205	210	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	855	835	10	0	10	10
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	60	60	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	50	45	0	0	0	0
Dominican	15	15	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	20	20	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Jamaican	495	485	0	10	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	10	10	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	85	90	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	30	30	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^Footnote 100	110	110	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 101	35	35	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	1,190	1,180	0	10	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	45	45	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	15	20	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	30	30	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	140	130	0	10	0	10
Costa Rican	25	25	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	20	20	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	130	130	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	10	0	0	0	0
Mexican	650	650	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	60	65	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	50	50	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	15	20	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 102	10	10	0	0	0	0
African origins	380	370	10	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	80	80	0	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	10	15	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	35	30	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	30	30	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 103	0	10	0	0	0	0
North African origins	40	40	0	0	0	10
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	25	30	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 104	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	100	100	0	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	10	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^Footnote 105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	10	15	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	60	60	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 106	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	165	160	0	0	0	10
Black, n.o.s.^Footnote 107	20	20	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 108	145	140	0	0	0	0
Asian origins	2,390	2,280	10	10	80	15
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	360	350	0	0	15	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^Footnote 109	60	60	0	0	0	0
Armenian	35	30	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	25	20	0	0	10	0
Iraqi	30	30	0	0	0	0
Israeli	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	10	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	155	145	0	0	0	0
Palestinian	25	25	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	40	40	0	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 110	15	15	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	600	595	10	0	0	10
Bangladeshi	15	15	0	0	0	0
Bengali	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	450	445	0	0	0	0
Goan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	10	0	0	0
Pakistani	115	115	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	15	15	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 111	20	15	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,395	1,305	10	10	70	10
Burmese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	40	40	0	0	0	0
Chinese	270	250	0	10	15	10
Filipino	405	405	0	0	0	0
Hmong	20	20	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	65	65	0	0	0	0
Japanese	165	130	0	0	25	0
Karen	15	15	0	0	0	0
Korean	160	145	0	0	15	0
Laotian	45	45	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	15	20	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	15	10	0	0	0	0
Thai	30	25	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	235	220	0	0	20	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 112	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	45	40	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 113	45	45	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	95	90	0	0	0	0
Australian	75	75	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	20	20	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^Footnote 114	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 116	89,455	88,280	830	105	235	885
No certificate, diploma or degree	20,995	20,660	160	40	130	185
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^Footnote 117	27,955	27,650	240	15	55	250
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	40,500	39,975	425	50	50	445
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	6,995	6,925	60	0	10	60
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 118	3,110	3,075	30	0	10	30
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 119	3,885	3,855	30	0	10	30
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	22,040	21,850	155	0	35	160
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,295	1,260	25	10	0	30
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	10,170	9,940	180	40	0	205
Bachelor's degree	7,545	7,390	120	30	0	140
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	650	625	25	0	0	25
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	280	280	0	0	0	0
Master's degree	1,495	1,455	35	0	0	35
Earned doctorate^Footnote 120	200	195	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 121	89,455	88,285	825	105	235	885
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 122	48,950	48,305	405	55	185	430
Education	2,295	2,195	95	10	0	95
13. Education	2,295	2,195	90	10	0	95
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,285	1,260	20	0	0	20
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	265	260	10	0	0	10
50. Visual and performing arts	1,020	1,000	15	0	0	20
Humanities	1,565	1,545	15	10	0	20
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	80	70	10	0	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	405	405	0	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	375	370	0	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^Footnote 123	15	10	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	85	85	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	260	260	0	0	0	0
54. History	285	280	10	0	0	10
55. French language and literature/letters	70	55	10	10	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,995	3,940	50	0	10	50
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	25	20	10	0	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	290	285	0	0	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,370	1,370	0	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	480	470	0	0	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^Footnote 124	105	105	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	545	535	10	10	0	10
45. Social sciences	1,175	1,150	20	0	10	20
Business, management and public administration	6,850	6,775	60	10	0	65
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	15	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	745	740	10	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	6,085	6,015	55	15	10	60
Physical and life sciences and technologies	950	920	20	0	10	20
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	450	430	20	0	0	20
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	150	150	0	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^Footnote 125	15	10	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	210	215	0	0	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	120	120	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,090	1,085	0	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	840	840	0	0	0	0
25. Library science	75	75	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	165	160	0	0	0	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^Footnote 126	10	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	9,630	9,525	85	10	20	85
04. Architecture and related services	200	190	0	0	0	0
14. Engineering	725	720	0	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,250	2,225	20	0	0	20
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,995	1,980	15	0	0	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,810	2,780	25	0	10	25
48. Precision production	1,645	1,630	20	0	0	20
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	2,060	2,040	15	0	0	15
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	1,715	1,705	10	0	0	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	340	340	10	0	0	0
Health and related fields	7,365	7,300	45	10	15	45
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	620	615	0	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	6,695	6,640	45	0	10	45
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	50	50	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,390	3,360	20	0	0	25
12. Personal and culinary services	1,735	1,720	10	0	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	25	25	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	970	970	0	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	670	650	10	0	0	15
Other	35	35	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	35	30	0	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 127	89,450	88,280	830	105	235	880
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	48,955	48,310	405	55	185	430
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 128	40,500	39,975	425	45	50	450
Location of study inside Canada	37,645	37,180	425	25	15	435
Same as province or territory of residence	36,175	35,795	340	20	15	350
Different than province or territory of residence	1,475	1,395	85	0	0	85
Location of study outside Canada^Footnote 129	2,855	2,795	0	25	35	15
United States^Footnote 130	750	750	0	0	0	0
Philippines	120	120	0	0	0	0
India	65	65	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 131	520	520	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 132	15	20	0	0	0	0
France	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other	1,370	1,315	0	25	35	15
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^Footnote 133	89,450	88,285	830	105	230	not applicable ...
In the labour force	59,685	59,025	545	80	30	not applicable ...
Employed	56,840	56,205	525	80	30	not applicable ...
Unemployed	2,850	2,820	25	0	0	not applicable ...
Not in the labour force	29,765	29,255	285	25	200	not applicable ...
Participation rate	66.7	66.9	65.7	76.2	13.0	not applicable ...
Employment rate	63.5	63.7	63.3	76.2	13.0	not applicable ...
Unemployment rate	4.8	4.8	4.6	0.0	0.0	not applicable ...
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^Footnote 134	89,455	88,280	830	105	235	885
Did not work^Footnote 135	27,395	26,885	280	25	205	295
Worked	62,055	61,395	550	80	30	590
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 136	35,890	35,515	335	15	25	350
Worked part year and/or part time^Footnote 137	26,165	25,885	210	65	10	245
Average weeks worked in reference year	44.4	44.4	44.1	41.4	49.9	not applicable ...
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 138	63,465	62,790	560	85	30	600
a.Management	7,035	6,980	40	15	0	50
00 Senior management occupations	390	385	0	0	0	0
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	1,340	1,320	15	0	0	10
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	2,160	2,130	20	15	0	25
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	3,150	3,145	10	0	0	0
b.Professional	6,160	6,020	125	10	0	130
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	975	965	10	0	0	10
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	985	975	10	0	0	15
30 Professional occupations in nursing	970	965	0	0	0	0
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	485	480	10	0	0	0
40 Professional occupations in education services	1,600	1,500	85	10	0	90
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	885	885	0	0	0	10
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	260	250	10	0	0	10
c.Technical and paraprofessional	4,930	4,890	40	10	0	40
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	1,375	1,360	15	0	0	15
32 Technical occupations in health	1,175	1,170	10	0	0	10
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	1,055	1,055	0	0	0	0
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	410	410	0	0	0	0
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	920	905	10	10	0	15
d.Administration and administrative support	6,960	6,890	55	10	0	65
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	2,430	2,410	20	0	0	20
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	775	770	10	0	0	0
14 Office support occupations	2,275	2,255	20	0	0	20
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	1,475	1,455	10	10	0	15
e.Sales	5,775	5,725	40	10	0	40
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	1,315	1,285	25	10	0	25
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade	2,495	2,480	15	0	10	15
66 Sales support occupations	1,970	1,965	0	0	0	0
f.Personal and customer information services	10,065	9,960	95	10	0	100
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	1,085	1,090	0	0	0	0
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	1,150	1,125	25	0	0	25
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	1,580	1,565	10	0	0	10
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	2,100	2,070	25	0	0	25
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	4,150	4,105	35	10	0	40
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades	6,140	6,090	35	0	0	35
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	3,655	3,640	20	0	0	20
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	2,480	2,450	15	0	10	20
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction	6,015	5,970	35	0	10	35
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	1,555	1,530	20	0	0	20
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	3,480	3,475	10	0	0	10
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	980	970	10	0	10	10
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	2,410	2,380	10	25	0	20
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	235	225	10	0	0	10
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	1,520	1,500	0	25	0	10
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	650	650	0	0	0	0
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	7,980	7,885	85	0	10	85
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	940	925	10	0	0	10
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	1,220	1,200	15	0	0	15
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	4,210	4,155	45	0	10	45
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	1,615	1,605	15	0	0	15
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 139	63,465	62,795	560	85	30	600
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	4,055	4,030	0	25	0	10
111 - 112 Farms^Footnote 140	3,850	3,825	0	30	0	15
113 Forestry and logging	45	45	0	0	0	0
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping	10	10	0	0	0	0
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry	155	155	0	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	175	165	10	0	0	10
211 Oil and gas extraction	40	35	10	0	0	0
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas)	115	110	10	0	0	0
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction	15	20	0	0	0	0
22 Utilities	305	300	10	0	0	10
221 Utilities	305	300	0	0	0	10
23 Construction	4,605	4,575	30	0	10	30
236 Construction of buildings	1,205	1,195	10	0	0	10
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction	430	420	10	0	10	10
238 Specialty trade contractors	2,970	2,955	15	0	0	15
31-33 Manufacturing	13,320	13,175	120	10	15	125
311 Food manufacturing	1,585	1,550	20	10	10	25
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	75	80	0	0	0	0
313 Textile mills	45	40	0	0	0	0
314 Textile product mills	85	85	0	0	0	0
315 Clothing manufacturing	10	10	0	0	0	0
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing	15	15	0	0	0	0
321 Wood product manufacturing	190	190	0	0	0	0
322 Paper manufacturing	140	145	0	0	0	0
323 Printing and related support activities	160	155	0	0	0	0
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing	10	0	0	0	0	0
325 Chemical manufacturing	230	230	0	0	0	0
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	700	690	0	0	0	10
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing	515	520	0	0	0	0
331 Primary metal manufacturing	440	440	0	0	0	10
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing	1,190	1,170	10	0	0	10
333 Machinery manufacturing	1,010	1,000	10	0	10	10
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing	155	145	0	0	0	10
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing	110	110	0	0	0	0
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing	6,000	5,940	55	0	0	55
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing	230	230	0	0	0	0
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing	435	435	0	0	0	0
41 Wholesale trade	2,605	2,565	30	0	0	30
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers	90	80	0	0	0	0
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers	40	45	0	0	0	0
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers	350	355	0	0	0	0
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers	115	110	0	0	0	10
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers	385	375	0	10	0	10
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers	410	410	0	0	0	0
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	775	770	0	0	0	0
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers	360	355	0	0	0	0
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers	70	65	0	0	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	6,795	6,735	50	10	0	55
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers	1,090	1,085	0	0	0	10
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores	200	200	0	0	0	0
443 Electronics and appliance stores	170	175	0	0	0	0
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	655	645	10	0	0	10
445 Food and beverage stores	1,720	1,720	0	0	0	0
446 Health and personal care stores	575	570	10	0	0	0
447 Gasoline stations	230	225	10	0	0	10
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores	375	370	10	0	0	10
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores	195	185	0	10	0	0
452 General merchandise stores	885	875	10	0	0	10
453 Miscellaneous store retailers	490	485	10	0	0	10
454 Non-store retailers	205	205	0	0	0	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	3,765	3,755	10	0	0	10
481 Air transportation	90	90	0	0	0	0
482 Rail transportation	85	90	0	0	0	0
483 Water transportation	0	10	0	0	0	0
484 Truck transportation	2,075	2,065	10	0	0	10
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation	515	515	0	0	0	0
486 Pipeline transportation	0	10	0	0	0	0
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation	0	0	0	0	0	0
488 Support activities for transportation	405	405	0	0	0	0
491 Postal service	210	205	0	0	0	0
492 Couriers and messengers	150	150	0	0	0	0
493 Warehousing and storage	225	225	0	0	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	690	670	20	0	0	20
511 Publishing industries (except Internet)	180	175	0	0	0	0
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries	70	65	0	0	0	10
515 Broadcasting (except Internet)	45	40	0	0	0	0
517 Telecommunications	250	240	10	0	0	15
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services	15	10	0	0	0	0
519 Other information services	140	135	0	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	1,875	1,865	15	0	0	15
521 Monetary authorities - central bank	0	0	0	0	0	0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities	780	780	10	0	0	0
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities	150	155	0	0	0	0
524 Insurance carriers and related activities	940	930	10	0	0	10
526 Funds and other financial vehicles	10	10	0	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	800	785	0	0	0	10
531 Real estate	580	575	10	0	0	0
532 Rental and leasing services	220	210	0	10	0	0
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	0	0	0	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,260	2,250	0	0	0	10
541 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,260	2,255	10	0	0	10
55 Management of companies and enterprises	40	35	0	0	0	0
551 Management of companies and enterprises	40	35	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,535	2,495	35	0	0	35
561 Administrative and support services	2,400	2,365	40	0	0	40
562 Waste management and remediation services	135	135	0	0	0	0
61 Educational services	3,100	2,970	120	10	0	125
611 Educational services	3,095	2,970	120	15	0	120
62 Health care and social assistance	6,330	6,290	35	0	10	35
621 Ambulatory health care services	1,790	1,775	10	0	0	10
622 Hospitals	1,670	1,655	15	0	0	10
623 Nursing and residential care facilities	1,575	1,570	0	0	0	0
624 Social assistance	1,295	1,280	10	0	10	10
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,155	1,140	10	0	0	15
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries	225	215	0	0	0	10
712 Heritage institutions	40	40	0	0	0	0
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries	890	885	0	0	0	10
72 Accommodation and food services	4,065	4,025	20	10	10	25
721 Accommodation services	335	330	0	0	10	10
722 Food services and drinking places	3,725	3,700	20	10	0	25
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,795	2,770	20	0	10	20
811 Repair and maintenance	1,200	1,185	10	0	10	0
812 Personal and laundry services	725	715	10	0	0	0
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations	685	680	10	0	0	10
814 Private households	185	190	0	0	0	0
91 Public administration	2,210	2,190	10	10	0	15
911 Federal government public administration	465	455	10	0	0	10
912 Provincial and territorial public administration	370	370	0	0	0	0
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration	1,365	1,360	0	10	0	10
914 Aboriginal public administration	10	0	0	0	0	0
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 141	56,840	56,205	525	85	30	565
Worked at home	4,805	4,740	45	15	10	50
Worked outside Canada	175	165	10	0	0	10
No fixed workplace address	5,735	5,690	40	0	0	45
Worked at usual place	46,125	45,610	430	60	25	460
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 142	63,465	62,790	560	85	30	600
English	62,810	62,275	450	70	20	485
French	185	75	100	10	0	100
Non-official language	285	270	0	0	10	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	280	270	0	0	10	0
English and French	45	35	10	0	0	10
English and non-official language	140	130	0	10	0	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	10	0	0	0	0
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 143	63,465	62,790	555	85	30	600
None	62,025	61,555	395	70	10	430
English	265	225	35	0	0	35
French	435	295	120	15	0	130
Non-official language	725	705	0	0	10	10
Aboriginal	10	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	725	705	10	0	15	10
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	15	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	46,125	45,610	430	60	25	455
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	19,790	19,580	160	40	20	175
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	11,345	11,205	115	15	10	125
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	14,915	14,755	150	10	0	150
Commute to a different province or territory	80	70	10	0	0	10
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 144	51,860	51,300	470	60	25	505
Car, truck, van - as a driver	44,390	43,915	410	55	15	435
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	3,730	3,680	35	10	10	35
Public transit	460	455	10	0	0	10
Walked	2,505	2,485	20	0	0	20
Bicycle	305	300	0	10	0	10
Other method	460	460	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 145	51,860	51,300	470	65	25	500
Less than 15 minutes	21,570	21,365	155	30	20	170
15 to 29 minutes	15,085	14,920	140	20	0	150
30 to 44 minutes	8,865	8,730	125	10	0	130
45 to 59 minutes	3,835	3,800	30	0	0	30
60 minutes and over	2,510	2,480	25	0	10	25
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 146	51,865	51,300	475	65	25	505
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	5,650	5,595	45	0	10	45
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	11,030	10,945	65	0	10	75
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	12,620	12,435	165	15	10	170
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	8,385	8,300	80	10	0	85
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	3,530	3,490	35	0	0	35
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	10,645	10,525	85	30	0	100
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 147	107,895	106,440	905	155	395	985
Non-movers	94,710	93,480	765	135	335	830
Movers	13,185	12,965	145	20	55	155
Non-migrants	6,350	6,280	60	0	10	65
Migrants	6,835	6,685	80	10	55	90
Internal migrants	6,590	6,485	80	10	0	85
Intraprovincial migrants	6,335	6,250	65	15	10	70
Interprovincial migrants	255	235	15	0	0	20
External migrants	250	195	0	0	50	0
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 148	102,575	101,270	895	150	265	970
Non-movers	65,600	64,890	480	65	170	515
Movers	36,975	36,380	410	85	95	455
Non-migrants	17,240	17,055	145	15	25	150
Migrants	19,735	19,330	265	75	65	305
Internal migrants	18,930	18,585	265	60	20	295
Intraprovincial migrants	18,150	17,835	240	60	20	265
Interprovincial migrants	780	750	30	0	0	30
External migrants	805	740	0	15	45	10

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 2

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Footnote 3

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 4

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 5

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 6

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 7

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 8

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 9

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 10

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 11

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 12

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 13

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 14

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 15

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 16

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 17

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 18

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 19

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

Footnote 20

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 21

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 22

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 23

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 24

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 25

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 26

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 27

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 28

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 29

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 30

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 31

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 32

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 33

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 34

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 35

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 36

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

Footnote 37

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 38

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Footnote 39

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Footnote 40

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 41

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Footnote 42

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 43

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 44

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Footnote 45

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 46

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 47

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 48

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 49

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Footnote 50

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 51

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 52

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 53

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 54

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 55

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 56

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 57

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 58

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 59

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 60

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 61

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 62

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 63

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 64

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 65

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 66

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 67

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 68

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 69

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 70

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 71

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 72

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 73

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 74

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 75

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Footnote 76

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 77

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 78

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Footnote 79

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Footnote 80

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Footnote 81

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 82

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 83

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Footnote 84

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Footnote 85

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Footnote 86

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 87

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 88

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 89

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 90

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Footnote 91

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Footnote 94

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Footnote 96

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 97

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Footnote 98

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 99

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Footnote 100

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 101

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Footnote 102

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Footnote 103

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Footnote 105

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Footnote 107

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 108

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Footnote 109

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 110

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Footnote 112

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Footnote 116

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 117

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 118

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Footnote 119

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Footnote 120

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 121

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Footnote 122

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 123

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Footnote 124

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Footnote 125

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Footnote 127

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 128

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 129

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Footnote 130

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 131

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 132

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 133

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 134

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Footnote 135

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Footnote 136

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Footnote 137

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Footnote 138

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Footnote 139

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

Footnote 140

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

Footnote 141

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 142

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 143

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 144

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Footnote 145

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

Footnote 146

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

Footnote 147

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 148

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Data quality note(s) – Oxford

• Incomplete enumeration flag
  Default. Not applicable.
• Long-form data quality flag
  Global non-response rate (GNR), long-form census questionnaire: 4.7%.
• Long-form income data quality flag
  Default. Data quality index showing a long-form income non-response rate lower than 10%.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016352.