Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981), Mother Tongue (4), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

• Age (8B): Total - Age
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , mother tongue , age and sex for the population in private households in Richmond

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981)	Mother tongue (4)
	Total - Mother tongue^Footnote 1	English	French	English and French
Population in private households - 25% sample data	8,850	6,470	1,940	90
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	8,850	6,470	1,935	90
0 to 14 years	1,100	965	65	10
0 to 4 years	305	285	10	0
5 to 9 years	345	310	15	10
10 to 14 years	445	375	40	0
15 to 64 years	5,365	4,040	1,030	55
15 to 19 years	495	410	60	0
20 to 24 years	370	310	45	10
25 to 29 years	340	270	50	10
30 to 34 years	290	240	25	10
35 to 39 years	425	365	25	0
40 to 44 years	510	410	70	10
45 to 49 years	605	460	115	0
50 to 54 years	675	465	165	10
55 to 59 years	790	535	210	15
60 to 64 years	860	570	265	0
65 years and over	2,385	1,465	845	20
65 to 69 years	830	545	275	0
70 to 74 years	630	400	205	10
75 to 79 years	410	265	120	10
80 to 84 years	255	130	115	10
85 years and over	260	130	130	0
85 to 89 years	190	105	85	0
90 to 94 years	65	25	40	0
95 to 99 years	0	0	10	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0
Average age	47.9	44.7	59.6	48.8
Median age	52.6	48.0	63.2	54.0
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 2	7,755	5,505	1,870	80
Married or living common law	4,645	3,260	1,175	60
Married	3,905	2,635	1,100	45
Living common law	735	625	75	10
Not married and not living common law	3,110	2,240	695	15
Never married	1,820	1,370	330	10
Separated	190	145	35	0
Divorced	435	340	85	0
Widowed	660	385	245	0
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 3	7,750	5,505	1,870	80
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	7,430	5,240	1,840	80
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,687	37,179	32,800	34,718
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,105	28,979	26,616	26,737
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	7,425	5,235	1,840	80
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,538	31,519	28,624	28,824
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,173	26,334	25,262	24,689
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	5,860	4,210	1,350	65
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,526	35,495	29,383	31,419
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	23,992	25,052	21,584	18,719
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	6,215	4,350	1,560	55
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	11,039	10,416	13,150	12,376
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	11,303	10,207	14,061	13,328
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,540	3,375	920	45
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,963	35,007	32,305	37,693
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	24,299	24,170	26,117	26,657
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^Footnote 4	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^Footnote 5	74.1	76.7	65.7	78.4
Employment income (%)^Footnote 6	58.2	60.7	49.6	61.1
Government transfers (%)^Footnote 7	25.9	23.3	34.0	26.7
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 8	7,750	5,505	1,870	80
Without total income	325	270	35	0
With total income	7,430	5,235	1,835	80
Percentage with total income	95.9	95.1	98.1	100.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,120	855	190	too unreliable to be published F
$10,000 to $19,999	1,550	985	510	too unreliable to be published F
$20,000 to $29,999	1,270	880	300	too unreliable to be published F
$30,000 to $39,999	1,190	790	340	too unreliable to be published F
$40,000 to $49,999	715	480	190	too unreliable to be published F
$50,000 to $59,999	480	355	110	too unreliable to be published F
$60,000 to $69,999	310	255	55	too unreliable to be published F
$70,000 to $79,999	220	170	50	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 to $89,999	155	120	30	too unreliable to be published F
$90,000 to $99,999	140	105	40	too unreliable to be published F
$100,000 and over	285	250	30	too unreliable to be published F
$100,000 to $149,999	185	175	10	too unreliable to be published F
$150,000 and over	100	75	25	too unreliable to be published F
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 9	7,755	5,505	1,870	75
Without after-tax income	325	265	35	0
With after-tax income	7,430	5,235	1,840	80
Percentage with after-tax income	95.8	95.1	98.4	100.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,150	885	200	too unreliable to be published F
$10,000 to $19,999	1,615	1,035	520	too unreliable to be published F
$20,000 to $29,999	1,620	1,070	450	too unreliable to be published F
$30,000 to $39,999	1,230	880	290	too unreliable to be published F
$40,000 to $49,999	710	485	190	too unreliable to be published F
$50,000 to $59,999	400	305	90	too unreliable to be published F
$60,000 to $69,999	270	230	35	too unreliable to be published F
$70,000 to $79,999	160	120	40	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 and over	265	230	35	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 to $89,999	105	85	15	too unreliable to be published F
$90,000 to $99,999	40	40	0	too unreliable to be published F
$100,000 and over	120	100	20	too unreliable to be published F
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 10	7,755	5,505	1,870	80
Without employment income	3,210	2,130	945	30
With employment income	4,545	3,380	920	45
Percentage with employment income	58.6	61.4	49.2	56.3
Under $5,000 (including loss)	710	510	155	too unreliable to be published F
$5,000 to $9,999	440	360	55	too unreliable to be published F
$10,000 to $19,999	830	615	185	too unreliable to be published F
$20,000 to $29,999	560	390	120	too unreliable to be published F
$30,000 to $39,999	565	395	140	too unreliable to be published F
$40,000 to $49,999	400	285	90	too unreliable to be published F
$50,000 to $59,999	245	195	40	too unreliable to be published F
$60,000 to $69,999	185	160	30	too unreliable to be published F
$70,000 to $79,999	150	105	45	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 and over	445	365	70	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 to $89,999	130	110	15	too unreliable to be published F
$90,000 to $99,999	115	85	30	too unreliable to be published F
$100,000 and over	200	175	25	too unreliable to be published F
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 11	7,755	5,505	1,870	80
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 12	1,500	1,155	270	0
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 13	44,859	45,211	47,696	0
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 14	51,093	51,073	55,316	0
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 15	8,850	6,475	1,935	90
English only	5,900	5,380	165	15
French only	25	0	25	0
English and French	2,920	1,090	1,750	75
Neither English nor French	10	0	0	0
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 16	8,850	6,470	1,940	90
English	7,825	6,405	1,170	80
French	735	45	685	10
Non-official language	160	10	0	0
Aboriginal	75	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	90	0	0	0
English and French	105	15	80	10
English and non-official language	20	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 17	8,845	6,475	1,940	90
None	7,505	6,195	1,085	70
English	470	25	355	0
French	745	225	500	15
Non-official language	120	20	0	0
Aboriginal	100	20	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	25	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - First official language spoken for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 18	8,850	6,470	1,935	85
English	7,060	6,470	165	85
French	1,775	0	1,770	0
English and French	15	0	0	10
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^Footnote 19	1,780	0	1,765	10
Official language minority (percentage)^Footnote 20	20.1	0.0	91.2	11.8
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 21	8,850	6,470	1,940	90
Official languages	8,845	6,470	1,935	90
English	8,820	6,470	1,910	90
French	2,945	1,090	1,770	75
Non-official languages	415	80	0	0
Aboriginal languages	255	55	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	165	25	0	0
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 22	8,850	6,475	1,935	90
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 23	1,775	1,025	520	20
Single Aboriginal responses^Footnote 24	1,730	1,005	495	25
First Nations (North American Indian)^Footnote 25	605	380	15	10
Métis	1,125	620	480	20
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^Footnote 26	40	10	25	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^Footnote 27	10	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	7,075	5,450	1,420	70
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 28	8,850	6,470	1,935	90
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 29	710	400	100	10
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	8,140	6,075	1,835	85
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 30	8,850	6,475	1,935	90
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 31	530	285	50	10
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 32	525	285	45	10
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^Footnote 33	395	205	0	0
Métis single ancestry	130	85	35	10
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^Footnote 34	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 35	1,495	905	545	20
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 36	1,410	880	490	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	480	390	60	10
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	925	485	430	10
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	10	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 37	85	25	55	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	90	25	50	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 38	6,825	5,280	1,345	60
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 39	8,845	6,475	1,935	90
Canadian citizens^Footnote 40	8,670	6,390	1,935	90
Canadian citizens only	8,615	6,360	1,935	90
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	55	35	0	0
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 41	180	80	0	0
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 42	8,845	6,475	1,935	90
Non-immigrants^Footnote 43	8,540	6,300	1,925	90
Immigrants^Footnote 44	250	155	10	0
Before 1981	120	90	10	0
1981 to 1990	10	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	20	10	0	0
2001 to 2010	55	25	0	0
2001 to 2005	20	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	35	25	0	0
2011 to 2016^Footnote 45	40	25	0	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 46	60	15	0	0
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 47	250	150	10	0
Under 5 years	10	10	0	0
5 to 14 years	40	35	0	0
15 to 24 years	35	20	0	0
25 to 44 years	90	55	10	0
45 years and over	70	35	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 48	250	155	10	0
Americas	100	95	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 49	95	95	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0
Europe	145	60	10	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0
France	10	0	10	0
Germany	65	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 50	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	10	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0
Serbia^Footnote 51	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 52	45	45	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	15	10	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 53	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 54	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 55	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 56	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0
Philippines	10	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 57	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^Footnote 58	0	0	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 59	45	25	0	0
Americas	15	15	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 60	10	10	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 61	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0
Europe	30	10	0	0
France	0	0	0	0
Germany	20	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 62	0	0	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 63	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 64	10	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 65	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 66	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 67	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 68	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 69	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 70	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 71	0	0	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 72	8,845	6,475	1,940	90
First generation^Footnote 73	335	195	10	0
Second generation^Footnote 74	365	325	0	0
Third generation or more^Footnote 75	8,150	5,955	1,920	90
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^Footnote 76	135	65	0	0
Economic immigrants^Footnote 77	105	40	0	0
Principal applicants^Footnote 78	50	20	0	0
Secondary applicants^Footnote 79	55	20	0	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^Footnote 80	25	25	0	0
Refugees^Footnote 81	0	0	0	0
Other immigrants^Footnote 82	0	0	0	0
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 83	8,850	6,470	1,935	90
Total visible minority population^Footnote 84	95	45	0	0
South Asian^Footnote 85	0	10	0	0
Chinese	0	0	0	0
Black	40	35	0	0
Filipino	35	0	0	0
Latin American	0	0	0	0
Arab	0	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^Footnote 86	0	0	0	0
West Asian^Footnote 87	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 88	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 89	0	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^Footnote 90	8,755	6,425	1,940	90
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 91	8,850	6,470	1,935	90
North American Aboriginal origins	2,025	1,190	595	35
First Nations (North American Indian)	960	620	125	10
Inuit	0	0	0	0
Métis	1,150	590	530	25
Other North American origins	4,320	3,090	1,165	45
Acadian	860	385	460	10
American	55	55	0	0
Canadian	3,695	2,825	830	35
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	15	15	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 92	0	0	0	0
European origins	6,285	4,860	1,245	60
British Isles origins	4,025	3,770	220	30
Channel Islander	15	10	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0
English	1,785	1,620	160	10
Irish	1,550	1,465	65	10
Manx	0	0	0	0
Scottish	2,120	2,070	30	15
Welsh	60	60	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 93	40	40	0	0
French origins	3,960	2,665	1,225	55
Alsatian	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0
French	3,965	2,670	1,225	55
Western European origins (except French origins)	470	370	10	0
Austrian	0	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0
Belgian	0	10	0	0
Dutch	120	105	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0
German	385	295	10	0
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 94	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	105	105	0	0
Danish	10	10	0	0
Finnish	10	10	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	25	25	0	0
Swedish	60	60	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 95	10	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	90	90	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^Footnote 96	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	15	15	0	0
Latvian	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	10	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0
Polish	45	45	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0
Russian	10	10	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	20	20	0	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 97	10	10	0	0
Southern European origins	130	110	20	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	0	0	0
Italian	75	70	10	0
Kosovar	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0
Maltese	15	15	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	30	25	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0
Spanish	10	0	15	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^Footnote 98	10	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 99	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	15	10	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0
Jewish	10	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^Footnote 100	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 101	0	10	0	0
Caribbean origins	10	10	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	10	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^Footnote 102	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 103	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 104	0	0	0	0
African origins	30	30	0	0
Central and West African origins	0	10	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 105	10	10	0	0
North African origins	0	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 106	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^Footnote 107	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 108	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	25	25	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^Footnote 109	10	10	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 110	20	20	0	0
Asian origins	80	30	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	25	30	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^Footnote 111	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	20	25	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	10	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 112	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	0	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0
East Indian	0	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 113	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	50	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0
Chinese	0	0	0	0
Filipino	40	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 114	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 115	10	10	0	0
Oceania origins	0	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^Footnote 116	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 117	0	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 118	7,755	5,505	1,870	80
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,170	1,380	710	15
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^Footnote 119	1,595	1,235	290	20
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,990	2,890	870	40
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,150	825	250	20
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 120	565	390	130	10
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 121	590	440	115	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,865	1,400	385	15
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	185	125	40	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	790	540	190	10
Bachelor's degree	510	340	135	0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	100	85	10	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	25	20	10	0
Master's degree	150	90	35	0
Earned doctorate^Footnote 122	10	10	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 123	7,755	5,505	1,870	80
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 124	3,765	2,615	1,000	35
Education	355	220	120	10
13. Education	355	220	120	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	65	65	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	55	50	0	0
Humanities	85	65	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	15	10	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	35	25	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^Footnote 125	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	25	20	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	180	115	35	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	10	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	75	50	10	0
22. Legal professions and studies	25	15	10	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^Footnote 126	10	0	0	0
42. Psychology	25	25	0	0
45. Social sciences	45	25	10	0
Business, management and public administration	695	515	165	0
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	10	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	40	30	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	645	475	160	10
Physical and life sciences and technologies	70	55	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	15	15	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25	20	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^Footnote 127	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	20	20	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	160	135	15	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	140	125	10	0
25. Library science	0	10	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	10	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^Footnote 128	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,390	980	325	20
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0
14. Engineering	65	40	15	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	205	140	45	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	435	315	90	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	380	275	80	0
48. Precision production	310	200	95	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	95	65	30	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	40	20	20	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	60	45	10	0
Health and related fields	460	360	80	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	20	15	10	0
51. Health professions and related programs	440	345	80	0
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	450	320	105	15
12. Personal and culinary services	255	185	65	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	15	10	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	175	120	40	10
Other	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 129	7,750	5,505	1,870	80
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,765	2,615	1,000	40
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 130	3,990	2,890	875	45
Location of study inside Canada	3,805	2,815	855	40
Same as province or territory of residence	3,375	2,465	780	45
Different than province or territory of residence	430	350	75	0
Location of study outside Canada^Footnote 131	185	80	10	0
United States^Footnote 132	50	40	10	0
Philippines	35	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 133	35	30	0	0
China^Footnote 134	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0
Other	65	0	0	0
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^Footnote 135	7,755	5,505	1,870	75
In the labour force	4,030	2,975	820	45
Employed	3,370	2,490	705	35
Unemployed	660	485	120	10
Not in the labour force	3,720	2,525	1,050	35
Participation rate	52.0	54.0	43.9	60.0
Employment rate	43.5	45.2	37.7	46.7
Unemployment rate	16.4	16.3	14.6	22.2
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^Footnote 136	7,755	5,505	1,870	80
Did not work^Footnote 137	3,410	2,300	985	30
Worked	4,350	3,210	880	50
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 138	1,575	1,210	285	10
Worked part year and/or part time^Footnote 139	2,770	1,995	600	35
Average weeks worked in reference year	35.5	35.9	34.3	36.0
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 140	4,465	3,315	895	55
a.Management	325	245	55	0
00 Senior management occupations	30	20	10	0
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	95	75	10	0
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	135	105	20	0
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	65	40	15	10
b.Professional	460	300	110	0
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	95	65	15	0
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	65	50	10	0
30 Professional occupations in nursing	45	30	15	0
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	40	25	10	0
40 Professional occupations in education services	125	75	40	10
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	80	35	15	0
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	15	20	0	0
c.Technical and paraprofessional	470	355	80	0
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	150	105	40	0
32 Technical occupations in health	130	110	10	10
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	95	75	10	0
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	20	15	10	0
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	70	55	15	0
d.Administration and administrative support	390	300	75	0
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	155	130	20	0
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	40	25	10	0
14 Office support occupations	175	130	40	0
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	20	15	10	0
e.Sales	390	305	65	0
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	50	45	10	0
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade	145	100	40	10
66 Sales support occupations	195	170	20	0
f.Personal and customer information services	855	655	150	20
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	70	45	25	0
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	115	90	15	0
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	165	120	30	0
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	150	130	15	10
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	350	270	60	10
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades	470	360	85	15
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	370	275	70	15
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	100	80	10	0
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction	395	295	80	0
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	80	65	10	0
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	230	170	60	0
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	80	65	10	0
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	395	285	90	0
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	200	130	55	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	135	105	30	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	65	45	10	0
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	330	215	95	0
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	85	60	10	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	95	55	35	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	0	0	10	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	145	95	45	0
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 141	4,465	3,320	895	50
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	430	300	100	10
111 - 112 Farms^Footnote 142	40	30	0	0
113 Forestry and logging	20	15	0	0
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping	335	225	95	0
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry	35	25	10	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	80	70	0	0
211 Oil and gas extraction	25	25	0	0
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas)	20	15	0	0
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction	40	35	10	0
22 Utilities	65	45	10	0
221 Utilities	65	45	10	0
23 Construction	415	320	60	10
236 Construction of buildings	95	75	10	10
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction	80	50	15	0
238 Specialty trade contractors	240	195	40	0
31-33 Manufacturing	465	330	120	0
311 Food manufacturing	230	150	65	0
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	10	10	0	0
313 Textile mills	0	0	0	0
314 Textile product mills	0	0	0	0
315 Clothing manufacturing	0	0	0	0
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing	0	0	0	0
321 Wood product manufacturing	10	0	0	0
322 Paper manufacturing	90	80	10	0
323 Printing and related support activities	0	0	0	0
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing	10	10	0	0
325 Chemical manufacturing	15	10	10	0
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	0	0	0	0
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing	25	15	0	0
331 Primary metal manufacturing	0	0	0	0
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing	50	30	20	0
333 Machinery manufacturing	10	0	0	0
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing	0	0	0	0
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing	10	0	0	0
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing	10	0	10	0
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing	0	0	0	0
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing	10	0	0	0
41 Wholesale trade	145	120	20	0
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers	0	0	0	0
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers	10	10	0	0
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers	45	35	0	0
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers	0	0	10	0
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers	0	10	0	0
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers	15	15	0	0
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	35	35	0	0
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers	25	15	0	0
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers	0	0	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	555	450	90	10
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers	60	60	0	0
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores	15	10	0	0
443 Electronics and appliance stores	20	15	0	10
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	50	40	10	0
445 Food and beverage stores	170	140	30	0
446 Health and personal care stores	80	60	15	0
447 Gasoline stations	45	40	10	0
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores	10	10	10	0
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores	0	0	0	0
452 General merchandise stores	70	50	20	0
453 Miscellaneous store retailers	20	20	0	0
454 Non-store retailers	15	10	10	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	195	125	65	0
481 Air transportation	0	0	0	0
482 Rail transportation	0	0	0	0
483 Water transportation	20	20	0	0
484 Truck transportation	55	45	15	0
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation	10	0	0	0
486 Pipeline transportation	0	0	0	0
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation	0	0	0	0
488 Support activities for transportation	60	30	30	0
491 Postal service	40	25	10	0
492 Couriers and messengers	0	0	0	0
493 Warehousing and storage	10	10	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	25	20	10	0
511 Publishing industries (except Internet)	0	0	0	0
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries	0	0	0	0
515 Broadcasting (except Internet)	10	10	0	0
517 Telecommunications	10	10	10	0
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services	0	0	0	0
519 Other information services	10	10	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	80	65	20	0
521 Monetary authorities - central bank	0	0	0	0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities	60	45	20	0
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities	0	0	0	0
524 Insurance carriers and related activities	20	20	0	0
526 Funds and other financial vehicles	0	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	25	15	0	0
531 Real estate	20	20	0	0
532 Rental and leasing services	0	0	0	0
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	0	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	110	70	30	0
541 Professional, scientific and technical services	115	65	30	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0
551 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	125	90	15	0
561 Administrative and support services	120	90	15	0
562 Waste management and remediation services	10	0	0	0
61 Educational services	350	235	95	10
611 Educational services	350	240	90	10
62 Health care and social assistance	580	440	105	0
621 Ambulatory health care services	140	110	30	0
622 Hospitals	110	85	15	10
623 Nursing and residential care facilities	220	155	50	0
624 Social assistance	110	80	15	0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	70	50	15	0
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries	10	0	0	0
712 Heritage institutions	20	15	0	0
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries	55	30	15	0
72 Accommodation and food services	285	225	50	0
721 Accommodation services	70	65	0	0
722 Food services and drinking places	215	160	50	10
81 Other services (except public administration)	220	165	35	10
811 Repair and maintenance	100	75	10	0
812 Personal and laundry services	55	50	10	0
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations	55	30	15	10
814 Private households	10	10	0	0
91 Public administration	240	170	50	0
911 Federal government public administration	115	80	25	0
912 Provincial and territorial public administration	80	55	15	10
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration	25	25	0	0
914 Aboriginal public administration	20	15	0	0
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration	0	0	0	0
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 143	3,375	2,490	705	35
Worked at home	190	125	40	0
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	525	390	95	10
Worked at usual place	2,655	1,965	575	25
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 144	4,470	3,320	895	50
English	4,165	3,260	700	45
French	175	35	140	0
Non-official language	40	0	0	0
Aboriginal	35	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	10	0	0	0
English and French	80	25	50	0
English and non-official language	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 145	4,465	3,320	890	50
None	3,690	3,100	440	45
English	130	20	90	0
French	550	180	360	10
Non-official language	95	20	0	0
Aboriginal	75	20	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	25	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	10	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	2,655	1,965	575	25
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,270	850	345	10
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	495	390	85	10
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	805	645	135	10
Commute to a different province or territory	85	75	15	0
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 146	3,180	2,355	670	30
Car, truck, van - as a driver	2,765	2,050	585	25
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	180	135	40	0
Public transit	60	45	15	0
Walked	95	80	15	0
Bicycle	10	0	0	0
Other method	70	40	25	0
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 147	3,180	2,360	665	30
Less than 15 minutes	1,335	915	335	15
15 to 29 minutes	885	675	175	10
30 to 44 minutes	510	395	100	10
45 to 59 minutes	200	160	40	0
60 minutes and over	255	215	20	0
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 148	3,180	2,360	665	35
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	300	230	60	10
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	705	500	175	15
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	885	670	185	10
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	580	430	115	10
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	240	180	30	0
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	475	345	105	0
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 149	8,790	6,415	1,940	90
Non-movers	8,210	5,960	1,845	90
Movers	580	455	90	0
Non-migrants	260	215	45	0
Migrants	320	240	45	0
Internal migrants	290	230	45	0
Intraprovincial migrants	205	165	25	0
Interprovincial migrants	85	60	20	0
External migrants	35	10	0	0
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 150	8,545	6,190	1,930	90
Non-movers	7,090	5,020	1,725	90
Movers	1,455	1,165	200	10
Non-migrants	620	510	90	0
Migrants	835	655	110	0
Internal migrants	780	640	110	0
Intraprovincial migrants	495	420	60	0
Interprovincial migrants	285	220	55	0
External migrants	50	15	0	0

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

Language groups are defined as follows: 'English' includes respondents who reported English only or English and one non-official language; 'French' includes respondents who reported French only or French and one non-official language; 'English and French' includes respondents who reported English and French, with or without one non-official language.

The 'Total - Mother tongue' category includes all groups mentioned in note 1 as well as respondents who reported a non-official language as their only mother tongue.

Footnote 2

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Footnote 3

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 4

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 5

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 6

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 7

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 8

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 9

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 10

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 11

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 12

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 13

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 14

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 15

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 16

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 17

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 18

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 19

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 20

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 21

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

Footnote 22

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 23

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 24

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 25

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 26

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 27

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 28

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 29

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 30

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 31

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 32

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 33

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 34

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 35

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 36

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 37

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 38

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

Footnote 39

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 40

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Footnote 41

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Footnote 42

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 43

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Footnote 44

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 45

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 46

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Footnote 47

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 48

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 49

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 50

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 51

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Footnote 52

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 53

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 54

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 55

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 56

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 57

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 58

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 59

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 60

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 61

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 62

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 63

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 64

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 65

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 66

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 67

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 68

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 69

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 70

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 71

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 72

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 73

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 74

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 75

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 76

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 77

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Footnote 78

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 79

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 80

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Footnote 81

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Footnote 82

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Footnote 83

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 84

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 85

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Footnote 86

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Footnote 87

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Footnote 88

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 89

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 90

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 91

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 94

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Footnote 96

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 97

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Footnote 98

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 99

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Footnote 100

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 101

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Footnote 102

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 103

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Footnote 107

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 108

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Footnote 109

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 110

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Footnote 111

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 112

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Footnote 114

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Footnote 116

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Footnote 118

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 119

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 120

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Footnote 121

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Footnote 122

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 123

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Footnote 124

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 125

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Footnote 127

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Footnote 128

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Footnote 129

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 130

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 131

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Footnote 132

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 133

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 134

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 135

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 136

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Footnote 137

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Footnote 138

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Footnote 139

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Footnote 140

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Footnote 141

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

Footnote 142

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

Footnote 143

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 144

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 145

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 146

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Footnote 147

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

Footnote 148

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

Footnote 149

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 150

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Data quality note(s) – Richmond

• Incomplete enumeration flag
  Default. Not applicable.
• Long-form data quality flag
  Global non-response rate (GNR), long-form census questionnaire: 9.2%.
• Long-form income data quality flag
  Default. Data quality index showing a long-form income non-response rate lower than 10%.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016354.