Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981), Mother Tongue (4), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

• Age (8B): Total - Age
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , mother tongue , age and sex for the population in private households in Stanstead, CT

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981)	Mother tongue (4)
	Total - Mother tongue^Footnote 1	English	French	English and French
Population in private households - 25% sample data	1,000	360	600	15
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	1,000	360	605	15
0 to 14 years	90	60	35	0
0 to 4 years	40	20	20	0
5 to 9 years	40	30	15	0
10 to 14 years	15	10	10	0
15 to 64 years	510	145	340	10
15 to 19 years	20	10	15	0
20 to 24 years	10	0	0	0
25 to 29 years	35	10	20	0
30 to 34 years	35	0	25	10
35 to 39 years	70	25	40	10
40 to 44 years	35	10	25	0
45 to 49 years	25	15	15	0
50 to 54 years	80	25	55	0
55 to 59 years	120	35	80	10
60 to 64 years	75	15	60	0
65 years and over	395	155	225	0
65 to 69 years	120	45	75	0
70 to 74 years	100	10	85	0
75 to 79 years	65	25	35	0
80 to 84 years	65	40	30	0
85 years and over	45	40	10	0
85 to 89 years	40	25	10	0
90 to 94 years	10	10	0	0
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0
Average age	54.4	54.3	54.5	0.0
Median age	58.3	57.5	59.0	0.0
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 2	905	305	570	15
Married or living common law	615	160	420	10
Married	415	140	250	10
Living common law	200	25	170	0
Not married and not living common law	290	140	145	0
Never married	100	30	75	0
Separated	10	0	10	0
Divorced	95	60	35	0
Widowed	80	55	30	0
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 3	905	305	570	15
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	890	300	560	0
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	51,240	44,749	53,885	0
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,800	26,191	34,620	0
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	885	295	560	0
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,644	36,446	39,296	0
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,841	23,366	28,870	0
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	770	235	510	0
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	49,583	45,193	50,937	0
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,717	25,573	32,257	0
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	695	245	435	0
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	10,347	11,220	9,781	0
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	10,851	12,641	10,299	0
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	495	155	310	0
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,735	28,237	34,970	0
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,559	25,508	25,508	0
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^Footnote 4	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
Market income (%)^Footnote 5	83.7	80.5	85.2	0.0
Employment income (%)^Footnote 6	36.8	32.6	36.5	0.0
Government transfers (%)^Footnote 7	15.8	20.5	14.1	0.0
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 8	900	300	570	15
Without total income	15	10	10	0
With total income	890	300	560	15
Percentage with total income	98.9	100.0	98.2	100.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	85	25	65	too unreliable to be published F
$10,000 to $19,999	190	80	105	too unreliable to be published F
$20,000 to $29,999	185	85	90	too unreliable to be published F
$30,000 to $39,999	65	15	55	too unreliable to be published F
$40,000 to $49,999	110	20	80	too unreliable to be published F
$50,000 to $59,999	70	15	55	too unreliable to be published F
$60,000 to $69,999	40	15	25	too unreliable to be published F
$70,000 to $79,999	0	0	0	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 to $89,999	15	0	10	too unreliable to be published F
$90,000 to $99,999	20	0	10	too unreliable to be published F
$100,000 and over	110	25	80	too unreliable to be published F
$100,000 to $149,999	50	10	30	too unreliable to be published F
$150,000 and over	60	10	45	too unreliable to be published F
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 9	900	305	570	15
Without after-tax income	15	10	10	0
With after-tax income	885	300	555	10
Percentage with after-tax income	98.3	98.4	97.4	66.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	110	30	80	too unreliable to be published F
$10,000 to $19,999	210	85	120	too unreliable to be published F
$20,000 to $29,999	170	85	85	too unreliable to be published F
$30,000 to $39,999	135	25	85	too unreliable to be published F
$40,000 to $49,999	95	25	75	too unreliable to be published F
$50,000 to $59,999	45	20	20	too unreliable to be published F
$60,000 to $69,999	15	0	10	too unreliable to be published F
$70,000 to $79,999	15	0	10	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 and over	100	20	75	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 to $89,999	35	10	25	too unreliable to be published F
$90,000 to $99,999	10	10	0	too unreliable to be published F
$100,000 and over	60	10	45	too unreliable to be published F
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 10	900	300	570	10
Without employment income	410	150	255	0
With employment income	495	150	310	15
Percentage with employment income	55.0	50.0	54.4	100.0
Under $5,000 (including loss)	100	too unreliable to be published F	60	too unreliable to be published F
$5,000 to $9,999	45	too unreliable to be published F	35	too unreliable to be published F
$10,000 to $19,999	50	too unreliable to be published F	45	too unreliable to be published F
$20,000 to $29,999	80	too unreliable to be published F	35	too unreliable to be published F
$30,000 to $39,999	50	too unreliable to be published F	40	too unreliable to be published F
$40,000 to $49,999	45	too unreliable to be published F	25	too unreliable to be published F
$50,000 to $59,999	40	too unreliable to be published F	25	too unreliable to be published F
$60,000 to $69,999	15	too unreliable to be published F	10	too unreliable to be published F
$70,000 to $79,999	10	too unreliable to be published F	0	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 and over	55	too unreliable to be published F	45	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 to $89,999	15	too unreliable to be published F	15	too unreliable to be published F
$90,000 to $99,999	10	too unreliable to be published F	10	too unreliable to be published F
$100,000 and over	30	too unreliable to be published F	25	too unreliable to be published F
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 11	900	305	570	15
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 12	230	70	145	0
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 13	40,371	31,128	43,224	0
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 14	46,271	34,048	50,303	0
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 15	1,000	365	605	10
English only	185	180	0	0
French only	205	0	205	0
English and French	610	180	395	15
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	0
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 16	995	365	605	15
English	375	340	40	0
French	585	10	550	10
Non-official language	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
English and French	25	15	10	10
English and non-official language	10	10	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 17	995	360	600	10
None	805	300	490	0
English	110	10	90	10
French	75	50	25	0
Non-official language	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	10	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - First official language spoken for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 18	1,000	365	605	15
English	365	365	0	0
French	625	0	605	0
English and French	0	0	0	10
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^Footnote 19	370	360	0	0
Official language minority (percentage)^Footnote 20	37.0	98.6	0.0	0.0
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 21	995	365	605	10
Official languages	995	360	600	15
English	790	360	395	15
French	815	180	605	10
Non-official languages	40	15	10	10
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	40	15	10	0
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 22	995	360	600	10
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 23	20	0	15	0
Single Aboriginal responses^Footnote 24	20	0	15	0
First Nations (North American Indian)^Footnote 25	0	10	0	0
Métis	15	0	15	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^Footnote 26	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^Footnote 27	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	980	360	590	15
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 28	995	360	605	10
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 29	10	0	10	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	985	355	600	15
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 30	995	360	605	10
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 31	10	10	10	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 32	15	0	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^Footnote 33	15	10	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^Footnote 34	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 35	55	15	35	0
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 36	55	15	40	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	45	15	30	0
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	10	0
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 37	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 38	930	345	560	10
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 39	995	365	605	15
Canadian citizens^Footnote 40	960	335	600	15
Canadian citizens only	925	330	580	10
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	40	10	15	0
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 41	35	25	0	0
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 42	995	360	600	15
Non-immigrants^Footnote 43	910	320	580	15
Immigrants^Footnote 44	80	30	30	0
Before 1981	40	30	0	0
1981 to 1990	0	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	25	0	20	0
2001 to 2010	0	0	0	0
2001 to 2005	0	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	0	0	0	0
2011 to 2016^Footnote 45	10	10	0	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 46	10	10	0	0
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 47	75	35	30	0
Under 5 years	10	0	10	0
5 to 14 years	15	10	10	0
15 to 24 years	0	10	0	0
25 to 44 years	50	15	20	0
45 years and over	10	10	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 48	75	35	25	0
Americas	25	20	0	0
Brazil	10	10	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 49	15	15	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0
Europe	40	10	20	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0
France	10	0	10	0
Germany	10	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0
Hungary	10	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 50	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	0	0	0
Serbia^Footnote 51	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 52	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	10	0
Africa	10	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0
Asia	15	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 53	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 54	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 55	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 56	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 57	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^Footnote 58	0	0	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 59	10	10	0	0
Americas	10	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 60	10	10	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 61	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 62	0	0	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 63	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 64	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 65	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 66	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 67	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 68	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 69	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 70	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 71	0	0	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 72	995	360	605	10
First generation^Footnote 73	105	50	30	10
Second generation^Footnote 74	95	70	25	0
Third generation or more^Footnote 75	795	240	545	10
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^Footnote 76	35	0	25	0
Economic immigrants^Footnote 77	20	0	20	0
Principal applicants^Footnote 78	10	0	0	0
Secondary applicants^Footnote 79	10	0	10	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^Footnote 80	15	0	10	0
Refugees^Footnote 81	0	0	0	0
Other immigrants^Footnote 82	0	0	0	0
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 83	1,000	365	600	15
Total visible minority population^Footnote 84	20	0	20	0
South Asian^Footnote 85	0	0	0	0
Chinese	10	0	0	0
Black	0	0	0	0
Filipino	0	0	0	0
Latin American	0	0	0	0
Arab	0	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^Footnote 86	20	0	15	0
West Asian^Footnote 87	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 88	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 89	0	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^Footnote 90	975	365	590	10
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 91	995	360	600	15
North American Aboriginal origins	65	20	40	0
First Nations (North American Indian)	60	20	40	0
Inuit	0	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	10	0
Other North American origins	575	190	385	0
Acadian	0	0	0	0
American	10	0	0	0
Canadian	560	190	375	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 92	0	0	0	0
European origins	580	275	275	10
British Isles origins	325	235	80	10
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0
English	140	135	10	0
Irish	140	80	50	10
Manx	0	0	0	0
Scottish	120	80	40	0
Welsh	10	10	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 93	15	15	0	0
French origins	245	50	185	10
Alsatian	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0
French	245	50	185	10
Western European origins (except French origins)	90	40	35	10
Austrian	0	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0
Belgian	10	0	0	0
Dutch	15	10	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0
German	60	30	30	0
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0
Swiss	0	10	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 94	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	10	10	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0
Swedish	10	10	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 95	0	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	50	35	10	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^Footnote 96	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	20	20	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	10	0
Russian	25	20	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	25	20	0	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 97	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	40	10	30	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	10	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0
Italian	35	10	20	0
Kosovar	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^Footnote 98	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 99	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	0	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^Footnote 100	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 101	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	10	10	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	10	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^Footnote 102	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 103	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 104	0	0	0	0
African origins	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 105	0	0	0	0
North African origins	0	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 106	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^Footnote 107	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 108	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	0	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^Footnote 109	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 110	0	0	0	0
Asian origins	20	0	15	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	0	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^Footnote 111	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 112	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	0	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0
East Indian	0	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 113	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	25	0	20	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	10	0	0	0
Chinese	0	0	0	0
Filipino	0	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	10	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 114	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 115	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	0	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^Footnote 116	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 117	0	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 118	900	305	570	10
No certificate, diploma or degree	170	80	85	0
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^Footnote 119	220	90	130	0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	510	135	345	15
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	110	25	75	10
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 120	70	0	55	0
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 121	45	20	25	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	115	30	85	0
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	40	20	20	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	250	65	165	10
Bachelor's degree	130	35	85	0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	15	0	15	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	0
Master's degree	90	20	50	10
Earned doctorate^Footnote 122	20	0	10	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 123	905	300	565	15
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 124	390	165	225	0
Education	35	10	25	0
13. Education	35	10	30	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	20	0	15	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	20	0	15	0
Humanities	35	20	15	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	10	10	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	10	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^Footnote 125	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0
54. History	10	0	10	0
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	45	10	30	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	10	0
22. Legal professions and studies	15	0	15	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^Footnote 126	0	0	10	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	15	10	0	0
Business, management and public administration	110	30	70	0
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	105	35	70	0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	30	0	25	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^Footnote 127	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	10	0	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	10	0	15	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	0
25. Library science	0	0	10	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	10	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^Footnote 128	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	120	25	90	0
04. Architecture and related services	10	10	0	0
14. Engineering	30	0	20	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	40	0	35	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	25	0	20	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	10	10	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	20	0	10	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	15	10	0	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	0	10	0
Health and related fields	40	10	20	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	40	10	20	0
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	50	20	30	0
12. Personal and culinary services	30	0	25	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	10	10	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	10	0	0
Other	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 129	900	300	565	15
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	390	170	220	0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 130	510	135	345	15
Location of study inside Canada	455	115	325	15
Same as province or territory of residence	435	100	320	10
Different than province or territory of residence	20	15	0	0
Location of study outside Canada^Footnote 131	60	20	20	0
United States^Footnote 132	20	15	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0
India	10	0	10	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 133	10	0	10	0
China^Footnote 134	0	0	0	0
France	10	0	0	0
Other	15	0	0	0
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^Footnote 135	900	300	570	10
In the labour force	400	100	275	10
Employed	390	105	260	15
Unemployed	15	0	15	0
Not in the labour force	500	200	295	0
Participation rate	44.4	33.3	48.2	0.0
Employment rate	43.3	35.0	45.6	0.0
Unemployment rate	3.8	0.0	5.5	0.0
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^Footnote 136	900	300	570	15
Did not work^Footnote 137	450	180	265	0
Worked	455	120	305	15
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 138	250	80	160	10
Worked part year and/or part time^Footnote 139	200	45	145	10
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.8	44.9	43.7	0.0
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 140	465	125	310	15
a.Management	140	45	80	0
00 Senior management occupations	25	0	20	0
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	25	0	15	10
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	25	0	20	0
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	60	35	20	0
b.Professional	70	15	55	0
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	20	0	15	0
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	15	10	10	0
30 Professional occupations in nursing	0	0	0	0
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	10	0	0	0
40 Professional occupations in education services	10	0	10	0
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	25	10	15	0
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	0	0	0	0
c.Technical and paraprofessional	35	10	25	0
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	10	0	10	0
32 Technical occupations in health	0	0	0	0
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	0	0	0	0
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	10	0	0	0
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	15	0	10	0
d.Administration and administrative support	35	0	30	0
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	0	0	10	0
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	0	0	0	0
14 Office support occupations	20	10	15	0
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	0	0	10	0
e.Sales	25	0	25	0
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	0	0	0	0
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade	15	0	15	0
66 Sales support occupations	15	0	10	0
f.Personal and customer information services	70	25	45	0
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	0	0	0	0
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	0	0	0	0
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	15	0	15	0
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	15	0	15	0
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	35	20	15	0
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades	20	0	15	0
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	15	0	0	0
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	10	0	10	0
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction	20	10	10	0
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	0	0	0	0
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	20	15	0	0
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	0	0	0	0
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	30	10	20	0
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	0	0	0	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	10	10	0	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	25	0	25	0
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	15	0	10	0
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	0	0	0	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	15	10	10	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	0	0	0	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	0	0	0	0
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 141	465	125	315	10
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	60	35	15	10
111 - 112 Farms^Footnote 142	45	30	10	10
113 Forestry and logging	0	0	0	0
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping	0	0	0	0
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry	10	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0
211 Oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas)	0	0	0	0
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0
22 Utilities	0	0	0	0
221 Utilities	0	0	0	0
23 Construction	20	10	10	0
236 Construction of buildings	10	10	0	0
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction	0	0	0	0
238 Specialty trade contractors	10	0	10	0
31-33 Manufacturing	30	10	25	0
311 Food manufacturing	0	0	0	0
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	0	0	0	0
313 Textile mills	0	0	0	0
314 Textile product mills	0	0	0	0
315 Clothing manufacturing	0	0	0	0
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing	0	0	0	0
321 Wood product manufacturing	0	0	0	0
322 Paper manufacturing	0	0	0	0
323 Printing and related support activities	10	0	10	0
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing	0	0	0	0
325 Chemical manufacturing	0	0	0	0
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	0	0	0	0
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing	10	10	0	0
331 Primary metal manufacturing	10	0	0	0
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing	0	0	0	0
333 Machinery manufacturing	0	0	10	0
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing	0	0	0	0
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing	0	0	0	0
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing	0	0	0	0
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing	0	0	0	0
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing	10	10	0	0
41 Wholesale trade	30	10	15	0
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers	0	0	0	0
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers	0	0	0	0
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers	0	0	0	0
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers	10	0	10	0
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers	0	0	0	0
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers	0	0	0	0
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	15	10	10	0
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers	10	0	0	0
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers	0	0	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	40	0	45	0
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers	10	0	10	0
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores	0	0	0	0
443 Electronics and appliance stores	0	0	0	0
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	10	0	0	0
445 Food and beverage stores	10	0	10	0
446 Health and personal care stores	0	0	10	0
447 Gasoline stations	0	0	10	0
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores	0	0	0	0
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores	10	0	10	0
452 General merchandise stores	10	0	0	0
453 Miscellaneous store retailers	0	0	0	0
454 Non-store retailers	0	0	0	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	30	0	20	0
481 Air transportation	0	0	0	0
482 Rail transportation	0	0	0	0
483 Water transportation	10	0	0	0
484 Truck transportation	0	10	0	0
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation	20	10	10	0
486 Pipeline transportation	0	0	0	0
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation	0	0	0	0
488 Support activities for transportation	0	0	0	0
491 Postal service	10	0	0	0
492 Couriers and messengers	0	0	0	0
493 Warehousing and storage	0	0	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	10	0	10	0
511 Publishing industries (except Internet)	0	0	0	0
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries	0	0	0	0
515 Broadcasting (except Internet)	10	0	0	0
517 Telecommunications	0	0	0	0
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services	0	0	0	0
519 Other information services	0	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	0	0	0	0
521 Monetary authorities - central bank	0	0	0	0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities	0	0	0	0
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities	0	0	0	0
524 Insurance carriers and related activities	0	0	10	0
526 Funds and other financial vehicles	0	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	10	0	10	0
531 Real estate	0	0	0	0
532 Rental and leasing services	0	0	0	0
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	0	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	55	0	50	0
541 Professional, scientific and technical services	55	0	50	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0
551 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	20	10	20	0
561 Administrative and support services	25	0	20	0
562 Waste management and remediation services	0	0	0	0
61 Educational services	25	20	10	0
611 Educational services	25	20	0	0
62 Health care and social assistance	20	0	15	0
621 Ambulatory health care services	0	0	0	0
622 Hospitals	10	0	10	10
623 Nursing and residential care facilities	0	0	0	0
624 Social assistance	10	0	10	0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	10	0	10	0
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries	0	0	0	0
712 Heritage institutions	0	0	0	0
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries	10	10	10	0
72 Accommodation and food services	20	0	0	10
721 Accommodation services	0	0	0	0
722 Food services and drinking places	15	10	0	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	50	15	35	0
811 Repair and maintenance	10	0	0	0
812 Personal and laundry services	30	10	20	0
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations	0	0	0	0
814 Private households	10	0	0	0
91 Public administration	30	10	20	0
911 Federal government public administration	10	0	0	0
912 Provincial and territorial public administration	0	0	0	0
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration	20	0	15	0
914 Aboriginal public administration	0	0	0	0
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration	0	0	0	0
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 143	390	105	260	15
Worked at home	85	30	45	10
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	60	30	35	0
Worked at usual place	240	40	180	10
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 144	465	125	315	15
English	105	95	10	0
French	330	0	295	10
Non-official language	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
English and French	30	20	10	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 145	465	125	315	15
None	230	55	170	0
English	165	10	140	10
French	70	65	10	0
Non-official language	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	240	40	180	10
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	60	15	40	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	80	15	50	10
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	105	10	95	0
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 146	305	70	215	10
Car, truck, van - as a driver	230	55	170	0
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	25	0	15	0
Public transit	10	0	10	0
Walked	30	10	20	0
Bicycle	0	0	0	0
Other method	10	10	0	0
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 147	300	70	215	10
Less than 15 minutes	85	35	50	0
15 to 29 minutes	115	25	75	10
30 to 44 minutes	55	10	55	0
45 to 59 minutes	15	0	15	0
60 minutes and over	25	0	20	0
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 148	305	65	215	10
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	10	0	0	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	60	10	55	0
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	130	35	85	10
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	70	20	35	0
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	15	0	15	0
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	25	10	15	0
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 149	990	360	600	10
Non-movers	910	340	550	15
Movers	70	20	50	0
Non-migrants	10	0	10	0
Migrants	65	20	40	0
Internal migrants	65	20	40	0
Intraprovincial migrants	55	20	40	0
Interprovincial migrants	10	0	0	0
External migrants	0	0	0	0
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 150	960	340	585	10
Non-movers	690	255	415	0
Movers	265	90	170	0
Non-migrants	90	50	40	0
Migrants	180	40	135	0
Internal migrants	155	20	130	0
Intraprovincial migrants	155	20	130	10
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0
External migrants	20	20	0	0

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

Language groups are defined as follows: 'English' includes respondents who reported English only or English and one non-official language; 'French' includes respondents who reported French only or French and one non-official language; 'English and French' includes respondents who reported English and French, with or without one non-official language.

The 'Total - Mother tongue' category includes all groups mentioned in note 1 as well as respondents who reported a non-official language as their only mother tongue.

Footnote 2

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Footnote 3

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 4

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 5

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 6

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 7

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 8

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 9

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 10

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 11

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 12

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 13

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 14

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 15

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 16

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 17

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 18

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 19

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 20

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 21

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

Footnote 22

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 23

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 24

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 25

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 26

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 27

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 28

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 29

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 30

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 31

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 32

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 33

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 34

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 35

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 36

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 37

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 38

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

Footnote 39

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 40

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Footnote 41

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Footnote 42

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 43

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Footnote 44

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 45

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 46

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Footnote 47

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 48

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 49

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 50

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 51

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Footnote 52

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 53

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 54

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 55

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 56

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 57

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 58

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 59

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 60

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 61

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 62

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 63

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 64

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 65

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 66

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 67

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 68

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 69

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 70

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 71

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 72

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 73

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 74

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 75

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 76

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 77

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Footnote 78

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 79

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 80

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Footnote 81

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Footnote 82

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Footnote 83

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 84

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 85

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Footnote 86

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Footnote 87

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Footnote 88

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 89

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 90

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 91

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 94

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Footnote 96

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 97

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Footnote 98

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 99

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Footnote 100

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 101

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Footnote 102

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 103

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Footnote 107

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 108

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Footnote 109

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 110

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Footnote 111

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 112

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Footnote 114

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Footnote 116

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Footnote 118

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 119

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 120

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Footnote 121

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Footnote 122

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 123

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Footnote 124

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 125

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Footnote 127

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Footnote 128

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Footnote 129

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 130

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 131

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Footnote 132

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 133

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 134

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 135

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 136

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Footnote 137

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Footnote 138

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Footnote 139

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Footnote 140

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Footnote 141

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

Footnote 142

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

Footnote 143

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 144

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 145

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 146

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Footnote 147

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

Footnote 148

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

Footnote 149

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 150

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Data quality note(s) – Stanstead, CT

• Incomplete enumeration flag
  Default. Not applicable.
• Long-form data quality flag
  Global non-response rate (GNR), long-form census questionnaire: 7.5%.
• Long-form income data quality flag
  Default. Data quality index showing a long-form income non-response rate lower than 10%.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016354.