Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981), Mother Tongue (4), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

• Age (8B): Total - Age
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , mother tongue , age and sex for the population in private households in Deux-Montagnes

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981)	Mother tongue (4)
	Total - Mother tongue^Footnote 1	English	French	English and French
Population in private households - 25% sample data	97,135	5,575	85,115	1,070
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	97,140	5,575	85,110	1,070
0 to 14 years	17,935	800	16,125	320
0 to 4 years	5,850	230	5,240	135
5 to 9 years	6,565	290	5,905	105
10 to 14 years	5,515	275	4,980	80
15 to 64 years	64,920	3,815	56,235	625
15 to 19 years	5,415	360	4,715	60
20 to 24 years	5,510	330	4,865	85
25 to 29 years	5,200	285	4,565	80
30 to 34 years	6,115	380	5,150	60
35 to 39 years	7,325	380	6,130	50
40 to 44 years	6,560	350	5,430	70
45 to 49 years	6,670	370	5,745	55
50 to 54 years	7,875	460	6,930	40
55 to 59 years	7,835	475	6,970	60
60 to 64 years	6,415	430	5,725	60
65 years and over	14,285	960	12,750	130
65 to 69 years	5,655	435	5,030	30
70 to 74 years	3,875	235	3,510	40
75 to 79 years	2,305	150	2,045	30
80 to 84 years	1,485	105	1,290	0
85 years and over	960	45	875	15
85 to 89 years	745	35	700	10
90 to 94 years	180	10	145	0
95 to 99 years	35	0	35	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0
Average age	39.9	42.1	39.9	33.5
Median age	40.8	43.7	40.9	29.6
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 2	79,205	4,775	68,985	745
Married or living common law	47,995	2,700	41,540	370
Married	27,200	1,960	22,145	180
Living common law	20,795	740	19,390	195
Not married and not living common law	31,210	2,080	27,445	380
Never married	21,275	1,375	18,825	255
Separated	1,115	75	945	10
Divorced	5,430	385	4,730	65
Widowed	3,390	245	2,945	45
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 3	79,205	4,775	68,990	750
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	76,415	4,550	66,665	715
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,680	41,011	43,146	35,565
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,519	35,160	36,883	31,863
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	76,440	4,555	66,685	715
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,214	33,813	35,538	30,278
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,160	30,927	32,426	28,174
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	69,110	3,985	60,570	605
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,188	39,460	40,492	33,660
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,295	31,953	33,557	29,087
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	56,295	3,410	48,930	565
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,596	8,611	8,657	8,773
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,213	7,450	7,322	7,475
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	58,640	3,295	51,210	535
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,750	39,910	41,060	33,234
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,942	33,622	35,202	30,638
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^Footnote 4	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^Footnote 5	85.2	84.3	85.3	80.7
Employment income (%)^Footnote 6	73.3	70.5	73.1	69.8
Government transfers (%)^Footnote 7	14.8	15.7	14.7	19.7
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 8	79,205	4,775	68,990	745
Without total income	2,785	225	2,325	35
With total income	76,415	4,550	66,660	715
Percentage with total income	96.5	95.3	96.6	96.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	8,615	675	7,235	75
$10,000 to $19,999	12,375	730	10,745	140
$20,000 to $29,999	10,730	585	9,385	120
$30,000 to $39,999	10,005	615	8,645	115
$40,000 to $49,999	9,510	540	8,345	105
$50,000 to $59,999	7,550	470	6,555	55
$60,000 to $69,999	5,305	275	4,725	25
$70,000 to $79,999	4,300	200	3,855	35
$80,000 to $89,999	2,920	180	2,585	15
$90,000 to $99,999	1,580	65	1,430	20
$100,000 and over	3,530	225	3,155	10
$100,000 to $149,999	2,620	155	2,355	10
$150,000 and over	910	75	800	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 9	79,205	4,775	68,990	750
Without after-tax income	2,765	225	2,300	35
With after-tax income	76,440	4,550	66,685	710
Percentage with after-tax income	96.5	95.3	96.7	94.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	9,045	700	7,635	75
$10,000 to $19,999	12,950	750	11,260	155
$20,000 to $29,999	13,345	760	11,605	155
$30,000 to $39,999	13,570	795	11,875	150
$40,000 to $49,999	10,770	630	9,365	85
$50,000 to $59,999	7,300	415	6,480	40
$60,000 to $69,999	4,675	230	4,165	40
$70,000 to $79,999	2,030	100	1,820	15
$80,000 and over	2,750	175	2,470	0
$80,000 to $89,999	1,040	30	960	0
$90,000 to $99,999	575	45	510	0
$100,000 and over	1,135	95	995	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 10	79,205	4,775	68,985	745
Without employment income	20,560	1,480	17,780	210
With employment income	58,640	3,295	51,210	535
Percentage with employment income	74.0	69.0	74.2	71.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	7,085	525	6,120	70
$5,000 to $9,999	4,030	245	3,490	55
$10,000 to $19,999	7,965	375	6,985	70
$20,000 to $29,999	6,925	375	5,965	65
$30,000 to $39,999	6,910	400	5,975	75
$40,000 to $49,999	6,465	325	5,655	70
$50,000 to $59,999	5,395	335	4,650	40
$60,000 to $69,999	4,055	195	3,625	25
$70,000 to $79,999	3,620	165	3,245	30
$80,000 and over	6,205	360	5,505	30
$80,000 to $89,999	2,185	130	1,915	10
$90,000 to $99,999	1,270	55	1,145	15
$100,000 and over	2,745	175	2,450	10
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 11	79,205	4,775	68,985	745
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 12	27,445	1,615	23,800	200
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 13	50,043	50,972	50,325	40,848
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 14	55,963	58,475	56,258	45,919
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 15	97,135	5,575	85,115	1,065
English only	1,560	1,245	10	15
French only	46,900	25	45,300	70
English and French	48,350	4,295	39,795	990
Neither English nor French	320	10	0	0
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 16	97,135	5,575	85,115	1,070
English	5,990	4,355	890	180
French	85,975	855	83,040	485
Non-official language	2,390	15	85	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	2,390	10	85	10
English and French	1,340	305	595	370
English and non-official language	185	35	0	0
French and non-official language	1,020	0	455	0
English, French and non-official language	235	15	50	25
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 17	97,135	5,575	85,110	1,065
None	84,725	3,605	77,740	725
English	6,780	505	5,730	215
French	3,105	1,340	715	90
Non-official language	1,990	95	775	15
Aboriginal	15	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,975	90	775	15
English and French	185	0	0	0
English and non-official language	240	10	150	10
French and non-official language	110	25	0	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - First official language spoken for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 18	97,140	5,575	85,115	1,070
English	6,580	5,545	10	185
French	88,365	25	85,105	490
English and French	1,880	0	0	395
Neither English nor French	310	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^Footnote 19	7,520	5,550	10	380
Official language minority (percentage)^Footnote 20	7.7	99.6	0.0	35.5
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 21	97,140	5,575	85,110	1,070
Official languages	96,815	5,570	85,105	1,070
English	49,915	5,545	39,805	1,000
French	95,255	4,325	85,095	1,055
Non-official languages	9,630	500	3,740	125
Aboriginal languages	55	25	10	10
Non-Aboriginal languages	9,580	480	3,730	115
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 22	97,135	5,575	85,110	1,070
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 23	1,555	205	1,285	50
Single Aboriginal responses^Footnote 24	1,490	205	1,230	50
First Nations (North American Indian)^Footnote 25	845	175	635	30
Métis	635	30	590	15
Inuk (Inuit)	10	0	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^Footnote 26	10	0	10	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^Footnote 27	55	10	45	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	95,580	5,370	83,825	1,020
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 28	97,140	5,575	85,115	1,070
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 29	675	130	505	30
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	96,465	5,445	84,610	1,040
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 30	97,135	5,570	85,110	1,065
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 31	895	65	805	20
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 32	880	65	795	20
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^Footnote 33	735	55	645	20
Métis single ancestry	150	0	145	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^Footnote 34	10	0	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 35	3,490	310	3,085	90
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 36	3,435	305	3,025	95
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,135	280	2,770	75
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	280	20	240	10
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	0	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 37	60	0	60	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	40	0	40	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	0	20	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 38	92,750	5,205	81,225	955
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 39	97,140	5,575	85,115	1,070
Canadian citizens^Footnote 40	95,685	5,490	84,630	1,050
Canadian citizens only	93,085	5,380	83,600	1,035
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	2,600	105	1,025	10
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 41	1,450	80	485	20
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 42	97,140	5,575	85,115	1,070
Non-immigrants^Footnote 43	90,440	5,225	82,905	1,010
Immigrants^Footnote 44	6,500	345	2,165	55
Before 1981	1,235	175	510	15
1981 to 1990	725	45	210	10
1991 to 2000	1,170	25	390	10
2001 to 2010	2,550	55	800	20
2001 to 2005	1,230	25	385	0
2006 to 2010	1,320	40	410	20
2011 to 2016^Footnote 45	820	40	255	10
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 46	195	0	40	10
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 47	6,500	350	2,165	55
Under 5 years	835	90	450	20
5 to 14 years	1,120	60	365	10
15 to 24 years	1,105	85	285	15
25 to 44 years	3,160	100	1,000	0
45 years and over	290	10	60	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 48	6,500	345	2,165	55
Americas	1,340	135	280	0
Brazil	95	0	0	0
Colombia	195	0	10	0
El Salvador	55	0	0	0
Guyana	0	10	0	0
Haiti	270	0	170	0
Jamaica	0	10	0	0
Mexico	125	0	0	0
Peru	30	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	10	15	0	0
United States^Footnote 49	180	90	80	0
Other places of birth in Americas	365	20	15	0
Europe	2,500	155	1,045	20
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0
France	810	0	770	10
Germany	100	10	30	0
Greece	60	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 50	10	0	0	0
Italy	130	10	10	10
Netherlands	10	0	0	0
Poland	55	0	0	0
Portugal	90	10	0	0
Romania	480	0	20	0
Russian Federation	65	0	10	0
Serbia^Footnote 51	0	0	10	0
Ukraine	60	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 52	110	100	10	0
Other places of birth in Europe	500	20	170	10
Africa	1,590	20	630	20
Algeria	230	0	75	0
Egypt	110	0	15	10
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0
Morocco	515	0	110	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	720	10	430	10
Asia	1,060	30	205	15
Afghanistan	60	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 53	150	0	70	10
Hong Kong^Footnote 54	0	0	0	0
India	25	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 55	20	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 56	25	0	10	0
Lebanon	285	0	70	10
Pakistan	20	10	0	0
Philippines	55	10	10	0
Sri Lanka	25	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 57	40	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	60	0	15	0
Other places of birth in Asia	285	0	30	0
Oceania and other places of birth^Footnote 58	10	0	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 59	825	35	260	10
Americas	210	20	0	0
Brazil	50	0	0	0
Colombia	20	0	0	0
Cuba	40	0	0	0
Haiti	40	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0
Mexico	30	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 60	20	20	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 61	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	10	0
Europe	255	10	145	0
France	140	0	140	0
Germany	10	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 62	10	0	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 63	25	0	0	0
Romania	30	0	0	0
Russian Federation	15	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 64	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	25	0	0	0
Africa	290	10	100	10
Algeria	35	0	10	0
Cameroon	15	0	15	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	15	0	10	0
Côte d'Ivoire	15	0	10	0
Egypt	40	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Morocco	50	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	0	10
Tunisia	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	110	0	55	0
Asia	75	10	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 65	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 66	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 67	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0
Israel	15	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 68	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0
Philippines	15	10	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 69	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	10	0	10	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 70	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 71	0	0	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 72	97,135	5,575	85,115	1,070
First generation^Footnote 73	6,910	385	2,350	60
Second generation^Footnote 74	7,285	1,220	4,665	195
Third generation or more^Footnote 75	82,945	3,965	78,095	810
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^Footnote 76	5,400	175	1,680	40
Economic immigrants^Footnote 77	3,145	65	1,115	25
Principal applicants^Footnote 78	1,455	25	550	0
Secondary applicants^Footnote 79	1,685	35	560	20
Immigrants sponsored by family^Footnote 80	1,515	85	465	10
Refugees^Footnote 81	715	20	95	0
Other immigrants^Footnote 82	25	0	0	0
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 83	97,135	5,575	85,110	1,070
Total visible minority population^Footnote 84	5,895	315	2,735	125
South Asian^Footnote 85	180	40	65	10
Chinese	325	20	185	0
Black	2,100	170	1,505	45
Filipino	95	15	20	25
Latin American	900	15	75	0
Arab	1,350	10	510	10
Southeast Asian^Footnote 86	575	0	240	20
West Asian^Footnote 87	105	0	0	0
Korean	50	10	35	0
Japanese	10	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 88	35	0	10	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 89	175	35	90	15
Not a visible minority^Footnote 90	91,235	5,255	82,375	945
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 91	97,135	5,575	85,115	1,070
North American Aboriginal origins	4,390	365	3,890	115
First Nations (North American Indian)	3,935	335	3,490	100
Inuit	40	10	35	10
Métis	480	25	435	15
Other North American origins	67,630	2,500	64,355	600
Acadian	475	15	430	25
American	715	130	540	20
Canadian	64,500	2,370	61,465	525
New Brunswicker	10	0	10	0
Newfoundlander	30	30	0	0
Nova Scotian	10	0	10	0
Ontarian	45	0	45	0
Québécois	2,890	45	2,785	50
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 92	0	0	0	0
European origins	39,040	4,320	31,605	665
British Isles origins	10,965	3,285	7,225	380
Channel Islander	20	0	20	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0
English	3,010	1,510	1,285	185
Irish	7,185	1,750	5,255	135
Manx	0	0	0	0
Scottish	2,965	1,290	1,505	145
Welsh	160	130	15	15
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 93	430	305	100	25
French origins	25,390	1,455	23,470	320
Alsatian	0	0	0	0
Breton	240	0	240	0
Corsican	10	0	10	0
French	25,255	1,455	23,335	320
Western European origins (except French origins)	3,405	555	2,530	95
Austrian	115	15	65	10
Bavarian	0	0	0	0
Belgian	1,175	80	1,065	15
Dutch	245	75	135	15
Flemish	10	0	10	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0
German	1,680	380	1,100	55
Luxembourger	20	0	15	0
Swiss	345	20	275	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 94	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	240	105	115	10
Danish	20	10	15	0
Finnish	25	10	10	0
Icelandic	20	10	10	10
Norwegian	90	35	50	0
Swedish	55	30	25	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 95	20	15	0	0
Eastern European origins	2,585	455	945	85
Bulgarian	200	0	55	0
Byelorussian	25	0	0	0
Czech	85	15	35	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^Footnote 96	20	10	0	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	305	100	115	20
Latvian	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	35	10	20	10
Moldovan	85	0	10	0
Polish	605	135	345	15
Romanian	660	45	100	15
Russian	290	35	80	10
Slovak	65	25	35	0
Ukrainian	490	145	200	25
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 97	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	5,915	740	3,915	140
Albanian	15	10	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0
Croatian	15	10	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0
Greek	535	120	220	10
Italian	3,950	460	2,970	105
Kosovar	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	0	0	0
Maltese	10	0	10	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	825	105	420	20
Serbian	25	0	15	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	20	10	10	0
Spanish	820	50	395	25
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^Footnote 98	15	10	10	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 99	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	315	35	220	15
Basque	90	0	85	0
Jewish	145	35	55	10
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^Footnote 100	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 101	80	10	75	0
Caribbean origins	1,125	115	760	30
Antiguan	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	15	15	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0
Cuban	150	10	45	0
Dominican	55	10	30	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0
Haitian	775	15	630	30
Jamaican	105	50	45	10
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	10	10	10	0
St. Lucian	15	0	15	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	30	10	10	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^Footnote 102	20	15	10	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 103	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	1,375	65	340	40
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	40	10	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	30	0	10	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	10	0	0	0
Brazilian	90	10	15	0
Chilean	110	0	40	10
Colombian	215	10	35	0
Costa Rican	0	0	10	0
Ecuadorian	10	0	10	0
Guatemalan	55	10	10	0
Guyanese	0	10	0	0
Hispanic	25	10	0	0
Honduran	35	0	10	0
Maya	0	0	0	0
Mexican	395	15	75	15
Nicaraguan	15	0	10	0
Panamanian	25	0	10	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	80	10	15	15
Salvadorean	165	15	65	0
Uruguayan	65	0	0	0
Venezuelan	25	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 104	20	0	10	0
African origins	2,650	75	1,645	35
Central and West African origins	865	20	655	25
Akan	0	0	0	0
Angolan	10	0	10	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0
Beninese	105	0	90	0
Burkinabe	15	0	15	0
Cameroonian	110	0	105	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0
Congolese	190	10	140	20
Edo	0	0	0	0
Ewe	10	0	10	0
Gabonese	15	0	10	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0
Guinean	160	0	105	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	75	0	80	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0
Malian	15	0	15	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	10	0	10	0
Peulh	45	0	35	0
Senegalese	110	10	90	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0
Togolese	75	0	40	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 105	20	0	15	0
North African origins	1,320	10	680	10
Algerian	250	0	160	0
Berber	140	0	55	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	200	0	105	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	660	10	320	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	115	0	70	10
North African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 106	15	0	10	0
Southern and East African origins	195	20	115	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^Footnote 107	30	0	25	0
Burundian	40	0	20	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	25	0	15	0
Mauritian	45	0	40	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	30	10	10	0
Seychellois	10	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 108	15	10	10	0
Other African origins	320	30	230	0
Black, n.o.s.^Footnote 109	10	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 110	315	30	230	0
Asian origins	2,990	215	1,340	85
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,435	45	625	25
Afghan	65	10	0	10
Arab, n.o.s.^Footnote 111	320	0	205	0
Armenian	125	10	60	0
Assyrian	15	0	10	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0
Iranian	40	0	10	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0
Israeli	20	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	10	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	700	25	285	15
Palestinian	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	10	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0
Syrian	95	0	50	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0
Turk	120	0	50	10
Turkmen	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 112	30	0	0	0
South Asian origins	285	95	100	15
Bangladeshi	10	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0
East Indian	210	70	80	10
Goan	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	40	15	20	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	15	10	0	0
Sri Lankan	20	10	0	10
Tamil	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 113	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,285	85	620	50
Burmese	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	300	0	130	10
Chinese	545	55	320	10
Filipino	100	15	20	20
Hmong	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	30	0	10	0
Japanese	50	10	35	0
Karen	0	0	0	0
Korean	45	10	30	0
Laotian	140	0	70	10
Malaysian	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	10	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	15	0	10	0
Thai	50	0	35	10
Tibetan	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	215	0	105	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 114	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 115	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	15	10	10	0
Australian	20	10	10	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^Footnote 116	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 117	0	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 118	79,205	4,775	68,990	750
No certificate, diploma or degree	16,460	890	14,600	165
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^Footnote 119	18,750	1,640	16,070	245
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	44,000	2,245	38,315	330
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	15,330	675	13,930	125
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 120	10,960	510	9,905	90
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 121	4,370	170	4,025	40
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	14,560	940	12,655	125
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,870	80	2,505	25
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	11,240	550	9,220	55
Bachelor's degree	8,025	420	6,705	30
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,045	55	775	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	140	0	110	0
Master's degree	1,815	65	1,475	15
Earned doctorate^Footnote 122	215	10	160	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 123	79,205	4,775	68,990	750
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 124	35,210	2,530	30,670	415
Education	2,830	135	2,560	10
13. Education	2,835	135	2,565	10
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,610	140	1,335	25
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	340	20	310	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,270	120	1,020	20
Humanities	2,265	90	1,995	20
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	305	15	245	10
23. English language and literature/letters	85	10	40	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	1,320	40	1,215	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^Footnote 125	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	80	10	65	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	135	0	125	0
54. History	150	10	135	0
55. French language and literature/letters	190	0	165	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,565	285	2,865	30
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	30	0	25	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	425	35	365	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	965	55	800	10
22. Legal professions and studies	665	20	560	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^Footnote 126	75	0	75	10
42. Psychology	505	40	450	0
45. Social sciences	905	140	595	10
Business, management and public administration	10,030	485	8,755	75
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	445	20	405	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	9,580	465	8,340	80
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,225	75	1,005	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	355	20	305	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	230	15	195	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^Footnote 127	215	0	200	0
40. Physical sciences	375	35	250	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	55	0	55	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,920	90	1,600	20
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,665	75	1,390	15
25. Library science	150	10	130	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	85	10	65	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^Footnote 128	20	0	15	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	10,845	470	9,515	80
04. Architecture and related services	295	0	245	0
14. Engineering	1,390	40	960	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,955	105	1,725	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	10	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,860	70	2,700	30
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,690	165	2,365	20
48. Precision production	1,660	85	1,515	20
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	725	30	625	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	565	30	505	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	155	0	120	0
Health and related fields	4,975	270	4,420	35
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	275	30	225	0
51. Health professions and related programs	4,680	235	4,175	30
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	20	0	20	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	4,000	170	3,645	25
12. Personal and culinary services	2,040	95	1,860	15
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	0	15	0
43. Security and protective services	940	35	845	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,010	35	920	0
Other	0	0	10	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 129	79,205	4,775	68,985	750
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	35,210	2,530	30,670	415
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 130	44,000	2,245	38,320	335
Location of study inside Canada	41,720	2,160	37,565	320
Same as province or territory of residence	40,840	1,935	36,990	295
Different than province or territory of residence	880	225	570	30
Location of study outside Canada^Footnote 131	2,275	85	755	10
United States^Footnote 132	135	35	70	0
Philippines	15	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 133	65	25	35	0
China^Footnote 134	30	0	0	0
France	520	0	440	0
Other	1,510	20	210	0
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^Footnote 135	79,205	4,775	68,985	750
In the labour force	54,080	2,975	47,100	480
Employed	50,575	2,705	44,205	450
Unemployed	3,500	265	2,895	25
Not in the labour force	25,125	1,805	21,885	270
Participation rate	68.3	62.3	68.3	64.0
Employment rate	63.9	56.6	64.1	60.0
Unemployment rate	6.5	8.9	6.1	5.2
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^Footnote 136	79,205	4,775	68,990	750
Did not work^Footnote 137	23,535	1,725	20,340	270
Worked	55,670	3,045	48,640	480
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 138	27,915	1,665	24,165	205
Worked part year and/or part time^Footnote 139	27,755	1,380	24,480	270
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.5	43.4	43.6	41.1
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 140	56,995	3,130	49,775	490
a.Management	5,450	385	4,655	40
00 Senior management occupations	820	65	715	0
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	1,775	90	1,585	0
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	1,690	145	1,445	25
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	1,160	80	920	0
b.Professional	8,030	330	7,000	50
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	1,880	85	1,610	15
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	1,925	80	1,610	10
30 Professional occupations in nursing	835	15	745	15
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	375	0	345	0
40 Professional occupations in education services	1,630	70	1,465	10
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	960	40	865	0
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	430	40	365	0
c.Technical and paraprofessional	6,870	345	6,015	40
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	2,030	85	1,745	10
32 Technical occupations in health	1,280	55	1,135	0
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	1,995	110	1,725	25
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	465	25	435	0
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,110	70	975	15
d.Administration and administrative support	8,350	575	7,180	105
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	3,840	245	3,395	45
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	670	40	560	15
14 Office support occupations	2,320	200	1,915	20
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	1,520	90	1,310	30
e.Sales	5,890	355	5,135	75
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	1,120	70	945	10
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade	2,385	185	2,070	10
66 Sales support occupations	2,390	105	2,115	55
f.Personal and customer information services	9,030	505	7,870	70
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	945	45	835	15
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	725	30	650	0
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	1,665	110	1,450	15
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	2,680	175	2,235	20
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	3,020	140	2,700	20
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades	5,625	240	5,080	50
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	3,490	155	3,170	40
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	2,135	85	1,910	15
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction	4,280	225	3,815	30
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	895	95	760	0
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	2,650	95	2,405	20
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	730	40	650	0
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	730	40	635	10
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	80	10	70	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	245	0	215	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	400	30	355	10
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,745	130	2,380	25
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	385	20	320	10
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	845	30	755	10
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	830	40	720	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	690	45	580	10
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 141	56,995	3,135	49,775	490
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	905	15	755	0
111 - 112 Farms^Footnote 142	840	20	695	0
113 Forestry and logging	55	0	50	0
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping	0	0	0	0
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry	10	0	10	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	115	10	105	0
211 Oil and gas extraction	0	0	10	0
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas)	100	0	95	0
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction	10	10	10	0
22 Utilities	405	0	405	10
221 Utilities	405	0	405	10
23 Construction	4,935	225	4,515	40
236 Construction of buildings	1,470	80	1,320	20
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction	435	20	390	0
238 Specialty trade contractors	3,030	120	2,810	25
31-33 Manufacturing	6,785	375	5,880	35
311 Food manufacturing	755	15	690	0
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	155	0	145	0
313 Textile mills	15	0	10	0
314 Textile product mills	30	10	10	0
315 Clothing manufacturing	95	10	70	0
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing	10	0	0	0
321 Wood product manufacturing	175	20	155	0
322 Paper manufacturing	140	0	115	0
323 Printing and related support activities	310	15	275	0
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing	20	0	20	0
325 Chemical manufacturing	465	20	380	0
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	325	20	280	0
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing	190	0	180	0
331 Primary metal manufacturing	170	20	145	0
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing	610	30	545	0
333 Machinery manufacturing	455	15	405	10
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing	430	30	355	10
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing	220	0	185	0
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing	1,625	125	1,405	0
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing	245	0	230	0
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing	330	30	275	0
41 Wholesale trade	2,740	300	2,235	40
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers	20	0	15	0
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers	35	0	35	0
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers	360	35	305	0
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers	420	60	305	15
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers	255	65	185	0
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers	560	45	495	0
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	650	55	545	10
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers	255	20	220	0
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers	175	15	135	0
44-45 Retail trade	7,125	385	6,330	95
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers	1,040	50	955	15
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores	250	20	205	0
443 Electronics and appliance stores	225	30	170	0
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	565	25	525	0
445 Food and beverage stores	1,770	75	1,595	40
446 Health and personal care stores	675	15	615	10
447 Gasoline stations	135	10	125	0
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores	630	60	525	0
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores	240	10	215	0
452 General merchandise stores	970	45	860	30
453 Miscellaneous store retailers	490	25	435	0
454 Non-store retailers	125	20	100	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	3,550	285	2,950	40
481 Air transportation	345	40	270	10
482 Rail transportation	185	20	145	0
483 Water transportation	40	0	35	10
484 Truck transportation	880	55	760	15
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation	950	20	870	0
486 Pipeline transportation	0	0	0	0
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation	0	0	0	0
488 Support activities for transportation	450	75	310	0
491 Postal service	340	10	290	10
492 Couriers and messengers	220	35	165	0
493 Warehousing and storage	140	20	115	0
51 Information and cultural industries	1,320	75	1,115	10
511 Publishing industries (except Internet)	225	10	205	0
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries	205	15	180	0
515 Broadcasting (except Internet)	85	0	80	0
517 Telecommunications	645	35	520	10
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services	30	10	20	10
519 Other information services	135	10	120	0
52 Finance and insurance	2,245	135	1,865	20
521 Monetary authorities - central bank	0	0	0	0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities	1,155	60	965	10
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities	225	20	190	0
524 Insurance carriers and related activities	860	60	710	10
526 Funds and other financial vehicles	15	0	0	10
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	870	55	765	0
531 Real estate	605	20	550	0
532 Rental and leasing services	255	30	215	10
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	10	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	3,830	170	3,325	20
541 Professional, scientific and technical services	3,830	170	3,320	25
55 Management of companies and enterprises	40	10	35	0
551 Management of companies and enterprises	40	10	35	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,400	155	2,060	35
561 Administrative and support services	2,280	145	1,950	35
562 Waste management and remediation services	115	0	110	0
61 Educational services	3,355	210	2,945	25
611 Educational services	3,350	215	2,945	25
62 Health care and social assistance	6,615	250	5,900	50
621 Ambulatory health care services	1,590	50	1,425	20
622 Hospitals	2,325	55	2,150	15
623 Nursing and residential care facilities	960	45	845	10
624 Social assistance	1,730	95	1,475	10
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,240	75	1,095	15
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries	255	30	215	10
712 Heritage institutions	125	0	115	0
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries	860	35	765	10
72 Accommodation and food services	3,110	195	2,620	40
721 Accommodation services	215	10	180	0
722 Food services and drinking places	2,895	190	2,435	40
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,820	125	2,495	10
811 Repair and maintenance	1,140	45	1,010	0
812 Personal and laundry services	835	45	725	0
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations	715	35	645	10
814 Private households	130	0	115	0
91 Public administration	2,610	100	2,365	10
911 Federal government public administration	590	40	500	10
912 Provincial and territorial public administration	605	0	550	0
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration	1,395	50	1,295	0
914 Aboriginal public administration	20	0	10	0
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration	0	0	0	0
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 143	50,580	2,705	44,205	450
Worked at home	3,165	135	2,715	20
Worked outside Canada	105	0	85	0
No fixed workplace address	5,055	210	4,565	50
Worked at usual place	42,240	2,355	36,845	385
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 144	56,995	3,135	49,770	490
English	4,205	1,355	2,130	60
French	48,630	1,295	44,915	270
Non-official language	150	0	10	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	145	0	10	0
English and French	3,870	475	2,670	155
English and non-official language	15	10	0	0
French and non-official language	65	0	45	0
English, French and non-official language	55	0	10	0
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 145	56,995	3,130	49,770	490
None	36,410	1,205	32,925	305
English	17,125	1,005	14,935	145
French	3,120	895	1,755	40
Non-official language	235	20	95	0
Aboriginal	10	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	225	15	95	10
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	70	0	40	0
French and non-official language	40	10	25	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	42,245	2,360	36,845	385
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	7,305	240	6,785	45
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	6,570	365	5,935	70
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	28,260	1,720	24,070	265
Commute to a different province or territory	105	30	55	10
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 146	47,305	2,570	41,410	430
Car, truck, van - as a driver	38,545	1,890	34,215	335
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,540	90	1,335	20
Public transit	5,260	495	4,070	60
Walked	1,260	45	1,175	10
Bicycle	310	30	270	10
Other method	380	15	345	15
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 147	47,300	2,570	41,410	430
Less than 15 minutes	10,495	430	9,635	75
15 to 29 minutes	12,700	505	11,505	135
30 to 44 minutes	11,380	595	9,975	85
45 to 59 minutes	5,775	395	4,755	80
60 minutes and over	6,950	640	5,540	60
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 148	47,300	2,565	41,410	435
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	6,150	370	5,475	30
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	11,040	575	9,660	105
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	12,350	625	10,770	120
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	6,820	425	5,975	60
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	3,825	265	3,270	35
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	7,110	300	6,260	80
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 149	96,080	5,540	84,170	1,035
Non-movers	87,210	5,010	76,655	860
Movers	8,870	530	7,510	175
Non-migrants	3,185	240	2,745	65
Migrants	5,680	290	4,765	110
Internal migrants	5,395	280	4,660	110
Intraprovincial migrants	5,325	250	4,635	100
Interprovincial migrants	70	35	25	0
External migrants	285	10	110	0
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 150	91,285	5,340	79,870	935
Non-movers	61,265	3,640	54,525	575
Movers	30,020	1,700	25,350	360
Non-migrants	10,710	700	9,380	155
Migrants	19,315	1,000	15,965	200
Internal migrants	18,450	960	15,720	195
Intraprovincial migrants	18,185	910	15,545	190
Interprovincial migrants	260	50	170	0
External migrants	865	40	250	10

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

Language groups are defined as follows: 'English' includes respondents who reported English only or English and one non-official language; 'French' includes respondents who reported French only or French and one non-official language; 'English and French' includes respondents who reported English and French, with or without one non-official language.

The 'Total - Mother tongue' category includes all groups mentioned in note 1 as well as respondents who reported a non-official language as their only mother tongue.

Footnote 2

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Footnote 3

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 4

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 5

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 6

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 7

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 8

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 9

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 10

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 11

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 12

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 13

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 14

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 15

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 16

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 17

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 18

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 19

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 20

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 21

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

Footnote 22

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 23

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 24

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 25

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 26

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 27

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 28

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 29

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 30

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 31

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 32

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 33

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 34

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 35

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 36

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 37

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 38

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

Footnote 39

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 40

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Footnote 41

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Footnote 42

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 43

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Footnote 44

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 45

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 46

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Footnote 47

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 48

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 49

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 50

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 51

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Footnote 52

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 53

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 54

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 55

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 56

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 57

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 58

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 59

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 60

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 61

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 62

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 63

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 64

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 65

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 66

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 67

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 68

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 69

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 70

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 71

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 72

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 73

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 74

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 75

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 76

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 77

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Footnote 78

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 79

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 80

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Footnote 81

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Footnote 82

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Footnote 83

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 84

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 85

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Footnote 86

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Footnote 87

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Footnote 88

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 89

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 90

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 91

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 94

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Footnote 96

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 97

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Footnote 98

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 99

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Footnote 100

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 101

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Footnote 102

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 103

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Footnote 107

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 108

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Footnote 109

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 110

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Footnote 111

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 112

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Footnote 114

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Footnote 116

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Footnote 118

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 119

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 120

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Footnote 121

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Footnote 122

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 123

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Footnote 124

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 125

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Footnote 127

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Footnote 128

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Footnote 129

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 130

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 131

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Footnote 132

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 133

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 134

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 135

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 136

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Footnote 137

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Footnote 138

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Footnote 139

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Footnote 140

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Footnote 141

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

Footnote 142

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

Footnote 143

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 144

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 145

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 146

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Footnote 147

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

Footnote 148

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

Footnote 149

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 150

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Data quality note(s) – Deux-Montagnes

• Incomplete enumeration flag
  Excludes census data for one or more incompletely enumerated Indian reserves or Indian settlements.
• Long-form data quality flag
  Global non-response rate (GNR), long-form census questionnaire: 2.8%.
• Long-form income data quality flag
  Default. Data quality index showing a long-form income non-response rate lower than 10%.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016354.