Data tables, 2016 Census

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981), Mother Tongue (4), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

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Age (8B)

Sex (3)

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , mother tongue , age and sex for the population in private households in Russell, TP
Data quality
Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981)	Mother tongue (4)
	Total - Mother tongue^Footnote 1	English	French	English and French
Population in private households - 25% sample data	16,220	8,335	7,050	285
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	16,220	8,335	7,050	285
0 to 14 years	3,265	1,830	1,285	120
0 to 4 years	935	490	415	25
5 to 9 years	1,150	660	440	40
10 to 14 years	1,180	680	430	60
15 to 64 years	11,155	5,780	4,870	140
15 to 19 years	1,130	670	420	25
20 to 24 years	950	520	400	15
25 to 29 years	730	385	335	10
30 to 34 years	900	485	385	10
35 to 39 years	1,130	595	495	15
40 to 44 years	1,145	595	505	10
45 to 49 years	1,280	730	475	20
50 to 54 years	1,540	790	635	20
55 to 59 years	1,285	585	620	20
60 to 64 years	1,065	425	595	0
65 years and over	1,805	720	900	20
65 to 69 years	770	310	425	10
70 to 74 years	430	205	190	10
75 to 79 years	330	125	160	0
80 to 84 years	155	50	85	10
85 years and over	110	35	40	0
85 to 89 years	95	30	40	0
90 to 94 years	15	10	0	0
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0
Average age	38.3	36.1	39.9	27.7
Median age	40.0	37.5	42.3	19.2
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 2}	12,960	6,505	5,765	160
Married or living common law	8,800	4,285	4,020	80
Married	7,280	3,640	3,210	80
Living common law	1,520	640	810	10
Not married and not living common law	4,155	2,225	1,745	75
Never married	2,940	1,640	1,210	55
Separated	275	140	130	0
Divorced	520	280	200	20
Widowed	420	170	205	10
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 3}	12,960	6,505	5,765	160
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	12,470	6,200	5,615	145
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	53,969	54,354	54,155	56,996
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,779	48,742	48,182	49,550
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	12,470	6,195	5,615	145
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,456	44,753	44,878	46,978
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,341	42,263	41,393	44,213
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	11,820	5,850	5,355	140
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	52,433	53,641	51,848	54,972
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,127	47,193	45,869	47,943
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	7,765	3,710	3,610	100
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,830	6,171	7,353	6,232
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	4,107	3,048	5,264	775
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	10,270	5,290	4,515	115
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	51,271	52,085	50,614	59,539
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,505	46,779	46,390	65,805
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^{Footnote 4}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Footnote 5}	92.1	93.2	91.2	90.0
Employment income (%)^{Footnote 6}	78.2	81.8	75.2	82.8
Government transfers (%)^{Footnote 7}	7.9	6.8	8.7	7.5
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 8}	12,955	6,505	5,765	155
Without total income	485	310	150	15
With total income	12,470	6,200	5,615	145
Percentage with total income	96.3	95.3	97.4	93.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,345	765	495	too unreliable to be published F
$10,000 to $19,999	1,435	670	660	too unreliable to be published F
$20,000 to $29,999	1,215	595	525	too unreliable to be published F
$30,000 to $39,999	1,205	535	600	too unreliable to be published F
$40,000 to $49,999	1,285	590	610	too unreliable to be published F
$50,000 to $59,999	1,135	580	505	too unreliable to be published F
$60,000 to $69,999	1,155	560	535	too unreliable to be published F
$70,000 to $79,999	915	470	420	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 to $89,999	755	395	320	too unreliable to be published F
$90,000 to $99,999	670	300	350	too unreliable to be published F
$100,000 and over	1,375	735	575	too unreliable to be published F
$100,000 to $149,999	1,135	610	475	too unreliable to be published F
$150,000 and over	235	125	105	too unreliable to be published F
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 9}	12,955	6,505	5,765	160
Without after-tax income	485	310	150	15
With after-tax income	12,470	6,195	5,615	150
Percentage with after-tax income	96.3	95.2	97.4	93.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,415	800	525	too unreliable to be published F
$10,000 to $19,999	1,460	685	680	too unreliable to be published F
$20,000 to $29,999	1,580	765	720	too unreliable to be published F
$30,000 to $39,999	1,585	740	755	too unreliable to be published F
$40,000 to $49,999	1,435	685	670	too unreliable to be published F
$50,000 to $59,999	1,550	740	755	too unreliable to be published F
$60,000 to $69,999	1,135	615	470	too unreliable to be published F
$70,000 to $79,999	905	420	450	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 and over	1,405	750	590	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 to $89,999	595	320	245	too unreliable to be published F
$90,000 to $99,999	350	195	140	too unreliable to be published F
$100,000 and over	460	235	200	too unreliable to be published F
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 10}	12,955	6,505	5,765	160
Without employment income	2,685	1,215	1,245	45
With employment income	10,270	5,290	4,515	115
Percentage with employment income	79.3	81.3	78.3	71.9
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,105	575	465	too unreliable to be published F
$5,000 to $9,999	660	345	275	too unreliable to be published F
$10,000 to $19,999	1,065	490	520	too unreliable to be published F
$20,000 to $29,999	900	470	385	too unreliable to be published F
$30,000 to $39,999	830	435	370	too unreliable to be published F
$40,000 to $49,999	845	455	360	too unreliable to be published F
$50,000 to $59,999	935	525	400	too unreliable to be published F
$60,000 to $69,999	905	415	450	too unreliable to be published F
$70,000 to $79,999	730	395	305	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 and over	2,290	1,180	995	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 to $89,999	630	315	275	too unreliable to be published F
$90,000 to $99,999	600	270	300	too unreliable to be published F
$100,000 and over	1,060	590	425	too unreliable to be published F
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 11}	12,955	6,505	5,765	160
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 12}	5,890	3,100	2,510	85
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Footnote 13}	64,894	63,874	65,464	78,641
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Footnote 14}	69,472	70,060	68,966	80,940
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 15}	16,215	8,335	7,050	285
English only	5,905	5,415	25	20
French only	780	20	760	0
English and French	9,525	2,905	6,270	265
Neither English nor French	10	0	0	0
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 16}	16,220	8,330	7,050	285
English	9,870	8,145	1,270	125
French	5,740	130	5,550	30
Non-official language	120	0	35	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	120	0	35	0
English and French	345	50	190	100
English and non-official language	115	10	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	40	0	10	30
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 17}	16,220	8,335	7,055	280
None	12,145	7,325	4,310	205
English	2,055	100	1,875	25
French	1,765	865	840	50
Non-official language	205	30	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	205	30	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	20	0	20	0
French and non-official language	20	10	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - First official language spoken for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 18}	16,220	8,330	7,050	285
English	8,970	8,315	20	125
French	7,105	15	7,030	30
English and French	140	0	0	125
Neither English nor French	10	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Footnote 19}	7,175	15	7,030	90
Official language minority (percentage)^{Footnote 20}	44.2	0.2	99.7	31.6
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 21}	16,220	8,335	7,050	285
Official languages	16,210	8,330	7,050	280
English	15,430	8,315	6,290	285
French	10,305	2,920	7,030	265
Non-official languages	985	175	245	35
Aboriginal languages	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	975	175	240	35
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 22}	16,220	8,335	7,050	285
Aboriginal identity^{Footnote 23}	510	235	260	10
Single Aboriginal responses^{Footnote 24}	495	225	255	10
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Footnote 25}	225	125	100	0
Métis	255	95	150	10
Inuk (Inuit)	15	10	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Footnote 26}	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Footnote 27}	15	10	10	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	15,705	8,100	6,790	275
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 28}	16,220	8,330	7,050	285
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Footnote 29}	85	45	40	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	16,135	8,295	7,010	285
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 30}	16,215	8,330	7,050	280
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Footnote 31}	75	20	50	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Footnote 32}	75	15	50	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Footnote 33}	50	10	40	0
Métis single ancestry	20	0	15	10
Inuit single ancestry	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Footnote 34}	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Footnote 35}	1,080	590	435	40
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Footnote 36}	1,045	580	415	45
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	640	380	225	25
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	390	190	180	20
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	0	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Footnote 37}	35	15	25	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	35	10	25	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Footnote 38}	15,065	7,730	6,560	235
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 39}	16,220	8,335	7,050	285
Canadian citizens^{Footnote 40}	16,055	8,230	7,035	285
Canadian citizens only	15,825	8,130	7,000	255
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	230	100	35	30
Not Canadian citizens^{Footnote 41}	165	100	15	0
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 42}	16,215	8,335	7,050	280
Non-immigrants^{Footnote 43}	15,250	7,935	6,930	250
Immigrants^{Footnote 44}	930	375	120	30
Before 1981	480	230	35	10
1981 to 1990	150	30	20	0
1991 to 2000	110	25	25	10
2001 to 2010	140	50	30	25
2001 to 2005	65	25	15	0
2006 to 2010	75	25	15	25
2011 to 2016^{Footnote 45}	50	30	10	0
Non-permanent residents^{Footnote 46}	40	30	0	0
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 47}	930	370	120	30
Under 5 years	130	75	20	0
5 to 14 years	255	120	20	15
15 to 24 years	205	70	35	0
25 to 44 years	300	85	45	10
45 years and over	40	15	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 48}	930	370	120	30
Americas	150	90	20	10
Brazil	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	10	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0
Haiti	15	0	10	0
Jamaica	10	10	0	0
Mexico	10	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0
United States^{Footnote 49}	90	70	15	10
Other places of birth in Americas	20	15	0	0
Europe	530	235	45	10
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0
France	15	0	10	0
Germany	50	15	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Footnote 50}	15	10	0	0
Italy	25	0	10	0
Netherlands	80	10	10	0
Poland	10	0	0	0
Portugal	25	0	10	0
Romania	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	0	0	0
Serbia^{Footnote 51}	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Footnote 52}	205	200	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	85	0	10	0
Africa	90	10	50	25
Algeria	20	0	20	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	55	0	30	20
Asia	150	30	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0
China^{Footnote 53}	25	0	10	0
Hong Kong^{Footnote 54}	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Footnote 55}	10	0	0	0
Iraq	20	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Footnote 56}	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	35	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0
Philippines	15	10	0	0
Sri Lanka	10	0	0	0
Syria^{Footnote 57}	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	20	10	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Footnote 58}	10	10	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 59}	50	30	10	0
Americas	25	20	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0
United States^{Footnote 60}	25	25	0	0
Venezuela^{Footnote 61}	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0
Europe	10	10	0	0
France	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Footnote 62}	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Footnote 63}	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Footnote 64}	10	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0
Africa	10	0	10	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0
China^{Footnote 65}	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Footnote 66}	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Footnote 67}	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Footnote 68}	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Footnote 69}	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Footnote 70}	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Footnote 71}	0	0	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 72}	16,220	8,335	7,050	280
First generation^{Footnote 73}	1,110	510	135	40
Second generation^{Footnote 74}	1,530	1,210	210	10
Third generation or more^{Footnote 75}	13,580	6,605	6,705	240
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 76}	465	145	80	25
Economic immigrants^{Footnote 77}	185	50	50	10
Principal applicants^{Footnote 78}	100	20	40	0
Secondary applicants^{Footnote 79}	85	30	15	10
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Footnote 80}	170	75	25	0
Refugees^{Footnote 81}	110	25	0	25
Other immigrants^{Footnote 82}	0	0	0	0
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 83}	16,220	8,335	7,050	285
Total visible minority population^{Footnote 84}	610	265	115	35
South Asian^{Footnote 85}	65	50	0	0
Chinese	60	10	15	0
Black	200	100	55	25
Filipino	55	40	0	0
Latin American	25	10	0	0
Arab	135	20	40	0
Southeast Asian^{Footnote 86}	15	10	0	0
West Asian^{Footnote 87}	15	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Footnote 88}	25	10	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Footnote 89}	10	10	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Footnote 90}	15,610	8,070	6,940	250
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 91}	16,220	8,330	7,050	285
North American Aboriginal origins	1,150	600	490	50
First Nations (North American Indian)	725	405	290	25
Inuit	15	10	10	0
Métis	445	200	220	20
Other North American origins	8,835	3,470	5,225	130
Acadian	85	35	45	10
American	160	130	30	0
Canadian	8,660	3,390	5,135	125
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	15	10	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	20	0	20	0
Québécois	15	10	15	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 92}	0	0	0	0
European origins	11,010	6,900	3,570	200
British Isles origins	6,680	5,645	875	145
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0
English	3,030	2,565	355	100
Irish	3,435	2,870	475	90
Manx	0	0	0	0
Scottish	2,970	2,645	260	65
Welsh	200	185	0	10
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 93}	330	305	25	10
French origins	5,610	2,250	3,175	175
Alsatian	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0
French	5,610	2,255	3,180	175
Western European origins (except French origins)	2,305	1,725	360	40
Austrian	65	40	10	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0
Belgian	155	55	90	10
Dutch	780	635	50	10
Flemish	45	10	45	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0
German	1,405	1,135	185	15
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0
Swiss	65	30	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 94}	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	295	270	20	0
Danish	125	120	0	0
Finnish	50	45	0	0
Icelandic	15	10	0	0
Norwegian	30	35	0	0
Swedish	90	65	20	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 95}	20	20	0	0
Eastern European origins	930	785	55	15
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0
Czech	70	50	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Footnote 96}	15	10	0	0
Estonian	10	10	0	0
Hungarian	100	85	0	0
Latvian	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0
Polish	325	270	40	0
Romanian	30	20	0	0
Russian	115	110	0	0
Slovak	20	10	0	0
Ukrainian	315	275	10	15
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 97}	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	805	535	175	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0
Greek	40	25	0	0
Italian	525	360	120	0
Kosovar	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0
Maltese	10	10	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	95	50	20	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0
Spanish	115	75	20	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Footnote 98}	30	15	10	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 99}	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	25	0	15	0
Basque	0	0	0	0
Jewish	10	10	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Footnote 100}	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 101}	20	10	15	0
Caribbean origins	135	90	20	10
Antiguan	15	10	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0
Cuban	15	15	0	0
Dominican	10	15	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0
Haitian	25	0	10	0
Jamaican	75	55	0	10
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Footnote 102}	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 103}	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	60	40	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	10	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0
Chilean	20	20	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	10	10	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	15	10	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	10	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 104}	0	0	0	0
African origins	200	70	80	25
Central and West African origins	40	10	30	0
Akan	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0
Chadian	10	0	0	0
Congolese	15	0	15	0
Edo	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0
Guinean	10	10	10	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	10	10	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 105}	0	0	0	0
North African origins	80	25	45	0
Algerian	40	10	35	0
Berber	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	25	15	10	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	15	0	10	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	10	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 106}	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	45	25	0	25
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Footnote 107}	0	0	0	0
Burundian	25	0	0	20
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0
South African	20	20	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 108}	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	55	20	0	20
Black, n.o.s.^{Footnote 109}	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 110}	55	15	10	25
Asian origins	445	235	45	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	210	100	20	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Footnote 111}	0	0	0	0
Armenian	10	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0
Iranian	10	0	0	0
Iraqi	40	30	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	130	45	15	0
Palestinian	10	10	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0
Syrian	10	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0
Turk	10	10	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 112}	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	75	50	15	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0
East Indian	70	55	10	0
Goan	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	15	15	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 113}	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	160	80	20	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0
Chinese	85	30	20	0
Filipino	50	40	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	15	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	10	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 114}	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 115}	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	20	15	0	0
Australian	20	20	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Footnote 116}	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 117}	0	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 118}	12,960	6,505	5,765	160
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,930	905	920	30
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Footnote 119}	3,810	1,890	1,765	25
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,215	3,705	3,085	110
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	925	425	470	15
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Footnote 120}	460	225	210	0
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Footnote 121}	465	200	260	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	3,380	1,770	1,420	40
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	300	120	140	10
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	2,615	1,390	1,060	40
Bachelor's degree	1,925	1,030	790	40
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	190	80	100	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	35	10	20	10
Master's degree	410	235	145	0
Earned doctorate^{Footnote 122}	55	40	15	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 123}	12,955	6,505	5,765	160
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 124}	5,740	2,800	2,685	50
Education	525	245	270	0
13. Education	525	245	265	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	205	120	65	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	40	20	15	0
50. Visual and performing arts	170	100	50	0
Humanities	305	180	115	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	55	15	35	0
23. English language and literature/letters	70	65	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	55	20	35	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Footnote 125}	10	10	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	0	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	0	0	0
54. History	60	50	10	0
55. French language and literature/letters	35	10	20	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	870	510	325	15
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	10	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	85	60	20	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	150	85	50	0
22. Legal professions and studies	120	65	55	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Footnote 126}	15	10	10	0
42. Psychology	110	70	40	0
45. Social sciences	380	220	155	10
Business, management and public administration	1,355	640	600	30
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	10	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	150	60	70	20
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,190	560	535	15
Physical and life sciences and technologies	250	145	100	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	140	100	40	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	40	25	10	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Footnote 127}	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	55	15	35	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	420	205	170	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	355	165	155	0
25. Library science	35	20	15	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	25	20	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Footnote 128}	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,480	710	695	25
04. Architecture and related services	50	25	25	0
14. Engineering	220	120	70	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	415	200	195	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	305	125	170	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	345	180	155	10
48. Precision production	140	55	75	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	195	105	55	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	150	75	35	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	50	35	15	0
Health and related fields	1,005	560	390	10
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	85	50	40	0
51. Health professions and related programs	920	505	355	10
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	605	290	295	10
12. Personal and culinary services	210	75	125	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	25	20	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	15	10	0	0
43. Security and protective services	250	140	100	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	105	55	55	0
Other	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 129}	12,955	6,505	5,765	160
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,745	2,800	2,680	50
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 130}	7,215	3,700	3,085	110
Location of study inside Canada	6,855	3,545	3,020	95
Same as province or territory of residence	5,675	2,960	2,470	85
Different than province or territory of residence	1,180	585	545	10
Location of study outside Canada^{Footnote 131}	360	155	65	15
United States^{Footnote 132}	120	80	35	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0
India	10	10	0	0
United Kingdom^{Footnote 133}	65	55	0	0
China^{Footnote 134}	10	0	0	0
France	10	10	10	0
Other	140	15	15	15
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Footnote 135}	12,955	6,500	5,765	160
In the labour force	9,400	4,870	4,110	115
Employed	9,010	4,630	3,975	110
Unemployed	390	240	145	10
Not in the labour force	3,555	1,640	1,650	45
Participation rate	72.6	74.9	71.3	71.9
Employment rate	69.5	71.2	69.0	68.8
Unemployment rate	4.1	4.9	3.5	8.7
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Footnote 136}	12,955	6,505	5,765	160
Did not work^{Footnote 137}	3,115	1,450	1,430	30
Worked	9,840	5,060	4,335	130
Worked full year, full time^{Footnote 138}	5,960	3,120	2,540	90
Worked part year and/or part time^{Footnote 139}	3,875	1,940	1,795	35
Average weeks worked in reference year	44.5	44.4	44.5	42.6
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 140}	10,050	5,165	4,430	130
a.Management	1,135	655	435	0
00 Senior management occupations	105	60	45	0
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	465	265	180	10
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	300	200	90	0
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	260	125	115	0
b.Professional	2,040	1,050	875	50
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	395	175	210	0
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	500	300	150	25
30 Professional occupations in nursing	175	125	40	10
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	95	45	45	0
40 Professional occupations in education services	410	165	235	0
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	355	185	140	20
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	105	45	55	0
c.Technical and paraprofessional	1,305	720	530	15
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	365	205	140	0
32 Technical occupations in health	220	115	95	0
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	290	135	140	0
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	285	150	115	10
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	155	110	40	0
d.Administration and administrative support	1,540	725	790	0
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	785	345	415	0
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	105	55	50	0
14 Office support occupations	495	240	250	0
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	155	80	70	0
e.Sales	730	350	325	15
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	180	90	75	0
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade	305	120	150	20
66 Sales support occupations	245	140	100	0
f.Personal and customer information services	1,395	725	605	10
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	95	45	35	0
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	175	95	80	0
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	225	105	120	0
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	395	230	145	0
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	505	255	225	10
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades	850	395	420	15
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	550	235	290	0
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	300	160	135	0
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction	675	340	295	10
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	70	30	30	0
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	450	235	195	10
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	160	75	70	10
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	240	140	80	10
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	45	40	0	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	75	35	35	10
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	115	70	40	0
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	145	65	75	0
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	35	20	15	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	30	20	15	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	50	20	25	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	30	10	25	0
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 141}	10,045	5,165	4,435	130
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	175	80	85	10
111 - 112 Farms^{Footnote 142}	165	75	75	10
113 Forestry and logging	10	0	10	0
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping	0	0	0	0
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry	10	10	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	10	10	0	0
211 Oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas)	10	10	0	0
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction	10	10	0	0
22 Utilities	45	40	0	0
221 Utilities	45	40	0	10
23 Construction	970	400	540	10
236 Construction of buildings	305	150	155	0
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction	55	35	15	0
238 Specialty trade contractors	610	215	370	10
31-33 Manufacturing	335	190	125	0
311 Food manufacturing	45	25	20	0
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	10	10	10	0
313 Textile mills	0	0	0	0
314 Textile product mills	0	0	0	0
315 Clothing manufacturing	0	0	0	0
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing	0	0	0	0
321 Wood product manufacturing	10	10	0	0
322 Paper manufacturing	10	0	10	0
323 Printing and related support activities	25	15	0	0
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing	0	0	0	0
325 Chemical manufacturing	15	15	0	0
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	0	10	0	0
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing	35	20	15	0
331 Primary metal manufacturing	10	0	0	0
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing	50	25	20	0
333 Machinery manufacturing	10	0	0	0
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing	15	0	15	0
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing	10	0	0	0
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing	50	40	15	10
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing	25	20	10	0
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing	25	10	15	0
41 Wholesale trade	335	190	125	0
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers	0	0	0	0
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers	0	0	0	0
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers	30	10	15	0
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers	15	0	0	0
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers	30	10	20	0
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers	55	25	25	0
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	145	90	50	0
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers	45	35	0	0
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers	15	10	10	0
44-45 Retail trade	910	490	380	15
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers	130	75	60	0
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores	10	0	10	0
443 Electronics and appliance stores	20	10	10	0
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	85	55	25	0
445 Food and beverage stores	215	100	120	0
446 Health and personal care stores	125	60	65	0
447 Gasoline stations	40	25	10	0
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores	45	20	20	0
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores	30	25	0	0
452 General merchandise stores	130	85	35	10
453 Miscellaneous store retailers	35	15	15	0
454 Non-store retailers	40	20	15	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	480	220	235	10
481 Air transportation	30	10	10	0
482 Rail transportation	0	0	0	0
483 Water transportation	0	0	0	0
484 Truck transportation	80	40	30	0
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation	100	40	45	0
486 Pipeline transportation	0	0	0	0
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation	0	0	0	0
488 Support activities for transportation	115	50	65	0
491 Postal service	100	35	60	0
492 Couriers and messengers	55	30	20	0
493 Warehousing and storage	10	0	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	150	90	45	10
511 Publishing industries (except Internet)	15	10	10	0
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries	15	15	0	0
515 Broadcasting (except Internet)	0	0	0	0
517 Telecommunications	80	40	30	10
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services	0	10	0	0
519 Other information services	20	20	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	320	150	165	0
521 Monetary authorities - central bank	10	10	0	0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities	155	60	90	0
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities	25	20	10	0
524 Insurance carriers and related activities	125	60	60	0
526 Funds and other financial vehicles	10	0	10	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	140	80	50	10
531 Real estate	100	60	30	0
532 Rental and leasing services	40	20	20	10
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	0	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	570	360	180	10
541 Professional, scientific and technical services	570	360	175	10
55 Management of companies and enterprises	20	10	0	0
551 Management of companies and enterprises	20	15	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	465	290	150	0
561 Administrative and support services	420	270	130	0
562 Waste management and remediation services	40	25	20	0
61 Educational services	775	295	455	0
611 Educational services	775	290	455	10
62 Health care and social assistance	1,045	550	430	10
621 Ambulatory health care services	320	180	115	10
622 Hospitals	295	165	115	0
623 Nursing and residential care facilities	150	75	65	0
624 Social assistance	285	135	135	0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	300	160	130	0
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries	65	40	20	0
712 Heritage institutions	30	10	20	0
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries	205	105	90	0
72 Accommodation and food services	425	255	150	0
721 Accommodation services	35	25	0	0
722 Food services and drinking places	395	230	145	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	415	185	220	10
811 Repair and maintenance	120	45	75	0
812 Personal and laundry services	150	55	85	10
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations	120	60	45	10
814 Private households	30	25	0	0
91 Public administration	2,170	1,120	975	30
911 Federal government public administration	1,705	900	770	15
912 Provincial and territorial public administration	120	50	55	10
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration	330	170	140	0
914 Aboriginal public administration	0	0	0	0
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration	15	10	10	0
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 143}	9,010	4,630	3,970	110
Worked at home	700	345	310	20
Worked outside Canada	15	0	10	0
No fixed workplace address	975	475	445	20
Worked at usual place	7,315	3,800	3,205	70
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 144}	10,050	5,165	4,430	130
English	7,325	4,910	2,035	80
French	2,205	155	2,020	20
Non-official language	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
English and French	515	100	380	25
English and non-official language	10	10	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 145}	10,050	5,165	4,435	130
None	5,705	3,955	1,405	80
English	1,480	130	1,340	0
French	2,835	1,075	1,685	40
Non-official language	25	10	10	10
Aboriginal	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	25	10	10	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	10	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	7,315	3,795	3,210	70
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,485	610	810	15
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	485	120	330	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	5,075	2,945	1,920	50
Commute to a different province or territory	270	120	145	0
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Footnote 146}	8,290	4,275	3,650	90
Car, truck, van - as a driver	7,000	3,640	3,045	70
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	635	320	305	10
Public transit	285	145	120	0
Walked	255	120	120	0
Bicycle	20	10	15	0
Other method	100	45	45	10
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Footnote 147}	8,290	4,275	3,650	90
Less than 15 minutes	1,585	670	845	20
15 to 29 minutes	1,670	865	720	20
30 to 44 minutes	3,170	1,710	1,350	30
45 to 59 minutes	1,295	765	470	20
60 minutes and over	565	275	265	0
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Footnote 148}	8,295	4,275	3,650	90
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	810	455	295	10
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,440	1,245	1,110	30
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,505	1,290	1,130	20
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,230	590	555	25
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	410	255	145	0
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	900	445	420	10
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Footnote 149}	16,010	8,210	6,970	275
Non-movers	14,300	7,295	6,275	230
Movers	1,705	915	700	45
Non-migrants	660	325	300	15
Migrants	1,050	590	390	35
Internal migrants	990	550	395	25
Intraprovincial migrants	830	465	315	25
Interprovincial migrants	160	90	70	0
External migrants	55	40	0	0
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Footnote 150}	15,285	7,845	6,640	260
Non-movers	10,315	5,030	4,720	190
Movers	4,975	2,820	1,915	75
Non-migrants	1,855	940	830	20
Migrants	3,120	1,875	1,085	55
Internal migrants	2,905	1,720	1,060	50
Intraprovincial migrants	2,355	1,430	820	45
Interprovincial migrants	555	295	240	0
External migrants	210	165	30	0

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

...

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

Language groups are defined as follows: 'English' includes respondents who reported English only or English and one non-official language; 'French' includes respondents who reported French only or French and one non-official language; 'English and French' includes respondents who reported English and French, with or without one non-official language.

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The 'Total - Mother tongue' category includes all groups mentioned in note 1 as well as respondents who reported a non-official language as their only mother tongue.

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Footnote 2

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

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Footnote 3

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

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Footnote 4

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 5

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 6

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 7

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 8

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Footnote 9

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 10

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Footnote 11

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Footnote 12

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 13

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

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Footnote 14

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

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Footnote 15

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 16

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 17

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 18

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 19

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

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Footnote 20

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Footnote 21

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 21 referrer

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

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Footnote 22

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 23

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 24

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 25

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 26

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 27

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 28

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 29

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 30

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 31

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 32

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 33

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 34

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 35

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 36

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 37

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 38

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 39

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 40

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 41

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 42

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 43

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 44

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 45

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 47

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 47 referrer

Footnote 48

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 50

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 51

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 52

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 53

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 54

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 55

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 56

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 57

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 58

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 59

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 60

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 62

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 64

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Footnote 65

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 66

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 67

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 68

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 69

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 70

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 71

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 72

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 74

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 75

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 76

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 77

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 78

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 79

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 80

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 81

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 82

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 83

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 84

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 85

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 86

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 87

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 88

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 89

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 90

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 91

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 94

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 96

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 97

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 98

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 99

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 100

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 101

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 102

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 103

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 107

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 108

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 109

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 110

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 111

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 112

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 114

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 116

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 118

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 119

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 120

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 121

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 122

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 123

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 124

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 125

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 127

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 128

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 129

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 130

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 131

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 132

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 133

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Footnote 134

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 135

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 136

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 137

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 138

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 139

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 140

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 141

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

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Footnote 142

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

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Footnote 143

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 144

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 145

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 146

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 147

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 148

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 149

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 150

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016354.

Date modified:: 2019-06-17

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Data tables, 2016 Census

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981), Mother Tongue (4), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

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