Income Sources and Taxes (34) and Income Statistics (5A) for the Population Aged 15 Years and Over in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

This table details income sources and taxes and income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households in Alberta

Income sources and taxes (34)	Income statistics (5A)
	Total - Population aged 15 years and over	With an amount	Percentage with an amount (%)	Average amount ($)^Footnote 1	Aggregate amount ($'000)
Total income^Footnote 2	3,206,045	3,054,555	95.3	62,778	191,757,480
Market income^Footnote 3	3,206,050	2,840,675	88.6	62,997	178,955,306
Employment income^Footnote 4	3,206,045	2,473,670	77.2	59,343	146,793,919
Wages, salaries and commissions^Footnote 5	3,206,045	2,310,975	72.1	61,171	141,365,607
Net self-employment income^Footnote 6	3,206,045	331,430	10.3	16,379	5,428,393
Investment income^Footnote 7	3,206,050	1,047,840	32.7	19,646	20,585,593
Private retirement income^Footnote 8	3,206,045	335,650	10.5	21,710	7,287,098
Market income not included elsewhere^Footnote 9	3,206,045	529,650	16.5	8,097	4,288,761
Government transfers^Footnote 10	3,206,045	1,784,350	55.7	7,175	12,802,313
Old Age Security pension (OAS) and Guaranteed Income Supplement (GIS)^Footnote 11	3,206,045	394,305	12.3	7,634	3,010,050
Old Age Security pension (OAS)^Footnote 12	3,206,045	390,155	12.2	6,147	2,398,127
Guaranteed Income Supplement (GIS) and spousal allowance^Footnote 13	3,206,045	117,765	3.7	5,196	611,926
Canada Pension Plan (CPP) and Québec Pension Plan (QPP) benefits^Footnote 14	3,206,045	549,175	17.1	7,357	4,040,503
CPP/QPP - Retirement benefits^Footnote 15	3,206,045	481,325	15.0	6,754	3,251,084
CPP/QPP - Disability benefits^Footnote 16	3,206,045	34,735	1.1	10,932	379,717
CPP/QPP - Survivor benefits^Footnote 17	3,206,050	107,500	3.4	3,811	409,693
Employment Insurance (EI) benefits^Footnote 18	3,206,045	245,275	7.7	7,439	1,824,587
EI - Regular benefits^Footnote 19	3,206,045	167,060	5.2	6,240	1,042,537
EI - Other benefits^Footnote 20	3,206,045	87,705	2.7	8,916	782,050
Child benefits^Footnote 21	3,206,045	478,025	14.9	4,169	1,993,120
Basic Canada Child Tax Benefit (CCTB)^Footnote 22	3,206,045	329,725	10.3	1,713	564,771
National Child Benefit Supplement (NCBS)^Footnote 23	3,206,045	150,810	4.7	2,479	373,899
Universal Child Care Benefit (UCCB)^Footnote 24	3,206,050	471,120	14.7	2,024	953,599
Provincial and territorial child benefits^Footnote 25	3,206,045	169,790	5.3	594	100,825
Other government transfers^Footnote 26	3,206,050	1,008,535	31.5	1,918	1,934,062
Social assistance benefits^Footnote 27	3,206,045	150,225	4.7	6,832	1,026,331
Workers' compensation benefits^Footnote 28	3,206,045	38,185	1.2	7,631	291,393
Working income tax benefit (WITB)^Footnote 29	3,206,045	110,890	3.5	773	85,682
Goods and services tax (GST) credit and harmonized sales tax (HST) credit^Footnote 30	3,206,045	915,435	28.6	334	305,993
Government transfers not included elsewhere^Footnote 31	3,206,045	147,245	4.6	1,526	224,709
After-tax income^Footnote 32	3,206,045	3,055,230	95.3	50,683	154,846,798
Income taxes^Footnote 33	3,206,045	2,202,430	68.7	16,759	36,910,709
Net federal tax^Footnote 34	3,206,045	2,187,510	68.2	11,857	25,937,692
Provincial and territorial income taxes^Footnote 35	3,206,045	1,964,670	61.3	5,585	10,973,036

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 2

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Footnote 3

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Footnote 4

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

Footnote 5

Wages, salaries and commissions - Gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income taxes, pension plan contributions and employment insurance premiums during the reference period. While other employee remuneration such as security options benefits, board and lodging and other taxable allowances and benefits are included in this source, employers' contributions to pension plans and employment insurance plans are excluded. Other receipts included in this source are military pay and allowances, tips, commissions and cash bonuses associated with paid employment, benefits from wage-loss replacement plans or income-maintenance insurance plans, supplementary unemployment benefits from an employer or union, research grants, royalties from a work or invention with no associated expenses and all types of casual earnings during the reference period.

Footnote 6

Net self-employment income - Net income (gross receipts minus cost of operation and capital cost allowance) received during the reference period from self-employment activities, either on own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships, only the person's share of income is included. Net partnership income of a limited or non-active partner is excluded. It includes farming income, fishing income and income from unincorporated business or professional practice. Commission income for a self-employed commission salesperson and royalties from a work or invention with expenses associated are also included in this source.

Footnote 7

Investment income - Income received during the reference period in the form of interest from deposits in banks, trust companies, co-operatives, credit unions and caisses populaires, interests on savings certificates, bonds and debentures, dividends from both Canadian and foreign stocks, net rental income from real estate, mortgage and loan interest received, regular income from an estate or trust fund, interest from insurance policies and net partnership income for a limited or non-active partner. This variable does not include net capital gains or losses as they are not part of the standard income definition.

Footnote 8

Private retirement income - All regular income received during the reference period associated with employer or personal retirement pensions, benefits or savings plans. It includes payments received from all annuities, including payments from employers' registered retirement plans (RPPs), pooled registered pension plans (PRPPs) and matured registered retirement savings plans (RRSPs) in the form of a life annuity, a fixed-term annuity, a registered retirement income fund (RRIF) or an income-averaging annuity contract; pensions paid to widow(er)s or other relatives of deceased pensioners; pensions of retired civil servants, Canadian Armed Forces personnel and Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) officers; annuity payments received from the Canadian Government Annuities Fund, an insurance company, etc. It does not include lump-sum death benefits, lump-sum benefits or withdrawals from a pension plan or RRSP or refunds of over-contributions.

Footnote 9

Market income not included elsewhere - Regular cash income from market sources that are not included in any of the other market income sources during the reference period. For example, severance pay and retirement allowances, alimony or child support received, periodic support from other persons not in the household, any income from abroad that is not investment income, scholarships, bursaries, fellowships and study grants and artists' project grants are included.

Footnote 10

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Footnote 11

Old Age Security pension (OAS) and Guaranteed Income Supplement (GIS) - Old Age Security pension and Guaranteed Income Supplements paid to persons aged 65 years and over, and to the Allowance or the Allowance for the Survivor paid to 60- to 64-year-old spouses of old age security recipients or widow(er)s by the federal government during the reference period.

Footnote 12

Old Age Security pension (OAS) - Old Age Security pension paid to persons aged 65 years and over by the federal government during the reference period. The Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance and Allowance for the Survivor are excluded.

Footnote 13

Guaranteed Income Supplement (GIS) and spousal allowance - Guaranteed Income Supplement paid to persons aged 65 years and over, and the Allowance or the Allowance for the Survivor paid to 60- to 64-year-old spouses of old age security recipients or widow(er)s by the federal government during the reference period.

Footnote 14

Canada Pension Plan (CPP) and Québec Pension Plan (QPP) benefits - Benefits received during the reference period from the Canada Pension Plan or Québec Pension Plan in the form of retirement pensions, survivors' benefits and disability benefits. It does not include lump-sum death benefits.

Footnote 15

Canada Pension Plan (CPP) and Québec Pension Plan (QPP) - Retirement benefits - Retirement benefits received during the reference period from the Canada Pension Plan or Québec Pension Plan.

Footnote 16

Canada Pension Plan (CPP) and Québec Pension Plan (QPP) - Disability benefits - Disability benefits received during the reference period from the Canada Pension Plan or Québec Pension Plan.

Footnote 17

Canada Pension Plan (CPP) and Québec Pension Plan (QPP) - Survivor benefits - Regular benefits received by surviving spouse or common-law partner, children or estate of a deceased Canada Pension Plan or Québec Pension Plan contributor during the reference period from the Canada Pension Plan or Québec Pension Plan. Does not include lump-sum death benefits.

Footnote 18

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal Employment Insurance Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

Footnote 19

Employment Insurance (EI) - Regular benefits - Regular benefits for unemployment received under the federal Employment Insurance program during the reference period, before income tax deductions.

Footnote 20

Employment Insurance (EI) - Other benefits - Benefits for sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal Employment Insurance program or the Québec parental insurance plan during the reference period, before income tax deductions.

Footnote 21

Child benefits - Payments received by parents or guardians with dependent children from various federal, provincial and territorial child benefit programs during the reference period.

Footnote 22

Basic Canada child tax benefit (CCTB) - Basic Canada child tax benefit (CCTB) payments received by parents or guardians with dependent children during the reference period. These benefits aim at helping low- and middle-income families; the amount of benefits received depends on a family's income and the number of children within the family. This variable also includes the child disability benefit (CDB).

Footnote 23

National child benefit supplement (NCBS) - National child benefit supplement (NCBS) received by parents or guardians with dependent children during the reference period. These benefits aim at helping low-income families; the amount of benefits received depends on a family's income and the number of children within the family.

Footnote 24

Universal child care benefit (UCCB) - Universal child care benefit (UCCB) payments received by parents or guardians with dependent children during the reference period. The amount of benefits received depends on the number and age of children within a family.

Footnote 25

Provincial and territorial child benefits - Provincial or territorial child benefits received by parents or guardians with dependent children during the reference period. Some of these programs include a basic benefit amount as well as an earned income supplement.

Footnote 26

Other government transfers - All government transfers received during the reference period other than those from the following sources:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs.

The key components of this variable are social assistance benefits, workers' compensation benefits, working income tax benefit, goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit, refundable provincial tax credits, provincial income supplements for seniors, other provincial credits, benefits and rebates, veterans' pensions, war veterans' allowance, pensions to widow(er)s and dependants of veterans.

Footnote 27

Social assistance benefits - All social assistance payments received by persons in need during the reference period. On the basis of need, eligible social assistance recipients may receive assistance to cover the cost of food, shelter, clothing and other daily necessities. Other allowances may also be granted to persons with special needs or circumstances, such as elderly persons, persons with disabilities, single-parent families and persons with barriers to employment.

Footnote 28

Workers' compensation benefits - All benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal workers' compensation programs during the reference period, due to work-related injuries or disabilities.

Footnote 29

Working income tax benefit (WITB) - Refundable tax credits received under the federal working income tax benefit program during the reference period. These benefits vary by province or territory and are intended to provide tax relief for eligible working low-income individuals and families who are already in the workforce and to encourage other Canadians to enter the workforce.

Footnote 30

Goods and services tax (GST) credit and harmonized sales tax (HST) credit - Goods and services tax (GST) credit and harmonized sales tax (HST) credit received during the reference period. The GST/HST credit is a series of tax-free payments that help individuals and families with low or modest incomes offset all or part of the GST or HST that they pay.

Footnote 31

Government transfers not included elsewhere - All government transfers received during the reference period, other than those from the following sources:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec Parental Insurance Plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- working income tax benefit;
- goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit.

The key components of this variable are refundable provincial tax credits, provincial income supplements for seniors, other provincial credits, benefits and rebates, veterans' pensions, war veterans' allowance, pensions to widow(er)s and dependants of veterans.

Footnote 32

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Footnote 33

Income taxes - Income taxes on income received during the reference period. It is the sum of federal income tax, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes also include health care premiums and Yukon First Nations Tax in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Footnote 34

Income taxes - Net federal income tax - Net federal income tax on income received during the reference period. It is the federal income tax less the Quebec refundable abatement and the federal refundable Yukon First Nations abatement.

Footnote 35

Income taxes - Provincial and territorial income taxes - Provincial and territorial taxes on income received during the reference period. It includes health care premiums and Yukon First Nations Tax in certain jurisdictions.

Data quality note(s) – Alberta

• Incomplete enumeration flag
  Excludes census data for one or more incompletely enumerated Indian reserves or Indian settlements.
• Long-form data quality flag
  Global non-response rate (GNR), long-form census questionnaire: 6.1%.
• Long-form income data quality flag
  Default. Data quality index showing a long-form income non-response rate lower than 10%.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016120.