Ethnic Origin (101), Age (15A), Sex (3) and Selected Demographic, Cultural, Labour Force, Educational and Income Characteristics (651) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

• Ethnic origin (101): Total - Ethnic origin
• Age (15A): Total - Age

This table details ethnic origin , age , sex and selected demographic, cultural, labour force, educational and income characteristics for the population in private households of canada in Summerside

Selected demographic, cultural, labour force, educational and income characteristics (651)	Sex (3)
	Total - Sex	Male	Female
Total - Household type of person for the population in private households - 25% sample data	16,215	7,710	8,505
Persons in one-census-family households without additional persons	12,430	6,080	6,350
In a couple census family without children (no other persons present in the household)	4,350	2,175	2,170
In a couple census family with children (no other persons present in the household)	6,035	3,120	2,920
In a lone-parent census family (no other persons present in the household)	2,040	785	1,255
Persons in multigenerational households^Footnote 2	510	205	310
Persons in other census family households^Footnote 3	600	280	315
Persons in two-or-more-person non-census-family households	470	250	220
Persons living alone (one-person households)	2,210	895	1,305
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 4	13,590	6,385	7,205
Married or living common law	7,925	3,960	3,965
Married	6,485	3,235	3,250
Living common law	1,440	720	715
Not married and not living common law	5,660	2,425	3,235
Never married	3,330	1,720	1,610
Separated	520	190	325
Divorced	925	325	595
Widowed	900	195	700
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 5	16,085	7,670	8,420
Non-movers	13,730	6,520	7,210
Movers	2,350	1,145	1,205
Non-migrants	1,595	790	805
Migrants	755	355	405
Internal migrants	730	345	390
Intraprovincial migrants	465	215	250
Interprovincial migrants	265	130	135
External migrants	25	0	15
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 6	15,425	7,240	8,185
Non-movers	9,365	4,455	4,910
Movers	6,060	2,785	3,270
Non-migrants	3,540	1,610	1,935
Migrants	2,525	1,180	1,340
Internal migrants	2,280	1,080	1,205
Intraprovincial migrants	1,450	655	795
Interprovincial migrants	835	425	410
External migrants	240	100	140
Total - First official language spoken for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 7	16,215	7,710	8,505
English	15,430	7,375	8,060
French	725	310	410
English and French	35	15	25
Neither English nor French	25	10	10
Official language minority (number)^Footnote 8	745	320	425
Official language minority (percentage)^Footnote 9	4.6	4.2	5.0
Total - Mother tongue for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 10	16,215	7,705	8,505
English	14,800	7,095	7,705
French	800	355	445
Non-official language	445	195	250
Aboriginal	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	445	195	255
English and French	100	35	65
English and non-official language	70	30	45
French and non-official language	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 11	16,210	7,710	8,505
English	15,570	7,450	8,125
French	185	70	115
Non-official language	270	125	145
Aboriginal	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	265	120	145
English and French	95	30	60
English and non-official language	95	35	55
French and non-official language	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0
Total - Number of languages known for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 12	16,215	7,705	8,505
Knowledge of one language	13,450	6,505	6,945
English only	13,415	6,490	6,930
French only	10	0	0
Non-official language only	20	10	10
Knowledge of more than one language	2,765	1,205	1,555
English and French only	2,230	955	1,275
English, French and one or more non-official languages	45	25	20
English and one or more non official languages	490	225	260
French and one or more non official languages	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages only	0	0	0
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 13	16,215	7,710	8,505
Canadian citizens^Footnote 14	15,895	7,575	8,320
Canadian citizens only	15,770	7,535	8,235
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	125	40	80
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 15	320	130	190
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 16	16,210	7,710	8,505
Non-immigrants^Footnote 17	15,460	7,365	8,090
Immigrants^Footnote 18	680	310	375
Before 1981	245	125	120
1981 to 1990	30	10	15
1991 to 2000	70	30	45
2001 to 2010	150	70	80
2001 to 2005	80	45	35
2006 to 2010	75	20	50
2011 to 2016^Footnote 19	185	75	110
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 20	75	30	45
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 21	680	310	370
Under 5 years	115	55	60
5 to 14 years	150	75	75
15 to 24 years	80	30	50
25 to 44 years	295	120	170
45 years and over	55	30	25
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^Footnote 22	450	190	255
Economic immigrants^Footnote 23	265	125	140
Principal applicants^Footnote 24	120	85	35
Secondary applicants^Footnote 25	140	40	100
Immigrants sponsored by family^Footnote 26	115	30	85
Refugees^Footnote 27	70	40	35
Other immigrants^Footnote 28	0	0	0
Total - Place of birth for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 29	16,215	7,710	8,505
Born in Canada	15,400	7,340	8,060
Born outside Canada	810	370	445
Americas	140	75	70
North America	90	35	55
Greenland	0	0	0
Saint Pierre and Miquelon	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 30	95	35	55
Central America	0	0	0
Belize	0	0	0
Costa Rica	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0
Guatemala	0	0	0
Honduras	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
Nicaragua	0	0	0
Panama	0	0	0
Caribbean and Bermuda	0	0	0
Anguilla	0	0	0
Antigua and Barbuda	0	0	0
Aruba	0	0	0
Bahamas	0	0	0
Barbados	0	0	0
Bermuda	0	0	0
Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba	0	0	0
Cayman Islands	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0
Curaçao	0	0	0
Dominica	0	0	0
Dominican Republic	10	10	0
Grenada	0	0	0
Guadeloupe	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Martinique	0	0	0
Montserrat	0	0	0
Puerto Rico	0	0	0
Saint Barthélemy	0	0	0
Saint Kitts and Nevis	0	0	0
Saint Lucia	0	0	0
Saint Martin (French part)	0	0	0
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	0	0	0
Sint Maarten (Dutch part)	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0
Turks and Caicos Islands	0	0	0
Virgin Islands, British	0	0	0
Virgin Islands, United States	0	0	0
South America	45	25	15
Argentina	0	0	0
Bolivia^Footnote 31	0	0	0
Brazil	10	0	0
Chile	0	0	0
Colombia	25	15	15
Ecuador	0	0	0
Falkland Islands (Malvinas)	0	0	0
French Guiana	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0
Paraguay	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands	0	0	0
Suriname	0	10	0
Uruguay	0	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 32	0	10	0
Europe	320	150	165
Western Europe	90	35	55
Austria	0	0	0
Belgium	0	0	0
France	15	0	10
Germany	55	25	30
Liechtenstein	0	0	0
Luxembourg	0	0	0
Monaco	0	0	0
Netherlands	25	10	15
Switzerland	0	0	0
Eastern Europe	20	10	15
Belarus	0	0	0
Bulgaria	0	0	0
Czech Republic	0	0	0
Estonia	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	10
Latvia	0	0	0
Lithuania	0	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 33	0	0	0
Poland	0	10	0
Romania	10	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	10
Slovakia	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
Northern Europe	160	85	75
Åland Islands	0	0	0
Denmark	10	0	10
Faroe Islands	0	0	0
Finland	0	0	0
Guernsey	0	0	0
Iceland	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 34	0	0	0
Isle of Man	0	0	0
Jersey	0	0	0
Norway	0	10	0
Sark	0	0	0
Svalbard and Jan Mayen	0	0	0
Sweden	0	10	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 35	150	80	70
Southern Europe	50	20	30
Albania	0	0	0
Andorra	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	15	10	10
Croatia	0	0	0
Gibraltar	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	10
Holy See (Vatican City State)	0	0	0
Italy	10	0	10
Kosovo^Footnote 36	20	10	15
Macedonia, Republic of^Footnote 37	0	0	0
Malta	0	0	0
Montenegro	0	0	0
Portugal	10	10	0
San Marino	0	0	0
Serbia^Footnote 38	0	0	0
Slovenia	0	0	0
Spain	0	0	0
Africa	10	0	10
Western Africa	0	0	0
Benin	0	0	0
Burkina Faso	0	0	0
Cabo Verde	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0
Gambia	0	0	0
Ghana	0	0	0
Guinea	0	0	0
Guinea-Bissau	0	0	0
Liberia	0	0	0
Mali	0	0	0
Mauritania	0	0	0
Niger	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Saint Helena^Footnote 39	0	0	0
Senegal	0	0	0
Sierra Leone	0	0	0
Togo	0	0	0
Eastern Africa	10	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0
Comoros	0	0	0
Djibouti	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0
Madagascar	0	0	0
Malawi	0	0	0
Mauritius	0	0	0
Mayotte	0	0	0
Mozambique	0	0	0
Réunion	0	0	0
Rwanda	0	0	0
Seychelles	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Sudan	0	0	0
Tanzania^Footnote 40	0	0	0
Uganda	0	0	0
Zambia	10	0	10
Zimbabwe	0	0	0
Northern Africa	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Libya	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Sudan^Footnote 41	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Western Sahara	0	0	0
Central Africa	0	0	0
Angola	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0
Central African Republic	0	0	0
Chad	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Congo, Republic of the	0	0	0
Equatorial Guinea	0	0	0
Gabon	0	0	0
Sao Tome and Principe	0	0	0
Southern Africa	10	0	10
Botswana	0	0	0
Lesotho	0	0	0
Namibia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	10	10
Swaziland	0	0	0
Asia	325	135	190
West Central Asia and the Middle East	20	0	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Armenia	0	0	0
Azerbaijan	0	0	0
Bahrain	0	0	0
Cyprus	0	0	0
Georgia	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 42	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0
Kazakhstan	0	0	0
Kuwait	0	0	0
Kyrgyzstan	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	10	0
Oman	0	0	0
Qatar	10	10	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 43	0	0	0
Tajikistan	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
Turkmenistan	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0
Uzbekistan	0	0	0
West Bank and Gaza Strip (Palestine)^Footnote 44	0	0	0
Yemen	0	0	0
Eastern Asia	100	35	65
China^Footnote 45	55	15	35
Hong Kong^Footnote 46	20	0	10
Japan	0	0	0
Korea, North^Footnote 47	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 48	20	10	15
Macao^Footnote 49	0	0	0
Mongolia	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	10	10
Southeast Asia	205	90	110
Brunei Darussalam	0	0	0
Burma (Myanmar)	0	0	0
Cambodia	0	0	0
Indonesia	0	0	0
Laos^Footnote 50	0	0	0
Malaysia	0	0	0
Philippines	180	80	95
Singapore	0	0	0
Thailand	0	0	0
Timor-Leste	0	0	0
Viet Nam	20	10	10
Southern Asia	0	0	10
Bangladesh	0	0	0
Bhutan	0	0	0
British Indian Ocean Territory	0	0	0
India	0	0	10
Maldives	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Oceania	10	10	10
American Samoa	0	0	0
Australia	10	10	0
Christmas Island	0	0	0
Cocos (Keeling) Islands	0	0	0
Cook Islands	0	0	0
Fiji	0	0	0
French Polynesia	0	0	0
Guam	0	0	0
Kiribati	0	0	0
Marshall Islands	0	0	0
Micronesia, Federated States of	0	0	0
Nauru	0	0	0
New Caledonia	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	10
Niue	0	0	0
Norfolk Island	0	0	0
Northern Mariana Islands	0	0	0
Palau	0	0	0
Papua New Guinea	0	0	0
Pitcairn	0	0	0
Samoa	0	0	0
Solomon Islands	0	0	0
Tokelau	0	0	0
Tonga	0	0	0
Tuvalu	0	0	0
United States Minor Outlying Islands	0	0	0
Vanuatu	0	0	0
Wallis and Futuna	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 51	0	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 52	16,215	7,710	8,505
First generation^Footnote 53	810	365	450
Second generation^Footnote 54	895	405	485
Third generation or more^Footnote 55	14,510	6,935	7,570
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 56	16,215	7,710	8,505
Total visible minority population^Footnote 57	535	235	300
South Asian^Footnote 58	25	10	20
Chinese	80	35	50
Black	85	45	45
Filipino	200	95	105
Latin American	50	30	25
Arab	10	0	10
Southeast Asian^Footnote 59	35	10	25
West Asian^Footnote 60	0	0	0
Korean	40	10	30
Japanese	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 61	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 62	10	10	0
Not a visible minority^Footnote 63	15,675	7,470	8,205
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 64	16,215	7,710	8,505
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 65	240	90	145
Single Aboriginal responses^Footnote 66	230	85	140
First Nations (North American Indian)^Footnote 67	145	45	95
Métis	80	35	50
Inuk (Inuit)	10	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^Footnote 68	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^Footnote 69	0	0	10
Non-Aboriginal identity	15,975	7,615	8,360
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 70	13,585	6,385	7,200
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,060	1,595	1,470
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^Footnote 71	4,175	1,995	2,185
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,345	2,795	3,545
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	980	680	300
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 72	615	390	225
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 73	370	295	75
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	3,285	1,280	2,005
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	245	75	170
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,835	755	1,075
Bachelor's degree	1,300	540	765
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	105	35	70
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	55	35	20
Master's degree	350	140	215
Earned doctorate^Footnote 74	25	15	10
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 75	13,585	6,385	7,200
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 76	7,245	3,590	3,650
Education	540	160	375
13. Education	540	165	375
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	105	75	35
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	30	25	0
50. Visual and performing arts	75	50	30
Humanities	180	80	95
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	30	10	25
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	50	20	30
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^Footnote 77	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	15	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	40	25	15
54. History	25	20	0
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	530	145	385
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	40	10	30
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	130	15	120
22. Legal professions and studies	75	30	45
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^Footnote 78	20	0	15
42. Psychology	120	15	100
45. Social sciences	140	65	75
Business, management and public administration	1,645	405	1,240
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	150	25	125
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,490	380	1,115
Physical and life sciences and technologies	115	55	65
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	55	30	30
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	30	10	20
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^Footnote 79	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	20	10	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	10	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	245	135	115
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	230	130	105
25. Library science	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^Footnote 80	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,215	1,150	65
04. Architecture and related services	10	10	0
14. Engineering	100	80	20
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	265	240	25
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	365	360	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	340	330	10
48. Precision production	140	130	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	125	115	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	95	85	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	30	30	10
Health and related fields	1,105	175	935
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	105	45	50
51. Health professions and related programs	990	115	880
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	15	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	540	305	230
12. Personal and culinary services	270	60	210
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	145	125	15
49. Transportation and materials moving	115	105	10
Other	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 81	13,585	6,385	7,200
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,245	3,590	3,655
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 82	6,345	2,795	3,545
Location of study inside Canada	5,990	2,650	3,340
Same as province or territory of residence	3,750	1,610	2,145
Different than province or territory of residence	2,240	1,040	1,200
Location of study outside Canada^Footnote 83	355	150	210
United States^Footnote 84	75	35	40
Philippines	110	45	65
India	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 85	70	35	35
China^Footnote 86	10	0	10
France	0	0	0
Other	90	30	50
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^Footnote 87	13,585	6,385	7,205
In the labour force	8,485	4,235	4,245
Employed	7,530	3,775	3,755
Unemployed	950	460	495
Not in the labour force	5,105	2,150	2,955
Participation rate	62.5	66.3	58.9
Employment rate	55.4	59.1	52.1
Unemployment rate	11.2	10.9	11.7
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^Footnote 88	13,585	6,385	7,205
Did not work^Footnote 89	4,610	1,910	2,705
Worked	8,975	4,475	4,500
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 90	4,510	2,355	2,150
Worked part year and/or part time^Footnote 91	4,470	2,120	2,350
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.8	40.8	40.9
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^Footnote 92	8,485	4,235	4,250
Class of worker - not applicable^Footnote 93	145	50	95
All classes of workers^Footnote 94	8,345	4,185	4,155
Employee	7,770	3,830	3,940
Self-employed^Footnote 95	575	355	215
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^Footnote 96	8,480	4,230	4,250
Occupation - not applicable^Footnote 97	145	45	95
All occupations^Footnote 98	8,340	4,190	4,155
0 Management occupations	710	425	290
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,310	355	950
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	330	265	65
3 Health occupations	575	105	465
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	835	340	495
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	155	60	95
6 Sales and service occupations	2,375	910	1,460
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,145	1,060	85
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	265	225	40
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	645	435	210
Total Labour Force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^Footnote 99	8,485	4,235	4,250
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^Footnote 100	140	50	95
All industry categories^Footnote 101	8,340	4,185	4,155
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	290	220	65
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	35	35	0
22 Utilities	25	20	10
23 Construction	445	405	40
31-33 Manufacturing	1,240	895	340
41 Wholesale trade	155	125	30
44-45 Retail trade	1,325	625	700
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	170	155	15
51 Information and cultural industries	110	70	40
52 Finance and insurance	155	60	95
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	145	100	50
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	260	135	120
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	270	120	150
61 Educational services	460	165	290
62 Health care and social assistance	960	170	790
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	145	85	55
72 Accommodation and food services	740	235	510
81 Other services (except public administration)	320	120	195
91 Public administration	1,100	440	665
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 102	9,180	4,565	4,620
English	8,995	4,525	4,475
French	100	25	75
Non-official language	15	10	10
Aboriginal	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	15	10	10
English and French	60	0	60
English and non-official language	10	10	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 103	13,590	6,385	7,200
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	13,150	6,160	6,990
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,816	40,432	31,747
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,995	34,133	26,325
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	13,155	6,160	6,990
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,481	33,830	27,529
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,067	30,111	24,053
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	11,475	5,585	5,890
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,637	36,964	28,535
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,573	30,097	22,690
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	10,440	4,540	5,905
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,245	9,412	9,117
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,781	9,688	8,284
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	9,415	4,630	4,785
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,214	37,186	29,374
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,746	31,201	24,062
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 104	13,590	6,385	7,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 105	4,440	2,310	2,130
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 106	44,040	46,482	41,123
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 107	49,534	53,823	44,889
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^Footnote 108	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^Footnote 109	79.5	82.9	75.7
Employment income (%)^Footnote 110	66.4	69.1	63.4
Government transfers (%)^Footnote 111	20.5	17.2	24.3
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 112	13,585	6,385	7,200
Without total income	435	225	210
With total income	13,150	6,160	6,990
Percentage with total income	96.8	96.5	97.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,620	675	945
$10,000 to $19,999	2,695	1,025	1,670
$20,000 to $29,999	2,265	895	1,370
$30,000 to $39,999	2,150	1,125	1,030
$40,000 to $49,999	1,570	790	775
$50,000 to $59,999	1,040	565	470
$60,000 to $69,999	575	330	240
$70,000 to $79,999	440	245	195
$80,000 to $89,999	305	150	150
$90,000 to $99,999	170	105	70
$100,000 and over	330	245	80
$100,000 to $149,999	225	180	45
$150,000 and over	105	65	30
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 113	13,585	6,385	7,200
Without after-tax income	435	225	210
With after-tax income	13,150	6,160	6,990
Percentage with after-tax income	96.8	96.5	97.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,690	680	1,015
$10,000 to $19,999	2,895	1,125	1,775
$20,000 to $29,999	2,860	1,260	1,600
$30,000 to $39,999	2,300	1,200	1,095
$40,000 to $49,999	1,615	845	770
$50,000 to $59,999	815	440	370
$60,000 to $69,999	470	250	220
$70,000 to $79,999	235	155	80
$80,000 and over	265	205	65
$80,000 to $89,999	75	55	20
$90,000 to $99,999	50	45	10
$100,000 and over	140	105	40
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 114	13,585	6,385	7,200
Without employment income	4,170	1,755	2,410
With employment income	9,415	4,630	4,785
Percentage with employment income	69.3	72.5	66.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,235	600	640
$5,000 to $9,999	970	425	540
$10,000 to $19,999	1,625	710	915
$20,000 to $29,999	1,265	500	770
$30,000 to $39,999	1,230	625	610
$40,000 to $49,999	1,040	575	475
$50,000 to $59,999	660	365	290
$60,000 to $69,999	425	225	195
$70,000 to $79,999	335	195	140
$80,000 and over	635	410	225
$80,000 to $89,999	265	135	130
$90,000 to $99,999	130	85	50
$100,000 and over	235	195	45
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 115	16,215	7,710	8,505
In the bottom half of the distribution	10,515	4,830	5,685
In the bottom decile	1,640	660	975
In the second decile	2,665	1,160	1,500
In the third decile	2,345	1,140	1,205
In the fourth decile	2,260	1,110	1,150
In the fifth decile	1,610	760	850
In the top half of the distribution	5,695	2,880	2,820
In the sixth decile	1,845	960	890
In the seventh decile	1,415	705	710
In the eighth decile	1,235	610	620
In the ninth decile	810	400	410
In the top decile	390	195	190
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 25% sample data^Footnote 116	16,215	7,710	8,505
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	3,180	1,300	1,880
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	19.6	16.9	22.1
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	945	385	560
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.8	5.0	6.6

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

The ethnic groups selected are the most frequently reported at the Canada level.

Footnote 2

In households where there is at least one person living with a child and a grandchild.

Footnote 3

In households that are not multigenerational where there is one census family with additional persons or more than one census family.

Footnote 4

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Footnote 5

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 6

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 7

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 8

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 9

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 10

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 11

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 12

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 13

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 14

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Footnote 15

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Footnote 16

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 17

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Footnote 18

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 19

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 20

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Footnote 21

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 22

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 23

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Footnote 24

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 25

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 26

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Footnote 27

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Footnote 28

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Footnote 29

For more information on the place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 30

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 31

The official name of Bolivia is Plurinational State of Bolivia.

Footnote 32

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 33

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 34

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 35

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 36

The official name of Kosovo is Republic of Kosovo.

Footnote 37

Macedonia, Republic of: known as the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia by the United Nations and other international bodies.

Footnote 38

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Footnote 39

The official name of Saint Helena is Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha.

Footnote 40

The official name of Tanzania is United Republic of Tanzania.

Footnote 41

The full name of Sudan is the Republic of the Sudan.

Footnote 42

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 43

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 44

West Bank and Gaza Strip (Palestine): West Bank and Gaza Strip are the territories referred to in the Declaration of Principles, signed by Israel and the Palestine Liberation Organization in 1993. Palestine refers to pre-1948 British mandate Palestine.

Footnote 45

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 46

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 47

The official name of North Korea is Democratic People's Republic of Korea.

Footnote 48

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 49

The full name of Macao is Macao Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 50

The official name of Laos is Lao People's Democratic Republic.

Footnote 51

Includes other places of birth not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea'.

Footnote 52

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 53

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 54

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 55

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 56

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 57

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 58

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Footnote 59

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Footnote 60

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Footnote 61

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 62

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 63

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 64

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 65

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 66

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 67

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 68

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 69

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 70

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 71

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 72

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Footnote 73

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Footnote 74

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 75

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Footnote 76

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 77

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Footnote 78

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Footnote 79

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Footnote 80

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Footnote 81

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 82

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 83

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Footnote 84

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 85

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 86

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 87

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 88

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Footnote 89

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Footnote 90

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Footnote 91

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Footnote 92

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

Footnote 93

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

Footnote 94

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

Footnote 95

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

Footnote 96

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Footnote 97

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

Footnote 98

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday May 7, 2016 were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

Footnote 99

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

Footnote 100

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

Footnote 101

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

Footnote 102

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 103

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 104

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 105

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 106

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 107

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 108

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 109

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 110

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 111

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 112

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 113

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 114

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 115

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 116

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Data quality note(s) – Summerside

• Incomplete enumeration flag
  Default. Not applicable.
• Long-form data quality flag
  Global non-response rate (GNR), long-form census questionnaire: 5.6%.
• Long-form income data quality flag
  Default. Data quality index showing a long-form income non-response rate lower than 10%.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016189.