Low-income statistics by age groups, Income Highlight Tables, 2016 Census

Population in private households for income status, number of persons in low income, prevalence of low income based on the low-income concept - Low-income measure, after-tax (LIM-AT), by age groups (total - age groups), Canada and census divisions, 2016 Census – 100% Data, 2006 Census – 20% Sample data

Data table

Population in private households for income status, number of persons in low income, prevalence of low income based on the low-income concept - Low-income measure, after-tax (LIM-AT), by age groups (total - age groups), Canada and census divisions, 2016 Census – 100% Data, 2006 Census – 20% Sample data
Geographic name^{Footnote 2}	Type	Prov.	Population in private households for income status^{Footnote 3}		Number of persons in low income		Prevalence of low income (%)
Geographic name^{Footnote 2}	Type	Prov.	2006	2016	2005	2015	2005	2015	Difference

Canada			30,638,315	33,968,295	4,301,420	4,809,940	14.0	14.2	0.2
Division No. 19	CDR	Man.	3,195	2,660	1,705	1,060	53.4	39.8	-13.6
Division No. 4	CDR	N.L.	20,875	20,070	6,850	5,790	32.8	28.8	-4.0
Division No. 18	CDR	Sask.	18,240	17,180	6,185	4,840	33.9	28.2	-5.7
Annapolis	CTY	N.S.	21,005	20,170	5,110	5,110	24.3	25.3	1.0
Queens	CTY	N.S.	10,930	10,125	2,360	2,480	21.6	24.5	2.9
La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau	MRC	Que.	19,105	18,580	4,315	4,400	22.6	23.7	1.1
Central Coast	RD	B.C.	1,205	1,385	240	325	19.9	23.5	3.6
Queens	CT	N.B.	11,440	10,240	2,530	2,385	22.1	23.3	1.2
Division No. 23	CDR	Man.	3,530	3,610	685	830	19.4	23.0	3.6
Cumberland	CTY	N.S.	31,110	29,220	6,795	6,670	21.8	22.8	1.0
La Haute-Gaspésie	MRC	Que.	11,980	10,955	3,100	2,495	25.9	22.8	-3.1
Digby	CTY	N.S.	18,550	16,905	4,050	3,825	21.8	22.6	0.8
Division No. 8	CDR	N.L.	38,455	35,190	9,990	7,760	26.0	22.1	-3.9
Division No. 17	CDR	Man.	20,745	19,895	5,100	4,375	24.6	22.0	-2.6
Victoria	CT	N.B.	19,120	17,340	3,985	3,820	20.8	22.0	1.2
Stikine	REG	B.C.	160	480	35	105	21.9	21.9	0.0
Guysborough	CTY	N.S.	8,940	7,505	2,320	1,640	26.0	21.9	-4.1
Saint John	CT	N.B.	72,645	71,910	14,735	15,700	20.3	21.8	1.5
Shawinigan	TÉ	Que.	50,015	47,420	10,975	10,295	21.9	21.7	-0.2
Division No. 20	CDR	Man.	10,260	9,440	2,260	2,025	22.0	21.5	-0.5
Montréal	TÉ	Que.	1,815,420	1,895,000	402,440	403,885	22.2	21.3	-0.9
Pontiac	MRC	Que.	14,425	14,025	3,160	2,980	21.9	21.2	-0.7
Antoine-Labelle	MRC	Que.	34,260	33,930	6,830	7,180	19.9	21.2	1.3
Division No. 11	CDR	N.L.	2,415	2,555	590	540	24.4	21.1	-3.3
Restigouche	CT	N.B.	32,610	29,525	7,220	6,200	22.1	21.0	-1.1

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Note(s):

Footnote 1

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income, multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

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Footnote 2

Low-income concepts do not apply to certain geographic areas, i.e., geographic areas within territories and/or census subdivision types associated with 'on reserve' population.

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Footnote 3

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

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