Census Profile, 2016 Census
Montréal, Territoire équivalent [Census division], Quebec and Alberta [Province]

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Montréal, TÉ Quebec [Census division]			Alberta [Province]
	Data quality , Montréal, Territoire équivalent [Census division], Quebec  Map : Montréal, Territoire équivalent [Census division], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Alberta [Province]  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	1,942,044	...	...	4,067,175	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	1,886,481	...	...	3,645,257	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	2.9	...	...	11.6	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	939,112	...	...	1,654,129	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	870,373	...	...	1,527,678	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	3,889.8	...	...	6.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	499.26	...	...	640,330.46	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	1,942,045	944,490	997,560	4,067,175	2,039,410	2,027,765
0 to 14 years	304,470	155,320	149,155	779,155	399,570	379,580
0 to 4 years	109,740	56,060	53,680	266,515	136,520	129,995
5 to 9 years	104,385	53,250	51,130	270,715	138,990	131,725
10 to 14 years	90,350	46,010	44,340	241,920	124,060	117,860
15 to 64 years	1,313,915	653,520	660,395	2,787,805	1,408,150	1,379,655
15 to 19 years	97,835	49,365	48,465	240,035	123,625	116,410
20 to 24 years	139,720	69,190	70,530	261,830	133,990	127,840
25 to 29 years	153,505	75,655	77,850	310,940	156,715	154,225
30 to 34 years	152,195	74,675	77,520	333,175	167,555	165,620
35 to 39 years	147,480	73,440	74,040	305,505	153,655	151,850
40 to 44 years	128,970	65,105	63,860	281,205	142,545	138,660
45 to 49 years	125,505	63,790	61,715	269,030	135,855	133,180
50 to 54 years	131,865	67,065	64,800	284,310	142,205	142,100
55 to 59 years	127,010	62,680	64,330	275,540	138,565	136,970
60 to 64 years	109,825	52,545	57,285	226,230	113,440	112,790
65 years and over	323,660	135,650	188,010	500,215	231,690	268,530
65 to 69 years	95,180	44,325	50,855	173,680	85,500	88,180
70 to 74 years	72,390	31,985	40,410	117,035	56,430	60,610
75 to 79 years	57,290	24,010	33,275	83,955	39,105	44,845
80 to 84 years	46,700	18,670	28,030	62,165	27,590	34,575
85 years and over	52,100	16,660	35,445	63,385	23,065	40,320
85 to 89 years	32,310	11,365	20,945	39,965	16,050	23,915
90 to 94 years	15,195	4,360	10,835	18,025	5,755	12,275
95 to 99 years	3,950	830	3,120	4,735	1,145	3,595
100 years and over	650	100	540	650	115	535
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.7	16.4	15.0	19.2	19.6	18.7
15 to 64 years	67.7	69.2	66.2	68.5	69.0	68.0
65 years and over	16.7	14.4	18.8	12.3	11.4	13.2
85 years and over	2.7	1.8	3.6	1.6	1.1	2.0
Average age of the population	40.6	39.4	41.8	37.8	37.2	38.4
Median age of the population	39.1	38.2	40.1	36.7	36.2	37.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	870,375	...	...	1,527,675	...	...
Single-detached house	99,485	...	...	946,225	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	126,600	...	...	62,395	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	643,860	...	...	471,090	...	...
Semi-detached house	32,185	...	...	86,765	...	...
Row house	33,500	...	...	116,625	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	108,890	...	...	43,090	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	465,920	...	...	223,360	...	...
Other single-attached house	3,370	...	...	1,245	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	425	...	...	47,970	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	870,370	...	...	1,527,675	...	...
1 person	342,510	...	...	366,080	...	...
2 persons	259,295	...	...	524,415	...	...
3 persons	118,645	...	...	245,075	...	...
4 persons	97,490	...	...	233,770	...	...
5 or more persons	52,435	...	...	158,335	...	...
Number of persons in private households	1,895,000	...	...	3,978,145	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	1,637,575	789,170	848,405	3,288,020	1,639,835	1,648,185
Married or living common law	799,705	402,505	397,195	1,969,300	988,410	980,895
Married	579,130	290,175	288,960	1,648,945	828,155	820,790
Living common law	220,575	112,335	108,240	320,350	160,250	160,100
Not married and not living common law	837,870	386,665	451,205	1,318,720	651,430	667,290
Never married	585,780	308,260	277,520	905,700	505,310	400,390
Separated	33,630	14,010	19,620	76,150	34,000	42,150
Divorced	127,000	46,890	80,110	195,850	82,040	113,815
Widowed	91,460	17,505	73,960	141,020	30,080	110,940
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	485,285	...	...	1,114,585	...	...
2 persons	241,425	...	...	540,850	...	...
3 persons	109,090	...	...	235,245	...	...
4 persons	93,220	...	...	227,165	...	...
5 or more persons	41,555	...	...	111,330	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	485,285	...	...	1,114,585	...	...
Total couple families	385,585	...	...	953,325	...	...
Married couples	275,400	...	...	793,195	...	...
Common-law couples	110,185	...	...	160,130	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	99,700	...	...	161,260	...	...
Female parent	81,190	...	...	123,490	...	...
Male parent	18,505	...	...	37,770	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	385,585	...	...	953,325	...	...
Couples without children	178,105	...	...	443,665	...	...
Couples with children	207,475	...	...	509,655	...	...
1 child	82,305	...	...	190,010	...	...
2 children	85,985	...	...	213,910	...	...
3 or more children	39,185	...	...	105,735	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	99,700	...	...	161,260	...	...
1 child	63,310	...	...	97,180	...	...
2 children	26,780	...	...	45,235	...	...
3 or more children	9,610	...	...	18,845	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	488,715	238,040	250,675	678,535	356,875	321,655
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	870,375	...	...	1,527,675	...	...
One-census-family households	469,260	...	...	1,039,985	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	172,615	...	...	414,570	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	296,640	...	...	625,415	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	7,855	...	...	36,120	...	...
Non-census-family households	393,260	...	...	451,570	...	...
One-person households	342,505	...	...	366,080	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	50,750	...	...	85,490	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	1,914,760	933,260	981,495	4,026,650	2,020,510	2,006,140
English only	220,425	109,555	110,870	3,698,765	1,869,670	1,829,095
French only	517,445	230,460	286,990	3,895	1,725	2,165
English and French	1,131,680	575,450	556,225	264,720	124,400	140,315
Neither English nor French	45,210	17,800	27,405	59,280	24,715	34,565
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	1,914,755	933,260	981,500	4,026,650	2,020,510	2,006,140
English	543,485	270,085	273,400	3,880,685	1,950,980	1,929,705
French	1,164,335	562,200	602,135	71,535	37,205	34,330
English and French	163,025	83,800	79,230	16,605	8,350	8,255
Neither English nor French	43,910	17,175	26,735	57,830	23,970	33,860
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	625,000	311,985	313,015	79,840	41,380	38,455
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	32.6	33.4	31.9	2.0	2.0	1.9
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	1,914,760	933,265	981,495	4,026,650	2,020,510	2,006,140
Single responses	1,823,085	887,650	935,430	3,934,580	1,975,615	1,958,970
Official languages	1,195,590	584,190	611,405	3,063,640	1,552,475	1,511,165
English	307,080	153,045	154,040	2,991,485	1,515,025	1,476,460
French	888,515	431,145	457,365	72,150	37,450	34,705
Non-official languages	627,490	303,465	324,025	870,940	423,140	447,805
Aboriginal languages	580	205	380	23,835	11,290	12,550
Algonquian languages	310	120	190	18,295	8,665	9,630
Blackfoot	0	0	0	2,750	1,305	1,445
Cree-Montagnais languages	275	100	175	14,960	7,105	7,850
Atikamekw	25	5	20	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	40	10	30	0	5	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	10	0	5
Naskapi	15	10	10	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	50	25	30	50	15	35
Plains Cree	5	0	0	720	280	435
Southern East Cree	5	5	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	50	20	35
Woods Cree	0	0	0	910	430	480
Cree, n.o.s.	130	50	85	13,220	6,355	6,865
Eastern Algonquian languages	15	5	10	30	15	15
Malecite	0	0	0	0	5	0
Mi'kmaq	15	5	10	35	20	15
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	20	15	10	550	235	315
Algonquin	15	10	5	5	0	5
Ojibway	0	0	0	525	230	300
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	15	5	15
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	5
Athabaskan languages	10	5	0	1,865	865	1,000
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	5	0	1,855	860	990
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	35	15	15
Carrier	0	0	0	15	0	15
Chilcotin	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	1,470	710	760
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	40	10	30
Gwich'in	0	0	0	15	5	10
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	70	20	45
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	200	90	115
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	10	5	10
South Slavey	0	0	0	155	70	80
Slavey, n.o.s.	5	5	5	35	15	25
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	210	60	150	120	35	85
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	25	5	10
Inuktitut	170	45	130	60	20	45
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	30	10	20	35	10	30
Iroquoian languages	30	15	15	10	10	5
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	30	15	10	5	5	5
Oneida	0	0	0	0	5	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	5
Kutenai	0	0	0	5	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	80	45	35
Salish languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	5	5
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Siouan languages	0	0	0	3,370	1,630	1,745
Dakota	5	0	0	350	165	185
Stoney	0	0	0	3,020	1,460	1,555
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	5	0	0	10	5	5
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	25	15	10	55	30	25
Non-Aboriginal languages	626,905	303,255	323,655	847,105	411,850	435,255
Afro-Asiatic languages	122,040	64,460	57,575	68,415	36,215	32,200
Berber languages	13,915	7,405	6,515	340	190	145
Kabyle	8,560	4,560	3,995	165	90	75
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5,360	2,840	2,515	175	100	75
Cushitic languages	695	330	360	12,525	6,495	6,030
Bilen	15	5	10	315	185	130
Oromo	5	5	0	2,650	1,375	1,275
Somali	660	310	355	9,520	4,915	4,605
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5	40	20	20
Semitic languages	107,255	56,630	50,625	55,425	29,450	25,980
Amharic	585	275	310	7,320	3,605	3,720
Arabic	102,805	54,340	48,465	40,540	21,840	18,705
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	55	25	25	400	210	190
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	5	0	0	145	80	65
Harari	5	0	0	260	135	120
Hebrew	3,435	1,800	1,635	960	505	460
Maltese	10	5	5	75	30	40
Tigrigna	305	145	160	5,415	2,880	2,535
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	45	25	20	305	155	145
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	175	100	75	130	80	50
Austro-Asiatic languages	24,425	11,465	12,960	25,295	11,760	13,535
Khmer (Cambodian)	4,980	2,315	2,660	1,925	910	1,010
Vietnamese	19,435	9,145	10,290	23,350	10,840	12,505
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	25	10	15
Austronesian languages	17,455	6,340	11,115	115,405	50,190	65,210
Bikol	100	35	65	425	205	225
Cebuano	650	230	425	5,135	2,155	2,980
Fijian	0	0	0	125	75	50
Hiligaynon	370	120	255	1,500	640	855
Ilocano	1,910	695	1,210	5,350	2,310	3,040
Malagasy	445	200	250	35	10	25
Malay	455	185	270	1,460	615	845
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	180	80	95	765	370	390
Pangasinan	80	35	45	290	115	175
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	12,980	4,650	8,330	99,035	43,120	55,920
Waray-Waray	40	5	35	305	145	160
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	240	100	140	980	430	550
Creole languages	36,850	16,270	20,580	1,895	990	910
Haitian Creole	1,320	630	685	95	45	50
Creole, n.o.s.	35,015	15,370	19,650	1,175	640	540
Creole languages, n.i.e.	510	265	245	625	305	325
Dravidian languages	11,900	5,990	5,915	13,490	7,075	6,415
Kannada	200	105	95	535	270	265
Malayalam	335	185	150	6,345	3,285	3,060
Tamil	10,860	5,395	5,470	4,430	2,360	2,070
Telugu	495	300	190	2,130	1,135	995
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	50	25	25
Hmong-Mien languages	20	10	10	105	55	45
Indo-European languages	328,955	158,575	170,380	442,685	220,330	222,355
Albanian	1,735	880	855	2,345	1,270	1,075
Armenian	7,455	3,530	3,925	500	250	245
Balto-Slavic languages	41,965	18,705	23,260	80,330	37,750	42,580
Baltic languages	570	200	365	1,010	475	535
Latvian	200	75	125	415	195	220
Lithuanian	370	125	240	600	285	315
Slavic languages	41,395	18,505	22,895	79,325	37,275	42,050
Belarusan	50	30	20	65	30	30
Bosnian	290	140	150	1,835	915	920
Bulgarian	4,300	2,060	2,245	1,545	790	755
Croatian	1,195	590	605	4,655	2,340	2,320
Czech	830	380	445	3,000	1,430	1,575
Macedonian	100	50	55	360	185	175
Polish	8,875	3,815	5,060	20,130	9,425	10,705
Russian	18,990	8,425	10,565	17,810	8,150	9,665
Serbian	1,490	725	765	4,020	2,035	1,985
Serbo-Croatian	480	215	265	970	480	485
Slovak	640	265	380	2,185	1,070	1,115
Slovene (Slovenian)	405	185	225	695	320	370
Ukrainian	3,680	1,590	2,085	21,835	9,985	11,850
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	80	40	40	215	120	100
Celtic languages	60	35	25	370	200	170
Scottish Gaelic	15	10	0	135	70	65
Welsh	15	5	10	175	85	80
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	35	15	10	65	40	25
Germanic languages	15,160	7,225	7,935	104,260	51,525	52,735
Afrikaans	70	35	35	3,010	1,475	1,535
Danish	205	90	115	2,380	1,245	1,135
Dutch	1,175	590	585	16,135	8,095	8,045
Frisian	5	0	0	360	200	160
German	6,075	2,695	3,380	80,050	39,435	40,615
Icelandic	55	25	25	115	55	60
Norwegian	115	60	50	815	370	445
Swedish	335	150	185	875	405	470
Vlaams (Flemish)	140	50	95	320	150	170
Yiddish	6,925	3,495	3,430	140	70	70
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	70	40	30	55	30	25
Greek	20,075	9,905	10,180	3,130	1,655	1,475
Indo-Iranian languages	52,615	27,185	25,430	166,805	85,250	81,560
Indo-Aryan languages	34,700	18,190	16,515	145,900	74,320	71,580
Bengali	9,620	4,915	4,710	7,000	3,630	3,370
Gujarati	5,120	2,515	2,600	13,140	6,785	6,355
Hindi	2,320	1,265	1,060	17,055	8,675	8,385
Kashmiri	15	15	0	105	60	50
Konkani	85	50	35	370	190	185
Marathi	195	120	80	1,510	775	730
Nepali	160	85	80	5,175	2,690	2,490
Oriya (Odia)	25	20	10	190	100	90
Punjabi (Panjabi)	8,930	4,950	3,980	68,695	34,935	33,760
Sindhi	260	125	135	2,770	1,300	1,475
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	445	210	235	2,590	1,320	1,265
Urdu	7,520	3,925	3,595	27,295	13,865	13,430
Iranian languages	17,675	8,860	8,815	19,600	10,235	9,365
Kurdish	580	305	275	1,550	845	705
Pashto	905	480	425	2,560	1,320	1,235
Persian (Farsi)	16,185	8,070	8,110	15,490	8,070	7,425
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	235	135	100	1,310	695	615
Italic (Romance) languages	189,890	91,115	98,770	84,940	42,425	42,515
Catalan	215	105	110	75	30	45
Italian	74,490	35,605	38,880	11,375	5,760	5,615
Portuguese	18,525	8,890	9,640	9,050	4,380	4,670
Romanian	18,370	8,715	9,650	8,035	4,080	3,955
Spanish	78,220	37,760	40,460	56,370	28,160	28,205
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	70	40	35	35	20	15
Japanese	1,705	545	1,165	4,875	1,715	3,160
Kartvelian languages	140	70	75	230	130	105
Georgian	140	65	75	230	130	100
Korean	4,155	1,865	2,290	17,920	8,485	9,435
Mongolic languages	155	65	90	545	255	290
Mongolian	155	65	90	540	255	290
Niger-Congo languages	13,995	7,115	6,880	15,360	7,870	7,495
Akan (Twi)	790	390	400	1,755	915	835
Bamanankan	695	395	305	35	20	15
Edo	60	35	20	275	155	120
Ewe	330	180	145	245	145	100
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	1,185	615	570	230	120	100
Ga	55	25	30	145	80	65
Ganda	10	5	5	280	145	135
Igbo	80	45	35	1,165	625	540
Lingala	1,520	695	825	270	130	140
Rundi (Kirundi)	1,185	570	620	605	305	295
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	1,025	460	565	805	405	400
Shona	55	30	25	1,100	545	555
Swahili	895	425	470	2,380	1,160	1,215
Wolof	1,720	935	785	280	165	110
Yoruba	165	95	65	2,435	1,305	1,125
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	4,220	2,195	2,025	3,370	1,640	1,735
Nilo-Saharan languages	120	70	50	2,720	1,395	1,330
Dinka	0	5	0	1,345	705	640
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	120	70	50	1,375	685	690
Sign languages	415	220	195	830	440	390
American Sign Language	35	20	15	335	165	165
Quebec Sign Language	185	90	95	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	195	110	85	495	275	225
Sino-Tibetan languages	52,755	24,555	28,200	122,450	57,740	64,705
Chinese languages	52,615	24,480	28,130	120,375	56,675	63,700
Cantonese	15,850	7,470	8,385	59,145	27,755	31,385
Hakka	300	130	165	990	465	530
Mandarin	30,720	14,205	16,515	50,660	23,940	26,720
Min Dong	20	10	10	115	50	65
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	2,400	1,100	1,300	3,060	1,375	1,695
Wu (Shanghainese)	750	325	425	630	305	330
Chinese, n.o.s.	2,505	1,200	1,305	5,725	2,770	2,955
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	60	30	35	40	15	25
Tibeto-Burman languages	140	75	70	2,075	1,065	1,005
Burmese	45	15	30	430	230	200
Karenic languages	0	0	0	795	415	380
Tibetan	35	20	15	575	295	275
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	55	35	25	275	130	140
Tai-Kadai languages	1,845	830	1,020	2,670	955	1,710
Lao	1,495	740	755	1,020	485	535
Thai	350	90	260	1,630	465	1,165
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	5	5	5	20	10	15
Turkic languages	5,555	2,835	2,720	4,050	2,250	1,800
Azerbaijani	205	115	90	365	215	155
Turkish	4,935	2,520	2,410	3,140	1,760	1,375
Uyghur	140	75	75	130	70	60
Uzbek	120	60	60	205	115	90
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	150	65	85	215	95	120
Uralic languages	4,020	1,775	2,245	7,470	3,600	3,870
Estonian	150	60	90	190	90	105
Finnish	220	70	150	810	330	480
Hungarian	3,650	1,650	2,005	6,470	3,185	3,285
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	395	210	180	690	415	280
Multiple responses	91,675	45,610	46,070	92,070	44,900	47,175
English and French	25,185	12,820	12,370	10,230	4,950	5,280
English and non-official language	18,760	9,105	9,655	77,520	37,815	39,705
French and non-official language	37,330	18,385	18,945	2,685	1,375	1,305
English, French and non-official language	10,410	5,305	5,100	1,640	760	880
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	1,914,760	933,260	981,495	4,026,655	2,020,510	2,006,145
Single responses	1,740,120	848,190	891,920	3,837,615	1,928,230	1,909,385
Official languages	1,390,200	681,120	709,085	3,354,885	1,690,490	1,664,395
English	437,070	216,650	220,420	3,327,255	1,676,360	1,650,895
French	953,130	464,465	488,665	27,630	14,130	13,500
Non-official languages	349,915	167,075	182,835	482,725	237,740	244,990
Aboriginal languages	230	100	130	9,970	4,940	5,020
Algonquian languages	135	60	75	7,175	3,575	3,605
Blackfoot	0	0	0	1,110	555	555
Cree-Montagnais languages	130	60	70	5,875	2,925	2,945
Atikamekw	5	5	5	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	15	5	15	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	30	15	15	20	10	10
Plains Cree	0	0	0	125	60	60
Southern East Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	5	0	5
Woods Cree	0	0	0	600	300	295
Cree, n.o.s.	65	30	35	5,120	2,540	2,575
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	5	0	5	5	5
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	5	5	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	0	0	190	95	95
Algonquin	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	185	90	95
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	620	320	300
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	0	5	620	325	300
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	10	5	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	540	280	260
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	5	0	5
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	60	35	30
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	55	30	25
Slavey, n.o.s.	5	0	0	5	5	5
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	70	25	45	10	0	10
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Inuktitut	60	20	40	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	5	0	5
Iroquoian languages	10	10	5	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	10	10	5	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	10	5	5
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	2,125	1,025	1,095
Dakota	0	0	0	175	85	85
Stoney	0	0	0	1,945	935	1,010
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	10	5	5	25	15	10
Non-Aboriginal languages	349,685	166,975	182,705	472,760	232,800	239,965
Afro-Asiatic languages	58,305	29,780	28,525	43,770	22,535	21,235
Berber languages	5,315	2,790	2,525	200	105	95
Kabyle	3,640	1,920	1,720	90	45	40
Berber languages, n.i.e.	1,675	875	800	105	60	45
Cushitic languages	335	145	195	9,220	4,750	4,470
Bilen	5	0	5	280	160	115
Oromo	5	0	0	2,075	1,060	1,015
Somali	325	135	185	6,850	3,520	3,325
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	15	5	10
Semitic languages	52,600	26,815	25,780	34,310	17,660	16,655
Amharic	290	130	155	4,915	2,390	2,530
Arabic	50,575	25,800	24,770	24,230	12,555	11,675
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	35	15	20	260	130	130
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	95	50	40
Harari	5	0	0	165	80	85
Hebrew	1,500	775	730	460	235	225
Maltese	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tigrigna	180	85	95	3,955	2,095	1,860
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	15	5	10	210	110	100
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	60	25	35	45	20	20
Austro-Asiatic languages	17,930	8,340	9,585	16,355	7,635	8,715
Khmer (Cambodian)	3,120	1,425	1,695	960	460	500
Vietnamese	14,805	6,915	7,890	15,380	7,175	8,205
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	15	0	10
Austronesian languages	8,615	3,420	5,190	60,860	28,765	32,100
Bikol	10	5	5	70	40	35
Cebuano	210	90	115	2,110	1,015	1,090
Fijian	0	0	0	45	25	20
Hiligaynon	115	50	65	470	215	255
Ilocano	695	285	410	1,975	935	1,035
Malagasy	135	70	65	20	10	10
Malay	130	70	65	405	205	195
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	55	30	25	220	110	110
Pangasinan	15	5	5	45	20	30
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	7,195	2,795	4,400	55,105	26,005	29,100
Waray-Waray	10	5	10	125	60	60
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	45	20	30	280	120	155
Creole languages	14,360	6,180	8,180	970	495	475
Haitian Creole	570	260	305	50	25	25
Creole, n.o.s.	13,580	5,825	7,755	655	345	310
Creole languages, n.i.e.	210	95	115	270	125	140
Dravidian languages	9,265	4,605	4,665	8,460	4,335	4,125
Kannada	120	70	55	210	105	105
Malayalam	155	75	80	4,060	2,070	1,990
Tamil	8,700	4,290	4,415	2,915	1,515	1,395
Telugu	280	165	115	1,245	635	615
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	30	10	15
Hmong-Mien languages	15	10	5	70	35	35
Indo-European languages	185,570	88,155	97,420	230,270	115,280	114,995
Albanian	990	485	505	1,060	570	485
Armenian	5,185	2,375	2,810	215	115	105
Balto-Slavic languages	25,165	11,655	13,510	30,220	14,820	15,400
Baltic languages	135	55	85	410	210	200
Latvian	55	30	30	165	85	80
Lithuanian	80	30	55	250	125	120
Slavic languages	25,025	11,605	13,430	29,815	14,610	15,205
Belarusan	15	10	10	15	10	5
Bosnian	165	75	90	785	400	385
Bulgarian	3,115	1,500	1,610	825	415	405
Croatian	520	240	280	1,800	905	895
Czech	245	115	135	875	440	430
Macedonian	60	30	30	175	90	85
Polish	3,985	1,770	2,210	7,705	3,675	4,030
Russian	13,830	6,450	7,385	10,145	4,965	5,175
Serbian	870	430	445	2,100	1,045	1,055
Serbo-Croatian	200	90	110	315	160	155
Slovak	135	65	75	710	345	365
Slovene (Slovenian)	130	55	80	150	70	75
Ukrainian	1,725	765	955	4,180	2,060	2,110
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	55	30	25
Celtic languages	10	10	5	40	25	15
Scottish Gaelic	0	5	0	15	15	5
Welsh	0	0	0	15	5	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	10	5	0
Germanic languages	6,165	3,130	3,035	40,915	20,280	20,625
Afrikaans	10	5	5	1,705	835	875
Danish	25	15	10	150	75	75
Dutch	190	90	95	1,980	985	1,000
Frisian	0	0	0	60	30	30
German	1,075	485	595	36,295	18,010	18,290
Icelandic	30	15	20	30	15	15
Norwegian	10	10	5	60	20	35
Swedish	75	35	35	145	65	80
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	10	60	30	25
Yiddish	4,730	2,475	2,250	15	5	5
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	425	215	210
Greek	10,425	4,915	5,515	1,015	490	525
Indo-Iranian languages	37,260	18,705	18,555	111,975	56,535	55,445
Indo-Aryan languages	24,025	12,260	11,765	98,610	49,790	48,815
Bengali	7,295	3,620	3,670	4,530	2,300	2,225
Gujarati	3,290	1,600	1,685	8,025	4,085	3,935
Hindi	1,160	600	560	9,945	5,115	4,825
Kashmiri	0	0	0	50	20	25
Konkani	30	15	15	75	40	40
Marathi	65	35	30	845	440	405
Nepali	105	50	55	3,710	1,905	1,805
Oriya (Odia)	15	5	5	95	50	45
Punjabi (Panjabi)	6,380	3,460	2,925	51,010	25,720	25,295
Sindhi	95	45	50	1,240	575	665
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	250	120	125	1,480	750	730
Urdu	5,350	2,715	2,635	17,600	8,795	8,810
Iranian languages	13,120	6,385	6,740	12,720	6,415	6,305
Kurdish	300	150	145	850	440	410
Pashto	675	335	335	1,640	845	795
Persian (Farsi)	12,150	5,900	6,255	10,230	5,135	5,100
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	115	60	50	650	325	325
Italic (Romance) languages	100,365	46,870	53,495	44,830	22,445	22,385
Catalan	85	40	45	35	10	20
Italian	27,910	12,205	15,705	2,840	1,275	1,560
Portuguese	9,655	4,555	5,100	3,905	1,875	2,030
Romanian	12,610	6,115	6,500	4,135	2,115	2,020
Spanish	50,085	23,950	26,140	33,910	17,160	16,755
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	10	5	5
Japanese	735	310	430	2,245	945	1,300
Kartvelian languages	65	35	30	160	85	70
Georgian	60	30	35	160	85	70
Korean	2,950	1,355	1,595	12,775	6,205	6,570
Mongolic languages	125	60	65	335	160	175
Mongolian	120	60	65	335	155	175
Niger-Congo languages	3,535	1,725	1,805	5,600	2,725	2,875
Akan (Twi)	370	180	190	845	415	430
Bamanankan	180	100	80	10	10	0
Edo	10	0	5	70	35	35
Ewe	75	30	45	80	45	35
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	355	175	180	105	55	45
Ga	10	5	5	40	20	20
Ganda	0	0	0	95	50	50
Igbo	10	0	5	265	125	145
Lingala	375	155	220	85	35	45
Rundi (Kirundi)	360	170	195	280	135	145
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	270	115	155	350	175	170
Shona	20	10	10	410	190	225
Swahili	275	145	130	1,090	530	565
Wolof	535	300	240	170	95	75
Yoruba	40	15	20	690	340	350
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	645	325	320	1,015	485	535
Nilo-Saharan languages	35	20	15	1,525	765	755
Dinka	0	0	0	800	420	380
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	40	25	15	725	350	375
Sign languages	585	345	245	1,095	630	465
American Sign Language	45	20	25	325	170	155
Quebec Sign Language	245	130	125	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	290	195	95	765	455	310
Sino-Tibetan languages	41,620	19,770	21,845	82,380	39,230	43,155
Chinese languages	41,560	19,745	21,820	80,880	38,455	42,420
Cantonese	11,620	5,465	6,160	38,275	17,810	20,460
Hakka	105	50	55	315	135	185
Mandarin	26,080	12,475	13,605	37,125	18,030	19,095
Min Dong	0	0	0	20	5	10
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	1,410	645	770	1,245	540	705
Wu (Shanghainese)	580	265	315	340	175	165
Chinese, n.o.s.	1,730	830	905	3,550	1,760	1,785
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	30	15	15	10	5	5
Tibeto-Burman languages	60	30	30	1,500	770	730
Burmese	20	10	10	280	145	130
Karenic languages	0	0	0	665	340	320
Tibetan	15	5	5	420	220	200
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	140	65	75
Tai-Kadai languages	930	455	475	1,130	505	625
Lao	810	405	405	465	215	245
Thai	120	50	75	655	285	370
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	5	10
Turkic languages	3,620	1,800	1,820	2,390	1,270	1,120
Azerbaijani	65	35	35	155	90	75
Turkish	3,315	1,645	1,665	1,945	1,030	915
Uyghur	100	55	45	80	45	40
Uzbek	90	45	50	135	70	65
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	50	20	30	70	35	25
Uralic languages	1,335	565	775	2,130	1,040	1,085
Estonian	25	10	15	25	10	15
Finnish	35	15	20	105	50	50
Hungarian	1,280	535	735	1,995	980	1,015
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	95	55	35	240	140	95
Multiple responses	174,640	85,065	89,575	189,040	92,280	96,760
English and French	34,135	17,340	16,800	6,885	3,410	3,475
English and non-official language	38,285	18,350	19,930	178,070	86,895	91,170
French and non-official language	77,415	36,940	40,475	1,125	540	580
English, French and non-official language	24,805	12,435	12,365	2,965	1,430	1,530
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	1,914,760	933,260	981,495	4,026,650	2,020,510	2,006,140
None	1,358,395	658,445	699,950	3,492,295	1,760,240	1,732,055
English	164,875	83,085	81,790	221,305	110,655	110,650
French	156,830	77,375	79,450	41,840	19,470	22,375
Non-official language	183,265	88,830	94,430	262,255	125,640	136,615
Aboriginal	280	100	180	17,430	8,325	9,105
Non-Aboriginal	182,980	88,730	94,250	244,825	117,315	127,510
English and French	21,910	11,010	10,900	1,535	775	760
English and non-official language	13,995	6,950	7,045	4,545	2,345	2,195
French and non-official language	14,580	7,085	7,495	2,795	1,340	1,455
English, French and non-official language	905	470	435	85	50	40
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	1,591,005	770,805	820,205	3,206,050	1,602,690	1,603,360
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,527,425	741,020	786,410	3,053,470	1,528,275	1,525,190
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,198	31,716	27,061	42,717	54,891	33,213
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,527,625	741,070	786,560	3,054,135	1,528,420	1,525,715
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,873	28,718	25,306	38,067	47,131	30,478
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,319,250	651,485	667,770	2,839,590	1,458,560	1,381,030
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,843	31,722	24,323	42,330	54,528	32,099
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,220,350	562,060	658,295	1,785,065	711,210	1,073,855
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	4,964	2,979	7,393	4,093	3,834	4,185
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,076,775	552,940	523,830	2,473,665	1,301,630	1,172,030
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,102	31,811	26,411	42,679	54,361	32,982
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	1,590,985	770,725	820,255	3,206,045	1,602,810	1,603,235
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,526,955	740,630	786,320	3,054,555	1,528,100	1,526,455
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,670	50,317	37,410	62,778	80,001	45,535
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,527,150	740,680	786,470	3,055,230	1,528,240	1,526,995
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,155	39,256	31,292	50,683	62,938	38,417
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,318,335	651,120	667,220	2,840,675	1,458,210	1,382,465
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,430	51,690	35,370	62,997	80,282	44,766
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,220,065	561,415	658,650	1,784,345	710,105	1,074,240
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,727	6,430	8,832	7,175	7,298	7,093
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,076,765	553,085	523,680	2,473,665	1,299,805	1,173,855
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,754	49,167	35,982	59,343	74,073	43,031
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	1,590,980	770,730	820,255	3,206,050	1,602,810	1,603,240
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	451,850	249,200	202,655	1,152,385	669,770	482,615
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	47,182	50,049	44,352	64,090	73,781	53,836
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	62,105	69,189	53,395	81,586	94,822	63,218
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	85.8	90.2	80.3	93.3	95.8	89.1
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	69.1	73.0	64.1	76.5	78.9	72.3
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	14.2	9.8	19.7	6.7	4.2	10.9
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	1,591,005	770,800	820,205	3,206,050	1,602,690	1,603,360
Without total income	63,580	29,780	33,800	152,585	74,410	78,170
With total income	1,527,425	741,020	786,405	3,053,470	1,528,280	1,525,190
Percentage with total income	96.0	96.1	95.9	95.2	95.4	95.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	239,230	118,900	120,330	389,580	146,450	243,130
$10,000 to $19,999	304,770	130,870	173,895	385,235	147,125	238,110
$20,000 to $29,999	235,475	104,545	130,935	364,915	142,810	222,105
$30,000 to $39,999	186,815	89,430	97,390	305,680	131,185	174,490
$40,000 to $49,999	152,610	72,485	80,125	286,615	133,715	152,900
$50,000 to $59,999	107,705	52,510	55,195	247,830	124,720	123,115
$60,000 to $69,999	75,560	38,430	37,130	205,840	114,405	91,430
$70,000 to $79,999	57,765	30,275	27,490	165,640	99,645	65,995
$80,000 to $89,999	40,455	22,220	18,230	132,720	82,700	50,020
$90,000 to $99,999	27,515	16,235	11,280	114,010	70,655	43,350
$100,000 and over	99,530	65,125	34,410	455,410	334,865	120,550
$100,000 to $149,999	59,525	37,210	22,315	274,185	191,710	82,475
$150,000 and over	40,005	27,915	12,090	181,225	143,150	38,075
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	1,591,010	770,800	820,205	3,206,050	1,602,690	1,603,365
Without after-tax income	63,375	29,730	33,650	151,915	74,270	77,645
With after-tax income	1,527,630	741,070	786,560	3,054,135	1,528,420	1,525,715
Percentage with after-tax income	96.0	96.1	95.9	95.3	95.4	95.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	244,915	120,610	124,305	399,005	149,280	249,725
$10,000 to $19,999	317,790	137,530	180,260	402,780	154,330	248,450
$20,000 to $29,999	280,350	127,895	152,455	420,955	166,650	254,300
$30,000 to $39,999	233,885	112,565	121,315	377,590	169,665	207,925
$40,000 to $49,999	161,415	77,850	83,565	347,960	172,595	175,365
$50,000 to $59,999	100,755	51,380	49,375	276,970	153,985	122,985
$60,000 to $69,999	64,225	34,415	29,810	208,265	127,045	81,220
$70,000 to $79,999	37,685	21,995	15,695	160,580	100,970	59,610
$80,000 and over	86,605	56,830	29,775	460,030	333,895	126,140
$80,000 to $89,999	23,470	14,370	9,100	121,015	78,400	42,620
$90,000 to $99,999	15,190	9,590	5,605	82,020	57,375	24,645
$100,000 and over	47,945	32,870	15,070	257,000	198,120	58,875
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	1,591,005	770,800	820,205	3,206,050	1,602,690	1,603,360
Without employment income	514,235	217,860	296,375	732,385	301,060	431,330
With employment income	1,076,770	552,940	523,830	2,473,665	1,301,630	1,172,035
Percentage with employment income	67.7	71.7	63.9	77.2	81.2	73.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	149,120	72,790	76,330	273,835	122,830	151,005
$5,000 to $9,999	93,250	43,420	49,830	164,095	68,100	95,990
$10,000 to $19,999	167,710	80,255	87,455	274,105	113,680	160,430
$20,000 to $29,999	139,770	68,060	71,710	235,620	96,855	138,760
$30,000 to $39,999	124,895	62,855	62,045	227,450	100,650	126,805
$40,000 to $49,999	100,740	50,140	50,605	219,155	103,680	115,475
$50,000 to $59,999	74,565	38,930	35,640	195,145	99,285	95,860
$60,000 to $69,999	55,000	29,590	25,405	163,465	92,950	70,515
$70,000 to $79,999	45,820	24,710	21,105	135,150	83,240	51,910
$80,000 and over	125,895	82,190	43,705	585,640	420,365	165,280
$80,000 to $89,999	30,005	17,920	12,080	111,045	71,210	39,835
$90,000 to $99,999	20,740	13,030	7,710	99,785	62,305	37,480
$100,000 and over	75,150	51,240	23,915	374,815	286,855	87,960
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	870,370	...	...	1,527,680	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	52,519	...	...	93,835	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	46,559	...	...	80,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	342,510	...	...	366,080	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,642	...	...	47,948	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,860	...	...	41,502	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	527,865	...	...	1,161,600	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	71,245	...	...	111,435	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	62,917	...	...	94,830	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	870,370	...	...	1,527,675	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	76,614	...	...	125,522	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	61,682	...	...	101,361	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	342,495	...	...	365,000	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	41,473	...	...	64,341	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,940	...	...	52,116	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	527,885	...	...	1,162,675	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	99,413	...	...	144,729	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	79,682	...	...	116,821	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	870,375	...	...	1,527,680	...	...
Under $5,000	24,465	...	...	21,660	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	21,890	...	...	13,555	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	38,235	...	...	18,070	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	53,475	...	...	33,045	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	50,070	...	...	51,505	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	44,750	...	...	38,615	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	45,720	...	...	42,580	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	47,060	...	...	46,630	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	46,110	...	...	46,520	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	42,660	...	...	46,825	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	77,510	...	...	95,425	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	63,470	...	...	95,340	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	52,580	...	...	92,345	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	43,035	...	...	88,775	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	35,265	...	...	84,570	...	...
$100,000 and over	184,085	...	...	712,215	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	62,300	...	...	184,595	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	39,105	...	...	142,910	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	40,015	...	...	181,960	...	...
$200,000 and over	42,665	...	...	202,745	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	870,370	...	...	1,527,680	...	...
Under $5,000	25,565	...	...	23,395	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	22,120	...	...	13,860	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	38,565	...	...	18,600	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	56,115	...	...	34,540	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	56,305	...	...	55,010	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	52,835	...	...	44,170	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	57,450	...	...	50,280	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	57,290	...	...	55,645	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	53,145	...	...	57,695	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	49,970	...	...	59,195	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	85,660	...	...	119,200	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	67,270	...	...	116,250	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	52,000	...	...	112,675	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	41,020	...	...	106,235	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	31,890	...	...	95,600	...	...
$100,000 and over	123,165	...	...	565,335	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	52,170	...	...	192,795	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	27,430	...	...	132,240	...	...
$150,000 and over	43,565	...	...	240,305	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	489,520	...	...	1,099,900	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	72,845	...	...	109,997	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	64,039	...	...	93,588	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	169,175	...	...	407,300	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	71,408	...	...	101,283	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	61,304	...	...	86,043	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	208,095	...	...	511,375	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	91,649	...	...	133,186	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	79,750	...	...	111,951	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	95,475	...	...	146,045	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	49,168	...	...	62,909	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,426	...	...	57,079	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	489,420	...	...	1,101,485	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	102,221	...	...	144,493	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	81,540	...	...	116,343	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	168,840	...	...	408,625	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	101,556	...	...	137,805	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	79,271	...	...	110,236	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	208,250	...	...	512,615	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	124,472	...	...	169,354	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,758	...	...	135,623	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	95,425	...	...	145,115	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	60,918	...	...	80,406	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,129	...	...	68,470	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	443,405	218,395	225,010	577,475	308,835	268,640
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	27,024	26,960	27,071	42,598	47,903	37,344
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	25,186	24,951	25,373	37,648	41,340	33,785
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	442,760	217,830	224,930	573,385	306,195	267,190
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	37,613	38,298	36,950	56,856	63,468	49,280
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	31,122	31,265	30,983	46,559	50,990	41,481
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	1,894,995	925,870	969,130	3,978,150	1,998,500	1,979,650
In the bottom half of the distribution	1,202,765	579,085	623,680	1,527,695	739,210	788,485
In the bottom decile	287,610	143,600	144,005	293,490	143,880	149,605
In the second decile	252,935	116,590	136,340	278,635	128,055	150,575
In the third decile	255,250	122,140	133,110	297,695	142,090	155,605
In the fourth decile	221,160	106,575	114,585	315,570	154,815	160,760
In the fifth decile	185,815	90,175	95,640	342,305	170,375	171,935
In the top half of the distribution	692,230	346,780	345,450	2,450,450	1,259,285	1,191,160
In the sixth decile	160,105	78,680	81,425	366,250	183,860	182,390
In the seventh decile	143,930	71,540	72,390	397,275	201,465	195,810
In the eighth decile	132,120	66,215	65,905	443,585	227,385	216,200
In the ninth decile	119,890	60,885	59,005	522,545	268,995	253,555
In the top decile	136,185	69,465	66,725	720,795	377,585	343,215
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	1,894,995	925,865	969,135	3,925,220	1,971,735	1,953,485
0 to 17 years	358,105	182,640	175,460	893,255	458,330	434,925
0 to 5 years	130,840	66,865	63,970	310,080	158,825	151,260
18 to 64 years	1,247,980	617,995	629,985	2,580,730	1,298,440	1,282,295
65 years and over	288,910	125,230	163,680	451,235	214,965	236,265
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	403,880	193,540	210,345	363,890	171,945	191,940
0 to 17 years	81,100	41,415	39,685	114,215	58,665	55,555
0 to 5 years	29,655	15,075	14,580	41,755	21,350	20,400
18 to 64 years	262,435	129,925	132,505	210,870	98,415	112,455
65 years and over	60,350	22,195	38,150	38,800	14,875	23,925
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	21.3	20.9	21.7	9.3	8.7	9.8
0 to 17 years (%)	22.6	22.7	22.6	12.8	12.8	12.8
0 to 5 years (%)	22.7	22.5	22.8	13.5	13.4	13.5
18 to 64 years (%)	21.0	21.0	21.0	8.2	7.6	8.8
65 years and over (%)	20.9	17.7	23.3	8.6	6.9	10.1
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	339,685	166,970	172,710	273,515	134,180	139,335
0 to 17 years	61,200	31,295	29,910	76,930	39,385	37,550
0 to 5 years	22,345	11,355	10,985	28,190	14,420	13,770
18 to 64 years	236,690	120,520	116,175	181,805	88,715	93,095
65 years and over	41,790	15,160	26,630	14,780	6,085	8,695
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	17.9	18.0	17.8	7.0	6.8	7.1
0 to 17 years (%)	17.1	17.1	17.0	8.6	8.6	8.6
0 to 5 years (%)	17.1	17.0	17.2	9.1	9.1	9.1
18 to 64 years (%)	19.0	19.5	18.4	7.0	6.8	7.3
65 years and over (%)	14.5	12.1	16.3	3.3	2.8	3.7
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	1,894,995	925,815	969,180	3,978,145	1,998,500	1,979,645
Official languages	1,850,005	908,350	941,655	3,920,530	1,974,435	1,946,095
English	1,342,265	680,010	662,255	3,916,805	1,972,800	1,944,005
French	1,631,820	799,640	832,180	264,600	123,940	140,660
Non-official languages	900,345	433,465	466,885	1,082,425	527,770	554,655
Aboriginal languages	755	340	415	36,465	17,415	19,045
Algonquian languages	330	185	145	29,675	14,120	15,555
Blackfoot	0	0	0	5,575	2,665	2,905
Cree-Montagnais languages	265	130	130	23,465	11,155	12,310
Atikamekw	10	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	55	25	30	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	25	0	15
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	70	40	25	90	20	70
Plains Cree	10	10	0	1,580	620	965
Southern East Cree	0	10	0	10	10	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	10	45	25	25
Woods Cree	0	0	0	1,135	525	610
Cree, n.o.s.	120	45	75	20,665	9,990	10,675
Eastern Algonquian languages	25	25	0	35	15	15
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	30	20	10	35	15	15
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	25	20	10	955	425	530
Algonquin	20	10	10	10	10	0
Ojibway	10	0	0	925	415	505
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	20	10	15
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	10	10	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	2,640	1,255	1,385
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	2,630	1,250	1,380
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Beaver	0	0	0	85	50	35
Carrier	0	0	0	45	10	35
Chilcotin	0	0	0	20	15	10
Dene	10	0	0	2,010	975	1,035
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	75	30	45
Gwich'in	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	150	65	85
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	285	140	145
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	25	15	10
South Slavey	0	0	0	190	90	100
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	75	35	45
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	10	0	10
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Haida	0	0	0	10	0	10
Inuit languages	370	120	250	135	50	80
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	35	10	25
Inuktitut	335	110	220	60	20	35
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	40	15	30	40	25	20
Iroquoian languages	45	35	10	40	25	10
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	10	0
Mohawk	35	35	0	35	25	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	10	10
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	145	75	70
Salish languages	0	0	0	50	25	25
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	10	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	4,050	2,005	2,045
Dakota	0	0	0	530	285	245
Stoney	0	0	0	3,650	1,790	1,855
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tlingit	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	35	15	15
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Nisga'a	0	0	10	15	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	10	0	0	30	15	15
Non-Aboriginal languages	899,645	433,150	466,495	1,046,245	510,495	535,750
Afro-Asiatic languages	188,110	98,615	89,495	96,210	50,675	45,535
Berber languages	18,525	9,830	8,695	540	335	205
Kabyle	11,195	5,980	5,210	225	125	90
Berber languages, n.i.e.	7,440	3,905	3,535	315	210	110
Cushitic languages	1,045	510	540	15,445	8,055	7,385
Bilen	35	20	15	370	235	135
Oromo	25	20	10	3,125	1,625	1,500
Somali	975	460	515	12,030	6,240	5,795
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	55	20	40
Semitic languages	178,735	93,595	85,140	82,200	43,405	38,800
Amharic	820	405	415	10,870	5,595	5,275
Arabic	162,300	85,065	77,240	62,730	33,365	29,370
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	70	35	40	430	225	210
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	150	70	75
Harari	10	10	0	340	150	185
Hebrew	16,165	8,435	7,730	3,250	1,650	1,600
Maltese	10	10	0	145	85	55
Tigrigna	255	125	130	7,315	3,915	3,400
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	80	55	25	450	250	205
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	435	220	215	375	225	145
Austro-Asiatic languages	30,725	14,715	16,010	32,730	15,440	17,290
Khmer (Cambodian)	6,335	3,050	3,285	2,700	1,375	1,330
Vietnamese	24,615	11,780	12,835	30,150	14,130	16,015
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	20	15	10	15	0	10
Austronesian languages	25,320	9,560	15,760	145,745	63,615	82,130
Bikol	105	45	55	330	150	180
Cebuano	715	260	455	6,690	2,940	3,750
Fijian	0	10	0	340	195	145
Hiligaynon	445	160	290	1,760	745	1,020
Ilocano	2,270	825	1,440	7,370	3,160	4,215
Malagasy	835	405	435	80	40	40
Malay	715	290	425	3,040	1,435	1,610
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	165	80	85	1,185	565	625
Pangasinan	50	15	30	445	190	250
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	22,770	8,440	14,335	138,440	60,115	78,325
Waray-Waray	40	10	30	420	170	245
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	320	150	175	1,160	505	650
Creole languages	70,350	31,455	38,895	4,585	2,390	2,195
Haitian Creole	2,895	1,370	1,525	255	140	115
Creole, n.o.s.	66,340	29,580	36,765	2,675	1,425	1,250
Creole languages, n.i.e.	1,485	705	780	1,680	840	850
Dravidian languages	14,890	7,650	7,240	18,190	9,660	8,525
Kannada	365	180	180	1,035	520	515
Malayalam	395	225	170	8,150	4,255	3,900
Tamil	13,650	6,960	6,695	7,195	3,900	3,295
Telugu	835	485	345	2,910	1,560	1,345
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	150	80	70
Hmong-Mien languages	30	15	15	115	55	55
Indo-European languages	490,850	234,270	256,580	550,490	274,510	275,980
Albanian	2,065	1,045	1,025	2,880	1,550	1,325
Armenian	9,210	4,370	4,840	530	255	275
Balto-Slavic languages	53,575	24,605	28,970	93,150	44,750	48,395
Baltic languages	715	330	385	1,360	660	705
Latvian	240	110	135	590	300	290
Lithuanian	475	225	255	775	360	415
Slavic languages	52,990	24,340	28,645	92,300	44,340	47,960
Belarusan	190	80	110	200	95	105
Bosnian	330	150	180	2,880	1,450	1,435
Bulgarian	4,430	2,115	2,310	1,795	945	850
Croatian	1,795	855	940	6,280	3,260	3,025
Czech	1,275	575	700	3,590	1,650	1,940
Macedonian	140	55	80	535	270	265
Polish	11,085	4,910	6,170	23,650	11,455	12,195
Russian	30,185	14,095	16,090	27,375	13,195	14,175
Serbian	1,935	890	1,050	5,355	2,630	2,730
Serbo-Croatian	635	275	360	1,095	550	540
Slovak	850	395	450	2,780	1,495	1,285
Slovene (Slovenian)	570	270	305	735	360	375
Ukrainian	6,175	2,680	3,495	26,600	11,980	14,620
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	95	45	55	250	120	130
Celtic languages	280	175	105	1,180	615	560
Scottish Gaelic	85	55	30	440	215	225
Welsh	45	20	20	315	180	130
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	160	100	55	450	220	225
Germanic languages	34,400	16,995	17,405	112,670	56,325	56,345
Afrikaans	230	165	70	5,165	2,655	2,515
Danish	450	210	240	2,800	1,360	1,440
Dutch	2,350	1,225	1,120	19,480	9,595	9,890
Frisian	0	10	0	475	275	205
German	21,045	10,415	10,630	83,010	41,905	41,105
Icelandic	95	65	30	160	70	95
Norwegian	300	135	165	1,450	635	810
Swedish	920	410	510	1,635	800	835
Vlaams (Flemish)	250	70	185	380	170	215
Yiddish	9,880	4,910	4,965	250	130	115
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	85	45	40	2,115	1,095	1,015
Greek	26,310	12,845	13,465	4,935	2,535	2,400
Indo-Iranian languages	64,655	33,330	31,320	206,725	106,045	100,675
Indo-Aryan languages	43,825	22,985	20,840	186,005	95,045	90,960
Bengali	11,090	5,680	5,410	8,530	4,385	4,140
Gujarati	6,565	3,235	3,330	18,005	8,945	9,055
Hindi	11,865	6,415	5,450	61,290	31,900	29,385
Kashmiri	35	30	10	125	80	45
Konkani	115	55	60	625	300	320
Marathi	375	195	180	2,575	1,385	1,195
Nepali	135	75	60	5,510	3,000	2,510
Oriya (Odia)	40	20	15	255	135	120
Punjabi (Panjabi)	12,800	7,135	5,665	90,485	46,350	44,135
Sindhi	350	160	195	4,595	2,065	2,530
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	925	440	485	3,800	1,925	1,875
Urdu	11,255	5,930	5,315	41,235	21,245	20,000
Iranian languages	21,235	10,575	10,660	22,140	11,665	10,475
Kurdish	675	340	335	1,930	1,100	825
Pashto	1,140	615	525	3,330	1,795	1,530
Persian (Farsi)	19,650	9,770	9,880	17,600	9,220	8,375
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	450	260	190	1,760	960	805
Italic (Romance) languages	320,755	150,495	170,260	142,340	69,885	72,450
Catalan	550	330	220	170	95	80
Italian	114,505	54,380	60,120	19,900	9,875	10,020
Portuguese	27,360	13,775	13,585	12,670	6,255	6,415
Romanian	22,115	10,440	11,675	9,915	5,185	4,735
Spanish	176,745	81,465	95,285	104,445	50,960	53,490
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	230	145	85	250	130	125
Japanese	4,275	1,930	2,345	9,215	4,115	5,100
Kartvelian languages	190	90	100	225	130	100
Georgian	195	90	95	230	130	100
Korean	4,930	2,315	2,620	19,950	9,405	10,545
Mongolic languages	205	110	95	800	375	430
Mongolian	205	105	100	800	370	430
Niger-Congo languages	26,800	13,565	13,240	29,430	14,980	14,450
Akan (Twi)	1,350	710	640	2,925	1,505	1,420
Bamanankan	1,305	685	620	60	30	30
Edo	145	60	80	620	325	290
Ewe	730	490	240	335	170	165
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	2,090	1,115	980	300	165	135
Ga	170	100	75	345	190	155
Ganda	30	10	25	610	305	305
Igbo	180	115	60	2,550	1,345	1,210
Lingala	5,470	2,455	3,015	1,240	640	605
Rundi (Kirundi)	1,510	715	790	830	420	410
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	1,420	680	745	1,155	605	550
Shona	105	55	50	1,810	850	960
Swahili	2,985	1,500	1,490	6,700	3,470	3,235
Wolof	3,295	1,800	1,495	600	365	235
Yoruba	590	330	260	5,930	3,035	2,890
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	8,970	4,620	4,345	6,585	3,265	3,320
Nilo-Saharan languages	205	125	75	3,070	1,495	1,575
Dinka	0	0	0	1,655	825	825
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	205	130	75	1,425	675	750
Sign languages	2,135	890	1,245	5,910	2,350	3,555
American Sign Language	300	125	180	3,085	1,130	1,955
Quebec Sign Language	1,160	435	730	0	0	10
Sign languages, n.i.e.	760	370	390	2,855	1,230	1,625
Sino-Tibetan languages	61,480	28,975	32,505	141,860	67,945	73,915
Chinese languages	61,355	28,905	32,450	139,385	66,700	72,685
Cantonese	20,895	9,735	11,155	74,770	35,490	39,280
Hakka	385	170	210	1,180	515	660
Mandarin	40,720	18,965	21,755	70,510	33,310	37,195
Min Dong	15	10	10	85	50	40
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	2,990	1,310	1,675	4,140	1,765	2,380
Wu (Shanghainese)	925	420	505	855	380	470
Chinese, n.o.s.	3,410	1,665	1,745	6,335	3,160	3,175
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	75	35	45	55	25	35
Tibeto-Burman languages	155	95	65	2,590	1,290	1,300
Burmese	70	40	30	605	305	295
Karenic languages	0	0	0	805	415	390
Tibetan	30	25	0	860	430	430
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	60	25	30	445	215	235
Tai-Kadai languages	2,785	1,315	1,475	3,705	1,510	2,195
Lao	2,100	1,035	1,060	1,520	730	795
Thai	970	400	570	2,400	850	1,545
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	45	25	25
Turkic languages	8,200	4,105	4,100	5,795	3,180	2,625
Azerbaijani	400	220	175	630	325	300
Turkish	7,400	3,705	3,695	4,255	2,420	1,835
Uyghur	175	85	90	290	135	155
Uzbek	185	80	110	425	200	225
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	175	85	85	355	170	180
Uralic languages	4,905	2,205	2,705	8,895	4,315	4,575
Estonian	105	45	60	185	85	105
Finnish	270	100	170	1,045	455	590
Hungarian	4,525	2,060	2,470	7,660	3,770	3,890
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	1,070	590	485	1,820	1,025	790
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	1,895,000	925,815	969,185	3,978,145	1,998,495	1,979,645
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	1,648,430	803,195	845,235	3,622,740	1,825,135	1,797,600
Canadian citizens aged under 18	322,920	164,560	158,370	854,815	439,065	415,755
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	1,325,505	638,635	686,870	2,767,920	1,386,070	1,381,850
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	246,565	122,620	123,945	355,410	173,365	182,045
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	1,894,995	925,815	969,185	3,978,145	1,998,495	1,979,650
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	1,187,260	582,140	605,120	3,062,775	1,550,445	1,512,335
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	644,680	310,250	334,430	845,220	412,320	432,895
Before 1981	141,755	66,725	75,035	163,460	81,620	81,840
1981 to 1990	74,335	36,560	37,775	86,350	41,690	44,660
1991 to 2000	108,760	51,330	57,430	131,560	62,930	68,630
2001 to 2010	181,195	87,585	93,610	256,055	125,235	130,820
2001 to 2005	74,840	36,150	38,695	109,145	53,425	55,720
2006 to 2010	106,360	51,435	54,920	146,910	71,810	75,100
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	138,635	68,055	70,585	207,790	100,845	106,945
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	63,060	33,425	29,630	70,155	35,735	34,420
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	644,685	310,250	334,430	845,220	412,320	432,895
Under 5 years	58,110	28,910	29,200	82,175	42,200	39,975
5 to 14 years	97,545	48,375	49,175	149,815	77,820	71,995
15 to 24 years	128,855	58,300	70,560	168,965	78,215	90,755
25 to 44 years	314,350	153,930	160,420	372,805	180,265	192,535
45 years and over	45,815	20,740	25,075	71,450	33,820	37,630
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	644,685	310,250	334,435	845,215	412,325	432,895
Americas	140,935	64,340	76,600	103,540	49,345	54,190
Brazil	3,960	1,865	2,090	2,545	1,100	1,440
Colombia	9,135	4,295	4,835	9,535	4,570	4,960
El Salvador	6,965	3,470	3,500	7,255	3,725	3,530
Guyana	1,825	765	1,060	2,555	1,200	1,355
Haiti	50,160	21,900	28,255	1,270	675	600
Jamaica	3,555	1,525	2,035	6,845	3,170	3,680
Mexico	9,155	4,205	4,955	15,665	7,860	7,805
Peru	7,400	3,280	4,115	1,920	780	1,140
Trinidad and Tobago	2,895	1,305	1,595	3,415	1,670	1,750
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	12,335	6,325	6,005	30,460	13,675	16,785
Other places of birth in Americas	33,555	15,400	18,160	22,075	10,925	11,150
Europe	172,245	82,670	89,580	189,770	95,355	94,415
Bosnia and Herzegovina	735	370	365	4,555	2,325	2,230
Croatia	1,075	540	540	3,080	1,615	1,465
France	38,165	20,010	18,155	2,535	1,215	1,320
Germany	4,240	1,780	2,455	19,205	9,485	9,715
Greece	10,320	4,995	5,320	2,005	1,115	890
Hungary	2,270	1,025	1,240	3,665	1,880	1,785
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	490	270	220	3,935	2,100	1,835
Italy	39,105	18,405	20,700	8,110	4,370	3,745
Netherlands	915	490	420	14,035	7,420	6,610
Poland	6,930	2,955	3,975	16,925	8,045	8,880
Portugal	9,480	4,385	5,100	4,050	1,985	2,070
Romania	14,250	6,555	7,695	7,725	3,930	3,795
Russian Federation	7,480	3,245	4,235	7,260	3,135	4,125
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	1,040	465	575	2,255	1,080	1,170
Ukraine	5,750	2,490	3,260	8,150	3,700	4,455
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	7,105	3,680	3,420	59,215	30,280	28,935
Other places of birth in Europe	22,890	10,990	11,900	23,060	11,670	11,390
Africa	143,550	74,055	69,495	89,740	46,705	43,030
Algeria	40,140	20,915	19,220	1,340	715	625
Egypt	12,710	6,535	6,170	5,320	2,940	2,375
Ethiopia	735	370	370	10,570	5,355	5,215
Kenya	425	205	220	5,120	2,555	2,565
Morocco	37,365	19,155	18,205	1,695	1,005	695
Nigeria	910	495	415	12,405	6,520	5,880
Somalia	440	205	230	7,060	3,665	3,395
South Africa, Republic of	505	275	230	7,355	3,670	3,685
Other places of birth in Africa	50,335	25,885	24,450	38,865	20,275	18,590
Asia	187,130	88,725	98,400	452,225	215,955	236,265
Afghanistan	1,490	735	755	5,190	2,765	2,430
Bangladesh	6,865	3,440	3,425	5,085	2,590	2,500
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	30,715	13,440	17,275	57,690	26,510	31,185
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	2,800	1,335	1,460	19,110	9,265	9,850
India	13,340	6,920	6,425	91,660	46,625	45,035
IranCensus data footnote 61	14,160	6,970	7,190	8,910	4,655	4,250
Iraq	1,980	1,035	945	5,935	3,205	2,730
Japan	1,150	300	855	3,065	905	2,160
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	2,800	1,265	1,535	13,850	6,530	7,320
Lebanon	20,015	10,680	9,335	10,395	5,640	4,750
Pakistan	6,725	3,550	3,180	28,075	14,630	13,445
Philippines	20,535	7,730	12,805	123,830	54,075	69,755
Sri Lanka	8,315	4,135	4,180	4,835	2,475	2,365
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	10,080	5,050	5,025	4,800	2,515	2,280
Taiwan	1,660	675	985	3,455	1,460	2,000
Viet Nam	17,845	8,295	9,550	27,080	12,645	14,435
Other places of birth in Asia	26,650	13,175	13,470	39,250	19,485	19,765
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	825	460	360	9,940	4,950	4,990
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	138,635	68,050	70,585	207,790	100,845	106,945
Americas	29,030	13,815	15,215	20,060	9,660	10,400
Brazil	1,730	870	860	860	370	490
Colombia	3,180	1,535	1,645	2,295	1,020	1,275
Cuba	1,265	650	615	465	215	255
Haiti	11,775	5,370	6,405	385	240	150
Jamaica	125	90	35	1,660	765	895
Mexico	2,595	1,215	1,380	4,405	2,250	2,150
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	2,510	1,415	1,095	4,645	2,130	2,515
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	1,125	540	585	1,570	745	820
Other places of birth in Americas	4,720	2,130	2,595	3,785	1,930	1,855
Europe	24,950	12,790	12,155	20,870	10,830	10,045
France	12,465	6,725	5,735	425	240	180
Germany	325	155	175	1,370	710	655
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	80	60	20	1,355	835	520
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	2,905	1,325	1,575	715	365	350
Romania	1,695	735	960	1,100	545	555
Russian Federation	1,445	680	765	1,235	430	805
Ukraine	1,640	750	895	2,340	1,060	1,280
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	520	345	180	6,225	3,570	2,650
Other places of birth in Europe	3,880	2,015	1,870	6,100	3,065	3,040
Africa	47,375	23,710	23,665	27,770	14,165	13,610
Algeria	13,150	6,440	6,710	255	115	135
Cameroon	4,260	2,085	2,170	1,055	515	545
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	1,655	785	875	805	365	440
Côte d'Ivoire	2,795	1,385	1,415	420	210	210
Egypt	3,215	1,720	1,490	1,940	1,045	895
Eritrea	45	30	15	2,390	1,335	1,055
Ethiopia	110	60	50	3,445	1,670	1,780
Morocco	9,615	4,790	4,820	515	265	250
Nigeria	400	210	180	6,110	3,200	2,910
Somalia	75	40	40	2,120	1,110	1,010
South Africa, Republic of	105	50	45	1,590	800	785
Tunisia	3,730	1,885	1,850	255	135	125
Other places of birth in Africa	8,225	4,225	4,000	6,870	3,400	3,470
Asia	37,060	17,590	19,470	137,110	65,055	72,050
Afghanistan	255	110	145	810	435	375
Bangladesh	790	415	375	1,355	635	715
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	7,780	3,565	4,215	10,525	4,700	5,825
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	75	25	55	750	305	450
India	2,395	1,295	1,100	28,820	14,915	13,900
IranCensus data footnote 61	6,745	3,180	3,560	3,265	1,665	1,600
Iraq	380	180	205	2,010	1,045	960
Israel	490	275	210	480	250	230
Japan	245	25	215	665	195	475
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	665	260	400	3,840	1,710	2,125
Lebanon	2,285	1,270	1,015	1,470	755	710
Nepal	40	25	20	2,615	1,380	1,240
Pakistan	1,095	590	505	6,910	3,420	3,490
Philippines	4,825	2,080	2,745	59,390	26,960	32,435
Saudi Arabia	345	170	175	820	435	385
Sri Lanka	685	300	390	1,345	650	695
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	3,980	2,030	1,950	3,340	1,705	1,630
Taiwan	105	50	50	505	165	340
Turkey	395	205	190	390	215	180
United Arab Emirates	205	90	110	810	430	375
Viet Nam	1,020	400	620	2,040	795	1,240
Other places of birth in Asia	2,260	1,050	1,210	4,965	2,285	2,680
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	225	145	80	1,980	1,135	845
Australia	115	80	40	1,065	600	465
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	105	65	40	915	535	375
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	1,894,995	925,810	969,180	3,978,145	1,998,500	1,979,650
First generationCensus data footnote 69	719,985	350,065	369,915	938,500	460,015	478,480
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	404,595	203,185	201,415	742,455	374,065	368,390
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	770,420	372,570	397,850	2,297,195	1,164,420	1,132,775
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	511,335	247,530	263,805	694,945	337,380	357,565
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	285,275	147,400	137,875	387,275	195,845	191,430
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	141,270	84,080	57,190	154,700	96,855	57,850
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	144,010	63,325	80,685	232,570	98,990	133,575
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	139,475	55,585	83,890	198,575	81,650	116,920
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	78,760	40,880	37,885	103,785	57,130	46,650
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	7,825	3,670	4,160	5,320	2,745	2,570
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	1,894,995	925,815	969,185	3,978,145	1,998,495	1,979,650
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	13,100	6,090	7,010	258,640	125,445	133,195
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	12,325	5,735	6,595	253,460	123,115	130,340
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	5,905	2,785	3,125	136,585	65,755	70,835
Métis	5,745	2,725	3,025	114,370	56,170	58,200
Inuk (Inuit)	670	225	445	2,500	1,195	1,305
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	300	145	155	2,905	1,350	1,555
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	470	210	260	2,280	975	1,300
Non-Aboriginal identity	1,881,900	919,725	962,175	3,719,505	1,873,055	1,846,450
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	1,895,000	925,815	969,185	3,978,145	1,998,500	1,979,645
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	3,380	1,665	1,715	123,235	59,065	64,170
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	1,891,620	924,150	967,470	3,854,915	1,939,430	1,915,475
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	1,894,995	925,815	969,185	3,978,145	1,998,500	1,979,645
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	6,345	2,820	3,525	103,600	50,680	52,915
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	6,060	2,685	3,380	99,940	48,860	51,070
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	4,825	2,160	2,675	81,685	39,815	41,870
Métis single ancestry	905	430	475	17,515	8,690	8,820
Inuit single ancestry	330	95	235	735	355	380
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	285	135	150	3,665	1,820	1,845
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	185	85	95	3,490	1,725	1,765
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	95	45	50	105	55	50
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	50	35	15
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	20	0	15
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	39,260	17,620	21,645	200,215	97,055	103,160
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	38,625	17,315	21,310	189,830	92,295	97,530
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	33,525	15,010	18,515	104,875	50,595	54,280
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	4,530	2,080	2,445	82,585	40,530	42,060
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	570	225	345	2,365	1,170	1,195
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	635	300	335	10,385	4,760	5,625
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	485	240	250	9,760	4,465	5,295
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	100	45	60	310	155	155
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	40	20	20	270	110	160
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	40	25	20
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	1,849,395	905,380	944,015	3,674,330	1,850,760	1,823,570
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	1,894,995	925,815	969,185	3,978,145	1,998,495	1,979,645
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	623,895	305,345	318,545	933,165	461,460	471,705
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	65,665	34,270	31,390	230,930	118,535	112,390
Chinese	63,465	29,420	34,040	158,200	77,035	81,165
Black	180,580	86,145	94,430	129,390	66,960	62,440
Filipino	28,680	11,625	17,060	166,195	74,770	91,425
Latin American	71,375	34,600	36,775	55,090	27,560	27,525
Arab	129,940	68,880	61,060	56,700	30,245	26,450
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	37,325	17,830	19,495	43,985	21,025	22,960
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	18,930	9,395	9,540	20,980	11,010	9,965
Korean	5,620	2,650	2,965	21,275	10,130	11,145
Japanese	3,060	1,175	1,885	12,165	5,495	6,670
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	5,545	2,630	2,915	9,900	4,700	5,205
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	13,720	6,720	6,995	28,360	13,985	14,375
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	1,271,105	620,470	650,635	3,044,980	1,537,040	1,507,940
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	1,894,995	925,815	969,185	3,978,150	1,998,500	1,979,645
North American Aboriginal origins	45,600	20,430	25,170	303,815	147,735	156,075
First Nations (North American Indian)	39,225	17,585	21,645	200,290	96,845	103,445
Inuit	1,145	430	715	3,900	1,915	1,985
Métis	6,150	2,850	3,295	113,735	55,590	58,150
Other North American origins	591,040	283,995	307,045	955,040	486,735	468,305
Acadian	6,570	3,030	3,540	5,545	2,970	2,570
American	16,130	7,775	8,355	72,355	35,480	36,875
Canadian	542,980	259,895	283,085	902,315	460,335	441,975
New Brunswicker	175	75	95	50	35	15
Newfoundlander	235	115	120	1,985	1,135	850
Nova Scotian	195	90	100	190	115	70
Ontarian	270	130	140	110	65	45
Québécois	37,925	19,190	18,740	1,380	750	630
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	80	40	40	415	210	205
European origins	876,355	429,400	446,955	2,580,720	1,292,280	1,288,440
British Isles origins	213,610	102,280	111,330	1,581,265	787,205	794,060
Channel Islander	220	95	125	225	115	115
Cornish	35	15	20	210	90	115
English	80,065	39,050	41,020	899,440	444,010	455,440
Irish	117,040	54,530	62,510	596,750	288,710	308,040
Manx	110	65	45	945	450	495
Scottish	71,115	33,825	37,290	704,205	347,740	356,460
Welsh	5,465	2,595	2,875	80,455	38,715	41,740
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	15,790	7,470	8,320	90,865	44,055	46,815
French origins	372,960	185,485	187,475	411,560	201,160	210,395
Alsatian	295	140	155	200	120	80
Breton	1,990	1,015	980	60	25	35
Corsican	650	380	270	125	65	70
French	371,250	184,600	186,645	411,315	201,030	210,290
Western European origins (except French origins)	82,830	39,975	42,860	915,185	455,115	460,065
Austrian	6,820	3,305	3,515	39,530	19,225	20,305
Bavarian	30	20	20	110	60	55
Belgian	14,125	6,890	7,235	21,210	10,320	10,890
Dutch	10,050	4,920	5,135	195,720	97,735	97,990
Flemish	445	230	210	2,005	870	1,140
Frisian	0	10	0	685	380	305
German	49,385	23,475	25,910	712,955	353,755	359,195
Luxembourger	355	175	185	680	355	320
Swiss	7,685	3,950	3,740	24,310	11,905	12,410
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	85	50	35	830	390	440
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	10,760	5,215	5,545	329,990	159,695	170,295
Danish	2,460	1,090	1,370	60,380	29,240	31,135
Finnish	1,520	685	830	17,755	8,780	8,975
Icelandic	515	270	250	20,225	10,050	10,175
Norwegian	2,860	1,475	1,390	156,595	75,160	81,430
Swedish	3,410	1,605	1,805	97,840	46,445	51,385
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	800	395	405	13,515	7,005	6,505
Eastern European origins	145,755	70,100	75,655	685,270	336,430	348,845
Bulgarian	5,500	2,610	2,890	2,935	1,510	1,425
Byelorussian	1,575	770	805	2,200	1,165	1,035
Czech	3,735	1,815	1,920	20,865	10,405	10,460
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	1,105	575	535	10,055	4,800	5,255
Estonian	630	330	300	2,715	1,240	1,470
Hungarian	16,875	8,270	8,605	56,270	27,385	28,885
Latvian	1,230	585	645	3,245	1,585	1,660
Lithuanian	4,225	2,105	2,115	6,090	2,915	3,175
Moldovan	5,110	2,490	2,620	1,585	790	790
Polish	46,865	22,825	24,035	186,510	91,115	95,395
Romanian	29,635	14,290	15,345	34,230	16,520	17,710
Russian	38,265	18,115	20,155	107,800	51,840	55,960
Slovak	2,405	1,190	1,210	11,010	5,495	5,515
Ukrainian	23,600	11,240	12,355	369,090	181,600	187,490
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	2,545	1,315	1,230	1,910	1,015	895
Southern European origins	273,825	134,115	139,710	215,725	107,495	108,230
Albanian	2,295	1,180	1,120	2,935	1,555	1,385
Bosnian	580	280	295	3,870	1,985	1,890
Catalan	470	245	225	85	55	25
Croatian	3,175	1,600	1,570	14,220	7,535	6,690
Cypriot	255	140	115	160	90	70
Greek	35,805	17,910	17,895	15,025	7,790	7,235
Italian	168,110	82,250	85,860	101,265	50,975	50,285
Kosovar	260	140	120	420	210	210
Macedonian	415	220	195	1,015	485	535
Maltese	605	335	270	1,560	845	715
Montenegrin	245	140	100	290	185	105
Portuguese	29,890	14,800	15,085	22,385	11,395	10,985
Serbian	2,760	1,265	1,495	7,755	3,875	3,875
Sicilian	550	290	265	330	160	170
Slovenian	1,360	645	710	3,885	2,010	1,875
Spanish	43,300	20,870	22,435	48,055	22,225	25,835
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	1,270	570	700	5,120	2,495	2,625
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	130	85	45	245	120	125
Other European origins	24,805	12,690	12,110	22,805	11,700	11,105
Basque	1,270	705	565	425	210	215
Jewish	19,845	10,105	9,735	9,780	4,890	4,885
Roma (Gypsy)	250	155	90	465	220	245
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	195	95	100	995	505	490
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	3,450	1,760	1,685	11,255	5,940	5,310
Caribbean origins	119,515	54,900	64,620	36,120	18,050	18,070
Antiguan	235	125	115	455	265	190
Bahamian	225	120	105	310	180	130
Barbadian	3,765	1,660	2,100	2,065	980	1,080
Bermudan	60	20	40	210	120	90
Carib	300	115	180	135	45	85
Cuban	4,820	2,310	2,505	2,175	1,110	1,060
Dominican	6,945	3,160	3,785	930	530	395
Grenadian	1,495	590	900	595	300	295
Guadeloupean	495	225	270	0	0	0
Haitian	82,000	37,695	44,305	2,235	1,210	1,025
Jamaican	9,595	4,440	5,155	17,325	8,540	8,785
Kittitian/Nevisian	275	130	140	95	65	30
Martinican	1,025	495	525	10	0	0
Montserratan	140	70	65	30	10	25
Puerto Rican	285	145	145	460	225	240
St. Lucian	530	260	265	595	295	300
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	4,325	1,940	2,385	5,180	2,685	2,490
Vincentian/Grenadinian	3,285	1,345	1,940	535	215	325
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	3,795	1,665	2,125	2,670	1,275	1,395
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	2,945	1,350	1,600	2,305	1,110	1,200
Latin, Central and South American origins	85,035	41,350	43,685	78,405	39,030	39,375
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	3,405	1,635	1,770	1,980	965	1,015
Arawak	120	30	95	105	30	70
Argentinian	2,740	1,390	1,350	1,385	705	680
Belizean	25	10	10	445	250	190
Bolivian	930	440	485	590	305	285
Brazilian	4,350	2,105	2,245	3,030	1,330	1,700
Chilean	6,855	3,460	3,395	8,105	4,115	3,990
Colombian	12,530	5,945	6,580	12,585	6,060	6,525
Costa Rican	595	300	295	575	270	305
Ecuadorian	1,615	715	895	890	405	485
Guatemalan	5,830	3,000	2,830	2,395	1,270	1,120
Guyanese	2,465	1,205	1,255	3,095	1,545	1,555
Hispanic	590	320	265	1,785	905	885
Honduran	2,815	1,355	1,460	760	405	355
Maya	960	565	400	580	310	275
Mexican	13,835	6,685	7,150	22,475	11,430	11,045
Nicaraguan	1,500	755	750	1,675	825	855
Panamanian	830	425	410	320	150	170
Paraguayan	190	95	95	340	155	190
Peruvian	10,190	4,805	5,385	2,740	1,245	1,495
Salvadorean	11,535	5,710	5,820	8,810	4,545	4,270
Uruguayan	870	400	470	315	180	135
Venezuelan	4,020	1,830	2,195	4,690	2,295	2,390
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	3,410	1,730	1,680	3,430	1,735	1,695
African origins	224,260	115,410	108,850	136,510	70,620	65,885
Central and West African origins	45,140	23,345	21,795	33,170	17,430	15,735
Akan	395	210	185	130	80	50
Angolan	470	225	245	295	155	140
Ashanti	65	55	0	130	70	55
Beninese	1,885	950	935	200	90	105
Burkinabe	1,245	670	580	100	50	50
Cameroonian	8,790	4,475	4,310	2,040	1,010	1,035
Chadian	655	340	310	75	55	20
Congolese	9,960	4,845	5,115	4,095	2,100	1,990
Edo	95	50	40	555	320	235
Ewe	215	135	85	125	70	55
Gabonese	450	195	255	25	10	20
Gambian	80	45	35	110	60	50
Ghanaian	2,240	1,130	1,115	4,470	2,365	2,100
Guinean	3,080	1,630	1,450	455	235	215
Ibo	135	60	75	1,760	935	825
Ivorian	4,360	2,195	2,170	655	355	295
Liberian	60	25	35	1,040	495	540
Malian	1,815	920	900	70	45	25
Malinké	400	210	190	95	55	45
Nigerian	1,815	975	835	13,010	6,815	6,200
Peulh	1,310	660	650	105	70	35
Senegalese	4,070	2,220	1,845	575	370	205
Sierra Leonean	80	40	40	740	395	345
Togolese	1,865	980	880	150	70	80
Wolof	355	210	145	70	45	25
Yoruba	285	140	140	2,990	1,600	1,385
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	3,410	1,845	1,565	1,865	985	875
North African origins	142,110	74,140	67,970	23,235	12,305	10,935
Algerian	40,120	20,825	19,295	1,620	805	815
Berber	21,550	11,345	10,205	685	415	270
Coptic	375	210	165	225	115	110
Dinka	0	0	0	565	320	250
Egyptian	17,790	9,220	8,570	8,525	4,515	4,010
Libyan	770	410	360	1,300	665	635
Maure	355	205	150	95	70	25
Moroccan	53,670	27,715	25,955	2,510	1,380	1,130
Sudanese	215	110	105	7,070	3,695	3,375
Tunisian	12,870	6,975	5,890	940	480	455
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	2,135	1,205	930	575	315	260
Southern and East African origins	13,315	6,550	6,765	56,560	29,285	27,275
Afrikaner	75	65	10	315	155	160
Amhara	25	10	10	450	240	215
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	900	495	405	700	395	310
Burundian	2,015	970	1,045	975	555	420
Djiboutian	220	100	125	170	90	75
Eritrean	335	175	155	7,960	4,250	3,715
Ethiopian	1,130	565	565	13,225	6,710	6,510
Harari	15	10	10	165	85	80
Kenyan	300	135	160	2,175	1,035	1,140
Malagasy	1,490	750	745	125	55	70
Mauritian	1,735	825	910	550	310	235
Oromo	10	10	0	1,355	765	595
Rwandan	1,995	935	1,055	1,420	745	675
Seychellois	480	220	255	35	25	10
Somali	1,230	590	635	14,100	7,315	6,790
South African	540	280	265	6,635	3,310	3,320
Tanzanian	140	80	55	1,030	525	505
Tigrian	60	25	40	700	380	320
Ugandan	115	50	65	1,155	645	510
Zambian	30	15	15	265	155	110
Zimbabwean	225	120	105	2,590	1,300	1,285
Zulu	50	20	20	295	135	160
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	875	425	455	3,875	2,010	1,870
Other African origins	25,930	12,605	13,325	26,150	12,995	13,155
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	2,125	990	1,135	2,525	1,220	1,305
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	24,195	11,815	12,380	23,960	11,950	12,010
Asian origins	353,565	173,390	180,180	756,335	370,390	385,945
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	137,895	70,990	66,905	97,355	51,035	46,315
Afghan	2,395	1,205	1,185	8,540	4,545	3,995
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	27,100	14,270	12,830	10,470	5,690	4,780
Armenian	13,180	6,420	6,765	1,780	865	910
Assyrian	185	110	75	560	300	255
Azerbaijani	435	225	215	615	280	335
Georgian	520	245	280	400	230	165
Hazara	10	10	10	365	190	170
Iranian	19,670	9,825	9,845	13,925	7,220	6,705
Iraqi	3,380	1,685	1,690	6,165	3,250	2,915
Israeli	5,195	2,745	2,450	1,565	830	740
Jordanian	1,075	565	515	1,325	670	655
Kazakh	445	220	225	565	260	310
Kurd	1,395	755	640	2,040	1,160	880
Kuwaiti	55	25	25	185	110	80
Kyrgyz	210	115	95	200	110	90
Lebanese	40,100	21,075	19,025	32,365	16,835	15,525
Palestinian	4,555	2,330	2,225	4,880	2,675	2,210
Pashtun	340	185	155	645	305	345
Saudi Arabian	550	330	220	390	205	180
Syrian	15,765	8,050	7,715	7,215	3,605	3,610
Tajik	110	40	70	265	160	105
Tatar	650	315	340	530	215	315
Turk	9,590	4,620	4,970	5,745	3,155	2,595
Turkmen	25	15	10	105	55	50
Uighur	295	130	155	270	125	140
Uzbek	340	165	180	485	225	260
Yemeni	610	320	285	930	440	485
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	1,765	980	785	2,445	1,305	1,140
South Asian origins	68,825	35,490	33,335	231,550	118,855	112,695
Bangladeshi	6,115	3,155	2,955	4,155	2,085	2,070
Bengali	3,575	1,730	1,840	1,660	870	790
Bhutanese	0	0	0	815	410	400
East Indian	35,830	18,630	17,190	174,510	89,140	85,370
Goan	160	75	90	495	265	225
Gujarati	340	165	175	855	445	410
Kashmiri	230	140	85	720	355	365
Nepali	180	95	80	4,600	2,490	2,110
Pakistani	9,510	4,880	4,630	29,265	15,075	14,190
Punjabi	2,125	1,235	890	15,645	8,230	7,420
Sinhalese	205	85	125	750	400	355
Sri Lankan	11,255	5,590	5,665	5,585	2,885	2,695
Tamil	2,505	1,320	1,185	1,050	565	485
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	1,585	875	705	4,845	2,500	2,335
East and Southeast Asian origins	148,715	67,730	80,985	431,135	202,400	228,735
Burmese	175	100	75	1,270	650	615
Cambodian (Khmer)	7,745	3,775	3,975	4,260	2,245	2,015
Chinese	76,085	35,390	40,690	188,280	90,735	97,545
Filipino	30,545	12,430	18,115	175,130	79,150	95,975
Hmong	35	10	20	0	0	0
Indonesian	790	340	450	3,005	1,425	1,575
Japanese	4,025	1,580	2,445	16,595	7,510	9,085
Karen	0	0	0	740	390	345
Korean	6,035	2,860	3,180	22,410	10,655	11,755
Laotian	2,805	1,445	1,365	2,050	1,020	1,030
Malaysian	425	190	235	2,970	1,340	1,630
Mongolian	510	230	280	1,565	725	835
Singaporean	90	50	45	370	180	190
Taiwanese	1,365	570	795	1,995	855	1,140
Thai	1,105	450	655	2,735	980	1,750
Tibetan	40	20	15	965	500	465
Vietnamese	28,155	13,530	14,625	36,780	17,720	19,060
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	225	105	120	735	385	345
Other Asian origins	1,275	675	600	3,115	1,580	1,530
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	1,275	675	595	3,115	1,585	1,530
Oceania origins	1,870	1,005	865	15,500	7,825	7,680
Australian	1,240	705	540	7,785	3,975	3,810
New Zealander	265	130	135	2,905	1,535	1,370
Pacific Islands origins	425	205	220	5,150	2,510	2,635
Fijian	35	15	20	3,325	1,580	1,745
Hawaiian	25	10	20	425	190	235
Maori	50	40	20	640	325	320
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	130	60	70	205	105	95
Samoan	10	10	0	280	180	100
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	200	100	105	375	195	180
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	870,375	...	...	1,527,680	...	...
Owner	348,230	...	...	1,105,795	...	...
Renter	522,140	...	...	412,150	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	9,730	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	870,375	...	...	1,527,675	...	...
Condominium	161,045	...	...	256,015	...	...
Not condominium	709,330	...	...	1,271,660	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	870,375	...	...	1,527,680	...	...
No bedrooms	14,110	...	...	5,440	...	...
1 bedroom	254,690	...	...	139,820	...	...
2 bedrooms	292,930	...	...	322,370	...	...
3 bedrooms	216,835	...	...	540,505	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	91,805	...	...	519,545	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	870,375	...	...	1,527,680	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	467,490	...	...	358,650	...	...
5 rooms	163,460	...	...	238,870	...	...
6 rooms	79,935	...	...	224,335	...	...
7 rooms	58,855	...	...	201,560	...	...
8 or more rooms	100,625	...	...	504,270	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	4.8	...	...	6.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	870,375	...	...	1,527,675	...	...
One person or fewer per room	845,575	...	...	1,494,875	...	...
More than 1 person per room	24,795	...	...	32,805	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	870,375	...	...	1,527,675	...	...
Suitable	799,140	...	...	1,458,550	...	...
Not suitable	71,230	...	...	69,125	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	870,375	...	...	1,527,680	...	...
1960 or before	334,260	...	...	177,780	...	...
1961 to 1980	284,020	...	...	439,505	...	...
1981 to 1990	100,065	...	...	193,360	...	...
1991 to 2000	55,905	...	...	216,410	...	...
2001 to 2005	28,930	...	...	157,420	...	...
2006 to 2010	32,720	...	...	180,645	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	34,465	...	...	162,560	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	870,375	...	...	1,527,680	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	801,740	...	...	1,440,440	...	...
Major repairs needed	68,630	...	...	87,240	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	870,370	...	...	1,527,680	...	...
1 household maintainer	584,240	...	...	873,125	...	...
2 household maintainers	266,165	...	...	605,830	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	19,970	...	...	48,725	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	870,375	...	...	1,527,680	...	...
15 to 24 years	39,040	...	...	53,955	...	...
25 to 34 years	151,650	...	...	281,820	...	...
35 to 44 years	163,270	...	...	307,930	...	...
45 to 54 years	161,100	...	...	310,435	...	...
55 to 64 years	152,865	...	...	288,480	...	...
65 to 74 years	109,830	...	...	169,505	...	...
75 to 84 years	65,970	...	...	86,970	...	...
85 years and over	26,650	...	...	28,585	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	868,760	...	...	1,479,270	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	606,785	...	...	1,170,780	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	261,975	...	...	308,485	...	...
30% to less than 100%	219,820	...	...	268,795	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	348,225	...	...	1,075,465	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	59.3	...	...	65.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	20.2	...	...	15.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,218	...	...	1,481	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,366	...	...	1,531	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	399,785	...	...	400,104	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	462,244	...	...	449,790	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	522,140	...	...	410,225	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	8.7	...	...	10.4	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	36.8	...	...	36.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	778	...	...	1,243	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	851	...	...	1,279	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	1,590,980	770,730	820,255	3,206,050	1,602,810	1,603,235
No certificate, diploma or degree	268,125	127,735	140,390	540,665	284,020	256,640
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	324,455	159,965	164,490	895,885	440,665	455,220
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	998,410	483,035	515,370	1,769,500	878,130	891,375
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	158,510	88,680	69,830	309,465	242,160	67,305
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	115,485	59,085	56,400	94,735	56,255	38,480
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	43,030	29,595	13,435	214,730	185,905	28,825
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	260,250	119,475	140,775	615,480	250,590	364,895
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	63,120	26,705	36,415	94,620	36,875	57,750
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	516,530	248,170	268,360	749,930	348,510	401,425
Bachelor's degree	301,965	139,970	161,995	530,085	235,610	294,470
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	48,790	22,955	25,830	39,955	18,075	21,880
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	15,170	7,760	7,415	21,850	11,810	10,045
Master's degree	125,995	62,965	63,030	133,265	67,215	66,055
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	24,610	14,520	10,085	24,770	15,805	8,965
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	1,067,000	528,725	538,275	2,257,820	1,131,030	1,126,795
No certificate, diploma or degree	112,980	59,375	53,605	244,755	136,085	108,675
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	178,710	93,475	85,230	569,435	283,290	286,145
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	775,310	375,870	399,440	1,443,635	711,655	731,975
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	119,695	65,705	53,990	238,220	189,180	49,035
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	88,605	44,645	43,960	69,415	42,445	26,970
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	31,095	21,060	10,030	168,805	146,740	22,065
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	177,940	84,760	93,180	496,375	203,350	293,020
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	47,550	20,660	26,885	73,315	29,315	44,005
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	430,130	204,745	225,380	635,730	289,810	345,920
Bachelor's degree	248,180	115,200	132,985	448,235	197,045	251,195
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	40,235	18,395	21,840	32,095	14,155	17,940
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	11,910	5,425	6,485	18,855	9,505	9,350
Master's degree	109,920	54,580	55,340	116,975	57,230	59,740
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	19,885	11,150	8,725	19,570	11,875	7,695
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	1,590,985	770,730	820,255	3,206,045	1,602,810	1,603,235
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	592,575	287,695	304,880	1,436,545	724,680	711,865
Education	53,045	11,820	41,225	121,930	29,000	92,930
13. Education	53,045	11,820	41,225	121,930	29,000	92,930
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	65,705	31,355	34,350	49,660	20,960	28,705
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	8,345	6,205	2,140	9,130	6,305	2,820
50. Visual and performing arts	57,365	25,145	32,220	40,535	14,650	25,885
Humanities	77,355	30,055	47,300	69,305	27,480	41,830
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	15,000	3,490	11,510	6,790	1,620	5,170
23. English language and literature/letters	8,220	2,515	5,700	15,110	4,270	10,840
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	27,880	11,405	16,475	20,660	7,275	13,390
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	285	105	185	225	105	125
38. Philosophy and religious studies	4,830	2,990	1,840	4,890	2,750	2,140
39. Theology and religious vocations	2,430	1,705	725	11,435	6,560	4,865
54. History	7,040	3,975	3,060	8,600	4,560	4,045
55. French language and literature/letters	11,675	3,875	7,805	1,595	345	1,250
Social and behavioural sciences and law	141,250	52,575	88,675	159,735	51,705	108,030
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	2,010	530	1,480	2,345	470	1,875
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	20,935	7,630	13,305	17,180	6,320	10,865
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	17,860	1,995	15,865	28,750	2,185	26,570
22. Legal professions and studies	25,305	10,650	14,655	29,000	9,355	19,645
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	3,105	835	2,275	2,190	605	1,580
42. Psychology	18,865	4,905	13,955	27,275	6,765	20,515
45. Social sciences	53,170	26,025	27,145	52,985	26,000	26,985
Business, management and public administration	228,555	98,790	129,760	361,530	133,045	228,485
30.16 Accounting and computer science	245	95	145	670	155	520
44. Public administration and social service professions	10,680	2,520	8,165	21,565	4,015	17,555
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	217,625	96,175	121,455	339,295	128,885	210,410
Physical and life sciences and technologies	51,035	27,060	23,975	72,850	38,330	34,525
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	20,305	8,320	11,980	25,850	10,955	14,895
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	9,495	5,530	3,970	15,410	7,270	8,145
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	4,380	2,310	2,065	555	170	385
40. Physical sciences	15,330	10,085	5,240	26,130	17,875	8,255
41. Science technologies/technicians	1,525	805	720	4,900	2,055	2,845
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	52,280	36,525	15,760	60,830	37,710	23,120
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	41,680	31,280	10,405	48,975	32,855	16,125
25. Library science	3,625	755	2,870	4,295	515	3,780
27. Mathematics and statistics	6,135	3,855	2,275	7,050	4,020	3,035
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	840	630	205	515	330	185
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	161,710	137,995	23,710	463,185	415,665	47,520
04. Architecture and related services	11,440	6,565	4,875	11,325	7,140	4,190
14. Engineering	66,425	52,940	13,490	110,345	89,275	21,070
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	24,465	21,825	2,635	84,800	72,145	12,655
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	25	10	15	60	10	50
46. Construction trades	22,655	21,670	985	100,370	96,810	3,560
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	23,180	22,285	890	103,880	100,100	3,785
48. Precision production	13,525	12,700	820	52,400	50,195	2,205
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	9,600	5,025	4,570	44,270	27,245	17,025
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	6,105	3,180	2,920	28,440	17,860	10,580
03. Natural resources and conservation	3,500	1,845	1,650	15,830	9,390	6,445
Health and related fields	113,455	28,650	84,800	270,920	51,220	219,700
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	6,710	3,425	3,285	19,300	9,110	10,195
51. Health professions and related programs	101,665	22,475	79,185	245,265	38,460	206,810
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	5,085	2,755	2,335	6,350	3,650	2,695
Personal, protective and transportation services	44,270	23,130	21,140	95,140	45,720	49,415
12. Personal and culinary services	28,675	10,020	18,660	57,285	14,985	42,305
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	55	50	0	250	230	20
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	170	170	0	740	655	85
43. Security and protective services	7,455	5,825	1,630	16,985	11,590	5,400
49. Transportation and materials moving	7,905	7,060	845	19,880	18,270	1,610
Other	145	55	90	150	60	95
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	145	55	90	145	60	95
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	1,067,000	528,725	538,280	2,257,820	1,131,025	1,126,795
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	291,685	152,855	138,830	814,190	419,370	394,820
Education	37,035	8,115	28,920	91,020	19,920	71,105
13. Education	37,030	8,110	28,920	91,025	19,920	71,100
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	52,420	25,525	26,900	40,255	16,670	23,585
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	6,460	4,740	1,720	7,095	4,810	2,285
50. Visual and performing arts	45,955	20,785	25,175	33,155	11,860	21,300
Humanities	53,455	20,955	32,500	55,985	21,840	34,145
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	11,875	2,820	9,050	5,690	1,310	4,380
23. English language and literature/letters	6,265	1,920	4,340	12,345	3,425	8,920
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	16,240	7,070	9,170	17,320	6,020	11,300
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	190	70	120	200	95	100
38. Philosophy and religious studies	3,530	2,200	1,330	3,930	2,205	1,725
39. Theology and religious vocations	1,565	1,100	460	8,500	4,960	3,545
54. History	5,260	3,050	2,210	6,855	3,565	3,285
55. French language and literature/letters	8,535	2,715	5,820	1,140	245	895
Social and behavioural sciences and law	110,575	40,835	69,740	135,545	42,855	92,685
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	1,665	445	1,220	2,025	425	1,600
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	17,580	6,520	11,055	14,880	5,360	9,520
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	14,035	1,380	12,655	23,730	1,770	21,960
22. Legal professions and studies	20,640	8,225	12,415	25,095	7,395	17,705
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	2,215	615	1,600	1,790	530	1,255
42. Psychology	14,185	3,610	10,570	22,460	5,290	17,170
45. Social sciences	40,250	20,035	20,210	45,565	22,095	23,465
Business, management and public administration	184,055	79,015	105,045	301,995	110,825	191,170
30.16 Accounting and computer science	205	90	120	560	135	420
44. Public administration and social service professions	8,555	2,030	6,525	18,035	3,130	14,910
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	175,300	76,900	98,400	283,400	107,560	175,840
Physical and life sciences and technologies	34,915	17,965	16,955	58,120	29,655	28,465
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	16,520	6,645	9,875	20,925	8,620	12,310
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	4,635	2,710	1,925	12,175	5,740	6,435
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	1,090	615	475	460	155	305
40. Physical sciences	11,490	7,355	4,135	20,785	13,645	7,140
41. Science technologies/technicians	1,180	635	550	3,775	1,500	2,270
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	45,775	32,340	13,435	53,975	33,590	20,385
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	37,730	28,385	9,345	44,735	29,980	14,750
25. Library science	2,765	645	2,120	3,400	440	2,965
27. Mathematics and statistics	4,625	2,845	1,780	5,420	2,915	2,500
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	655	460	195	420	255	165
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	127,855	107,035	20,820	376,875	335,210	41,670
04. Architecture and related services	9,630	5,365	4,260	9,335	5,630	3,710
14. Engineering	56,565	44,315	12,255	95,005	75,840	19,170
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	18,385	16,350	2,040	69,300	58,610	10,690
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	25	10	20	55	10	50
46. Construction trades	16,340	15,500	845	80,455	77,430	3,020
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	17,245	16,530	715	81,470	78,290	3,180
48. Precision production	9,655	8,970	685	41,255	39,405	1,850
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	8,060	4,150	3,910	35,820	21,060	14,760
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	5,045	2,570	2,475	21,990	12,970	9,025
03. Natural resources and conservation	3,020	1,585	1,430	13,825	8,090	5,740
Health and related fields	86,710	21,765	64,945	217,640	42,225	175,410
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	5,535	2,815	2,715	15,955	7,530	8,425
51. Health professions and related programs	77,255	17,060	60,195	196,250	31,775	164,475
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	3,920	1,885	2,035	5,435	2,925	2,505
Personal, protective and transportation services	34,345	18,150	16,195	76,300	37,755	38,540
12. Personal and culinary services	21,990	7,735	14,255	44,755	12,085	32,670
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	35	25	10	190	170	20
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	120	120	0	460	410	50
43. Security and protective services	5,770	4,515	1,255	14,100	9,595	4,505
49. Transportation and materials moving	6,435	5,765	670	16,795	15,490	1,305
Other	120	35	90	115	55	60
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	125	35	90	110	55	60
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	1,590,985	770,730	820,255	3,206,045	1,602,810	1,603,235
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	592,575	287,690	304,880	1,436,545	724,685	711,865
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	998,410	483,035	515,370	1,769,505	878,130	891,370
Location of study inside Canada	766,825	365,725	401,100	1,424,855	709,950	714,905
Same as province or territory of residence	730,595	346,900	383,695	1,064,560	530,135	534,430
Different than province or territory of residence	36,225	18,820	17,410	360,290	179,815	180,475
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	231,585	117,315	114,270	344,645	168,180	176,465
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	16,020	9,365	6,655	45,690	25,545	20,145
Philippines	10,640	3,035	7,605	68,760	26,480	42,280
India	5,395	2,935	2,465	41,560	21,025	20,535
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	7,135	4,090	3,045	28,630	16,255	12,370
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	12,015	5,430	6,585	18,850	8,805	10,050
France	39,955	22,250	17,705	2,150	1,275	875
Other	140,420	70,205	70,215	139,010	68,800	70,210
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	1,067,000	528,720	538,280	2,257,820	1,131,030	1,126,795
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	291,685	152,855	138,835	814,190	419,375	394,820
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	775,310	375,870	399,440	1,443,630	711,655	731,980
Location of study inside Canada	584,410	280,785	303,620	1,150,780	572,180	578,595
Same as province or territory of residence	556,135	266,180	289,960	857,370	426,365	431,010
Different than province or territory of residence	28,270	14,605	13,660	293,410	145,820	147,590
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	190,905	95,085	95,825	292,850	139,470	153,380
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	11,570	6,575	4,990	34,655	18,640	16,015
Philippines	9,045	2,505	6,540	64,000	24,435	39,565
India	3,905	1,980	1,925	37,240	18,505	18,740
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	4,800	2,760	2,045	20,065	11,390	8,675
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	10,835	4,830	6,005	16,600	7,630	8,965
France	34,215	18,870	15,340	1,870	1,105	765
Other	116,535	57,560	58,975	118,425	57,770	60,655
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	1,590,980	770,730	820,255	3,206,050	1,602,810	1,603,235
In the labour force	1,019,360	529,940	489,425	2,302,945	1,238,280	1,064,655
Employed	927,720	480,600	447,115	2,096,105	1,114,360	981,745
Unemployed	91,645	49,335	42,310	206,835	123,925	82,910
Not in the labour force	571,625	240,795	330,835	903,105	364,525	538,580
Participation rate	64.1	68.8	59.7	71.8	77.3	66.4
Employment rate	58.3	62.4	54.5	65.4	69.5	61.2
Unemployment rate	9.0	9.3	8.6	9.0	10.0	7.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	1,590,985	770,730	820,255	3,206,050	1,602,810	1,603,235
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	553,110	233,515	319,595	806,150	318,845	487,310
Worked	1,037,875	537,220	500,660	2,399,895	1,283,965	1,115,930
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	466,195	258,815	207,380	1,193,860	698,530	495,330
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	571,675	278,400	293,270	1,206,035	585,430	620,595
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.7	42.1	41.2	42.5	43.1	41.7
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	1,019,360	529,935	489,420	2,302,940	1,238,285	1,064,660
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	37,225	18,855	18,375	40,005	18,650	21,360
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	982,135	511,085	471,050	2,262,935	1,219,635	1,043,300
Employee	861,390	435,915	425,475	1,984,225	1,042,630	941,595
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	120,740	75,170	45,575	278,710	177,010	101,705
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	1,019,360	529,935	489,425	2,302,940	1,238,280	1,064,660
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	37,230	18,855	18,375	40,010	18,645	21,360
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	982,135	511,080	471,050	2,262,935	1,219,635	1,043,300
0 Management occupations	102,460	62,870	39,590	261,505	167,260	94,245
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	174,400	64,685	109,715	353,965	95,685	258,280
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	86,460	67,345	19,110	175,025	136,240	38,795
3 Health occupations	66,460	17,440	49,020	150,415	28,130	122,290
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	128,005	41,290	86,720	228,325	74,105	154,220
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	56,345	28,500	27,845	50,170	19,960	30,210
6 Sales and service occupations	244,935	124,900	120,040	491,495	204,245	287,255
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	78,995	74,080	4,915	406,495	376,375	30,120
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	4,615	3,825	790	72,465	59,465	13,000
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	39,460	26,150	13,310	73,070	58,170	14,895
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	1,019,360	529,935	489,425	2,302,940	1,238,280	1,064,660
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	37,230	18,855	18,380	40,005	18,650	21,360
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	982,130	511,085	471,050	2,262,935	1,219,630	1,043,305
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	2,495	1,570	930	64,035	43,045	20,990
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	1,065	790	280	142,490	109,105	33,390
22 Utilities	4,680	2,860	1,825	21,940	15,345	6,595
23 Construction	31,500	27,345	4,155	236,370	201,640	34,730
31-33 Manufacturing	87,555	59,285	28,265	127,535	96,045	31,490
41 Wholesale trade	44,740	27,130	17,610	80,610	56,840	23,775
44-45 Retail trade	107,155	52,620	54,535	249,880	115,065	134,810
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	44,395	33,130	11,265	115,295	83,675	31,620
51 Information and cultural industries	43,110	25,720	17,390	33,045	18,625	14,420
52 Finance and insurance	49,540	24,125	25,415	69,225	25,230	43,995
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	20,385	12,020	8,365	41,520	23,075	18,450
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	107,075	62,855	44,220	167,800	94,565	73,240
55 Management of companies and enterprises	1,525	630	900	5,560	2,760	2,795
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	52,300	31,480	20,815	87,350	49,595	37,760
61 Educational services	85,270	31,335	53,935	147,270	44,160	103,110
62 Health care and social assistance	118,530	28,480	90,055	245,875	41,235	204,645
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	26,285	13,675	12,605	44,880	21,550	23,335
72 Accommodation and food services	72,915	38,965	33,950	153,790	62,220	91,570
81 Other services (except public administration)	44,295	18,450	25,840	105,865	50,455	55,405
91 Public administration	37,320	18,620	18,700	122,595	65,420	57,175
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	927,715	480,605	447,115	2,096,110	1,114,360	981,745
Worked at home	65,840	34,655	31,185	162,465	77,935	84,530
Worked outside Canada	4,345	3,000	1,345	6,270	4,715	1,555
No fixed workplace address	74,690	51,335	23,355	307,065	236,995	70,070
Worked at usual place	782,840	391,615	391,225	1,620,310	794,720	825,595
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	782,845	391,615	391,230	1,620,310	794,720	825,595
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	575,810	278,865	296,940	1,186,170	554,850	631,330
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	134,040	69,050	64,995	358,010	190,730	167,280
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	69,715	41,695	28,020	64,360	41,925	22,435
Commute to a different province or territory	3,275	2,005	1,265	11,770	7,210	4,560
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	857,530	442,945	414,580	1,927,375	1,031,710	895,665
Car, truck, van - as a driver	427,530	250,230	177,305	1,497,440	832,890	664,545
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	26,400	8,575	17,820	99,635	40,215	59,420
Public transit	295,860	128,960	166,895	194,560	88,325	106,235
Walked	69,410	31,975	37,440	85,805	38,030	47,775
Bicycle	30,645	18,895	11,745	21,925	14,685	7,240
Other method	7,695	4,310	3,380	28,015	17,560	10,455
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	857,530	442,945	414,580	1,927,375	1,031,710	895,665
Less than 15 minutes	130,495	64,645	65,850	519,085	237,105	281,980
15 to 29 minutes	287,415	153,305	134,115	706,940	377,165	329,780
30 to 44 minutes	244,380	130,560	113,820	422,070	243,905	178,165
45 to 59 minutes	107,170	52,160	55,010	148,620	86,485	62,135
60 minutes and over	88,065	42,275	45,790	130,665	87,060	43,605
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	857,530	442,945	414,585	1,927,375	1,031,710	895,665
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	43,455	30,780	12,675	145,660	107,460	38,200
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	120,205	69,870	50,335	395,425	254,225	141,200
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	237,660	111,655	126,000	567,530	297,825	269,705
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	209,795	98,520	111,275	347,270	147,425	199,845
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	119,630	58,555	61,070	188,660	77,175	111,490
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	126,790	73,560	53,225	282,820	147,600	135,225
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	1,074,970	555,425	519,540	2,467,410	1,314,320	1,153,090
Single responses	914,950	471,330	443,615	2,446,600	1,304,240	1,142,360
Official languages	901,375	464,545	436,830	2,425,545	1,292,940	1,132,610
English	292,300	156,175	136,130	2,418,990	1,290,870	1,128,120
French	609,070	308,365	300,705	6,560	2,070	4,490
Non-official languages	13,575	6,790	6,790	21,055	11,305	9,750
Aboriginal languages	50	15	40	1,000	550	450
Algonquian languages	25	10	15	670	355	315
Blackfoot	0	0	0	75	50	30
Cree-Montagnais languages	25	10	10	565	295	270
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	15	10	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	10	10	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	30	10	20
Cree, n.o.s.	10	0	0	535	280	255
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	20	15	10
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	25	15	10
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	75	45	30
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	75	40	35
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	60	35	25
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	10	10	10
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	25	0	20	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	25	0	20	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	255	155	105
Dakota	0	0	0	15	10	10
Stoney	0	0	0	240	140	95
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	13,530	6,780	6,755	20,050	10,755	9,300
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,140	690	450	940	575	360
Berber languages	20	0	15	0	0	0
Kabyle	20	0	20	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	100	45	55
Bilen	0	0	0	10	0	10
Oromo	0	0	0	25	15	15
Somali	0	0	0	60	25	35
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,120	690	430	840	530	305
Amharic	0	0	0	85	50	35
Arabic	1,000	625	375	610	415	195
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	120	65	60	50	15	35
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	40	15	25
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	50	25	25
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,305	650	660	1,305	515	790
Khmer (Cambodian)	175	75	105	15	10	0
Vietnamese	1,130	575	560	1,290	505	780
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	125	60	60	850	420	430
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	15	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ilocano	10	0	0	30	10	20
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	10	10	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	105	45	60	785	405	380
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	10	0	10
Creole languages	185	60	125	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	10	10	10	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	180	60	120	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	120	65	60	55	25	35
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	15	10	0
Tamil	120	70	55	35	15	15
Telugu	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5,980	2,910	3,065	8,280	4,855	3,425
Albanian	15	15	0	30	20	10
Armenian	110	60	45	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	885	400	485	690	335	355
Baltic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Latvian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	870	390	480	695	335	360
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	15	15	0
Bulgarian	25	10	20	10	0	10
Croatian	0	0	0	15	10	15
Czech	10	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Polish	145	60	85	220	135	85
Russian	565	270	290	275	120	160
Serbian	10	10	0	25	0	20
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	25	0	20
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	105	35	70	100	40	55
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	755	300	455	2,535	1,700	840
Afrikaans	0	0	0	30	10	20
Danish	10	0	10	10	0	10
Dutch	15	0	15	145	80	65
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	175	65	110	2,160	1,455	700
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Swedish	10	0	0	15	10	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Yiddish	545	230	320	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	165	135	30
Greek	310	160	150	20	15	0
Indo-Iranian languages	925	545	380	3,215	1,870	1,350
Indo-Aryan languages	435	275	165	3,010	1,735	1,275
Bengali	85	65	20	25	10	15
Gujarati	15	10	10	75	15	60
Hindi	30	20	10	210	110	100
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	40	20	15
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	255	150	100	2,480	1,510	970
Sindhi	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Urdu	60	35	25	155	50	100
Iranian languages	485	270	215	200	130	70
Kurdish	10	0	10	15	10	0
Pashto	10	0	0	15	15	0
Persian (Farsi)	475	270	200	175	105	70
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,985	1,440	1,550	1,780	920	860
Catalan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Italian	455	255	200	30	10	15
Portuguese	375	220	160	140	70	70
Romanian	230	105	120	50	30	20
Spanish	1,915	860	1,050	1,560	800	760
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	180	70	110	195	75	125
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Korean	275	140	135	785	350	435
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	35	10	30
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	30	10	25
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	65	25	35	230	120	115
American Sign Language	0	0	0	125	40	85
Quebec Sign Language	30	0	30	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	35	25	10	105	80	30
Sino-Tibetan languages	4,000	2,045	1,950	7,080	3,665	3,420
Chinese languages	4,000	2,050	1,950	7,035	3,635	3,400
Cantonese	1,615	785	835	4,545	2,340	2,205
Hakka	0	0	0	15	0	10
Mandarin	2,155	1,160	1,000	2,170	1,125	1,045
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	50	25	25	30	10	15
Wu (Shanghainese)	15	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	160	75	85	275	155	125
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	45	30	20
Burmese	0	0	0	10	10	10
Karenic languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	25	15	15	125	60	65
Lao	10	10	0	0	0	0
Thai	15	0	10	130	60	65
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	75	35	40	80	35	45
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	80	35	40	65	30	30
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	10	0	10
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Uralic languages	30	0	25	70	45	25
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hungarian	30	0	30	65	40	25
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	10	10	0
Multiple responses	160,020	84,100	75,925	20,810	10,080	10,735
English and French	144,525	76,125	68,400	4,525	2,050	2,475
English and non-official language	4,385	2,475	1,905	15,935	7,860	8,075
French and non-official language	3,725	1,770	1,960	55	25	30
English, French and non-official language	7,385	3,720	3,660	295	140	155
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	1,074,970	555,425	519,540	2,467,410	1,314,320	1,153,095
None	585,490	298,310	287,175	2,370,575	1,264,955	1,105,620
English	289,290	152,320	136,975	13,805	6,540	7,270
French	159,505	83,705	75,800	23,920	11,380	12,545
Non-official language	27,455	14,470	12,985	57,640	30,700	26,935
Aboriginal	120	55	70	5,045	2,370	2,680
Non-Aboriginal	27,335	14,410	12,920	52,590	28,335	24,260
English and French	1,145	535	610	30	15	15
English and non-official language	7,690	3,670	4,020	215	105	110
French and non-official language	4,370	2,405	1,965	1,220	625	595
English, French and non-official language	30	20	10	0	10	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	1,872,860	914,480	958,380	3,925,440	1,971,515	1,953,920
Non-movers	1,596,465	775,885	820,580	3,318,340	1,667,060	1,651,280
Movers	276,395	138,595	137,800	607,095	304,450	302,640
Non-migrants	192,940	96,765	96,170	394,230	199,640	194,590
Migrants	83,455	41,825	41,630	212,865	104,815	108,050
Internal migrants	43,805	21,870	21,935	166,390	82,335	84,055
Intraprovincial migrants	35,005	17,190	17,815	120,105	59,845	60,260
Interprovincial migrants	8,800	4,680	4,120	46,280	22,490	23,795
External migrants	39,650	19,960	19,695	46,475	22,480	23,995
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	1,785,390	869,675	915,715	3,714,635	1,863,450	1,851,190
Non-movers	1,013,590	485,800	527,790	2,052,580	1,028,510	1,024,070
Movers	771,800	383,875	387,925	1,662,055	834,935	827,120
Non-migrants	487,230	242,160	245,075	899,165	454,700	444,465
Migrants	284,570	141,715	142,850	762,890	380,235	382,655
Internal migrants	126,750	62,015	64,740	559,860	280,255	279,610
Intraprovincial migrants	105,505	51,380	54,120	333,775	165,900	167,875
Interprovincial migrants	21,250	10,630	10,615	226,090	114,355	111,730
External migrants	157,815	79,705	78,115	203,025	99,980	103,045