Lakeshore, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario Greater Vancouver, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia Topic Characteristics Note Total Flag_Total Male Flag_Male Female Flag_Female Total Flag_Total Male Flag_Male Female Flag_Female Counts (unless otherwise specified) Population and dwellings Population; 2016 1 36611 ... ... 2463431 ... ... Population and dwellings Population; 2011 1 34546 ... ... 2313328 ... ... Population and dwellings Population percentage change; 2011 to 2016 6.0 ... ... 6.5 ... ... Population and dwellings Total private dwellings 2 13900 ... ... 1027613 ... ... Population and dwellings Private dwellings occupied by usual residents 3 13185 ... ... 960894 ... ... Population and dwellings Population density per square kilometre 69.0 ... ... 854.6 ... ... Population and dwellings Land area in square kilometres 530.33 ... ... 2882.68 ... ... Age characteristics Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data 4 36615 18405 18205 2463430 1202175 1261255 Age characteristics 0 to 14 years 6985 3620 3365 362110 186780 175330 Age characteristics 0 to 4 years 1880 955 920 116270 60045 56220 Age characteristics 5 to 9 years 2435 1265 1170 122730 63390 59345 Age characteristics 10 to 14 years 2665 1405 1270 123110 63340 59765 Age characteristics 15 to 64 years 24220 12125 12095 1714005 838860 875145 Age characteristics 15 to 19 years 2575 1330 1245 142280 73180 69100 Age characteristics 20 to 24 years 2075 1105 965 167270 85385 81890 Age characteristics 25 to 29 years 1545 785 760 179940 89305 90635 Age characteristics 30 to 34 years 1795 830 965 182630 89925 92705 Age characteristics 35 to 39 years 2290 1115 1170 167950 81090 86860 Age characteristics 40 to 44 years 2755 1335 1420 168370 79445 88930 Age characteristics 45 to 49 years 2825 1395 1425 184285 87850 96440 Age characteristics 50 to 54 years 3120 1580 1540 191375 93230 98140 Age characteristics 55 to 59 years 2825 1445 1380 177095 85595 91505 Age characteristics 60 to 64 years 2415 1200 1215 152805 73865 78940 Age characteristics 65 years and over 5410 2655 2755 387315 176530 210780 Age characteristics 65 to 69 years 2090 1065 1020 131035 62615 68420 Age characteristics 70 to 74 years 1410 715 695 89675 42495 47180 Age characteristics 75 to 79 years 865 435 430 66510 30605 35905 Age characteristics 80 to 84 years 565 255 310 48820 21960 26860 Age characteristics 85 years and over 475 175 300 51280 18860 32420 Age characteristics 85 to 89 years 310 140 165 31475 12740 18735 Age characteristics 90 to 94 years 135 25 105 14875 4905 9965 Age characteristics 95 to 99 years 35 10 20 4195 1055 3140 Age characteristics 100 years and over 10 0 5 740 155 580 Age characteristics Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Age characteristics 0 to 14 years 19.1 19.7 18.5 14.7 15.5 13.9 Age characteristics 15 to 64 years 66.1 65.9 66.4 69.6 69.8 69.4 Age characteristics 65 years and over 14.8 14.4 15.1 15.7 14.7 16.7 Age characteristics 85 years and over 1.3 1.0 1.6 2.1 1.6 2.6 Age characteristics Average age of the population 39.9 39.5 40.4 41.0 40.1 41.9 Age characteristics Median age of the population 41.9 41.5 42.3 40.9 39.7 42.0 Household and dwelling characteristics Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data 5 13185 ... ... 960895 ... ... Household and dwelling characteristics Single-detached house 12130 ... ... 282355 ... ... Household and dwelling characteristics Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys 0 ... ... 160060 ... ... Household and dwelling characteristics Other attached dwelling 6 800 ... ... 513900 ... ... Household and dwelling characteristics Semi-detached house 200 ... ... 20530 ... ... Household and dwelling characteristics Row house 310 ... ... 93415 ... ... Household and dwelling characteristics Apartment or flat in a duplex 60 ... ... 156445 ... ... Household and dwelling characteristics Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys 220 ... ... 242205 ... ... Household and dwelling characteristics Other single-attached house 10 ... ... 1305 ... ... Household and dwelling characteristics Movable dwelling 7 255 ... ... 4580 ... ... Household and dwelling characteristics Total - Private households by household size - 100% data 8 13185 ... ... 960895 ... ... Household and dwelling characteristics 1 person 2310 ... ... 275455 ... ... Household and dwelling characteristics 2 persons 4680 ... ... 300170 ... ... Household and dwelling characteristics 3 persons 2160 ... ... 153090 ... ... Household and dwelling characteristics 4 persons 2590 ... ... 139175 ... ... Household and dwelling characteristics 5 or more persons 1450 ... ... 93005 ... ... Household and dwelling characteristics Number of persons in private households 36365 ... ... 2426235 ... ... Household and dwelling characteristics Average household size 2.8 ... ... 2.5 ... ... Marital status Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data 9 29625 14780 14845 2101315 1015395 1085925 Marital status Married or living common law 19660 9810 9845 1193125 594180 598940 Marital status Married 17505 8740 8765 1033885 513725 520160 Marital status Living common law 2155 1075 1080 159240 80455 78780 Marital status Not married and not living common law 9965 4970 5000 908195 421215 486980 Marital status Never married 6730 3745 2985 629040 334130 294905 Marital status Separated 660 305 355 50130 20265 29860 Marital status Divorced 1270 620 650 128045 47280 80765 Marital status Widowed 1305 300 1005 100985 19540 81445 Family characteristics Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data 10 10935 ... ... 679365 ... ... Family characteristics 2 persons 4965 ... ... 327260 ... ... Family characteristics 3 persons 2170 ... ... 158785 ... ... Family characteristics 4 persons 2600 ... ... 145805 ... ... Family characteristics 5 or more persons 1200 ... ... 47510 ... ... Family characteristics Average size of census families 3.0 ... ... 2.9 ... ... Family characteristics Total number of census families in private households - 100% data 11 10935 ... ... 679365 ... ... Family characteristics Total couple families 9735 ... ... 574670 ... ... Family characteristics Married couples 8660 ... ... 495065 ... ... Family characteristics Common-law couples 1075 ... ... 79610 ... ... Family characteristics Total lone-parent families by sex of parent 1200 ... ... 104695 ... ... Family characteristics Female parent 885 ... ... 84740 ... ... Family characteristics Male parent 315 ... ... 19955 ... ... Family characteristics Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data 9735 ... ... 574670 ... ... Family characteristics Couples without children 4315 ... ... 260290 ... ... Family characteristics Couples with children 5425 ... ... 314380 ... ... Family characteristics 1 child 1765 ... ... 129480 ... ... Family characteristics 2 children 2485 ... ... 139080 ... ... Family characteristics 3 or more children 1170 ... ... 45815 ... ... Family characteristics Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data 1200 ... ... 104695 ... ... Family characteristics 1 child 650 ... ... 66975 ... ... Family characteristics 2 children 395 ... ... 29305 ... ... Family characteristics 3 or more children 150 ... ... 8420 ... ... Family characteristics Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data 3135 1590 1550 462125 214705 247420 Household type Total - Private households by household type - 100% data 12 13185 ... ... 960895 ... ... Household type One-census-family households 10470 ... ... 600775 ... ... Household type Without children in a census family 13 4110 ... ... 226490 ... ... Household type With children in a census family 14 6360 ... ... 374290 ... ... Household type Multiple-census-family households 230 ... ... 37595 ... ... Household type Non-census-family households 2490 ... ... 322525 ... ... Household type One-person households 2310 ... ... 275455 ... ... Household type Two-or-more person non-census-family households 185 ... ... 47065 ... ... Knowledge of official languages Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data 15 36375 18330 18045 2440145 1191670 1248470 Knowledge of official languages English only 29830 15290 14540 2130565 1058310 1072260 Knowledge of official languages French only 35 15 15 1110 530 580 Knowledge of official languages English and French 6355 2965 3390 172140 76650 95500 Knowledge of official languages Neither English nor French 155 55 100 136320 56185 80135 First official language spoken Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data 16 36380 18330 18050 2440145 1191670 1248470 First official language spoken English 33950 17150 16800 2265310 1116840 1148470 First official language spoken French 2165 1070 1095 25710 12825 12875 First official language spoken English and French 110 60 55 14470 6635 7835 First official language spoken Neither English nor French 150 55 95 134655 55370 79285 First official language spoken Official language minority (number) 17 2220 1100 1120 32940 16145 16795 First official language spoken Official language minority (percentage) 17 6.1 6.0 6.2 1.3 1.4 1.3 Mother tongue Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data 18 36375 18325 18045 2440145 1191675 1248470 Mother tongue Single responses 35750 18030 17720 2361890 1153910 1207980 Mother tongue Official languages 32030 16190 15840 1341640 678670 662970 Mother tongue English 29715 15045 14670 1316640 666170 650470 Mother tongue French 2315 1145 1165 25005 12505 12500 Mother tongue Non-official languages 3720 1835 1880 1020250 475240 545015 Mother tongue Aboriginal languages 0 0 0 860 390 470 Mother tongue Algonquian languages 0 0 0 315 135 180 Mother tongue Blackfoot 0 0 0 25 0 20 Mother tongue Cree-Montagnais languages 0 0 0 220 105 115 Mother tongue Atikamekw 0 0 0 0 0 0 Mother tongue Montagnais (Innu) 0 0 0 0 0 0 Mother tongue Moose Cree 0 0 0 5 5 0 Mother tongue Naskapi 0 0 0 0 0 0 Mother tongue Northern East Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0 Mother tongue Plains Cree 0 0 0 40 15 25 Mother tongue Southern East Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0 Mother tongue Swampy Cree 0 0 0 15 10 5 Mother tongue Woods Cree 0 0 0 20 15 10 Mother tongue Cree; n.o.s. 0 0 0 145 70 80 Mother tongue Eastern Algonquian languages 0 0 0 0 0 0 Mother tongue Malecite 0 0 0 0 0 0 Mother tongue Mi'kmaq 0 0 0 0 0 5 Mother tongue Ojibway-Potawatomi languages 0 0 0 70 25 40 Mother tongue Algonquin 0 0 0 0 0 0 Mother tongue Ojibway 0 0 0 65 25 35 Mother tongue Oji-Cree 0 0 0 5 0 5 Mother tongue Ottawa (Odawa) 0 0 0 0 0 0 Mother tongue Algonquian languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0 Mother tongue Athabaskan languages 0 0 0 105 50 55 Mother tongue Northern Athabaskan languages 0 0 0 105 45 55 Mother tongue Babine (Wetsuwet'en) 0 0 0 5 0 5 Mother tongue Beaver 0 0 0 0 0 0 Mother tongue Carrier 0 0 0 40 15 20 Mother tongue Chilcotin 0 0 0 25 15 10 Mother tongue Dene 0 0 0 20 5 10 Mother tongue Dogrib (Tlicho) 0 0 0 0 0 0 Mother tongue Gwich'in 0 0 0 10 5 5 Mother tongue Sarsi (Sarcee) 0 0 0 0 0 5 Mother tongue Sekani 0 0 0 0 5 0 Mother tongue Slavey-Hare languages 0 0 0 0 0 5 Mother tongue North Slavey (Hare) 0 0 0 5 0 0 Mother tongue South Slavey 0 0 0 5 0 0 Mother tongue Slavey; n.o.s. 0 0 0 5 0 0 Mother tongue Tahltan languages 0 0 0 5 0 0 Mother tongue Kaska (Nahani) 0 0 0 0 0 0 Mother tongue Tahltan 0 0 0 0 0 0 Mother tongue Tutchone languages 0 0 0 0 0 0 Mother tongue Northern Tutchone 0 0 0 0 0 0 Mother tongue Southern Tutchone 0 0 0 0 0 0 Mother tongue Athabaskan languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 5 0 5 Mother tongue Haida 0 0 0 10 10 5 Mother tongue Inuit languages 0 0 0 20 5 15 Mother tongue Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun) 0 0 0 5 0 0 Mother tongue Inuktitut 0 0 0 15 5 10 Mother tongue Inuit languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0 Mother tongue Iroquoian languages 0 0 0 5 0 0 Mother tongue Cayuga 0 0 0 0 0 0 Mother tongue Mohawk 0 0 0 5 0 0 Mother tongue Oneida 0 0 0 0 0 0 Mother tongue Iroquoian languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0 Mother tongue Kutenai 0 0 0 5 5 0 Mother tongue Michif 0 0 0 10 0 5 Mother tongue Salish languages 0 0 0 140 65 70 Mother tongue Comox 0 0 0 0 0 0 Mother tongue Halkomelem 0 0 0 35 25 15 Mother tongue Lillooet 0 0 0 10 5 5 Mother tongue Okanagan 0 0 0 0 0 0 Mother tongue Shuswap (Secwepemctsin) 0 0 0 10 5 0 Mother tongue Squamish 0 0 0 20 5 10 Mother tongue Straits 0 0 0 0 0 0 Mother tongue Thompson (Ntlakapamux) 0 0 0 20 10 10 Mother tongue Salish languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 40 20 25 Mother tongue Siouan languages 0 0 0 25 10 10 Mother tongue Dakota 0 0 0 20 5 15 Mother tongue Stoney 0 0 0 0 0 0 Mother tongue Siouan languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 5 5 0 Mother tongue Tlingit 0 0 0 5 0 5 Mother tongue Tsimshian languages 0 0 0 95 45 55 Mother tongue Gitxsan (Gitksan) 0 0 0 45 20 25 Mother tongue Nisga'a 0 0 0 25 15 15 Mother tongue Tsimshian 0 0 0 25 10 15 Mother tongue Wakashan languages 0 0 0 55 25 35 Mother tongue Haisla 0 0 0 10 5 5 Mother tongue Heiltsuk 0 0 0 15 5 10 Mother tongue Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala) 0 0 0 20 10 10 Mother tongue Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka) 0 0 0 10 5 5 Mother tongue Wakashan languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0 Mother tongue Aboriginal languages; n.o.s. 0 0 0 75 35 35 Mother tongue Non-Aboriginal languages 3720 1840 1880 1019395 474850 544545 Mother tongue Afro-Asiatic languages 315 155 160 20725 11005 9715 Mother tongue Berber languages 0 0 0 95 55 35 Mother tongue Kabyle 0 0 0 35 20 10 Mother tongue Berber languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 60 40 25 Mother tongue Cushitic languages 0 0 0 1355 675 680 Mother tongue Bilen 0 0 0 5 0 0 Mother tongue Oromo 0 0 0 165 95 75 Mother tongue Somali 0 5 0 1170 570 595 Mother tongue Cushitic languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 10 5 5 Mother tongue Semitic languages 310 150 160 19225 10245 8980 Mother tongue Amharic 0 0 0 1140 560 585 Mother tongue Arabic 245 125 125 14320 7720 6600 Mother tongue Assyrian Neo-Aramaic 15 10 5 630 305 325 Mother tongue Chaldean Neo-Aramaic 45 15 25 440 240 195 Mother tongue Harari 0 0 0 25 10 15 Mother tongue Hebrew 0 0 0 1770 960 805 Mother tongue Maltese 10 10 5 80 40 40 Mother tongue Tigrigna 0 0 0 695 340 355 Mother tongue Semitic languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 135 70 60 Mother tongue Afro-Asiatic languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 45 25 15 Mother tongue Austro-Asiatic languages 85 35 50 24195 11070 13125 Mother tongue Khmer (Cambodian) 5 5 5 1210 555 655 Mother tongue Vietnamese 80 35 45 22950 10500 12450 Mother tongue Austro-Asiatic languages; n.i.e 0 0 0 35 15 20 Mother tongue Austronesian languages 65 25 40 82025 33570 48460 Mother tongue Bikol 0 0 0 310 140 170 Mother tongue Cebuano 5 0 5 3210 1285 1925 Mother tongue Fijian 0 0 0 395 190 200 Mother tongue Hiligaynon 0 0 0 1280 485 795 Mother tongue Ilocano 0 0 5 4605 1820 2790 Mother tongue Malagasy 0 0 0 15 0 10 Mother tongue Malay 0 0 0 3480 1545 1930 Mother tongue Pampangan (Kapampangan; Pampango) 0 0 0 635 290 345 Mother tongue Pangasinan 5 5 0 265 115 150 Mother tongue Tagalog (Pilipino; Filipino) 60 20 35 66825 27275 39555 Mother tongue Waray-Waray 0 0 0 180 70 110 Mother tongue Austronesian languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 830 360 470 Mother tongue Creole languages 0 0 0 610 310 300 Mother tongue Haitian Creole 0 0 0 25 15 5 Mother tongue Creole; n.o.s. 0 0 0 370 175 185 Mother tongue Creole languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 225 120 105 Mother tongue Dravidian languages 20 10 10 6210 3290 2925 Mother tongue Kannada 0 0 0 225 115 110 Mother tongue Malayalam 10 5 5 1750 905 845 Mother tongue Tamil 5 0 5 3275 1700 1580 Mother tongue Telugu 5 5 5 920 550 370 Mother tongue Dravidian languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 40 15 25 Mother tongue Hmong-Mien languages 5 0 0 130 70 60 Mother tongue Indo-European languages 2875 1435 1445 416565 203240 213325 Mother tongue Albanian 35 15 20 1090 560 530 Mother tongue Armenian 25 10 15 1060 525 540 Mother tongue Balto-Slavic languages 955 465 495 57625 26950 30675 Mother tongue Baltic languages 10 5 5 645 280 370 Mother tongue Latvian 0 0 0 320 145 175 Mother tongue Lithuanian 5 5 5 325 130 200 Mother tongue Slavic languages 945 460 485 56975 26675 30305 Mother tongue Belarusan 0 0 0 60 30 30 Mother tongue Bosnian 5 5 0 1155 580 575 Mother tongue Bulgarian 5 0 5 1725 805 915 Mother tongue Croatian 135 65 70 5465 2645 2820 Mother tongue Czech 15 10 15 3565 1705 1865 Mother tongue Macedonian 195 105 90 250 120 135 Mother tongue Polish 220 100 125 12040 5650 6390 Mother tongue Russian 35 15 20 18175 8270 9905 Mother tongue Serbian 225 115 110 6300 3220 3085 Mother tongue Serbo-Croatian 0 0 0 1145 545 600 Mother tongue Slovak 60 35 30 2390 1060 1335 Mother tongue Slovene (Slovenian) 5 5 0 545 250 290 Mother tongue Ukrainian 30 15 10 3990 1705 2285 Mother tongue Slavic languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 180 90 90 Mother tongue Celtic languages 0 0 0 315 170 145 Mother tongue Scottish Gaelic 0 0 0 125 65 60 Mother tongue Welsh 0 0 0 120 65 55 Mother tongue Celtic languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 65 40 25 Mother tongue Germanic languages 470 230 240 37830 18000 19825 Mother tongue Afrikaans 0 0 0 1435 730 705 Mother tongue Danish 5 5 0 2065 1020 1050 Mother tongue Dutch 50 30 25 7455 3595 3860 Mother tongue Frisian 0 0 0 80 30 50 Mother tongue German 405 190 210 24055 11340 12720 Mother tongue Icelandic 0 0 0 155 70 80 Mother tongue Norwegian 5 0 5 835 410 430 Mother tongue Swedish 0 0 0 1290 570 720 Mother tongue Vlaams (Flemish) 10 0 10 200 105 95 Mother tongue Yiddish 0 0 0 220 115 110 Mother tongue Germanic languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 25 20 15 Mother tongue Greek 50 30 20 4885 2515 2365 Mother tongue Indo-Iranian languages 445 225 225 242400 119930 122465 Mother tongue Indo-Aryan languages 410 205 200 198075 97680 100395 Mother tongue Bengali 5 0 0 2680 1395 1290 Mother tongue Gujarati 35 15 20 6280 2955 3325 Mother tongue Hindi 30 15 15 24220 11580 12640 Mother tongue Kashmiri 0 0 0 40 25 15 Mother tongue Konkani 0 0 0 225 110 110 Mother tongue Marathi 5 0 5 535 280 255 Mother tongue Nepali 0 0 0 920 485 430 Mother tongue Oriya (Odia) 0 0 0 65 35 30 Mother tongue Punjabi (Panjabi) 265 140 125 151205 74820 76385 Mother tongue Sindhi 0 0 0 1580 725 850 Mother tongue Sinhala (Sinhalese) 5 0 0 1455 730 725 Mother tongue Urdu 65 30 35 8875 4535 4340 Mother tongue Iranian languages 35 10 20 43985 22075 21910 Mother tongue Kurdish 0 0 0 1650 875 780 Mother tongue Pashto 0 0 0 1070 570 500 Mother tongue Persian (Farsi) 30 15 15 41265 20635 20630 Mother tongue Indo-Iranian languages; n.i.e. 5 5 5 340 180 160 Mother tongue Italic (Romance) languages 890 460 425 71375 34590 36785 Mother tongue Catalan 0 0 0 125 65 55 Mother tongue Italian 535 285 255 15450 7735 7710 Mother tongue Portuguese 80 40 30 11950 5655 6295 Mother tongue Romanian 170 85 85 7175 3480 3690 Mother tongue Spanish 105 50 55 36625 17615 19005 Mother tongue Italic (Romance) languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 60 40 25 Mother tongue Japanese 5 0 5 16900 5750 11150 Mother tongue Kartvelian languages 0 0 0 65 40 25 Mother tongue Georgian 0 0 0 65 40 25 Mother tongue Korean 20 10 10 45990 20680 25310 Mother tongue Mongolic languages 0 0 0 340 145 200 Mother tongue Mongolian 0 0 0 340 145 195 Mother tongue Niger-Congo languages 20 10 10 2645 1335 1315 Mother tongue Akan (Twi) 0 0 0 405 220 180 Mother tongue Bamanankan 0 0 0 10 10 5 Mother tongue Edo 0 0 0 80 45 30 Mother tongue Ewe 0 0 0 60 30 25 Mother tongue Fulah (Pular; Pulaar; Fulfulde) 0 0 0 20 10 5 Mother tongue Ga 0 0 0 35 15 15 Mother tongue Ganda 0 0 0 65 35 30 Mother tongue Igbo 0 0 0 160 90 65 Mother tongue Lingala 0 0 0 55 25 30 Mother tongue Rundi (Kirundi) 0 0 0 100 40 55 Mother tongue Kinyarwanda (Rwanda) 0 0 0 105 45 55 Mother tongue Shona 0 0 0 150 70 85 Mother tongue Swahili 5 0 0 585 285 295 Mother tongue Wolof 0 0 0 30 10 20 Mother tongue Yoruba 5 5 0 190 110 80 Mother tongue Niger-Congo languages; n.i.e. 5 0 0 610 280 325 Mother tongue Nilo-Saharan languages 0 0 0 265 135 135 Mother tongue Dinka 0 0 0 80 50 30 Mother tongue Nilo-Saharan languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 190 85 100 Mother tongue Sign languages 5 5 0 620 330 295 Mother tongue American Sign Language 5 0 0 265 125 135 Mother tongue Quebec Sign Language 0 0 0 0 0 0 Mother tongue Sign languages; n.i.e 5 5 0 360 200 155 Mother tongue Sino-Tibetan languages 145 80 70 387640 177135 210505 Mother tongue Chinese languages 145 80 70 385355 175990 209365 Mother tongue Cantonese 65 35 30 184365 85070 99300 Mother tongue Hakka 0 0 5 2180 950 1230 Mother tongue Mandarin 55 30 30 174920 79280 95635 Mother tongue Min Dong 0 0 0 220 105 115 Mother tongue Min Nan (Chaochow; Teochow; Fukien; Taiwanese) 5 5 0 10655 4755 5900 Mother tongue Wu (Shanghainese) 0 0 0 4330 1905 2425 Mother tongue Chinese; n.o.s. 25 10 15 8485 3840 4645 Mother tongue Chinese languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 195 80 110 Mother tongue Tibeto-Burman languages 0 0 0 2285 1150 1140 Mother tongue Burmese 0 0 0 1035 530 510 Mother tongue Karenic languages 0 0 0 770 370 400 Mother tongue Tibetan 0 0 0 260 135 125 Mother tongue Tibeto-Burman languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 220 115 105 Mother tongue Tai-Kadai languages 30 15 20 2750 980 1770 Mother tongue Lao 25 15 15 800 405 400 Mother tongue Thai 0 0 0 1930 570 1365 Mother tongue Tai-Kadai languages; n.i.e 0 0 0 20 10 10 Mother tongue Turkic languages 40 20 25 3700 2035 1665 Mother tongue Azerbaijani 0 0 0 495 275 225 Mother tongue Turkish 40 20 20 2770 1560 1215 Mother tongue Uyghur 0 0 0 165 80 85 Mother tongue Uzbek 0 0 0 95 45 50 Mother tongue Turkic languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 165 70 95 Mother tongue Uralic languages 85 40 45 7640 3535 4105 Mother tongue Estonian 0 0 0 455 195 260 Mother tongue Finnish 10 0 0 1900 770 1130 Mother tongue Hungarian 80 35 45 5285 2570 2715 Mother tongue Uralic languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 5 0 0 Mother tongue Other languages; n.i.e. 5 0 0 365 200 170 Mother tongue Multiple responses 630 300 325 78255 37760 40490 Mother tongue English and French 340 155 180 5200 2535 2660 Mother tongue English and non-official language 265 135 130 69885 33750 36135 Mother tongue French and non-official language 15 5 5 1545 750 795 Mother tongue English; French and non-official language 15 5 5 1620 725 900 Language spoken most often at home Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data 19 36375 18330 18050 2440145 1191670 1248470 Language spoken most often at home Single responses 35665 18000 17670 2252465 1102220 1150240 Language spoken most often at home Official languages 34310 17335 16975 1631365 811500 819870 Language spoken most often at home English 33645 17030 16615 1622735 807235 815500 Language spoken most often at home French 660 305 355 8630 4265 4365 Language spoken most often at home Non-official languages 1355 660 695 621100 290725 330375 Language spoken most often at home Aboriginal languages 0 0 0 105 45 55 Language spoken most often at home Algonquian languages 0 0 0 25 10 10 Language spoken most often at home Blackfoot 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language spoken most often at home Cree-Montagnais languages 0 0 0 15 5 10 Language spoken most often at home Atikamekw 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language spoken most often at home Montagnais (Innu) 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language spoken most often at home Moose Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language spoken most often at home Naskapi 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language spoken most often at home Northern East Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language spoken most often at home Plains Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language spoken most often at home Southern East Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language spoken most often at home Swampy Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language spoken most often at home Woods Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language spoken most often at home Cree; n.o.s. 0 0 0 15 0 10 Language spoken most often at home Eastern Algonquian languages 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language spoken most often at home Malecite 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language spoken most often at home Mi'kmaq 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language spoken most often at home Ojibway-Potawatomi languages 0 0 0 10 5 5 Language spoken most often at home Algonquin 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language spoken most often at home Ojibway 0 0 0 10 5 5 Language spoken most often at home Oji-Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language spoken most often at home Ottawa (Odawa) 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language spoken most often at home Algonquian languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language spoken most often at home Athabaskan languages 0 0 0 15 5 10 Language spoken most often at home Northern Athabaskan languages 0 0 0 15 5 10 Language spoken most often at home Babine (Wetsuwet'en) 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language spoken most often at home Beaver 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language spoken most often at home Carrier 0 0 0 5 0 5 Language spoken most often at home Chilcotin 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language spoken most often at home Dene 0 0 0 10 5 5 Language spoken most often at home Dogrib (Tlicho) 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language spoken most often at home Gwich'in 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language spoken most often at home Sarsi (Sarcee) 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language spoken most often at home Sekani 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language spoken most often at home Slavey-Hare languages 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language spoken most often at home North Slavey (Hare) 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language spoken most often at home South Slavey 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language spoken most often at home Slavey; n.o.s. 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language spoken most often at home Tahltan languages 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language spoken most often at home Kaska (Nahani) 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language spoken most often at home Tahltan 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language spoken most often at home Tutchone languages 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language spoken most often at home Northern Tutchone 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language spoken most often at home Southern Tutchone 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language spoken most often at home Athabaskan languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language spoken most often at home Haida 0 0 0 5 5 0 Language spoken most often at home Inuit languages 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language spoken most often at home Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun) 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language spoken most often at home Inuktitut 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language spoken most often at home Inuit languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language spoken most often at home Iroquoian languages 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language spoken most often at home Cayuga 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language spoken most often at home Mohawk 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language spoken most often at home Oneida 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language spoken most often at home Iroquoian languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language spoken most often at home Kutenai 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language spoken most often at home Michif 0 0 0 0 5 0 Language spoken most often at home Salish languages 0 0 0 10 5 5 Language spoken most often at home Comox 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language spoken most often at home Halkomelem 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language spoken most often at home Lillooet 0 0 0 0 5 0 Language spoken most often at home Okanagan 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language spoken most often at home Shuswap (Secwepemctsin) 0 0 0 10 5 0 Language spoken most often at home Squamish 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language spoken most often at home Straits 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language spoken most often at home Thompson (Ntlakapamux) 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language spoken most often at home Salish languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language spoken most often at home Siouan languages 0 0 0 10 5 5 Language spoken most often at home Dakota 0 0 0 10 10 0 Language spoken most often at home Stoney 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language spoken most often at home Siouan languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language spoken most often at home Tlingit 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language spoken most often at home Tsimshian languages 0 0 0 15 5 10 Language spoken most often at home Gitxsan (Gitksan) 0 0 0 5 5 5 Language spoken most often at home Nisga'a 0 0 0 5 5 5 Language spoken most often at home Tsimshian 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language spoken most often at home Wakashan languages 0 0 0 5 0 5 Language spoken most often at home Haisla 0 0 0 0 0 5 Language spoken most often at home Heiltsuk 0 0 0 5 0 0 Language spoken most often at home Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala) 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language spoken most often at home Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka) 0 0 0 5 0 0 Language spoken most often at home Wakashan languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language spoken most often at home Aboriginal languages; n.o.s. 0 0 0 15 5 10 Language spoken most often at home Non-Aboriginal languages 1355 660 695 620995 290680 330320 Language spoken most often at home Afro-Asiatic languages 130 70 55 11900 5965 5935 Language spoken most often at home Berber languages 0 0 0 40 20 20 Language spoken most often at home Kabyle 0 0 0 15 5 10 Language spoken most often at home Berber languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 20 15 5 Language spoken most often at home Cushitic languages 0 0 0 695 315 380 Language spoken most often at home Bilen 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language spoken most often at home Oromo 0 0 0 80 40 35 Language spoken most often at home Somali 0 0 0 610 270 340 Language spoken most often at home Cushitic languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 5 5 5 Language spoken most often at home Semitic languages 130 70 55 11155 5630 5530 Language spoken most often at home Amharic 0 0 0 535 250 290 Language spoken most often at home Arabic 90 50 40 8680 4405 4275 Language spoken most often at home Assyrian Neo-Aramaic 10 5 5 400 200 200 Language spoken most often at home Chaldean Neo-Aramaic 25 15 15 305 160 145 Language spoken most often at home Harari 0 0 0 10 5 5 Language spoken most often at home Hebrew 0 0 0 785 400 385 Language spoken most often at home Maltese 0 0 0 5 5 0 Language spoken most often at home Tigrigna 0 0 0 355 165 190 Language spoken most often at home Semitic languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 90 40 45 Language spoken most often at home Afro-Asiatic languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 10 5 5 Language spoken most often at home Austro-Asiatic languages 40 20 20 15000 6955 8045 Language spoken most often at home Khmer (Cambodian) 0 0 0 620 290 330 Language spoken most often at home Vietnamese 35 15 20 14365 6655 7710 Language spoken most often at home Austro-Asiatic languages; n.i.e 5 5 0 15 10 10 Language spoken most often at home Austronesian languages 25 10 10 35335 15585 19750 Language spoken most often at home Bikol 0 0 0 70 30 35 Language spoken most often at home Cebuano 0 0 0 1085 485 600 Language spoken most often at home Fijian 0 0 0 95 50 50 Language spoken most often at home Hiligaynon 0 0 0 355 150 205 Language spoken most often at home Ilocano 0 0 0 1465 625 840 Language spoken most often at home Malagasy 0 0 0 5 5 0 Language spoken most often at home Malay 0 0 0 1050 485 565 Language spoken most often at home Pampangan (Kapampangan; Pampango) 0 0 0 135 65 75 Language spoken most often at home Pangasinan 0 0 0 55 25 30 Language spoken most often at home Tagalog (Pilipino; Filipino) 25 10 15 30695 13505 17190 Language spoken most often at home Waray-Waray 0 0 0 55 25 35 Language spoken most often at home Austronesian languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 260 130 130 Language spoken most often at home Creole languages 0 0 0 290 125 160 Language spoken most often at home Haitian Creole 0 0 0 5 5 5 Language spoken most often at home Creole; n.o.s. 5 0 0 205 85 115 Language spoken most often at home Creole languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 80 35 40 Language spoken most often at home Dravidian languages 5 5 5 3355 1695 1650 Language spoken most often at home Kannada 0 0 0 95 45 50 Language spoken most often at home Malayalam 5 5 0 885 450 435 Language spoken most often at home Tamil 5 0 0 1935 965 965 Language spoken most often at home Telugu 0 0 0 425 230 190 Language spoken most often at home Dravidian languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 15 5 5 Language spoken most often at home Hmong-Mien languages 5 5 5 55 20 30 Language spoken most often at home Indo-European languages 1000 480 520 220600 107100 113505 Language spoken most often at home Albanian 10 5 0 530 255 270 Language spoken most often at home Armenian 5 5 0 505 225 280 Language spoken most often at home Balto-Slavic languages 330 165 165 25650 12295 13350 Language spoken most often at home Baltic languages 5 0 0 160 75 90 Language spoken most often at home Latvian 0 0 0 65 30 35 Language spoken most often at home Lithuanian 5 0 0 90 45 50 Language spoken most often at home Slavic languages 330 165 165 25490 12225 13265 Language spoken most often at home Belarusan 0 0 0 10 5 5 Language spoken most often at home Bosnian 0 0 0 540 270 270 Language spoken most often at home Bulgarian 0 0 0 925 425 495 Language spoken most often at home Croatian 25 10 15 1795 840 955 Language spoken most often at home Czech 5 0 5 1030 520 510 Language spoken most often at home Macedonian 85 40 45 120 60 60 Language spoken most often at home Polish 100 50 50 4490 2130 2355 Language spoken most often at home Russian 15 10 10 10795 5125 5670 Language spoken most often at home Serbian 80 40 35 3470 1760 1715 Language spoken most often at home Serbo-Croatian 0 0 0 435 205 235 Language spoken most often at home Slovak 15 5 10 775 375 405 Language spoken most often at home Slovene (Slovenian) 0 0 0 60 25 35 Language spoken most often at home Ukrainian 5 0 0 1010 470 540 Language spoken most often at home Slavic languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 25 10 15 Language spoken most often at home Celtic languages 0 0 0 30 20 15 Language spoken most often at home Scottish Gaelic 0 0 0 15 5 5 Language spoken most often at home Welsh 0 0 0 20 10 5 Language spoken most often at home Celtic languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 5 0 0 Language spoken most often at home Germanic languages 135 60 80 4665 2200 2460 Language spoken most often at home Afrikaans 0 0 0 520 250 265 Language spoken most often at home Danish 0 0 0 180 90 90 Language spoken most often at home Dutch 0 0 0 685 325 365 Language spoken most often at home Frisian 0 0 0 5 5 0 Language spoken most often at home German 125 55 75 2895 1345 1550 Language spoken most often at home Icelandic 0 0 0 50 25 30 Language spoken most often at home Norwegian 0 0 0 75 35 35 Language spoken most often at home Swedish 0 0 0 220 110 115 Language spoken most often at home Vlaams (Flemish) 0 0 0 20 15 5 Language spoken most often at home Yiddish 0 0 0 15 10 5 Language spoken most often at home Germanic languages; n.i.e. 10 5 0 5 5 0 Language spoken most often at home Greek 5 5 5 1730 840 895 Language spoken most often at home Indo-Iranian languages 300 150 150 156835 76640 80195 Language spoken most often at home Indo-Aryan languages 280 145 140 127630 62480 65150 Language spoken most often at home Bengali 0 0 5 1575 775 800 Language spoken most often at home Gujarati 10 10 10 2740 1210 1530 Language spoken most often at home Hindi 20 5 10 11235 5310 5920 Language spoken most often at home Kashmiri 0 0 0 5 0 0 Language spoken most often at home Konkani 0 0 0 40 15 15 Language spoken most often at home Marathi 0 0 0 245 125 120 Language spoken most often at home Nepali 0 0 0 550 290 265 Language spoken most often at home Oriya (Odia) 0 0 0 30 20 15 Language spoken most often at home Punjabi (Panjabi) 195 105 90 104855 51630 53225 Language spoken most often at home Sindhi 0 0 0 590 255 335 Language spoken most often at home Sinhala (Sinhalese) 5 0 0 595 290 305 Language spoken most often at home Urdu 50 25 25 5165 2560 2610 Language spoken most often at home Iranian languages 10 5 10 29035 14075 14960 Language spoken most often at home Kurdish 0 0 0 1025 515 505 Language spoken most often at home Pashto 0 0 0 660 330 330 Language spoken most often at home Persian (Farsi) 10 0 5 27350 13230 14125 Language spoken most often at home Indo-Iranian languages; n.i.e. 10 5 5 175 90 90 Language spoken most often at home Italic (Romance) languages 215 95 115 30665 14630 16035 Language spoken most often at home Catalan 0 0 0 60 30 35 Language spoken most often at home Italian 85 35 50 3950 1715 2230 Language spoken most often at home Portuguese 5 0 0 5115 2430 2685 Language spoken most often at home Romanian 90 45 45 3215 1545 1675 Language spoken most often at home Spanish 30 10 20 18310 8905 9410 Language spoken most often at home Italic (Romance) languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 10 5 10 Language spoken most often at home Japanese 0 0 0 8235 3375 4855 Language spoken most often at home Kartvelian languages 0 0 0 15 10 10 Language spoken most often at home Georgian 0 0 0 15 10 10 Language spoken most often at home Korean 10 5 5 34225 15725 18500 Language spoken most often at home Mongolic languages 0 0 0 160 80 85 Language spoken most often at home Mongolian 0 0 0 160 75 85 Language spoken most often at home Niger-Congo languages 5 0 0 725 325 405 Language spoken most often at home Akan (Twi) 0 0 0 125 70 55 Language spoken most often at home Bamanankan 0 0 0 5 5 5 Language spoken most often at home Edo 0 0 0 15 5 5 Language spoken most often at home Ewe 0 0 0 20 10 10 Language spoken most often at home Fulah (Pular; Pulaar; Fulfulde) 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language spoken most often at home Ga 0 0 0 5 0 0 Language spoken most often at home Ganda 0 0 0 5 5 5 Language spoken most often at home Igbo 5 0 5 35 20 15 Language spoken most often at home Lingala 0 0 0 35 10 20 Language spoken most often at home Rundi (Kirundi) 0 0 0 55 15 35 Language spoken most often at home Kinyarwanda (Rwanda) 0 0 0 45 15 30 Language spoken most often at home Shona 0 0 0 40 15 20 Language spoken most often at home Swahili 0 0 0 155 60 90 Language spoken most often at home Wolof 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language spoken most often at home Yoruba 0 0 0 40 20 20 Language spoken most often at home Niger-Congo languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 150 65 85 Language spoken most often at home Nilo-Saharan languages 0 0 0 105 50 55 Language spoken most often at home Dinka 0 0 0 45 25 20 Language spoken most often at home Nilo-Saharan languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 60 20 40 Language spoken most often at home Sign languages 5 5 5 830 460 370 Language spoken most often at home American Sign Language 0 0 0 295 150 150 Language spoken most often at home Quebec Sign Language 0 0 0 5 0 5 Language spoken most often at home Sign languages; n.i.e 5 5 0 530 305 220 Language spoken most often at home Sino-Tibetan languages 75 35 35 285515 130990 154525 Language spoken most often at home Chinese languages 75 35 35 283885 130170 153715 Language spoken most often at home Cantonese 20 10 10 132185 60235 71950 Language spoken most often at home Hakka 0 0 0 670 280 390 Language spoken most often at home Mandarin 30 15 15 138680 64060 74625 Language spoken most often at home Min Dong 0 0 0 65 30 35 Language spoken most often at home Min Nan (Chaochow; Teochow; Fukien; Taiwanese) 5 0 0 4645 2105 2540 Language spoken most often at home Wu (Shanghainese) 0 0 0 2500 1145 1350 Language spoken most often at home Chinese; n.o.s. 20 5 10 5045 2270 2775 Language spoken most often at home Chinese languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 100 50 55 Language spoken most often at home Tibeto-Burman languages 0 0 0 1630 820 810 Language spoken most often at home Burmese 0 0 0 685 350 335 Language spoken most often at home Karenic languages 0 0 0 685 335 350 Language spoken most often at home Tibetan 0 0 0 165 90 75 Language spoken most often at home Tibeto-Burman languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 90 45 40 Language spoken most often at home Tai-Kadai languages 20 10 10 1015 435 580 Language spoken most often at home Lao 15 10 10 335 160 175 Language spoken most often at home Thai 5 0 0 675 275 400 Language spoken most often at home Tai-Kadai languages; n.i.e 0 0 0 5 5 5 Language spoken most often at home Turkic languages 20 5 15 1550 810 740 Language spoken most often at home Azerbaijani 0 0 0 185 95 90 Language spoken most often at home Turkish 20 5 15 1190 625 565 Language spoken most often at home Uyghur 0 0 0 100 50 50 Language spoken most often at home Uzbek 0 0 0 40 25 15 Language spoken most often at home Turkic languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 40 15 25 Language spoken most often at home Uralic languages 20 5 10 1980 930 1045 Language spoken most often at home Estonian 0 0 0 75 30 45 Language spoken most often at home Finnish 0 0 0 435 190 240 Language spoken most often at home Hungarian 20 5 10 1470 710 760 Language spoken most often at home Uralic languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language spoken most often at home Other languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 110 50 60 Language spoken most often at home Multiple responses 710 330 380 187680 89450 98230 Language spoken most often at home English and French 130 55 70 3475 1700 1775 Language spoken most often at home English and non-official language 560 265 295 181305 86450 94850 Language spoken most often at home French and non-official language 0 0 0 500 225 275 Language spoken most often at home English; French and non-official language 20 10 10 2400 1075 1325 Other language spoken regularly at home Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data 20 36380 18325 18050 2440145 1191675 1248470 Other language spoken regularly at home None 32225 16340 15885 1919305 944770 974530 Other language spoken regularly at home English 990 500 490 232050 112195 119850 Other language spoken regularly at home French 1680 770 905 19620 8930 10690 Other language spoken regularly at home Non-official language 1430 705 725 260735 121820 138910 Other language spoken regularly at home Aboriginal 0 0 0 800 375 425 Other language spoken regularly at home Non-Aboriginal 1430 700 725 259935 121450 138485 Other language spoken regularly at home English and French 5 5 5 965 435 530 Other language spoken regularly at home English and non-official language 20 5 15 4895 2285 2605 Other language spoken regularly at home French and non-official language 35 10 25 2495 1190 1305 Other language spoken regularly at home English; French and non-official language 0 0 0 80 40 45 Income of individuals in 2015 Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data 21 29380 14700 14680 2064585 998870 1065720 Income of individuals in 2015 Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data 28065 14130 13935 1978485 957500 1020990 Income of individuals in 2015 Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($) 42817 52424 33543 32612 38879 27793 Income of individuals in 2015 Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data 28085 14125 13955 1981210 959985 1021225 Income of individuals in 2015 Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($) 37884 45480 30320 29422 34038 25878 Income of individuals in 2015 Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data 26365 13540 12825 1781275 875745 905525 Income of individuals in 2015 Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($) 39958 49559 30394 32645 39631 26888 Income of individuals in 2015 Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data 19480 8825 10650 1370155 582530 787620 Income of individuals in 2015 Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($) 4603 4038 4997 2459 1246 3359 Income of individuals in 2015 Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data 22730 12250 10480 1487050 752840 734210 Income of individuals in 2015 Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($) 37516 45911 31140 33621 40050 28268 Income of individuals in 2015 Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data 22 29380 14670 14715 2064615 998830 1065780 Income of individuals in 2015 Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data 28050 14085 13960 1978880 957440 1021440 Income of individuals in 2015 Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($) 56292 69727 42735 46821 55848 38360 Income of individuals in 2015 Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data 28085 14090 13995 1981625 959975 1021650 Income of individuals in 2015 Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($) 45891 55643 36073 38512 44592 32798 Income of individuals in 2015 Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data 26435 13555 12880 1780850 875325 905525 Income of individuals in 2015 Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($) 54276 67636 40219 47281 57128 37762 Income of individuals in 2015 Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data 19600 8870 10735 1370125 581865 788260 Income of individuals in 2015 Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($) 7357 7408 7315 6169 5955 6327 Income of individuals in 2015 Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data 22735 12185 10545 1487050 752855 734200 Income of individuals in 2015 Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($) 51284 61547 39423 46081 55081 36854 Income of individuals in 2015 Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data 23 29380 14670 14715 2064615 998830 1065785 Income of individuals in 2015 Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data 24 11110 6555 4560 637395 361430 275965 Income of individuals in 2015 Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($) 25 62399 70723 51709 54955 60834 49056 Income of individuals in 2015 Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($) 26 75406 87578 57920 67916 76209 57055 Income of individuals in 2015 Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data 27 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Income of individuals in 2015 Market income (%) 28 90.9 93.5 86.8 90.9 93.5 87.3 Income of individuals in 2015 Employment income (%) 29 73.5 76.4 69.0 74.0 77.5 69.1 Income of individuals in 2015 Government transfers (%) 30 9.1 6.5 13.2 9.1 6.5 12.7 Income of individuals in 2015 Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data 31 29380 14700 14680 2064585 998865 1065715 Income of individuals in 2015 Without total income 1320 570 745 86100 41365 44730 Income of individuals in 2015 With total income 28065 14125 13935 1978485 957500 1020990 Income of individuals in 2015 Percentage with total income 95.5 96.1 94.9 95.8 95.9 95.8 Income of individuals in 2015 Under $10;000 (including loss) 3470 1350 2115 337915 144295 193620 Income of individuals in 2015 $10;000 to $19;999 3565 1235 2330 345805 143880 201920 Income of individuals in 2015 $20;000 to $29;999 3095 1185 1910 248300 105920 142380 Income of individuals in 2015 $30;000 to $39;999 2885 1260 1620 211515 94955 116565 Income of individuals in 2015 $40;000 to $49;999 3200 1665 1535 188015 87605 100415 Income of individuals in 2015 $50;000 to $59;999 2445 1300 1140 149455 74735 74720 Income of individuals in 2015 $60;000 to $69;999 1900 1125 775 116775 64280 52500 Income of individuals in 2015 $70;000 to $79;999 1650 1030 615 89555 51260 38295 Income of individuals in 2015 $80;000 to $89;999 1350 850 505 70690 41215 29475 Income of individuals in 2015 $90;000 to $99;999 1225 695 525 50825 30925 19900 Income of individuals in 2015 $100;000 and over 3280 2425 860 169635 118430 51210 Income of individuals in 2015 $100;000 to $149;999 2220 1585 630 109000 73655 35350 Income of individuals in 2015 $150;000 and over 1065 835 230 60640 44780 15860 Income of individuals in 2015 Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data 32 29380 14700 14680 2064585 998865 1065720 Income of individuals in 2015 Without after-tax income 1295 570 725 83375 38885 44495 Income of individuals in 2015 With after-tax income 28085 14125 13960 1981210 959985 1021225 Income of individuals in 2015 Percentage with after-tax income 95.6 96.1 95.1 96.0 96.1 95.8 Income of individuals in 2015 Under $10;000 (including loss) 3600 1370 2235 350380 152065 198315 Income of individuals in 2015 $10;000 to $19;999 3775 1305 2475 361855 152890 208965 Income of individuals in 2015 $20;000 to $29;999 3630 1425 2210 293480 127930 165550 Income of individuals in 2015 $30;000 to $39;999 3850 1875 1975 250620 114225 136395 Income of individuals in 2015 $40;000 to $49;999 3515 1865 1655 209335 101565 107765 Income of individuals in 2015 $50;000 to $59;999 2630 1570 1060 153280 83240 70045 Income of individuals in 2015 $60;000 to $69;999 2100 1355 745 109410 62820 46595 Income of individuals in 2015 $70;000 to $79;999 1715 1020 700 79210 46380 32825 Income of individuals in 2015 $80;000 and over 3255 2350 905 173650 118875 54770 Income of individuals in 2015 $80;000 to $89;999 1025 690 335 50810 32310 18500 Income of individuals in 2015 $90;000 to $99;999 595 420 170 32520 21870 10645 Income of individuals in 2015 $100;000 and over 1640 1245 400 90320 64700 25625 Income of individuals in 2015 Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data 33 29380 14700 14680 2064585 998870 1065715 Income of individuals in 2015 Without employment income 6650 2450 4200 577530 246030 331505 Income of individuals in 2015 With employment income 22730 12255 10480 1487050 752835 734210 Income of individuals in 2015 Percentage with employment income 77.4 83.4 71.4 72.0 75.4 68.9 Income of individuals in 2015 Under $5;000 (including loss) 3915 2330 1585 209270 93700 115565 Income of individuals in 2015 $5;000 to $9;999 1525 640 885 112350 48000 64355 Income of individuals in 2015 $10;000 to $19;999 2560 1050 1510 199780 88465 111315 Income of individuals in 2015 $20;000 to $29;999 1935 810 1125 164960 74780 90180 Income of individuals in 2015 $30;000 to $39;999 1910 795 1120 153815 70955 82860 Income of individuals in 2015 $40;000 to $49;999 1900 805 1095 141800 66710 75095 Income of individuals in 2015 $50;000 to $59;999 1550 810 735 113915 59035 54880 Income of individuals in 2015 $60;000 to $69;999 1355 815 540 90840 52060 38780 Income of individuals in 2015 $70;000 to $79;999 1315 840 475 71740 42295 29440 Income of individuals in 2015 $80;000 and over 4770 3360 1415 228585 156840 71740 Income of individuals in 2015 $80;000 to $89;999 1050 675 375 57565 34490 23075 Income of individuals in 2015 $90;000 to $99;999 1105 615 490 40995 26105 14890 Income of individuals in 2015 $100;000 and over 2610 2060 545 130030 96250 33775 Income of households in 2015 Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data 34 13185 ... ... 960895 ... ... Income of households in 2015 Median total income of households in 2015 ($) 97064 ... ... 72662 ... ... Income of households in 2015 Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($) 82599 ... ... 63365 ... ... Income of households in 2015 Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data 2305 ... ... 275455 ... ... Income of households in 2015 Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($) 42996 ... ... 38164 ... ... Income of households in 2015 Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($) 37591 ... ... 33804 ... ... Income of households in 2015 Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data 10875 ... ... 685440 ... ... Income of households in 2015 Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($) 110732 ... ... 92067 ... ... Income of households in 2015 Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($) 94018 ... ... 80158 ... ... Income of households in 2015 Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data 35 13185 ... ... 960895 ... ... Income of households in 2015 Average total income of households in 2015 ($) 119754 ... ... 96423 ... ... Income of households in 2015 Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($) 97747 ... ... 79421 ... ... Income of households in 2015 Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data 2305 ... ... 275485 ... ... Income of households in 2015 Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($) 59980 ... ... 49950 ... ... Income of households in 2015 Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($) 47475 ... ... 41250 ... ... Income of households in 2015 Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data 10880 ... ... 685410 ... ... Income of households in 2015 Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($) 132416 ... ... 115102 ... ... Income of households in 2015 Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($) 108395 ... ... 94764 ... ... Income of households in 2015 Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data 36 13185 ... ... 960895 ... ... Income of households in 2015 Under $5;000 110 ... ... 28325 ... ... Income of households in 2015 $5;000 to $9;999 70 ... ... 15385 ... ... Income of households in 2015 $10;000 to $14;999 150 ... ... 28770 ... ... Income of households in 2015 $15;000 to $19;999 200 ... ... 38305 ... ... Income of households in 2015 $20;000 to $24;999 270 ... ... 36160 ... ... Income of households in 2015 $25;000 to $29;999 290 ... ... 35655 ... ... Income of households in 2015 $30;000 to $34;999 310 ... ... 36315 ... ... Income of households in 2015 $35;000 to $39;999 355 ... ... 36535 ... ... Income of households in 2015 $40;000 to $44;999 420 ... ... 36630 ... ... Income of households in 2015 $45;000 to $49;999 430 ... ... 36510 ... ... Income of households in 2015 $50;000 to $59;999 925 ... ... 70005 ... ... Income of households in 2015 $60;000 to $69;999 865 ... ... 65325 ... ... Income of households in 2015 $70;000 to $79;999 850 ... ... 60005 ... ... Income of households in 2015 $80;000 to $89;999 815 ... ... 55025 ... ... Income of households in 2015 $90;000 to $99;999 755 ... ... 49190 ... ... Income of households in 2015 $100;000 and over 6375 ... ... 332745 ... ... Income of households in 2015 $100;000 to $124;999 1740 ... ... 100070 ... ... Income of households in 2015 $125;000 to $149;999 1370 ... ... 72355 ... ... Income of households in 2015 $150;000 to $199;999 1800 ... ... 82630 ... ... Income of households in 2015 $200;000 and over 1465 ... ... 77695 ... ... Income of households in 2015 Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data 32 13185 ... ... 960890 ... ... Income of households in 2015 Under $5;000 120 ... ... 30260 ... ... Income of households in 2015 $5;000 to $9;999 65 ... ... 15590 ... ... Income of households in 2015 $10;000 to $14;999 155 ... ... 29290 ... ... Income of households in 2015 $15;000 to $19;999 210 ... ... 39595 ... ... Income of households in 2015 $20;000 to $24;999 310 ... ... 41050 ... ... Income of households in 2015 $25;000 to $29;999 335 ... ... 42935 ... ... Income of households in 2015 $30;000 to $34;999 400 ... ... 43900 ... ... Income of households in 2015 $35;000 to $39;999 470 ... ... 44060 ... ... Income of households in 2015 $40;000 to $44;999 475 ... ... 44380 ... ... Income of households in 2015 $45;000 to $49;999 570 ... ... 43085 ... ... Income of households in 2015 $50;000 to $59;999 1090 ... ... 80740 ... ... Income of households in 2015 $60;000 to $69;999 1055 ... ... 73390 ... ... Income of households in 2015 $70;000 to $79;999 1040 ... ... 66785 ... ... Income of households in 2015 $80;000 to $89;999 985 ... ... 58300 ... ... Income of households in 2015 $90;000 to $99;999 900 ... ... 50780 ... ... Income of households in 2015 $100;000 and over 4995 ... ... 256755 ... ... Income of households in 2015 $100;000 to $124;999 1855 ... ... 97835 ... ... Income of households in 2015 $125;000 to $149;999 1270 ... ... 61380 ... ... Income of households in 2015 $150;000 and over 1875 ... ... 97535 ... ... Income of economic families in 2015 Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data 37 10765 ... ... 653340 ... ... Income of economic families in 2015 Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($) 110786 ... ... 92273 ... ... Income of economic families in 2015 Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($) 94042 ... ... 80245 ... ... Income of economic families in 2015 Average family size of economic families 3.1 ... ... 3.1 ... ... Income of economic families in 2015 Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data 4030 ... ... 222585 ... ... Income of economic families in 2015 Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($) 88084 ... ... 85383 ... ... Income of economic families in 2015 Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($) 75954 ... ... 73895 ... ... Income of economic families in 2015 Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives 2.0 ... ... 2.0 ... ... Income of economic families in 2015 Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data 5470 ... ... 313355 ... ... Income of economic families in 2015 Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($) 140567 ... ... 112167 ... ... Income of economic families in 2015 Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($) 116575 ... ... 96888 ... ... Income of economic families in 2015 Average family size of couple economic families with children 4.1 ... ... 4.1 ... ... Income of economic families in 2015 Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data 1095 ... ... 93805 ... ... Income of economic families in 2015 Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($) 66714 ... ... 53852 ... ... Income of economic families in 2015 Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($) 60352 ... ... 49006 ... ... Income of economic families in 2015 Average family size of lone-parent economic families 2.7 ... ... 2.6 ... ... Income of economic families in 2015 Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data 38 10755 ... ... 652795 ... ... Income of economic families in 2015 Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($) 132817 ... ... 115694 ... ... Income of economic families in 2015 Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($) 108687 ... ... 95002 ... ... Income of economic families in 2015 Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data 4015 ... ... 222050 ... ... Income of economic families in 2015 Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($) 102933 ... ... 109780 ... ... Income of economic families in 2015 Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($) 85341 ... ... 88896 ... ... Income of economic families in 2015 Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data 5480 ... ... 313600 ... ... Income of economic families in 2015 Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($) 166418 ... ... 135322 ... ... Income of economic families in 2015 Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($) 134725 ... ... 111039 ... ... Income of economic families in 2015 Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data 1070 ... ... 93545 ... ... Income of economic families in 2015 Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($) 78261 ... ... 67562 ... ... Income of economic families in 2015 Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($) 66504 ... ... 57922 ... ... Income of economic families in 2015 Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data 21 2675 1425 1245 393510 189750 203760 Income of economic families in 2015 Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($) 39 41579 46848 34752 32421 33964 31209 Income of economic families in 2015 Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($) 39 36280 40594 31440 29236 30331 28391 Income of economic families in 2015 Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data 40 2650 1425 1225 392915 188815 204100 Income of economic families in 2015 Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($) 41 56629 67150 44367 43593 46216 41167 Income of economic families in 2015 Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($) 41 45094 51933 37122 36392 38096 34815 Income of economic families in 2015 Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data 42 36365 18320 18040 2426235 1185395 1240835 Income of economic families in 2015 In the bottom half of the distribution 11740 5665 6075 1175575 559445 616130 Income of economic families in 2015 In the bottom decile 1385 680 705 303915 145415 158500 Income of economic families in 2015 In the second decile 1825 825 1000 228320 105405 122915 Income of economic families in 2015 In the third decile 2420 1125 1295 210945 100050 110895 Income of economic families in 2015 In the fourth decile 2845 1390 1455 212600 102000 110595 Income of economic families in 2015 In the fifth decile 3270 1650 1615 219800 106575 113225 Income of economic families in 2015 In the top half of the distribution 24620 12655 11970 1250655 625955 624705 Income of economic families in 2015 In the sixth decile 3775 1890 1880 225360 110195 115170 Income of economic families in 2015 In the seventh decile 4535 2345 2190 234070 116115 117950 Income of economic families in 2015 In the eighth decile 5160 2655 2505 245245 122625 122620 Income of economic families in 2015 In the ninth decile 5555 2830 2725 260490 131100 129390 Income of economic families in 2015 In the top decile 5605 2930 2670 285490 145915 139575 Low income in 2015 Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data 43 36365 18320 18045 2417260 1181115 1236145 Low income in 2015 0 to 17 years 8575 4450 4125 441530 227695 213835 Low income in 2015 0 to 5 years 2295 1170 1125 139285 71940 67345 Low income in 2015 18 to 64 years 22570 11265 11305 1612685 785035 827650 Low income in 2015 65 years and over 5215 2600 2615 363045 168390 194660 Low income in 2015 In low income based on the Low-income measure; after tax (LIM-AT) 2200 1040 1165 398715 187770 210950 Low income in 2015 0 to 17 years 620 315 310 83635 42965 40675 Low income in 2015 0 to 5 years 160 70 90 24690 12560 12130 Low income in 2015 18 to 64 years 1285 600 685 255225 119285 135940 Low income in 2015 65 years and over 305 130 175 59860 25525 34335 Low income in 2015 Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure; after tax (LIM-AT) (%) 6.0 5.7 6.5 16.5 15.9 17.1 Low income in 2015 0 to 17 years (%) 7.2 7.1 7.5 18.9 18.9 19.0 Low income in 2015 0 to 5 years (%) 7.0 6.0 8.0 17.7 17.5 18.0 Low income in 2015 18 to 64 years (%) 5.7 5.3 6.1 15.8 15.2 16.4 Low income in 2015 65 years and over (%) 5.8 5.0 6.7 16.5 15.2 17.6 Low income in 2015 In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs; after tax (LICO-AT) 900 450 460 337085 160485 176600 Low income in 2015 0 to 17 years 220 110 110 67065 34355 32710 Low income in 2015 0 to 5 years 50 20 30 19175 9740 9435 Low income in 2015 18 to 64 years 620 310 310 232635 110555 122085 Low income in 2015 65 years and over 60 30 30 37380 15580 21805 Low income in 2015 Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs; after tax (LICO-AT) (%) 2.5 2.5 2.5 13.9 13.6 14.3 Low income in 2015 0 to 17 years (%) 2.6 2.5 2.7 15.2 15.1 15.3 Low income in 2015 0 to 5 years (%) 2.2 1.7 2.7 13.8 13.5 14.0 Low income in 2015 18 to 64 years (%) 2.7 2.8 2.7 14.4 14.1 14.8 Low income in 2015 65 years and over (%) 1.2 1.2 1.1 10.3 9.3 11.2 Knowledge of languages Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data 44 36365 18320 18040 2426230 1185400 1240835 Knowledge of languages Official languages 36190 18260 17930 2290560 1129240 1161325 Knowledge of languages English 36160 18250 17910 2289520 1128740 1160780 Knowledge of languages French 6335 2960 3375 172260 76600 95660 Knowledge of languages Non-official languages 4625 2285 2340 1220345 574040 646300 Knowledge of languages Aboriginal languages 0 10 0 1605 670 935 Knowledge of languages Algonquian languages 0 0 0 485 200 290 Knowledge of languages Blackfoot 0 0 0 15 0 15 Knowledge of languages Cree-Montagnais languages 0 0 0 310 145 165 Knowledge of languages Atikamekw 0 0 0 0 0 0 Knowledge of languages Montagnais (Innu) 0 0 0 0 0 0 Knowledge of languages Moose Cree 0 0 0 0 0 10 Knowledge of languages Naskapi 0 0 0 0 0 0 Knowledge of languages Northern East Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0 Knowledge of languages Plains Cree 0 0 0 85 45 40 Knowledge of languages Southern East Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0 Knowledge of languages Swampy Cree 0 0 0 20 10 20 Knowledge of languages Woods Cree 0 0 0 15 0 10 Knowledge of languages Cree; n.o.s. 0 0 0 180 90 90 Knowledge of languages Eastern Algonquian languages 0 0 0 20 10 0 Knowledge of languages Malecite 0 0 0 0 0 0 Knowledge of languages Mi'kmaq 0 0 0 15 0 10 Knowledge of languages Ojibway-Potawatomi languages 0 0 0 140 40 100 Knowledge of languages Algonquin 0 0 0 15 10 10 Knowledge of languages Ojibway 0 0 0 120 35 85 Knowledge of languages Oji-Cree 0 0 0 10 0 10 Knowledge of languages Ottawa (Odawa) 0 0 0 0 0 0 Knowledge of languages Algonquian languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0 Knowledge of languages Athabaskan languages 0 0 0 85 30 60 Knowledge of languages Northern Athabaskan languages 0 0 0 80 30 55 Knowledge of languages Babine (Wetsuwet'en) 0 0 0 10 10 0 Knowledge of languages Beaver 0 0 0 0 0 0 Knowledge of languages Carrier 0 0 0 50 10 40 Knowledge of languages Chilcotin 0 0 0 10 0 0 Knowledge of languages Dene 0 0 0 10 0 0 Knowledge of languages Dogrib (Tlicho) 0 0 0 0 0 0 Knowledge of languages Gwich'in 0 0 0 0 0 0 Knowledge of languages Sarsi (Sarcee) 0 0 0 0 0 0 Knowledge of languages Sekani 0 0 0 0 0 0 Knowledge of languages Slavey-Hare languages 0 0 0 0 0 0 Knowledge of languages North Slavey (Hare) 0 0 0 0 0 0 Knowledge of languages South Slavey 0 0 0 0 0 0 Knowledge of languages Slavey; n.o.s. 0 0 0 0 0 0 Knowledge of languages Tahltan languages 0 0 0 10 10 0 Knowledge of languages Kaska (Nahani) 0 0 0 0 0 0 Knowledge of languages Tahltan 0 0 0 0 10 0 Knowledge of languages Tutchone languages 0 0 0 0 0 10 Knowledge of languages Northern Tutchone 0 0 0 0 0 0 Knowledge of languages Southern Tutchone 0 0 0 0 0 0 Knowledge of languages Athabaskan languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 10 10 0 Knowledge of languages Haida 0 0 0 60 35 30 Knowledge of languages Inuit languages 0 0 0 60 30 35 Knowledge of languages Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun) 0 0 0 10 10 0 Knowledge of languages Inuktitut 0 0 0 40 15 25 Knowledge of languages Inuit languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 10 0 10 Knowledge of languages Iroquoian languages 0 10 0 0 10 10 Knowledge of languages Cayuga 0 0 0 0 0 0 Knowledge of languages Mohawk 0 0 0 10 10 0 Knowledge of languages Oneida 0 0 0 0 0 0 Knowledge of languages Iroquoian languages; n.i.e. 10 0 0 0 0 0 Knowledge of languages Kutenai 0 0 0 0 0 0 Knowledge of languages Michif 0 0 0 30 15 15 Knowledge of languages Salish languages 0 0 0 535 215 330 Knowledge of languages Comox 0 0 0 20 0 15 Knowledge of languages Halkomelem 0 0 0 150 60 90 Knowledge of languages Lillooet 0 0 0 20 15 10 Knowledge of languages Okanagan 0 0 0 35 15 20 Knowledge of languages Shuswap (Secwepemctsin) 0 0 0 10 0 0 Knowledge of languages Squamish 0 0 0 225 100 125 Knowledge of languages Straits 0 0 0 0 0 0 Knowledge of languages Thompson (Ntlakapamux) 0 0 0 25 10 15 Knowledge of languages Salish languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 60 20 45 Knowledge of languages Siouan languages 0 0 0 30 15 20 Knowledge of languages Dakota 0 0 0 15 10 10 Knowledge of languages Stoney 0 0 0 0 0 0 Knowledge of languages Siouan languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 10 10 0 Knowledge of languages Tlingit 0 0 0 0 0 0 Knowledge of languages Tsimshian languages 0 0 0 180 80 100 Knowledge of languages Gitxsan (Gitksan) 0 0 0 55 15 40 Knowledge of languages Nisga'a 0 0 0 65 35 35 Knowledge of languages Tsimshian 0 0 0 65 30 30 Knowledge of languages Wakashan languages 0 0 0 100 45 55 Knowledge of languages Haisla 0 0 0 25 0 25 Knowledge of languages Heiltsuk 0 0 0 10 0 10 Knowledge of languages Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala) 0 0 0 45 35 10 Knowledge of languages Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka) 0 0 0 15 0 10 Knowledge of languages Wakashan languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0 Knowledge of languages Aboriginal languages; n.o.s. 0 0 0 35 20 15 Knowledge of languages Non-Aboriginal languages 4620 2280 2340 1218825 573410 645415 Knowledge of languages Afro-Asiatic languages 375 170 205 29225 15270 13955 Knowledge of languages Berber languages 0 0 0 125 80 45 Knowledge of languages Kabyle 0 0 0 55 30 25 Knowledge of languages Berber languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 70 50 15 Knowledge of languages Cushitic languages 0 10 0 1880 870 1005 Knowledge of languages Bilen 0 0 0 15 0 15 Knowledge of languages Oromo 0 0 0 190 110 80 Knowledge of languages Somali 0 10 0 1675 755 915 Knowledge of languages Cushitic languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 10 0 10 Knowledge of languages Semitic languages 370 165 205 27480 14465 13015 Knowledge of languages Amharic 0 0 0 1755 905 855 Knowledge of languages Arabic 290 120 170 19990 10680 9315 Knowledge of languages Assyrian Neo-Aramaic 10 10 0 715 340 375 Knowledge of languages Chaldean Neo-Aramaic 90 40 45 545 270 275 Knowledge of languages Harari 0 0 0 55 35 20 Knowledge of languages Hebrew 0 0 0 4585 2360 2225 Knowledge of languages Maltese 20 15 0 165 90 80 Knowledge of languages Tigrigna 0 0 10 935 510 430 Knowledge of languages Semitic languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 290 150 135 Knowledge of languages Afro-Asiatic languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 95 45 45 Knowledge of languages Austro-Asiatic languages 140 65 75 30390 14495 15890 Knowledge of languages Khmer (Cambodian) 15 0 10 1440 620 820 Knowledge of languages Vietnamese 120 60 60 29015 13890 15125 Knowledge of languages Austro-Asiatic languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 60 30 30 Knowledge of languages Austronesian languages 55 20 35 106580 44620 61955 Knowledge of languages Bikol 0 0 0 495 205 285 Knowledge of languages Cebuano 0 0 0 4185 1625 2555 Knowledge of languages Fijian 0 0 0 980 580 405 Knowledge of languages Hiligaynon 0 0 0 1365 600 770 Knowledge of languages Ilocano 10 0 10 5665 2210 3460 Knowledge of languages Malagasy 0 0 0 10 0 0 Knowledge of languages Malay 10 0 0 6435 3050 3390 Knowledge of languages Pampangan (Kapampangan; Pampango) 0 0 0 775 350 430 Knowledge of languages Pangasinan 10 10 10 445 180 265 Knowledge of languages Tagalog (Pilipino; Filipino) 45 10 35 96290 39665 56625 Knowledge of languages Waray-Waray 0 0 0 280 120 150 Knowledge of languages Austronesian languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 1175 580 595 Knowledge of languages Creole languages 10 10 0 1820 975 845 Knowledge of languages Haitian Creole 0 0 0 60 25 35 Knowledge of languages Creole; n.o.s. 0 10 10 1020 540 480 Knowledge of languages Creole languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 755 415 335 Knowledge of languages Dravidian languages 55 35 20 8875 4710 4165 Knowledge of languages Kannada 0 0 0 445 210 235 Knowledge of languages Malayalam 30 10 15 2580 1395 1190 Knowledge of languages Tamil 25 20 0 4860 2530 2325 Knowledge of languages Telugu 10 0 0 1425 835 595 Knowledge of languages Dravidian languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 65 25 40 Knowledge of languages Hmong-Mien languages 0 0 0 150 75 70 Knowledge of languages Indo-European languages 3600 1800 1795 536805 262060 274755 Knowledge of languages Albanian 80 35 55 1135 580 555 Knowledge of languages Armenian 45 20 20 1455 725 735 Knowledge of languages Balto-Slavic languages 1110 555 560 66125 31535 34590 Knowledge of languages Baltic languages 10 0 0 635 310 325 Knowledge of languages Latvian 0 0 0 310 175 140 Knowledge of languages Lithuanian 10 10 0 325 135 185 Knowledge of languages Slavic languages 1100 545 555 65675 31315 34350 Knowledge of languages Belarusan 0 0 0 205 95 110 Knowledge of languages Bosnian 20 15 10 1780 890 890 Knowledge of languages Bulgarian 10 10 10 1975 875 1100 Knowledge of languages Croatian 250 125 125 7995 3920 4075 Knowledge of languages Czech 25 10 10 4580 2140 2435 Knowledge of languages Macedonian 235 130 110 345 180 160 Knowledge of languages Polish 255 110 150 13820 6540 7275 Knowledge of languages Russian 40 20 25 24000 11325 12675 Knowledge of languages Serbian 260 140 125 8010 4105 3905 Knowledge of languages Serbo-Croatian 0 0 0 1240 595 645 Knowledge of languages Slovak 60 20 40 3060 1425 1635 Knowledge of languages Slovene (Slovenian) 10 10 0 725 330 400 Knowledge of languages Ukrainian 20 10 10 5960 2605 3355 Knowledge of languages Slavic languages; n.i.e. 20 10 10 250 120 125 Knowledge of languages Celtic languages 10 0 10 1175 650 520 Knowledge of languages Scottish Gaelic 0 0 0 350 225 120 Knowledge of languages Welsh 0 0 0 145 65 85 Knowledge of languages Celtic languages; n.i.e. 10 0 10 685 370 320 Knowledge of languages Germanic languages 650 315 335 57255 27520 29730 Knowledge of languages Afrikaans 20 0 10 4230 2160 2065 Knowledge of languages Danish 0 0 0 2455 1150 1310 Knowledge of languages Dutch 85 30 55 9200 4340 4855 Knowledge of languages Frisian 0 0 0 120 55 65 Knowledge of languages German 530 270 260 38665 18840 19820 Knowledge of languages Icelandic 0 0 0 215 110 100 Knowledge of languages Norwegian 0 0 0 1405 730 680 Knowledge of languages Swedish 0 0 0 2765 1205 1560 Knowledge of languages Vlaams (Flemish) 10 10 10 220 125 100 Knowledge of languages Yiddish 0 0 0 385 175 210 Knowledge of languages Germanic languages; n.i.e. 50 30 25 75 40 30 Knowledge of languages Greek 95 50 45 7230 3675 3555 Knowledge of languages Indo-Iranian languages 440 240 200 297060 147625 149435 Knowledge of languages Indo-Aryan languages 430 240 200 248620 123215 125405 Knowledge of languages Bengali 0 0 0 3145 1610 1530 Knowledge of languages Gujarati 25 10 10 10685 5030 5655 Knowledge of languages Hindi 85 50 40 70505 34305 36195 Knowledge of languages Kashmiri 0 0 0 45 25 20 Knowledge of languages Konkani 0 0 0 375 185 190 Knowledge of languages Marathi 0 0 0 1275 650 625 Knowledge of languages Nepali 0 0 0 1180 595 590 Knowledge of languages Oriya (Odia) 0 0 0 70 40 30 Knowledge of languages Punjabi (Panjabi) 230 130 100 187530 93595 93935 Knowledge of languages Sindhi 10 0 0 3140 1340 1800 Knowledge of languages Sinhala (Sinhalese) 0 0 0 2140 1110 1030 Knowledge of languages Urdu 125 65 55 14610 7635 6975 Knowledge of languages Iranian languages 10 10 10 49445 24950 24495 Knowledge of languages Kurdish 10 0 10 2070 1095 980 Knowledge of languages Pashto 0 0 0 1540 855 685 Knowledge of languages Persian (Farsi) 0 0 0 47155 23770 23385 Knowledge of languages Indo-Iranian languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 750 380 375 Knowledge of languages Italic (Romance) languages 1245 645 600 118715 56405 62310 Knowledge of languages Catalan 0 0 0 245 125 120 Knowledge of languages Italian 680 360 325 25610 12450 13155 Knowledge of languages Portuguese 115 75 45 15670 7450 8225 Knowledge of languages Romanian 195 90 105 8265 4075 4190 Knowledge of languages Spanish 290 150 140 75105 35255 39855 Knowledge of languages Italic (Romance) languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 220 130 85 Knowledge of languages Japanese 15 10 0 28630 12410 16220 Knowledge of languages Kartvelian languages 0 0 0 90 50 40 Knowledge of languages Georgian 0 0 0 90 50 45 Knowledge of languages Korean 30 15 10 50640 23170 27470 Knowledge of languages Mongolic languages 0 0 0 320 155 170 Knowledge of languages Mongolian 0 0 0 325 155 165 Knowledge of languages Niger-Congo languages 30 15 15 5810 3020 2790 Knowledge of languages Akan (Twi) 0 0 0 495 280 215 Knowledge of languages Bamanankan 0 0 0 20 10 10 Knowledge of languages Edo 0 0 0 115 65 55 Knowledge of languages Ewe 0 0 0 115 75 35 Knowledge of languages Fulah (Pular; Pulaar; Fulfulde) 0 0 0 45 10 35 Knowledge of languages Ga 0 0 0 95 60 35 Knowledge of languages Ganda 0 0 0 105 60 45 Knowledge of languages Igbo 0 0 0 240 140 95 Knowledge of languages Lingala 10 0 10 235 105 130 Knowledge of languages Rundi (Kirundi) 0 0 0 105 35 65 Knowledge of languages Kinyarwanda (Rwanda) 0 0 0 210 95 115 Knowledge of languages Shona 0 0 0 265 125 140 Knowledge of languages Swahili 10 0 0 2655 1440 1220 Knowledge of languages Wolof 0 0 0 30 15 15 Knowledge of languages Yoruba 20 10 10 505 260 250 Knowledge of languages Niger-Congo languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 1325 605 725 Knowledge of languages Nilo-Saharan languages 0 0 0 300 150 150 Knowledge of languages Dinka 0 0 0 50 35 15 Knowledge of languages Nilo-Saharan languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 250 120 135 Knowledge of languages Sign languages 40 20 25 3540 1405 2135 Knowledge of languages American Sign Language 20 10 10 2035 690 1345 Knowledge of languages Quebec Sign Language 0 0 0 0 10 0 Knowledge of languages Sign languages; n.i.e. 20 10 15 1565 735 830 Knowledge of languages Sino-Tibetan languages 130 55 75 431545 199110 232430 Knowledge of languages Chinese languages 130 60 70 429070 197865 231205 Knowledge of languages Cantonese 50 30 20 223705 103510 120190 Knowledge of languages Hakka 10 0 10 2555 1215 1340 Knowledge of languages Mandarin 40 15 25 250170 112935 137235 Knowledge of languages Min Dong 0 0 0 125 55 70 Knowledge of languages Min Nan (Chaochow; Teochow; Fukien; Taiwanese) 0 0 0 15660 6945 8720 Knowledge of languages Wu (Shanghainese) 0 0 0 5385 2345 3035 Knowledge of languages Chinese; n.o.s. 40 15 25 8745 3985 4760 Knowledge of languages Chinese languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 195 80 115 Knowledge of languages Tibeto-Burman languages 0 0 0 2755 1375 1380 Knowledge of languages Burmese 0 0 0 1385 685 705 Knowledge of languages Karenic languages 0 0 0 905 455 450 Knowledge of languages Tibetan 0 0 0 305 165 140 Knowledge of languages Tibeto-Burman languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 295 140 155 Knowledge of languages Tai-Kadai languages 35 20 20 3810 1540 2270 Knowledge of languages Lao 25 10 10 1125 505 620 Knowledge of languages Thai 10 10 0 2875 1100 1770 Knowledge of languages Tai-Kadai languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 10 10 0 Knowledge of languages Turkic languages 70 35 35 5950 3225 2725 Knowledge of languages Azerbaijani 0 0 0 835 455 385 Knowledge of languages Turkish 70 30 35 4875 2630 2240 Knowledge of languages Uyghur 0 0 0 105 50 55 Knowledge of languages Uzbek 0 0 0 170 95 75 Knowledge of languages Turkic languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 225 125 105 Knowledge of languages Uralic languages 125 60 65 9045 4205 4845 Knowledge of languages Estonian 0 0 0 495 205 295 Knowledge of languages Finnish 10 0 10 2085 825 1265 Knowledge of languages Hungarian 115 60 55 6480 3175 3310 Knowledge of languages Uralic languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0 Knowledge of languages Other languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 695 380 315 Citizenship Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data 45 36365 18325 18045 2426230 1185400 1240835 Citizenship Canadian citizens 46 35625 18075 17550 2103115 1032695 1070420 Citizenship Canadian citizens aged under 18 8515 4435 4085 403685 208715 194970 Citizenship Canadian citizens aged 18 and over 27105 13640 13465 1699435 823985 875445 Citizenship Not Canadian citizens 47 740 245 500 323115 152705 170415 Immigrant status and period of immigration Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data 48 36365 18320 18040 2426235 1185400 1240830 Immigrant status and period of immigration Non-immigrants 49 32370 16435 15935 1358990 686180 672805 Immigrant status and period of immigration Immigrants 50 3905 1845 2055 989545 461660 527880 Immigrant status and period of immigration Before 1981 1740 900 840 209975 100680 109295 Immigrant status and period of immigration 1981 to 1990 510 185 320 120730 56305 64425 Immigrant status and period of immigration 1991 to 2000 785 380 400 247835 114340 133490 Immigrant status and period of immigration 2001 to 2010 670 300 375 268470 123245 145230 Immigrant status and period of immigration 2001 to 2005 400 180 220 124890 57190 67695 Immigrant status and period of immigration 2006 to 2010 270 120 155 143585 66050 77535 Immigrant status and period of immigration 2011 to 2016 51 200 85 115 142535 67095 75435 Immigrant status and period of immigration Non-permanent residents 52 90 40 55 77700 37560 40140 Age at immigration Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data 53 3900 1845 2055 989540 461660 527885 Age at immigration Under 5 years 635 375 260 78020 39580 38445 Age at immigration 5 to 14 years 800 435 370 158290 81570 76720 Age at immigration 15 to 24 years 890 335 560 204760 93100 111655 Age at immigration 25 to 44 years 1390 630 765 424180 189745 234440 Age at immigration 45 years and over 180 70 110 124300 57665 66630 Immigrants by selected place of birth Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data 54 3900 1845 2055 989545 461660 527885 Immigrants by selected place of birth Americas 830 290 535 65330 30720 34605 Immigrants by selected place of birth Brazil 15 10 10 2860 1175 1680 Immigrants by selected place of birth Colombia 10 10 10 3080 1400 1675 Immigrants by selected place of birth El Salvador 10 10 0 4405 2230 2170 Immigrants by selected place of birth Guyana 0 0 0 920 415 500 Immigrants by selected place of birth Haiti 10 0 0 265 110 160 Immigrants by selected place of birth Jamaica 10 0 0 2230 1160 1065 Immigrants by selected place of birth Mexico 155 75 80 7850 3420 4430 Immigrants by selected place of birth Peru 0 0 0 2700 1155 1540 Immigrants by selected place of birth Trinidad and Tobago 20 10 10 1940 900 1040 Immigrants by selected place of birth United States 55 535 150 390 26445 12755 13695 Immigrants by selected place of birth Other places of birth in Americas 70 35 35 12640 6000 6645 Immigrants by selected place of birth Europe 1975 1010 965 170930 83890 87040 Immigrants by selected place of birth Bosnia and Herzegovina 45 25 20 3930 1900 2025 Immigrants by selected place of birth Croatia 135 90 45 4110 2075 2030 Immigrants by selected place of birth France 35 15 20 3440 1800 1640 Immigrants by selected place of birth Germany 85 55 30 13520 6475 7040 Immigrants by selected place of birth Greece 40 30 10 2885 1520 1365 Immigrants by selected place of birth Hungary 25 20 0 3705 1895 1810 Immigrants by selected place of birth Ireland 56 20 15 10 3835 2100 1735 Immigrants by selected place of birth Italy 200 120 80 10395 5350 5045 Immigrants by selected place of birth Netherlands 60 35 25 6295 3130 3170 Immigrants by selected place of birth Poland 165 70 95 10480 4885 5595 Immigrants by selected place of birth Portugal 50 40 10 4660 2315 2345 Immigrants by selected place of birth Romania 150 80 75 7110 3450 3665 Immigrants by selected place of birth Russian Federation 20 0 10 8460 3655 4805 Immigrants by selected place of birth Serbia 57 100 50 50 3780 1890 1890 Immigrants by selected place of birth Ukraine 10 0 10 5475 2590 2885 Immigrants by selected place of birth United Kingdom 58 465 200 265 56530 28245 28280 Immigrants by selected place of birth Other places of birth in Europe 375 165 205 22325 10615 11710 Immigrants by selected place of birth Africa 90 40 45 32100 16260 15840 Immigrants by selected place of birth Algeria 0 0 0 430 270 150 Immigrants by selected place of birth Egypt 0 0 0 2110 1135 975 Immigrants by selected place of birth Ethiopia 0 0 0 1665 835 825 Immigrants by selected place of birth Kenya 0 10 0 4065 1875 2185 Immigrants by selected place of birth Morocco 0 0 0 730 385 340 Immigrants by selected place of birth Nigeria 15 10 10 1205 630 575 Immigrants by selected place of birth Somalia 0 10 0 1010 485 530 Immigrants by selected place of birth South Africa; Republic of 25 15 15 8205 4270 3935 Immigrants by selected place of birth Other places of birth in Africa 30 15 20 12685 6370 6325 Immigrants by selected place of birth Asia 985 480 510 697305 319470 377835 Immigrants by selected place of birth Afghanistan 0 0 0 4865 2445 2415 Immigrants by selected place of birth Bangladesh 10 0 0 1865 945 925 Immigrants by selected place of birth China 59 45 15 25 188965 84385 104580 Immigrants by selected place of birth Hong Kong 60 25 10 10 71715 32945 38770 Immigrants by selected place of birth India 260 145 115 125640 61250 64395 Immigrants by selected place of birth Iran 61 10 0 0 35250 17905 17345 Immigrants by selected place of birth Iraq 75 30 45 5215 2660 2555 Immigrants by selected place of birth Japan 0 0 0 10675 3140 7535 Immigrants by selected place of birth Korea; South 62 20 10 10 36860 16745 20115 Immigrants by selected place of birth Lebanon 120 50 65 1860 1040 820 Immigrants by selected place of birth Pakistan 75 35 35 9220 4725 4500 Immigrants by selected place of birth Philippines 75 35 35 96680 40640 56045 Immigrants by selected place of birth Sri Lanka 0 0 10 4155 2160 1995 Immigrants by selected place of birth Syria 63 30 15 20 2315 1170 1140 Immigrants by selected place of birth Taiwan 10 0 0 37430 16850 20570 Immigrants by selected place of birth Viet Nam 110 50 60 24025 11235 12795 Immigrants by selected place of birth Other places of birth in Asia 130 50 75 40565 19235 21325 Immigrants by selected place of birth Oceania and other places of birth 64 25 20 0 23885 11325 12560 Recent immigrants by selected places of birth Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data 54 200 85 115 142535 67095 75440 Recent immigrants by selected places of birth Americas 110 50 60 10090 5115 4980 Recent immigrants by selected places of birth Brazil 0 0 0 960 445 520 Recent immigrants by selected places of birth Colombia 0 0 0 465 220 240 Recent immigrants by selected places of birth Cuba 0 0 0 70 35 30 Recent immigrants by selected places of birth Haiti 0 0 0 15 0 10 Recent immigrants by selected places of birth Jamaica 0 0 0 160 115 45 Recent immigrants by selected places of birth Mexico 65 40 25 2295 1160 1135 Recent immigrants by selected places of birth United States 55 35 10 25 4065 2155 1905 Recent immigrants by selected places of birth Venezuela 65 0 0 0 220 100 115 Recent immigrants by selected places of birth Other places of birth in Americas 0 0 0 1855 875 975 Recent immigrants by selected places of birth Europe 15 10 10 13610 7015 6595 Recent immigrants by selected places of birth France 0 0 0 790 415 370 Recent immigrants by selected places of birth Germany 10 0 10 775 450 320 Recent immigrants by selected places of birth Ireland 56 0 0 0 1210 760 450 Recent immigrants by selected places of birth Moldova 66 0 0 0 200 110 90 Recent immigrants by selected places of birth Romania 0 0 0 545 240 305 Recent immigrants by selected places of birth Russian Federation 0 0 0 1410 500 905 Recent immigrants by selected places of birth Ukraine 0 0 0 945 380 570 Recent immigrants by selected places of birth United Kingdom 58 0 0 0 3850 2235 1625 Recent immigrants by selected places of birth Other places of birth in Europe 0 0 10 3895 1935 1960 Recent immigrants by selected places of birth Africa 10 0 10 4355 2280 2070 Recent immigrants by selected places of birth Algeria 0 0 0 55 35 20 Recent immigrants by selected places of birth Cameroon 0 0 0 50 20 35 Recent immigrants by selected places of birth Congo; Democratic Republic of the 0 0 0 115 70 45 Recent immigrants by selected places of birth Côte d'Ivoire 0 0 0 10 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected places of birth Egypt 0 0 0 510 280 235 Recent immigrants by selected places of birth Eritrea 0 0 0 295 165 130 Recent immigrants by selected places of birth Ethiopia 0 0 0 250 140 115 Recent immigrants by selected places of birth Morocco 0 0 0 115 60 55 Recent immigrants by selected places of birth Nigeria 0 0 0 370 185 190 Recent immigrants by selected places of birth Somalia 0 0 0 350 145 205 Recent immigrants by selected places of birth South Africa; Republic of 0 0 0 850 475 375 Recent immigrants by selected places of birth Tunisia 0 0 0 70 30 45 Recent immigrants by selected places of birth Other places of birth in Africa 0 0 0 1300 685 620 Recent immigrants by selected places of birth Asia 70 30 40 112400 51560 60835 Recent immigrants by selected places of birth Afghanistan 0 0 0 855 450 405 Recent immigrants by selected places of birth Bangladesh 0 0 0 385 180 205 Recent immigrants by selected places of birth China 59 10 0 0 35890 16010 19885 Recent immigrants by selected places of birth Hong Kong 60 0 0 0 1695 710 985 Recent immigrants by selected places of birth India 35 20 15 21375 10690 10685 Recent immigrants by selected places of birth Iran 61 0 0 0 8315 4160 4155 Recent immigrants by selected places of birth Iraq 10 0 10 1850 910 940 Recent immigrants by selected places of birth Israel 0 0 0 300 170 130 Recent immigrants by selected places of birth Japan 0 0 0 1850 465 1385 Recent immigrants by selected places of birth Korea; South 62 0 0 0 6640 2860 3775 Recent immigrants by selected places of birth Lebanon 10 10 10 210 110 100 Recent immigrants by selected places of birth Nepal 0 0 0 215 90 125 Recent immigrants by selected places of birth Pakistan 0 0 0 1665 835 830 Recent immigrants by selected places of birth Philippines 0 0 0 20200 9055 11145 Recent immigrants by selected places of birth Saudi Arabia 0 0 0 330 150 185 Recent immigrants by selected places of birth Sri Lanka 0 0 0 455 225 230 Recent immigrants by selected places of birth Syria 63 0 0 0 1785 900 885 Recent immigrants by selected places of birth Taiwan 0 0 0 2330 910 1420 Recent immigrants by selected places of birth Turkey 0 0 0 365 205 165 Recent immigrants by selected places of birth United Arab Emirates 0 0 0 335 175 160 Recent immigrants by selected places of birth Viet Nam 0 0 0 1510 595 915 Recent immigrants by selected places of birth Other places of birth in Asia 15 0 10 3840 1700 2145 Recent immigrants by selected places of birth Oceania and other 64 0 0 0 2070 1120 955 Recent immigrants by selected places of birth Australia 0 0 0 1135 605 530 Recent immigrants by selected places of birth Other places of birth 67 0 0 0 935 510 425 Generation status Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data 68 36365 18320 18040 2426235 1185400 1240830 Generation status First generation 69 4230 2015 2215 1085610 508765 576845 Generation status Second generation 70 6540 3265 3270 607585 307920 299665 Generation status Third generation or more 71 25595 13035 12555 733040 368715 364320 Admission category and applicant type Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data 72 2270 1010 1260 794150 368155 425990 Admission category and applicant type Economic immigrants 73 900 460 440 461955 221655 240300 Admission category and applicant type Principal applicants 74 340 240 100 176950 104335 72615 Admission category and applicant type Secondary applicants 75 560 225 335 285005 117320 167685 Admission category and applicant type Immigrants sponsored by family 76 945 315 625 249920 103575 146345 Admission category and applicant type Refugees 77 405 220 180 71115 37975 33145 Admission category and applicant type Other immigrants 78 20 10 15 11160 4955 6205 Aboriginal population Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data 79 36365 18320 18045 2426235 1185405 1240835 Aboriginal population Aboriginal identity 80 1030 530 500 61455 29075 32380 Aboriginal population Single Aboriginal responses 81 995 515 480 59600 28200 31400 Aboriginal population First Nations (North American Indian) 82 255 130 120 35770 16870 18895 Aboriginal population Métis 745 380 360 23430 11150 12280 Aboriginal population Inuk (Inuit) 0 0 0 400 180 220 Aboriginal population Multiple Aboriginal responses 83 15 0 15 1065 505 560 Aboriginal population Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere 84 20 10 10 795 375 420 Aboriginal population Non-Aboriginal identity 35330 17790 17540 2364775 1156330 1208455 Aboriginal population Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data 85 36360 18320 18040 2426230 1185400 1240830 Aboriginal population Registered or Treaty Indian 86 185 105 80 24115 11160 12950 Aboriginal population Not a Registered or Treaty Indian 36180 18215 17965 2402120 1174240 1227880 Aboriginal population Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data 87 36365 18320 18040 2426235 1185400 1240830 Aboriginal population Aboriginal ancestry (only) 88 75 40 40 13620 6545 7070 Aboriginal population Single Aboriginal ancestry (only) 89 80 40 40 13305 6385 6925 Aboriginal population First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry 82 45 25 25 10895 5120 5770 Aboriginal population Métis single ancestry 30 15 15 2265 1190 1075 Aboriginal population Inuit single ancestry 0 0 0 150 75 75 Aboriginal population Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only) 90 0 0 0 310 155 155 Aboriginal population First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries 0 0 0 285 145 145 Aboriginal population First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries 0 0 0 20 15 0 Aboriginal population Métis and Inuit ancestries 0 0 0 10 0 0 Aboriginal population First Nations (North American Indian); Métis and Inuit ancestries 0 0 0 0 0 0 Aboriginal population Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries 91 1675 845 825 61085 29110 31980 Aboriginal population Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries 92 1645 825 820 58700 28025 30675 Aboriginal population First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries 930 455 470 38750 18490 20255 Aboriginal population Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries 715 365 345 19600 9360 10230 Aboriginal population Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries 0 0 0 355 170 180 Aboriginal population Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries 93 35 25 10 2385 1085 1305 Aboriginal population First Nations (North American Indian); Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries 30 20 15 2305 1065 1235 Aboriginal population First Nations (North American Indian); Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries 0 0 0 30 10 25 Aboriginal population Métis; Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries 0 0 0 30 10 20 Aboriginal population First Nations (North American Indian); Métis; Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries 0 0 0 20 10 15 Aboriginal population Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only) 94 34610 17435 17180 2351530 1149745 1201780 Visible minority population Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data 95 36365 18320 18040 2426235 1185400 1240835 Visible minority population Total visible minority population 96 2105 1120 985 1185680 565020 620665 Visible minority population South Asian 97 640 370 265 291005 145540 145460 Visible minority population Chinese 160 85 70 474655 221985 252670 Visible minority population Black 345 180 165 29830 15460 14375 Visible minority population Filipino 160 85 75 123170 54260 68910 Visible minority population Latin American 85 45 45 34805 16485 18315 Visible minority population Arab 275 130 140 16430 8800 7635 Visible minority population Southeast Asian 98 215 105 110 44905 21400 23505 Visible minority population West Asian 99 0 0 0 46010 23450 22555 Visible minority population Korean 30 20 15 52980 24465 28515 Visible minority population Japanese 20 10 10 30110 12575 17530 Visible minority population Visible minority; n.i.e. 100 65 30 40 6490 3160 3325 Visible minority population Multiple visible minorities 101 105 55 50 35295 17420 17870 Visible minority population Not a visible minority 102 34260 17205 17060 1240555 620380 620175 Ethnic origin population Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data 103 36365 18320 18045 2426235 1185400 1240830 Ethnic origin population North American Aboriginal origins 1750 885 870 74700 35650 39050 Ethnic origin population First Nations (North American Indian) 1005 505 500 52310 24845 27460 Ethnic origin population Inuit 0 0 0 600 275 325 Ethnic origin population Métis 780 400 375 24510 11775 12730 Ethnic origin population Other North American origins 13555 6815 6740 353945 177115 176825 Ethnic origin population Acadian 10 10 10 1520 770 745 Ethnic origin population American 475 200 280 32115 15550 16565 Ethnic origin population Canadian 13280 6710 6570 331205 166010 165195 Ethnic origin population New Brunswicker 0 10 0 0 0 10 Ethnic origin population Newfoundlander 15 10 0 660 370 290 Ethnic origin population Nova Scotian 0 0 0 75 40 35 Ethnic origin population Ontarian 0 0 0 40 25 10 Ethnic origin population Québécois 15 10 0 745 435 310 Ethnic origin population Other North American origins; n.i.e. 104 0 0 0 170 75 85 Ethnic origin population European origins 28100 14080 14020 1195190 593595 601590 Ethnic origin population British Isles origins 15195 7410 7785 763525 379940 383585 Ethnic origin population Channel Islander 0 0 0 160 90 65 Ethnic origin population Cornish 0 0 0 245 125 120 Ethnic origin population English 8640 4145 4495 470340 232230 238115 Ethnic origin population Irish 6505 3100 3405 275360 132535 142820 Ethnic origin population Manx 0 0 0 770 365 405 Ethnic origin population Scottish 5510 2670 2840 341075 167685 173385 Ethnic origin population Welsh 355 215 140 44930 21725 23205 Ethnic origin population British Isles origins; n.i.e. 105 515 255 260 55700 27505 28190 Ethnic origin population French origins 12765 6290 6475 147840 71175 76660 Ethnic origin population Alsatian 0 0 0 110 50 60 Ethnic origin population Breton 0 0 0 45 15 30 Ethnic origin population Corsican 0 0 0 75 35 40 Ethnic origin population French 12765 6290 6480 147710 71115 76595 Ethnic origin population Western European origins (except French origins) 6190 3070 3115 312330 154110 158220 Ethnic origin population Austrian 105 50 50 21255 10070 11185 Ethnic origin population Bavarian 0 0 0 80 45 35 Ethnic origin population Belgian 515 275 240 8205 4065 4140 Ethnic origin population Dutch 1305 670 640 77640 38350 39290 Ethnic origin population Flemish 0 0 10 955 490 465 Ethnic origin population Frisian 15 10 10 200 65 130 Ethnic origin population German 4380 2120 2260 222030 109675 112350 Ethnic origin population Luxembourger 0 0 0 325 175 150 Ethnic origin population Swiss 140 70 70 11345 5720 5625 Ethnic origin population Western European origins; n.i.e. 106 0 0 0 450 200 255 Ethnic origin population Northern European origins (except British Isles origins) 535 250 280 130095 62655 67445 Ethnic origin population Danish 170 85 85 23020 11200 11825 Ethnic origin population Finnish 125 50 75 14085 6670 7420 Ethnic origin population Icelandic 20 10 10 11055 5475 5585 Ethnic origin population Norwegian 125 75 50 49330 24045 25290 Ethnic origin population Swedish 100 25 75 40690 18725 21965 Ethnic origin population Northern European origins; n.i.e. 107 15 10 10 5320 2710 2610 Ethnic origin population Eastern European origins 4520 2215 2305 256185 124165 132015 Ethnic origin population Bulgarian 15 10 10 2940 1365 1575 Ethnic origin population Byelorussian 0 0 0 1825 940 880 Ethnic origin population Czech 225 95 130 11710 5670 6040 Ethnic origin population Czechoslovakian; n.o.s. 108 90 40 50 2560 1315 1250 Ethnic origin population Estonian 0 0 0 2545 1175 1370 Ethnic origin population Hungarian 730 415 320 25855 12720 13140 Ethnic origin population Latvian 0 0 0 2455 1260 1195 Ethnic origin population Lithuanian 65 45 20 4160 2000 2160 Ethnic origin population Moldovan 0 0 0 720 340 375 Ethnic origin population Polish 1510 755 755 70590 33860 36725 Ethnic origin population Romanian 525 260 260 17485 8455 9030 Ethnic origin population Russian 400 190 205 58535 27690 30845 Ethnic origin population Slovak 385 165 225 6345 2945 3400 Ethnic origin population Ukrainian 1380 660 715 94400 46150 48250 Ethnic origin population Eastern European origins; n.i.e. 109 25 0 20 2235 1010 1220 Ethnic origin population Southern European origins 5470 2825 2645 196300 97515 98785 Ethnic origin population Albanian 110 50 60 1330 665 665 Ethnic origin population Bosnian 35 20 15 2675 1315 1360 Ethnic origin population Catalan 0 0 0 65 55 10 Ethnic origin population Croatian 450 230 225 15665 8095 7570 Ethnic origin population Cypriot 0 0 0 345 195 155 Ethnic origin population Greek 285 130 160 16085 8280 7810 Ethnic origin population Italian 3230 1670 1565 87875 44495 43380 Ethnic origin population Kosovar 0 0 0 170 85 85 Ethnic origin population Macedonian 365 190 170 865 475 390 Ethnic origin population Maltese 110 65 40 1185 655 535 Ethnic origin population Montenegrin 0 0 0 600 285 315 Ethnic origin population Portuguese 290 150 140 24575 12050 12525 Ethnic origin population Serbian 445 250 195 10160 5285 4875 Ethnic origin population Sicilian 15 0 10 210 135 80 Ethnic origin population Slovenian 75 20 55 3050 1475 1575 Ethnic origin population Spanish 145 70 75 43985 20385 23605 Ethnic origin population Yugoslavian; n.o.s. 110 160 75 80 3275 1470 1805 Ethnic origin population Southern European origins; n.i.e. 111 25 10 10 230 105 125 Ethnic origin population Other European origins 125 50 70 18865 9790 9075 Ethnic origin population Basque 0 0 0 470 275 195 Ethnic origin population Jewish 20 0 15 11230 5795 5430 Ethnic origin population Roma (Gypsy) 0 0 0 325 120 205 Ethnic origin population Slavic; n.o.s. 112 0 0 0 510 250 255 Ethnic origin population Other European origins; n.i.e. 113 100 45 55 6465 3400 3065 Ethnic origin population Caribbean origins 180 95 90 16395 8195 8200 Ethnic origin population Antiguan 0 10 0 135 65 70 Ethnic origin population Bahamian 0 0 0 160 90 70 Ethnic origin population Barbadian 0 0 0 1310 690 615 Ethnic origin population Bermudan 0 0 0 155 70 85 Ethnic origin population Carib 0 0 0 60 40 25 Ethnic origin population Cuban 10 10 10 870 445 430 Ethnic origin population Dominican 0 0 0 535 250 285 Ethnic origin population Grenadian 0 0 0 280 155 130 Ethnic origin population Guadeloupean 0 0 0 10 10 10 Ethnic origin population Haitian 15 10 10 635 290 345 Ethnic origin population Jamaican 65 40 25 6455 3370 3090 Ethnic origin population Kittitian/Nevisian 0 0 0 100 50 45 Ethnic origin population Martinican 0 0 0 20 0 15 Ethnic origin population Montserratan 0 0 0 20 10 10 Ethnic origin population Puerto Rican 0 0 0 280 115 165 Ethnic origin population St. Lucian 0 0 0 120 55 65 Ethnic origin population Trinidadian/Tobagonian 50 20 35 3120 1555 1565 Ethnic origin population Vincentian/Grenadinian 0 0 0 325 145 180 Ethnic origin population West Indian; n.o.s. 114 20 0 20 1440 655 785 Ethnic origin population Caribbean origins; n.i.e. 115 0 0 0 1480 710 770 Ethnic origin population Latin; Central and South American origins 305 140 165 49105 23700 25400 Ethnic origin population Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya) 10 0 0 1790 935 860 Ethnic origin population Arawak 0 0 0 60 25 30 Ethnic origin population Argentinian 30 20 10 1360 610 745 Ethnic origin population Belizean 0 0 0 35 20 15 Ethnic origin population Bolivian 0 0 0 185 60 130 Ethnic origin population Brazilian 15 10 0 4060 1830 2235 Ethnic origin population Chilean 25 10 20 3840 1840 2000 Ethnic origin population Colombian 30 15 20 4600 2240 2355 Ethnic origin population Costa Rican 0 0 0 455 230 235 Ethnic origin population Ecuadorian 0 0 0 740 355 385 Ethnic origin population Guatemalan 0 0 0 1990 1050 940 Ethnic origin population Guyanese 50 15 35 1240 635 605 Ethnic origin population Hispanic 15 10 10 1205 575 630 Ethnic origin population Honduran 0 0 0 1115 585 535 Ethnic origin population Maya 0 0 0 625 335 285 Ethnic origin population Mexican 95 50 50 15115 7170 7945 Ethnic origin population Nicaraguan 15 10 0 1060 485 570 Ethnic origin population Panamanian 0 0 0 190 100 90 Ethnic origin population Paraguayan 0 0 0 280 145 135 Ethnic origin population Peruvian 0 0 0 3100 1435 1665 Ethnic origin population Salvadorean 10 0 10 5310 2690 2620 Ethnic origin population Uruguayan 0 0 0 285 150 130 Ethnic origin population Venezuelan 0 0 0 1555 750 805 Ethnic origin population Latin; Central and South American origins; n.i.e. 116 15 0 10 2445 1205 1245 Ethnic origin population African origins 220 115 105 40670 20875 19795 Ethnic origin population Central and West African origins 75 40 30 4965 2665 2300 Ethnic origin population Akan 0 0 0 30 20 10 Ethnic origin population Angolan 0 0 0 55 30 25 Ethnic origin population Ashanti 0 0 0 65 20 40 Ethnic origin population Beninese 0 0 0 30 15 15 Ethnic origin population Burkinabe 0 0 0 20 15 0 Ethnic origin population Cameroonian 10 0 0 90 50 40 Ethnic origin population Chadian 0 0 0 10 0 10 Ethnic origin population Congolese 20 15 10 680 355 320 Ethnic origin population Edo 0 0 0 60 40 15 Ethnic origin population Ewe 0 0 0 55 25 30 Ethnic origin population Gabonese 0 0 0 10 0 10 Ethnic origin population Gambian 0 0 0 20 10 10 Ethnic origin population Ghanaian 0 0 0 1270 705 565 Ethnic origin population Guinean 0 0 0 120 45 80 Ethnic origin population Ibo 0 0 0 200 115 85 Ethnic origin population Ivorian 0 0 0 45 30 15 Ethnic origin population Liberian 0 0 0 205 90 110 Ethnic origin population Malian 0 0 0 20 15 0 Ethnic origin population Malinké 0 0 0 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Nigerian 20 20 10 1680 925 755 Ethnic origin population Peulh 0 0 0 25 0 20 Ethnic origin population Senegalese 0 0 0 50 35 15 Ethnic origin population Sierra Leonean 0 0 0 90 45 50 Ethnic origin population Togolese 0 0 0 80 45 35 Ethnic origin population Wolof 0 0 0 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Yoruba 25 10 15 130 70 60 Ethnic origin population Central and West African origins; n.i.e. 117 0 0 0 400 195 210 Ethnic origin population North African origins 15 0 0 7325 3840 3485 Ethnic origin population Algerian 0 0 0 615 360 255 Ethnic origin population Berber 0 0 0 185 115 70 Ethnic origin population Coptic 0 0 0 120 70 55 Ethnic origin population Dinka 0 0 0 15 10 15 Ethnic origin population Egyptian 10 10 0 3405 1780 1625 Ethnic origin population Libyan 0 0 0 210 145 60 Ethnic origin population Maure 0 0 0 105 40 65 Ethnic origin population Moroccan 0 0 0 1480 780 695 Ethnic origin population Sudanese 0 0 0 940 405 535 Ethnic origin population Tunisian 0 0 0 380 205 170 Ethnic origin population North African origins; n.i.e. 118 0 0 0 165 105 65 Ethnic origin population Southern and East African origins 40 25 15 17295 8745 8555 Ethnic origin population Afrikaner 0 0 0 365 175 190 Ethnic origin population Amhara 0 0 0 110 60 50 Ethnic origin population Bantu; n.o.s. 119 0 0 0 240 125 110 Ethnic origin population Burundian 0 0 0 195 85 110 Ethnic origin population Djiboutian 0 0 0 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Eritrean 10 10 10 950 505 445 Ethnic origin population Ethiopian 0 0 0 2020 1060 960 Ethnic origin population Harari 0 0 0 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Kenyan 0 0 0 1170 570 605 Ethnic origin population Malagasy 0 0 0 80 50 30 Ethnic origin population Mauritian 0 0 0 755 420 340 Ethnic origin population Oromo 0 0 0 120 70 50 Ethnic origin population Rwandan 0 0 0 305 170 140 Ethnic origin population Seychellois 0 0 0 15 10 0 Ethnic origin population Somali 10 10 0 2110 1015 1090 Ethnic origin population South African 20 10 10 6485 3300 3180 Ethnic origin population Tanzanian 0 0 0 425 170 250 Ethnic origin population Tigrian 0 0 0 185 95 85 Ethnic origin population Ugandan 0 0 0 595 300 300 Ethnic origin population Zambian 0 0 0 120 60 55 Ethnic origin population Zimbabwean 0 0 0 565 290 275 Ethnic origin population Zulu 0 0 0 60 25 35 Ethnic origin population Southern and East African origins; n.i.e. 120 0 0 0 1390 690 695 Ethnic origin population Other African origins 105 40 60 11690 5945 5740 Ethnic origin population Black; n.o.s. 121 30 15 15 1460 750 710 Ethnic origin population Other African origins; n.i.e. 122 70 25 40 10320 5240 5080 Ethnic origin population Asian origins 2310 1245 1065 1128155 536680 591475 Ethnic origin population West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins 1005 520 485 86090 44390 41700 Ethnic origin population Afghan 0 0 0 7505 3790 3715 Ethnic origin population Arab; n.o.s. 123 45 10 30 4655 2510 2145 Ethnic origin population Armenian 80 40 40 2845 1455 1390 Ethnic origin population Assyrian 25 25 0 450 245 210 Ethnic origin population Azerbaijani 10 0 0 890 510 375 Ethnic origin population Georgian 0 0 0 550 285 260 Ethnic origin population Hazara 0 0 0 55 30 25 Ethnic origin population Iranian 25 10 20 44355 22490 21865 Ethnic origin population Iraqi 140 60 80 5205 2635 2565 Ethnic origin population Israeli 15 0 15 2070 1105 970 Ethnic origin population Jordanian 0 0 0 590 310 275 Ethnic origin population Kazakh 0 0 0 275 175 100 Ethnic origin population Kurd 10 0 0 1980 1075 900 Ethnic origin population Kuwaiti 10 0 0 105 70 35 Ethnic origin population Kyrgyz 0 0 0 155 85 65 Ethnic origin population Lebanese 520 300 220 5320 2830 2490 Ethnic origin population Palestinian 25 10 20 2245 1190 1060 Ethnic origin population Pashtun 0 0 0 325 190 135 Ethnic origin population Saudi Arabian 0 0 0 545 320 225 Ethnic origin population Syrian 55 20 35 2780 1340 1445 Ethnic origin population Tajik 0 0 0 240 120 120 Ethnic origin population Tatar 0 0 0 650 325 325 Ethnic origin population Turk 125 60 65 5185 2865 2325 Ethnic origin population Turkmen 0 0 0 70 50 30 Ethnic origin population Uighur 0 0 0 95 50 55 Ethnic origin population Uzbek 0 0 0 245 135 110 Ethnic origin population Yemeni 0 0 0 255 160 95 Ethnic origin population West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins; n.i.e. 124 15 10 10 2135 1105 1030 Ethnic origin population South Asian origins 645 370 275 287905 143920 143985 Ethnic origin population Bangladeshi 0 0 0 1510 745 760 Ethnic origin population Bengali 0 0 0 755 350 405 Ethnic origin population Bhutanese 0 0 0 95 55 45 Ethnic origin population East Indian 585 330 255 243135 121175 121960 Ethnic origin population Goan 0 0 0 315 155 155 Ethnic origin population Gujarati 0 0 0 615 300 320 Ethnic origin population Kashmiri 0 0 0 150 75 75 Ethnic origin population Nepali 0 0 0 1155 555 600 Ethnic origin population Pakistani 100 60 40 10820 5610 5210 Ethnic origin population Punjabi 30 25 0 30670 15525 15145 Ethnic origin population Sinhalese 0 0 0 525 290 235 Ethnic origin population Sri Lankan 10 0 0 5070 2660 2410 Ethnic origin population Tamil 0 0 0 1055 575 475 Ethnic origin population South Asian origins; n.i.e. 125 0 0 0 7200 3545 3655 Ethnic origin population East and Southeast Asian origins 680 360 315 759855 351250 408605 Ethnic origin population Burmese 0 0 0 1965 1000 965 Ethnic origin population Cambodian (Khmer) 25 10 15 2510 1200 1310 Ethnic origin population Chinese 265 145 115 499175 234015 265160 Ethnic origin population Filipino 165 90 70 133925 59375 74555 Ethnic origin population Hmong 0 0 0 115 55 60 Ethnic origin population Indonesian 0 0 0 4935 2360 2575 Ethnic origin population Japanese 40 20 20 37630 16285 21345 Ethnic origin population Karen 0 0 0 890 445 440 Ethnic origin population Korean 30 20 15 55505 25715 29785 Ethnic origin population Laotian 50 30 15 1775 865 905 Ethnic origin population Malaysian 0 0 0 4235 1955 2275 Ethnic origin population Mongolian 10 10 0 1000 485 520 Ethnic origin population Singaporean 0 0 0 900 420 475 Ethnic origin population Taiwanese 0 0 0 20340 9315 11025 Ethnic origin population Thai 20 10 10 3330 1300 2030 Ethnic origin population Tibetan 0 0 0 450 235 215 Ethnic origin population Vietnamese 175 90 85 34915 17065 17850 Ethnic origin population East and Southeast Asian origins; n.i.e. 126 0 0 0 625 265 365 Ethnic origin population Other Asian origins 0 0 0 1805 910 890 Ethnic origin population Other Asian origins; n.i.e. 127 0 0 0 1800 910 890 Ethnic origin population Oceania origins 50 45 10 26815 13345 13470 Ethnic origin population Australian 15 10 0 8360 4365 3990 Ethnic origin population New Zealander 10 10 10 3340 1695 1645 Ethnic origin population Pacific Islands origins 25 20 0 15550 7525 8030 Ethnic origin population Fijian 0 0 0 13080 6375 6705 Ethnic origin population Hawaiian 25 20 10 865 370 495 Ethnic origin population Maori 0 0 0 565 320 245 Ethnic origin population Polynesian; n.o.s. 128 0 0 0 340 145 200 Ethnic origin population Samoan 0 0 0 245 130 120 Ethnic origin population Pacific Islands origins; n.i.e. 129 0 0 0 675 325 355 Household characteristics Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data 130 13185 ... ... 960895 ... ... Household characteristics Owner 11985 ... ... 612005 ... ... Household characteristics Renter 1200 ... ... 348700 ... ... Household characteristics Band housing 0 ... ... 190 ... ... Household characteristics Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data 131 13185 ... ... 960890 ... ... Household characteristics Condominium 135 ... ... 293765 ... ... Household characteristics Not condominium 13045 ... ... 667130 ... ... Household characteristics Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data 132 13185 ... ... 960895 ... ... Household characteristics No bedrooms 20 ... ... 17180 ... ... Household characteristics 1 bedroom 345 ... ... 208400 ... ... Household characteristics 2 bedrooms 2035 ... ... 259450 ... ... Household characteristics 3 bedrooms 5940 ... ... 215335 ... ... Household characteristics 4 or more bedrooms 4845 ... ... 260530 ... ... Household characteristics Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data 133 13185 ... ... 960895 ... ... Household characteristics 1 to 4 rooms 950 ... ... 413395 ... ... Household characteristics 5 rooms 1370 ... ... 129200 ... ... Household characteristics 6 rooms 1950 ... ... 100705 ... ... Household characteristics 7 rooms 2150 ... ... 83140 ... ... Household characteristics 8 or more rooms 6765 ... ... 234455 ... ... Household characteristics Average number of rooms per dwelling 7.8 ... ... 5.6 ... ... Household characteristics Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data 134 13185 ... ... 960895 ... ... Household characteristics One person or fewer per room 13125 ... ... 927685 ... ... Household characteristics More than 1 person per room 60 ... ... 33210 ... ... Household characteristics Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data 135 13185 ... ... 960895 ... ... Household characteristics Suitable 12880 ... ... 890530 ... ... Household characteristics Not suitable 305 ... ... 70365 ... ... Household characteristics Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data 136 13185 ... ... 960895 ... ... Household characteristics 1960 or before 2910 ... ... 128710 ... ... Household characteristics 1961 to 1980 3090 ... ... 253840 ... ... Household characteristics 1981 to 1990 1130 ... ... 151755 ... ... Household characteristics 1991 to 2000 2290 ... ... 171550 ... ... Household characteristics 2001 to 2005 1720 ... ... 71265 ... ... Household characteristics 2006 to 2010 1105 ... ... 95905 ... ... Household characteristics 2011 to 2016 137 945 ... ... 87860 ... ... Household characteristics Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data 138 13185 ... ... 960895 ... ... Household characteristics Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed 12365 ... ... 906230 ... ... Household characteristics Major repairs needed 825 ... ... 54665 ... ... Household characteristics Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data 139 13185 ... ... 960890 ... ... Household characteristics 1 household maintainer 6725 ... ... 555795 ... ... Household characteristics 2 household maintainers 6360 ... ... 364605 ... ... Household characteristics 3 or more household maintainers 100 ... ... 40495 ... ... Household characteristics Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data 140 13185 ... ... 960895 ... ... Household characteristics 15 to 24 years 85 ... ... 30215 ... ... Household characteristics 25 to 34 years 1200 ... ... 142600 ... ... Household characteristics 35 to 44 years 2585 ... ... 171450 ... ... Household characteristics 45 to 54 years 3260 ... ... 209675 ... ... Household characteristics 55 to 64 years 2920 ... ... 188785 ... ... Household characteristics 65 to 74 years 2005 ... ... 126445 ... ... Household characteristics 75 to 84 years 860 ... ... 66030 ... ... Household characteristics 85 years and over 275 ... ... 25700 ... ... Household characteristics Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero; in non-farm; non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data 141 12850 ... ... 953380 ... ... Household characteristics Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs 11190 ... ... 648420 ... ... Household characteristics Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs 1655 ... ... 304955 ... ... Household characteristics 30% to less than 100% 1455 ... ... 240995 ... ... Household characteristics Total - Owner households in non-farm; non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data 11675 ... ... 608080 ... ... Household characteristics % of owner households with a mortgage 142 62.4 ... ... 60.3 ... ... Household characteristics % of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs 141 10.9 ... ... 25.4 ... ... Household characteristics Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($) 143 1197 ... ... 1376 ... ... Household characteristics Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($) 143 1295 ... ... 1622 ... ... Household characteristics Median value of dwellings ($) 144 296386 ... ... 800220 ... ... Household characteristics Average value of dwellings ($) 144 331453 ... ... 1005920 ... ... Household characteristics Total - Tenant households in non-farm; non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data 1195 ... ... 347220 ... ... Household characteristics % of tenant households in subsidized housing 145 5.0 ... ... 13.1 ... ... Household characteristics % of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs 141 32.5 ... ... 43.5 ... ... Household characteristics Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($) 143 844 ... ... 1136 ... ... Household characteristics Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($) 143 889 ... ... 1242 ... ... Highest certificate; diploma or degree Total - Highest certificate; diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data 146 29380 14670 14715 2064615 998830 1065780 Highest certificate; diploma or degree No certificate; diploma or degree 4625 2480 2150 287140 139610 147525 Highest certificate; diploma or degree Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate 147 8910 4410 4500 589945 288420 301520 Highest certificate; diploma or degree Postsecondary certificate; diploma or degree 15845 7785 8065 1187535 570805 616735 Highest certificate; diploma or degree Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma 2315 1790 525 133015 94640 38380 Highest certificate; diploma or degree Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification 148 870 540 330 61205 35085 26125 Highest certificate; diploma or degree Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification 149 1445 1255 190 71810 59560 12255 Highest certificate; diploma or degree College; CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma 7205 3150 4050 345285 145135 200145 Highest certificate; diploma or degree University certificate or diploma below bachelor level 480 230 245 77850 32950 44900 Highest certificate; diploma or degree University certificate; diploma or degree at bachelor level or above 5850 2605 3240 631385 298080 333305 Highest certificate; diploma or degree Bachelor's degree 3985 1685 2305 415805 191250 224555 Highest certificate; diploma or degree University certificate or diploma above bachelor level 545 220 330 44855 18920 25935 Highest certificate; diploma or degree Degree in medicine; dentistry; veterinary medicine or optometry 240 140 100 18130 9810 8320 Highest certificate; diploma or degree Master's degree 980 525 455 129655 63870 65785 Highest certificate; diploma or degree Earned doctorate 150 95 45 50 22935 14225 8710 Highest certificate; diploma or degree Total - Highest certificate; diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data 146 19480 9625 9855 1392440 671965 720470 Highest certificate; diploma or degree No certificate; diploma or degree 1500 850 645 111570 58090 53480 Highest certificate; diploma or degree Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate 147 5505 2790 2715 339185 168975 170210 Highest certificate; diploma or degree Postsecondary certificate; diploma or degree 12475 5985 6495 941680 444900 496780 Highest certificate; diploma or degree Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma 1610 1285 320 93815 67360 26455 Highest certificate; diploma or degree Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification 148 580 380 205 43160 24930 18230 Highest certificate; diploma or degree Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification 149 1030 910 120 50650 42425 8225 Highest certificate; diploma or degree College; CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma 5695 2450 3250 267625 112740 154880 Highest certificate; diploma or degree University certificate or diploma below bachelor level 355 170 185 58545 24490 34055 Highest certificate; diploma or degree University certificate; diploma or degree at bachelor level or above 4810 2075 2740 521700 240315 281385 Highest certificate; diploma or degree Bachelor's degree 3285 1335 1945 342235 154945 187290 Highest certificate; diploma or degree University certificate or diploma above bachelor level 440 165 275 35945 14735 21210 Highest certificate; diploma or degree Degree in medicine; dentistry; veterinary medicine or optometry 205 120 85 14490 7215 7280 Highest certificate; diploma or degree Master's degree 810 420 390 111335 53025 58305 Highest certificate; diploma or degree Earned doctorate 150 70 25 45 17695 10395 7300 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data 151 29380 14670 14715 2064610 998830 1065780 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 No postsecondary certificate; diploma or degree 152 13535 6885 6650 877080 428030 449050 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 Education 1050 215 845 69880 15410 54465 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 13. Education 1055 215 845 69880 15415 54465 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 Visual and performing arts; and communications technologies 280 110 165 67210 31005 36200 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services 10 15 0 11495 8715 2780 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 50. Visual and performing arts 265 100 165 55710 22295 33420 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 Humanities 630 265 365 79940 30295 49650 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 16. Aboriginal and foreign languages; literatures and linguistics 50 10 45 11125 2575 8545 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 23. English language and literature/letters 135 60 75 22630 7010 15625 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 24. Liberal arts and sciences; general studies and humanities 155 80 80 24845 9590 15260 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 30A Interdisciplinary humanities 153 10 0 0 345 135 210 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 38. Philosophy and religious studies 40 15 25 4010 2390 1620 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 39. Theology and religious vocations 50 25 30 5345 3190 2160 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 54. History 120 75 55 9335 4975 4360 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 55. French language and literature/letters 65 10 60 2305 430 1870 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 Social and behavioural sciences and law 1730 550 1185 155565 57725 97840 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 05. Area; ethnic; cultural; gender; and group studies 0 0 10 2610 690 1925 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 09. Communication; journalism and related programs 145 90 60 16575 5980 10595 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences 385 20 370 19095 1740 17350 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 22. Legal professions and studies 285 100 180 24595 9275 15320 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences 154 35 0 30 2635 775 1860 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 42. Psychology 345 70 270 26775 7545 19235 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 45. Social sciences 530 260 270 63280 31730 31550 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 Business; management and public administration 2850 1140 1710 260400 112020 148380 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 30.16 Accounting and computer science 10 0 10 415 130 290 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 44. Public administration and social service professions 280 40 245 10235 2470 7765 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 52. Business; management; marketing and related support services 2550 1090 1460 249745 109420 140320 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 Physical and life sciences and technologies 475 200 280 55940 29305 26640 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 26. Biological and biomedical sciences 165 45 120 22715 10225 12490 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 30.01 Biological and physical sciences 135 60 75 13390 6570 6820 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences 155 0 0 0 635 160 470 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 40. Physical sciences 130 85 45 17610 11790 5815 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 41. Science technologies/technicians 45 0 35 1600 565 1035 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 Mathematics; computer and information sciences 465 305 160 56690 37010 19680 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 11. Computer and information sciences and support services 395 270 125 44920 31725 13190 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 25. Library science 15 10 10 3210 480 2725 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 27. Mathematics and statistics 55 25 25 7975 4430 3550 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 30D Interdisciplinary mathematics; computer and information sciences 156 0 0 0 595 375 215 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 Architecture; engineering; and related technologies 4010 3795 210 211910 186360 25555 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 04. Architecture and related services 80 65 15 11380 7200 4185 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 14. Engineering 580 515 60 74080 59710 14370 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields 805 715 90 33830 29890 3940 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 30.12 Historic preservation and conservation 0 0 0 35 25 15 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 46. Construction trades 735 730 0 39190 37980 1215 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians 825 805 20 35810 34715 1095 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 48. Precision production 985 965 20 17580 16840 745 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 Agriculture; natural resources and conservation 280 155 125 16890 9535 7355 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 01. Agriculture; agriculture operations and related sciences 195 120 75 10385 5480 4905 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 03. Natural resources and conservation 90 40 55 6505 4060 2450 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 Health and related fields 2920 545 2375 159905 36460 123445 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 31. Parks; recreation; leisure and fitness studies 175 100 75 12705 6580 6125 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 51. Health professions and related programs 2710 425 2290 141905 26980 114930 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 60. Dental; medical and veterinary residency programs 35 25 10 5300 2910 2390 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 Personal; protective and transportation services 1140 500 645 52975 25595 27375 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 12. Personal and culinary services 610 90 520 36770 12025 24740 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 28. Military science; leadership and operational art 10 10 0 90 85 0 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 29. Military technologies and applied sciences 0 0 0 265 255 15 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 43. Security and protective services 375 265 105 5915 4425 1490 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 49. Transportation and materials moving 145 130 20 9935 8810 1125 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 Other 0 0 0 220 70 155 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies; other 0 0 0 225 70 150 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data 151 19480 9625 9850 1392435 671970 720475 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 No postsecondary certificate; diploma or degree 152 7005 3645 3360 450760 227065 223690 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 Education 815 145 670 49160 10165 38995 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 13. Education 820 150 670 49160 10165 38995 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 Visual and performing arts; and communications technologies 200 50 145 54535 25045 29485 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services 10 10 0 9120 6970 2145 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 50. Visual and performing arts 195 45 150 45420 18075 27340 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 Humanities 445 190 260 62805 23065 39740 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 16. Aboriginal and foreign languages; literatures and linguistics 40 10 40 8935 1885 7060 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 23. English language and literature/letters 90 40 55 17555 5320 12235 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 24. Liberal arts and sciences; general studies and humanities 125 65 60 20030 7495 12530 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 30A Interdisciplinary humanities 153 10 0 0 270 115 155 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 38. Philosophy and religious studies 20 15 10 3140 1830 1310 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 39. Theology and religious vocations 20 15 10 3965 2345 1620 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 54. History 95 55 45 7210 3750 3460 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 55. French language and literature/letters 35 0 35 1710 325 1380 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 Social and behavioural sciences and law 1395 425 965 127395 45820 81575 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 05. Area; ethnic; cultural; gender; and group studies 10 0 0 2270 580 1685 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 09. Communication; journalism and related programs 130 80 50 14210 5005 9205 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences 310 10 295 15160 1385 13775 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 22. Legal professions and studies 235 70 170 20290 6915 13375 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences 154 20 10 15 2135 615 1515 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 42. Psychology 265 60 200 21465 5815 15650 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 45. Social sciences 430 205 230 51875 25505 26370 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 Business; management and public administration 2255 855 1400 213390 90380 123010 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 30.16 Accounting and computer science 10 10 10 310 110 205 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 44. Public administration and social service professions 230 30 200 8095 1895 6200 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 52. Business; management; marketing and related support services 2015 815 1195 204980 88375 116610 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 Physical and life sciences and technologies 335 140 195 42720 21690 21025 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 26. Biological and biomedical sciences 125 25 100 18145 8020 10125 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 30.01 Biological and physical sciences 100 40 55 9880 4680 5190 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences 155 0 0 0 500 120 380 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 40. Physical sciences 90 70 20 13100 8505 4600 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 41. Science technologies/technicians 20 0 20 1090 370 725 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 Mathematics; computer and information sciences 415 275 135 49880 32880 16995 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 11. Computer and information sciences and support services 365 250 115 40915 28950 11965 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 25. Library science 0 0 0 2350 365 1980 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 27. Mathematics and statistics 45 25 20 6115 3265 2855 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 30D Interdisciplinary mathematics; computer and information sciences 156 0 0 0 500 305 190 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 Architecture; engineering; and related technologies 3135 2950 190 162555 140255 22295 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 04. Architecture and related services 55 40 10 9170 5455 3720 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 14. Engineering 510 450 60 60355 47375 12980 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields 665 590 75 24980 21790 3195 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 30.12 Historic preservation and conservation 0 0 0 30 20 10 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 46. Construction trades 495 490 0 29305 28340 965 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians 590 570 20 26760 25920 840 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 48. Precision production 820 810 10 11945 11360 585 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 Agriculture; natural resources and conservation 200 105 90 13480 7310 6175 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 01. Agriculture; agriculture operations and related sciences 130 80 60 8225 4160 4060 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 03. Natural resources and conservation 65 30 35 5255 3150 2110 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 Health and related fields 2460 470 1985 125490 28745 96745 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 31. Parks; recreation; leisure and fitness studies 155 85 70 10075 5185 4890 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 51. Health professions and related programs 2270 365 1900 111260 21465 89795 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 60. Dental; medical and veterinary residency programs 35 20 10 4150 2095 2055 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 Personal; protective and transportation services 825 375 450 40090 19480 20615 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 12. Personal and culinary services 410 50 360 27525 9115 18415 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 28. Military science; leadership and operational art 10 0 0 50 40 0 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 29. Military technologies and applied sciences 0 0 0 100 95 0 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 43. Security and protective services 290 215 80 4830 3550 1285 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 49. Transportation and materials moving 115 105 15 7590 6675 915 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 Other 0 0 0 180 55 125 Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies; other 0 0 0 180 55 125 Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data 157 29385 14670 14715 2064610 998830 1065785 Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada No postsecondary certificate; diploma or degree 13535 6885 6650 877080 428030 449050 Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada Postsecondary certificate; diploma or degree 158 15845 7780 8065 1187535 570800 616730 Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada Location of study inside Canada 14185 6890 7295 808030 390720 417305 Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada Same as province or territory of residence 13775 6650 7125 651955 311410 340540 Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada Different than province or territory of residence 410 235 170 156075 79315 76765 Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada Location of study outside Canada 159 1660 890 770 379505 180085 199425 Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada United States 160 750 410 340 42495 23540 18950 Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada Philippines 30 10 20 48070 17830 30235 Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada India 80 50 35 35220 17470 17750 Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada United Kingdom 161 185 105 85 33175 18105 15075 Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada China 162 20 0 10 58575 26315 32260 Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada France 20 10 15 3360 1850 1510 Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada Other 575 315 270 158620 74970 83645 Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data 157 19480 9625 9855 1392440 671965 720475 Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada No postsecondary certificate; diploma or degree 7000 3645 3355 450755 227065 223695 Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada Postsecondary certificate; diploma or degree 158 12475 5980 6490 941680 444900 496780 Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada Location of study inside Canada 11260 5365 5895 641620 307965 333660 Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada Same as province or territory of residence 10955 5200 5755 522570 247290 275280 Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada Different than province or territory of residence 305 165 145 119050 60675 58380 Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada Location of study outside Canada 159 1215 620 600 300060 136945 163120 Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada United States 160 610 325 285 31755 17170 14585 Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada Philippines 25 10 20 41080 15065 26015 Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada India 75 45 30 29660 14025 15640 Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada United Kingdom 161 90 50 40 21325 11475 9850 Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada China 162 10 0 10 50710 22290 28420 Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada France 15 10 10 2810 1575 1245 Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada Other 395 190 205 122715 55350 67365 Labour force status Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data 163 29380 14665 14715 2064615 998830 1065780 Labour force status In the labour force 19585 10305 9280 1355520 703360 652160 Labour force status Employed 18675 9860 8815 1276900 663790 613115 Labour force status Unemployed 910 445 465 78620 39575 39045 Labour force status Not in the labour force 9800 4370 5435 709095 295475 413625 Labour force status Participation rate 66.7 70.3 63.1 65.7 70.4 61.2 Labour force status Employment rate 63.6 67.2 59.9 61.8 66.5 57.5 Labour force status Unemployment rate 4.6 4.3 5.0 5.8 5.6 6.0 Work activity during the reference year Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data 164 29385 14665 14710 2064615 998835 1065780 Work activity during the reference year Did not work 165 8890 3940 4955 665510 276425 389090 Work activity during the reference year Worked 20485 10725 9765 1399105 722405 676695 Work activity during the reference year Worked full year; full time 166 11330 6695 4640 657635 374990 282655 Work activity during the reference year Worked part year and/or part time 167 9155 4035 5120 741460 347420 394040 Work activity during the reference year Average weeks worked in reference year 44.2 44.6 43.6 42.2 43.0 41.3 Class of worker Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data 168 19585 10305 9280 1355520 703360 652160 Class of worker Class of worker - not applicable 169 275 130 150 24955 11635 13330 Class of worker All classes of workers 170 19305 10175 9130 1330560 691730 638830 Class of worker Employee 17050 8765 8280 1150055 579380 570680 Class of worker Self-employed 171 2250 1410 845 180510 112355 68150 Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data 172 19580 10300 9280 1355520 703360 652160 Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 Occupation - not applicable 169 280 130 150 24955 11635 13325 Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 All occupations 170 19305 10175 9130 1330565 691730 638835 Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 0 Management occupations 2220 1465 765 156615 97575 59040 Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 1 Business; finance and administration occupations 2560 615 1945 222325 71120 151205 Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations 1025 845 180 101410 79690 21715 Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 3 Health occupations 1675 330 1345 83995 20065 63930 Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 4 Occupations in education; law and social; community and government services 1990 615 1370 148620 49535 99085 Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 5 Occupations in art; culture; recreation and sport 315 105 205 61980 31655 30320 Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 6 Sales and service occupations 3615 1375 2240 331590 147165 184430 Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 7 Trades; transport and equipment operators and related occupations 3410 3170 240 167640 157865 9770 Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 8 Natural resources; agriculture and related production occupations 325 230 90 17660 12070 5585 Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities 2170 1420 750 38745 24985 13760 Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data 173 19580 10300 9280 1355520 703360 652160 Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable 169 280 130 150 24955 11635 13325 Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 All industry categories 170 19305 10175 9130 1330565 691730 638835 Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 11 Agriculture; forestry; fishing and hunting 550 360 190 13020 6860 6160 Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 21 Mining; quarrying; and oil and gas extraction 65 65 0 4475 3245 1225 Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 22 Utilities 155 120 35 6840 4430 2410 Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 23 Construction 1505 1290 215 98365 85810 12555 Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 31-33 Manufacturing 4305 3090 1215 84355 56870 27485 Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 41 Wholesale trade 525 400 125 55415 36140 19280 Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 44-45 Retail trade 1990 905 1085 150000 70385 79610 Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 48-49 Transportation and warehousing 790 575 210 74775 57465 17320 Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 51 Information and cultural industries 170 80 90 50230 31635 18595 Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 52 Finance and insurance 640 220 415 65250 28935 36310 Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 53 Real estate and rental and leasing 200 110 90 35440 19460 15980 Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 54 Professional; scientific and technical services 910 505 410 133130 74620 58510 Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 55 Management of companies and enterprises 15 10 0 3185 1450 1735 Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 56 Administrative and support; waste management and remediation services 640 365 275 61005 35270 25730 Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 61 Educational services 1415 335 1075 99835 33935 65895 Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 62 Health care and social assistance 2340 435 1905 137665 28495 109175 Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 71 Arts; entertainment and recreation 380 170 210 31530 15900 15635 Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 72 Accommodation and food services 1060 300 765 111365 48700 62665 Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 81 Other services (except public administration) 760 365 400 60840 24875 35970 Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 91 Public administration 880 475 410 53855 27260 26595 Place of work status Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data 174 18670 9865 8810 1276900 663785 613115 Place of work status Worked at home 1160 590 570 104865 52665 52200 Place of work status Worked outside Canada 540 355 185 12825 9110 3715 Place of work status No fixed workplace address 1760 1330 430 169320 123645 45680 Place of work status Worked at usual place 15215 7580 7630 989890 478370 511520 Commuting destination Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data 15215 7580 7635 989890 478370 511515 Commuting destination Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence 3525 1605 1925 436405 192755 243650 Commuting destination Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence 10475 5435 5035 534530 274720 259810 Commuting destination Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence 1190 520 665 14895 8330 6570 Commuting destination Commute to a different province or territory 25 20 0 4060 2565 1490 Main mode of commuting Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data 175 16970 8910 8065 1159210 602015 557195 Main mode of commuting Car; truck; van - as a driver 15690 8310 7385 745820 419660 326160 Main mode of commuting Car; truck; van - as a passenger 835 400 430 58040 22500 35535 Main mode of commuting Public transit 55 25 35 235985 100450 135535 Main mode of commuting Walked 240 95 145 77830 33760 44070 Main mode of commuting Bicycle 65 55 10 27235 17585 9650 Main mode of commuting Other method 85 35 55 14310 8060 6250 Commuting duration Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data 176 16975 8910 8060 1159215 602015 557200 Commuting duration Less than 15 minutes 3595 1590 2005 207760 93360 114400 Commuting duration 15 to 29 minutes 7345 4030 3310 375370 191565 183805 Commuting duration 30 to 44 minutes 5080 2810 2265 306130 169105 137030 Commuting duration 45 to 59 minutes 700 310 395 139550 76570 62975 Commuting duration 60 minutes and over 255 170 85 130400 71410 58990 Time leaving for work Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data 177 16975 8915 8060 1159215 602015 557200 Time leaving for work Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m. 1440 945 500 75910 52030 23880 Time leaving for work Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m. 3740 2595 1140 182840 110300 72540 Time leaving for work Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m. 4435 2215 2220 282190 141805 140385 Time leaving for work Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m. 2915 1045 1865 260325 120855 139470 Time leaving for work Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m. 1340 490 850 183650 83955 99695 Time leaving for work Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m. 3105 1620 1485 174300 93070 81235 Language used most often at work Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1; 2015 - 25% sample data 178 21010 10995 10010 1449815 746815 703000 Language used most often at work Single responses 20870 10935 9940 1408670 726520 682150 Language used most often at work Official languages 20840 10905 9935 1333805 686635 647170 Language used most often at work English 20455 10845 9615 1330560 685755 644805 Language used most often at work French 385 65 320 3240 880 2360 Language used most often at work Non-official languages 30 25 10 74865 39885 34980 Language used most often at work Aboriginal languages 0 0 0 10 0 10 Language used most often at work Algonquian languages 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Blackfoot 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Cree-Montagnais languages 0 0 0 0 10 0 Language used most often at work Atikamekw 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Montagnais (Innu) 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Moose Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Naskapi 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Northern East Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Plains Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Southern East Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Swampy Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Woods Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Cree; n.o.s. 0 0 0 0 10 0 Language used most often at work Eastern Algonquian languages 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Malecite 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Mi'kmaq 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Ojibway-Potawatomi languages 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Algonquin 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Ojibway 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Oji-Cree 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Ottawa (Odawa) 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Algonquian languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Athabaskan languages 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Northern Athabaskan languages 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Babine (Wetsuwet'en) 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Beaver 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Carrier 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Chilcotin 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Dene 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Dogrib (Tlicho) 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Gwich'in 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Sarsi (Sarcee) 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Sekani 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Slavey-Hare languages 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work North Slavey (Hare) 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work South Slavey 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Slavey; n.o.s. 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Tahltan languages 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Kaska (Nahani) 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Tahltan 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Tutchone languages 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Northern Tutchone 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Southern Tutchone 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Athabaskan languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Haida 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Inuit languages 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun) 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Inuktitut 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Inuit languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Iroquoian languages 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Cayuga 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Mohawk 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Oneida 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Iroquoian languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Kutenai 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Michif 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Salish languages 0 0 0 10 0 0 Language used most often at work Comox 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Halkomelem 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Lillooet 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Okanagan 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Shuswap (Secwepemctsin) 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Squamish 0 0 0 10 0 0 Language used most often at work Straits 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Thompson (Ntlakapamux) 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Salish languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Siouan languages 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Dakota 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Stoney 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Siouan languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Tlingit 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Tsimshian languages 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Gitxsan (Gitksan) 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Nisga'a 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Tsimshian 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Wakashan languages 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Haisla 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Heiltsuk 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala) 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka) 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Wakashan languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Aboriginal languages; n.o.s. 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Non-Aboriginal languages 30 25 10 74855 39880 34980 Language used most often at work Afro-Asiatic languages 0 0 0 390 250 140 Language used most often at work Berber languages 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Kabyle 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Berber languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Cushitic languages 0 0 0 10 0 0 Language used most often at work Bilen 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Oromo 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Somali 0 0 0 10 0 10 Language used most often at work Cushitic languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Semitic languages 0 0 0 380 250 135 Language used most often at work Amharic 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Arabic 0 0 0 275 195 75 Language used most often at work Assyrian Neo-Aramaic 0 0 0 25 15 10 Language used most often at work Chaldean Neo-Aramaic 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Harari 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Hebrew 0 0 0 75 30 45 Language used most often at work Maltese 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Tigrigna 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Semitic languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Afro-Asiatic languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Austro-Asiatic languages 0 0 0 2000 915 1090 Language used most often at work Khmer (Cambodian) 0 0 0 20 15 10 Language used most often at work Vietnamese 0 0 0 1985 905 1080 Language used most often at work Austro-Asiatic languages; n.i.e 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Austronesian languages 0 0 0 745 360 380 Language used most often at work Bikol 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Cebuano 0 0 0 10 0 0 Language used most often at work Fijian 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Hiligaynon 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Ilocano 0 0 0 30 10 15 Language used most often at work Malagasy 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Malay 0 0 0 50 35 15 Language used most often at work Pampangan (Kapampangan; Pampango) 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Pangasinan 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Tagalog (Pilipino; Filipino) 0 0 0 630 300 330 Language used most often at work Waray-Waray 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Austronesian languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 20 15 0 Language used most often at work Creole languages 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Haitian Creole 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Creole; n.o.s. 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Creole languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Dravidian languages 0 0 0 30 15 15 Language used most often at work Kannada 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Malayalam 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Tamil 0 0 0 30 10 15 Language used most often at work Telugu 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Dravidian languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Hmong-Mien languages 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Indo-European languages 20 20 0 17425 10045 7375 Language used most often at work Albanian 0 0 0 15 15 0 Language used most often at work Armenian 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Balto-Slavic languages 0 0 0 725 335 390 Language used most often at work Baltic languages 0 0 0 10 10 0 Language used most often at work Latvian 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Lithuanian 0 0 0 10 0 0 Language used most often at work Slavic languages 0 0 0 720 330 385 Language used most often at work Belarusan 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Bosnian 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Bulgarian 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Croatian 0 0 0 25 10 15 Language used most often at work Czech 0 0 0 20 15 10 Language used most often at work Macedonian 0 0 0 0 0 10 Language used most often at work Polish 0 0 0 95 45 50 Language used most often at work Russian 0 0 0 435 185 250 Language used most often at work Serbian 0 0 0 85 50 35 Language used most often at work Serbo-Croatian 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Slovak 0 0 0 10 10 0 Language used most often at work Slovene (Slovenian) 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Ukrainian 0 0 0 20 10 10 Language used most often at work Slavic languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Celtic languages 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Scottish Gaelic 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Welsh 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Celtic languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Germanic languages 15 15 0 335 185 155 Language used most often at work Afrikaans 0 0 0 0 10 0 Language used most often at work Danish 0 0 0 10 10 0 Language used most often at work Dutch 0 0 0 70 45 25 Language used most often at work Frisian 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work German 10 10 0 205 100 105 Language used most often at work Icelandic 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Norwegian 0 0 0 15 10 0 Language used most often at work Swedish 0 0 0 30 20 0 Language used most often at work Vlaams (Flemish) 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Yiddish 0 0 0 10 0 10 Language used most often at work Germanic languages; n.i.e. 10 15 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Greek 0 0 0 55 25 35 Language used most often at work Indo-Iranian languages 0 0 0 14590 8630 5960 Language used most often at work Indo-Aryan languages 0 0 0 13515 7915 5600 Language used most often at work Bengali 0 0 0 20 15 0 Language used most often at work Gujarati 0 0 0 35 15 25 Language used most often at work Hindi 0 0 0 265 160 105 Language used most often at work Kashmiri 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Konkani 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Marathi 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Nepali 0 0 0 25 10 10 Language used most often at work Oriya (Odia) 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Punjabi (Panjabi) 0 0 0 13130 7690 5435 Language used most often at work Sindhi 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Sinhala (Sinhalese) 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Urdu 0 0 0 40 20 20 Language used most often at work Iranian languages 0 0 0 1070 715 355 Language used most often at work Kurdish 0 0 0 25 20 0 Language used most often at work Pashto 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Persian (Farsi) 0 0 0 1045 695 350 Language used most often at work Indo-Iranian languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Italic (Romance) languages 0 0 0 1700 860 835 Language used most often at work Catalan 0 0 0 10 0 0 Language used most often at work Italian 0 0 0 85 40 50 Language used most often at work Portuguese 0 0 0 490 250 250 Language used most often at work Romanian 0 0 0 70 40 20 Language used most often at work Spanish 0 0 0 1040 530 515 Language used most often at work Italic (Romance) languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 10 0 0 Language used most often at work Japanese 0 0 0 1545 585 955 Language used most often at work Kartvelian languages 0 0 0 10 10 0 Language used most often at work Georgian 0 0 0 10 10 0 Language used most often at work Korean 0 0 10 5075 2720 2355 Language used most often at work Mongolic languages 0 0 0 10 10 10 Language used most often at work Mongolian 0 0 0 10 10 0 Language used most often at work Niger-Congo languages 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Akan (Twi) 0 0 0 10 0 0 Language used most often at work Bamanankan 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Edo 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Ewe 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Fulah (Pular; Pulaar; Fulfulde) 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Ga 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Ganda 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Igbo 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Lingala 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Rundi (Kirundi) 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Kinyarwanda (Rwanda) 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Shona 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Swahili 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Wolof 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Yoruba 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Niger-Congo languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Nilo-Saharan languages 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Dinka 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Nilo-Saharan languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Sign languages 0 0 0 175 55 120 Language used most often at work American Sign Language 0 0 0 140 30 110 Language used most often at work Quebec Sign Language 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Sign languages; n.i.e 0 0 0 30 25 10 Language used most often at work Sino-Tibetan languages 0 10 0 47255 24800 22455 Language used most often at work Chinese languages 0 10 0 47190 24765 22425 Language used most often at work Cantonese 10 0 0 22890 11635 11255 Language used most often at work Hakka 0 0 0 10 10 10 Language used most often at work Mandarin 0 0 0 23190 12570 10625 Language used most often at work Min Dong 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Min Nan (Chaochow; Teochow; Fukien; Taiwanese) 0 0 0 205 115 90 Language used most often at work Wu (Shanghainese) 0 0 0 45 25 25 Language used most often at work Chinese; n.o.s. 0 0 0 845 410 435 Language used most often at work Chinese languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Tibeto-Burman languages 0 0 0 65 40 25 Language used most often at work Burmese 0 0 0 20 10 10 Language used most often at work Karenic languages 0 0 0 40 25 20 Language used most often at work Tibetan 0 0 0 10 0 0 Language used most often at work Tibeto-Burman languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Tai-Kadai languages 0 0 0 100 45 50 Language used most often at work Lao 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Thai 0 0 0 100 45 55 Language used most often at work Tai-Kadai languages; n.i.e 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Turkic languages 0 0 0 50 35 10 Language used most often at work Azerbaijani 0 0 0 10 10 0 Language used most often at work Turkish 0 0 0 35 25 0 Language used most often at work Uyghur 0 0 0 10 0 10 Language used most often at work Uzbek 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Turkic languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Uralic languages 0 0 0 30 20 15 Language used most often at work Estonian 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Finnish 0 0 0 15 10 10 Language used most often at work Hungarian 0 0 0 10 10 10 Language used most often at work Uralic languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Other languages; n.i.e. 0 0 0 30 15 15 Language used most often at work Multiple responses 135 65 70 41150 20295 20850 Language used most often at work English and French 85 45 40 2780 1230 1550 Language used most often at work English and non-official language 50 15 30 37985 18925 19060 Language used most often at work French and non-official language 0 0 0 40 25 15 Language used most often at work English; French and non-official language 0 0 0 345 120 225 Other language used regularly at work Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1; 2015 - 25% sample data 179 21005 10995 10015 1449815 746815 702995 Other language used regularly at work None 20020 10630 9390 1311370 677965 633405 Other language used regularly at work English 190 50 145 30725 15720 15005 Other language used regularly at work French 565 185 380 11780 5165 6620 Other language used regularly at work Non-official language 225 125 100 93465 46780 46685 Other language used regularly at work Aboriginal 0 0 0 120 45 75 Other language used regularly at work Non-Aboriginal 225 125 100 93350 46730 46615 Other language used regularly at work English and French 0 0 0 35 25 15 Other language used regularly at work English and non-official language 0 0 0 1115 540 580 Other language used regularly at work French and non-official language 10 0 10 1320 630 690 Other language used regularly at work English; French and non-official language 0 0 0 10 0 0 Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data 180 36045 18135 17910 2403020 1173535 1229485 Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago Non-movers 32990 16495 16490 2024075 986910 1037160 Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago Movers 3060 1640 1420 378945 186625 192325 Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago Non-migrants 1310 760 545 207285 101795 105490 Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago Migrants 1750 880 865 171660 84825 86830 Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago Internal migrants 1650 840 810 117565 58205 59360 Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago Intraprovincial migrants 1525 775 750 93805 46105 47695 Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago Interprovincial migrants 125 70 60 23760 12095 11660 Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago External migrants 100 40 60 54095 26620 27475 Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data 181 34515 17380 17135 2310250 1125645 1184605 Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago Non-movers 24555 12240 12320 1298685 632380 666305 Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago Movers 9960 5140 4815 1011565 493265 518305 Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago Non-migrants 4690 2470 2220 516530 251585 264945 Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago Migrants 5265 2670 2595 495035 241680 253360 Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago Internal migrants 4930 2525 2410 309040 151835 157205 Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago Intraprovincial migrants 4645 2370 2275 246850 121080 125765 Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago Interprovincial migrants 285 150 135 62195 30755 31440 Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago External migrants 335 145 185 186000 89845 96155 Symbols: ... not applicable Notes: 1 2016 and 2011 population Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality. The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions. 2 Total private dwellings 'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall lobby vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons. For more information refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling. 3 Private dwellings occupied by usual residents 'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10 2016. 4 Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data For data on the population by single years of age refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables. 5 Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data 'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration that is whether the dwelling is a single-detached house an apartment in a high-rise building a row house a mobile home etc. 6 Other attached dwelling The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house row house apartment or flat in a duplex apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house. 7 Movable dwelling The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats recreational vehicles and railroad cars. 8 Total - Private households by household size - 100% data Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household. 9 Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data For more information refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status. 10 Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses) a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure. 11 Total number of census families in private households - 100% data 'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children. 12 Total - Private households by household type - 100% data For more information refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type. 13 One-census-family households - Without children in a census family The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present. 14 One-census-family households - With children in a census family The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present. 15 Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only French only in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. For more information on language variables including information on their classifications the questions from which they are derived data quality and their comparability with other sources of data please refer to the Languages Reference Guide Census of Population 2016. Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings. 16 Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e. English or French) spoken by the person. For more information on language variables including information on their classifications the questions from which they are derived data quality and their comparability with other sources of data please refer to the Languages Reference Guide Census of Population 2016. Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings. 17 Official language minority The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. 18 Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time. For more information on language variables including information on their classifications the questions from which they are derived data quality and their comparability with other sources of data please refer to the Languages Reference Guide Census of Population 2016. Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings. n.i.e. = not included elsewhere n.o.s. = not otherwise specified 19 Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often then both languages are included here. For more information on language variables including information on their classifications the questions from which they are derived data quality and their comparability with other sources of data please refer to the Languages Reference Guide Census of Population 2016. Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings. n.i.e. = not included elsewhere n.o.s. = not otherwise specified 20 Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages if any that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home. For more information on language variables including information on their classifications the questions from which they are derived data quality and their comparability with other sources of data please refer to the Languages Reference Guide Census of Population 2016. Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings. 21 Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and in some circumstances in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between: *statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons private households census families and economic families; *statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises companies establishments and locations; *statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family. In the context of persons total income refers to receipts from certain sources before income taxes and deductions during a specified reference period. In the context of census families total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members before income taxes and deductions during a specified reference period. In the context of economic families total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members before income taxes and deductions during a specified reference period. In the context of households total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members before income taxes and deductions during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are: *employment income from wages salaries tips commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); *income from investment sources such as dividends and interest on bonds accounts guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds; *income from employer and personal pension sources such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs); *other regular cash income such as child support payments received spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships; *income from government sources such as social assistance child benefits Employment Insurance benefits Old Age Security benefits Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income. Receipts excluded from this income definition are: *one-time receipts such as lottery winnings gambling winnings cash inheritances lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals; *capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income; *employers' contributions to registered pension plans Canada Pension Plan Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance; *voluntary inter-household transfers imputed rent goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption. After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes provincial and territorial income taxes less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands. Market income - The sum of employment income (wages salaries and commissions net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice) investment income private retirement income (retirement pensions superannuation and annuities including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes. Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal provincial territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes: *Old Age Security pension Guaranteed Income Supplement Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor; *retirement disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan; *benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan; *child benefits from federal and provincial programs; *social assistance benefits; *workers' compensation benefits; *Working income tax benefit; *Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit; *other income from government sources. Employment income - All income received as wages salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period. For the 2016 Census the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables. Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves i.e. the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative). 22 Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and in some circumstances in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between: *statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons private households census families and economic families; *statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises companies establishments and locations; *statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family. In the context of persons total income refers to receipts from certain sources before income taxes and deductions during a specified reference period. In the context of census families total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members before income taxes and deductions during a specified reference period. In the context of economic families total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members before income taxes and deductions during a specified reference period. In the context of households total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members before income taxes and deductions during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are: *employment income from wages salaries tips commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); *income from investment sources such as dividends and interest on bonds accounts guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds; *income from employer and personal pension sources such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs); *other regular cash income such as child support payments received spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships; *income from government sources such as social assistance child benefits Employment Insurance benefits Old Age Security benefits Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income. Receipts excluded from this income definition are: *one-time receipts such as lottery winnings gambling winnings cash inheritances lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals; *capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income; *employers' contributions to registered pension plans Canada Pension Plan Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance; *voluntary inter-household transfers imputed rent goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption. After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes provincial and territorial income taxes less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands. Market income - The sum of employment income (wages salaries and commissions net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice) investment income private retirement income (retirement pensions superannuation and annuities including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes. Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal provincial territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes: *Old Age Security pension Guaranteed Income Supplement Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor; *retirement disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan; *benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan; *child benefits from federal and provincial programs; *social assistance benefits; *workers' compensation benefits; *Working income tax benefit; *Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit; *other income from government sources. Employment income - All income received as wages salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period. For the 2016 Census the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables. Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative). 23 Employment income - All income received as wages salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period. For the 2016 Census the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables. 24 Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information see variable work activity in 2015 Dictionary Census of Population 2016. 25 Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves i.e. the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative). 26 Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative). 27 Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area. For the 2016 Census the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables. 28 Market income - The sum of employment income (wages salaries and commissions net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice) investment income private retirement income (retirement pensions superannuation and annuities including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes. For the 2016 Census the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables. 29 Employment income - All income received as wages salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period. For the 2016 Census the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables. 30 Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal provincial territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes: *Old Age Security pension Guaranteed Income Supplement Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor; *retirement disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan; *benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan; *child benefits from federal and provincial programs; *social assistance benefits; *workers' compensation benefits; *Working income tax benefit; *Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit; *other income from government sources. For the 2016 Census the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables. 31 Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and in some circumstances in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between: *statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons private households census families and economic families; *statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises companies establishments and locations; *statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family. In the context of persons total income refers to receipts from certain sources before income taxes and deductions during a specified reference period. In the context of census families total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members before income taxes and deductions during a specified reference period. In the context of economic families total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members before income taxes and deductions during a specified reference period. In the context of households total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members before income taxes and deductions during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are: *employment income from wages salaries tips commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); *income from investment sources such as dividends and interest on bonds accounts guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds; *income from employer and personal pension sources such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs); *other regular cash income such as child support payments received spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships; *income from government sources such as social assistance child benefits Employment Insurance benefits Old Age Security benefits Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income. Receipts excluded from this income definition are: *one-time receipts such as lottery winnings gambling winnings cash inheritances lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals; *capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income; *employers' contributions to registered pension plans Canada Pension Plan Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance; *voluntary inter-household transfers imputed rent goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption. For the 2016 Census the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables. 32 After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes provincial and territorial income taxes less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands. For the 2016 Census the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables. 33 Employment income - All income received as wages salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period. For the 2016 Census the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables. 34 Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and in some circumstances in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between: *statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons private households census families and economic families; *statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises companies establishments and locations; *statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family. In the context of persons total income refers to receipts from certain sources before income taxes and deductions during a specified reference period. In the context of census families total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members before income taxes and deductions during a specified reference period. In the context of economic families total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members before income taxes and deductions during a specified reference period. In the context of households total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members before income taxes and deductions during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are: *employment income from wages salaries tips commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); *income from investment sources such as dividends and interest on bonds accounts guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds; *income from employer and personal pension sources such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs); *other regular cash income such as child support payments received spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships; *income from government sources such as social assistance child benefits Employment Insurance benefits Old Age Security benefits Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income. Receipts excluded from this income definition are: *one-time receipts such as lottery winnings gambling winnings cash inheritances lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals; *capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income; *employers' contributions to registered pension plans Canada Pension Plan Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance; *voluntary inter-household transfers imputed rent goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption. After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes provincial and territorial income taxes less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands. For the 2016 Census the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables. Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves i.e. the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units whether or not they had income. 35 Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and in some circumstances in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between: *statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons private households census families and economic families; *statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises companies establishments and locations; *statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family. In the context of persons total income refers to receipts from certain sources before income taxes and deductions during a specified reference period. In the context of census families total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members before income taxes and deductions during a specified reference period. In the context of economic families total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members before income taxes and deductions during a specified reference period. In the context of households total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members before income taxes and deductions during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are: *employment income from wages salaries tips commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); *income from investment sources such as dividends and interest on bonds accounts guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds; *income from employer and personal pension sources such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs); *other regular cash income such as child support payments received spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships; *income from government sources such as social assistance child benefits Employment Insurance benefits Old Age Security benefits Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income. Receipts excluded from this income definition are: *one-time receipts such as lottery winnings gambling winnings cash inheritances lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals; *capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income; *employers' contributions to registered pension plans Canada Pension Plan Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance; *voluntary inter-household transfers imputed rent goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption. After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes provincial and territorial income taxes less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands. For the 2016 Census the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables. Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units whether or not they had income. 36 Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and in some circumstances in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between: *statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons private households census families and economic families; *statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises companies establishments and locations; *statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family. In the context of persons total income refers to receipts from certain sources before income taxes and deductions during a specified reference period. In the context of census families total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members before income taxes and deductions during a specified reference period. In the context of economic families total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members before income taxes and deductions during a specified reference period. In the context of households total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members before income taxes and deductions during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are: *employment income from wages salaries tips commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); *income from investment sources such as dividends and interest on bonds accounts guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds; *income from employer and personal pension sources such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs); *other regular cash income such as child support payments received spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships; *income from government sources such as social assistance child benefits Employment Insurance benefits Old Age Security benefits Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income. Receipts excluded from this income definition are: *one-time receipts such as lottery winnings gambling winnings cash inheritances lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals; *capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income; *employers' contributions to registered pension plans Canada Pension Plan Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance; *voluntary inter-household transfers imputed rent goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption. For the 2016 Census the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables. 37 Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and in some circumstances in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between: *statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons private households census families and economic families; *statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises companies establishments and locations; *statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family. In the context of persons total income refers to receipts from certain sources before income taxes and deductions during a specified reference period. In the context of census families total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members before income taxes and deductions during a specified reference period. In the context of economic families total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members before income taxes and deductions during a specified reference period. In the context of households total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members before income taxes and deductions during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are: *employment income from wages salaries tips commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); *income from investment sources such as dividends and interest on bonds accounts guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds; *income from employer and personal pension sources such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs); *other regular cash income such as child support payments received spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships; *income from government sources such as social assistance child benefits Employment Insurance benefits Old Age Security benefits Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income. Receipts excluded from this income definition are: *one-time receipts such as lottery winnings gambling winnings cash inheritances lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals; *capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income; *employers' contributions to registered pension plans Canada Pension Plan Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance; *voluntary inter-household transfers imputed rent goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption. After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes provincial and territorial income taxes less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands. For the 2016 Census the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables. Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves i.e. the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units whether or not they had income. Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information refer to the variable 'economic family structure ' Dictionary Census of Population 2016. 38 Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and in some circumstances in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between: *statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons private households census families and economic families; *statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises companies establishments and locations; *statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family. In the context of persons total income refers to receipts from certain sources before income taxes and deductions during a specified reference period. In the context of census families total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members before income taxes and deductions during a specified reference period. In the context of economic families total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members before income taxes and deductions during a specified reference period. In the context of households total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members before income taxes and deductions during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are: *employment income from wages salaries tips commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); *income from investment sources such as dividends and interest on bonds accounts guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds; *income from employer and personal pension sources such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs); *other regular cash income such as child support payments received spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships; *income from government sources such as social assistance child benefits Employment Insurance benefits Old Age Security benefits Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income. Receipts excluded from this income definition are: *one-time receipts such as lottery winnings gambling winnings cash inheritances lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals; *capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income; *employers' contributions to registered pension plans Canada Pension Plan Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance; *voluntary inter-household transfers imputed rent goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption. After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes provincial and territorial income taxes less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands. For the 2016 Census the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables. Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units whether or not they had income. Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information refer to the variable "economic family structure " Dictionary Census of Population 2016. 39 Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero). 40 Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and in some circumstances in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between: *statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons private households census families and economic families; *statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises companies establishments and locations; *statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family. In the context of persons total income refers to receipts from certain sources before income taxes and deductions during a specified reference period. In the context of census families total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members before income taxes and deductions during a specified reference period. In the context of economic families total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members before income taxes and deductions during a specified reference period. In the context of households total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members before income taxes and deductions during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are: *employment income from wages salaries tips commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); *income from investment sources such as dividends and interest on bonds accounts guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds; *income from employer and personal pension sources such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs); *other regular cash income such as child support payments received spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships; *income from government sources such as social assistance child benefits Employment Insurance benefits Old Age Security benefits Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income. Receipts excluded from this income definition are: *one-time receipts such as lottery winnings gambling winnings cash inheritances lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals; *capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income; *employers' contributions to registered pension plans Canada Pension Plan Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance; *voluntary inter-household transfers imputed rent goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption. After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes provincial and territorial income taxes less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands. For the 2016 Census the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables. Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units whether or not they had income. 41 Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero). 42 Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households. Using data from the 2016 Census of Population the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups. For the 2016 Census the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables. 43 Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income. For the 2016 Census the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables. The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations. Low-income measure after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure after tax refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase but at a decreasing rate as the number of members increases. Using data from the 2016 Census of Population the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada 2015 Dictionary Census of Population 2016. When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households. Low-income cut-offs after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs after tax refers to an income threshold defined using 1992 expenditure data below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food shelter and clothing. More specifically the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families 2015 Dictionary Census of Population 2016. When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families. Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line. 44 'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only French only in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. 'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys depending on the objectives of the survey. For more information on language variables including information on their classifications the questions from which they are derived data quality and their comparability with other sources of data please refer to the Languages Reference Guide Census of Population 2016. This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census. n.i.e. = not included elsewhere n.o.s. = not otherwise specified 45 'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless that is they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization. For more information on citizenship variables including information on their classifications the questions from which they are derived data quality and their comparability with other sources of data please refer to the Place of Birth Generation Status Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide Census of Population 2016. 46 'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country. 47 'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category. 48 Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant an immigrant or a non-permanent resident. Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status. For more information on immigration variables including information on their classifications the questions from which they are derived data quality and their comparability with other sources of data please refer to the Place of Birth Generation Status Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide Census of Population 2016. 49 'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth. 50 'Immigrants' includes persons who are or who have ever been landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10 2016. 51 Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10 2016. 52 'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them. 53 'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status. 'Immigrant' refers to a person who is or who has ever been a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10 2016. For more information on immigration variables including information on their classifications the questions from which they are derived data quality and their comparability with other sources of data please refer to the Place of Birth Generation Status Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide Census of Population 2016. 54 'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1 2011 and May 10 2016. 'Immigrant' refers to a person who is or who has ever been a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level. 'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada. For more information on immigration and place of birth variables including information on their classifications the questions from which they are derived data quality and their comparability with other sources of data please refer to the Place of Birth Generation Status Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide Census of Population 2016. 55 The official name of United States is United States of America. 56 Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland. 57 Serbia excludes Kosovo. 58 The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland Wales England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories). 59 China excludes Hong Kong and Macao. 60 The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China. 61 The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran. 62 The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea. 63 The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic. 64 The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere such as 'born at sea.' 65 The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela. 66 The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova. 67 The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere such as 'born at sea.' 68 Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. For more information on generation status variables including information on their classifications the questions from which they are derived data quality and their comparability with other sources of data please refer to the Place of Birth Generation Status Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide Census of Population 2016. 69 'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part these are people who are now or once were immigrants to Canada. 70 'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part these are the children of immigrants. 71 'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada. 72 'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. 'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence. 'Immigrant' refers to a person who is or who has ever been a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1 1980 and May 10 2016. For more information on immigration variables including information on their classifications data quality and their comparability with other sources of data please refer to the Place of Birth Generation Status Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide Census of Population 2016. 73 'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs to own and manage or to build a business to make a substantial investment to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs. 74 'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence. 75 'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence. 76 'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse partner parent grand-parent child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category. 77 'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race religion nationality membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency another designated referral organization or private sponsors. 78 'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories. 79 Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian) Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act 1982 section 35 (2) as including the Indian Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables including information on their classifications the questions from which they are derived data quality and their comparability with other sources of data refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide Census of Population 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report Census of Population 2016. 80 'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian) Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act 1982 section 35 (2) as including the Indian Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. 81 'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group that is First Nations (North American Indian) Métis or Inuk (Inuit). 82 Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide Census of Population 2016. 83 'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian) Métis or Inuk (Inuit). 84 'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian) Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band. 85 Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians. Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables including information on their classifications the questions from which they are derived data quality and their comparability with other sources of data please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide Census of Population 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report Census of Population 2016. 86 'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians. 87 Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada that is First Nations (North American Indian) Métis and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act 1982 section 35 (2) as including the Indian Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin. Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables including information on their classifications the questions from which they are derived data quality and their comparability with other sources of data refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide Census of Population 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report Census of Population 2016. 88 'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian) Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry. 89 'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian) Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry. 90 'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian) Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry. 91 'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian) Métis and/or Inuit ancestry as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry. 92 'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian) Métis or Inuit ancestry as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry. 93 'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian) Métis and Inuit ancestries as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry. 94 'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only. 95 Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and if so the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons other than Aboriginal peoples who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian Chinese Black Filipino Latin American Arab Southeast Asian West Asian Korean and Japanese. For more information on the Visible minority variable including information on its classification the questions from which it is derived data quality and its comparability with other sources of data please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide Census of Population 2016. 96 The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons other than Aboriginal peoples who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' 97 For example 'East Indian ' 'Pakistani ' 'Sri Lankan' etc. 98 For example 'Vietnamese ' 'Cambodian ' 'Laotian ' 'Thai ' etc. 99 For example 'Afghan ' 'Iranian ' etc. 100 The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese ' 'West Indian ' 'Tibetan ' 'Polynesian ' 'Pacific Islander ' etc. 101 Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses e.g. 'Black' and 'South Asian.' 102 Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18) as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group. 103 This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census. 'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide Census of Population 2016. 104 Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g. 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Maritimer'). 105 Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g. 'British ' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Celtic'). 106 Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g. 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Liechtensteiner'). 107 Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g. 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Faroese ' 'Scandinavian'). 108 Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian ' not otherwise specified. 109 Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g. 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Baltic'). 110 Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian ' not otherwise specified. 111 Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g. 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Gibraltarian'). 112 Includes responses of 'Slavic ' not otherwise specified. 113 Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g. 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Central European'). 114 Includes responses of 'West Indian ' not otherwise specified. 115 Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g. 'Antilles ' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Aruban'). 116 Includes general responses indicating Latin Central or South American origins (e.g. 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Surinamese'). 117 Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g. 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Luba ' 'Mossi'). 118 Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g. 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Maghreb'). 119 Includes responses of 'Bantu ' not otherwise specified. 120 Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g. 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Hutu ' 'Shona'). 121 Includes responses of 'Black ' not otherwise specified. 122 Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g. 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Saharan'). 123 Includes responses of 'Arab ' not otherwise specified. 124 Includes general responses indicating West Asian Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g. 'West Asian ' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Baloch ' 'Circassian'). 125 Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g. 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Telugu'). 126 Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g. 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Bruneian'). 127 Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g. 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Eurasian'). 128 Includes responses of 'Polynesian ' not otherwise specified. 129 Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g. 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Tahitian'). 130 Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative. For historical and statutory reasons shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore a special category band housing has been created and is included in the classification of tenure. 131 Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others. 132 Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now even if they were not originally built as bedrooms such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms. 133 Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms halls vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g. L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements). 134 Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling. 135 Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms as calculated using the NOS. Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies. 136 Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed not the time of any later remodelling additions or conversions. 137 Includes data up to May 10 2016. 138 Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions. 139 Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers. A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent or the mortgage or the taxes or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments the first person listed is selected by default. 140 Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent or the mortgage or the taxes or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments the first person listed is selected by default. The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally an adult is listed first followed if applicable by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person. 141 Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs. Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero. Private households living in band housing located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded. The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016 while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well for some households the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year. For more information on household total income or shelter costs refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost. 142 Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling. 143 Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling. Shelter costs for owner households include where applicable mortgage payments property taxes and condominium fees along with the costs of electricity heat water and other municipal services. For renter households shelter costs include where applicable the rent and the costs of electricity heat water and other municipal services. 144 Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold. In the context of dwelling it refers to the value of the entire dwelling including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure such as a garage which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings or a combination of residential and business premises all of which the household owns the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides. 145 Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income social housing public housing government-assisted housing non-profit housing rent supplements and housing allowances. 146 Highest certificate diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.' This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions which asked for all certificates diplomas and degrees to be reported. The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school trades college university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level someone who has completed one type of certificate diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly it gives a general measure of educational attainment. This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households. Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate diploma or degree' available in the Education Reference Guide Census of Population 2016 Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013. 147 'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate diploma or degree. 148 'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges institutes of technology vocational centres and similar institutions. 149 'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations. 150 'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes for example Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates. 151 'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study. This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate diploma or degree classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016. This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study ' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions. There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training. This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households. This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies ' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification see the Classification of Instructional Programs Canada 2016. For information on collection classification and data quality for this variable refer to the Education Reference Guide Census of Population 2016 Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013. Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21 32 to 37 and 53 which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study. 152 'No postsecondary certificate diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate diploma or degree. 153 'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies ' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies ' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.' 154 'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution ' '30.10 Biopsychology ' '30.11 Gerontology ' '30.14 Museology/museum studies ' '30.15 Science technology and society ' '30.17 Behavioural sciences ' '30.20 International/global studies ' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies ' '30.25 Cognitive science ' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis ' '30.28 Dispute resolution ' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.' 155 'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences ' '30.19 Nutrition sciences ' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.' 156 'Interdisciplinary mathematics computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory ' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.' 157 'Location of study' refers to either: *the province territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate diploma or degree or; *the province territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period or for a specific level of education. In both cases location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate diploma or degree not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected not the boundaries at the time of study. This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population a different Canadian province or territory or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate diploma or degree. 'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification the class 'Canada' is not used. This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households. For information on collection classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence ' refer to the Education Reference Guide Census of Population 2016 Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013. 158 'Postsecondary certificate diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma ' 'college CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates diplomas and degrees. 159 Refers to all locations of study outside Canada including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies. 160 The official name of United States is United States of America. 161 The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland Wales England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories). 162 China excludes Hong Kong and Macao. 163 Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday May 1 to Saturday May 7 2016. Early enumeration was conducted in remote isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016 the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated. In the past this variable was called Labour force activity. 164 Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held even if only for a few hours and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week). 165 Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016 but not in 2015. 166 Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015. 167 Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week. 168 Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed. 169 Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1 2015. 170 Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who during the week of Sunday May 1 to Saturday May 7 2016 were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016. 171 Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help as well as unpaid family workers. 172 Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016. 173 Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012. 174 Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home worked outside Canada had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work). 175 The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence but this may not always be the case. Sometimes respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting. 176 Refers to the length of time in minutes usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work. 177 Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work. 178 Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often. For more information on language variables including information on their classifications the questions from which they are derived data quality and their comparability with other sources of data please refer to the Languages Reference Guide Census of Population 2016. n.i.e. = not included elsewhere n.o.s. = not otherwise specified Refers to the language used most often at work as reported on May 10 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1 2015. 179 Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages if any that the person uses in their job on a regular basis other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work. For more information on language variables including information on their classifications the questions from which they are derived data quality and their comparability with other sources of data please refer to the Languages Reference Guide Census of Population 2016. 180 Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day May 10 2016 in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city town township village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city town township village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date. 181 Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day May 10 2016 in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city town township village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city town township village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date. Data quality: Lakeshore; Town [Census subdivision]; Ontario Global non-response rate (GNR) short-form census questionnaire: 3.6% Global non-response rate (GNR) long-form census questionnaire: 4.9% Greater Vancouver; Regional district [Census division]; British Columbia Global non-response rate (GNR) short-form census questionnaire: 4.4% Global non-response rate (GNR) long-form census questionnaire: 5.7% Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population. How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29 2017. http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E