Census Profile, 2016 Census
La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec and Gloucester, County [Census division], New Brunswick

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau, MRC Quebec [Census division]			Gloucester, CT New Brunswick [Census division]
	Data quality , La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec Map : La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Gloucester, County [Census division], New Brunswick Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	20,182	...	...	78,444	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	20,530	...	...	79,943^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-1.7	...	...	-1.9	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	15,363	...	...	38,789	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	9,392	...	...	34,701	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1.6	...	...	16.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	12,480.50	...	...	4,743.67	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	20,185	10,220	9,965	78,445	38,770	39,675
0 to 14 years	2,655	1,385	1,270	8,950	4,625	4,325
0 to 4 years	895	475	425	2,660	1,375	1,280
5 to 9 years	855	430	420	3,100	1,615	1,485
10 to 14 years	910	480	430	3,200	1,635	1,560
15 to 64 years	12,800	6,505	6,295	50,765	25,215	25,555
15 to 19 years	930	515	415	3,775	1,945	1,825
20 to 24 years	920	470	445	3,530	1,855	1,670
25 to 29 years	865	430	440	3,200	1,635	1,570
30 to 34 years	920	450	475	3,550	1,735	1,815
35 to 39 years	880	445	435	4,185	2,045	2,135
40 to 44 years	1,040	525	520	4,875	2,380	2,495
45 to 49 years	1,350	670	680	5,745	2,835	2,905
50 to 54 years	1,785	910	870	7,060	3,480	3,580
55 to 59 years	2,080	1,040	1,040	7,535	3,720	3,810
60 to 64 years	2,035	1,060	980	7,320	3,580	3,740
65 years and over	4,730	2,330	2,400	18,725	8,930	9,790
65 to 69 years	1,670	845	825	6,570	3,260	3,310
70 to 74 years	1,290	655	635	4,710	2,380	2,330
75 to 79 years	810	400	410	3,190	1,555	1,635
80 to 84 years	530	260	265	2,150	1,010	1,140
85 years and over	430	175	260	2,105	725	1,380
85 to 89 years	295	135	165	1,225	465	760
90 to 94 years	105	35	70	685	215	465
95 to 99 years	20	5	20	165	30	130
100 years and over	5	5	5	30	10	20
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	13.2	13.6	12.7	11.4	11.9	10.9
15 to 64 years	63.4	63.6	63.2	64.7	65.0	64.4
65 years and over	23.4	22.8	24.1	23.9	23.0	24.7
85 years and over	2.1	1.7	2.6	2.7	1.9	3.5
Average age of the population	46.7	46.2	47.2	47.4	46.6	48.1
Median age of the population	51.7	51.5	52.1	51.1	50.5	51.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	9,390	...	...	34,700	...	...
Single-detached house	7,700	...	...	27,475	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	5	...	...	10	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	1,570	...	...	6,260	...	...
Semi-detached house	250	...	...	1,140	...	...
Row house	85	...	...	965	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	345	...	...	1,180	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	805	...	...	2,770	...	...
Other single-attached house	80	...	...	205	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	125	...	...	955	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	9,395	...	...	34,705	...	...
1 person	3,190	...	...	10,125	...	...
2 persons	3,795	...	...	14,045	...	...
3 persons	1,210	...	...	5,700	...	...
4 persons	805	...	...	3,545	...	...
5 or more persons	395	...	...	1,290	...	...
Number of persons in private households	19,795	...	...	76,475	...	...
Average household size	2.1	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	17,525	8,835	8,695	69,490	34,140	35,345
Married or living common law	9,840	4,925	4,915	39,945	19,955	19,990
Married	6,255	3,130	3,120	28,350	14,175	14,180
Living common law	3,590	1,795	1,790	11,595	5,775	5,810
Not married and not living common law	7,685	3,905	3,780	29,545	14,195	15,355
Never married	4,695	2,705	1,990	18,460	10,295	8,160
Separated	335	180	160	2,715	1,265	1,455
Divorced	1,285	665	625	3,205	1,500	1,705
Widowed	1,370	355	1,010	5,170	1,130	4,035
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	6,000	...	...	24,025	...	...
2 persons	3,845	...	...	14,710	...	...
3 persons	1,160	...	...	5,400	...	...
4 persons	710	...	...	3,175	...	...
5 or more persons	275	...	...	745	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	6,000	...	...	24,020	...	...
Total couple families	4,845	...	...	19,685	...	...
Married couples	3,050	...	...	13,890	...	...
Common-law couples	1,790	...	...	5,795	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,150	...	...	4,340	...	...
Female parent	850	...	...	3,365	...	...
Male parent	305	...	...	975	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	4,845	...	...	19,685	...	...
Couples without children	3,095	...	...	11,705	...	...
Couples with children	1,745	...	...	7,980	...	...
1 child	865	...	...	4,365	...	...
2 children	630	...	...	2,935	...	...
3 or more children	250	...	...	680	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,155	...	...	4,340	...	...
1 child	750	...	...	3,000	...	...
2 children	300	...	...	1,035	...	...
3 or more children	110	...	...	300	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	4,260	2,260	2,005	14,270	7,020	7,245
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	9,390	...	...	34,700	...	...
One-census-family households	5,805	...	...	22,830	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	3,015	...	...	11,230	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	2,790	...	...	11,600	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	100	...	...	590	...	...
Non-census-family households	3,495	...	...	11,280	...	...
One-person households	3,185	...	...	10,125	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	305	...	...	1,155	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	20,025	10,160	9,860	77,065	38,215	38,850
English only	1,870	960	915	6,540	3,370	3,170
French only	9,935	4,715	5,225	31,525	14,960	16,565
English and French	8,205	4,480	3,725	38,940	19,850	19,085
Neither English nor French	5	5	5	60	30	25
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	20,020	10,160	9,865	77,065	38,215	38,850
English	3,335	1,720	1,615	11,425	5,620	5,805
French	16,555	8,375	8,180	65,315	32,440	32,880
English and French	125	65	55	270	125	145
Neither English nor French	5	5	5	55	25	25
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	3,400	1,755	1,650	65,455	32,500	32,950
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	17.0	17.3	16.7	84.9	85.0	84.8
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	20,025	10,160	9,865	77,065	38,215	38,850
Single responses	19,670	9,965	9,705	76,200	37,770	38,425
Official languages	19,210	9,760	9,450	75,685	37,505	38,180
English	2,880	1,500	1,380	10,795	5,300	5,495
French	16,330	8,260	8,075	64,890	32,210	32,675
Non-official languages	460	210	250	515	265	250
Aboriginal languages	270	120	155	5	5	5
Algonquian languages	270	120	150	5	5	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	0	0	5	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	5	5	5
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	265	120	150	0	0	0
Algonquin	260	115	145	0	0	0
Ojibway	5	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	185	90	95	505	260	245
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	95	55	35
Berber languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	5	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	5	5	90	55	40
Amharic	0	0	0	5	0	5
Arabic	15	5	5	85	50	35
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	5	0	15	10	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	0	0	20	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	5	55	15	40
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	5	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	0	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	5
Malay	0	0	0	0	5	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	0	30	10	25
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	5	10	20	10	10
Haitian Creole	5	0	0	5	5	5
Creole, n.o.s.	5	5	5	15	5	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	5
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	5
Telugu	0	0	0	5	5	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	125	60	65	205	105	100
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	25	10	20	20	10	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	30	10	20	20	10	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	5	5	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	0	5	5	5	0
Russian	5	0	0	5	0	5
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	0	5	5	5	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	25	10	10	75	35	35
Afrikaans	0	0	0	5	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	5	0	5	10	0	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	20	15	10	55	30	30
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Swedish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	15	10	10	5	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	20	5	10
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	5	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	5	0	10	5	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	55	25	25	80	45	40
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	15	5	5	15	10	10
Portuguese	10	5	5	10	5	5
Romanian	5	5	5	15	10	5
Spanish	20	10	15	40	20	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	35	15	15
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	15	5	5	15	10	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	5	0	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	10	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	10	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	5	5	35	15	20
Chinese languages	10	5	5	30	15	20
Cantonese	0	0	0	15	5	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	0	0	5	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	5	5	5	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	0	5	10	5	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	5	5	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	355	195	160	870	445	420
English and French	305	170	140	810	415	395
English and non-official language	30	20	15	20	10	10
French and non-official language	5	5	5	25	15	10
English, French and non-official language	0	5	0	15	5	5
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	20,025	10,160	9,865	77,065	38,215	38,850
Single responses	19,645	9,965	9,680	76,045	37,725	38,315
Official languages	19,540	9,920	9,620	75,825	37,610	38,215
English	3,240	1,690	1,550	12,550	6,210	6,340
French	16,295	8,235	8,065	63,280	31,400	31,880
Non-official languages	105	45	60	220	115	100
Aboriginal languages	65	25	45	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	70	25	45	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	70	25	40	0	0	0
Algonquin	70	25	40	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	35	15	20	220	115	100
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	55	25	25
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	55	25	25
Amharic	0	0	0	5	5	5
Arabic	0	5	0	50	25	20
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	10	5	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	20	10	10	70	40	35
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0	0	5	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	5	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	5	15	5	5
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	5	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	15	5	5
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	5	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	10	5	40	20	20
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	10	5	0
Romanian	5	0	0	5	5	0
Spanish	5	5	5	25	10	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	30	20	15
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	5	0	20	15	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	5	0	25	15	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	5	5	15	10	10
Chinese languages	10	5	5	10	5	5
Cantonese	0	0	0	10	0	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	0	5	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	5	0	5	5	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	380	195	180	1,020	490	530
English and French	275	150	130	925	440	485
English and non-official language	55	25	30	45	20	25
French and non-official language	30	15	15	30	20	15
English, French and non-official language	15	10	5	15	10	10
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	20,020	10,160	9,865	77,065	38,215	38,850
None	17,615	8,930	8,685	67,305	33,455	33,850
English	1,550	810	740	6,720	3,305	3,410
French	600	310	290	2,775	1,320	1,455
Non-official language	230	100	125	220	110	110
Aboriginal	165	70	95	0	5	0
Non-Aboriginal	65	35	30	215	105	110
English and French	5	0	0	5	0	5
English and non-official language	10	5	5	35	15	15
French and non-official language	15	5	15	15	5	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	17,140	8,680	8,465	67,545	33,335	34,205
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	16,600	8,395	8,210	65,250	32,320	32,930
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,628	28,470	22,995	27,373	33,666	22,249
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	16,605	8,395	8,215	65,275	32,325	32,950
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	24,189	26,517	21,911	25,130	30,028	21,067
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	13,090	6,790	6,295	51,995	27,100	24,895
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	23,033	25,448	20,907	23,491	28,376	19,523
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	14,065	7,055	7,015	53,910	25,870	28,040
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,559	9,427	9,648	10,626	12,519	9,081
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	10,100	5,365	4,735	43,275	23,120	20,145
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	23,768	25,573	21,971	23,302	27,121	20,462
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	17,135	8,660	8,475	67,545	33,335	34,205
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	16,580	8,340	8,245	65,175	32,300	32,875
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,545	35,412	29,645	35,461	42,861	28,193
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	16,580	8,335	8,250	65,190	32,295	32,900
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,220	30,315	26,101	30,214	35,635	24,892
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	13,140	6,785	6,355	51,820	27,060	24,755
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,161	32,892	27,245	33,500	39,815	26,598
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	13,975	7,000	6,975	53,960	25,980	27,980
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	10,250	10,292	10,209	10,663	11,810	9,597
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	10,105	5,310	4,790	43,270	23,235	20,035
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,239	32,039	28,245	33,413	38,631	27,361
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	17,135	8,660	8,475	67,540	33,335	34,205
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	3,880	2,005	1,880	13,980	6,775	7,205
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	39,592	44,076	36,563	44,564	50,858	39,890
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	43,792	46,189	41,226	51,622	59,276	44,427
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	73.4	75.7	70.5	75.1	77.8	71.1
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	56.2	57.1	55.0	62.2	64.4	59.0
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	26.6	24.3	29.5	24.9	22.2	28.9
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	17,145	8,680	8,465	67,545	33,335	34,210
Without total income	540	285	255	2,285	1,010	1,280
With total income	16,600	8,395	8,210	65,255	32,325	32,930
Percentage with total income	96.8	96.7	97.0	96.6	97.0	96.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,310	1,085	1,225	9,310	3,565	5,745
$10,000 to $19,999	4,170	1,825	2,340	14,595	5,585	9,010
$20,000 to $29,999	2,960	1,465	1,495	11,640	4,945	6,695
$30,000 to $39,999	2,245	1,170	1,075	9,825	5,435	4,385
$40,000 to $49,999	1,795	1,000	790	6,380	3,660	2,715
$50,000 to $59,999	1,160	690	470	3,795	2,410	1,380
$60,000 to $69,999	715	405	305	2,645	1,730	910
$70,000 to $79,999	515	285	225	2,250	1,320	930
$80,000 to $89,999	280	150	130	1,500	930	565
$90,000 to $99,999	155	90	60	850	625	230
$100,000 and over	310	220	90	2,465	2,110	355
$100,000 to $149,999	230	165	70	1,820	1,555	260
$150,000 and over	80	55	20	645	555	90
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	17,145	8,675	8,465	67,540	33,335	34,205
Without after-tax income	535	285	250	2,270	1,010	1,260
With after-tax income	16,610	8,390	8,215	65,275	32,325	32,950
Percentage with after-tax income	96.9	96.7	97.0	96.6	97.0	96.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,370	1,095	1,275	9,515	3,605	5,915
$10,000 to $19,999	4,355	1,920	2,440	15,490	5,920	9,565
$20,000 to $29,999	3,515	1,765	1,750	14,280	6,615	7,665
$30,000 to $39,999	2,720	1,490	1,230	10,395	5,945	4,450
$40,000 to $49,999	1,730	1,010	720	6,030	3,675	2,355
$50,000 to $59,999	960	530	430	3,625	2,315	1,310
$60,000 to $69,999	475	265	210	2,580	1,540	1,040
$70,000 to $79,999	195	115	80	1,245	920	330
$80,000 and over	285	205	85	2,110	1,790	315
$80,000 to $89,999	115	80	35	750	625	120
$90,000 to $99,999	45	35	10	440	380	60
$100,000 and over	125	85	40	920	785	135
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	17,145	8,680	8,465	67,545	33,335	34,205
Without employment income	7,040	3,310	3,725	24,270	10,210	14,060
With employment income	10,100	5,365	4,735	43,275	23,120	20,145
Percentage with employment income	58.9	61.8	55.9	64.1	69.4	58.9
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,635	880	755	5,965	3,105	2,860
$5,000 to $9,999	935	415	525	4,425	1,885	2,535
$10,000 to $19,999	1,890	955	935	8,895	4,405	4,485
$20,000 to $29,999	1,440	725	710	6,400	2,955	3,450
$30,000 to $39,999	1,295	705	590	4,585	2,485	2,105
$40,000 to $49,999	920	510	410	3,460	1,880	1,575
$50,000 to $59,999	675	405	270	2,330	1,495	835
$60,000 to $69,999	470	260	210	1,835	1,150	680
$70,000 to $79,999	360	205	155	1,770	935	835
$80,000 and over	485	305	180	3,615	2,820	790
$80,000 to $89,999	185	100	90	1,135	730	405
$90,000 to $99,999	110	75	40	655	495	160
$100,000 and over	190	135	50	1,825	1,600	225
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	9,390	...	...	34,700	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	46,072	...	...	52,793	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	41,913	...	...	47,671	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	3,185	...	...	10,120	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	23,147	...	...	23,923	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	22,368	...	...	22,839	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	6,205	...	...	24,575	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	60,760	...	...	67,619	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	54,897	...	...	60,153	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	9,390	...	...	34,705	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	57,450	...	...	66,602	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	49,825	...	...	56,763	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	3,210	...	...	10,125	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,648	...	...	32,574	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,571	...	...	28,109	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	6,185	...	...	24,575	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	70,837	...	...	80,618	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	61,372	...	...	68,564	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	9,390	...	...	34,700	...	...
Under $5,000	140	...	...	265	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	230	...	...	1,055	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	450	...	...	790	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	775	...	...	2,710	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	640	...	...	1,890	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	585	...	...	2,180	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	720	...	...	2,260	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	540	...	...	2,030	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	520	...	...	1,720	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	520	...	...	1,565	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	860	...	...	3,010	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	740	...	...	2,560	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	565	...	...	2,315	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	475	...	...	1,945	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	355	...	...	1,525	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,290	...	...	6,875	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	595	...	...	2,810	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	360	...	...	1,755	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	235	...	...	1,550	...	...
$200,000 and over	100	...	...	760	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	9,390	...	...	34,705	...	...
Under $5,000	145	...	...	275	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	225	...	...	1,065	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	455	...	...	800	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	815	...	...	2,835	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	670	...	...	2,175	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	660	...	...	2,415	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	825	...	...	2,525	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	675	...	...	2,245	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	630	...	...	1,970	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	540	...	...	1,980	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	950	...	...	3,430	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	780	...	...	2,995	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	550	...	...	2,345	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	420	...	...	1,885	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	285	...	...	1,440	...	...
$100,000 and over	770	...	...	4,325	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	475	...	...	2,365	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	155	...	...	1,065	...	...
$150,000 and over	140	...	...	900	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	6,010	...	...	23,815	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	60,838	...	...	67,392	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	54,981	...	...	60,007	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	2,950	...	...	10,885	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	57,088	...	...	59,432	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	50,560	...	...	53,080	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	1,775	...	...	8,205	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	84,309	...	...	96,477	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	74,240	...	...	83,548	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.8	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,100	...	...	3,930	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	40,608	...	...	42,707	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	38,720	...	...	40,613	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	6,010	...	...	23,775	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	70,479	...	...	80,699	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	61,011	...	...	68,568	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	2,970	...	...	10,790	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	65,916	...	...	71,522	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	56,538	...	...	60,486	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	1,755	...	...	8,270	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	94,184	...	...	106,674	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	81,112	...	...	89,671	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,115	...	...	3,895	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,729	...	...	52,266	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	42,167	...	...	46,711	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	3,770	2,040	1,730	12,410	6,210	6,200
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	22,272	23,733	21,056	23,686	28,256	21,096
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	21,572	22,837	20,728	22,522	25,468	20,664
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	3,785	2,020	1,765	12,355	6,140	6,220
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	30,670	32,808	28,232	31,743	36,147	27,392
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	26,782	28,039	25,348	27,455	30,532	24,415
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	19,795	10,060	9,730	76,475	37,950	38,525
In the bottom half of the distribution	14,005	7,035	6,965	48,190	23,255	24,935
In the bottom decile	3,025	1,515	1,505	8,100	3,630	4,465
In the second decile	3,440	1,675	1,765	12,200	5,580	6,615
In the third decile	2,845	1,400	1,445	10,010	4,885	5,115
In the fourth decile	2,505	1,285	1,220	9,345	4,780	4,570
In the fifth decile	2,190	1,165	1,025	8,530	4,370	4,165
In the top half of the distribution	5,790	3,025	2,765	28,285	14,690	13,595
In the sixth decile	2,020	1,045	980	7,805	4,015	3,790
In the seventh decile	1,405	740	670	6,985	3,595	3,390
In the eighth decile	1,195	625	565	6,265	3,205	3,060
In the ninth decile	740	390	345	4,400	2,340	2,060
In the top decile	435	220	210	2,830	1,540	1,290
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	18,575	9,450	9,130	76,340	37,875	38,465
0 to 17 years	2,875	1,500	1,375	11,175	5,740	5,430
0 to 5 years	940	490	450	3,250	1,670	1,580
18 to 64 years	11,420	5,780	5,640	47,795	23,660	24,140
65 years and over	4,280	2,170	2,115	17,375	8,475	8,900
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	4,400	2,185	2,210	14,880	6,695	8,190
0 to 17 years	815	435	380	2,590	1,325	1,265
0 to 5 years	270	150	130	890	460	425
18 to 64 years	2,475	1,225	1,255	7,310	3,215	4,100
65 years and over	1,115	530	585	4,985	2,155	2,825
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	23.7	23.1	24.2	19.5	17.7	21.3
0 to 17 years (%)	28.3	29.0	27.6	23.2	23.1	23.3
0 to 5 years (%)	28.7	30.6	28.9	27.4	27.5	26.9
18 to 64 years (%)	21.7	21.2	22.3	15.3	13.6	17.0
65 years and over (%)	26.1	24.4	27.7	28.7	25.4	31.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	1,430	775	655	4,185	1,995	2,190
0 to 17 years	235	135	100	725	355	370
0 to 5 years	85	50	40	245	130	110
18 to 64 years	1,135	610	525	3,200	1,520	1,685
65 years and over	55	30	25	255	120	135
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	7.7	8.2	7.2	5.5	5.3	5.7
0 to 17 years (%)	8.2	9.0	7.3	6.5	6.2	6.8
0 to 5 years (%)	9.0	10.2	8.9	7.5	7.8	7.0
18 to 64 years (%)	9.9	10.6	9.3	6.7	6.4	7.0
65 years and over (%)	1.3	1.4	1.2	1.5	1.4	1.5
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	19,795	10,075	9,720	76,475	37,950	38,525
Official languages	19,795	10,075	9,720	76,395	37,905	38,490
English	9,960	5,440	4,520	45,330	23,125	22,210
French	17,885	9,080	8,805	69,930	34,570	35,365
Non-official languages	910	410	500	1,160	600	565
Aboriginal languages	490	210	285	15	10	10
Algonquian languages	480	200	275	15	10	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	10	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	15	0	10
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	465	190	270	0	0	0
Algonquin	445	185	255	0	0	0
Ojibway	25	10	15	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	415	200	215	1,150	595	560
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	20	10	160	100	60
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	25	20	0	160	100	65
Amharic	0	0	0	30	20	10
Arabic	25	20	0	130	85	50
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	10	0	25	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	90	25	65
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	10	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	10	80	25	60
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	10	0	30	25	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	10	0	10
Creole, n.o.s.	10	0	0	20	20	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	350	165	190	680	350	320
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	30	10	20	25	15	15
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	30	10	20	25	15	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	10	10	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	0	15	0	0	0
Russian	0	10	0	15	10	10
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	60	30	35	120	70	50
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	15	10	10	25	10	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	55	30	25	100	60	40
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	35	25	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	50	30	20
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	10	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	45	25	20
Kurdish	0	0	0	40	20	15
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	245	110	135	495	245	250
Catalan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Italian	20	10	10	60	35	20
Portuguese	20	10	0	10	10	10
Romanian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Spanish	215	95	120	440	215	225
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	10	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	55	25	25
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	10	0	45	30	20
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	10	10	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	10	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	10	0	10
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	25	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	0	10	40	25	20
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	15	20
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	0	70	35	35
Chinese languages	0	0	0	70	35	35
Cantonese	0	0	0	35	20	15
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	45	25	20
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	10	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	0	10	15	10	10
Estonian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	10	10	10	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	19,795	10,075	9,720	76,475	37,950	38,530
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	19,710	10,030	9,675	75,975	37,690	38,285
Canadian citizens aged under 18	3,255	1,745	1,510	11,095	5,675	5,420
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	16,455	8,290	8,165	64,885	32,015	32,865
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	85	45	40	505	260	245
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	19,795	10,080	9,715	76,475	37,950	38,525
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	19,460	9,905	9,555	75,390	37,375	38,020
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	305	160	150	1,025	535	490
Before 1981	165	90	75	370	215	155
1981 to 1990	25	10	15	70	40	25
1991 to 2000	45	30	20	75	25	45
2001 to 2010	50	25	25	250	120	125
2001 to 2005	15	10	10	100	45	50
2006 to 2010	35	20	15	155	75	75
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	10	10	10	255	125	130
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	30	15	15	60	40	20
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	305	160	145	1,025	535	490
Under 5 years	45	20	20	160	70	85
5 to 14 years	65	40	25	220	115	105
15 to 24 years	50	15	35	140	80	60
25 to 44 years	135	75	60	390	190	195
45 years and over	10	0	10	110	75	35
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	305	155	150	1,025	535	490
Americas	90	40	55	270	125	140
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	10	10	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	10	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	10	10	0	30	15	10
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	10	0	10
Peru	0	0	0	10	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	10	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	55	25	30	165	75	90
Other places of birth in Americas	30	10	20	40	20	15
Europe	170	95	75	370	210	155
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	85	50	35	105	75	35
Germany	15	10	10	55	25	30
Greece	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hungary	10	0	0	0	10	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Italy	10	0	0	20	15	10
Netherlands	10	10	10	20	15	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portugal	10	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	10	10	10
Russian Federation	0	0	0	10	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	10	0	90	55	40
Other places of birth in Europe	20	10	10	45	15	30
Africa	30	15	15	115	75	45
Algeria	0	0	0	10	10	0
Egypt	0	0	0	10	10	10
Ethiopia	0	0	0	15	0	10
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	15	15	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	25	10	15	60	35	25
Asia	15	10	0	275	120	150
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	45	15	35
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	10	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	45	20	25
Lebanon	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	70	20	50
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	35	15	15
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	10	0	0	30	15	15
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	30	15	15
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	10	0	0	260	130	130
Americas	10	0	0	40	25	15
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	10	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	25	10	15
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	10	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	60	30	30
France	0	0	0	55	35	20
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	10	10	10	45	25	20
Algeria	0	0	0	0	10	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	10	0	10	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	10	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	35	15	20
Asia	0	0	0	115	55	65
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	10	10	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	35	15	25
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	30	15	15
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	10	10	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	15	10	10
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	19,790	10,075	9,715	76,475	37,950	38,530
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	425	225	205	1,140	600	540
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	465	250	215	1,170	565	600
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	18,905	9,600	9,305	74,170	36,785	37,390
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	150	75	70	665	330	330
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	70	40	30	285	140	140
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	40	25	15	115	70	40
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	30	15	15	165	65	100
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	55	25	35	320	150	170
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	20	10	10	60	35	25
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	10	0	0	10	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	19,795	10,075	9,715	76,475	37,950	38,525
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	4,620	2,355	2,270	3,025	1,700	1,325
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	4,495	2,300	2,190	2,780	1,570	1,215
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	2,050	1,025	1,020	1,020	605	415
Métis	2,435	1,265	1,170	1,740	960	780
Inuk (Inuit)	10	10	0	25	10	20
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	85	40	45	100	50	50
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	45	15	35	145	85	60
Non-Aboriginal identity	15,175	7,720	7,450	73,450	36,250	37,200
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	19,795	10,075	9,715	76,475	37,950	38,525
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	1,875	985	890	810	470	345
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	17,920	9,085	8,830	75,665	37,475	38,180
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	19,790	10,075	9,715	76,475	37,950	38,530
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	2,335	1,240	1,095	1,570	825	745
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	2,295	1,225	1,065	1,495	775	725
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	1,700	905	795	1,020	540	485
Métis single ancestry	590	315	270	455	240	220
Inuit single ancestry	10	10	0	20	0	20
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	40	15	30	75	45	25
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	40	15	25	75	50	25
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	2,950	1,470	1,475	3,430	1,830	1,595
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	2,780	1,360	1,420	3,270	1,745	1,525
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,950	950	1,000	2,395	1,215	1,180
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	815	400	415	860	515	345
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	10	0	15	15	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	170	110	55	160	85	70
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	160	105	50	155	80	70
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	10	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	10	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	14,510	7,370	7,145	71,480	35,295	36,185
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	19,790	10,075	9,720	76,475	37,950	38,525
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	140	85	60	770	385	380
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	15	10	0	35	20	15
Chinese	0	0	0	100	40	65
Black	75	45	25	240	130	110
Filipino	0	0	0	85	25	60
Latin American	15	10	10	70	35	30
Arab	10	0	0	110	70	40
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	10	0	45	20	25
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	55	25	30
Japanese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	10	10	10
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	19,650	9,990	9,660	75,705	37,560	38,140
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	19,795	10,075	9,720	76,475	37,950	38,530
North American Aboriginal origins	5,280	2,705	2,575	4,995	2,650	2,340
First Nations (North American Indian)	3,850	1,970	1,880	3,645	1,890	1,760
Inuit	30	20	10	40	20	20
Métis	1,610	840	770	1,545	885	660
Other North American origins	12,660	6,310	6,350	61,455	30,350	31,100
Acadian	25	10	15	5,540	2,810	2,730
American	70	25	45	160	95	65
Canadian	12,400	6,220	6,180	57,910	28,555	29,355
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	50	25	25
Newfoundlander	15	10	10	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	10	0	0	10	10	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	200	70	135	145	70	75
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	7,655	3,930	3,720	25,825	12,775	13,055
British Isles origins	3,210	1,645	1,565	10,115	4,890	5,225
Channel Islander	0	0	0	30	10	20
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	840	445	395	3,850	1,775	2,070
Irish	2,280	1,130	1,150	5,820	2,845	2,970
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	815	415	400	3,210	1,545	1,660
Welsh	40	30	15	35	15	20
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	60	40	20	155	75	80
French origins	5,065	2,605	2,465	18,780	9,295	9,485
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	10	0	10	15	0	15
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	5,065	2,605	2,460	18,780	9,295	9,485
Western European origins (except French origins)	720	340	385	1,095	535	560
Austrian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	40	20	25	45	30	15
Dutch	80	35	45	285	120	160
Flemish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	590	285	305	750	370	380
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	10	0
Swiss	25	10	20	30	15	15
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	125	80	45	140	70	75
Danish	60	40	25	65	20	45
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	10	10	0	10	10	0
Norwegian	10	0	0	40	30	20
Swedish	35	25	15	15	10	15
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	15	10	10	15	10	0
Eastern European origins	210	100	105	265	140	120
Bulgarian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	10	0	10	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hungarian	15	15	10	40	20	25
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	110	45	60	60	35	20
Romanian	0	0	10	15	0	0
Russian	30	20	15	30	15	15
Slovak	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	45	20	20	95	50	45
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	275	140	135	720	400	320
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	35	25	10	20	0	10
Italian	150	85	65	445	260	190
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	35	10	25	105	50	55
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	35	15	25	160	75	85
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	35	15	20	95	50	40
Basque	0	0	10	10	0	10
Jewish	0	0	10	0	10	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	25	20	10	75	45	30
Caribbean origins	60	30	30	65	45	20
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	15	0	10	10	0	0
Dominican	10	0	10	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	10	0	0	30	20	15
Jamaican	10	10	0	0	10	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	10	15	0
St. Lucian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	10	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	30	20	10	80	45	35
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	10	0	0	20	15	10
Colombian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	10
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	10	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	10	10	10	15	0	15
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	65	45	20	250	125	120
Central and West African origins	15	10	0	90	45	45
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	15	10	10
Cameroonian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	10	0	15	10	10
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	15	10	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	20	10	10	60	40	20
Algerian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Berber	10	10	10	20	0	15
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	10	10	0	15	10	0
Libyan	0	0	0	25	10	20
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	15	15	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	10	10	10	35	15	20
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	30	15	10
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	20	15	10	70	30	35
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	15	15	10	60	30	30
Asian origins	55	35	20	685	300	385
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	10	10	0	315	160	160
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Armenian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	10	10	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	10	10	10
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	10	0	0	160	65	90
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	90	55	40
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	0	10	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	25	10	15	45	15	30
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	25	10	15	45	15	30
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	25	20	0	335	125	205
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	0	10	0	120	50	65
Filipino	10	0	0	125	30	95
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	0	15	10	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	45	20	25
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	10	0	30	10	15
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	10	0	0	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	9,395	...	...	34,700	...	...
Owner	7,080	...	...	27,535	...	...
Renter	2,275	...	...	7,110	...	...
Band housing	35	...	...	50	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	9,390	...	...	34,700	...	...
Condominium	175	...	...	1,060	...	...
Not condominium	9,215	...	...	33,645	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	9,395	...	...	34,705	...	...
No bedrooms	10	...	...	100	...	...
1 bedroom	1,060	...	...	3,290	...	...
2 bedrooms	3,240	...	...	10,690	...	...
3 bedrooms	3,510	...	...	12,645	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,570	...	...	7,980	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	9,395	...	...	34,705	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	2,495	...	...	7,800	...	...
5 rooms	2,115	...	...	6,670	...	...
6 rooms	1,700	...	...	6,150	...	...
7 rooms	1,210	...	...	4,585	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,870	...	...	9,490	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.9	...	...	6.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	9,395	...	...	34,700	...	...
One person or fewer per room	9,335	...	...	34,590	...	...
More than 1 person per room	55	...	...	115	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	9,390	...	...	34,700	...	...
Suitable	9,180	...	...	33,995	...	...
Not suitable	210	...	...	710	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	9,395	...	...	34,700	...	...
1960 or before	2,320	...	...	6,620	...	...
1961 to 1980	3,250	...	...	13,610	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,400	...	...	6,220	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,190	...	...	4,235	...	...
2001 to 2005	355	...	...	1,270	...	...
2006 to 2010	525	...	...	1,400	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	345	...	...	1,350	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	9,395	...	...	34,700	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	8,280	...	...	31,435	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,110	...	...	3,265	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	9,390	...	...	34,700	...	...
1 household maintainer	6,405	...	...	23,095	...	...
2 household maintainers	2,935	...	...	11,260	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	55	...	...	350	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	9,390	...	...	34,700	...	...
15 to 24 years	220	...	...	595	...	...
25 to 34 years	825	...	...	2,840	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,075	...	...	4,680	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,825	...	...	6,885	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,470	...	...	8,365	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,910	...	...	6,760	...	...
75 to 84 years	845	...	...	3,405	...	...
85 years and over	220	...	...	1,170	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	8,760	...	...	34,495	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	7,110	...	...	29,425	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,650	...	...	5,070	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,440	...	...	4,560	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	6,550	...	...	27,465	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	49.3	...	...	48.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	13.6	...	...	9.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	565	...	...	548	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	704	...	...	685	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	139,322	...	...	100,249	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	164,915	...	...	127,244	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,220	...	...	7,100	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	18.0	...	...	18.1	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	34.2	...	...	36.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	541	...	...	573	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	546	...	...	601	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	17,135	8,665	8,475	67,545	33,335	34,210
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,570	3,150	2,420	23,255	12,145	11,105
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	3,780	1,680	2,100	14,835	6,865	7,975
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,790	3,835	3,955	29,455	14,325	15,130
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,670	2,145	1,520	7,650	5,130	2,520
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,565	1,305	1,260	4,025	2,300	1,720
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,105	845	260	3,630	2,835	795
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	2,360	965	1,395	12,995	5,905	7,095
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	420	135	285	1,715	455	1,260
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,335	585	755	7,090	2,835	4,260
Bachelor's degree	960	400	555	5,255	1,950	3,300
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	150	80	70	645	290	360
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	60	40	20	220	120	100
Master's degree	130	35	95	875	410	460
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	35	20	15	100	60	35
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	10,830	5,360	5,465	42,910	21,105	21,810
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,780	1,655	1,130	11,060	6,330	4,725
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	2,260	985	1,275	10,025	4,665	5,365
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,790	2,730	3,060	21,825	10,110	11,715
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,840	1,605	1,235	4,945	3,200	1,750
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,035	995	1,035	2,705	1,490	1,220
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	805	610	195	2,240	1,710	530
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,675	640	1,035	10,395	4,680	5,715
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	295	90	205	1,190	315	875
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	965	385	585	5,285	1,910	3,370
Bachelor's degree	730	285	440	3,985	1,435	2,555
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	85	45	40	465	165	305
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	40	20	20	185	85	95
Master's degree	90	20	75	575	195	390
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	25	15	10	60	35	30
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	17,135	8,665	8,475	67,545	33,335	34,205
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	9,345	4,830	4,520	38,090	19,010	19,075
Education	565	150	420	2,590	715	1,875
13. Education	570	150	420	2,595	715	1,880
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	110	45	60	360	150	205
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	40	20	25	65	55	10
50. Visual and performing arts	70	25	40	295	100	195
Humanities	180	70	110	555	240	315
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	10	0	65	0	60
23. English language and literature/letters	10	10	0	60	10	45
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	95	35	60	190	70	125
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	15	20	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	20	10	0	85	65	20
54. History	15	0	15	75	50	25
55. French language and literature/letters	25	10	20	70	30	40
Social and behavioural sciences and law	480	140	335	1,500	360	1,135
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	10	0	10	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	30	10	25	70	30	30
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	185	10	180	745	65	685
22. Legal professions and studies	60	20	40	170	70	100
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	10	0	40	0	35
42. Psychology	50	20	30	250	80	175
45. Social sciences	140	80	60	225	115	110
Business, management and public administration	1,745	445	1,300	5,975	1,470	4,505
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	10	0	10	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	95	30	55	525	100	425
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,645	405	1,240	5,440	1,365	4,075
Physical and life sciences and technologies	130	50	75	455	265	185
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	40	20	20	140	65	75
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	35	10	20	65	35	25
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	15	0	10	25	0	15
40. Physical sciences	25	15	15	155	120	30
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	10	15	75	40	35
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	150	105	45	700	385	315
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	120	95	30	565	345	220
25. Library science	10	0	10	90	10	80
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	15	0	40	20	15
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,790	1,730	60	8,375	8,185	190
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	0	20	20	0
14. Engineering	80	70	10	430	410	20
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	290	260	25	1,170	1,100	65
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	550	530	15	2,420	2,375	45
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	535	530	0	2,405	2,380	30
48. Precision production	330	330	10	1,930	1,900	30
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	415	335	80	550	430	125
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	130	95	35	230	140	90
03. Natural resources and conservation	285	240	40	320	290	35
Health and related fields	1,295	215	1,075	5,480	795	4,690
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	60	45	15	150	100	55
51. Health professions and related programs	1,235	175	1,060	5,270	650	4,620
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	60	45	15
Personal, protective and transportation services	940	540	400	2,920	1,335	1,580
12. Personal and culinary services	510	175	345	1,670	200	1,470
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	0	10	20	20	0
43. Security and protective services	135	95	35	315	230	85
49. Transportation and materials moving	290	270	20	910	885	25
Other	0	0	0	10	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	10,830	5,365	5,465	42,910	21,105	21,805
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	5,045	2,635	2,405	21,085	10,995	10,090
Education	340	95	245	1,540	350	1,190
13. Education	335	95	240	1,540	345	1,195
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	80	35	45	280	125	150
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	30	20	15	45	40	10
50. Visual and performing arts	45	15	30	235	90	150
Humanities	90	35	50	330	130	205
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	0	45	0	40
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	35	10	25
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	60	30	35	110	35	75
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	0	10	50	35	20
54. History	0	0	10	55	35	10
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	35	10	30
Social and behavioural sciences and law	385	95	285	1,165	225	940
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0	10	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	30	10	20	55	30	30
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	150	0	145	610	45	560
22. Legal professions and studies	45	10	35	135	40	95
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	10	0	40	0	35
42. Psychology	50	20	25	175	45	125
45. Social sciences	100	45	55	150	55	90
Business, management and public administration	1,350	300	1,045	4,810	1,125	3,680
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	70	20	50	405	70	340
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,275	275	1,000	4,395	1,060	3,335
Physical and life sciences and technologies	85	30	50	320	160	160
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	20	10	10	105	50	60
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	20	0	15	40	20	20
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	10	20	0	15
40. Physical sciences	20	10	10	90	65	30
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	10	15	60	30	35
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	125	85	40	590	315	275
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	105	75	30	495	295	200
25. Library science	10	0	10	70	10	65
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	10	0	20	10	15
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,220	1,175	40	5,820	5,670	145
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	10	20	20	0
14. Engineering	45	45	0	315	305	15
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	205	180	20	915	855	60
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	320	315	10	1,560	1,535	25
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	405	400	10	1,650	1,620	30
48. Precision production	245	240	0	1,355	1,335	25
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	355	285	70	445	340	110
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	100	65	30	180	105	80
03. Natural resources and conservation	260	220	35	265	235	30
Health and related fields	1,025	160	865	4,250	655	3,595
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	45	30	20	125	80	45
51. Health professions and related programs	980	135	845	4,075	545	3,535
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	50	35	15
Personal, protective and transportation services	750	430	320	2,270	1,015	1,255
12. Personal and culinary services	415	145	265	1,285	125	1,155
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	0	0	20	20	0
43. Security and protective services	115	80	35	215	140	75
49. Transportation and materials moving	220	200	20	755	730	30
Other	0	0	0	0	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	17,140	8,660	8,475	67,540	33,335	34,205
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	9,350	4,830	4,520	38,090	19,010	19,075
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	7,785	3,835	3,955	29,455	14,325	15,130
Location of study inside Canada	7,660	3,755	3,905	28,975	14,070	14,905
Same as province or territory of residence	6,160	2,995	3,170	24,635	11,780	12,855
Different than province or territory of residence	1,495	760	740	4,340	2,290	2,050
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	130	80	50	480	255	225
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	45	20	25	155	75	80
Philippines	0	0	0	35	15	20
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	25	10	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	20	10	15
France	45	35	10	70	45	30
Other	35	25	10	180	105	70
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	10,830	5,360	5,460	42,910	21,105	21,805
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,045	2,635	2,405	21,085	10,990	10,095
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	5,785	2,730	3,060	21,820	10,110	11,715
Location of study inside Canada	5,710	2,690	3,030	21,515	9,955	11,565
Same as province or territory of residence	4,675	2,180	2,500	18,475	8,485	9,990
Different than province or territory of residence	1,035	500	535	3,040	1,475	1,565
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	70	45	30	305	155	155
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	15	10	0	80	30	45
Philippines	0	0	0	25	10	20
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	10	0	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	20	0	15
France	35	20	10	35	30	10
Other	20	10	10	145	85	60
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	17,135	8,660	8,475	67,545	33,335	34,205
In the labour force	9,010	4,775	4,230	37,080	19,690	17,390
Employed	7,880	3,995	3,885	31,415	15,740	15,670
Unemployed	1,125	780	345	5,660	3,945	1,715
Not in the labour force	8,130	3,885	4,240	30,465	13,645	16,815
Participation rate	52.6	55.1	49.9	54.9	59.1	50.8
Employment rate	46.0	46.1	45.8	46.5	47.2	45.8
Unemployment rate	12.5	16.3	8.2	15.3	20.0	9.9
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	17,135	8,660	8,475	67,540	33,335	34,205
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	7,630	3,635	3,995	27,490	12,035	15,455
Worked	9,505	5,025	4,480	40,050	21,295	18,750
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	4,030	2,080	1,950	14,205	6,940	7,265
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	5,470	2,945	2,525	25,850	14,365	11,485
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.2	39.3	41.2	35.4	33.5	37.6
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	9,005	4,775	4,230	37,075	19,685	17,390
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	250	160	95	790	450	340
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	8,755	4,615	4,135	36,285	19,240	17,045
Employee	7,415	3,755	3,665	33,315	17,335	15,985
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	1,335	865	475	2,970	1,905	1,060
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	9,005	4,780	4,230	37,075	19,685	17,390
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	250	160	95	790	445	340
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	8,755	4,615	4,135	36,290	19,240	17,045
0 Management occupations	795	485	305	2,500	1,500	1,005
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,220	270	950	4,210	905	3,305
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	275	215	60	1,315	1,095	225
3 Health occupations	670	125	540	3,325	540	2,780
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	975	200	775	3,365	855	2,505
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	125	45	80	505	205	300
6 Sales and service occupations	2,075	870	1,210	8,350	3,070	5,280
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,805	1,700	105	7,105	6,820	280
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	400	350	55	2,645	2,355	295
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	410	355	55	2,975	1,900	1,075
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	9,005	4,775	4,230	37,075	19,690	17,390
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	250	160	90	785	450	340
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	8,755	4,620	4,135	36,290	19,240	17,045
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	530	435	90	2,795	2,415	375
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	40	40	0	940	850	90
22 Utilities	50	40	10	230	200	30
23 Construction	860	770	95	3,330	3,125	210
31-33 Manufacturing	505	420	80	4,630	3,155	1,475
41 Wholesale trade	115	80	35	705	560	145
44-45 Retail trade	1,330	690	635	4,750	2,120	2,620
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	395	310	90	1,045	825	220
51 Information and cultural industries	80	30	50	355	195	160
52 Finance and insurance	175	25	150	1,105	320	785
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	105	75	25	205	115	90
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	260	125	135	990	555	430
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	15	10	10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	335	230	105	870	520	350
61 Educational services	605	150	455	2,350	700	1,645
62 Health care and social assistance	1,225	205	1,020	5,390	930	4,460
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	205	120	90	420	220	200
72 Accommodation and food services	635	205	420	2,250	575	1,680
81 Other services (except public administration)	450	260	185	1,810	860	950
91 Public administration	870	405	460	2,105	985	1,115
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	7,880	3,995	3,885	31,415	15,740	15,670
Worked at home	675	355	320	1,615	800	815
Worked outside Canada	15	10	10	110	105	0
No fixed workplace address	950	800	150	4,300	3,330	965
Worked at usual place	6,250	2,835	3,410	25,390	11,510	13,885
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	6,250	2,835	3,410	25,395	11,505	13,885
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,970	885	1,080	10,065	4,225	5,840
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,690	1,095	1,590	12,900	5,495	7,400
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,075	595	480	1,770	1,230	540
Commute to a different province or territory	515	255	265	665	560	105
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	7,195	3,630	3,560	29,690	14,835	14,850
Car, truck, van - as a driver	6,330	3,240	3,085	25,755	12,605	13,155
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	310	150	165	1,815	795	1,015
Public transit	90	35	55	425	375	50
Walked	395	170	220	860	385	475
Bicycle	15	10	0	80	55	25
Other method	65	35	30	750	620	130
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	7,195	3,630	3,565	29,690	14,835	14,850
Less than 15 minutes	3,055	1,415	1,635	13,855	6,390	7,460
15 to 29 minutes	1,910	920	995	9,945	4,600	5,345
30 to 44 minutes	795	420	380	3,335	1,970	1,370
45 to 59 minutes	415	245	170	1,180	760	420
60 minutes and over	1,020	630	385	1,370	1,115	260
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	7,195	3,630	3,565	29,690	14,840	14,855
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	835	605	230	2,015	1,605	410
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,275	790	485	4,520	2,595	1,925
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,420	1,190	1,230	10,550	5,070	5,480
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,255	470	780	5,970	2,130	3,840
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	450	110	340	1,890	555	1,340
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	960	470	495	4,750	2,885	1,865
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	9,910	5,210	4,700	41,315	21,925	19,395
Single responses	9,270	4,875	4,395	38,430	20,505	17,925
Official languages	9,255	4,870	4,385	38,425	20,495	17,925
English	1,700	880	825	8,500	5,445	3,055
French	7,550	3,995	3,565	29,915	15,050	14,865
Non-official languages	20	0	10	10	10	0
Aboriginal languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquin	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	10	10	0	10	10	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	640	335	305	2,880	1,420	1,465
English and French	620	325	295	2,870	1,410	1,460
English and non-official language	10	0	10	10	10	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	10	0	10	0	10
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	9,910	5,215	4,700	41,315	21,925	19,390
None	6,570	3,565	3,005	26,345	13,950	12,395
English	2,625	1,325	1,300	10,775	5,340	5,430
French	635	300	340	4,130	2,595	1,530
Non-official language	60	10	45	45	25	15
Aboriginal	50	10	40	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	10	45	30	20
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	10	10	0	10	0	10
French and non-official language	15	10	10	15	15	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	19,605	9,990	9,610	76,005	37,705	38,300
Non-movers	17,675	9,055	8,620	70,250	34,875	35,375
Movers	1,925	940	985	5,755	2,825	2,925
Non-migrants	895	470	420	3,370	1,640	1,730
Migrants	1,030	470	565	2,380	1,190	1,195
Internal migrants	1,015	460	555	2,275	1,145	1,130
Intraprovincial migrants	870	395	470	1,750	830	930
Interprovincial migrants	155	70	85	520	320	205
External migrants	15	10	10	105	45	65
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	18,905	9,595	9,305	73,820	36,570	37,250
Non-movers	13,565	6,975	6,595	57,585	28,970	28,615
Movers	5,335	2,620	2,710	16,235	7,605	8,630
Non-migrants	2,120	1,030	1,095	9,210	4,280	4,930
Migrants	3,215	1,590	1,625	7,025	3,325	3,695
Internal migrants	3,095	1,530	1,565	6,760	3,190	3,575
Intraprovincial migrants	2,810	1,390	1,425	5,040	2,340	2,695
Interprovincial migrants	285	140	140	1,720	845	875
External migrants	120	65	55	265	140	125

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau, MRC [Census division], Quebec and Gloucester, CT [Census division], New Brunswick (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed April 19, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec and Gloucester, County [Census division], New Brunswick

Census Profile, 2016 Census La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec and Gloucester, County [Census division], New Brunswick

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec and Gloucester, County [Census division], New Brunswick