Census Profile, 2016 Census
Montréal [Census metropolitan area], Quebec and Ontario [Province]

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Montréal Quebec [Census metropolitan area]			Ontario [Province]
	Data quality , Montréal [Census metropolitan area], Quebec  Map : Montréal [Census metropolitan area], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Ontario [Province]  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	4,098,927	...	...	13,448,494	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	3,934,078 r	...	...	12,851,821	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	4.2	...	...	4.6	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	1,823,281	...	...	5,598,391	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	1,727,310	...	...	5,169,174	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	890.2	...	...	14.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	4,604.26	...	...	908,699.33	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	4,098,925	2,000,935	2,097,990	13,448,495	6,559,390	6,889,105
0 to 14 years	691,345	353,270	338,075	2,207,970	1,131,615	1,076,350
0 to 4 years	231,320	118,405	112,920	697,360	357,300	340,055
5 to 9 years	242,610	124,075	118,535	756,085	387,320	368,765
10 to 14 years	217,415	110,795	106,620	754,530	387,000	367,530
15 to 64 years	2,735,890	1,356,315	1,379,575	8,988,865	4,412,115	4,576,750
15 to 19 years	225,345	114,530	110,815	811,670	416,730	394,945
20 to 24 years	271,635	136,530	135,105	894,390	457,815	436,570
25 to 29 years	270,735	134,135	136,600	874,350	436,345	438,010
30 to 34 years	279,175	136,275	142,905	864,765	420,800	443,965
35 to 39 years	295,330	145,080	150,255	842,485	402,900	439,585
40 to 44 years	276,490	137,505	138,985	871,875	418,465	453,415
45 to 49 years	277,560	138,805	138,755	937,385	453,105	484,275
50 to 54 years	303,980	152,325	151,660	1,056,345	517,170	539,175
55 to 59 years	291,385	143,585	147,805	989,460	482,280	507,180
60 to 64 years	244,235	117,550	126,690	846,145	406,505	439,640
65 years and over	671,690	291,345	380,345	2,251,655	1,015,655	1,236,000
65 to 69 years	210,080	98,390	111,690	737,745	352,475	385,270
70 to 74 years	162,985	74,565	88,420	528,645	250,455	278,185
75 to 79 years	118,450	51,740	66,710	393,010	179,810	213,195
80 to 84 years	89,460	36,985	52,470	291,185	126,825	164,360
85 years and over	90,720	29,665	61,060	301,075	106,090	194,985
85 to 89 years	58,055	21,025	37,030	188,470	73,045	115,425
90 to 94 years	25,420	7,160	18,260	88,390	27,400	60,990
95 to 99 years	6,285	1,350	4,935	21,210	5,150	16,060
100 years and over	965	130	830	3,005	495	2,520
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.9	17.7	16.1	16.4	17.3	15.6
15 to 64 years	66.7	67.8	65.8	66.8	67.3	66.4
65 years and over	16.4	14.6	18.1	16.7	15.5	17.9
85 years and over	2.2	1.5	2.9	2.2	1.6	2.8
Average age of the population	40.6	39.5	41.6	41.0	40.0	41.9
Median age of the population	40.3	39.3	41.2	41.3	40.2	42.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	1,727,310	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
Single-detached house	564,230	...	...	2,807,380	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	151,365	...	...	886,705	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	1,007,340	...	...	1,460,200	...	...
Semi-detached house	86,460	...	...	289,975	...	...
Row house	56,770	...	...	460,425	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	146,085	...	...	176,080	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	711,775	...	...	522,810	...	...
Other single-attached house	6,255	...	...	10,910	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	4,380	...	...	14,890	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	1,727,310	...	...	5,169,170	...	...
1 person	570,285	...	...	1,341,300	...	...
2 persons	551,270	...	...	1,693,525	...	...
3 persons	257,130	...	...	834,260	...	...
4 persons	231,025	...	...	796,320	...	...
5 or more persons	117,600	...	...	503,775	...	...
Number of persons in private households	4,009,790	...	...	13,242,160	...	...
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	3,407,580	1,647,665	1,759,915	11,240,525	5,427,775	5,812,750
Married or living common law	1,845,335	925,190	920,145	6,438,085	3,219,290	3,218,795
Married	1,226,235	613,925	612,315	5,531,930	2,764,275	2,767,655
Living common law	619,100	311,270	307,830	906,155	455,015	451,145
Not married and not living common law	1,562,240	722,470	839,775	4,802,440	2,208,485	2,593,955
Never married	1,077,075	569,720	507,355	3,182,785	1,689,180	1,493,605
Separated	58,740	24,795	33,945	328,675	138,140	190,535
Divorced	245,625	91,055	154,570	653,835	252,900	400,935
Widowed	180,805	36,900	143,910	637,150	128,265	508,880
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	1,101,980	...	...	3,782,540	...	...
2 persons	539,635	...	...	1,815,000	...	...
3 persons	244,885	...	...	844,545	...	...
4 persons	224,230	...	...	792,435	...	...
5 or more persons	93,225	...	...	330,560	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	1,101,985	...	...	3,782,545	...	...
Total couple families	898,085	...	...	3,137,570	...	...
Married couples	588,970	...	...	2,684,735	...	...
Common-law couples	309,115	...	...	452,840	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	203,895	...	...	644,975	...	...
Female parent	158,625	...	...	518,480	...	...
Male parent	45,270	...	...	126,495	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	898,090	...	...	3,137,565	...	...
Couples without children	413,795	...	...	1,428,575	...	...
Couples with children	484,290	...	...	1,708,995	...	...
1 child	185,880	...	...	658,305	...	...
2 children	209,465	...	...	738,710	...	...
3 or more children	88,950	...	...	311,975	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	203,895	...	...	644,975	...	...
1 child	125,840	...	...	386,425	...	...
2 children	59,010	...	...	186,240	...	...
3 or more children	19,045	...	...	72,310	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	802,100	385,725	416,380	2,139,825	990,525	1,149,300
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	1,727,310	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
One-census-family households	1,065,055	...	...	3,481,885	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	399,960	...	...	1,311,575	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	665,095	...	...	2,170,315	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	18,140	...	...	145,615	...	...
Non-census-family households	644,110	...	...	1,541,665	...	...
One-person households	570,285	...	...	1,341,305	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	73,825	...	...	200,365	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	4,053,355	1,982,260	2,071,100	13,312,865	6,503,875	6,808,990
English only	286,275	143,255	143,025	11,455,500	5,689,830	5,765,665
French only	1,472,060	662,855	809,205	40,040	17,340	22,705
English and French	2,231,540	1,150,975	1,080,565	1,490,390	665,850	824,540
Neither English nor French	63,480	25,175	38,305	326,935	130,850	196,085
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	4,053,355	1,982,260	2,071,100	13,312,865	6,503,880	6,808,995
English	765,805	382,720	383,080	12,394,325	6,095,970	6,298,355
French	2,980,955	1,448,725	1,532,235	504,130	236,875	267,250
English and French	244,955	126,535	118,415	92,940	42,910	50,030
Neither English nor French	61,645	24,280	37,365	321,480	128,125	193,355
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	888,280	445,990	442,290	550,600	258,330	292,270
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	21.9	22.5	21.4	4.1	4.0	4.3
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	4,053,355	1,982,260	2,071,100	13,312,870	6,503,875	6,808,990
Single responses	3,907,510	1,909,450	1,998,060	12,946,960	6,327,630	6,619,330
Official languages	2,996,905	1,467,115	1,529,795	9,393,040	4,637,520	4,755,520
English	444,955	222,890	222,065	8,902,320	4,406,210	4,496,110
French	2,551,955	1,244,225	1,307,730	490,715	231,310	259,410
Non-official languages	910,605	442,335	468,270	3,553,920	1,690,110	1,863,810
Aboriginal languages	755	275	480	22,765	10,815	11,950
Algonquian languages	370	145	225	21,235	10,175	11,060
Blackfoot	0	5	0	10	5	5
Cree-Montagnais languages	320	120	200	5,080	2,485	2,595
Atikamekw	30	10	25	5	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	70	25	45	5	5	5
Moose Cree	0	0	0	85	40	45
Naskapi	15	10	10	10	5	5
Northern East Cree	50	20	30	55	25	30
Plains Cree	5	0	5	35	5	30
Southern East Cree	10	5	5	5	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	355	135	225
Woods Cree	0	0	0	15	10	5
Cree, n.o.s.	140	50	90	4,500	2,255	2,245
Eastern Algonquian languages	20	5	15	90	40	50
Malecite	0	0	0	10	5	0
Mi'kmaq	20	5	10	85	35	50
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	35	20	10	16,025	7,620	8,400
Algonquin	30	20	15	65	30	35
Ojibway	0	0	0	9,505	4,515	4,985
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	6,310	3,015	3,300
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	145	65	80
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	20	10
Athabaskan languages	10	5	5	60	20	40
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	5	5	55	20	35
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	5	0	5
Chilcotin	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dene	0	0	0	20	10	10
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	10	0	5
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	5	5	0	5	5	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	5
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Haida	0	0	0	0	5	0
Inuit languages	270	70	195	475	165	305
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Inuktitut	225	60	170	425	145	280
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	35	15	25	45	20	25
Iroquoian languages	75	40	40	710	300	410
Cayuga	0	0	0	40	20	20
Mohawk	70	35	35	590	255	335
Oneida	0	0	0	55	15	40
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	20	5	15
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	25	15	15
Salish languages	5	0	5	5	0	5
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	5	10	5	5
Dakota	5	0	5	5	5	5
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Nisga'a	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	30	15	15	235	130	105
Non-Aboriginal languages	909,845	442,055	467,790	3,531,160	1,679,300	1,851,865
Afro-Asiatic languages	176,965	92,830	84,135	253,830	127,720	126,110
Berber languages	18,945	10,025	8,915	725	405	320
Kabyle	11,315	5,975	5,335	425	225	200
Berber languages, n.i.e.	7,625	4,050	3,580	305	180	120
Cushitic languages	760	365	395	24,605	10,730	13,870
Bilen	10	10	5	250	140	110
Oromo	5	5	0	1,445	720	730
Somali	725	340	385	22,680	9,755	12,925
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	20	15	5	225	115	110
Semitic languages	157,015	82,305	74,715	227,985	116,320	111,665
Amharic	665	310	355	10,720	4,960	5,760
Arabic	151,955	79,715	72,240	171,370	88,400	82,965
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	125	65	60	14,555	7,135	7,420
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	15	10	10	4,795	2,365	2,425
Harari	5	0	5	1,030	485	545
Hebrew	3,810	1,990	1,820	11,575	6,220	5,350
Maltese	15	5	10	5,175	2,575	2,600
Tigrigna	340	165	180	7,345	3,470	3,870
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	85	45	40	1,435	705	730
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	245	140	110	520	265	250
Austro-Asiatic languages	33,385	15,675	17,715	78,125	35,880	42,240
Khmer (Cambodian)	7,945	3,690	4,255	7,355	3,330	4,020
Vietnamese	25,430	11,975	13,450	70,690	32,520	38,165
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	10	5	10	85	30	50
Austronesian languages	20,215	7,315	12,895	194,380	76,060	118,315
Bikol	110	35	75	595	260	330
Cebuano	760	250	510	6,545	2,500	4,045
Fijian	0	0	0	80	45	40
Hiligaynon	400	130	275	2,750	1,030	1,725
Ilocano	2,035	740	1,295	11,285	4,430	6,860
Malagasy	825	385	440	100	45	55
Malay	605	235	370	5,760	2,520	3,240
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	200	90	110	1,505	670	840
Pangasinan	90	40	50	535	215	315
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	14,865	5,275	9,590	163,415	63,665	99,755
Waray-Waray	50	10	35	405	140	270
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	275	120	160	1,400	550	850
Creole languages	54,205	23,910	30,300	11,255	5,095	6,165
Haitian Creole	1,965	930	1,035	630	290	340
Creole, n.o.s.	51,325	22,520	28,805	8,025	3,580	4,440
Creole languages, n.i.e.	915	460	460	2,605	1,225	1,380
Dravidian languages	14,695	7,335	7,365	148,605	73,530	75,075
Kannada	230	125	105	2,670	1,365	1,305
Malayalam	405	215	190	17,140	8,795	8,350
Tamil	13,490	6,650	6,835	117,630	57,310	60,320
Telugu	555	335	215	10,820	5,895	4,925
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	10	10	5	340	165	175
Hmong-Mien languages	20	10	10	525	250	270
Indo-European languages	493,565	239,965	253,600	2,024,365	980,200	1,044,165
Albanian	2,455	1,250	1,205	19,045	9,535	9,510
Armenian	16,170	7,835	8,335	15,070	7,305	7,765
Balto-Slavic languages	58,295	26,270	32,025	410,725	188,695	222,025
Baltic languages	725	265	455	9,080	3,785	5,295
Latvian	235	90	150	3,910	1,650	2,260
Lithuanian	485	180	305	5,175	2,135	3,035
Slavic languages	57,570	26,005	31,570	401,645	184,915	216,730
Belarusan	70	40	25	515	230	280
Bosnian	455	220	230	6,370	3,125	3,245
Bulgarian	6,395	3,095	3,295	9,095	4,355	4,740
Croatian	1,865	930	935	31,875	15,460	16,410
Czech	1,175	540	635	10,670	4,930	5,740
Macedonian	175	90	90	15,635	7,470	8,165
Polish	12,185	5,280	6,905	121,075	54,675	66,405
Russian	26,370	11,785	14,585	101,100	45,630	55,470
Serbian	1,890	930	955	41,740	20,585	21,150
Serbo-Croatian	655	305	345	4,875	2,310	2,570
Slovak	900	385	510	10,280	4,710	5,565
Slovene (Slovenian)	690	310	375	6,740	2,995	3,745
Ukrainian	4,640	2,025	2,610	40,375	17,760	22,610
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	125	65	65	1,310	670	635
Celtic languages	110	65	45	1,110	505	605
Scottish Gaelic	15	10	5	450	210	240
Welsh	25	10	15	435	180	260
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	65	45	25	225	120	110
Germanic languages	21,470	10,340	11,130	200,640	94,475	106,165
Afrikaans	90	40	50	2,295	1,125	1,170
Danish	300	145	155	4,265	2,010	2,250
Dutch	1,820	920	900	51,720	24,875	26,840
Frisian	5	5	5	1,240	630	620
German	9,235	4,195	5,040	131,525	61,520	70,005
Icelandic	60	25	30	210	100	110
Norwegian	145	70	70	940	405	540
Swedish	445	205	245	2,395	1,040	1,350
Vlaams (Flemish)	310	125	185	2,150	925	1,225
Yiddish	8,960	4,545	4,410	3,735	1,765	1,970
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	105	55	50	170	80	85
Greek	37,710	18,830	18,885	55,415	27,305	28,110
Indo-Iranian languages	70,940	36,585	34,350	707,845	357,350	350,495
Indo-Aryan languages	43,890	22,860	21,030	565,600	285,720	279,875
Bengali	10,805	5,515	5,290	46,810	23,615	23,195
Gujarati	6,005	2,940	3,060	76,675	38,740	37,940
Hindi	2,905	1,565	1,335	58,735	29,805	28,930
Kashmiri	15	15	0	345	170	175
Konkani	110	60	50	2,510	1,195	1,315
Marathi	235	135	100	5,490	2,805	2,685
Nepali	350	170	180	7,870	3,915	3,960
Oriya (Odia)	30	20	10	715	380	335
Punjabi (Panjabi)	12,250	6,645	5,605	197,060	100,160	96,895
Sindhi	310	150	160	6,840	3,225	3,615
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	620	300	315	10,165	4,925	5,235
Urdu	10,260	5,335	4,925	152,385	76,795	75,595
Iranian languages	26,720	13,545	13,180	139,675	70,270	69,405
Kurdish	790	425	365	6,665	3,615	3,050
Pashto	1,190	625	560	10,950	5,630	5,315
Persian (Farsi)	24,740	12,485	12,255	122,070	61,025	61,040
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	330	185	145	2,565	1,350	1,215
Italic (Romance) languages	286,425	138,790	147,635	614,525	295,030	319,490
Catalan	260	135	130	285	150	135
Italian	101,230	49,650	51,570	231,040	112,440	118,600
Portuguese	31,025	14,925	16,100	150,000	72,280	77,715
Romanian	33,050	15,835	17,215	41,755	19,565	22,190
Spanish	120,765	58,185	62,580	191,025	90,390	100,630
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	95	55	40	420	200	215
Japanese	2,065	635	1,430	13,260	4,590	8,670
Kartvelian languages	160	75	85	1,200	635	565
Georgian	160	80	85	1,200	635	565
Korean	4,865	2,160	2,710	69,775	32,035	37,740
Mongolic languages	185	75	110	405	180	220
Mongolian	185	75	110	405	180	225
Niger-Congo languages	19,245	9,725	9,520	35,760	16,705	19,050
Akan (Twi)	1,015	500	510	9,695	4,510	5,190
Bamanankan	975	530	445	140	60	80
Edo	70	40	25	1,140	475	670
Ewe	485	275	210	560	270	295
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	1,625	840	785	365	180	185
Ga	80	40	40	600	275	325
Ganda	20	5	10	760	360	400
Igbo	95	55	45	2,090	1,080	1,010
Lingala	1,970	920	1,050	850	365	485
Rundi (Kirundi)	1,700	790	905	1,430	640	785
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	1,425	640	790	1,330	545	785
Shona	75	40	35	1,455	660	790
Swahili	1,305	620	685	5,525	2,540	2,985
Wolof	2,440	1,305	1,135	290	145	150
Yoruba	205	130	80	4,365	2,260	2,105
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5,755	2,990	2,765	5,155	2,345	2,810
Nilo-Saharan languages	170	95	70	1,610	810	800
Dinka	0	0	0	345	170	175
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	170	95	75	1,260	635	625
Sign languages	795	410	380	3,030	1,570	1,455
American Sign Language	50	25	20	1,305	640	670
Quebec Sign Language	435	210	225	20	10	15
Sign languages, n.i.e	315	180	140	1,700	925	780
Sino-Tibetan languages	71,705	33,385	38,320	611,795	284,865	326,935
Chinese languages	71,485	33,270	38,215	602,610	280,340	322,270
Cantonese	23,450	11,055	12,400	275,315	128,090	147,220
Hakka	460	205	255	6,985	3,140	3,840
Mandarin	40,195	18,570	21,625	283,735	132,275	151,460
Min Dong	25	10	10	855	405	450
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	3,105	1,435	1,675	13,545	6,240	7,300
Wu (Shanghainese)	1,020	450	575	6,300	2,825	3,470
Chinese, n.o.s.	3,140	1,510	1,635	15,645	7,235	8,410
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	80	40	40	240	120	120
Tibeto-Burman languages	220	110	110	9,185	4,520	4,660
Burmese	60	20	35	1,640	775	865
Karenic languages	0	0	0	1,730	865	860
Tibetan	100	55	40	5,115	2,530	2,585
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	70	35	35	700	345	350
Tai-Kadai languages	4,080	1,845	2,240	8,485	3,535	4,945
Lao	3,545	1,710	1,830	5,190	2,480	2,710
Thai	530	135	395	3,270	1,045	2,220
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	5	0	5	25	10	15
Turkic languages	7,375	3,765	3,610	22,615	11,745	10,870
Azerbaijani	260	145	120	1,990	1,070	920
Turkish	6,625	3,390	3,235	18,415	9,610	8,810
Uyghur	190	95	100	515	255	260
Uzbek	125	65	65	1,055	515	545
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	170	75	95	640	295	345
Uralic languages	5,650	2,570	3,080	50,670	23,095	27,570
Estonian	170	65	105	4,205	1,810	2,400
Finnish	290	95	200	9,720	4,140	5,580
Hungarian	5,185	2,410	2,775	36,740	17,150	19,590
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	490	275	220	1,475	780	690
Multiple responses	145,850	72,810	73,040	365,910	176,250	189,660
English and French	47,150	23,885	23,265	54,045	25,165	28,880
English and non-official language	25,440	12,510	12,940	288,285	140,345	147,940
French and non-official language	56,960	28,035	28,925	12,565	5,735	6,830
English, French and non-official language	16,300	8,390	7,910	11,010	5,000	6,005
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	4,053,355	1,982,260	2,071,100	13,312,865	6,503,875	6,808,990
Single responses	3,784,235	1,850,955	1,933,280	12,522,045	6,123,955	6,398,085
Official languages	3,289,705	1,613,690	1,676,015	10,605,725	5,214,425	5,391,300
English	620,510	309,205	311,310	10,328,680	5,084,885	5,243,800
French	2,669,195	1,304,490	1,364,705	277,045	129,540	147,500
Non-official languages	494,525	237,260	257,265	1,916,315	909,530	1,006,780
Aboriginal languages	260	110	145	9,210	4,600	4,610
Algonquian languages	145	65	80	8,685	4,370	4,320
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	140	60	75	2,370	1,205	1,165
Atikamekw	5	0	5	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	20	5	15	5	5	5
Moose Cree	0	0	0	10	10	5
Naskapi	5	10	0	10	5	5
Northern East Cree	30	20	15	20	10	15
Plains Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	105	50	55
Woods Cree	0	0	0	5	5	0
Cree, n.o.s.	70	30	35	2,220	1,135	1,085
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	5	5	5	5	5
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	5	5	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	0	0	6,305	3,155	3,145
Algonquin	5	0	0	5	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	3,315	1,695	1,620
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	2,905	1,420	1,490
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	75	40	35
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	0	0	15	10	10
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	5	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Gwich'in	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	80	30	50	160	60	90
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Inuktitut	70	25	45	140	60	80
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	15	5	10
Iroquoian languages	15	5	5	210	90	120
Cayuga	0	0	0	5	5	5
Mohawk	15	5	5	185	80	100
Oneida	0	0	0	20	5	10
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	5	5	0
Salish languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dakota	0	0	0	5	5	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	15	5	10	120	55	65
Non-Aboriginal languages	494,265	237,150	257,120	1,907,105	904,930	1,002,170
Afro-Asiatic languages	82,560	41,880	40,680	138,460	66,865	71,590
Berber languages	6,830	3,540	3,285	345	175	170
Kabyle	4,610	2,395	2,210	255	125	130
Berber languages, n.i.e.	2,225	1,145	1,075	90	50	45
Cushitic languages	360	155	205	14,460	6,100	8,360
Bilen	5	0	0	170	80	85
Oromo	0	0	0	805	380	425
Somali	350	150	200	13,370	5,590	7,780
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	110	50	65
Semitic languages	75,305	38,150	37,150	123,410	60,475	62,940
Amharic	315	145	170	5,625	2,540	3,085
Arabic	72,985	36,985	35,995	94,195	46,505	47,695
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	90	50	40	9,515	4,595	4,920
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	10	5	5	2,915	1,410	1,500
Harari	0	0	5	555	250	305
Hebrew	1,680	865	810	4,850	2,505	2,345
Maltese	0	0	5	1,090	505	580
Tigrigna	190	85	100	3,920	1,805	2,115
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	40	15	20	755	360	395
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	70	30	35	245	115	125
Austro-Asiatic languages	23,425	10,940	12,480	50,245	23,105	27,140
Khmer (Cambodian)	4,720	2,160	2,560	3,770	1,650	2,120
Vietnamese	18,700	8,785	9,915	46,435	21,435	25,000
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	40	20	20
Austronesian languages	9,405	3,780	5,625	85,370	36,525	48,845
Bikol	15	10	10	90	35	55
Cebuano	220	100	120	2,325	1,020	1,315
Fijian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Hiligaynon	125	55	70	910	385	530
Ilocano	740	305	435	4,100	1,780	2,320
Malagasy	260	135	125	35	15	20
Malay	165	80	85	1,810	860	945
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	60	35	30	445	200	250
Pangasinan	15	5	5	90	40	50
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	7,750	3,040	4,710	75,070	31,965	43,105
Waray-Waray	15	5	10	90	35	55
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	50	20	30	380	175	200
Creole languages	19,975	8,450	11,520	5,325	2,355	2,970
Haitian Creole	775	345	430	355	165	190
Creole, n.o.s.	18,775	7,915	10,865	3,995	1,735	2,255
Creole languages, n.i.e.	420	190	225	975	455	520
Dravidian languages	11,330	5,555	5,775	96,250	46,575	49,680
Kannada	140	80	65	1,060	540	520
Malayalam	190	90	95	8,760	4,460	4,295
Tamil	10,670	5,185	5,485	80,600	38,460	42,140
Telugu	325	190	130	5,705	3,050	2,655
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	125	55	70
Hmong-Mien languages	10	5	5	200	95	105
Indo-European languages	271,930	130,410	141,520	978,300	469,640	508,670
Albanian	1,445	710	730	9,190	4,580	4,605
Armenian	11,835	5,600	6,235	8,630	4,065	4,560
Balto-Slavic languages	35,205	16,555	18,650	192,945	90,585	102,365
Baltic languages	165	70	95	2,305	950	1,355
Latvian	65	30	30	860	350	515
Lithuanian	100	40	60	1,440	600	840
Slavic languages	35,040	16,485	18,555	190,645	89,635	101,005
Belarusan	20	10	15	175	80	90
Bosnian	260	125	135	3,220	1,595	1,620
Bulgarian	4,750	2,320	2,435	4,830	2,350	2,480
Croatian	775	365	415	11,125	5,275	5,855
Czech	375	180	200	3,070	1,480	1,595
Macedonian	110	55	50	6,255	2,965	3,285
Polish	5,400	2,430	2,970	52,555	24,510	28,045
Russian	19,390	9,180	10,215	63,570	29,655	33,920
Serbian	1,065	525	540	23,175	11,335	11,840
Serbo-Croatian	265	125	140	1,925	920	1,010
Slovak	215	105	110	3,520	1,680	1,845
Slovene (Slovenian)	220	90	130	1,465	645	815
Ukrainian	2,160	970	1,190	15,415	6,995	8,420
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	25	15	15	355	160	190
Celtic languages	20	15	0	120	65	55
Scottish Gaelic	5	5	0	60	30	25
Welsh	5	0	0	30	10	15
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	35	20	15
Germanic languages	8,705	4,415	4,295	44,515	21,630	22,880
Afrikaans	10	10	10	755	365	390
Danish	40	20	20	280	135	150
Dutch	245	115	130	4,450	2,145	2,305
Frisian	0	0	0	90	45	45
German	1,585	715	865	37,255	18,140	19,120
Icelandic	35	15	20	45	20	30
Norwegian	15	10	5	70	30	40
Swedish	80	40	45	385	190	190
Vlaams (Flemish)	30	10	15	145	60	85
Yiddish	6,665	3,485	3,175	370	190	185
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	655	315	340
Greek	18,255	8,720	9,530	21,700	10,160	11,535
Indo-Iranian languages	49,790	24,980	24,810	435,835	215,755	220,080
Indo-Aryan languages	30,075	15,245	14,830	344,050	171,125	172,920
Bengali	8,080	4,010	4,075	29,590	14,595	14,995
Gujarati	3,805	1,845	1,965	45,445	22,410	23,035
Hindi	1,485	765	720	28,960	14,485	14,475
Kashmiri	5	5	0	65	30	35
Konkani	30	15	15	540	260	280
Marathi	80	40	35	2,420	1,230	1,190
Nepali	260	120	135	5,640	2,815	2,820
Oriya (Odia)	10	10	5	325	160	165
Punjabi (Panjabi)	8,775	4,650	4,125	132,135	66,410	65,725
Sindhi	135	65	70	2,880	1,320	1,560
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	345	175	170	4,595	2,250	2,345
Urdu	7,070	3,560	3,515	91,450	45,160	46,295
Iranian languages	19,580	9,655	9,915	90,730	44,090	46,640
Kurdish	395	210	185	3,675	1,900	1,770
Pashto	875	435	440	6,750	3,360	3,395
Persian (Farsi)	18,305	9,015	9,290	80,305	38,830	41,475
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	145	80	60	1,050	540	515
Italic (Romance) languages	146,670	69,415	77,255	265,375	122,790	142,585
Catalan	90	40	45	135	60	75
Italian	32,365	14,310	18,055	72,960	31,195	41,770
Portuguese	14,570	6,930	7,640	67,415	32,065	35,355
Romanian	22,945	11,215	11,725	19,920	9,380	10,535
Spanish	76,680	36,900	39,775	104,820	50,035	54,785
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	110	50	60
Japanese	875	360	520	6,040	2,590	3,450
Kartvelian languages	75	40	35	770	420	355
Georgian	75	40	35	775	420	355
Korean	3,400	1,560	1,835	48,540	22,685	25,855
Mongolic languages	140	70	75	225	115	110
Mongolian	140	70	75	230	120	110
Niger-Congo languages	4,575	2,190	2,385	12,120	5,400	6,725
Akan (Twi)	440	210	230	4,415	1,915	2,495
Bamanankan	220	120	100	25	15	15
Edo	10	5	5	305	120	180
Ewe	95	40	55	135	60	80
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	440	210	235	110	55	55
Ga	15	10	10	175	80	100
Ganda	0	0	5	195	85	110
Igbo	10	5	10	540	265	275
Lingala	480	200	285	225	100	130
Rundi (Kirundi)	470	215	250	475	230	240
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	335	140	195	420	160	260
Shona	20	5	15	455	210	245
Swahili	380	190	195	2,085	925	1,160
Wolof	775	415	355	130	65	65
Yoruba	40	25	20	1,300	625	675
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	835	400	430	1,120	500	625
Nilo-Saharan languages	55	30	25	550	260	290
Dinka	0	0	0	120	60	65
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	55	30	25	425	195	225
Sign languages	1,050	590	460	4,425	2,485	1,940
American Sign Language	70	35	35	1,605	830	770
Quebec Sign Language	455	230	225	25	15	15
Sign languages, n.i.e	530	325	200	2,795	1,640	1,150
Sino-Tibetan languages	56,635	27,025	29,605	448,200	210,560	237,640
Chinese languages	56,510	26,965	29,545	441,615	207,305	234,310
Cantonese	17,330	8,200	9,130	198,745	91,545	107,200
Hakka	155	75	80	2,870	1,305	1,575
Mandarin	34,295	16,475	17,820	220,535	105,360	115,175
Min Dong	0	0	0	265	115	145
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	1,780	810	970	5,775	2,635	3,140
Wu (Shanghainese)	755	345	415	3,690	1,735	1,955
Chinese, n.o.s.	2,160	1,045	1,115	9,630	4,565	5,070
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	40	20	20	100	45	55
Tibeto-Burman languages	120	60	60	6,580	3,250	3,330
Burmese	20	10	10	1,010	480	530
Karenic languages	0	0	0	1,360	685	675
Tibetan	65	35	30	3,875	1,925	1,945
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	30	15	20	335	165	170
Tai-Kadai languages	2,045	990	1,060	3,865	1,845	2,020
Lao	1,875	920	955	2,535	1,220	1,315
Thai	170	70	100	1,315	615	695
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	5	10
Turkic languages	4,795	2,380	2,415	12,435	6,200	6,230
Azerbaijani	95	40	50	770	385	380
Turkish	4,420	2,200	2,220	10,545	5,245	5,300
Uyghur	130	70	65	290	150	140
Uzbek	90	45	45	585	290	295
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	55	25	30	250	130	120
Uralic languages	1,885	825	1,055	15,330	6,990	8,340
Estonian	30	10	15	790	290	500
Finnish	40	20	25	1,835	780	1,050
Hungarian	1,815	800	1,015	12,700	5,915	6,790
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	105	60	45	465	245	225
Multiple responses	269,125	131,305	137,820	790,825	379,925	410,905
English and French	60,730	30,695	30,030	45,655	20,895	24,755
English and non-official language	50,935	24,565	26,370	719,595	347,730	371,865
French and non-official language	118,985	56,730	62,255	6,725	2,930	3,795
English, French and non-official language	38,480	19,310	19,165	18,855	8,365	10,490
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	4,053,360	1,982,260	2,071,100	13,312,865	6,503,875	6,808,990
None	3,138,775	1,528,660	1,610,115	11,071,665	5,436,665	5,635,000
English	313,765	159,265	154,495	896,170	437,015	459,155
French	247,580	122,255	125,325	243,970	108,390	135,580
Non-official language	274,120	132,890	141,230	1,056,960	501,315	555,645
Aboriginal	385	150	235	14,315	6,580	7,735
Non-Aboriginal	273,730	132,745	140,990	1,042,645	494,735	547,910
English and French	33,020	16,620	16,400	8,150	3,755	4,395
English and non-official language	23,200	11,400	11,800	19,105	9,370	9,735
French and non-official language	21,615	10,500	11,110	16,435	7,165	9,270
English, French and non-official language	1,295	660	630	415	205	215
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	3,319,405	1,614,050	1,705,355	11,038,440	5,342,850	5,695,590
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,188,850	1,552,825	1,636,025	10,556,935	5,115,460	5,441,475
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,040	37,389	29,280	33,539	39,889	28,676
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,189,475	1,552,930	1,636,550	10,559,805	5,115,825	5,443,975
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,665	32,824	26,822	30,641	35,753	26,585
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,825,595	1,405,535	1,420,065	9,391,800	4,650,130	4,741,675
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,834	36,170	26,012	32,871	39,831	27,012
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,452,585	1,109,840	1,342,745	7,632,575	3,402,810	4,229,770
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,943	3,836	7,574	4,206	2,034	5,463
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,335,685	1,199,875	1,135,815	7,790,680	3,998,335	3,792,350
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,153	36,210	28,453	33,946	39,490	29,413
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	3,319,375	1,613,985	1,705,390	11,038,440	5,342,755	5,695,685
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,188,425	1,552,245	1,636,175	10,556,925	5,114,340	5,442,580
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,742	51,915	37,937	47,915	56,780	39,585
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,189,055	1,552,325	1,636,735	10,559,935	5,114,725	5,445,210
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,157	40,802	31,752	39,318	45,443	33,564
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,825,025	1,404,810	1,420,220	9,391,645	4,649,230	4,742,415
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,508	51,847	35,260	47,890	57,511	38,459
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,452,910	1,109,715	1,343,195	7,632,220	3,402,745	4,229,475
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,050	6,985	8,930	7,346	6,763	7,815
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,335,665	1,199,715	1,135,955	7,790,680	3,995,700	3,794,985
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,247	49,826	36,298	47,369	55,263	39,057
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	3,319,375	1,613,985	1,705,390	11,038,440	5,342,755	5,695,685
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	1,032,045	563,555	468,490	3,737,385	2,082,480	1,654,900
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	49,292	53,860	44,640	55,121	60,345	49,713
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	60,760	67,966	52,092	68,628	76,536	58,676
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	86.2	90.4	80.7	88.9	92.1	84.7
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	70.7	74.1	66.4	72.9	76.0	68.7
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	13.8	9.6	19.3	11.1	7.9	15.3
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	3,319,410	1,614,055	1,705,355	11,038,440	5,342,850	5,695,590
Without total income	130,555	61,225	69,330	481,500	227,390	254,115
With total income	3,188,850	1,552,830	1,636,020	10,556,940	5,115,460	5,441,475
Percentage with total income	96.1	96.2	95.9	95.6	95.7	95.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	431,255	201,835	229,425	1,615,790	711,105	904,685
$10,000 to $19,999	575,490	235,195	340,300	1,829,355	742,710	1,086,645
$20,000 to $29,999	465,445	201,390	264,050	1,410,760	589,975	820,785
$30,000 to $39,999	397,270	187,125	210,145	1,147,510	519,550	627,955
$40,000 to $49,999	348,385	166,795	181,595	1,021,880	489,595	532,285
$50,000 to $59,999	259,535	131,895	127,645	809,115	415,950	393,165
$60,000 to $69,999	186,985	101,135	85,850	630,635	348,525	282,110
$70,000 to $79,999	147,600	82,105	65,495	479,890	277,725	202,165
$80,000 to $89,999	101,535	59,265	42,270	378,185	222,095	156,095
$90,000 to $99,999	67,295	42,730	24,560	324,810	181,815	142,995
$100,000 and over	208,040	143,365	64,680	909,005	616,420	292,585
$100,000 to $149,999	134,980	90,500	44,480	600,995	394,410	206,590
$150,000 and over	73,065	52,865	20,205	308,010	222,010	86,000
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	3,319,405	1,614,055	1,705,350	11,038,440	5,342,850	5,695,590
Without after-tax income	129,930	61,125	68,805	478,635	227,025	251,610
With after-tax income	3,189,475	1,552,930	1,636,550	10,559,805	5,115,825	5,443,980
Percentage with after-tax income	96.1	96.2	96.0	95.7	95.8	95.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	446,310	205,380	240,930	1,659,280	722,040	937,235
$10,000 to $19,999	603,035	249,060	353,975	1,906,875	777,330	1,129,540
$20,000 to $29,999	563,105	250,605	312,495	1,623,230	690,290	932,940
$30,000 to $39,999	513,345	247,595	265,755	1,377,100	642,645	734,450
$40,000 to $49,999	382,030	192,695	189,335	1,166,040	585,490	580,555
$50,000 to $59,999	251,595	136,730	114,865	845,305	464,610	380,700
$60,000 to $69,999	163,355	93,030	70,325	604,005	354,015	249,985
$70,000 to $79,999	91,425	57,255	34,170	465,485	268,140	197,345
$80,000 and over	175,275	120,585	54,690	912,490	611,260	301,230
$80,000 to $89,999	53,535	35,090	18,445	299,315	183,410	115,905
$90,000 to $99,999	32,550	22,020	10,535	174,110	116,330	57,785
$100,000 and over	89,195	63,475	25,720	439,070	311,525	127,540
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	3,319,410	1,614,055	1,705,355	11,038,440	5,342,850	5,695,590
Without employment income	983,720	414,180	569,540	3,247,760	1,344,515	1,903,245
With employment income	2,335,690	1,199,875	1,135,815	7,790,680	3,998,335	3,792,350
Percentage with employment income	70.4	74.3	66.6	70.6	74.8	66.6
Under $5,000 (including loss)	299,295	149,895	149,400	1,094,860	546,920	547,940
$5,000 to $9,999	184,940	83,240	101,700	635,305	281,135	354,165
$10,000 to $19,999	340,270	154,940	185,330	1,027,910	464,445	563,465
$20,000 to $29,999	284,860	131,565	153,295	827,805	372,185	455,625
$30,000 to $39,999	270,990	129,240	141,755	767,840	351,925	415,910
$40,000 to $49,999	231,135	113,170	117,965	709,775	341,320	368,450
$50,000 to $59,999	180,235	96,470	83,765	588,220	310,155	278,065
$60,000 to $69,999	137,210	77,190	60,015	465,670	263,430	202,240
$70,000 to $79,999	118,920	67,175	51,740	369,085	218,570	150,515
$80,000 and over	287,835	196,980	90,855	1,304,210	848,245	455,970
$80,000 to $89,999	76,195	48,370	27,820	307,660	182,660	125,005
$90,000 to $99,999	52,260	35,045	17,220	280,530	156,440	124,090
$100,000 and over	159,380	113,560	45,820	716,015	509,140	206,875
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	1,727,310	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	61,790	...	...	74,287	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	53,738	...	...	65,285	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	570,285	...	...	1,341,300	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,081	...	...	36,900	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,617	...	...	33,219	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	1,157,020	...	...	3,827,875	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	81,109	...	...	90,967	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	69,635	...	...	79,528	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	1,727,310	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	82,589	...	...	97,856	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	66,755	...	...	80,322	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	570,105	...	...	1,341,115	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	42,387	...	...	49,571	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,729	...	...	40,830	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	1,157,200	...	...	3,828,060	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	102,395	...	...	114,773	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	82,533	...	...	94,157	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	1,727,310	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
Under $5,000	31,115	...	...	86,720	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	29,850	...	...	70,245	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	56,095	...	...	134,395	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	82,840	...	...	185,245	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	83,555	...	...	200,770	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	73,240	...	...	189,450	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	81,155	...	...	202,580	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	84,995	...	...	207,180	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	84,255	...	...	206,605	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	80,890	...	...	202,015	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	150,605	...	...	388,820	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	130,650	...	...	363,580	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	115,305	...	...	335,770	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	99,710	...	...	309,105	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	85,240	...	...	282,740	...	...
$100,000 and over	457,820	...	...	1,803,955	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	161,115	...	...	560,090	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	105,170	...	...	394,570	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	105,180	...	...	449,885	...	...
$200,000 and over	86,355	...	...	399,410	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	1,727,310	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
Under $5,000	33,060	...	...	92,220	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	30,330	...	...	71,480	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	56,650	...	...	136,550	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	87,175	...	...	192,920	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	94,285	...	...	222,605	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	88,045	...	...	211,440	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	103,400	...	...	232,755	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	104,955	...	...	244,335	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	100,370	...	...	247,645	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	97,330	...	...	241,965	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	174,750	...	...	463,170	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	148,275	...	...	422,695	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	122,370	...	...	388,720	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	101,920	...	...	342,330	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	82,880	...	...	290,720	...	...
$100,000 and over	301,515	...	...	1,367,630	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	139,215	...	...	539,915	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	71,850	...	...	334,420	...	...
$150,000 and over	90,455	...	...	493,295	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	1,102,785	...	...	3,689,580	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	82,175	...	...	91,089	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	70,355	...	...	79,531	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	391,400	...	...	1,280,890	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	74,547	...	...	81,459	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	63,319	...	...	71,237	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	486,280	...	...	1,716,115	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	105,941	...	...	115,381	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	89,292	...	...	99,205	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	194,800	...	...	584,180	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	54,054	...	...	54,363	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,837	...	...	50,317	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	1,102,830	...	...	3,689,080	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	103,883	...	...	115,328	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	83,503	...	...	94,410	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	391,140	...	...	1,280,580	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	95,312	...	...	104,425	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	75,776	...	...	84,952	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	486,710	...	...	1,717,295	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	128,244	...	...	140,590	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	102,314	...	...	114,144	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	194,630	...	...	581,945	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	64,308	...	...	67,748	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	54,714	...	...	58,742	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	718,550	350,225	368,325	1,818,815	867,175	951,640
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	29,850	31,216	28,734	32,097	33,925	30,753
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	27,212	28,012	26,567	29,417	30,678	28,442
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	717,340	348,660	368,680	1,814,575	864,020	950,555
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	39,160	40,830	37,582	44,298	46,765	42,057
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	32,366	33,188	31,588	36,874	38,228	35,644
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	4,009,790	1,966,755	2,043,035	13,242,160	6,472,205	6,769,955
In the bottom half of the distribution	2,258,795	1,083,185	1,175,610	6,335,170	3,016,275	3,318,895
In the bottom decile	416,230	205,250	210,980	1,346,645	651,310	695,335
In the second decile	435,520	197,820	237,700	1,280,675	581,380	699,290
In the third decile	489,830	233,765	256,070	1,237,415	583,840	653,575
In the fourth decile	474,330	229,435	244,895	1,223,510	589,740	633,770
In the fifth decile	442,885	216,920	225,965	1,246,925	610,000	636,930
In the top half of the distribution	1,750,995	883,570	867,425	6,906,990	3,455,930	3,451,060
In the sixth decile	419,115	208,630	210,490	1,279,095	629,635	649,465
In the seventh decile	392,990	197,220	195,770	1,321,220	655,840	665,375
In the eighth decile	361,460	182,895	178,565	1,382,795	691,630	691,165
In the ninth decile	305,085	155,505	149,580	1,464,415	736,030	728,385
In the top decile	272,335	139,320	133,015	1,459,465	742,795	716,670
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	4,009,795	1,966,755	2,043,035	13,184,055	6,442,930	6,741,130
0 to 17 years	819,405	418,510	400,895	2,656,535	1,361,905	1,294,630
0 to 5 years	279,080	142,795	136,285	835,000	428,025	406,975
18 to 64 years	2,588,750	1,278,315	1,310,435	8,418,960	4,110,615	4,308,345
65 years and over	601,635	269,930	331,705	2,108,560	970,405	1,138,155
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	614,140	288,445	325,695	1,898,975	886,530	1,012,445
0 to 17 years	128,620	65,805	62,820	489,905	251,830	238,080
0 to 5 years	44,445	22,620	21,830	165,140	84,825	80,310
18 to 64 years	381,890	185,820	196,065	1,155,315	538,535	616,780
65 years and over	103,635	36,820	66,810	253,755	96,170	157,585
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.3	14.7	15.9	14.4	13.8	15.0
0 to 17 years (%)	15.7	15.7	15.7	18.4	18.5	18.4
0 to 5 years (%)	15.9	15.8	16.0	19.8	19.8	19.7
18 to 64 years (%)	14.8	14.5	15.0	13.7	13.1	14.3
65 years and over (%)	17.2	13.6	20.1	12.0	9.9	13.8
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	479,645	232,435	247,210	1,298,590	627,935	670,650
0 to 17 years	90,445	46,360	44,090	304,390	156,575	147,815
0 to 5 years	31,445	16,025	15,425	102,750	52,810	49,935
18 to 64 years	326,695	164,545	162,150	887,640	430,545	457,095
65 years and over	62,505	21,530	40,970	106,555	40,815	65,740
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	12.0	11.8	12.1	9.8	9.7	9.9
0 to 17 years (%)	11.0	11.1	11.0	11.5	11.5	11.4
0 to 5 years (%)	11.3	11.2	11.3	12.3	12.3	12.3
18 to 64 years (%)	12.6	12.9	12.4	10.5	10.5	10.6
65 years and over (%)	10.4	8.0	12.4	5.1	4.2	5.8
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	4,009,790	1,966,705	2,043,090	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,925
Official languages	3,946,685	1,941,955	2,004,730	12,918,075	6,342,930	6,575,145
English	2,500,590	1,285,835	1,214,755	12,879,045	6,326,225	6,552,825
French	3,663,310	1,799,755	1,863,560	1,521,020	677,505	843,510
Non-official languages	1,332,070	642,340	689,730	4,431,270	2,115,510	2,315,760
Aboriginal languages	1,065	505	565	33,855	15,815	18,035
Algonquian languages	410	235	180	30,630	14,505	16,125
Blackfoot	0	0	0	15	15	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	335	165	170	6,560	3,160	3,395
Atikamekw	20	10	10	10	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	100	50	45	10	0	10
Moose Cree	0	0	0	145	70	75
Naskapi	0	0	0	25	10	10
Northern East Cree	70	45	25	65	25	45
Plains Cree	0	10	0	105	50	50
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	10	0	10	605	255	350
Woods Cree	0	0	0	45	25	25
Cree, n.o.s.	130	50	80	5,620	2,760	2,865
Eastern Algonquian languages	35	30	10	180	95	85
Malecite	0	0	0	20	20	0
Mi'kmaq	30	30	10	160	75	85
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	40	30	10	23,980	11,285	12,690
Algonquin	35	25	10	205	95	105
Ojibway	0	10	0	16,220	7,600	8,630
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	7,515	3,585	3,935
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	200	105	100
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	85	40	50
Athabaskan languages	10	0	0	85	25	65
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	0	0	80	25	55
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	10	0	10
Chilcotin	0	0	0	10	0	10
Dene	10	10	10	45	20	30
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Gwich'in	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	10
Slavey, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	450	155	295	840	320	525
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Inuktitut	405	145	270	730	285	445
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	45	15	30	105	35	70
Iroquoian languages	180	115	65	1,940	810	1,125
Cayuga	0	0	0	120	35	85
Mohawk	175	115	60	1,625	710	915
Oneida	0	0	0	180	55	125
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	50	25	25
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	180	65	110
Salish languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Siouan languages	0	0	0	40	10	30
Dakota	0	0	0	20	10	10
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	0	15
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	10	0	10	10	0	10
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Nisga'a	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	10
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	10	0	15	210	100	110
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,331,075	641,870	689,200	4,397,690	2,099,820	2,297,865
Afro-Asiatic languages	271,775	141,620	130,150	362,645	183,050	179,595
Berber languages	24,835	13,075	11,760	925	505	415
Kabyle	14,590	7,710	6,880	530	280	255
Berber languages, n.i.e.	10,385	5,435	4,950	390	225	165
Cushitic languages	1,105	535	570	34,160	15,155	19,000
Bilen	30	20	15	355	200	160
Oromo	30	20	0	2,075	905	1,175
Somali	1,040	490	550	31,535	13,925	17,610
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	370	170	205
Semitic languages	259,135	134,960	124,175	330,315	168,750	161,570
Amharic	980	470	510	16,010	7,565	8,445
Arabic	241,000	125,545	115,455	246,015	127,015	119,000
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	165	85	80	17,825	8,775	9,050
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	10	0	10	6,185	3,045	3,140
Harari	10	0	10	1,310	660	645
Hebrew	17,705	9,290	8,415	43,255	22,165	21,090
Maltese	20	0	10	7,020	3,455	3,570
Tigrigna	360	165	195	9,385	4,320	5,065
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	165	80	85	1,985	1,010	975
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	615	315	300	1,125	535	590
Austro-Asiatic languages	42,285	20,135	22,150	99,830	46,210	53,620
Khmer (Cambodian)	10,535	5,000	5,535	10,045	4,490	5,550
Vietnamese	32,090	15,315	16,780	90,265	41,965	48,300
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	30	15	10	60	10	50
Austronesian languages	29,150	11,030	18,120	249,435	98,295	151,150
Bikol	105	50	55	755	340	425
Cebuano	915	315	600	9,475	3,650	5,830
Fijian	10	0	10	110	40	65
Hiligaynon	500	180	315	3,110	1,205	1,910
Ilocano	2,450	875	1,575	15,235	5,940	9,295
Malagasy	1,450	680	770	215	115	100
Malay	985	420	565	9,780	4,500	5,280
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	195	100	100	1,935	855	1,080
Pangasinan	55	15	35	565	245	320
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	25,560	9,430	16,135	232,935	91,110	141,820
Waray-Waray	45	10	35	410	125	285
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	415	200	215	1,785	755	1,030
Creole languages	108,785	48,755	60,040	30,260	13,525	16,735
Haitian Creole	4,400	2,020	2,375	1,430	605	830
Creole, n.o.s.	102,510	45,840	56,670	19,375	8,480	10,895
Creole languages, n.i.e.	2,470	1,185	1,280	9,685	4,525	5,155
Dravidian languages	18,510	9,380	9,125	196,315	97,975	98,335
Kannada	395	200	195	5,775	2,930	2,845
Malayalam	485	275	210	22,880	11,535	11,345
Tamil	17,130	8,610	8,520	157,700	77,975	79,730
Telugu	890	520	370	16,315	8,925	7,390
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	495	250	240
Hmong-Mien languages	35	15	20	545	265	280
Indo-European languages	751,240	360,635	390,595	2,608,060	1,265,535	1,342,525
Albanian	2,880	1,460	1,420	22,375	11,180	11,195
Armenian	19,925	9,575	10,350	18,435	8,860	9,575
Balto-Slavic languages	75,250	35,075	40,175	473,565	221,450	252,120
Baltic languages	940	415	525	10,545	4,495	6,050
Latvian	275	110	165	4,675	2,070	2,610
Lithuanian	665	300	360	5,875	2,430	3,445
Slavic languages	74,470	34,735	39,740	465,170	217,885	247,285
Belarusan	310	130	180	1,360	680	680
Bosnian	580	275	310	9,915	4,905	5,010
Bulgarian	6,785	3,315	3,475	10,410	5,060	5,350
Croatian	2,800	1,380	1,425	46,580	22,880	23,700
Czech	1,665	765	900	14,045	6,615	7,430
Macedonian	235	105	130	21,505	10,365	11,140
Polish	15,340	6,880	8,465	142,985	65,415	77,575
Russian	42,245	20,025	22,220	138,735	64,355	74,380
Serbian	2,430	1,135	1,295	53,250	26,725	26,525
Serbo-Croatian	985	435	545	5,815	2,845	2,965
Slovak	1,235	595	645	12,035	5,550	6,490
Slovene (Slovenian)	900	445	460	7,935	3,550	4,390
Ukrainian	8,040	3,440	4,595	54,615	24,125	30,490
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	125	55	70	1,750	935	815
Celtic languages	375	220	155	3,800	1,880	1,920
Scottish Gaelic	105	60	40	1,480	720	765
Welsh	65	35	35	685	300	390
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	215	125	85	1,650	870	785
Germanic languages	47,450	23,730	23,720	274,305	130,610	143,700
Afrikaans	300	195	105	7,360	3,625	3,735
Danish	590	285	305	5,440	2,455	2,980
Dutch	3,380	1,780	1,600	63,410	29,875	33,535
Frisian	0	10	0	1,655	820	835
German	30,070	15,095	14,975	189,035	90,730	98,305
Icelandic	100	60	35	285	130	155
Norwegian	355	170	185	2,140	975	1,165
Swedish	1,235	600	635	5,125	2,345	2,785
Vlaams (Flemish)	510	175	335	2,275	1,050	1,225
Yiddish	12,340	6,195	6,140	7,175	3,535	3,640
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	175	75	105	3,290	1,645	1,645
Greek	49,445	24,590	24,860	80,690	40,105	40,590
Indo-Iranian languages	87,330	44,890	42,440	915,765	463,175	452,585
Indo-Aryan languages	56,910	29,560	27,350	759,390	384,940	374,450
Bengali	12,600	6,470	6,135	59,685	30,420	29,265
Gujarati	7,830	3,805	4,025	103,890	52,380	51,510
Hindi	14,950	7,950	6,995	250,095	127,765	122,335
Kashmiri	50	30	15	600	300	300
Konkani	145	75	75	5,490	2,515	2,975
Marathi	460	240	220	10,360	5,380	4,980
Nepali	355	190	165	10,245	5,115	5,135
Oriya (Odia)	50	30	20	1,090	515	570
Punjabi (Panjabi)	17,580	9,550	8,030	282,065	145,050	137,015
Sindhi	470	225	245	11,515	5,385	6,130
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	1,285	595	690	18,555	9,230	9,330
Urdu	15,920	8,370	7,550	231,500	117,305	114,190
Iranian languages	31,700	15,960	15,740	163,490	81,710	81,785
Kurdish	980	510	475	8,795	4,755	4,040
Pashto	1,630	900	725	15,315	8,145	7,170
Persian (Farsi)	29,530	14,835	14,695	145,465	72,275	73,190
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	625	335	290	4,665	2,495	2,175
Italic (Romance) languages	497,655	234,820	262,835	880,330	418,225	462,105
Catalan	695	420	270	515	275	240
Italian	161,770	78,465	83,305	333,645	161,190	172,455
Portuguese	45,620	22,935	22,685	193,520	93,885	99,635
Romanian	39,265	18,875	20,390	49,635	23,205	26,430
Spanish	280,030	128,635	151,400	337,615	156,040	181,580
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	335	225	115	1,355	745	605
Japanese	5,465	2,505	2,955	25,675	11,535	14,140
Kartvelian languages	200	105	100	1,555	775	780
Georgian	200	100	95	1,555	770	785
Korean	5,795	2,645	3,150	79,175	36,930	42,245
Mongolic languages	235	115	115	515	225	285
Mongolian	235	115	120	515	225	285
Niger-Congo languages	37,280	18,580	18,700	70,570	33,620	36,945
Akan (Twi)	1,715	900	815	15,950	7,520	8,435
Bamanankan	1,805	935	865	385	195	185
Edo	170	85	85	2,130	930	1,195
Ewe	975	615	360	880	435	445
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	2,730	1,420	1,310	700	320	375
Ga	285	150	140	1,340	645	695
Ganda	55	25	35	1,225	550	675
Igbo	240	155	85	4,025	2,105	1,920
Lingala	7,670	3,435	4,235	4,885	2,165	2,720
Rundi (Kirundi)	2,235	1,045	1,185	2,555	1,080	1,475
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	1,955	880	1,075	2,220	885	1,330
Shona	130	60	70	2,350	1,055	1,300
Swahili	4,240	2,070	2,170	16,750	8,110	8,640
Wolof	4,815	2,570	2,245	730	355	375
Yoruba	700	375	320	10,495	5,345	5,150
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	12,690	6,510	6,180	11,210	5,255	5,950
Nilo-Saharan languages	325	185	140	2,025	1,020	1,010
Dinka	0	0	0	415	220	200
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	330	190	140	1,615	805	810
Sign languages	4,320	1,715	2,610	18,865	7,645	11,220
American Sign Language	465	170	295	10,220	3,695	6,525
Quebec Sign Language	2,545	905	1,635	235	60	180
Sign languages, n.i.e.	1,470	680	785	8,690	4,005	4,680
Sino-Tibetan languages	83,535	39,325	44,205	689,145	324,575	364,565
Chinese languages	83,340	39,220	44,125	679,170	319,635	359,530
Cantonese	30,500	14,230	16,270	341,875	159,280	182,600
Hakka	525	230	295	7,865	3,445	4,420
Mandarin	54,180	25,145	29,040	385,395	179,890	205,510
Min Dong	15	0	10	810	330	480
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	4,030	1,790	2,240	16,980	7,650	9,330
Wu (Shanghainese)	1,185	520	670	8,305	3,860	4,440
Chinese, n.o.s.	4,300	2,100	2,200	16,455	7,710	8,745
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	85	40	50	185	95	90
Tibeto-Burman languages	215	125	85	10,460	5,200	5,260
Burmese	75	45	35	2,215	1,055	1,165
Karenic languages	0	0	0	1,820	905	920
Tibetan	45	35	10	5,695	2,845	2,850
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	90	50	45	1,245	645	605
Tai-Kadai languages	6,170	2,915	3,250	11,120	4,945	6,180
Lao	5,085	2,490	2,595	6,740	3,215	3,520
Thai	1,700	680	1,015	5,195	2,065	3,135
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	30	10	20
Turkic languages	11,490	5,725	5,760	33,335	17,310	16,025
Azerbaijani	450	235	215	3,260	1,710	1,550
Turkish	10,555	5,275	5,275	27,850	14,510	13,340
Uyghur	235	110	125	700	350	345
Uzbek	195	85	110	1,405	700	705
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	195	100	100	915	450	465
Uralic languages	6,965	3,215	3,750	58,370	27,060	31,310
Estonian	125	50	70	4,785	2,155	2,625
Finnish	370	145	225	11,145	4,865	6,280
Hungarian	6,475	3,020	3,455	42,545	20,070	22,480
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	1,445	825	625	3,675	1,950	1,725
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	4,009,795	1,966,705	2,043,085	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,920
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	3,696,245	1,811,975	1,884,270	12,223,065	5,987,360	6,235,705
Canadian citizens aged under 18	772,360	394,515	377,845	2,546,075	1,305,820	1,240,255
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	2,923,885	1,417,465	1,506,425	9,676,990	4,681,540	4,995,445
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	313,545	154,730	158,815	1,019,095	484,880	534,215
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	4,009,795	1,966,705	2,043,090	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,920
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	3,002,625	1,476,535	1,526,095	9,188,815	4,555,270	4,633,545
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	936,305	452,805	483,500	3,852,145	1,814,665	2,037,480
Before 1981	207,840	100,575	107,265	1,077,745	507,500	570,240
1981 to 1990	112,945	55,685	57,265	513,995	246,235	267,755
1991 to 2000	163,525	77,675	85,850	834,510	390,315	444,195
2001 to 2010	272,725	131,570	141,160	953,730	446,895	506,835
2001 to 2005	118,885	57,445	61,440	490,560	230,950	259,610
2006 to 2010	153,840	74,115	79,720	463,170	215,945	247,225
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	179,270	87,305	91,965	472,170	223,715	248,450
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	70,860	37,370	33,490	201,200	102,305	98,895
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	936,305	452,800	483,505	3,852,145	1,814,665	2,037,485
Under 5 years	90,505	44,550	45,950	369,955	184,255	185,705
5 to 14 years	148,910	74,380	74,540	685,085	345,865	339,225
15 to 24 years	187,480	85,225	102,255	855,475	381,025	474,450
25 to 44 years	445,085	219,540	225,550	1,579,500	741,340	838,160
45 years and over	64,325	29,110	35,215	362,130	162,180	199,945
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	936,305	452,800	483,505	3,852,145	1,814,665	2,037,480
Americas	210,770	96,160	114,615	598,950	265,930	333,025
Brazil	5,725	2,750	2,970	14,705	6,700	8,010
Colombia	16,670	7,590	9,085	28,815	13,085	15,730
El Salvador	9,955	4,920	5,035	20,920	10,165	10,750
Guyana	2,430	1,060	1,370	79,745	35,325	44,420
Haiti	75,740	32,980	42,755	10,195	4,410	5,785
Jamaica	4,425	1,910	2,510	119,840	51,320	68,525
Mexico	13,080	5,855	7,230	30,075	13,895	16,185
Peru	11,910	5,355	6,555	10,550	4,660	5,895
Trinidad and Tobago	3,885	1,770	2,110	52,810	23,515	29,300
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	17,935	9,055	8,885	109,005	47,170	61,830
Other places of birth in Americas	49,030	22,910	26,115	122,280	55,685	66,600
Europe	254,860	125,050	129,805	1,144,295	546,250	598,050
Bosnia and Herzegovina	1,085	525	560	21,300	10,655	10,645
Croatia	1,590	815	775	27,330	13,495	13,835
France	56,805	30,005	26,800	13,385	6,310	7,070
Germany	6,595	2,890	3,700	63,460	29,685	33,775
Greece	17,885	8,790	9,095	36,575	18,225	18,350
Hungary	3,030	1,440	1,590	22,085	10,495	11,590
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	660	375	285	15,275	7,415	7,860
Italy	48,935	23,950	24,985	157,815	78,510	79,305
Netherlands	1,310	705	600	47,400	23,910	23,490
Poland	9,380	4,045	5,330	96,000	43,155	52,845
Portugal	16,460	7,960	8,500	103,025	50,240	52,785
Romania	26,145	12,405	13,745	42,720	19,720	23,000
Russian Federation	10,290	4,530	5,760	42,980	18,540	24,440
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	1,320	610	715	23,695	11,610	12,085
Ukraine	7,760	3,385	4,375	39,945	18,150	21,795
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	10,385	5,345	5,045	264,125	125,730	138,390
Other places of birth in Europe	35,225	17,275	17,945	127,190	60,395	66,790
Africa	204,635	105,405	99,230	226,770	109,585	117,185
Algeria	54,275	28,225	26,050	2,925	1,480	1,450
Egypt	18,495	9,675	8,820	34,510	18,000	16,510
Ethiopia	865	425	435	15,570	7,230	8,340
Kenya	635	290	340	14,940	6,910	8,025
Morocco	54,495	28,020	26,475	5,485	2,690	2,795
Nigeria	1,140	620	525	20,630	10,285	10,345
Somalia	475	235	245	16,970	6,845	10,125
South Africa, Republic of	670	365	305	19,390	9,545	9,840
Other places of birth in Africa	73,580	37,550	36,035	96,355	46,610	49,745
Asia	264,955	125,605	139,345	1,869,805	886,570	983,240
Afghanistan	6,150	3,070	3,085	33,145	16,490	16,655
Bangladesh	7,745	3,895	3,845	39,410	19,970	19,440
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	43,350	18,265	25,080	317,225	143,705	173,515
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	4,535	2,220	2,315	108,030	50,945	57,090
India	17,455	8,995	8,460	360,540	179,950	180,590
IranCensus data footnote 61	16,545	8,240	8,305	86,810	43,445	43,360
Iraq	2,945	1,585	1,365	50,390	25,280	25,115
Japan	1,435	345	1,090	8,145	2,550	5,585
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	3,620	1,690	1,930	57,085	26,660	30,425
Lebanon	35,765	18,940	16,825	34,545	18,145	16,405
Pakistan	9,515	5,015	4,500	142,265	71,925	70,345
Philippines	23,235	8,725	14,510	231,760	93,730	138,030
Sri Lanka	10,620	5,275	5,345	109,855	53,640	56,215
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	16,310	8,040	8,265	22,680	11,405	11,270
Taiwan	2,495	1,030	1,470	17,840	7,775	10,065
Viet Nam	23,465	10,865	12,600	80,525	36,545	43,985
Other places of birth in Asia	39,760	19,400	20,355	169,555	84,400	85,160
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	1,095	585	510	12,330	6,330	5,990
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	179,270	87,300	91,965	472,170	223,720	248,450
Americas	40,205	19,070	21,130	60,700	29,005	31,700
Brazil	2,260	1,140	1,125	3,180	1,505	1,675
Colombia	5,270	2,475	2,790	4,520	2,005	2,520
Cuba	1,950	980	970	1,950	910	1,045
Haiti	15,770	7,165	8,610	2,575	1,140	1,435
Jamaica	155	110	50	8,935	4,840	4,090
Mexico	3,465	1,610	1,850	5,670	2,745	2,925
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	3,300	1,850	1,455	14,635	7,225	7,405
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	1,725	825	900	2,460	1,120	1,340
Other places of birth in Americas	6,305	2,920	3,390	16,775	7,510	9,265
Europe	31,585	15,965	15,615	45,295	22,250	23,045
France	14,995	8,020	6,975	2,010	1,025	985
Germany	445	205	245	1,695	885	805
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	105	75	30	1,900	1,185	715
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	3,570	1,620	1,945	880	400	480
Romania	2,680	1,150	1,535	2,425	995	1,430
Russian Federation	1,805	815	990	4,905	1,790	3,115
Ukraine	2,155	990	1,165	4,455	2,005	2,445
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	710	465	250	7,780	4,515	3,265
Other places of birth in Europe	5,125	2,635	2,485	19,245	9,450	9,795
Africa	59,780	29,715	30,065	39,380	19,045	20,330
Algeria	15,030	7,355	7,670	415	180	240
Cameroon	5,695	2,770	2,925	1,390	640	750
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	2,115	1,010	1,105	1,835	845	990
Côte d'Ivoire	3,650	1,790	1,860	605	245	360
Egypt	4,185	2,165	2,020	8,220	4,290	3,935
Eritrea	45	30	20	2,055	1,010	1,045
Ethiopia	120	60	60	2,505	1,115	1,385
Morocco	11,850	5,875	5,975	655	275	375
Nigeria	445	230	215	5,910	2,895	3,015
Somalia	70	40	35	2,065	965	1,100
South Africa, Republic of	140	85	55	1,410	715	695
Tunisia	4,670	2,355	2,315	310	155	150
Other places of birth in Africa	11,765	5,950	5,810	12,010	5,715	6,295
Asia	47,430	22,385	25,050	324,820	152,205	172,615
Afghanistan	1,040	475	565	5,785	2,845	2,945
Bangladesh	840	445	400	8,180	4,055	4,125
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	9,820	4,455	5,365	58,840	26,025	32,815
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	95	35	60	1,985	800	1,190
India	2,870	1,505	1,365	69,325	35,060	34,265
IranCensus data footnote 61	7,090	3,345	3,740	21,225	10,300	10,930
Iraq	635	310	320	14,645	7,315	7,330
Israel	600	355	245	2,050	1,085	970
Japan	295	30	260	1,385	370	1,015
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	750	335	420	6,320	2,855	3,470
Lebanon	3,620	1,935	1,685	3,230	1,685	1,545
Nepal	70	40	35	3,395	1,725	1,665
Pakistan	1,570	800	770	25,435	12,425	13,015
Philippines	5,245	2,255	2,995	53,190	21,740	31,450
Saudi Arabia	425	200	225	3,140	1,615	1,530
Sri Lanka	855	375	475	8,185	3,580	4,605
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	6,350	3,185	3,165	12,710	6,590	6,120
Taiwan	120	50	70	1,015	435	580
Turkey	515	270	245	2,590	1,440	1,145
United Arab Emirates	280	145	130	4,290	2,230	2,055
Viet Nam	1,305	495	815	3,885	1,520	2,365
Other places of birth in Asia	3,030	1,330	1,700	13,995	6,505	7,485
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	265	165	100	1,980	1,215	765
Australia	140	90	55	1,535	965	565
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	125	75	50	445	250	200
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	4,009,795	1,966,705	2,043,090	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,920
First generationCensus data footnote 69	1,025,695	499,825	525,875	4,122,840	1,953,095	2,169,740
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	651,190	328,560	322,630	3,049,835	1,525,300	1,524,540
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	2,332,905	1,138,320	1,194,580	6,069,485	2,993,845	3,075,640
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	741,595	358,465	383,125	2,825,480	1,331,730	1,493,750
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	408,710	211,560	197,150	1,364,380	677,695	686,685
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	194,940	118,480	76,460	540,795	338,460	202,335
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	213,775	93,085	120,690	823,580	339,240	484,350
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	204,725	81,180	123,550	940,405	382,890	557,520
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	117,890	60,855	57,035	482,665	253,750	228,910
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	10,270	4,875	5,395	38,035	17,400	20,640
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	4,009,790	1,966,705	2,043,085	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,920
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	34,745	16,500	18,250	374,395	179,970	194,420
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	32,560	15,500	17,060	361,125	173,685	187,445
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	16,130	7,715	8,415	236,680	112,840	123,845
Métis	15,455	7,425	8,030	120,585	59,015	61,570
Inuk (Inuit)	975	360	615	3,860	1,835	2,030
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	800	370	435	5,730	2,680	3,045
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	1,385	630	755	7,540	3,615	3,930
Non-Aboriginal identity	3,975,045	1,950,205	2,024,840	12,867,765	6,292,265	6,575,500
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	4,009,790	1,966,705	2,043,090	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,925
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	9,205	4,585	4,620	170,895	81,560	89,335
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	4,000,585	1,962,120	2,038,465	13,071,265	6,390,680	6,680,585
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	4,009,795	1,966,705	2,043,090	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,920
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	20,565	9,505	11,060	112,875	54,840	58,035
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	19,995	9,245	10,750	111,575	54,180	57,395
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	16,215	7,445	8,775	97,430	47,130	50,305
Métis single ancestry	3,200	1,595	1,600	12,925	6,490	6,435
Inuit single ancestry	585	205	385	1,220	565	655
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	570	255	315	1,295	665	640
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	445	200	245	1,055	545	510
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	115	50	60	145	70	75
Métis and Inuit ancestries	15	0	10	65	25	40
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	30	20	10
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	97,280	44,535	52,745	405,425	192,320	213,100
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	95,715	43,740	51,975	395,205	187,695	207,510
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	83,645	38,190	45,450	276,920	130,810	146,110
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10,940	5,060	5,875	113,785	54,830	58,955
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,140	490	645	4,500	2,050	2,450
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	1,570	795	775	10,215	4,620	5,590
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,260	675	585	9,305	4,205	5,100
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	235	90	140	595	290	305
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	70	30	40	300	125	170
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	10	15	0	10
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	3,891,945	1,912,665	1,979,280	12,723,865	6,225,080	6,498,785
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	4,009,795	1,966,705	2,043,090	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,920
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	904,840	442,090	462,745	3,885,585	1,878,075	2,007,505
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	85,925	44,510	41,415	1,150,415	582,010	568,400
Chinese	89,400	40,890	48,510	754,550	359,230	395,315
Black	270,940	129,640	141,300	627,715	296,270	331,445
Filipino	33,050	13,455	19,600	311,675	132,440	179,230
Latin American	110,195	53,140	57,060	195,950	93,645	102,310
Arab	191,165	100,830	90,340	210,435	109,585	100,850
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	55,705	26,595	29,110	133,855	63,255	70,605
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	28,890	14,420	14,465	154,670	77,385	77,280
Korean	7,055	3,355	3,695	88,935	42,445	46,495
Japanese	3,810	1,465	2,350	30,830	13,595	17,235
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	8,290	3,900	4,385	97,970	46,105	51,860
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	20,420	9,895	10,530	128,585	62,105	66,485
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	3,104,955	1,524,615	1,580,340	9,356,575	4,594,165	4,762,410
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	4,009,790	1,966,705	2,043,085	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,920
North American Aboriginal origins	117,850	54,040	63,810	518,300	247,160	271,135
First Nations (North American Indian)	101,915	46,655	55,260	385,505	183,075	202,430
Inuit	2,155	875	1,280	6,870	3,150	3,720
Métis	15,920	7,565	8,360	137,485	66,245	71,235
Other North American origins	1,861,930	905,510	956,425	3,220,595	1,585,255	1,635,340
Acadian	15,285	7,135	8,150	16,580	8,135	8,450
American	27,335	13,110	14,225	140,165	67,480	72,690
Canadian	1,755,635	852,410	903,225	3,109,770	1,531,645	1,578,125
New Brunswicker	425	210	215	320	190	125
Newfoundlander	350	160	195	10,850	5,520	5,325
Nova Scotian	285	120	165	1,485	685	800
Ontarian	670	310	355	2,165	1,085	1,075
Québécois	92,115	46,380	45,735	5,390	2,730	2,665
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	135	70	65	675	375	300
European origins	1,721,335	849,240	872,095	8,151,470	3,978,900	4,172,570
British Isles origins	413,005	198,800	214,205	4,900,430	2,380,595	2,519,835
Channel Islander	450	220	225	1,120	530	590
Cornish	45	20	25	755	370	385
English	138,320	67,580	70,735	2,808,805	1,357,650	1,451,160
Irish	239,460	113,105	126,355	2,095,460	991,625	1,103,835
Manx	135	70	65	2,450	1,320	1,130
Scottish	124,130	59,280	64,850	2,107,295	1,016,260	1,091,030
Welsh	7,685	3,660	4,015	198,475	94,555	103,920
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	24,500	11,540	12,955	323,185	152,525	170,660
French origins	874,295	434,215	440,075	1,350,520	643,360	707,160
Alsatian	570	255	315	1,235	495	740
Breton	5,110	2,450	2,655	290	175	120
Corsican	910	520	385	205	125	85
French	870,245	432,210	438,035	1,349,255	642,790	706,470
Western European origins (except French origins)	149,330	72,310	77,015	1,766,975	864,010	902,970
Austrian	10,010	4,850	5,155	72,475	35,415	37,065
Bavarian	35	15	15	450	225	230
Belgian	31,840	15,635	16,205	57,890	28,460	29,430
Dutch	15,975	7,805	8,175	527,750	259,585	268,165
Flemish	790	380	410	4,005	2,005	1,995
Frisian	10	10	0	2,705	1,400	1,305
German	86,025	41,010	45,015	1,189,670	579,315	610,355
Luxembourger	570	275	295	915	500	415
Swiss	13,555	6,930	6,620	59,835	29,395	30,440
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	105	60	45	1,095	560	530
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	16,095	7,895	8,205	266,085	127,885	138,195
Danish	3,800	1,785	2,015	53,555	26,355	27,195
Finnish	2,105	975	1,130	76,755	36,955	39,800
Icelandic	670	355	320	13,215	6,325	6,895
Norwegian	4,415	2,190	2,225	59,335	28,350	30,980
Swedish	4,780	2,325	2,450	71,035	32,705	38,325
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	1,390	680	715	12,540	6,400	6,140
Eastern European origins	212,570	103,190	109,380	1,339,610	644,610	695,000
Bulgarian	8,360	4,055	4,305	16,750	8,230	8,525
Byelorussian	2,175	1,060	1,120	11,690	5,645	6,045
Czech	5,035	2,390	2,650	42,340	20,815	21,530
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	1,750	910	835	14,810	6,820	7,990
Estonian	790	405	385	15,075	7,255	7,825
Hungarian	24,505	12,150	12,355	163,500	79,850	83,655
Latvian	1,505	710	795	18,095	8,615	9,480
Lithuanian	5,710	2,845	2,865	35,100	16,965	18,135
Moldovan	7,220	3,525	3,695	3,905	1,910	1,995
Polish	64,895	31,730	33,165	523,490	251,575	271,910
Romanian	47,980	23,365	24,620	98,235	46,825	51,410
Russian	49,275	23,495	25,780	220,850	103,650	117,200
Slovak	3,875	1,955	1,915	40,535	19,645	20,885
Ukrainian	35,050	16,880	18,180	376,440	181,725	194,715
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	2,695	1,390	1,305	10,330	4,940	5,390
Southern European origins	464,080	230,520	233,555	1,772,160	880,335	891,830
Albanian	3,270	1,690	1,580	25,980	13,085	12,895
Bosnian	940	470	470	14,680	7,255	7,425
Catalan	575	295	275	285	180	110
Croatian	5,225	2,595	2,635	82,220	41,350	40,875
Cypriot	455	230	225	4,400	2,170	2,230
Greek	66,395	33,750	32,645	148,555	74,830	73,720
Italian	279,800	138,875	140,925	931,805	467,100	464,705
Kosovar	380	210	165	1,305	655	650
Macedonian	610	320	290	39,440	19,820	19,625
Maltese	920	490	430	35,255	17,525	17,730
Montenegrin	365	205	160	2,545	1,295	1,250
Portuguese	56,405	28,295	28,115	324,930	160,970	163,960
Serbian	3,625	1,705	1,920	66,835	34,035	32,800
Sicilian	1,070	525	545	4,190	2,090	2,100
Slovenian	2,150	1,040	1,115	26,485	13,215	13,275
Spanish	68,600	33,330	35,270	171,145	78,880	92,265
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	2,135	990	1,150	20,245	9,785	10,460
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	225	140	90	965	425	540
Other European origins	31,690	16,215	15,475	105,865	53,050	52,820
Basque	2,245	1,185	1,060	1,585	805	780
Jewish	23,675	12,110	11,565	77,280	38,860	38,425
Roma (Gypsy)	340	205	135	2,295	1,050	1,245
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	265	125	140	2,065	1,110	955
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	5,390	2,740	2,650	23,290	11,540	11,750
Caribbean origins	184,035	85,330	98,705	462,600	213,660	248,940
Antiguan	360	160	200	3,275	1,480	1,800
Bahamian	370	185	185	2,305	1,190	1,115
Barbadian	5,220	2,415	2,810	26,625	12,375	14,250
Bermudan	95	35	55	2,010	925	1,085
Carib	375	140	230	2,295	855	1,440
Cuban	7,840	3,855	3,990	14,490	6,625	7,865
Dominican	10,040	4,560	5,475	9,180	4,420	4,760
Grenadian	1,880	750	1,130	14,690	6,420	8,275
Guadeloupean	790	380	410	70	20	50
Haitian	132,255	60,965	71,295	17,715	8,085	9,630
Jamaican	12,750	6,060	6,695	257,060	119,100	137,955
Kittitian/Nevisian	340	180	155	2,260	1,090	1,175
Martinican	1,460	710	740	195	65	125
Montserratan	240	135	105	620	300	325
Puerto Rican	435	225	210	1,495	755	740
St. Lucian	790	395	390	7,170	3,195	3,985
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	6,185	2,765	3,420	59,560	27,850	31,710
Vincentian/Grenadinian	3,965	1,665	2,300	12,155	5,250	6,905
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	5,325	2,440	2,885	56,865	25,380	31,480
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	3,645	1,725	1,920	16,970	7,770	9,195
Latin, Central and South American origins	135,405	65,570	69,840	322,210	153,045	169,165
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	4,805	2,255	2,550	10,795	5,040	5,750
Arawak	150	40	110	1,055	470	585
Argentinian	4,240	2,120	2,120	11,460	5,620	5,840
Belizean	55	25	25	810	395	415
Bolivian	1,330	670	665	1,885	935	955
Brazilian	6,440	3,145	3,290	18,395	8,760	9,635
Chilean	12,030	6,025	6,005	14,625	7,015	7,610
Colombian	22,910	10,695	12,220	40,820	19,345	21,480
Costa Rican	920	420	495	2,790	1,380	1,410
Ecuadorian	2,375	1,075	1,300	20,385	9,650	10,735
Guatemalan	8,745	4,505	4,240	10,040	4,870	5,170
Guyanese	3,380	1,680	1,705	73,360	34,050	39,315
Hispanic	875	445	430	5,805	2,790	3,015
Honduran	3,895	1,935	1,960	3,360	1,590	1,765
Maya	1,330	750	575	2,500	1,285	1,215
Mexican	21,130	10,245	10,880	43,120	20,735	22,380
Nicaraguan	2,200	1,060	1,140	7,100	3,440	3,665
Panamanian	1,330	695	635	2,475	1,125	1,355
Paraguayan	265	125	145	600	280	320
Peruvian	17,430	8,190	9,240	14,780	6,985	7,800
Salvadorean	17,300	8,580	8,720	27,595	13,530	14,070
Uruguayan	1,495	695	800	4,200	2,150	2,050
Venezuelan	6,670	3,045	3,630	11,750	5,320	6,430
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	4,960	2,495	2,465	14,095	6,745	7,350
African origins	321,450	164,810	156,640	414,095	203,260	210,835
Central and West African origins	64,810	33,310	31,495	85,735	42,745	42,990
Akan	535	280	255	965	540	425
Angolan	760	355	405	1,635	815	820
Ashanti	120	85	35	1,205	620	585
Beninese	2,860	1,520	1,345	555	280	270
Burkinabe	1,765	945	820	415	190	225
Cameroonian	13,390	6,755	6,635	4,700	2,330	2,370
Chadian	800	390	410	645	320	325
Congolese	14,455	6,970	7,485	10,425	4,960	5,460
Edo	105	65	45	1,025	545	480
Ewe	330	195	140	180	95	80
Gabonese	675	310	370	170	80	90
Gambian	125	70	50	630	305	330
Ghanaian	2,870	1,470	1,405	24,850	12,060	12,790
Guinean	4,355	2,310	2,045	1,105	550	560
Ibo	170	85	85	1,940	1,035	905
Ivorian	6,200	3,155	3,045	1,350	600	745
Liberian	95	40	55	770	365	405
Malian	2,510	1,255	1,255	490	250	240
Malinké	535	290	245	345	160	185
Nigerian	2,350	1,275	1,075	26,560	13,620	12,940
Peulh	1,735	890	850	135	80	55
Senegalese	6,020	3,225	2,800	1,000	500	495
Sierra Leonean	110	55	50	1,175	585	585
Togolese	2,830	1,515	1,310	670	370	300
Wolof	515	300	215	80	45	35
Yoruba	360	175	185	4,055	2,155	1,900
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	4,700	2,565	2,140	4,745	2,340	2,410
North African origins	201,520	104,860	96,665	86,665	44,970	41,695
Algerian	54,635	28,155	26,485	4,065	2,035	2,030
Berber	29,950	15,690	14,260	1,845	985	860
Coptic	660	365	295	2,305	1,185	1,120
Dinka	15	0	10	205	110	95
Egyptian	27,160	14,110	13,050	52,845	27,465	25,375
Libyan	925	505	420	3,785	2,015	1,760
Maure	415	235	180	290	160	125
Moroccan	77,450	39,955	37,490	12,305	6,310	6,000
Sudanese	280	150	130	8,975	4,600	4,375
Tunisian	17,645	9,565	8,080	2,295	1,210	1,085
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	2,900	1,620	1,280	1,755	920	830
Southern and East African origins	19,925	9,720	10,205	128,910	61,680	67,230
Afrikaner	100	70	30	560	285	275
Amhara	40	20	25	720	360	360
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	1,360	725	635	870	455	415
Burundian	3,070	1,455	1,620	3,105	1,465	1,640
Djiboutian	245	110	140	1,035	460	575
Eritrean	505	255	250	11,870	5,740	6,125
Ethiopian	1,370	690	675	22,560	10,755	11,800
Harari	15	10	0	475	255	215
Kenyan	465	235	230	5,860	2,780	3,080
Malagasy	2,625	1,305	1,320	430	200	230
Mauritian	3,315	1,545	1,765	3,600	1,830	1,770
Oromo	25	10	10	1,290	610	685
Rwandan	3,050	1,455	1,595	3,215	1,380	1,830
Seychellois	740	335	410	350	140	205
Somali	1,370	680	695	40,995	19,200	21,795
South African	700	365	335	19,760	9,790	9,970
Tanzanian	180	105	75	2,610	1,300	1,315
Tigrian	70	25	45	770	395	375
Ugandan	190	85	100	2,950	1,445	1,505
Zambian	25	10	20	805	410	395
Zimbabwean	265	140	130	3,425	1,595	1,830
Zulu	55	30	25	440	225	215
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	1,045	495	550	8,475	3,900	4,570
Other African origins	38,660	18,760	19,900	119,670	57,245	62,420
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	3,110	1,495	1,610	17,380	7,720	9,660
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	36,160	17,580	18,580	103,560	50,150	53,410
Asian origins	508,290	249,115	259,170	3,100,450	1,506,795	1,593,655
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	214,865	110,415	104,445	523,340	265,615	257,730
Afghan	9,215	4,695	4,520	54,535	27,255	27,280
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	39,245	20,565	18,685	44,705	23,345	21,360
Armenian	26,100	12,830	13,265	29,675	14,570	15,105
Assyrian	345	200	155	12,075	6,140	5,935
Azerbaijani	505	270	235	4,105	1,995	2,110
Georgian	560	260	300	2,815	1,415	1,395
Hazara	355	165	190	680	390	290
Iranian	23,410	11,770	11,635	117,065	58,995	58,065
Iraqi	4,600	2,320	2,280	50,460	25,420	25,035
Israeli	5,900	3,145	2,750	17,080	8,890	8,185
Jordanian	1,380	730	645	9,660	5,110	4,545
Kazakh	565	275	290	1,325	610	715
Kurd	1,875	1,020	860	9,210	4,880	4,330
Kuwaiti	80	40	40	1,510	795	715
Kyrgyz	255	135	115	340	130	210
Lebanese	68,765	35,925	32,840	86,245	43,700	42,545
Palestinian	6,345	3,255	3,090	28,480	15,215	13,270
Pashtun	490	270	215	3,010	1,635	1,375
Saudi Arabian	615	360	245	3,660	1,975	1,685
Syrian	24,690	12,460	12,235	31,440	15,570	15,870
Tajik	315	140	175	1,850	880	970
Tatar	835	400	440	2,135	930	1,205
Turk	13,570	6,685	6,880	34,165	17,340	16,825
Turkmen	35	25	10	695	345	355
Uighur	360	170	190	755	385	375
Uzbek	415	185	230	2,400	1,155	1,240
Yemeni	715	385	325	4,225	2,065	2,155
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	2,275	1,275	995	16,270	8,395	7,875
South Asian origins	90,815	46,525	44,285	1,182,845	595,480	587,370
Bangladeshi	6,920	3,555	3,365	29,195	14,965	14,230
Bengali	4,065	2,000	2,065	15,235	7,795	7,445
Bhutanese	95	55	35	1,450	710	735
East Indian	48,485	24,950	23,530	774,500	390,015	384,480
Goan	215	100	115	4,775	2,245	2,525
Gujarati	405	200	205	5,915	3,055	2,860
Kashmiri	260	155	105	1,795	900	895
Nepali	350	180	165	8,150	4,070	4,080
Pakistani	13,125	6,795	6,330	149,060	75,860	73,200
Punjabi	2,950	1,670	1,285	55,455	28,580	26,875
Sinhalese	275	115	160	5,195	2,545	2,645
Sri Lankan	14,595	7,205	7,390	124,270	60,685	63,585
Tamil	3,060	1,590	1,465	42,760	21,705	21,050
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	2,100	1,165	935	58,705	29,705	29,005
East and Southeast Asian origins	205,595	93,545	112,050	1,422,890	659,650	763,245
Burmese	245	140	100	4,420	2,105	2,315
Cambodian (Khmer)	13,500	6,435	7,065	14,655	6,810	7,845
Chinese	108,775	49,900	58,880	849,345	403,280	446,065
Filipino	35,685	14,620	21,060	337,760	144,830	192,930
Hmong	30	10	20	650	340	305
Indonesian	1,090	460	630	9,325	4,305	5,025
Japanese	5,320	2,135	3,185	41,620	18,530	23,090
Karen	0	10	0	1,645	830	815
Korean	7,625	3,620	4,005	93,420	44,585	48,835
Laotian	6,550	3,305	3,240	9,875	4,865	5,015
Malaysian	550	255	295	7,310	3,370	3,935
Mongolian	770	355	410	2,940	1,390	1,545
Singaporean	100	60	40	1,260	565	700
Taiwanese	1,940	825	1,120	10,060	4,595	5,465
Thai	2,005	805	1,200	6,865	2,725	4,135
Tibetan	65	35	30	6,365	3,175	3,185
Vietnamese	38,660	18,620	20,040	107,640	51,350	56,290
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	240	115	130	4,375	2,165	2,210
Other Asian origins	1,640	845	795	13,430	6,575	6,855
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	1,640	845	795	13,430	6,575	6,855
Oceania origins	2,450	1,300	1,150	20,680	10,435	10,240
Australian	1,645	915	735	13,315	6,780	6,530
New Zealander	355	175	175	4,250	2,255	2,000
Pacific Islands origins	525	250	275	3,490	1,625	1,860
Fijian	60	25	35	1,610	665	945
Hawaiian	45	20	20	470	235	240
Maori	60	40	25	485	255	230
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	165	75	90	275	115	165
Samoan	15	15	0	225	140	85
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	205	100	110	555	265	290
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	1,727,310	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
Owner	961,760	...	...	3,601,825	...	...
Renter	765,550	...	...	1,559,720	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	7,635	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	1,727,310	...	...	5,169,170	...	...
Condominium	276,455	...	...	680,495	...	...
Not condominium	1,450,860	...	...	4,488,680	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	1,727,310	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
No bedrooms	16,195	...	...	33,950	...	...
1 bedroom	342,680	...	...	699,980	...	...
2 bedrooms	545,750	...	...	1,122,145	...	...
3 bedrooms	530,465	...	...	1,876,905	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	292,220	...	...	1,436,185	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	1,727,310	...	...	5,169,170	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	712,775	...	...	1,369,660	...	...
5 rooms	297,900	...	...	718,020	...	...
6 rooms	184,870	...	...	770,730	...	...
7 rooms	174,360	...	...	713,595	...	...
8 or more rooms	357,400	...	...	1,597,165	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.5	...	...	6.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	1,727,310	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
One person or fewer per room	1,695,935	...	...	5,046,810	...	...
More than 1 person per room	31,380	...	...	122,360	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	1,727,310	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
Suitable	1,629,720	...	...	4,858,170	...	...
Not suitable	97,595	...	...	311,005	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	1,727,310	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
1960 or before	444,100	...	...	1,293,135	...	...
1961 to 1980	552,025	...	...	1,449,585	...	...
1981 to 1990	246,220	...	...	709,135	...	...
1991 to 2000	172,820	...	...	622,565	...	...
2001 to 2005	102,010	...	...	396,130	...	...
2006 to 2010	114,850	...	...	368,235	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	95,285	...	...	330,390	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	1,727,310	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	1,615,720	...	...	4,851,335	...	...
Major repairs needed	111,590	...	...	317,840	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	1,727,310	...	...	5,169,170	...	...
1 household maintainer	1,075,650	...	...	2,962,065	...	...
2 household maintainers	620,295	...	...	2,059,710	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	31,365	...	...	147,400	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	1,727,310	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
15 to 24 years	57,635	...	...	135,835	...	...
25 to 34 years	261,415	...	...	681,685	...	...
35 to 44 years	325,285	...	...	880,070	...	...
45 to 54 years	351,120	...	...	1,113,885	...	...
55 to 64 years	329,975	...	...	1,047,185	...	...
65 to 74 years	233,560	...	...	738,445	...	...
75 to 84 years	125,860	...	...	414,210	...	...
85 years and over	42,475	...	...	157,860	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	1,723,920	...	...	5,106,290	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,300,505	...	...	3,694,385	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	423,415	...	...	1,411,900	...	...
30% to less than 100%	366,775	...	...	1,208,010	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	960,640	...	...	3,557,485	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	64.8	...	...	61.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	15.5	...	...	19.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,181	...	...	1,299	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,263	...	...	1,463	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	300,794	...	...	400,496	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	366,974	...	...	506,409	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	765,480	...	...	1,554,940	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	8.1	...	...	15.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	36.0	...	...	45.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	777	...	...	1,045	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	842	...	...	1,109	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	3,319,375	1,613,985	1,705,385	11,038,440	5,342,755	5,695,685
No certificate, diploma or degree	587,135	290,900	296,235	1,935,355	961,690	973,670
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	720,380	347,360	373,020	3,026,100	1,485,320	1,540,770
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,011,860	975,725	1,036,140	6,076,985	2,895,745	3,181,235
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	453,190	265,055	188,130	664,180	471,055	193,120
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	326,580	168,805	157,780	324,370	199,510	124,855
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	126,610	96,250	30,355	339,810	271,545	68,260
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	579,950	258,215	321,735	2,298,715	981,785	1,316,930
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	130,910	54,410	76,505	242,005	107,065	134,945
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	847,815	398,045	449,770	2,872,085	1,335,845	1,536,250
Bachelor's degree	528,485	238,580	289,905	1,911,530	854,135	1,057,395
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	79,105	36,530	42,570	189,370	83,670	105,695
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	23,090	11,540	11,550	79,760	42,295	37,460
Master's degree	184,480	91,955	92,530	593,645	294,180	299,470
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	32,650	19,440	13,210	97,790	61,560	36,230
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	2,224,010	1,094,440	1,129,575	7,229,120	3,498,620	3,730,495
No certificate, diploma or degree	250,525	136,200	114,330	752,995	404,770	348,225
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	407,255	203,980	203,280	1,768,955	895,020	873,935
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,566,225	754,265	811,960	4,707,165	2,198,830	2,508,335
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	348,335	199,005	149,330	446,390	315,975	130,420
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	253,945	127,500	126,445	218,980	134,685	84,295
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	94,390	71,505	22,885	227,410	181,290	46,120
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	410,280	186,760	223,515	1,782,530	762,505	1,020,030
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	98,575	41,605	56,970	170,925	75,935	94,995
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	709,035	326,890	382,145	2,307,320	1,044,420	1,262,895
Bachelor's degree	439,815	197,115	242,695	1,519,850	668,450	851,400
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	65,055	28,760	36,290	148,960	62,370	86,590
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	18,275	8,010	10,270	63,790	30,895	32,895
Master's degree	159,520	78,105	81,420	500,415	239,160	261,255
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	26,370	14,905	11,470	74,310	43,545	30,765
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	3,319,375	1,613,980	1,705,385	11,038,440	5,342,755	5,695,685
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	1,307,510	638,255	669,250	4,961,455	2,447,010	2,514,445
Education	120,880	25,970	94,905	349,745	79,245	270,505
13. Education	120,875	25,970	94,905	349,750	79,245	270,505
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	103,170	48,270	54,900	246,075	109,955	136,120
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15,545	11,610	3,935	38,745	28,735	10,010
50. Visual and performing arts	87,625	36,670	50,960	207,325	81,220	126,110
Humanities	128,260	48,780	79,475	359,560	133,350	226,210
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	21,945	4,730	17,215	37,900	8,170	29,730
23. English language and literature/letters	10,360	3,130	7,225	98,440	28,290	70,145
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	56,980	22,770	34,210	95,345	32,940	62,410
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	460	190	270	2,165	805	1,365
38. Philosophy and religious studies	6,480	4,015	2,465	24,255	13,425	10,830
39. Theology and religious vocations	4,400	2,815	1,580	28,175	17,120	11,055
54. History	10,360	5,820	4,540	57,295	30,015	27,280
55. French language and literature/letters	17,275	5,305	11,975	15,990	2,590	13,400
Social and behavioural sciences and law	234,420	79,835	154,590	810,410	269,735	540,670
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	2,795	755	2,045	10,765	2,210	8,560
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	31,985	11,015	20,970	81,500	31,825	49,675
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	38,885	3,410	35,480	141,750	11,775	129,975
22. Legal professions and studies	43,265	16,645	26,615	128,860	45,275	83,590
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	5,055	1,220	3,835	16,210	3,400	12,815
42. Psychology	32,730	7,900	24,835	122,545	29,640	92,905
45. Social sciences	79,705	38,890	40,815	308,775	145,620	163,155
Business, management and public administration	477,965	191,800	286,165	1,279,665	527,085	752,580
30.16 Accounting and computer science	465	180	285	2,725	895	1,830
44. Public administration and social service professions	20,690	4,510	16,180	108,935	21,405	87,530
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	456,810	187,115	269,695	1,168,005	504,780	663,225
Physical and life sciences and technologies	86,550	46,485	40,065	253,905	124,050	129,850
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	31,185	12,675	18,510	110,950	45,120	65,835
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	16,250	9,530	6,720	54,745	24,800	29,945
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	10,010	5,020	4,990	3,830	1,190	2,640
40. Physical sciences	25,535	17,325	8,210	72,355	48,145	24,205
41. Science technologies/technicians	3,570	1,935	1,640	12,025	4,795	7,235
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	95,595	66,870	28,730	290,045	185,310	104,730
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	78,525	58,820	19,700	220,550	150,765	69,790
25. Library science	6,265	1,145	5,115	15,220	2,450	12,770
27. Mathematics and statistics	9,415	5,845	3,565	49,025	28,515	20,515
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	1,400	1,050	345	5,235	3,580	1,655
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	382,755	340,875	41,885	1,173,030	1,055,050	117,985
04. Architecture and related services	18,520	10,775	7,740	51,845	34,590	17,265
14. Engineering	107,340	87,230	20,110	334,085	271,010	63,070
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	66,270	59,520	6,745	237,775	214,500	23,275
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	40	10	25	160	30	125
46. Construction trades	75,145	72,735	2,415	198,790	194,555	4,235
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	71,430	68,890	2,540	225,860	220,545	5,315
48. Precision production	44,010	41,705	2,305	124,515	119,820	4,695
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	21,810	11,800	10,010	106,895	67,015	39,880
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	15,225	7,965	7,260	66,035	41,790	24,240
03. Natural resources and conservation	6,585	3,840	2,750	40,860	25,230	15,635
Health and related fields	235,450	50,145	185,305	865,970	173,780	692,185
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	13,660	6,855	6,805	75,715	37,005	38,705
51. Health professions and related programs	214,940	39,595	175,345	767,680	124,280	643,400
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	6,850	3,695	3,155	22,575	12,490	10,075
Personal, protective and transportation services	124,745	64,800	59,945	340,285	170,915	169,375
12. Personal and culinary services	71,345	20,240	51,110	183,925	49,390	134,535
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	145	130	15	2,135	1,815	320
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	540	515	20	2,610	2,385	225
43. Security and protective services	27,020	20,855	6,165	98,325	68,625	29,695
49. Transportation and materials moving	25,695	23,055	2,645	53,290	48,695	4,595
Other	245	100	150	1,405	260	1,145
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	250	100	150	1,405	255	1,145
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	2,224,010	1,094,435	1,129,570	7,229,120	3,498,625	3,730,500
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	657,780	340,175	317,610	2,521,950	1,299,790	1,222,160
Education	84,415	17,105	67,310	243,635	52,670	190,965
13. Education	84,415	17,105	67,310	243,635	52,670	190,965
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	81,435	38,330	43,105	192,630	85,175	107,450
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	12,080	8,815	3,260	28,705	21,070	7,635
50. Visual and performing arts	69,365	29,515	39,850	163,925	64,105	99,815
Humanities	85,820	32,630	53,195	266,665	95,805	170,855
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	17,370	3,725	13,645	29,210	5,775	23,435
23. English language and literature/letters	7,925	2,370	5,550	73,110	20,225	52,885
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	32,665	13,835	18,835	72,145	24,330	47,815
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	315	125	195	1,665	615	1,045
38. Philosophy and religious studies	4,595	2,850	1,745	17,755	9,925	7,830
39. Theology and religious vocations	2,665	1,750	915	19,390	11,790	7,605
54. History	7,585	4,345	3,240	42,315	21,735	20,585
55. French language and literature/letters	12,705	3,630	9,070	11,075	1,415	9,655
Social and behavioural sciences and law	185,650	61,720	123,935	648,285	207,200	441,085
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	2,300	605	1,700	8,630	1,785	6,845
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	26,610	9,250	17,355	67,115	26,015	41,105
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	31,440	2,370	29,070	111,550	8,405	103,145
22. Legal professions and studies	35,260	12,700	22,560	108,895	34,250	74,650
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	3,470	850	2,625	12,875	2,705	10,170
42. Psychology	25,440	5,865	19,575	93,770	21,045	72,725
45. Social sciences	61,130	30,080	31,055	245,445	113,000	132,445
Business, management and public administration	387,215	152,480	234,740	1,026,975	414,425	612,550
30.16 Accounting and computer science	375	145	230	2,225	715	1,510
44. Public administration and social service professions	16,705	3,545	13,165	88,130	16,590	71,540
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	370,130	148,790	221,345	936,620	397,120	539,500
Physical and life sciences and technologies	58,345	30,480	27,860	190,235	88,535	101,700
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	25,780	10,185	15,595	84,580	33,150	51,425
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	8,460	4,915	3,545	41,255	18,020	23,240
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	2,090	1,200	890	3,135	975	2,165
40. Physical sciences	19,280	12,690	6,590	52,490	33,175	19,310
41. Science technologies/technicians	2,730	1,490	1,240	8,775	3,215	5,555
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	83,800	58,935	24,865	252,275	162,360	89,915
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	70,765	52,980	17,785	198,775	136,120	62,655
25. Library science	4,910	930	3,985	10,755	1,765	8,995
27. Mathematics and statistics	7,080	4,285	2,795	38,160	21,440	16,720
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	1,040	740	300	4,580	3,030	1,550
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	300,560	263,550	37,005	878,300	779,075	99,225
04. Architecture and related services	15,585	8,860	6,725	42,115	27,365	14,745
14. Engineering	91,905	73,490	18,415	266,040	211,240	54,800
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	51,050	45,415	5,640	178,830	160,160	18,675
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	30	15	20	140	25	115
46. Construction trades	55,125	53,050	2,075	141,515	138,160	3,360
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	54,165	52,015	2,155	162,855	158,770	4,080
48. Precision production	32,690	30,715	1,975	86,805	83,355	3,450
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	18,090	9,490	8,605	82,775	49,710	33,065
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	12,430	6,230	6,200	50,160	30,065	20,095
03. Natural resources and conservation	5,655	3,260	2,400	32,615	19,650	12,965
Health and related fields	182,240	38,250	143,990	664,880	133,665	531,220
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	11,225	5,530	5,695	58,160	27,950	30,205
51. Health professions and related programs	165,695	30,185	135,510	589,085	96,720	492,365
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	5,325	2,535	2,790	17,640	8,990	8,645
Personal, protective and transportation services	98,445	51,210	47,225	259,400	129,985	129,415
12. Personal and culinary services	55,250	15,270	39,980	137,250	36,225	101,030
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	105	90	10	1,685	1,405	280
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	330	310	20	1,415	1,270	145
43. Security and protective services	21,240	16,280	4,960	77,190	52,840	24,345
49. Transportation and materials moving	21,520	19,265	2,255	41,855	38,245	3,610
Other	215	80	135	1,125	220	900
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	215	80	140	1,125	225	900
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	3,319,375	1,613,985	1,705,390	11,038,440	5,342,755	5,695,685
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,307,510	638,255	669,250	4,961,460	2,447,010	2,514,445
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	2,011,865	975,725	1,036,135	6,076,985	2,895,745	3,181,240
Location of study inside Canada	1,697,795	815,200	882,595	4,786,950	2,261,260	2,525,690
Same as province or territory of residence	1,641,060	785,305	855,755	4,414,485	2,081,525	2,332,960
Different than province or territory of residence	56,730	29,885	26,845	372,470	179,735	192,730
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	314,070	160,530	153,545	1,290,035	634,485	655,545
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	21,200	12,605	8,595	167,260	89,350	77,910
Philippines	11,890	3,425	8,465	115,410	39,750	75,655
India	6,555	3,530	3,025	169,340	85,500	83,840
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	9,290	5,345	3,945	115,690	66,215	49,470
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	15,670	7,105	8,570	98,415	46,230	52,185
France	52,060	29,335	22,725	10,775	5,800	4,975
Other	197,410	99,190	98,225	613,145	301,635	311,510
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	2,224,010	1,094,435	1,129,570	7,229,120	3,498,620	3,730,500
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	657,780	340,175	317,605	2,521,955	1,299,795	1,222,160
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	1,566,225	754,265	811,960	4,707,170	2,198,830	2,508,335
Location of study inside Canada	1,308,105	625,310	682,790	3,713,145	1,728,610	1,984,540
Same as province or territory of residence	1,264,295	602,540	661,755	3,432,015	1,593,170	1,838,850
Different than province or territory of residence	43,805	22,775	21,030	281,130	135,440	145,690
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	258,125	128,955	129,170	994,025	470,225	523,800
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	15,300	8,755	6,540	127,005	65,045	61,960
Philippines	9,980	2,775	7,200	97,230	32,925	64,300
India	4,675	2,375	2,300	143,205	70,040	73,175
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	6,150	3,500	2,645	62,325	34,315	28,010
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	14,055	6,275	7,780	82,020	37,900	44,125
France	43,645	24,190	19,450	8,705	4,630	4,070
Other	164,330	81,075	83,255	473,530	225,365	248,160
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	3,319,375	1,613,985	1,705,390	11,038,440	5,342,755	5,695,680
In the labour force	2,189,300	1,130,885	1,058,415	7,141,675	3,689,625	3,452,055
Employed	2,026,050	1,042,240	983,810	6,612,150	3,414,255	3,197,895
Unemployed	163,250	88,645	74,605	529,525	275,370	254,160
Not in the labour force	1,130,070	483,100	646,975	3,896,765	1,653,130	2,243,630
Participation rate	66.0	70.1	62.1	64.7	69.1	60.6
Employment rate	61.0	64.6	57.7	59.9	63.9	56.1
Unemployment rate	7.5	7.8	7.0	7.4	7.5	7.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	3,319,370	1,613,985	1,705,390	11,038,440	5,342,755	5,695,685
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	1,079,655	459,175	620,485	3,696,235	1,561,475	2,134,755
Worked	2,239,715	1,154,810	1,084,905	7,342,205	3,781,280	3,560,925
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	1,058,010	581,140	476,870	3,837,565	2,148,635	1,688,935
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	1,181,710	573,675	608,040	3,504,645	1,632,645	1,871,995
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.5	42.9	42.2	42.9	43.4	42.3
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	2,189,300	1,130,880	1,058,420	7,141,675	3,689,625	3,452,055
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	62,055	30,975	31,085	171,050	81,735	89,315
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	2,127,240	1,099,905	1,027,335	6,970,625	3,607,890	3,362,735
Employee	1,874,025	942,805	931,225	6,146,035	3,084,740	3,061,295
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	253,215	157,100	96,110	824,595	523,145	301,445
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	2,189,300	1,130,885	1,058,420	7,141,675	3,689,625	3,452,050
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	62,055	30,970	31,080	171,045	81,735	89,315
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	2,127,240	1,099,910	1,027,330	6,970,625	3,607,890	3,362,735
0 Management occupations	227,820	142,060	85,765	790,880	483,240	307,635
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	376,215	125,565	250,645	1,124,770	357,215	767,555
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	167,705	130,895	36,815	516,110	399,195	116,915
3 Health occupations	144,610	30,460	114,150	447,045	90,495	356,550
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	258,920	76,435	182,485	831,340	265,075	566,265
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	88,330	43,160	45,170	225,720	104,445	121,275
6 Sales and service occupations	516,405	248,265	268,135	1,632,085	709,375	922,710
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	244,585	230,175	14,410	927,820	866,870	60,950
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	14,645	12,195	2,450	113,405	88,150	25,260
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	88,000	60,705	27,295	361,455	243,835	117,620
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	2,189,300	1,130,885	1,058,415	7,141,675	3,689,625	3,452,050
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	62,060	30,975	31,085	171,050	81,730	89,315
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	2,127,245	1,099,910	1,027,335	6,970,625	3,607,890	3,362,735
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	10,190	6,500	3,695	102,070	67,005	35,070
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	2,845	2,195	650	32,340	27,920	4,415
22 Utilities	14,660	9,580	5,085	50,820	38,195	12,630
23 Construction	111,715	96,805	14,910	476,835	419,600	57,230
31-33 Manufacturing	213,815	148,870	64,945	683,335	482,800	200,530
41 Wholesale trade	98,870	61,920	36,955	270,745	178,945	91,800
44-45 Retail trade	258,950	124,575	134,375	783,540	367,175	416,365
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	105,915	78,785	27,130	329,240	242,045	87,190
51 Information and cultural industries	73,205	43,575	29,630	176,715	101,045	75,670
52 Finance and insurance	102,285	44,810	57,480	380,765	169,590	211,180
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	38,450	22,435	16,015	144,275	77,385	66,890
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	189,640	107,460	82,180	567,825	316,685	251,140
55 Management of companies and enterprises	2,650	980	1,670	12,365	5,290	7,075
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	101,355	61,125	40,235	338,640	190,210	148,430
61 Educational services	163,755	52,765	110,990	528,470	163,680	364,795
62 Health care and social assistance	259,490	51,230	208,255	754,555	134,270	620,275
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	47,925	25,080	22,845	147,425	75,330	72,095
72 Accommodation and food services	140,520	69,710	70,805	478,070	201,260	276,805
81 Other services (except public administration)	93,500	41,005	52,500	296,960	133,220	163,745
91 Public administration	97,500	50,515	46,985	415,635	216,250	199,385
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	2,026,050	1,042,235	983,815	6,612,150	3,414,255	3,197,900
Worked at home	135,485	68,835	66,645	480,290	242,495	237,795
Worked outside Canada	6,755	4,840	1,915	39,145	25,995	13,150
No fixed workplace address	179,780	131,690	48,085	736,715	536,140	200,570
Worked at usual place	1,704,035	836,875	867,165	5,355,995	2,609,620	2,746,375
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	1,704,035	836,870	867,170	5,356,000	2,609,625	2,746,375
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	818,885	383,115	435,775	3,109,070	1,418,260	1,690,810
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	237,270	114,220	123,045	857,565	419,960	437,605
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	642,170	336,070	306,100	1,350,375	749,770	600,605
Commute to a different province or territory	5,710	3,470	2,240	38,990	21,630	17,355
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	1,883,820	968,565	915,255	6,092,710	3,145,765	2,946,945
Car, truck, van - as a driver	1,251,230	689,400	561,830	4,375,215	2,392,270	1,982,945
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	61,325	21,315	40,010	372,480	151,880	220,600
Public transit	419,765	181,435	238,330	888,920	376,690	512,235
Walked	98,075	43,715	54,360	320,015	143,885	176,130
Bicycle	38,060	24,295	13,765	75,460	50,200	25,260
Other method	15,365	8,395	6,970	60,620	30,835	29,785
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	1,883,815	968,570	915,250	6,092,715	3,145,765	2,946,950
Less than 15 minutes	341,880	157,795	184,080	1,463,845	675,540	788,310
15 to 29 minutes	601,250	309,540	291,705	1,964,690	991,525	973,165
30 to 44 minutes	489,215	269,020	220,190	1,295,375	706,155	589,225
45 to 59 minutes	235,360	122,950	112,415	612,415	336,090	276,325
60 minutes and over	216,110	109,255	106,855	756,385	436,455	319,930
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	1,883,815	968,565	915,250	6,092,715	3,145,765	2,946,950
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	144,135	107,900	36,240	413,515	296,265	117,245
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	329,225	191,155	138,070	1,039,255	640,810	398,445
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	528,080	239,405	288,675	1,571,230	778,100	793,130
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	383,810	168,070	215,740	1,354,870	577,565	777,310
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	217,905	99,480	118,425	740,330	328,410	411,920
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	280,660	162,555	118,105	973,515	524,620	448,895
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	2,308,565	1,188,170	1,120,395	7,579,085	3,895,880	3,683,200
Single responses	2,038,685	1,044,910	993,770	7,434,675	3,828,665	3,606,015
Official languages	2,019,675	1,035,390	984,280	7,319,360	3,767,405	3,551,955
English	412,120	222,045	190,075	7,225,210	3,732,550	3,492,655
French	1,607,550	813,350	794,200	94,145	34,850	59,295
Non-official languages	19,010	9,520	9,495	115,320	61,255	54,060
Aboriginal languages	50	10	40	1,485	765	715
Algonquian languages	25	15	15	1,420	745	675
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	25	15	15	370	220	150
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	15	10	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	10
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	360	215	145
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	1,050	525	525
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	495	235	265
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	545	290	260
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	25	0	30	25	0	20
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	25	0	25	25	10	20
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	25	10	20
Cayuga	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mohawk	0	0	0	20	10	10
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	18,965	9,510	9,455	113,835	60,490	53,340
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,775	1,035	740	3,305	1,995	1,310
Berber languages	30	0	30	0	0	0
Kabyle	15	0	15	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	125	45	80
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	15	10	10
Somali	0	0	0	110	35	70
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,735	1,025	710	3,175	1,955	1,225
Amharic	0	0	0	75	30	45
Arabic	1,590	955	635	2,430	1,605	825
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	145	110	40
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	35	20	15
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	135	70	70	395	140	260
Maltese	0	0	0	20	15	10
Tigrigna	0	0	0	60	30	25
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,600	795	805	2,575	1,065	1,510
Khmer (Cambodian)	255	110	145	95	50	50
Vietnamese	1,340	680	660	2,480	1,015	1,465
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	135	65	70	1,280	495	790
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	25	10	15
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ilocano	10	10	0	40	20	20
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	55	20	30
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	110	50	60	1,145	435	705
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Creole languages	260	80	180	60	35	30
Haitian Creole	10	0	0	15	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	245	75	170	50	25	20
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	10	10	0
Dravidian languages	150	75	75	1,980	945	1,035
Kannada	0	0	0	10	0	10
Malayalam	0	0	0	75	45	30
Tamil	150	75	70	1,870	900	975
Telugu	0	0	10	35	10	20
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	8,335	4,105	4,230	38,960	21,375	17,580
Albanian	20	15	0	275	170	105
Armenian	280	135	145	145	75	75
Balto-Slavic languages	1,045	450	590	6,655	3,165	3,495
Baltic languages	20	10	10	70	25	40
Latvian	10	0	10	20	10	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	45	20	25
Slavic languages	1,030	445	585	6,595	3,135	3,455
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	100	55	40
Bulgarian	40	10	30	120	85	40
Croatian	10	10	10	155	100	50
Czech	10	0	10	25	20	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	85	35	45
Polish	160	60	95	1,925	960	960
Russian	690	315	375	2,905	1,240	1,670
Serbian	15	15	0	390	240	145
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Slovak	0	0	0	55	40	20
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Ukrainian	105	40	75	780	320	460
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Germanic languages	1,110	470	645	6,905	3,655	3,250
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	10	0	10	30	15	20
Dutch	20	0	15	790	425	365
Frisian	0	0	0	25	20	10
German	205	80	130	5,690	3,005	2,690
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	10	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	30	10	20
Swedish	20	0	10	55	15	35
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Yiddish	860	380	485	20	0	20
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	240	155	80
Greek	515	260	255	405	240	165
Indo-Iranian languages	1,230	710	520	11,880	6,560	5,315
Indo-Aryan languages	640	365	275	9,205	4,900	4,310
Bengali	105	70	30	335	160	170
Gujarati	20	10	10	730	255	475
Hindi	30	20	10	800	380	415
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	30	10	20
Nepali	0	0	0	80	30	50
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	420	230	190	6,025	3,480	2,550
Sindhi	0	0	0	20	10	15
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	30	15	10
Urdu	75	40	35	1,150	555	600
Iranian languages	585	340	245	2,660	1,655	1,005
Kurdish	10	0	10	105	95	15
Pashto	10	0	10	20	10	15
Persian (Farsi)	575	340	230	2,530	1,555	975
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Italic (Romance) languages	4,140	2,070	2,070	12,680	7,505	5,170
Catalan	10	0	10	10	0	10
Italian	565	300	260	945	505	445
Portuguese	515	300	210	5,815	3,865	1,950
Romanian	310	140	170	300	140	160
Spanish	2,740	1,330	1,410	5,590	2,985	2,605
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Japanese	220	75	145	1,010	360	655
Kartvelian languages	10	0	0	15	0	10
Georgian	0	0	10	15	0	10
Korean	295	145	145	4,945	2,505	2,445
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	20	15	10	120	55	65
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	20	0	20
Bamanankan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ganda	0	0	0	25	15	15
Igbo	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lingala	0	0	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	15	10	0	20	10	0
Wolof	0	0	0	10	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	10	0	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	20	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	105	35	75	810	295	515
American Sign Language	0	0	0	575	170	410
Quebec Sign Language	70	10	65	10	0	10
Sign languages, n.i.e	35	25	10	225	130	100
Sino-Tibetan languages	5,850	3,005	2,845	57,620	30,735	26,890
Chinese languages	5,850	3,005	2,845	57,535	30,690	26,840
Cantonese	2,610	1,300	1,310	26,955	14,190	12,770
Hakka	0	0	0	30	10	25
Mandarin	2,940	1,550	1,395	29,090	15,730	13,360
Min Dong	0	0	0	30	15	10
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	70	40	30	250	155	90
Wu (Shanghainese)	15	10	0	35	20	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	210	110	100	1,145	565	580
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	90	50	45
Burmese	0	0	0	10	10	10
Karenic languages	0	0	0	30	10	20
Tibetan	0	0	0	45	30	15
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	65	25	40	235	95	145
Lao	45	20	30	80	40	35
Thai	10	0	15	160	55	105
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	100	50	50	465	315	150
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	15	15	0
Turkish	95	50	45	440	295	140
Uyghur	0	0	0	10	10	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	10	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	40	10	35	420	205	220
Estonian	0	0	0	45	10	35
Finnish	0	0	0	75	25	50
Hungarian	40	0	35	295	165	130
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	10	0	10
Multiple responses	269,880	143,255	126,620	144,405	67,215	77,185
English and French	247,545	131,845	115,705	63,665	26,760	36,900
English and non-official language	5,850	3,345	2,500	78,240	39,330	38,910
French and non-official language	5,600	2,610	2,985	175	75	100
English, French and non-official language	10,890	5,455	5,430	2,325	1,055	1,270
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	2,308,565	1,188,170	1,120,400	7,579,080	3,895,880	3,683,200
None	1,367,155	688,575	678,580	6,975,415	3,605,485	3,369,930
English	643,895	342,285	301,615	109,150	48,930	60,220
French	239,675	127,070	112,600	260,050	118,655	141,395
Non-official language	38,740	20,490	18,250	226,490	119,130	107,360
Aboriginal	170	75	100	5,970	2,480	3,490
Non-Aboriginal	38,565	20,420	18,150	220,520	116,650	103,870
English and French	1,500	710	790	245	100	150
English and non-official language	11,735	5,760	5,975	1,620	780	845
French and non-official language	5,815	3,250	2,565	6,080	2,780	3,300
English, French and non-official language	45	30	10	35	25	10
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	3,965,040	1,943,840	2,021,195	13,106,990	6,403,470	6,703,520
Non-movers	3,475,585	1,702,075	1,773,510	11,475,985	5,603,290	5,872,695
Movers	489,450	241,765	247,685	1,631,005	800,180	830,820
Non-migrants	292,730	144,600	148,130	941,380	460,170	481,210
Migrants	196,720	97,165	99,560	689,625	340,015	349,610
Internal migrants	147,460	72,380	75,075	535,180	263,055	272,120
Intraprovincial migrants	135,765	66,160	69,600	467,890	229,080	238,810
Interprovincial migrants	11,695	6,220	5,475	67,290	33,980	33,315
External migrants	49,265	24,780	24,485	154,445	76,955	77,490
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	3,778,540	1,848,565	1,929,975	12,546,040	6,116,715	6,429,325
Non-movers	2,325,080	1,134,155	1,190,920	7,887,825	3,845,945	4,041,880
Movers	1,453,460	714,405	739,060	4,658,215	2,270,770	2,387,445
Non-migrants	799,790	393,045	406,750	2,545,875	1,238,055	1,307,820
Migrants	653,670	321,360	332,310	2,112,340	1,032,710	1,079,630
Internal migrants	458,665	223,760	234,905	1,562,375	761,630	800,740
Intraprovincial migrants	429,565	209,145	220,415	1,380,900	672,540	708,360
Interprovincial migrants	29,100	14,610	14,485	181,480	89,090	92,390
External migrants	195,005	97,600	97,405	549,965	271,080	278,885