Census Profile, 2016 Census
Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario and Oshawa [Census metropolitan area], Ontario

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Toronto Ontario [Census metropolitan area]			Oshawa Ontario [Census metropolitan area]
	Data quality , Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario  Map : Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Oshawa [Census metropolitan area], Ontario  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	5,928,040	...	...	379,848	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	5,583,064	...	...	356,177	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	6.2	...	...	6.6	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	2,235,145	...	...	142,462	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	2,135,909	...	...	138,962	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,003.8	...	...	420.3	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	5,905.84	...	...	903.69	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	5,928,040	2,876,755	3,051,290	379,850	185,435	194,415
0 to 14 years	985,615	505,690	479,920	69,255	35,500	33,760
0 to 4 years	310,070	158,835	151,235	21,575	11,045	10,530
5 to 9 years	338,320	173,665	164,660	23,925	12,245	11,680
10 to 14 years	337,220	173,190	164,035	23,755	12,210	11,545
15 to 64 years	4,083,850	1,988,910	2,094,935	255,095	125,260	129,835
15 to 19 years	366,525	188,790	177,735	24,555	12,370	12,185
20 to 24 years	411,945	210,445	201,500	24,845	12,825	12,025
25 to 29 years	424,345	209,785	214,560	22,275	11,205	11,065
30 to 34 years	419,845	201,620	218,220	23,820	11,585	12,235
35 to 39 years	406,175	190,620	215,555	24,900	11,825	13,075
40 to 44 years	414,490	195,580	218,910	26,255	12,735	13,525
45 to 49 years	440,145	210,225	229,920	27,585	13,280	14,305
50 to 54 years	460,465	225,115	235,350	31,870	15,560	16,310
55 to 59 years	407,175	198,170	209,005	27,490	13,620	13,870
60 to 64 years	332,740	158,560	174,175	21,495	10,260	11,235
65 years and over	858,580	382,150	476,435	55,495	24,675	30,820
65 to 69 years	280,910	132,275	148,635	18,525	8,645	9,885
70 to 74 years	197,490	91,745	105,745	13,185	6,255	6,930
75 to 79 years	151,925	68,045	83,880	9,525	4,240	5,280
80 to 84 years	113,220	49,005	64,215	7,090	3,125	3,975
85 years and over	115,030	41,080	73,955	7,165	2,415	4,755
85 to 89 years	72,340	28,160	44,175	4,535	1,680	2,860
90 to 94 years	33,400	10,570	22,835	2,085	620	1,465
95 to 99 years	8,030	2,115	5,915	480	105	380
100 years and over	1,270	230	1,040	65	15	50
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	17.6	15.7	18.2	19.1	17.4
15 to 64 years	68.9	69.1	68.7	67.2	67.5	66.8
65 years and over	14.5	13.3	15.6	14.6	13.3	15.9
85 years and over	1.9	1.4	2.4	1.9	1.3	2.4
Average age of the population	39.7	38.7	40.6	39.6	38.6	40.5
Median age of the population	39.4	38.2	40.4	40.1	38.9	41.1
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	2,135,910	...	...	138,960	...	...
Single-detached house	846,405	...	...	91,135	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	626,905	...	...	10,605	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	661,955	...	...	37,135	...	...
Semi-detached house	158,815	...	...	7,585	...	...
Row house	195,245	...	...	13,925	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	89,975	...	...	5,170	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	214,365	...	...	10,255	...	...
Other single-attached house	3,555	...	...	205	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	640	...	...	85	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	2,135,910	...	...	138,960	...	...
1 person	519,795	...	...	29,660	...	...
2 persons	598,700	...	...	43,790	...	...
3 persons	373,775	...	...	25,055	...	...
4 persons	377,170	...	...	25,890	...	...
5 or more persons	266,470	...	...	14,565	...	...
Number of persons in private households	5,862,855	...	...	375,600	...	...
Average household size	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	4,942,430	2,371,060	2,571,365	310,590	149,935	160,655
Married or living common law	2,758,170	1,378,855	1,379,315	180,460	90,145	90,315
Married	2,466,925	1,230,930	1,235,995	151,620	75,745	75,880
Living common law	291,240	147,925	143,320	28,840	14,405	14,440
Not married and not living common law	2,184,260	992,210	1,192,050	130,135	59,795	70,340
Never married	1,537,495	798,270	739,220	84,945	45,190	39,755
Separated	130,030	51,235	78,795	10,410	4,255	6,155
Divorced	271,530	97,385	174,150	18,595	6,965	11,625
Widowed	245,200	45,310	199,890	16,180	3,375	12,800
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	1,625,790	...	...	109,180	...	...
2 persons	682,915	...	...	48,655	...	...
3 persons	397,625	...	...	25,425	...	...
4 persons	391,440	...	...	25,230	...	...
5 or more persons	153,805	...	...	9,870	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	1,625,790	...	...	109,180	...	...
Total couple families	1,333,645	...	...	88,790	...	...
Married couples	1,188,130	...	...	74,380	...	...
Common-law couples	145,515	...	...	14,410	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	292,150	...	...	20,390	...	...
Female parent	241,820	...	...	16,170	...	...
Male parent	50,325	...	...	4,220	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	1,333,645	...	...	88,785	...	...
Couples without children	509,835	...	...	36,720	...	...
Couples with children	823,805	...	...	52,065	...	...
1 child	312,605	...	...	19,285	...	...
2 children	366,295	...	...	23,430	...	...
3 or more children	144,910	...	...	9,350	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	292,145	...	...	20,390	...	...
1 child	173,080	...	...	11,935	...	...
2 children	85,025	...	...	6,135	...	...
3 or more children	34,040	...	...	2,320	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	923,210	415,830	507,380	49,050	22,925	26,125
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	2,135,910	...	...	138,965	...	...
One-census-family households	1,430,535	...	...	101,150	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	434,860	...	...	33,695	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	995,670	...	...	67,455	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	93,790	...	...	3,940	...	...
Non-census-family households	611,585	...	...	33,880	...	...
One-person households	519,790	...	...	29,660	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	91,795	...	...	4,220	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,885	376,805	184,355	192,450
English only	5,154,905	2,553,030	2,601,880	346,670	171,595	175,075
French only	4,855	2,035	2,815	255	115	140
English and French	464,980	201,080	263,900	27,550	11,705	15,840
Neither English nor French	258,925	102,635	156,290	2,330	930	1,395
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	5,883,665	2,858,785	3,024,885	376,805	184,350	192,455
English	5,503,690	2,700,905	2,802,785	367,060	179,960	187,100
French	72,790	33,545	39,245	6,405	3,025	3,380
English and French	51,895	23,470	28,425	1,105	485	620
Neither English nor French	255,295	100,870	154,430	2,240	885	1,355
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	98,735	45,280	53,455	6,960	3,265	3,690
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	1.7	1.6	1.8	1.8	1.8	1.9
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,880	376,805	184,355	192,455
Single responses	5,645,915	2,743,825	2,902,090	371,050	181,620	189,430
Official languages	3,127,355	1,550,385	1,576,970	326,300	160,255	166,050
English	3,061,820	1,520,045	1,541,775	319,765	157,155	162,610
French	65,535	30,340	35,195	6,540	3,100	3,440
Non-official languages	2,518,555	1,193,440	1,325,120	44,750	21,365	23,380
Aboriginal languages	575	255	325	35	10	20
Algonquian languages	400	175	230	15	5	10
Blackfoot	5	10	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	115	45	70	10	5	5
Atikamekw	5	0	5	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	10	0	10	0	0	0
Naskapi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	10	0	5	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	30	10	20	0	5	0
Woods Cree	5	0	0	5	5	0
Cree, n.o.s.	55	20	35	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	25	10	15	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	250	115	140	10	5	5
Algonquin	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	230	105	120	5	0	5
Oji-Cree	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	5	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dene	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	35	15	20	10	0	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	30	10	20	5	0	5
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	20	5	10	5	5	5
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	15	10	5	5	5	5
Oneida	5	0	5	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	5	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	5	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	5	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	80	40	40	5	5	5
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,517,980	1,193,185	1,324,795	44,715	21,355	23,360
Afro-Asiatic languages	140,140	69,950	70,195	2,165	1,150	1,020
Berber languages	220	130	90	0	0	0
Kabyle	105	60	50	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	115	70	45	0	0	5
Cushitic languages	14,405	6,195	8,205	55	25	30
Bilen	80	45	35	0	0	0
Oromo	1,005	490	515	5	5	5
Somali	13,255	5,625	7,630	45	20	25
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	65	35	30	5	0	0
Semitic languages	125,160	63,435	61,725	2,110	1,125	985
Amharic	7,460	3,375	4,085	65	40	25
Arabic	85,175	43,805	41,365	1,700	925	770
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10,195	4,985	5,215	20	10	10
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	1,845	920	925	5	5	5
Harari	930	435	490	10	5	5
Hebrew	10,390	5,560	4,830	30	15	15
Maltese	3,525	1,730	1,795	225	105	120
Tigrigna	4,725	2,160	2,560	25	10	15
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	925	465	460	20	5	10
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	355	185	175	5	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages	51,160	23,360	27,800	525	230	300
Khmer (Cambodian)	3,090	1,400	1,690	35	15	20
Vietnamese	48,005	21,935	26,070	485	210	275
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	65	25	40	5	0	5
Austronesian languages	160,980	63,835	97,150	2,395	920	1,475
Bikol	470	210	260	5	0	5
Cebuano	5,080	2,020	3,055	80	30	55
Fijian	55	25	25	5	0	0
Hiligaynon	2,320	890	1,435	30	10	20
Ilocano	9,415	3,685	5,735	65	30	35
Malagasy	25	15	15	5	0	0
Malay	4,420	1,995	2,430	60	25	35
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,305	580	725	10	5	5
Pangasinan	450	185	270	5	5	5
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	136,115	53,725	82,385	2,110	805	1,305
Waray-Waray	315	105	205	10	5	5
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,015	400	610	10	5	5
Creole languages	5,505	2,575	2,930	175	80	100
Haitian Creole	200	95	110	20	10	10
Creole, n.o.s.	3,380	1,600	1,785	70	30	45
Creole languages, n.i.e.	1,920	875	1,040	85	35	45
Dravidian languages	133,415	65,680	67,740	2,175	1,065	1,110
Kannada	2,025	1,015	1,010	35	15	20
Malayalam	12,530	6,430	6,100	250	130	115
Tamil	109,580	53,225	56,355	1,775	855	915
Telugu	9,015	4,880	4,135	115	55	60
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	275	135	140	5	0	5
Hmong-Mien languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,372,335	664,655	707,680	30,820	14,895	15,920
Albanian	13,260	6,615	6,645	100	55	45
Armenian	12,570	6,070	6,505	130	60	70
Balto-Slavic languages	261,650	119,970	141,685	7,355	3,330	4,020
Baltic languages	5,445	2,185	3,260	115	55	60
Latvian	2,255	905	1,350	65	30	35
Lithuanian	3,185	1,280	1,910	50	25	25
Slavic languages	256,205	117,785	138,420	7,240	3,280	3,960
Belarusan	355	170	185	10	5	5
Bosnian	2,750	1,330	1,415	20	10	5
Bulgarian	6,945	3,350	3,590	70	30	40
Croatian	16,525	7,925	8,595	385	200	185
Czech	4,795	2,215	2,580	140	65	70
Macedonian	12,010	5,700	6,315	700	350	355
Polish	69,860	31,625	38,240	3,235	1,425	1,810
Russian	83,105	37,735	45,375	710	295	415
Serbian	21,420	10,425	10,995	425	225	195
Serbo-Croatian	2,420	1,130	1,290	50	30	15
Slovak	5,260	2,455	2,800	190	70	120
Slovene (Slovenian)	3,705	1,630	2,075	195	90	100
Ukrainian	26,550	11,840	14,710	1,075	460	620
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	510	265	245	35	20	15
Celtic languages	460	210	250	50	20	25
Scottish Gaelic	165	75	90	20	5	10
Welsh	150	65	85	20	10	15
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	140	75	70	10	5	0
Germanic languages	45,990	20,810	25,180	4,175	1,895	2,285
Afrikaans	985	475	510	85	35	45
Danish	1,570	710	855	100	50	55
Dutch	8,585	4,045	4,540	1,685	775	910
Frisian	135	60	75	60	25	35
German	29,425	13,140	16,285	2,115	950	1,165
Icelandic	85	40	45	10	5	5
Norwegian	380	170	210	35	15	15
Swedish	1,140	485	660	55	30	30
Vlaams (Flemish)	280	110	170	30	10	20
Yiddish	3,355	1,555	1,800	5	5	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	50	20	25	0	0	0
Greek	41,225	20,005	21,215	1,195	610	585
Indo-Iranian languages	589,495	296,750	292,745	7,965	4,040	3,925
Indo-Aryan languages	476,470	239,960	236,510	5,975	3,010	2,970
Bengali	38,325	19,275	19,045	510	260	250
Gujarati	64,115	32,120	31,995	850	420	430
Hindi	48,140	24,165	23,975	600	300	300
Kashmiri	275	140	140	0	0	0
Konkani	2,155	1,020	1,135	25	10	10
Marathi	4,465	2,270	2,200	50	25	25
Nepali	4,685	2,350	2,330	15	10	10
Oriya (Odia)	585	315	270	10	5	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	171,230	86,995	84,230	825	425	400
Sindhi	5,800	2,720	3,085	90	40	50
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	7,860	3,805	4,055	195	90	100
Urdu	128,845	64,790	64,060	2,795	1,415	1,385
Iranian languages	111,100	55,775	55,330	1,955	1,015	940
Kurdish	2,775	1,555	1,220	35	25	10
Pashto	7,685	3,960	3,730	180	95	85
Persian (Farsi)	100,640	50,255	50,380	1,745	900	845
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	1,920	1,020	910	30	15	15
Italic (Romance) languages	407,685	194,225	213,460	9,855	4,885	4,965
Catalan	165	90	75	5	0	5
Italian	151,415	72,645	78,770	3,720	1,945	1,775
Portuguese	104,305	50,075	54,235	2,200	1,075	1,125
Romanian	25,075	11,670	13,400	680	305	370
Spanish	126,500	59,645	66,860	3,245	1,555	1,690
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	225	105	125	5	0	0
Japanese	9,650	3,370	6,280	110	45	70
Kartvelian languages	1,110	595	515	5	0	0
Georgian	1,110	595	515	0	0	0
Korean	55,005	25,250	29,750	420	205	210
Mongolic languages	345	155	190	5	5	0
Mongolian	345	155	190	5	5	0
Niger-Congo languages	24,130	11,310	12,820	580	280	300
Akan (Twi)	8,490	3,905	4,580	95	45	50
Bamanankan	60	30	30	0	5	0
Edo	1,020	410	610	10	5	5
Ewe	370	185	190	10	0	5
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	220	115	105	10	5	5
Ga	440	200	245	10	5	10
Ganda	515	245	270	10	5	5
Igbo	1,520	775	750	60	30	30
Lingala	375	175	200	15	5	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	355	165	185	20	5	15
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	380	175	210	20	5	10
Shona	680	325	355	45	20	25
Swahili	3,215	1,495	1,715	75	40	35
Wolof	160	90	80	0	0	0
Yoruba	3,380	1,720	1,655	90	45	40
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	2,945	1,310	1,635	105	55	55
Nilo-Saharan languages	360	200	160	10	10	5
Dinka	45	25	15	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	315	170	145	10	10	0
Sign languages	1,220	665	555	90	40	50
American Sign Language	470	250	220	40	15	25
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	750	420	330	55	25	30
Sino-Tibetan languages	516,670	239,930	276,740	3,765	1,735	2,035
Chinese languages	510,185	236,775	273,415	3,735	1,720	2,020
Cantonese	247,710	115,020	132,680	1,455	680	775
Hakka	6,495	2,915	3,580	40	15	20
Mandarin	227,085	105,655	121,435	1,985	910	1,080
Min Dong	765	370	395	5	0	5
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	11,580	5,345	6,235	70	25	40
Wu (Shanghainese)	5,290	2,380	2,910	45	20	20
Chinese, n.o.s.	11,075	4,995	6,080	140	60	80
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	190	95	95	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	6,485	3,160	3,325	30	15	15
Burmese	1,005	450	555	10	5	5
Karenic languages	265	125	140	0	0	0
Tibetan	4,875	2,410	2,470	10	5	5
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	335	175	160	10	5	5
Tai-Kadai languages	3,935	1,600	2,340	160	65	95
Lao	2,275	1,095	1,180	50	20	25
Thai	1,640	495	1,145	115	45	75
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	25	10	15	0	0	0
Turkic languages	16,700	8,685	8,015	155	80	75
Azerbaijani	1,615	865	745	5	0	5
Turkish	13,700	7,145	6,550	135	75	60
Uyghur	385	195	195	5	5	5
Uzbek	595	300	295	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	405	180	225	5	5	0
Uralic languages	24,330	10,880	13,455	1,140	550	590
Estonian	2,685	1,100	1,585	80	45	35
Finnish	2,515	1,010	1,505	150	65	85
Hungarian	19,130	8,765	10,360	915	435	475
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	960	495	465	10	5	5
Multiple responses	237,755	114,960	122,795	5,755	2,735	3,020
English and French	14,945	6,895	8,050	1,090	510	575
English and non-official language	210,320	102,445	107,880	4,345	2,070	2,275
French and non-official language	6,050	2,715	3,330	180	85	95
English, French and non-official language	6,440	2,910	3,535	140	60	75
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,880	376,805	184,350	192,455
Single responses	5,321,900	2,588,170	2,733,730	366,370	179,390	186,980
Official languages	3,866,565	1,899,565	1,966,995	348,655	170,975	177,680
English	3,836,765	1,885,800	1,950,970	346,225	169,815	176,410
French	29,795	13,770	16,030	2,430	1,155	1,270
Non-official languages	1,455,335	688,605	766,730	17,715	8,420	9,300
Aboriginal languages	160	85	80	0	0	5
Algonquian languages	80	40	35	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	5	10	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	45	20	20	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	35	20	15	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Gwich'in	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	5	0	5	0	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	15	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	5	0	5	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	5	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	50	25	30	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,455,175	688,520	766,655	17,710	8,415	9,300
Afro-Asiatic languages	74,095	35,480	38,615	895	445	450
Berber languages	65	30	30	0	0	0
Kabyle	35	15	15	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	35	15	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	8,380	3,530	4,850	30	15	15
Bilen	40	15	20	0	0	0
Oromo	545	250	290	10	5	0
Somali	7,765	3,250	4,520	20	5	15
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	30	15	20	0	0	0
Semitic languages	65,465	31,830	33,635	865	430	430
Amharic	3,815	1,680	2,135	15	10	5
Arabic	45,020	22,145	22,875	760	385	380
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	6,790	3,255	3,535	15	5	10
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	1,095	535	560	5	0	0
Harari	520	235	285	10	0	5
Hebrew	4,395	2,265	2,135	0	0	0
Maltese	875	395	475	45	20	30
Tigrigna	2,480	1,085	1,395	5	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	480	225	250	5	5	5
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	185	90	95	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	33,450	15,260	18,190	330	145	185
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,655	725	935	15	5	10
Vietnamese	31,760	14,525	17,235	315	140	180
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	30	15	20	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	72,495	30,930	41,570	700	310	385
Bikol	85	35	45	0	0	0
Cebuano	1,875	810	1,065	30	10	15
Fijian	10	10	5	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	780	335	445	10	0	5
Ilocano	3,455	1,480	1,970	10	0	10
Malagasy	10	5	5	5	0	0
Malay	1,455	705	750	10	0	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	405	180	225	5	0	5
Pangasinan	80	35	40	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	63,985	27,170	36,815	640	290	355
Waray-Waray	75	30	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	285	135	150	0	0	0
Creole languages	2,845	1,315	1,535	50	25	30
Haitian Creole	120	55	60	10	5	5
Creole, n.o.s.	1,950	900	1,050	20	5	15
Creole languages, n.i.e.	780	355	425	20	15	15
Dravidian languages	88,295	42,605	45,695	1,380	660	720
Kannada	830	415	410	10	5	5
Malayalam	6,400	3,260	3,140	130	80	60
Tamil	76,095	36,265	39,830	1,165	545	620
Telugu	4,870	2,615	2,255	70	30	40
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	95	40	50	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	723,495	347,435	376,055	10,990	5,205	5,785
Albanian	6,385	3,195	3,190	40	25	15
Armenian	7,475	3,530	3,940	55	25	30
Balto-Slavic languages	135,230	63,280	71,950	2,545	1,155	1,395
Baltic languages	1,640	680	960	20	10	5
Latvian	600	245	355	10	5	5
Lithuanian	1,045	440	605	10	5	5
Slavic languages	133,590	62,600	70,995	2,530	1,150	1,385
Belarusan	125	60	65	0	0	0
Bosnian	1,330	645	690	5	5	5
Bulgarian	3,860	1,875	1,980	30	20	20
Croatian	5,940	2,845	3,095	95	45	45
Czech	1,415	685	730	25	15	10
Macedonian	4,970	2,355	2,615	185	75	105
Polish	33,325	15,550	17,775	1,280	590	685
Russian	53,675	24,950	28,720	350	155	200
Serbian	12,200	5,910	6,290	205	95	110
Serbo-Croatian	935	435	500	25	15	10
Slovak	2,290	1,115	1,175	45	25	25
Slovene (Slovenian)	890	385	500	40	20	20
Ukrainian	12,515	5,720	6,790	245	100	150
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	135	55	80	10	5	5
Celtic languages	65	35	30	5	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	25	15	10	0	5	5
Welsh	20	5	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5,315	2,430	2,885	305	130	175
Afrikaans	265	125	145	30	15	15
Danish	135	65	75	0	0	0
Dutch	655	300	350	85	35	50
Frisian	5	0	0	5	0	5
German	3,590	1,625	1,965	185	75	105
Icelandic	20	5	15	5	0	5
Norwegian	45	15	20	0	0	0
Swedish	220	100	120	5	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	25	15	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	350	175	175	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Greek	16,940	7,905	9,035	310	155	160
Indo-Iranian languages	367,340	181,800	185,540	4,290	2,090	2,205
Indo-Aryan languages	292,940	145,580	147,360	3,195	1,565	1,630
Bengali	24,615	12,140	12,470	275	140	140
Gujarati	38,265	18,750	19,515	420	195	220
Hindi	23,995	11,925	12,065	260	115	140
Kashmiri	50	25	25	0	0	0
Konkani	440	215	230	10	5	5
Marathi	2,000	1,030	970	35	15	15
Nepali	3,085	1,560	1,525	10	5	5
Oriya (Odia)	270	135	140	5	5	5
Punjabi (Panjabi)	116,045	58,355	57,690	435	220	215
Sindhi	2,485	1,140	1,350	30	15	15
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	3,580	1,750	1,825	65	30	30
Urdu	78,105	38,560	39,550	1,650	815	835
Iranian languages	73,635	35,825	37,805	1,090	520	570
Kurdish	1,470	795	675	15	5	10
Pashto	4,850	2,430	2,415	90	45	45
Persian (Farsi)	67,315	32,600	34,715	985	465	515
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	770	395	375	10	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages	184,745	85,260	99,480	3,435	1,635	1,800
Catalan	80	40	45	0	0	0
Italian	51,815	22,250	29,560	900	395	500
Portuguese	50,210	24,070	26,135	735	335	395
Romanian	12,200	5,660	6,540	310	145	165
Spanish	70,370	33,205	37,165	1,495	755	735
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	65	30	35	0	0	0
Japanese	4,550	1,950	2,600	50	20	30
Kartvelian languages	745	405	335	0	0	0
Georgian	745	405	335	0	0	0
Korean	38,435	17,960	20,475	245	125	120
Mongolic languages	200	100	95	5	0	0
Mongolian	200	100	95	0	5	5
Niger-Congo languages	8,925	3,985	4,945	130	60	70
Akan (Twi)	4,040	1,745	2,300	20	15	15
Bamanankan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Edo	295	115	175	5	0	0
Ewe	95	40	55	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	75	35	40	5	0	5
Ga	150	65	85	0	0	0
Ganda	155	70	85	0	0	5
Igbo	410	205	205	5	0	5
Lingala	95	40	55	10	5	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	125	60	65	15	5	10
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	115	50	65	10	5	5
Shona	235	115	125	5	0	5
Swahili	1,225	540	690	15	5	10
Wolof	80	45	35	0	0	0
Yoruba	1,080	520	560	15	10	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	735	330	405	20	10	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	90	45	45	0	0	5
Dinka	15	5	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	75	40	40	0	0	0
Sign languages	1,910	1,085	825	150	95	60
American Sign Language	720	375	345	50	25	25
Quebec Sign Language	0	5	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	1,190	710	480	100	65	35
Sino-Tibetan languages	385,150	180,140	205,005	2,380	1,140	1,240
Chinese languages	380,550	177,880	202,675	2,370	1,135	1,240
Cantonese	182,755	84,030	98,725	815	385	430
Hakka	2,725	1,240	1,490	5	5	5
Mandarin	179,665	85,535	94,135	1,425	680	750
Min Dong	240	105	135	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5,065	2,315	2,745	20	10	15
Wu (Shanghainese)	3,130	1,465	1,665	20	10	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	6,890	3,155	3,735	85	45	40
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	85	35	50	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	4,595	2,265	2,330	5	5	0
Burmese	575	260	310	0	0	0
Karenic languages	215	105	110	0	0	0
Tibetan	3,705	1,845	1,860	5	5	5
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	100	55	50	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	1,635	765	865	95	45	55
Lao	1,050	505	540	20	10	10
Thai	575	255	320	75	35	40
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages	9,495	4,755	4,740	60	30	30
Azerbaijani	645	325	320	0	0	0
Turkish	8,155	4,070	4,090	60	30	25
Uyghur	225	120	105	5	0	5
Uzbek	315	165	145	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	150	70	80	0	0	0
Uralic languages	9,040	4,135	4,900	250	115	130
Estonian	650	240	410	0	0	5
Finnish	510	220	290	15	10	5
Hungarian	7,875	3,680	4,200	235	105	130
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	320	165	155	0	0	0
Multiple responses	561,765	270,615	291,155	10,435	4,960	5,475
English and French	13,015	5,965	7,055	835	365	465
English and non-official language	535,630	258,900	276,730	9,290	4,455	4,840
French and non-official language	2,390	1,055	1,340	55	30	30
English, French and non-official language	10,730	4,700	6,035	250	110	140
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,885	376,805	184,350	192,450
None	4,489,770	2,189,920	2,299,850	346,160	170,050	176,110
English	594,565	291,580	302,985	9,370	4,585	4,785
French	52,850	22,910	29,940	4,830	1,990	2,840
Non-official language	720,320	342,165	378,160	15,910	7,490	8,420
Aboriginal	480	205	275	45	15	30
Non-Aboriginal	719,840	341,955	377,885	15,865	7,475	8,395
English and French	4,015	1,855	2,165	95	35	60
English and non-official language	13,540	6,615	6,925	180	90	90
French and non-official language	8,355	3,630	4,730	255	110	145
English, French and non-official language	255	120	135	0	0	5
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	306,460	148,375	158,080
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,631,950	2,227,300	2,404,650	291,745	141,450	150,290
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,705	36,559	28,070	37,988	46,516	30,765
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,632,745	2,227,500	2,405,245	291,865	141,460	150,400
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,242	33,167	26,233	34,127	40,810	28,245
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,084,930	2,011,885	2,073,045	263,580	130,745	132,835
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,705	38,299	28,006	36,637	45,700	28,361
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,323,485	1,463,175	1,860,305	207,115	90,430	116,685
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	2,205	1,016	3,814	4,364	2,111	5,552
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,454,585	1,751,255	1,703,330	225,245	116,260	108,990
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,838	39,549	30,701	37,299	44,866	31,403
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,905	306,460	148,375	158,085
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,632,420	2,227,415	2,405,000	291,525	141,225	150,300
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	50,479	60,343	41,343	48,625	58,153	39,672
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,633,195	2,227,640	2,405,550	291,660	141,230	150,430
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,565	47,026	34,582	40,099	46,873	33,739
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,085,085	2,011,905	2,073,175	263,150	130,505	132,640
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	52,042	62,785	41,617	48,082	58,328	38,001
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,323,000	1,463,150	1,859,850	206,880	90,030	116,850
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,392	5,530	7,071	7,359	6,667	7,892
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,454,590	1,751,680	1,702,905	225,250	116,145	109,100
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	51,801	61,164	42,171	47,383	55,032	39,239
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,900	306,455	148,375	158,080
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	1,645,880	909,065	736,815	110,525	61,895	48,625
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	56,454	60,974	51,880	60,254	67,120	53,464
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	74,722	84,091	63,161	69,060	76,869	59,120
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	90.9	93.9	86.8	89.2	92.6	84.6
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	76.5	79.7	72.1	75.1	77.7	71.5
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	9.1	6.1	13.2	10.8	7.4	15.4
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,895	306,460	148,375	158,085
Without total income	247,145	117,900	129,245	14,715	6,920	7,790
With total income	4,631,950	2,227,295	2,404,655	291,745	141,450	150,295
Percentage with total income	94.9	95.0	94.9	95.2	95.3	95.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	816,625	368,835	447,795	41,460	17,425	24,035
$10,000 to $19,999	824,160	348,745	475,420	45,105	17,190	27,910
$20,000 to $29,999	589,070	254,985	334,085	34,970	13,215	21,755
$30,000 to $39,999	463,975	209,685	254,290	30,295	13,275	17,020
$40,000 to $49,999	407,495	189,100	218,390	30,020	14,385	15,640
$50,000 to $59,999	325,105	158,480	166,620	24,560	12,715	11,845
$60,000 to $69,999	258,085	134,225	123,855	19,210	10,690	8,520
$70,000 to $79,999	203,100	111,065	92,035	15,400	9,060	6,345
$80,000 to $89,999	161,920	90,560	71,355	12,635	7,505	5,125
$90,000 to $99,999	137,570	73,985	63,585	10,880	6,260	4,620
$100,000 and over	444,845	287,620	157,225	27,220	19,740	7,480
$100,000 to $149,999	272,905	168,210	104,700	19,755	13,900	5,855
$150,000 and over	171,935	119,415	52,525	7,460	5,840	1,620
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	306,460	148,375	158,085
Without after-tax income	246,350	117,700	128,650	14,595	6,915	7,680
With after-tax income	4,632,740	2,227,495	2,405,245	291,865	141,460	150,405
Percentage with after-tax income	95.0	95.0	94.9	95.2	95.3	95.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	830,700	373,605	457,095	42,765	17,675	25,095
$10,000 to $19,999	856,665	364,095	492,575	47,100	18,025	29,075
$20,000 to $29,999	673,015	294,190	378,830	40,810	16,015	24,795
$30,000 to $39,999	552,905	254,030	298,870	38,110	17,455	20,655
$40,000 to $49,999	472,370	226,445	245,925	34,885	17,665	17,215
$50,000 to $59,999	348,665	180,280	168,385	25,985	14,440	11,545
$60,000 to $69,999	256,270	141,835	114,435	19,555	11,635	7,920
$70,000 to $79,999	198,170	109,175	88,995	15,530	9,155	6,380
$80,000 and over	443,970	283,840	160,130	27,120	19,395	7,725
$80,000 to $89,999	132,515	76,100	56,410	9,950	6,410	3,545
$90,000 to $99,999	79,285	49,680	29,605	5,860	4,230	1,630
$100,000 and over	232,170	158,060	74,115	11,305	8,750	2,555
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	306,455	148,375	158,085
Without employment income	1,424,510	593,940	830,565	81,210	32,115	49,100
With employment income	3,454,590	1,751,260	1,703,330	225,245	116,260	108,985
Percentage with employment income	70.8	74.7	67.2	73.5	78.4	68.9
Under $5,000 (including loss)	432,990	203,395	229,595	34,450	18,015	16,430
$5,000 to $9,999	286,225	129,320	156,910	16,685	6,995	9,690
$10,000 to $19,999	470,970	221,325	249,645	26,165	11,135	15,030
$20,000 to $29,999	371,235	170,795	200,440	20,740	8,940	11,800
$30,000 to $39,999	336,685	157,540	179,150	20,080	8,690	11,390
$40,000 to $49,999	310,550	147,370	163,180	19,440	8,970	10,470
$50,000 to $59,999	255,620	129,510	126,105	17,565	9,045	8,520
$60,000 to $69,999	206,215	110,510	95,705	14,515	8,055	6,460
$70,000 to $79,999	166,035	93,745	72,290	12,475	7,390	5,085
$80,000 and over	618,065	387,750	230,315	43,130	29,030	14,105
$80,000 to $89,999	136,480	78,255	58,230	10,755	6,400	4,355
$90,000 to $99,999	121,935	65,620	56,320	9,620	5,530	4,090
$100,000 and over	359,645	243,875	115,775	22,755	17,095	5,665
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	2,135,910	...	...	138,960	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	78,373	...	...	85,697	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	68,632	...	...	74,061	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	519,790	...	...	29,660	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,560	...	...	40,881	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,294	...	...	36,074	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	1,616,120	...	...	109,300	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	94,463	...	...	100,643	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	82,594	...	...	86,177	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	2,135,910	...	...	138,960	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	109,480	...	...	102,009	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	87,993	...	...	84,163	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	519,930	...	...	29,650	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	55,833	...	...	49,675	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	44,755	...	...	41,315	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	1,615,980	...	...	109,315	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	126,740	...	...	116,204	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	101,904	...	...	95,785	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	2,135,910	...	...	138,965	...	...
Under $5,000	47,170	...	...	1,150	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	32,275	...	...	1,130	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	50,900	...	...	2,755	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	75,725	...	...	3,455	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	73,110	...	...	4,290	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	74,910	...	...	4,060	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	76,830	...	...	4,470	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	78,800	...	...	4,480	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	78,620	...	...	5,040	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	77,375	...	...	4,830	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	150,140	...	...	9,980	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	141,320	...	...	9,605	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	131,390	...	...	9,135	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	122,205	...	...	8,800	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	113,055	...	...	8,425	...	...
$100,000 and over	812,085	...	...	57,350	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	229,055	...	...	17,510	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	167,755	...	...	13,185	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	200,605	...	...	15,375	...	...
$200,000 and over	214,660	...	...	11,290	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	2,135,905	...	...	138,960	...	...
Under $5,000	49,905	...	...	1,255	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	32,655	...	...	1,160	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	51,760	...	...	2,805	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	78,605	...	...	3,630	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	80,190	...	...	4,795	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	82,520	...	...	4,620	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	87,360	...	...	5,195	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	92,550	...	...	5,770	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	95,185	...	...	5,915	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	93,510	...	...	5,975	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	179,885	...	...	12,255	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	165,340	...	...	11,505	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	153,020	...	...	11,235	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	136,810	...	...	10,415	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	118,465	...	...	8,950	...	...
$100,000 and over	638,165	...	...	43,490	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	229,315	...	...	17,790	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	149,930	...	...	11,260	...	...
$150,000 and over	258,915	...	...	14,445	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	1,557,640	...	...	106,430	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	94,132	...	...	100,406	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	82,232	...	...	85,911	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.3	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	423,565	...	...	32,690	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	85,201	...	...	85,756	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,904	...	...	74,240	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	822,810	...	...	52,550	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	114,050	...	...	126,911	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,699	...	...	106,820	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	257,415	...	...	18,460	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	57,120	...	...	60,071	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,715	...	...	54,788	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	1,556,795	...	...	106,430	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	127,226	...	...	116,104	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	102,021	...	...	95,559	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	423,700	...	...	32,630	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	120,527	...	...	100,958	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	94,618	...	...	83,399	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	823,190	...	...	52,625	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	148,914	...	...	141,829	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	118,944	...	...	115,545	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	255,745	...	...	18,440	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	73,609	...	...	70,363	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	62,869	...	...	60,192	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	747,115	353,075	394,040	40,580	19,655	20,920
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	32,613	33,636	31,818	36,116	40,492	33,090
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	29,868	30,519	29,362	32,498	35,649	30,294
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	745,705	351,920	393,790	40,520	19,705	20,820
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	47,973	50,595	45,630	44,874	49,180	40,800
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	39,048	40,380	37,857	37,634	40,397	35,019
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	5,862,855	2,849,955	3,012,895	375,605	183,810	191,795
In the bottom half of the distribution	2,813,285	1,338,400	1,474,885	154,840	72,855	81,985
In the bottom decile	652,620	315,260	337,360	27,170	12,950	14,220
In the second decile	583,750	269,305	314,445	27,390	12,045	15,345
In the third decile	539,335	254,260	285,075	29,835	13,870	15,965
In the fourth decile	518,440	248,375	270,065	33,430	15,945	17,485
In the fifth decile	519,140	251,205	267,935	37,020	18,050	18,970
In the top half of the distribution	3,049,570	1,511,555	1,538,015	220,760	110,950	109,805
In the sixth decile	528,520	256,980	271,540	39,910	19,780	20,130
In the seventh decile	546,775	267,890	278,885	43,495	21,570	21,925
In the eighth decile	580,185	286,725	293,460	47,155	23,660	23,495
In the ninth decile	639,880	318,340	321,540	50,080	25,380	24,705
In the top decile	754,210	381,625	372,590	40,125	20,565	19,560
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	5,862,595	2,849,835	3,012,760	375,605	183,810	191,795
0 to 17 years	1,195,910	614,060	581,850	83,635	42,655	40,975
0 to 5 years	374,440	191,880	182,555	26,140	13,400	12,745
18 to 64 years	3,851,275	1,866,775	1,984,495	239,350	117,280	122,075
65 years and over	815,415	369,005	446,405	52,620	23,875	28,745
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	912,405	430,210	482,200	38,475	17,490	20,990
0 to 17 years	235,120	121,220	113,905	11,450	5,830	5,620
0 to 5 years	75,855	39,055	36,795	3,835	1,965	1,870
18 to 64 years	565,145	264,585	300,560	22,620	10,230	12,395
65 years and over	112,140	44,405	67,735	4,405	1,430	2,975
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.6	15.1	16.0	10.2	9.5	10.9
0 to 17 years (%)	19.7	19.7	19.6	13.7	13.7	13.7
0 to 5 years (%)	20.3	20.4	20.2	14.7	14.7	14.7
18 to 64 years (%)	14.7	14.2	15.1	9.5	8.7	10.2
65 years and over (%)	13.8	12.0	15.2	8.4	6.0	10.3
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	749,935	359,355	390,585	21,705	10,590	11,115
0 to 17 years	178,525	91,985	86,540	5,655	2,920	2,740
0 to 5 years	58,105	29,855	28,245	1,915	1,005	915
18 to 64 years	499,350	239,960	259,390	15,055	7,285	7,775
65 years and over	72,065	27,410	44,660	990	385	605
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	12.8	12.6	13.0	5.8	5.8	5.8
0 to 17 years (%)	14.9	15.0	14.9	6.8	6.8	6.7
0 to 5 years (%)	15.5	15.6	15.5	7.3	7.5	7.2
18 to 64 years (%)	13.0	12.9	13.1	6.3	6.2	6.4
65 years and over (%)	8.8	7.4	10.0	1.9	1.6	2.1
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,865	375,605	183,810	191,795
Official languages	5,605,085	2,747,700	2,857,380	373,240	182,750	190,490
English	5,600,485	2,745,820	2,854,665	373,030	182,655	190,370
French	466,820	200,835	265,990	27,645	11,860	15,785
Non-official languages	3,115,825	1,485,485	1,630,340	56,995	27,525	29,465
Aboriginal languages	1,105	450	655	95	35	55
Algonquian languages	940	395	545	55	20	40
Blackfoot	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	190	90	95	30	10	20
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	50	30	20	10	0	10
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	30	10	15	10	0	10
Woods Cree	15	10	0	10	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	100	45	55	0	0	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	45	20	25	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	45	25	25	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	705	280	425	30	10	20
Algonquin	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ojibway	675	270	405	30	10	15
Oji-Cree	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	20	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	10	10	10	0	10
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	10	0	10	0	0	10
Dogrib (Tlicho)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	20	10	10	10	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	15	0	0	0	0	10
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	60	20	40	20	20	10
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	45	15	35	25	20	0
Oneida	10	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	15	10	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Dakota	10	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	30	20	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,114,775	1,485,055	1,629,720	56,905	27,495	29,415
Afro-Asiatic languages	211,335	106,115	105,215	2,810	1,470	1,335
Berber languages	245	135	110	0	0	0
Kabyle	80	40	40	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	170	95	75	10	0	10
Cushitic languages	20,445	8,910	11,530	75	45	35
Bilen	85	50	35	0	0	0
Oromo	1,390	590	800	10	10	0
Somali	18,965	8,250	10,715	70	30	40
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	85	30	50	0	0	0
Semitic languages	191,925	97,710	94,215	2,710	1,420	1,285
Amharic	11,440	5,325	6,115	75	45	30
Arabic	125,970	65,090	60,880	2,180	1,170	1,010
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	12,500	6,090	6,410	15	10	10
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	2,220	1,110	1,105	20	10	0
Harari	1,250	635	620	20	0	15
Hebrew	38,385	19,590	18,795	135	65	70
Maltese	4,675	2,295	2,380	280	120	160
Tigrigna	5,960	2,790	3,180	10	10	10
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	1,135	555	580	25	15	15
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	720	335	390	30	15	15
Austro-Asiatic languages	67,000	30,750	36,245	590	250	340
Khmer (Cambodian)	4,340	1,900	2,445	80	40	40
Vietnamese	62,935	29,000	33,935	515	210	305
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	40	0	35	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	205,810	81,995	123,815	3,265	1,270	2,000
Bikol	580	260	325	10	0	0
Cebuano	7,350	2,960	4,395	225	95	125
Fijian	50	20	30	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	2,545	1,015	1,530	40	15	25
Ilocano	12,740	5,000	7,740	110	45	65
Malagasy	90	45	45	0	0	0
Malay	7,305	3,360	3,945	175	70	105
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,600	735	875	50	15	35
Pangasinan	450	200	255	10	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	193,480	76,640	116,840	2,910	1,130	1,780
Waray-Waray	320	100	220	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,275	525	750	35	20	15
Creole languages	16,750	7,530	9,220	600	260	335
Haitian Creole	645	290	355	40	20	25
Creole, n.o.s.	9,125	4,110	5,015	225	95	135
Creole languages, n.i.e.	7,130	3,185	3,945	335	160	175
Dravidian languages	176,480	87,740	88,740	2,855	1,460	1,395
Kannada	4,470	2,245	2,215	95	55	40
Malayalam	17,255	8,785	8,475	335	155	175
Tamil	146,145	71,915	74,225	2,395	1,250	1,145
Telugu	13,615	7,460	6,150	170	70	100
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	440	225	210	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,768,825	861,040	907,780	39,535	19,360	20,180
Albanian	15,375	7,695	7,680	115	60	55
Armenian	15,225	7,275	7,950	155	70	80
Balto-Slavic languages	300,880	140,300	160,580	8,680	4,100	4,590
Baltic languages	6,340	2,595	3,745	105	45	55
Latvian	2,630	1,115	1,520	55	30	25
Lithuanian	3,710	1,480	2,230	50	20	30
Slavic languages	296,240	138,420	157,820	8,600	4,055	4,545
Belarusan	945	495	450	15	15	0
Bosnian	4,355	2,110	2,250	60	35	25
Bulgarian	8,055	3,940	4,120	85	45	35
Croatian	23,785	11,605	12,180	630	320	310
Czech	6,300	2,975	3,325	255	140	115
Macedonian	16,730	8,025	8,700	905	445	460
Polish	83,545	38,245	45,300	3,640	1,675	1,965
Russian	111,165	51,675	59,485	1,135	465	670
Serbian	27,390	13,560	13,830	720	375	340
Serbo-Croatian	2,865	1,390	1,475	45	25	20
Slovak	6,085	2,790	3,295	195	100	95
Slovene (Slovenian)	4,450	2,010	2,440	230	95	130
Ukrainian	38,030	17,050	20,980	1,420	655	765
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	630	360	265	65	35	30
Celtic languages	1,910	985	920	140	65	80
Scottish Gaelic	650	325	320	70	40	35
Welsh	235	115	125	30	0	20
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	1,025	550	475	50	20	30
Germanic languages	80,940	38,460	42,480	5,305	2,420	2,880
Afrikaans	4,255	2,095	2,160	215	80	130
Danish	2,125	965	1,165	125	45	85
Dutch	11,655	5,440	6,215	1,780	825	950
Frisian	195	75	115	70	30	40
German	55,040	26,285	28,755	3,040	1,400	1,645
Icelandic	130	55	75	20	10	15
Norwegian	960	460	500	60	40	20
Swedish	2,570	1,165	1,410	110	55	55
Vlaams (Flemish)	265	110	150	30	10	20
Yiddish	6,510	3,200	3,305	20	10	10
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	105	50	55	0	0	0
Greek	60,400	29,665	30,735	1,800	895	900
Indo-Iranian languages	765,115	386,165	378,955	10,330	5,200	5,130
Indo-Aryan languages	639,795	323,555	316,245	8,335	4,170	4,160
Bengali	48,410	24,580	23,830	665	335	330
Gujarati	87,570	43,795	43,770	1,140	555	585
Hindi	207,780	105,570	102,210	2,535	1,285	1,250
Kashmiri	475	240	235	15	10	0
Konkani	4,995	2,265	2,730	65	40	25
Marathi	8,630	4,460	4,170	100	45	50
Nepali	6,385	3,155	3,235	25	15	15
Oriya (Odia)	930	445	480	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	243,875	125,225	118,655	1,715	905	810
Sindhi	9,685	4,545	5,135	135	60	75
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15,135	7,605	7,525	440	180	260
Urdu	194,390	98,385	96,005	4,040	2,060	1,975
Iranian languages	130,695	65,170	65,520	2,140	1,090	1,045
Kurdish	3,845	2,175	1,670	35	25	10
Pashto	11,400	6,040	5,365	165	95	65
Persian (Farsi)	119,790	59,470	60,320	2,020	1,015	1,005
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	3,515	1,895	1,620	90	55	35
Italic (Romance) languages	567,300	268,895	298,410	13,930	7,015	6,910
Catalan	315	165	150	0	0	0
Italian	220,425	105,435	114,985	5,395	2,815	2,580
Portuguese	134,220	64,585	69,640	2,575	1,285	1,290
Romanian	29,765	13,805	15,965	880	415	470
Spanish	206,090	95,990	110,100	5,465	2,700	2,765
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	655	320	340	20	10	10
Japanese	17,460	7,535	9,920	240	90	150
Kartvelian languages	1,465	740	725	0	0	10
Georgian	1,465	740	725	0	0	0
Korean	62,350	29,150	33,205	460	240	220
Mongolic languages	445	190	255	0	0	0
Mongolian	445	190	255	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	47,720	22,705	25,015	1,195	585	610
Akan (Twi)	13,715	6,345	7,365	185	100	85
Bamanankan	200	110	90	20	10	0
Edo	1,890	825	1,070	20	10	15
Ewe	520	270	250	15	0	10
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	485	245	240	10	0	0
Ga	1,005	490	515	15	10	10
Ganda	865	410	455	0	0	0
Igbo	2,925	1,445	1,475	70	35	35
Lingala	2,080	895	1,185	125	80	50
Rundi (Kirundi)	535	255	285	50	20	35
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	695	295	400	70	35	35
Shona	1,175	515	655	80	35	45
Swahili	10,350	5,110	5,240	210	110	100
Wolof	415	185	230	0	0	0
Yoruba	7,935	3,980	3,960	200	95	105
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	6,340	2,935	3,405	315	150	160
Nilo-Saharan languages	500	285	215	15	10	0
Dinka	85	65	25	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	415	220	195	15	10	0
Sign languages	5,980	2,555	3,425	655	230	430
American Sign Language	3,505	1,325	2,175	420	125	295
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	15	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	2,575	1,280	1,295	240	105	140
Sino-Tibetan languages	581,165	272,700	308,470	4,295	2,020	2,280
Chinese languages	574,095	269,220	304,875	4,245	1,995	2,250
Cantonese	306,700	142,590	164,115	1,775	790	990
Hakka	7,185	3,150	4,035	20	10	10
Mandarin	313,605	145,835	167,765	2,610	1,235	1,375
Min Dong	710	285	425	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	13,985	6,265	7,715	115	65	55
Wu (Shanghainese)	6,885	3,200	3,685	65	40	25
Chinese, n.o.s.	11,470	5,200	6,270	215	105	110
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	135	75	60	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	7,455	3,695	3,770	60	35	25
Burmese	1,325	600	720	15	0	10
Karenic languages	245	115	135	0	0	0
Tibetan	5,465	2,725	2,740	35	15	15
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	500	290	210	10	10	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5,070	2,155	2,915	195	135	60
Lao	2,895	1,370	1,525	90	45	40
Thai	2,450	915	1,535	125	90	30
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	30	10	20	0	0	0
Turkic languages	24,680	12,835	11,845	225	120	105
Azerbaijani	2,645	1,345	1,300	20	0	15
Turkish	20,745	10,830	9,915	210	115	90
Uyghur	490	225	265	0	0	0
Uzbek	815	440	375	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	560	270	290	0	0	0
Uralic languages	27,660	12,555	15,095	1,245	630	615
Estonian	2,995	1,295	1,705	65	40	25
Finnish	2,835	1,215	1,615	140	65	80
Hungarian	21,890	10,070	11,830	1,035	525	510
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	2,300	1,195	1,105	60	30	30
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	375,600	183,810	191,795
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	5,134,440	2,503,870	2,630,575	362,730	177,510	185,220
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,102,940	565,995	536,940	82,270	41,930	40,340
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	4,031,505	1,937,875	2,093,635	280,460	135,580	144,880
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	728,410	346,120	382,285	12,870	6,300	6,575
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	375,605	183,810	191,795
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	3,020,405	1,511,930	1,508,475	306,075	150,495	155,575
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	2,705,550	1,269,995	1,435,560	67,575	32,140	35,435
Before 1981	611,635	284,800	326,830	29,040	13,715	15,325
1981 to 1990	370,195	177,010	193,190	9,705	4,710	4,990
1991 to 2000	638,770	298,245	340,520	11,450	5,480	5,975
2001 to 2010	728,025	341,100	386,925	12,830	6,055	6,775
2001 to 2005	379,400	178,780	200,620	6,870	3,250	3,620
2006 to 2010	348,620	162,320	186,305	5,960	2,805	3,155
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	356,930	168,835	188,095	4,545	2,180	2,365
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	136,895	68,065	68,830	1,955	1,175	785
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	2,705,550	1,269,990	1,435,560	67,570	32,140	35,430
Under 5 years	225,470	112,150	113,325	8,290	4,230	4,055
5 to 14 years	449,875	226,440	223,440	14,680	7,405	7,280
15 to 24 years	588,860	261,700	327,155	16,525	7,290	9,235
25 to 44 years	1,154,390	541,415	612,980	24,265	11,580	12,680
45 years and over	286,960	128,295	158,665	3,815	1,630	2,180
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	2,705,550	1,269,990	1,435,560	67,575	32,140	35,430
Americas	409,865	181,700	228,165	16,170	7,365	8,805
Brazil	10,625	4,950	5,675	305	105	195
Colombia	17,150	7,850	9,295	370	185	190
El Salvador	11,110	5,535	5,580	245	130	115
Guyana	69,025	30,505	38,515	2,570	1,150	1,420
Haiti	2,590	1,225	1,370	125	55	70
Jamaica	99,660	41,700	57,960	4,675	2,105	2,570
Mexico	11,395	5,070	6,320	345	140	210
Peru	8,095	3,600	4,500	180	75	105
Trinidad and Tobago	43,135	19,035	24,095	2,205	1,095	1,110
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	46,695	21,755	24,940	2,290	955	1,335
Other places of birth in Americas	90,390	40,480	49,915	2,855	1,365	1,490
Europe	617,555	291,735	325,815	28,890	13,890	15,000
Bosnia and Herzegovina	9,630	4,760	4,875	230	145	85
Croatia	12,010	5,760	6,250	425	210	210
France	6,890	3,220	3,670	220	140	80
Germany	22,970	10,725	12,240	1,720	835	885
Greece	27,885	13,595	14,290	715	380	330
Hungary	11,925	5,380	6,540	555	315	245
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	8,115	3,955	4,160	620	290	330
Italy	103,620	50,525	53,090	2,445	1,335	1,110
Netherlands	7,620	3,700	3,915	1,580	775	805
Poland	57,450	25,810	31,640	2,250	980	1,275
Portugal	71,045	34,235	36,810	1,225	625	600
Romania	25,515	11,630	13,890	800	385	415
Russian Federation	34,385	14,875	19,510	420	165	250
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	13,080	6,355	6,725	350	165	185
Ukraine	32,110	14,690	17,420	505	220	280
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	99,165	47,375	51,790	12,465	5,800	6,670
Other places of birth in Europe	74,130	35,130	38,995	2,370	1,130	1,240
Africa	152,755	73,585	79,165	3,465	1,750	1,715
Algeria	1,240	650	595	15	10	10
Egypt	24,820	12,865	11,950	400	215	185
Ethiopia	10,865	4,965	5,900	120	60	55
Kenya	11,305	5,165	6,140	205	85	120
Morocco	3,480	1,700	1,780	75	55	25
Nigeria	16,400	8,135	8,260	445	205	240
Somalia	10,850	4,350	6,500	35	20	15
South Africa, Republic of	13,040	6,345	6,690	515	275	235
Other places of birth in Africa	60,760	29,410	31,355	1,650	820	835
Asia	1,518,125	719,445	798,680	18,770	8,970	9,795
Afghanistan	25,420	12,730	12,690	970	485	485
Bangladesh	32,385	16,330	16,055	425	210	220
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	266,840	121,555	145,290	2,240	1,010	1,230
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	100,060	46,985	53,080	505	225	280
India	307,275	153,190	154,085	3,235	1,615	1,620
IranCensus data footnote 61	74,530	37,130	37,395	485	265	220
Iraq	29,230	14,640	14,595	150	80	75
Japan	5,880	1,905	3,975	85	15	70
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	45,700	21,285	24,420	405	215	195
Lebanon	13,610	7,315	6,295	370	205	165
Pakistan	119,085	60,120	58,960	2,500	1,315	1,185
Philippines	192,265	78,690	113,570	3,190	1,290	1,900
Sri Lanka	101,550	49,580	51,965	1,830	880	950
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	10,830	5,430	5,400	55	30	20
Taiwan	14,980	6,510	8,465	115	55	65
Viet Nam	59,365	26,830	32,540	430	170	260
Other places of birth in Asia	119,120	59,225	59,900	1,775	905	875
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	7,260	3,525	3,730	280	165	115
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	356,930	168,835	188,095	4,545	2,180	2,365
Americas	40,810	19,490	21,320	1,040	550	485
Brazil	2,595	1,225	1,370	40	15	25
Colombia	2,610	1,220	1,385	70	45	30
Cuba	1,200	535	660	25	10	15
Haiti	865	415	450	40	25	20
Jamaica	7,300	3,825	3,475	235	150	85
Mexico	3,045	1,450	1,590	55	25	30
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	8,075	4,090	3,990	240	120	115
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	1,880	875	1,005	25	10	10
Other places of birth in Americas	13,250	5,845	7,395	310	155	155
Europe	31,805	15,585	16,225	540	270	270
France	1,400	675	725	10	10	0
Germany	915	490	420	10	10	0
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	1,490	935	560	25	20	0
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	775	365	415	0	0	0
Romania	1,490	590	900	60	25	30
Russian Federation	3,935	1,430	2,505	10	0	10
Ukraine	3,655	1,690	1,960	65	25	35
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	3,990	2,385	1,605	185	105	80
Other places of birth in Europe	14,150	7,020	7,135	180	75	100
Africa	24,760	12,150	12,615	475	255	215
Algeria	205	95	115	0	0	0
Cameroon	805	355	450	10	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	565	250	315	20	15	10
Côte d'Ivoire	290	135	150	20	10	0
Egypt	5,975	3,105	2,870	125	65	60
Eritrea	1,065	520	540	0	0	0
Ethiopia	1,665	755	915	0	0	0
Morocco	365	145	220	10	0	0
Nigeria	4,805	2,340	2,460	90	50	40
Somalia	1,155	555	600	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	810	440	370	55	25	30
Tunisia	125	90	40	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	6,950	3,375	3,575	150	85	65
Asia	258,265	120,865	137,405	2,440	1,065	1,380
Afghanistan	4,615	2,315	2,300	60	25	35
Bangladesh	6,870	3,400	3,465	55	25	25
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	49,815	22,155	27,660	415	185	230
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	1,815	730	1,085	10	0	0
India	58,820	29,560	29,260	530	250	280
IranCensus data footnote 61	18,635	9,020	9,620	80	40	45
Iraq	8,270	4,125	4,150	30	0	20
Israel	1,665	880	785	10	10	0
Japan	965	265	700	25	0	25
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	4,885	2,215	2,665	20	10	15
Lebanon	1,440	780	660	20	10	10
Nepal	2,430	1,245	1,190	0	0	0
Pakistan	21,750	10,650	11,100	315	155	160
Philippines	43,590	17,995	25,595	475	155	315
Saudi Arabia	2,135	1,085	1,045	70	40	30
Sri Lanka	7,395	3,220	4,175	135	65	70
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	5,505	2,855	2,650	10	0	0
Taiwan	760	300	460	15	0	0
Turkey	2,055	1,145	910	0	10	0
United Arab Emirates	3,375	1,695	1,680	20	10	10
Viet Nam	2,690	1,060	1,625	15	0	10
Other places of birth in Asia	8,780	4,155	4,625	145	70	70
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	1,285	755	535	55	40	15
Australia	1,005	615	390	45	35	10
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	285	140	150	10	10	10
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,865	375,605	183,810	191,795
First generationCensus data footnote 69	2,874,265	1,354,410	1,519,860	70,785	33,960	36,825
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	1,676,530	844,955	831,575	86,790	43,465	43,330
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	1,312,060	650,630	661,430	218,030	106,380	111,645
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	2,129,485	1,002,290	1,127,200	39,545	18,890	20,655
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	1,063,255	525,765	537,490	18,125	9,070	9,055
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	424,005	261,635	162,370	7,005	4,440	2,560
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	639,250	264,130	375,115	11,125	4,625	6,500
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	717,295	293,165	424,130	15,070	6,390	8,680
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	319,285	169,830	149,460	5,970	3,260	2,710
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	29,655	13,530	16,120	380	170	210
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	5,862,855	2,849,995	3,012,860	375,605	183,810	191,795
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	46,320	21,815	24,505	8,965	4,265	4,705
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	43,735	20,505	23,230	8,560	4,085	4,475
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	27,800	12,935	14,875	5,065	2,425	2,640
Métis	15,240	7,245	7,995	3,345	1,595	1,745
Inuk (Inuit)	690	320	365	155	65	85
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	1,130	530	595	185	80	105
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	1,455	780	670	220	100	120
Non-Aboriginal identity	5,816,540	2,828,180	2,988,360	366,635	179,545	187,090
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	375,600	183,810	191,795
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	14,865	6,865	8,005	2,395	1,200	1,200
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	5,847,985	2,843,125	3,004,860	373,210	182,610	190,600
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	375,605	183,810	191,790
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	7,435	3,410	4,020	1,255	590	670
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	7,255	3,325	3,930	1,225	580	645
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	5,765	2,610	3,155	810	380	425
Métis single ancestry	1,375	665	715	405	200	205
Inuit single ancestry	120	55	65	10	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	175	85	90	30	10	25
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	125	65	60	25	0	20
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	25	10	10	10	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	15	0	15	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	20	15	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	66,540	31,435	35,105	13,435	6,230	7,200
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	64,835	30,640	34,190	13,025	6,005	7,020
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	49,115	23,300	25,815	9,765	4,525	5,240
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	14,790	6,905	7,890	3,065	1,385	1,685
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	930	435	490	195	95	95
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	1,710	795	910	405	225	180
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,445	655	785	405	220	185
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	170	80	85	10	10	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	90	50	45	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	5,788,885	2,815,145	2,973,735	360,915	176,990	183,920
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	375,605	183,810	191,795
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	3,011,905	1,449,235	1,562,675	64,560	32,000	32,555
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	973,225	490,875	482,350	15,930	8,245	7,685
Chinese	631,050	300,215	330,830	5,870	2,795	3,080
Black	442,020	204,665	237,350	21,290	10,300	10,990
Filipino	254,475	108,655	145,825	5,240	2,380	2,865
Latin American	132,945	63,735	69,210	3,170	1,655	1,520
Arab	105,610	54,840	50,770	2,210	1,205	1,000
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	83,535	39,210	44,335	1,240	580	660
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	123,760	61,875	61,885	2,010	1,010	995
Korean	69,670	33,180	36,485	605	335	270
Japanese	20,655	8,970	11,685	805	405	400
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	77,780	36,315	41,465	2,770	1,315	1,455
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	97,190	46,700	50,490	3,410	1,770	1,640
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	2,850,950	1,400,760	1,450,190	311,045	151,805	159,240
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	5,862,855	2,849,995	3,012,865	375,600	183,810	191,795
North American Aboriginal origins	73,975	34,840	39,130	14,690	6,815	7,870
First Nations (North American Indian)	56,655	26,735	29,915	11,015	5,140	5,875
Inuit	1,360	645	710	215	100	115
Métis	17,860	8,350	9,505	3,900	1,810	2,090
Other North American origins	786,975	390,020	396,955	123,925	60,965	62,960
Acadian	4,215	2,085	2,125	550	270	280
American	49,455	23,985	25,470	4,400	2,110	2,285
Canadian	746,965	370,515	376,445	120,305	59,260	61,045
New Brunswicker	85	55	35	15	10	0
Newfoundlander	3,280	1,675	1,605	700	335	355
Nova Scotian	645	295	355	55	45	10
Ontarian	645	370	275	70	30	40
Québécois	1,570	780	785	165	105	55
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	245	130	115	30	10	15
European origins	2,760,845	1,345,375	1,415,470	269,780	130,930	138,855
British Isles origins	1,287,260	629,030	658,230	197,435	94,805	102,625
Channel Islander	445	235	210	10	0	10
Cornish	205	105	95	0	0	0
English	732,555	358,040	374,515	115,285	54,995	60,290
Irish	544,380	260,305	284,070	83,360	38,920	44,440
Manx	815	475	345	90	25	65
Scottish	543,760	263,155	280,605	84,405	40,410	43,995
Welsh	56,210	26,940	29,275	8,485	3,935	4,550
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	107,900	51,560	56,340	13,045	6,000	7,045
French origins	248,150	117,595	130,555	37,485	17,670	19,815
Alsatian	355	140	215	10	0	10
Breton	60	35	20	0	0	0
Corsican	60	30	30	0	0	0
French	247,790	117,430	130,360	37,475	17,665	19,805
Western European origins (except French origins)	396,070	192,485	203,585	52,170	25,115	27,055
Austrian	30,375	14,775	15,600	2,450	1,260	1,195
Bavarian	155	65	85	10	0	10
Belgian	9,770	4,540	5,230	1,190	570	615
Dutch	98,890	47,530	51,360	18,425	8,880	9,545
Flemish	910	430	475	90	55	35
Frisian	400	230	165	45	10	30
German	271,815	132,610	139,205	32,865	15,680	17,190
Luxembourger	305	145	155	15	0	15
Swiss	14,705	7,290	7,415	1,320	695	625
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	530	260	275	35	20	20
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	69,205	33,340	35,865	7,785	3,685	4,100
Danish	15,455	7,630	7,825	1,880	890	985
Finnish	16,385	7,650	8,735	1,690	790	905
Icelandic	3,985	2,005	1,985	520	235	285
Norwegian	16,390	8,040	8,345	1,700	810	885
Swedish	18,590	8,565	10,020	2,060	980	1,080
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	3,515	1,665	1,845	405	195	210
Eastern European origins	596,425	284,470	311,955	37,910	18,255	19,655
Bulgarian	11,220	5,545	5,675	300	160	140
Byelorussian	8,240	4,040	4,205	210	135	80
Czech	16,630	8,030	8,600	1,040	535	505
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	4,755	2,275	2,480	420	195	225
Estonian	7,655	3,580	4,075	435	270	165
Hungarian	59,720	29,025	30,690	4,545	2,235	2,310
Latvian	9,660	4,505	5,155	440	235	210
Lithuanian	19,520	9,380	10,140	645	280	365
Moldovan	3,020	1,545	1,475	25	15	10
Polish	237,245	113,300	123,940	15,115	7,215	7,900
Romanian	50,515	24,070	26,445	1,900	920	980
Russian	139,910	65,150	74,760	3,615	1,660	1,955
Slovak	14,580	7,040	7,540	1,110	575	540
Ukrainian	144,330	69,230	75,105	13,705	6,575	7,125
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	7,290	3,405	3,885	85	50	30
Southern European origins	988,415	488,295	500,120	45,785	23,155	22,630
Albanian	17,685	8,940	8,745	200	100	95
Bosnian	6,485	3,150	3,335	180	110	70
Catalan	160	105	60	0	0	0
Croatian	37,460	18,715	18,745	1,580	820	760
Cypriot	2,620	1,295	1,325	95	25	70
Greek	99,145	49,730	49,410	4,690	2,355	2,335
Italian	484,365	241,940	242,420	22,870	11,765	11,100
Kosovar	485	255	225	20	0	20
Macedonian	28,315	14,150	14,165	2,105	1,095	1,005
Maltese	19,440	9,580	9,860	2,255	1,025	1,230
Montenegrin	1,465	700	770	30	15	15
Portuguese	210,425	102,945	107,480	7,830	3,890	3,940
Serbian	33,055	16,630	16,425	950	500	450
Sicilian	1,575	790	780	225	105	115
Slovenian	13,135	6,605	6,530	745	390	350
Spanish	106,690	49,790	56,895	5,050	2,415	2,640
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	6,775	3,280	3,495	645	350	295
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	510	210	300	10	0	0
Other European origins	72,270	36,185	36,085	1,875	995	880
Basque	815	400	415	50	20	25
Jewish	59,195	29,745	29,450	845	460	390
Roma (Gypsy)	1,220	575	645	15	10	10
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	980	525	455	85	40	45
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	10,520	5,160	5,360	895	475	415
Caribbean origins	346,530	157,300	189,230	20,225	9,645	10,580
Antiguan	2,430	1,075	1,355	165	85	80
Bahamian	1,255	635	615	115	60	55
Barbadian	18,395	8,370	10,030	1,595	765	835
Bermudan	1,000	470	540	40	20	25
Carib	1,795	640	1,150	180	50	130
Cuban	9,290	4,200	5,090	340	175	170
Dominican	6,365	3,035	3,335	280	125	160
Grenadian	12,380	5,330	7,050	605	260	340
Guadeloupean	40	10	30	0	0	0
Haitian	5,150	2,425	2,715	285	125	150
Jamaican	200,330	91,035	109,295	11,850	5,715	6,140
Kittitian/Nevisian	1,855	875	985	80	35	45
Martinican	160	50	105	0	0	0
Montserratan	440	210	230	25	10	15
Puerto Rican	750	400	360	50	35	15
St. Lucian	5,405	2,355	3,045	295	145	145
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	44,300	20,370	23,925	3,415	1,640	1,770
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10,290	4,345	5,950	630	285	345
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	46,300	20,555	25,740	2,530	1,095	1,440
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	13,305	5,940	7,365	555	270	285
Latin, Central and South American origins	213,985	100,945	113,030	8,315	4,040	4,275
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	7,115	3,305	3,810	295	150	145
Arawak	710	315	395	75	25	50
Argentinian	8,415	4,075	4,335	150	85	60
Belizean	355	170	185	40	15	20
Bolivian	1,325	660	665	60	30	30
Brazilian	13,065	6,295	6,780	390	140	250
Chilean	10,435	5,010	5,425	335	155	180
Colombian	24,875	11,890	12,985	560	305	255
Costa Rican	1,770	905	865	65	40	25
Ecuadorian	17,930	8,495	9,440	340	140	195
Guatemalan	5,915	2,850	3,065	260	155	105
Guyanese	57,985	26,585	31,405	3,535	1,680	1,860
Hispanic	3,655	1,780	1,875	90	40	50
Honduran	1,750	810	940	50	25	20
Maya	1,135	555	575	55	30	25
Mexican	19,785	9,185	10,600	920	495	420
Nicaraguan	3,655	1,765	1,890	80	40	45
Panamanian	1,805	775	1,030	115	50	65
Paraguayan	305	140	160	15	0	10
Peruvian	10,665	4,935	5,725	310	170	140
Salvadorean	15,130	7,480	7,650	325	170	165
Uruguayan	3,450	1,770	1,680	45	35	15
Venezuelan	8,260	3,780	4,480	365	195	170
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	9,255	4,505	4,745	270	110	160
African origins	266,640	130,030	136,610	8,560	4,315	4,250
Central and West African origins	58,830	29,030	29,800	1,785	935	845
Akan	700	395	305	15	15	0
Angolan	1,030	490	535	55	45	10
Ashanti	1,070	545	525	15	10	10
Beninese	370	190	180	0	0	0
Burkinabe	100	45	55	0	0	0
Cameroonian	2,535	1,250	1,285	160	75	85
Chadian	185	95	90	0	0	0
Congolese	3,985	1,895	2,085	295	175	115
Edo	935	490	445	10	0	0
Ewe	160	90	70	10	0	10
Gabonese	45	10	35	0	0	0
Gambian	545	255	295	0	0	0
Ghanaian	20,465	9,735	10,730	375	190	190
Guinean	680	335	340	45	35	15
Ibo	1,495	775	720	40	35	0
Ivorian	615	285	330	65	20	45
Liberian	335	140	200	0	0	0
Malian	260	140	125	15	0	0
Malinké	220	105	120	0	0	0
Nigerian	19,330	9,790	9,545	575	280	300
Peulh	60	40	20	0	0	0
Senegalese	535	280	255	10	0	0
Sierra Leonean	815	400	415	50	30	25
Togolese	315	205	105	0	0	0
Wolof	45	25	25	0	0	0
Yoruba	2,925	1,545	1,375	145	65	85
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	2,895	1,415	1,480	110	60	50
North African origins	53,740	27,655	26,090	1,060	555	510
Algerian	1,700	835	870	40	20	20
Berber	680	365	315	0	0	0
Coptic	1,815	935	885	30	10	20
Dinka	35	25	10	0	0	0
Egyptian	36,340	18,715	17,625	665	320	340
Libyan	1,275	685	600	100	55	40
Maure	235	130	105	0	0	0
Moroccan	8,595	4,440	4,160	130	90	35
Sudanese	3,735	1,825	1,915	35	20	15
Tunisian	1,085	580	505	20	15	10
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	840	450	390	65	25	40
Southern and East African origins	80,285	38,330	41,955	1,750	885	860
Afrikaner	340	175	170	0	0	0
Amhara	500	240	260	10	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	305	170	135	35	20	10
Burundian	710	385	325	80	40	40
Djiboutian	205	95	115	10	0	10
Eritrean	7,625	3,685	3,940	50	15	30
Ethiopian	15,990	7,670	8,325	170	85	90
Harari	460	250	210	0	0	0
Kenyan	3,960	1,830	2,130	130	60	70
Malagasy	180	75	100	0	0	0
Mauritian	2,820	1,465	1,355	50	10	40
Oromo	830	370	460	10	0	10
Rwandan	1,105	490	620	50	25	20
Seychellois	165	65	95	25	10	20
Somali	25,550	11,820	13,740	105	55	55
South African	11,950	6,010	5,940	620	340	280
Tanzanian	1,850	925	920	70	50	15
Tigrian	410	210	200	0	0	0
Ugandan	2,010	980	1,030	45	25	20
Zambian	385	195	190	45	25	20
Zimbabwean	1,760	815	945	140	65	70
Zulu	205	100	110	20	15	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	5,470	2,415	3,055	195	80	115
Other African origins	77,575	36,805	40,775	4,145	2,030	2,120
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	10,975	4,750	6,220	700	350	350
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	67,415	32,440	34,975	3,535	1,725	1,815
Asian origins	2,437,365	1,181,245	1,256,120	40,775	20,265	20,510
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	330,340	167,015	163,330	6,730	3,470	3,260
Afghan	41,735	20,950	20,780	1,745	870	875
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	23,205	12,005	11,195	670	355	315
Armenian	21,710	10,545	11,165	440	215	225
Assyrian	7,705	3,955	3,745	10	0	10
Azerbaijani	3,340	1,620	1,720	20	10	10
Georgian	2,390	1,220	1,165	10	10	0
Hazara	515	280	235	0	0	0
Iranian	97,110	48,770	48,345	815	430	385
Iraqi	29,045	14,570	14,480	215	125	90
Israeli	14,490	7,510	6,975	190	110	80
Jordanian	5,325	2,865	2,460	145	90	55
Kazakh	975	445	530	10	10	0
Kurd	4,355	2,330	2,025	40	25	15
Kuwaiti	375	215	160	10	0	0
Kyrgyz	245	85	160	20	10	10
Lebanese	29,750	15,125	14,625	1,170	535	635
Palestinian	15,555	8,380	7,170	505	290	210
Pashtun	2,145	1,180	965	20	15	10
Saudi Arabian	1,655	865	785	150	90	60
Syrian	16,150	7,855	8,300	345	185	160
Tajik	1,425	670	755	35	15	15
Tatar	1,785	760	1,025	25	10	20
Turk	23,085	11,685	11,405	475	265	215
Turkmen	405	205	200	0	0	0
Uighur	545	255	290	0	0	0
Uzbek	1,745	870	880	70	30	35
Yemeni	2,530	1,205	1,325	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	10,180	5,245	4,930	140	90	50
South Asian origins	995,125	499,465	495,660	18,310	9,395	8,915
Bangladeshi	23,400	11,960	11,435	325	165	165
Bengali	12,515	6,390	6,125	125	70	50
Bhutanese	150	80	65	0	0	0
East Indian	643,370	322,810	320,555	12,125	6,240	5,880
Goan	4,040	1,880	2,160	65	25	40
Gujarati	4,980	2,575	2,400	65	35	30
Kashmiri	1,345	690	650	65	45	20
Nepali	5,395	2,645	2,745	25	15	15
Pakistani	122,950	62,455	60,490	2,795	1,425	1,370
Punjabi	47,760	24,560	23,205	330	180	150
Sinhalese	4,030	1,970	2,055	70	25	45
Sri Lankan	114,400	55,790	58,615	2,215	1,125	1,090
Tamil	40,115	20,345	19,775	590	330	260
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	49,895	25,275	24,620	1,105	535	570
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,134,050	525,470	608,580	16,785	7,900	8,885
Burmese	2,165	970	1,195	80	30	55
Cambodian (Khmer)	6,430	2,970	3,460	125	80	45
Chinese	700,705	332,650	368,055	8,585	4,090	4,500
Filipino	274,670	118,265	156,405	5,865	2,655	3,210
Hmong	55	25	30	0	0	0
Indonesian	6,120	2,825	3,290	265	135	125
Japanese	28,045	12,350	15,695	1,060	515	545
Karen	265	115	145	0	0	0
Korean	73,385	34,950	38,445	655	345	315
Laotian	4,205	2,080	2,125	120	65	50
Malaysian	5,625	2,660	2,960	190	110	80
Mongolian	1,940	885	1,060	60	35	30
Singaporean	1,070	480	590	10	10	10
Taiwanese	7,975	3,625	4,350	65	20	45
Thai	3,390	1,275	2,115	175	105	75
Tibetan	6,015	3,015	3,000	35	15	20
Vietnamese	73,740	34,880	38,865	710	315	395
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	3,400	1,675	1,725	40	20	15
Other Asian origins	10,705	5,285	5,420	135	70	70
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	10,710	5,285	5,420	140	70	70
Oceania origins	9,705	4,915	4,785	685	365	320
Australian	5,925	3,095	2,830	470	250	225
New Zealander	1,945	1,030	915	145	75	70
Pacific Islands origins	2,045	935	1,110	95	55	35
Fijian	1,185	495	690	55	35	15
Hawaiian	225	115	115	25	15	10
Maori	200	105	90	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	115	45	70	0	0	0
Samoan	90	45	50	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	340	160	180	15	10	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	2,135,910	...	...	138,960	...	...
Owner	1,420,360	...	...	108,085	...	...
Renter	715,540	...	...	30,875	...	...
Band housing	10	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	2,135,910	...	...	138,965	...	...
Condominium	445,650	...	...	8,525	...	...
Not condominium	1,690,260	...	...	130,440	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	2,135,910	...	...	138,965	...	...
No bedrooms	24,165	...	...	350	...	...
1 bedroom	384,275	...	...	9,845	...	...
2 bedrooms	452,930	...	...	21,470	...	...
3 bedrooms	627,365	...	...	59,780	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	647,170	...	...	47,520	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	2,135,905	...	...	138,960	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	751,950	...	...	21,340	...	...
5 rooms	290,215	...	...	18,270	...	...
6 rooms	278,975	...	...	23,715	...	...
7 rooms	249,710	...	...	23,225	...	...
8 or more rooms	565,055	...	...	52,415	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.9	...	...	6.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	2,135,910	...	...	138,960	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,042,675	...	...	137,735	...	...
More than 1 person per room	93,235	...	...	1,230	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	2,135,905	...	...	138,965	...	...
Suitable	1,930,485	...	...	133,785	...	...
Not suitable	205,420	...	...	5,175	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	2,135,910	...	...	138,960	...	...
1960 or before	437,615	...	...	24,810	...	...
1961 to 1980	566,970	...	...	35,435	...	...
1981 to 1990	300,455	...	...	21,895	...	...
1991 to 2000	268,320	...	...	20,695	...	...
2001 to 2005	198,705	...	...	14,995	...	...
2006 to 2010	185,715	...	...	12,070	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	178,125	...	...	9,070	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	2,135,910	...	...	138,960	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	2,019,695	...	...	131,710	...	...
Major repairs needed	116,215	...	...	7,250	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	2,135,910	...	...	138,960	...	...
1 household maintainer	1,205,800	...	...	75,245	...	...
2 household maintainers	841,650	...	...	60,285	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	88,460	...	...	3,430	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	2,135,905	...	...	138,965	...	...
15 to 24 years	48,555	...	...	2,000	...	...
25 to 34 years	296,125	...	...	17,195	...	...
35 to 44 years	406,810	...	...	26,225	...	...
45 to 54 years	497,290	...	...	32,930	...	...
55 to 64 years	414,985	...	...	27,920	...	...
65 to 74 years	264,505	...	...	18,615	...	...
75 to 84 years	149,385	...	...	10,325	...	...
85 years and over	58,260	...	...	3,750	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	2,130,850	...	...	138,550	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,418,495	...	...	104,210	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	712,350	...	...	34,335	...	...
30% to less than 100%	589,435	...	...	31,000	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,418,695	...	...	107,775	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	63.2	...	...	68.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	26.7	...	...	18.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,655	...	...	1,531	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,755	...	...	1,552	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	647,648	...	...	423,962	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	734,924	...	...	461,757	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	715,420	...	...	30,855	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	14.6	...	...	15.3	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	46.9	...	...	48.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,207	...	...	1,051	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,264	...	...	1,109	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,900	306,460	148,375	158,080
No certificate, diploma or degree	794,735	377,800	416,930	52,645	27,010	25,635
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	1,262,345	621,135	641,215	92,715	45,755	46,960
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,822,010	1,346,255	1,475,755	161,100	75,605	85,495
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	216,485	144,375	72,110	20,785	15,270	5,520
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	116,425	69,165	47,260	9,335	5,765	3,570
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	100,065	75,215	24,850	11,450	9,505	1,950
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	844,670	369,815	474,855	80,435	34,395	46,040
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	134,705	60,270	74,435	5,180	2,220	2,965
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,626,155	771,800	854,355	54,700	23,730	30,970
Bachelor's degree	1,075,760	494,850	580,905	40,195	17,040	23,155
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	107,255	49,015	58,245	3,835	1,455	2,380
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	44,785	22,370	22,420	1,000	520	480
Master's degree	350,785	176,595	174,185	8,745	4,160	4,585
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	47,570	28,965	18,600	925	545	375
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	3,288,690	1,578,640	1,710,055	204,655	99,255	105,405
No certificate, diploma or degree	316,395	160,105	156,295	19,550	11,435	8,105
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	718,855	360,435	358,420	57,090	29,285	27,805
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,253,435	1,058,095	1,195,340	128,025	58,525	69,495
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	147,990	97,935	50,050	14,555	10,720	3,830
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	79,985	47,200	32,785	6,560	4,090	2,465
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	68,005	50,740	17,270	7,995	6,630	1,360
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	660,375	288,290	372,080	64,715	27,505	37,215
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	101,090	44,915	56,180	3,805	1,585	2,215
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,343,990	626,960	717,030	44,950	18,715	26,230
Bachelor's degree	876,470	399,455	477,015	32,730	13,415	19,315
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	87,155	38,320	48,835	3,190	1,115	2,075
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	36,605	17,060	19,545	815	390	420
Master's degree	306,310	150,595	155,715	7,505	3,405	4,100
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	37,445	21,525	15,920	715	390	325
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,900	306,460	148,375	158,085
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	2,057,085	998,935	1,058,145	145,355	72,770	72,590
Education	143,825	29,335	114,490	9,680	2,260	7,420
13. Education	143,825	29,335	114,490	9,680	2,260	7,420
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	138,915	62,540	76,375	6,330	3,055	3,275
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	18,065	13,420	4,645	1,435	1,075	355
50. Visual and performing arts	120,850	49,120	71,735	4,900	1,980	2,920
Humanities	190,960	67,430	123,535	7,210	2,675	4,535
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	22,465	4,895	17,570	500	110	390
23. English language and literature/letters	53,980	15,275	38,705	2,010	520	1,485
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	57,545	19,230	38,315	1,815	575	1,235
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	925	420	505	45	20	25
38. Philosophy and religious studies	12,380	6,900	5,485	410	245	160
39. Theology and religious vocations	10,235	6,460	3,765	750	450	305
54. History	26,685	13,230	13,455	1,350	720	630
55. French language and literature/letters	6,750	1,015	5,735	340	30	305
Social and behavioural sciences and law	404,445	141,120	263,325	21,355	5,815	15,540
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	5,520	1,040	4,480	215	25	190
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	44,435	17,305	27,130	2,530	980	1,550
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	57,210	5,340	51,870	4,255	290	3,965
22. Legal professions and studies	69,375	26,940	42,430	4,330	805	3,525
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	6,765	1,550	5,220	410	55	355
42. Psychology	56,380	13,470	42,905	3,200	620	2,575
45. Social sciences	164,760	75,470	89,290	6,410	3,035	3,370
Business, management and public administration	683,170	305,955	377,210	33,035	12,460	20,580
30.16 Accounting and computer science	1,380	525	855	70	25	50
44. Public administration and social service professions	41,330	8,545	32,785	3,200	445	2,760
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	640,460	296,885	343,575	29,765	11,990	17,775
Physical and life sciences and technologies	135,195	63,275	71,920	4,795	2,395	2,395
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	56,780	22,320	34,460	2,005	865	1,140
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	33,525	14,700	18,820	1,215	545	670
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	2,425	770	1,655	70	15	55
40. Physical sciences	37,715	23,855	13,860	1,240	845	390
41. Science technologies/technicians	4,745	1,620	3,125	265	115	150
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	167,300	108,360	58,945	6,030	3,900	2,125
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	129,355	88,860	40,490	4,915	3,370	1,550
25. Library science	5,930	975	4,950	265	40	225
27. Mathematics and statistics	29,330	16,665	12,665	755	420	335
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	2,690	1,845	840	90	70	20
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	483,705	417,195	66,510	33,910	31,505	2,400
04. Architecture and related services	30,785	19,780	11,000	950	730	220
14. Engineering	209,840	167,090	42,755	5,315	4,525	790
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	82,390	74,000	8,390	8,275	7,450	825
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	105	25	75	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	62,875	61,525	1,345	7,605	7,420	180
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	64,895	63,235	1,660	7,785	7,575	210
48. Precision production	32,825	31,545	1,280	3,980	3,800	180
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	31,395	16,880	14,510	2,150	1,320	825
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	18,615	10,510	8,105	1,225	725	505
03. Natural resources and conservation	12,775	6,370	6,410	925	600	325
Health and related fields	329,520	79,140	250,380	24,775	4,125	20,650
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	27,935	14,250	13,685	2,700	1,420	1,280
51. Health professions and related programs	289,225	58,445	230,780	21,860	2,570	19,290
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	12,370	6,450	5,920	220	130	85
Personal, protective and transportation services	113,240	54,930	58,315	11,820	6,105	5,715
12. Personal and culinary services	69,505	21,485	48,025	5,445	1,365	4,085
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	400	355	45	10	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	545	510	30	30	30	0
43. Security and protective services	27,635	19,200	8,440	4,810	3,285	1,520
49. Transportation and materials moving	15,155	13,380	1,775	1,525	1,425	105
Other	335	95	235	25	0	25
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	335	100	235	25	0	25
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	3,288,690	1,578,640	1,710,050	204,660	99,250	105,405
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	1,035,250	520,540	514,710	76,635	40,720	35,915
Education	105,195	20,910	84,285	7,400	1,675	5,735
13. Education	105,195	20,910	84,285	7,405	1,670	5,735
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	111,390	50,080	61,305	4,930	2,335	2,595
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	13,840	10,300	3,535	1,010	755	255
50. Visual and performing arts	97,550	39,775	57,770	3,925	1,585	2,340
Humanities	148,140	50,890	97,255	5,535	1,950	3,585
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	17,660	3,540	14,120	370	65	310
23. English language and literature/letters	41,970	11,575	30,395	1,560	385	1,175
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	45,505	14,730	30,775	1,375	440	940
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	740	345	390	30	15	15
38. Philosophy and religious studies	9,615	5,405	4,205	285	155	130
39. Theology and religious vocations	7,505	4,705	2,800	545	325	220
54. History	20,195	9,940	10,250	1,080	550	525
55. French language and literature/letters	4,965	635	4,325	285	20	265
Social and behavioural sciences and law	328,240	111,705	216,530	17,785	4,590	13,195
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	4,530	880	3,645	170	25	140
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	36,715	14,295	22,425	2,125	830	1,295
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	44,120	3,755	40,370	3,460	190	3,270
22. Legal professions and studies	58,950	20,950	38,000	3,855	625	3,230
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	5,295	1,275	4,020	335	45	295
42. Psychology	44,300	10,030	34,270	2,560	430	2,130
45. Social sciences	134,325	60,520	73,810	5,280	2,435	2,840
Business, management and public administration	564,595	248,210	316,390	27,185	10,090	17,090
30.16 Accounting and computer science	1,160	430	735	55	25	35
44. Public administration and social service professions	33,415	6,830	26,585	2,670	375	2,290
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	530,015	240,955	289,060	24,455	9,685	14,765
Physical and life sciences and technologies	103,055	46,585	56,475	3,750	1,745	2,005
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	43,415	16,535	26,875	1,565	645	920
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25,865	11,000	14,865	965	395	570
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	1,995	655	1,335	60	10	50
40. Physical sciences	28,260	17,290	10,970	950	615	335
41. Science technologies/technicians	3,535	1,110	2,430	210	90	125
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	148,790	96,820	51,970	5,290	3,475	1,815
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	118,355	81,355	37,000	4,415	3,065	1,360
25. Library science	4,220	735	3,485	210	35	175
27. Mathematics and statistics	23,830	13,135	10,700	580	320	260
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	2,380	1,595	790	80	60	20
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	373,050	316,715	56,335	25,630	23,690	1,940
04. Architecture and related services	25,325	15,870	9,455	755	580	170
14. Engineering	171,640	134,400	37,240	4,030	3,360	670
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	61,555	55,085	6,465	6,475	5,840	635
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	95	20	75	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	45,310	44,305	1,000	5,700	5,550	145
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	47,060	45,880	1,170	5,830	5,650	180
48. Precision production	22,075	21,155	915	2,845	2,710	140
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	24,915	12,845	12,070	1,725	995	735
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	14,535	7,740	6,800	935	505	430
03. Natural resources and conservation	10,375	5,105	5,270	795	490	305
Health and related fields	260,215	62,080	198,135	19,630	3,240	16,390
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	21,080	10,715	10,365	2,180	1,110	1,070
51. Health professions and related programs	229,345	46,565	182,780	17,295	2,040	15,255
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	9,790	4,795	4,990	165	90	75
Personal, protective and transportation services	85,575	41,185	44,390	9,150	4,750	4,400
12. Personal and culinary services	52,095	15,715	36,385	4,060	945	3,115
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	285	245	40	10	0	10
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	255	240	15	20	20	0
43. Security and protective services	20,920	14,315	6,605	3,870	2,660	1,210
49. Transportation and materials moving	12,015	10,670	1,345	1,190	1,125	70
Other	285	80	205	15	0	15
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	285	75	210	10	0	15
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,905	306,460	148,375	158,080
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,057,080	998,935	1,058,145	145,355	72,765	72,590
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	2,822,010	1,346,255	1,475,760	161,100	75,610	85,495
Location of study inside Canada	1,913,405	904,105	1,009,300	141,205	65,535	75,670
Same as province or territory of residence	1,765,910	831,915	934,000	133,145	61,540	71,605
Different than province or territory of residence	147,495	72,195	75,305	8,065	3,995	4,070
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	908,605	442,150	466,460	19,895	10,075	9,820
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	83,885	46,165	37,725	3,530	1,835	1,695
Philippines	96,085	33,600	62,485	1,475	530	940
India	142,155	71,730	70,420	1,510	730	780
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	59,990	33,500	26,490	3,485	2,095	1,395
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	78,940	37,355	41,580	860	395	465
France	6,680	3,625	3,055	110	70	40
Other	440,875	216,165	224,710	8,930	4,425	4,505
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	3,288,690	1,578,635	1,710,055	204,655	99,250	105,405
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,035,250	520,540	514,715	76,635	40,725	35,910
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	2,253,435	1,058,100	1,195,340	128,020	58,530	69,495
Location of study inside Canada	1,525,890	713,690	812,200	113,615	51,655	61,960
Same as province or territory of residence	1,408,565	656,055	752,510	107,375	48,605	58,775
Different than province or territory of residence	117,325	57,635	59,690	6,235	3,050	3,195
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	727,550	344,405	383,140	14,405	6,875	7,530
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	66,805	35,720	31,085	2,860	1,430	1,425
Philippines	81,210	27,965	53,245	1,125	385	745
India	122,145	59,885	62,265	1,260	590	670
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	37,190	20,385	16,805	1,545	890	650
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	66,635	31,040	35,595	740	325	410
France	5,615	3,030	2,590	100	70	30
Other	347,945	166,390	181,555	6,780	3,180	3,595
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,900	306,455	148,375	158,080
In the labour force	3,234,350	1,670,030	1,564,315	203,165	104,150	99,015
Employed	2,984,990	1,546,745	1,438,250	186,205	95,000	91,200
Unemployed	249,360	123,290	126,070	16,960	9,150	7,810
Not in the labour force	1,644,740	675,160	969,585	103,290	44,220	59,070
Participation rate	66.3	71.2	61.7	66.3	70.2	62.6
Employment rate	61.2	66.0	56.8	60.8	64.0	57.7
Unemployment rate	7.7	7.4	8.1	8.3	8.8	7.9
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,905	306,455	148,375	158,085
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	1,592,740	654,475	938,270	98,805	41,900	56,905
Worked	3,286,350	1,690,715	1,595,635	207,655	106,475	101,180
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	1,694,705	941,950	752,765	112,715	63,345	49,370
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	1,591,645	748,775	842,875	94,940	43,130	51,805
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.6	43.3	41.9	43.4	44.0	42.8
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	3,234,350	1,670,035	1,564,320	203,170	104,155	99,015
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,210	41,705	48,505	5,195	2,455	2,740
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,325	1,515,815	197,975	101,700	96,275
Employee	2,744,970	1,368,035	1,376,935	179,550	90,200	89,345
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	399,170	260,290	138,885	18,425	11,490	6,935
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	3,234,355	1,670,030	1,564,320	203,165	104,150	99,015
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,215	41,710	48,505	5,190	2,455	2,740
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,325	1,515,815	197,975	101,700	96,275
0 Management occupations	376,890	228,640	148,255	21,685	13,120	8,565
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	576,955	203,575	373,375	31,135	8,535	22,605
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	269,965	206,395	63,570	11,780	9,295	2,480
3 Health occupations	173,475	41,565	131,915	12,385	1,885	10,500
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	357,990	109,080	248,905	24,685	7,640	17,045
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	127,395	62,535	64,855	5,340	2,345	2,990
6 Sales and service occupations	735,270	338,725	396,550	47,705	20,310	27,395
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	351,740	327,065	24,675	30,625	28,670	1,955
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	24,245	19,360	4,885	2,600	2,185	420
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	150,215	91,390	58,825	10,030	7,710	2,320
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	3,234,350	1,670,035	1,564,315	203,165	104,150	99,015
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,210	41,710	48,505	5,195	2,455	2,735
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,320	1,515,815	197,975	101,695	96,280
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	9,410	5,515	3,890	1,365	885	480
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	4,500	3,110	1,395	355	255	100
22 Utilities	15,860	10,905	4,955	5,300	3,965	1,340
23 Construction	191,430	166,670	24,750	15,990	14,200	1,790
31-33 Manufacturing	285,825	188,490	97,335	17,805	13,235	4,565
41 Wholesale trade	143,725	88,880	54,845	7,360	5,065	2,300
44-45 Retail trade	338,675	161,855	176,820	23,610	11,135	12,475
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	168,165	123,115	45,050	9,490	7,260	2,230
51 Information and cultural industries	106,940	61,970	44,970	5,115	2,825	2,290
52 Finance and insurance	247,475	118,710	128,760	9,945	4,070	5,880
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	82,665	44,590	38,075	3,600	1,765	1,830
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	339,305	191,155	148,150	12,495	6,395	6,105
55 Management of companies and enterprises	8,680	3,615	5,065	375	135	240
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	162,185	89,190	72,995	9,990	5,675	4,315
61 Educational services	229,025	70,820	158,200	16,300	4,615	11,685
62 Health care and social assistance	287,975	58,110	229,865	21,970	3,090	18,880
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	63,745	33,560	30,185	4,245	2,240	2,010
72 Accommodation and food services	204,315	93,560	110,760	12,640	4,890	7,750
81 Other services (except public administration)	134,570	56,235	78,335	7,955	3,705	4,255
91 Public administration	119,675	58,255	61,415	12,075	6,305	5,765
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	2,984,990	1,546,745	1,438,245	186,205	95,005	91,200
Worked at home	218,365	111,020	107,345	11,635	5,530	6,105
Worked outside Canada	19,580	13,225	6,350	375	250	120
No fixed workplace address	346,205	246,815	99,395	22,140	16,340	5,795
Worked at usual place	2,400,845	1,175,685	1,225,160	152,055	72,875	79,175
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	2,400,850	1,175,685	1,225,160	152,050	72,875	79,175
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,353,665	614,770	738,890	47,650	19,450	28,200
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	243,620	119,725	123,890	53,795	25,305	28,495
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	798,155	437,940	360,215	50,200	27,870	22,330
Commute to a different province or territory	5,410	3,250	2,160	405	250	155
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	2,747,050	1,422,500	1,324,550	174,195	89,220	84,980
Car, truck, van - as a driver	1,714,795	982,905	731,890	139,200	73,560	65,635
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	154,360	56,295	98,065	10,775	5,295	5,480
Public transit	667,255	281,110	386,145	16,635	6,980	9,655
Walked	144,135	64,380	79,750	5,455	2,220	3,235
Bicycle	39,320	24,920	14,395	505	385	110
Other method	27,190	12,890	14,300	1,630	780	855
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	2,747,050	1,422,500	1,324,550	174,200	89,220	84,975
Less than 15 minutes	391,400	177,910	213,490	40,725	16,925	23,800
15 to 29 minutes	783,980	398,445	385,535	50,955	24,140	26,815
30 to 44 minutes	726,575	394,790	331,790	27,650	15,275	12,380
45 to 59 minutes	372,095	198,325	173,770	17,770	10,760	7,005
60 minutes and over	473,000	253,030	219,970	37,095	22,125	14,975
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	2,747,055	1,422,500	1,324,555	174,195	89,215	84,980
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	158,945	113,980	44,970	18,385	13,485	4,900
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	416,640	250,560	166,080	34,935	20,445	14,490
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	699,920	339,560	360,360	41,585	19,450	22,125
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	649,740	299,940	349,800	30,320	11,300	19,020
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	404,420	192,285	212,135	17,345	7,180	10,160
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	417,380	226,175	191,205	31,630	17,350	14,280
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	3,404,195	1,747,775	1,656,415	213,995	109,545	104,450
Single responses	3,323,390	1,708,945	1,614,450	212,500	108,925	103,570
Official languages	3,230,665	1,659,815	1,570,850	211,760	108,500	103,265
English	3,218,730	1,656,605	1,562,120	210,695	108,245	102,450
French	11,940	3,210	8,725	1,065	245	815
Non-official languages	92,725	49,125	43,600	735	430	310
Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	92,715	49,125	43,590	735	430	310
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,865	1,065	805	15	10	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	100	45	60	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	15	10	0	0	0	0
Somali	85	30	55	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,755	1,020	735	10	10	10
Amharic	55	20	35	0	0	0
Arabic	1,165	760	405	10	10	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	110	75	30	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	360	115	245	0	0	0
Maltese	25	15	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	45	25	20	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,780	740	1,045	15	0	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	45	30	25	0	0	0
Vietnamese	1,735	715	1,025	15	10	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,105	415	690	10	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	10	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	35	15	20	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	40	15	20	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	990	370	615	10	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	20	15	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	1,910	905	1,000	30	20	10
Kannada	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	55	30	30	10	10	10
Tamil	1,815	870	945	25	20	10
Telugu	35	0	25	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	27,005	14,870	12,135	370	250	120
Albanian	210	125	85	0	0	0
Armenian	140	65	70	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5,315	2,575	2,745	55	20	35
Baltic languages	55	20	30	0	0	0
Latvian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	45	15	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5,260	2,550	2,710	60	20	40
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	45	30	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	115	75	40	0	0	0
Croatian	95	55	35	0	0	0
Czech	15	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	80	35	40	0	0	0
Polish	1,490	800	690	30	10	20
Russian	2,515	1,095	1,415	15	10	10
Serbian	160	110	55	0	10	0
Serbo-Croatian	20	10	0	0	0	0
Slovak	45	30	15	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	680	290	390	10	0	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	10	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	380	145	230	10	10	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	20	0	10	0	0	0
Dutch	60	40	25	10	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	240	70	165	0	0	0
Icelandic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Swedish	20	10	15	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	340	190	155	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10,855	6,035	4,815	75	30	40
Indo-Aryan languages	8,405	4,500	3,905	65	25	40
Bengali	300	145	155	0	0	0
Gujarati	615	210	405	10	0	0
Hindi	740	355	385	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	10	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	10	15	0	0	0
Nepali	60	20	35	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5,635	3,250	2,385	20	0	15
Sindhi	20	10	15	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	20	15	10	10	0	10
Urdu	985	480	505	30	20	10
Iranian languages	2,445	1,535	910	10	10	10
Kurdish	85	75	10	0	0	0
Pashto	10	10	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	2,350	1,460	890	15	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	9,760	5,730	4,030	230	190	40
Catalan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	775	415	355	10	0	0
Portuguese	5,070	3,365	1,705	35	25	10
Romanian	245	105	140	0	0	0
Spanish	3,660	1,840	1,820	190	165	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	775	250	520	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Georgian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Korean	4,265	2,155	2,105	15	10	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	70	35	35	10	10	0
Akan (Twi)	15	0	15	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	20	15	10	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	10	0	10	10	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	350	140	210	10	0	10
American Sign Language	245	80	170	10	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	110	65	45	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	52,745	28,050	24,695	265	140	125
Chinese languages	52,700	28,020	24,675	265	135	125
Cantonese	25,335	13,205	12,130	65	25	40
Hakka	35	10	25	0	0	0
Mandarin	26,135	14,210	11,930	190	110	85
Min Dong	25	15	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	220	145	75	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	30	20	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	910	420	490	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	50	30	20	0	0	0
Burmese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	40	25	15	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	70	30	40	0	0	0
Lao	10	0	10	0	0	0
Thai	65	30	30	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	415	285	130	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turkish	400	270	130	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	10	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	305	140	165	0	0	0
Estonian	50	15	35	0	0	0
Finnish	45	10	35	0	0	0
Hungarian	220	125	95	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple responses	80,805	38,835	41,970	1,500	620	880
English and French	16,405	6,285	10,115	920	350	565
English and non-official language	63,155	31,990	31,165	560	260	295
French and non-official language	85	45	40	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	1,160	510	645	20	10	15
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	3,404,200	1,747,780	1,656,420	214,000	109,545	104,450
None	3,137,830	1,614,155	1,523,680	208,465	107,020	101,445
English	44,560	21,510	23,050	985	265	715
French	47,885	20,415	27,475	2,615	1,180	1,435
Non-official language	169,430	89,575	79,855	1,870	1,055	820
Aboriginal	155	50	105	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	169,270	89,525	79,750	1,865	1,055	815
English and French	85	45	45	0	0	0
English and non-official language	1,225	585	640	25	0	20
French and non-official language	3,160	1,480	1,675	40	20	15
English, French and non-official language	25	20	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	5,802,555	2,819,345	2,983,215	371,715	181,875	189,840
Non-movers	5,070,300	2,459,065	2,611,235	330,675	161,805	168,870
Movers	732,260	360,275	371,980	41,035	20,070	20,965
Non-migrants	433,235	212,190	221,040	18,775	8,995	9,780
Migrants	299,025	148,080	150,940	22,260	11,075	11,185
Internal migrants	194,570	96,145	98,430	20,985	10,415	10,565
Intraprovincial migrants	168,510	83,115	85,395	19,875	9,845	10,030
Interprovincial migrants	26,065	13,030	13,030	1,110	570	535
External migrants	104,455	51,940	52,515	1,280	660	620
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	5,553,650	2,691,730	2,861,915	354,060	172,910	181,150
Non-movers	3,411,530	1,646,850	1,764,680	225,920	110,750	115,170
Movers	2,142,120	1,044,880	1,097,235	128,150	62,165	65,980
Non-migrants	1,174,140	570,770	603,370	58,505	28,145	30,355
Migrants	967,975	474,110	493,860	69,645	34,020	35,625
Internal migrants	577,355	282,680	294,680	64,130	31,205	32,925
Intraprovincial migrants	510,305	250,225	260,080	61,435	29,925	31,515
Interprovincial migrants	67,050	32,450	34,600	2,690	1,285	1,410
External migrants	390,620	191,435	199,185	5,515	2,810	2,705