Census Profile, 2016 Census
Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario and Longueuil, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Toronto Ontario [Census metropolitan area]			Longueuil, V Quebec [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario  Map : Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Longueuil, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	5,928,040	...	...	239,700	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	5,583,064	...	...	231,409	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	6.2	...	...	3.6	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	2,235,145	...	...	110,761	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	2,135,909	...	...	105,533	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,003.8	...	...	2,070.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	5,905.84	...	...	115.75	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	5,928,040	2,876,755	3,051,290	239,700	116,530	123,165
0 to 14 years	985,615	505,690	479,920	37,855	19,380	18,475
0 to 4 years	310,070	158,835	151,235	13,440	6,895	6,545
5 to 9 years	338,320	173,665	164,660	13,040	6,700	6,340
10 to 14 years	337,220	173,190	164,035	11,375	5,785	5,590
15 to 64 years	4,083,850	1,988,910	2,094,935	159,910	79,190	80,715
15 to 19 years	366,525	188,790	177,735	12,295	6,190	6,100
20 to 24 years	411,945	210,445	201,500	15,360	7,650	7,705
25 to 29 years	424,345	209,785	214,560	15,845	7,845	8,000
30 to 34 years	419,845	201,620	218,220	15,785	7,805	7,975
35 to 39 years	406,175	190,620	215,555	16,490	8,330	8,155
40 to 44 years	414,490	195,580	218,910	15,190	7,685	7,505
45 to 49 years	440,145	210,225	229,920	15,165	7,540	7,625
50 to 54 years	460,465	225,115	235,350	18,380	9,050	9,325
55 to 59 years	407,175	198,170	209,005	19,085	9,205	9,875
60 to 64 years	332,740	158,560	174,175	16,320	7,880	8,445
65 years and over	858,580	382,150	476,435	41,940	17,960	23,980
65 to 69 years	280,910	132,275	148,635	14,040	6,250	7,785
70 to 74 years	197,490	91,745	105,745	11,130	5,055	6,075
75 to 79 years	151,925	68,045	83,880	7,305	3,205	4,095
80 to 84 years	113,220	49,005	64,215	5,005	2,080	2,925
85 years and over	115,030	41,080	73,955	4,455	1,365	3,090
85 to 89 years	72,340	28,160	44,175	2,980	1,045	1,930
90 to 94 years	33,400	10,570	22,835	1,135	265	865
95 to 99 years	8,030	2,115	5,915	295	45	250
100 years and over	1,270	230	1,040	45	0	45
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	17.6	15.7	15.8	16.6	15.0
15 to 64 years	68.9	69.1	68.7	66.7	68.0	65.5
65 years and over	14.5	13.3	15.6	17.5	15.4	19.5
85 years and over	1.9	1.4	2.4	1.9	1.2	2.5
Average age of the population	39.7	38.7	40.6	41.6	40.4	42.8
Median age of the population	39.4	38.2	40.4	41.9	40.7	43.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	2,135,910	...	...	105,535	...	...
Single-detached house	846,405	...	...	35,110	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	626,905	...	...	4,270	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	661,955	...	...	65,710	...	...
Semi-detached house	158,815	...	...	5,485	...	...
Row house	195,245	...	...	3,440	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	89,975	...	...	5,835	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	214,365	...	...	50,435	...	...
Other single-attached house	3,555	...	...	510	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	640	...	...	445	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	2,135,910	...	...	105,530	...	...
1 person	519,795	...	...	36,395	...	...
2 persons	598,700	...	...	35,655	...	...
3 persons	373,775	...	...	15,415	...	...
4 persons	377,170	...	...	11,975	...	...
5 or more persons	266,470	...	...	6,100	...	...
Number of persons in private households	5,862,855	...	...	234,955	...	...
Average household size	2.7	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	4,942,430	2,371,060	2,571,365	201,845	97,150	104,695
Married or living common law	2,758,170	1,378,855	1,379,315	107,255	53,680	53,575
Married	2,466,925	1,230,930	1,235,995	66,070	33,060	33,010
Living common law	291,240	147,925	143,320	41,185	20,620	20,565
Not married and not living common law	2,184,260	992,210	1,192,050	94,595	43,475	51,115
Never married	1,537,495	798,270	739,220	63,495	33,690	29,800
Separated	130,030	51,235	78,795	3,280	1,445	1,835
Divorced	271,530	97,385	174,150	16,755	6,005	10,745
Widowed	245,200	45,310	199,890	11,065	2,330	8,735
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	1,625,790	...	...	65,820	...	...
2 persons	682,915	...	...	34,990	...	...
3 persons	397,625	...	...	14,600	...	...
4 persons	391,440	...	...	11,455	...	...
5 or more persons	153,805	...	...	4,775	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	1,625,790	...	...	65,815	...	...
Total couple families	1,333,645	...	...	52,570	...	...
Married couples	1,188,130	...	...	32,000	...	...
Common-law couples	145,515	...	...	20,570	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	292,150	...	...	13,250	...	...
Female parent	241,820	...	...	10,235	...	...
Male parent	50,325	...	...	3,015	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	1,333,645	...	...	52,570	...	...
Couples without children	509,835	...	...	26,540	...	...
Couples with children	823,805	...	...	26,030	...	...
1 child	312,605	...	...	10,915	...	...
2 children	366,295	...	...	10,580	...	...
3 or more children	144,910	...	...	4,530	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	292,145	...	...	13,250	...	...
1 child	173,080	...	...	8,450	...	...
2 children	85,025	...	...	3,680	...	...
3 or more children	34,040	...	...	1,115	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	923,210	415,830	507,380	49,985	24,010	25,975
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	2,135,910	...	...	105,530	...	...
One-census-family households	1,430,535	...	...	63,855	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	434,860	...	...	25,785	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	995,670	...	...	38,065	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	93,790	...	...	970	...	...
Non-census-family households	611,585	...	...	40,715	...	...
One-person households	519,790	...	...	36,395	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	91,795	...	...	4,315	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,885	237,660	115,720	121,945
English only	5,154,905	2,553,030	2,601,880	6,420	3,285	3,130
French only	4,855	2,035	2,815	110,535	49,225	61,315
English and French	464,980	201,080	263,900	118,740	62,425	56,315
Neither English nor French	258,925	102,635	156,290	1,970	785	1,185
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	5,883,665	2,858,785	3,024,885	237,660	115,720	121,940
English	5,503,690	2,700,905	2,802,785	19,865	10,025	9,840
French	72,790	33,545	39,245	206,290	99,915	106,375
English and French	51,895	23,470	28,425	9,615	5,040	4,575
Neither English nor French	255,295	100,870	154,430	1,895	745	1,150
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	98,735	45,280	53,455	24,670	12,545	12,130
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	1.7	1.6	1.8	10.4	10.8	9.9
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,880	237,660	115,720	121,940
Single responses	5,645,915	2,743,825	2,902,090	230,935	112,390	118,545
Official languages	3,127,355	1,550,385	1,576,970	196,605	95,520	101,085
English	3,061,820	1,520,045	1,541,775	13,900	6,955	6,950
French	65,535	30,340	35,195	182,705	88,565	94,135
Non-official languages	2,518,555	1,193,440	1,325,120	34,330	16,875	17,460
Aboriginal languages	575	255	325	25	5	20
Algonquian languages	400	175	230	10	5	5
Blackfoot	5	10	0	0	5	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	115	45	70	10	0	10
Atikamekw	5	0	5	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	0	5	0	5
Moose Cree	10	0	10	0	0	0
Naskapi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	10	0	5	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	30	10	20	0	0	0
Woods Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	55	20	35	5	0	5
Eastern Algonquian languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	25	10	15	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	250	115	140	0	0	0
Algonquin	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	230	105	120	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	5	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dene	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	35	15	20	15	5	10
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	30	10	20	10	0	5
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Iroquoian languages	20	5	10	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	15	10	5	5	0	0
Oneida	5	0	5	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	5	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	5	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	5	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	80	40	40	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,517,980	1,193,185	1,324,795	34,305	16,860	17,445
Afro-Asiatic languages	140,140	69,950	70,195	6,200	3,270	2,930
Berber languages	220	130	90	890	460	430
Kabyle	105	60	50	575	285	290
Berber languages, n.i.e.	115	70	45	315	175	140
Cushitic languages	14,405	6,195	8,205	20	10	15
Bilen	80	45	35	0	0	0
Oromo	1,005	490	515	0	0	0
Somali	13,255	5,625	7,630	20	10	5
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	65	35	30	0	0	0
Semitic languages	125,160	63,435	61,725	5,265	2,785	2,480
Amharic	7,460	3,375	4,085	10	5	5
Arabic	85,175	43,805	41,365	5,235	2,770	2,460
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10,195	4,985	5,215	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	1,845	920	925	0	0	0
Harari	930	435	490	0	0	0
Hebrew	10,390	5,560	4,830	20	10	5
Maltese	3,525	1,730	1,795	0	0	0
Tigrigna	4,725	2,160	2,560	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	925	465	460	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	355	185	175	25	20	10
Austro-Asiatic languages	51,160	23,360	27,800	1,230	580	655
Khmer (Cambodian)	3,090	1,400	1,690	265	115	150
Vietnamese	48,005	21,935	26,070	970	465	505
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	65	25	40	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	160,980	63,835	97,150	440	165	275
Bikol	470	210	260	0	0	0
Cebuano	5,080	2,020	3,055	15	5	15
Fijian	55	25	25	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	2,320	890	1,435	5	0	5
Ilocano	9,415	3,685	5,735	20	5	15
Malagasy	25	15	15	130	65	65
Malay	4,420	1,995	2,430	20	10	15
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,305	580	725	0	0	0
Pangasinan	450	185	270	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	136,115	53,725	82,385	240	75	160
Waray-Waray	315	105	205	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,015	400	610	5	5	5
Creole languages	5,505	2,575	2,930	2,805	1,275	1,530
Haitian Creole	200	95	110	170	75	90
Creole, n.o.s.	3,380	1,600	1,785	2,535	1,155	1,380
Creole languages, n.i.e.	1,920	875	1,040	100	45	55
Dravidian languages	133,415	65,680	67,740	100	50	50
Kannada	2,025	1,015	1,010	5	0	5
Malayalam	12,530	6,430	6,100	10	5	10
Tamil	109,580	53,225	56,355	65	35	30
Telugu	9,015	4,880	4,135	15	5	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	275	135	140	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,372,335	664,655	707,680	18,585	9,105	9,475
Albanian	13,260	6,615	6,645	40	20	20
Armenian	12,570	6,070	6,505	100	45	55
Balto-Slavic languages	261,650	119,970	141,685	2,430	1,130	1,305
Baltic languages	5,445	2,185	3,260	25	10	15
Latvian	2,255	905	1,350	5	5	5
Lithuanian	3,185	1,280	1,910	20	10	15
Slavic languages	256,205	117,785	138,420	2,405	1,115	1,295
Belarusan	355	170	185	5	0	5
Bosnian	2,750	1,330	1,415	5	0	0
Bulgarian	6,945	3,350	3,590	330	170	160
Croatian	16,525	7,925	8,595	65	30	35
Czech	4,795	2,215	2,580	35	15	20
Macedonian	12,010	5,700	6,315	5	0	0
Polish	69,860	31,625	38,240	345	140	205
Russian	83,105	37,735	45,375	1,180	535	635
Serbian	21,420	10,425	10,995	85	50	35
Serbo-Croatian	2,420	1,130	1,290	25	15	15
Slovak	5,260	2,455	2,800	25	10	15
Slovene (Slovenian)	3,705	1,630	2,075	120	50	65
Ukrainian	26,550	11,840	14,710	170	80	95
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	510	265	245	10	5	5
Celtic languages	460	210	250	5	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	165	75	90	0	0	0
Welsh	150	65	85	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	140	75	70	5	0	0
Germanic languages	45,990	20,810	25,180	390	200	185
Afrikaans	985	475	510	0	0	0
Danish	1,570	710	855	15	10	5
Dutch	8,585	4,045	4,540	60	25	35
Frisian	135	60	75	0	0	0
German	29,425	13,140	16,285	280	145	130
Icelandic	85	40	45	0	0	0
Norwegian	380	170	210	5	5	0
Swedish	1,140	485	660	10	5	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	280	110	170	15	5	5
Yiddish	3,355	1,555	1,800	0	5	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	50	20	25	5	0	5
Greek	41,225	20,005	21,215	565	310	255
Indo-Iranian languages	589,495	296,750	292,745	2,605	1,360	1,250
Indo-Aryan languages	476,470	239,960	236,510	630	335	295
Bengali	38,325	19,275	19,045	105	60	40
Gujarati	64,115	32,120	31,995	60	25	35
Hindi	48,140	24,165	23,975	75	45	25
Kashmiri	275	140	140	0	0	0
Konkani	2,155	1,020	1,135	5	0	5
Marathi	4,465	2,270	2,200	10	5	5
Nepali	4,685	2,350	2,330	0	0	5
Oriya (Odia)	585	315	270	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	171,230	86,995	84,230	115	55	60
Sindhi	5,800	2,720	3,085	5	5	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	7,860	3,805	4,055	5	10	0
Urdu	128,845	64,790	64,060	245	130	115
Iranian languages	111,100	55,775	55,330	1,960	1,015	945
Kurdish	2,775	1,555	1,220	10	10	5
Pashto	7,685	3,960	3,730	60	30	35
Persian (Farsi)	100,640	50,255	50,380	1,885	975	905
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	1,920	1,020	910	15	10	5
Italic (Romance) languages	407,685	194,225	213,460	12,455	6,040	6,410
Catalan	165	90	75	0	5	5
Italian	151,415	72,645	78,770	1,160	595	565
Portuguese	104,305	50,075	54,235	1,475	720	760
Romanian	25,075	11,670	13,400	1,985	960	1,020
Spanish	126,500	59,645	66,860	7,830	3,765	4,065
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	225	105	125	0	0	0
Japanese	9,650	3,370	6,280	50	5	40
Kartvelian languages	1,110	595	515	5	0	5
Georgian	1,110	595	515	5	0	0
Korean	55,005	25,250	29,750	130	60	75
Mongolic languages	345	155	190	5	0	5
Mongolian	345	155	190	5	0	5
Niger-Congo languages	24,130	11,310	12,820	1,440	755	685
Akan (Twi)	8,490	3,905	4,580	15	5	10
Bamanankan	60	30	30	75	40	35
Edo	1,020	410	610	0	0	0
Ewe	370	185	190	35	20	10
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	220	115	105	120	60	60
Ga	440	200	245	0	0	0
Ganda	515	245	270	0	0	0
Igbo	1,520	775	750	5	0	0
Lingala	375	175	200	95	50	50
Rundi (Kirundi)	355	165	185	115	55	60
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	380	175	210	75	35	40
Shona	680	325	355	5	5	0
Swahili	3,215	1,495	1,715	90	50	40
Wolof	160	90	80	305	170	140
Yoruba	3,380	1,720	1,655	15	15	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	2,945	1,310	1,635	505	270	230
Nilo-Saharan languages	360	200	160	5	5	5
Dinka	45	25	15	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	315	170	145	10	0	5
Sign languages	1,220	665	555	75	35	35
American Sign Language	470	250	220	5	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	50	25	25
Sign languages, n.i.e	750	420	330	20	5	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	516,670	239,930	276,740	2,590	1,220	1,365
Chinese languages	510,185	236,775	273,415	2,535	1,195	1,340
Cantonese	247,710	115,020	132,680	845	390	450
Hakka	6,495	2,915	3,580	15	5	10
Mandarin	227,085	105,655	121,435	1,390	660	730
Min Dong	765	370	395	5	0	5
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	11,580	5,345	6,235	110	50	65
Wu (Shanghainese)	5,290	2,380	2,910	50	25	30
Chinese, n.o.s.	11,075	4,995	6,080	120	65	55
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	190	95	95	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	6,485	3,160	3,325	55	30	25
Burmese	1,005	450	555	0	0	0
Karenic languages	265	125	140	0	0	0
Tibetan	4,875	2,410	2,470	55	35	25
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	335	175	160	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	3,935	1,600	2,340	365	170	190
Lao	2,275	1,095	1,180	340	165	175
Thai	1,640	495	1,145	20	10	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	25	10	15	0	0	0
Turkic languages	16,700	8,685	8,015	125	65	60
Azerbaijani	1,615	865	745	5	0	0
Turkish	13,700	7,145	6,550	120	65	60
Uyghur	385	195	195	0	0	0
Uzbek	595	300	295	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	405	180	225	0	0	0
Uralic languages	24,330	10,880	13,455	130	75	55
Estonian	2,685	1,100	1,585	0	0	0
Finnish	2,515	1,010	1,505	5	0	5
Hungarian	19,130	8,765	10,360	130	75	55
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	960	495	465	25	15	10
Multiple responses	237,755	114,960	122,795	6,725	3,330	3,390
English and French	14,945	6,895	8,050	2,485	1,240	1,250
English and non-official language	210,320	102,445	107,880	480	250	235
French and non-official language	6,050	2,715	3,330	3,180	1,550	1,625
English, French and non-official language	6,440	2,910	3,535	580	290	285
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,880	237,665	115,720	121,945
Single responses	5,321,900	2,588,170	2,733,730	225,580	109,815	115,765
Official languages	3,866,565	1,899,565	1,966,995	207,145	100,885	106,260
English	3,836,765	1,885,800	1,950,970	16,495	8,270	8,225
French	29,795	13,770	16,030	190,645	92,615	98,030
Non-official languages	1,455,335	688,605	766,730	18,435	8,930	9,505
Aboriginal languages	160	85	80	5	5	5
Algonquian languages	80	40	35	5	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	20	10	10	5	5	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	0	5	0	0
Moose Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	5	10	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	45	20	20	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	35	20	15	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Gwich'in	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	15	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	5	0	5	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	5	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	50	25	30	5	0	5
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,455,175	688,520	766,655	18,430	8,930	9,500
Afro-Asiatic languages	74,095	35,480	38,615	2,345	1,175	1,165
Berber languages	65	30	30	260	130	130
Kabyle	35	15	15	170	80	80
Berber languages, n.i.e.	35	15	15	90	50	40
Cushitic languages	8,380	3,530	4,850	5	5	5
Bilen	40	15	20	0	0	0
Oromo	545	250	290	0	0	0
Somali	7,765	3,250	4,520	5	5	5
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	30	15	20	0	0	0
Semitic languages	65,465	31,830	33,635	2,080	1,040	1,035
Amharic	3,815	1,680	2,135	0	0	0
Arabic	45,020	22,145	22,875	2,070	1,040	1,035
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	6,790	3,255	3,535	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	1,095	535	560	0	0	0
Harari	520	235	285	0	0	0
Hebrew	4,395	2,265	2,135	5	5	0
Maltese	875	395	475	0	0	0
Tigrigna	2,480	1,085	1,395	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	480	225	250	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	185	90	95	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	33,450	15,260	18,190	785	370	415
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,655	725	935	150	65	80
Vietnamese	31,760	14,525	17,235	635	305	330
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	30	15	20	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	72,495	30,930	41,570	145	60	85
Bikol	85	35	45	0	0	0
Cebuano	1,875	810	1,065	0	0	0
Fijian	10	10	5	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	780	335	445	0	0	0
Ilocano	3,455	1,480	1,970	5	5	0
Malagasy	10	5	5	50	25	25
Malay	1,455	705	750	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	405	180	225	0	0	0
Pangasinan	80	35	40	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	63,985	27,170	36,815	85	35	50
Waray-Waray	75	30	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	285	135	150	5	0	0
Creole languages	2,845	1,315	1,535	995	425	570
Haitian Creole	120	55	60	65	20	40
Creole, n.o.s.	1,950	900	1,050	880	380	500
Creole languages, n.i.e.	780	355	425	50	25	25
Dravidian languages	88,295	42,605	45,695	45	20	25
Kannada	830	415	410	5	5	0
Malayalam	6,400	3,260	3,140	5	5	0
Tamil	76,095	36,265	39,830	35	15	20
Telugu	4,870	2,615	2,255	5	5	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	95	40	50	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	723,495	347,435	376,055	11,335	5,505	5,825
Albanian	6,385	3,195	3,190	25	15	10
Armenian	7,475	3,530	3,940	55	25	30
Balto-Slavic languages	135,230	63,280	71,950	1,595	760	825
Baltic languages	1,640	680	960	5	5	5
Latvian	600	245	355	0	0	0
Lithuanian	1,045	440	605	5	5	5
Slavic languages	133,590	62,600	70,995	1,585	760	825
Belarusan	125	60	65	5	0	0
Bosnian	1,330	645	690	0	0	5
Bulgarian	3,860	1,875	1,980	255	125	130
Croatian	5,940	2,845	3,095	30	15	15
Czech	1,415	685	730	15	5	10
Macedonian	4,970	2,355	2,615	0	0	0
Polish	33,325	15,550	17,775	135	60	70
Russian	53,675	24,950	28,720	920	450	475
Serbian	12,200	5,910	6,290	40	25	20
Serbo-Croatian	935	435	500	10	0	5
Slovak	2,290	1,115	1,175	10	5	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	890	385	500	55	20	35
Ukrainian	12,515	5,720	6,790	110	55	55
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	135	55	80	0	0	0
Celtic languages	65	35	30	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	25	15	10	0	0	0
Welsh	20	5	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5,315	2,430	2,885	30	20	15
Afrikaans	265	125	145	0	0	0
Danish	135	65	75	0	0	0
Dutch	655	300	350	5	0	5
Frisian	5	0	0	0	0	0
German	3,590	1,625	1,965	30	15	10
Icelandic	20	5	15	0	0	0
Norwegian	45	15	20	0	0	0
Swedish	220	100	120	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	25	15	10	5	0	0
Yiddish	350	175	175	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Greek	16,940	7,905	9,035	270	130	135
Indo-Iranian languages	367,340	181,800	185,540	1,745	875	875
Indo-Aryan languages	292,940	145,580	147,360	345	170	175
Bengali	24,615	12,140	12,470	65	40	30
Gujarati	38,265	18,750	19,515	40	20	20
Hindi	23,995	11,925	12,065	40	20	15
Kashmiri	50	25	25	0	0	0
Konkani	440	215	230	0	0	0
Marathi	2,000	1,030	970	10	5	0
Nepali	3,085	1,560	1,525	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	270	135	140	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	116,045	58,355	57,690	60	25	35
Sindhi	2,485	1,140	1,350	10	5	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	3,580	1,750	1,825	0	0	0
Urdu	78,105	38,560	39,550	115	50	60
Iranian languages	73,635	35,825	37,805	1,405	700	700
Kurdish	1,470	795	675	5	5	5
Pashto	4,850	2,430	2,415	50	20	30
Persian (Farsi)	67,315	32,600	34,715	1,350	675	675
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	770	395	375	5	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages	184,745	85,260	99,480	7,610	3,680	3,930
Catalan	80	40	45	0	0	0
Italian	51,815	22,250	29,560	290	120	165
Portuguese	50,210	24,070	26,135	735	355	380
Romanian	12,200	5,660	6,540	1,395	690	705
Spanish	70,370	33,205	37,165	5,195	2,510	2,680
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	65	30	35	0	0	0
Japanese	4,550	1,950	2,600	15	5	10
Kartvelian languages	745	405	335	5	0	0
Georgian	745	405	335	5	5	0
Korean	38,435	17,960	20,475	100	45	50
Mongolic languages	200	100	95	0	0	0
Mongolian	200	100	95	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	8,925	3,985	4,945	280	130	145
Akan (Twi)	4,040	1,745	2,300	5	5	5
Bamanankan	15	10	10	15	10	5
Edo	295	115	175	0	0	0
Ewe	95	40	55	5	0	5
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	75	35	40	25	5	20
Ga	150	65	85	0	0	0
Ganda	155	70	85	0	0	0
Igbo	410	205	205	0	0	0
Lingala	95	40	55	20	10	15
Rundi (Kirundi)	125	60	65	25	15	10
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	115	50	65	15	5	10
Shona	235	115	125	0	0	0
Swahili	1,225	540	690	15	5	5
Wolof	80	45	35	95	50	50
Yoruba	1,080	520	560	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	735	330	405	50	20	25
Nilo-Saharan languages	90	45	45	0	0	0
Dinka	15	5	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	75	40	40	0	0	0
Sign languages	1,910	1,085	825	65	35	35
American Sign Language	720	375	345	10	5	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	5	0	35	15	20
Sign languages, n.i.e	1,190	710	480	25	20	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	385,150	180,140	205,005	2,005	985	1,030
Chinese languages	380,550	177,880	202,675	1,960	955	1,010
Cantonese	182,755	84,030	98,725	580	280	300
Hakka	2,725	1,240	1,490	10	0	5
Mandarin	179,665	85,535	94,135	1,195	590	610
Min Dong	240	105	135	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5,065	2,315	2,745	60	20	40
Wu (Shanghainese)	3,130	1,465	1,665	30	20	15
Chinese, n.o.s.	6,890	3,155	3,735	85	45	40
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	85	35	50	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	4,595	2,265	2,330	45	25	20
Burmese	575	260	310	0	0	0
Karenic languages	215	105	110	0	0	0
Tibetan	3,705	1,845	1,860	45	30	20
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	100	55	50	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	1,635	765	865	200	105	100
Lao	1,050	505	540	195	95	100
Thai	575	255	320	5	5	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages	9,495	4,755	4,740	70	35	35
Azerbaijani	645	325	320	5	0	5
Turkish	8,155	4,070	4,090	70	35	30
Uyghur	225	120	105	0	0	0
Uzbek	315	165	145	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	150	70	80	0	0	0
Uralic languages	9,040	4,135	4,900	35	15	15
Estonian	650	240	410	0	0	0
Finnish	510	220	290	0	0	0
Hungarian	7,875	3,680	4,200	35	15	15
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	320	165	155	0	0	0
Multiple responses	561,765	270,615	291,155	12,080	5,905	6,175
English and French	13,015	5,965	7,055	3,045	1,530	1,515
English and non-official language	535,630	258,900	276,730	910	465	445
French and non-official language	2,390	1,055	1,340	6,685	3,190	3,495
English, French and non-official language	10,730	4,700	6,035	1,435	720	720
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,885	237,660	115,720	121,940
None	4,489,770	2,189,920	2,299,850	196,240	94,985	101,255
English	594,565	291,580	302,985	16,045	8,350	7,690
French	52,850	22,910	29,940	11,480	5,610	5,880
Non-official language	720,320	342,165	378,160	11,020	5,370	5,650
Aboriginal	480	205	275	15	5	10
Non-Aboriginal	719,840	341,955	377,885	11,010	5,370	5,645
English and French	4,015	1,855	2,165	1,235	630	605
English and non-official language	13,540	6,615	6,925	1,125	550	575
French and non-official language	8,355	3,630	4,730	480	215	265
English, French and non-official language	255	120	135	30	15	15
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	197,225	95,555	101,670
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,631,950	2,227,300	2,404,650	190,655	92,525	98,130
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,705	36,559	28,070	32,931	37,234	28,983
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,632,745	2,227,500	2,405,245	190,690	92,525	98,165
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,242	33,167	26,233	29,514	32,650	26,571
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,084,930	2,011,885	2,073,045	167,825	83,415	84,410
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,705	38,299	28,006	30,371	35,352	25,664
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,323,485	1,463,175	1,860,305	148,180	67,535	80,640
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	2,205	1,016	3,814	7,027	4,863	8,317
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,454,585	1,751,255	1,703,330	137,870	70,745	67,120
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,838	39,549	30,701	32,039	35,735	28,536
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,905	197,230	95,560	101,670
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,632,420	2,227,415	2,405,000	190,585	92,535	98,050
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	50,479	60,343	41,343	41,124	46,878	35,695
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,633,195	2,227,640	2,405,550	190,605	92,535	98,075
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,565	47,026	34,582	33,968	37,795	30,356
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,085,085	2,011,905	2,073,175	167,760	83,180	84,580
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	52,042	62,785	41,617	39,292	46,106	32,591
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,323,000	1,463,150	1,859,850	148,110	67,705	80,405
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,392	5,530	7,071	8,412	7,423	9,245
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,454,590	1,751,680	1,702,905	137,865	70,500	67,370
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	51,801	61,164	42,171	39,866	45,144	34,343
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,900	197,230	95,560	101,665
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	1,645,880	909,065	736,815	62,015	33,605	28,410
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	56,454	60,974	51,880	46,695	50,876	42,603
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	74,722	84,091	63,161	55,838	61,999	48,550
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	90.9	93.9	86.8	83.9	88.2	78.7
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	76.5	79.7	72.1	70.1	73.5	66.1
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	9.1	6.1	13.2	16.1	11.8	21.3
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,895	197,225	95,560	101,670
Without total income	247,145	117,900	129,245	6,575	3,035	3,540
With total income	4,631,950	2,227,295	2,404,655	190,655	92,525	98,130
Percentage with total income	94.9	95.0	94.9	96.7	96.8	96.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	816,625	368,835	447,795	23,305	10,795	12,510
$10,000 to $19,999	824,160	348,745	475,420	35,225	14,170	21,055
$20,000 to $29,999	589,070	254,985	334,085	29,270	12,340	16,925
$30,000 to $39,999	463,975	209,685	254,290	26,025	12,470	13,560
$40,000 to $49,999	407,495	189,100	218,390	23,155	11,335	11,820
$50,000 to $59,999	325,105	158,480	166,620	16,185	8,410	7,770
$60,000 to $69,999	258,085	134,225	123,855	11,205	6,290	4,915
$70,000 to $79,999	203,100	111,065	92,035	8,510	4,975	3,540
$80,000 to $89,999	161,920	90,560	71,355	5,415	3,240	2,180
$90,000 to $99,999	137,570	73,985	63,585	3,545	2,290	1,255
$100,000 and over	444,845	287,620	157,225	8,810	6,205	2,605
$100,000 to $149,999	272,905	168,210	104,700	6,415	4,440	1,975
$150,000 and over	171,935	119,415	52,525	2,395	1,765	630
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	197,230	95,560	101,670
Without after-tax income	246,350	117,700	128,650	6,540	3,035	3,505
With after-tax income	4,632,740	2,227,495	2,405,245	190,690	92,520	98,170
Percentage with after-tax income	95.0	95.0	94.9	96.7	96.8	96.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	830,700	373,605	457,095	24,165	10,955	13,210
$10,000 to $19,999	856,665	364,095	492,575	36,980	15,055	21,925
$20,000 to $29,999	673,015	294,190	378,830	35,905	15,755	20,155
$30,000 to $39,999	552,905	254,030	298,870	33,795	16,600	17,190
$40,000 to $49,999	472,370	226,445	245,925	24,125	12,440	11,690
$50,000 to $59,999	348,665	180,280	168,385	14,875	8,410	6,465
$60,000 to $69,999	256,270	141,835	114,435	9,015	5,305	3,710
$70,000 to $79,999	198,170	109,175	88,995	4,645	2,965	1,675
$80,000 and over	443,970	283,840	160,130	7,185	5,040	2,145
$80,000 to $89,999	132,515	76,100	56,410	2,615	1,765	850
$90,000 to $99,999	79,285	49,680	29,605	1,485	1,040	445
$100,000 and over	232,170	158,060	74,115	3,090	2,240	850
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	197,225	95,555	101,670
Without employment income	1,424,510	593,940	830,565	59,355	24,810	34,545
With employment income	3,454,590	1,751,260	1,703,330	137,870	70,745	67,125
Percentage with employment income	70.8	74.7	67.2	69.9	74.0	66.0
Under $5,000 (including loss)	432,990	203,395	229,595	17,545	8,945	8,595
$5,000 to $9,999	286,225	129,320	156,910	10,425	4,740	5,680
$10,000 to $19,999	470,970	221,325	249,645	19,895	8,850	11,045
$20,000 to $29,999	371,235	170,795	200,440	17,615	8,070	9,545
$30,000 to $39,999	336,685	157,540	179,150	17,635	8,450	9,185
$40,000 to $49,999	310,550	147,370	163,180	14,900	7,455	7,445
$50,000 to $59,999	255,620	129,510	126,105	11,155	6,045	5,110
$60,000 to $69,999	206,215	110,510	95,705	8,150	4,675	3,475
$70,000 to $79,999	166,035	93,745	72,290	6,715	3,970	2,740
$80,000 and over	618,065	387,750	230,315	13,840	9,535	4,305
$80,000 to $89,999	136,480	78,255	58,230	4,160	2,710	1,450
$90,000 to $99,999	121,935	65,620	56,320	2,815	1,895	915
$100,000 and over	359,645	243,875	115,775	6,865	4,935	1,930
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	2,135,910	...	...	105,535	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	78,373	...	...	58,626	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	68,632	...	...	51,214	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	519,790	...	...	36,395	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,560	...	...	33,535	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,294	...	...	29,882	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	1,616,120	...	...	69,140	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	94,463	...	...	77,049	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	82,594	...	...	66,445	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	2,135,910	...	...	105,535	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	109,480	...	...	74,267	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	87,993	...	...	61,349	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	519,930	...	...	36,390	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	55,833	...	...	39,778	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	44,755	...	...	33,137	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	1,615,980	...	...	69,145	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	126,740	...	...	92,419	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	101,904	...	...	76,198	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	2,135,910	...	...	105,530	...	...
Under $5,000	47,170	...	...	1,135	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	32,275	...	...	1,565	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	50,900	...	...	3,620	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	75,725	...	...	5,355	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	73,110	...	...	5,375	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	74,910	...	...	4,550	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	76,830	...	...	5,340	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	78,800	...	...	5,725	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	78,620	...	...	5,775	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	77,375	...	...	5,520	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	150,140	...	...	10,085	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	141,320	...	...	8,685	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	131,390	...	...	7,365	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	122,205	...	...	6,360	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	113,055	...	...	5,245	...	...
$100,000 and over	812,085	...	...	23,830	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	229,055	...	...	9,495	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	167,755	...	...	5,830	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	200,605	...	...	5,250	...	...
$200,000 and over	214,660	...	...	3,255	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	2,135,905	...	...	105,530	...	...
Under $5,000	49,905	...	...	1,200	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	32,655	...	...	1,595	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	51,760	...	...	3,650	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	78,605	...	...	5,645	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	80,190	...	...	6,095	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	82,520	...	...	5,670	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	87,360	...	...	7,000	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	92,550	...	...	7,100	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	95,185	...	...	6,825	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	93,510	...	...	6,475	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	179,885	...	...	11,490	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	165,340	...	...	9,455	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	153,020	...	...	7,770	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	136,810	...	...	6,000	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	118,465	...	...	4,845	...	...
$100,000 and over	638,165	...	...	14,725	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	229,315	...	...	7,630	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	149,930	...	...	3,535	...	...
$150,000 and over	258,915	...	...	3,555	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	1,557,640	...	...	66,060	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	94,132	...	...	77,664	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	82,232	...	...	66,851	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.3	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	423,565	...	...	25,160	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	85,201	...	...	71,097	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,904	...	...	60,925	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	822,810	...	...	26,180	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	114,050	...	...	101,679	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,699	...	...	86,380	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	257,415	...	...	12,740	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	57,120	...	...	52,426	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,715	...	...	47,757	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	1,556,795	...	...	66,010	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	127,226	...	...	93,323	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	102,021	...	...	76,775	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	423,700	...	...	25,200	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	120,527	...	...	86,575	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	94,618	...	...	70,570	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	823,190	...	...	26,220	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	148,914	...	...	116,740	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	118,944	...	...	95,258	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	255,745	...	...	12,670	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	73,609	...	...	60,299	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	62,869	...	...	52,122	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	747,115	353,075	394,040	44,740	21,660	23,075
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	32,613	33,636	31,818	31,072	33,488	29,005
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	29,868	30,519	29,362	28,039	29,590	26,770
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	745,705	351,920	393,790	44,805	21,565	23,235
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	47,973	50,595	45,630	37,431	39,306	35,690
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	39,048	40,380	37,857	31,387	32,359	30,484
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	5,862,855	2,849,955	3,012,895	234,955	114,850	120,105
In the bottom half of the distribution	2,813,285	1,338,400	1,474,885	139,195	66,225	72,965
In the bottom decile	652,620	315,260	337,360	22,870	11,135	11,735
In the second decile	583,750	269,305	314,445	26,205	11,665	14,545
In the third decile	539,335	254,260	285,075	30,615	14,515	16,105
In the fourth decile	518,440	248,375	270,065	30,860	14,820	16,035
In the fifth decile	519,140	251,205	267,935	28,645	14,100	14,545
In the top half of the distribution	3,049,570	1,511,555	1,538,015	95,765	48,625	47,140
In the sixth decile	528,520	256,980	271,540	25,840	12,960	12,880
In the seventh decile	546,775	267,890	278,885	23,430	11,765	11,665
In the eighth decile	580,185	286,725	293,460	20,135	10,310	9,825
In the ninth decile	639,880	318,340	321,540	15,630	8,050	7,580
In the top decile	754,210	381,625	372,590	10,725	5,540	5,185
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	5,862,595	2,849,835	3,012,760	234,955	114,855	120,105
0 to 17 years	1,195,910	614,060	581,850	44,655	22,730	21,930
0 to 5 years	374,440	191,880	182,555	16,145	8,310	7,835
18 to 64 years	3,851,275	1,866,775	1,984,495	152,005	75,205	76,800
65 years and over	815,415	369,005	446,405	38,300	16,915	21,375
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	912,405	430,210	482,200	34,710	15,935	18,775
0 to 17 years	235,120	121,220	113,905	7,370	3,825	3,540
0 to 5 years	75,855	39,055	36,795	2,710	1,395	1,315
18 to 64 years	565,145	264,585	300,560	20,715	9,905	10,810
65 years and over	112,140	44,405	67,735	6,625	2,200	4,420
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.6	15.1	16.0	14.8	13.9	15.6
0 to 17 years (%)	19.7	19.7	19.6	16.5	16.8	16.1
0 to 5 years (%)	20.3	20.4	20.2	16.8	16.8	16.8
18 to 64 years (%)	14.7	14.2	15.1	13.6	13.2	14.1
65 years and over (%)	13.8	12.0	15.2	17.3	13.0	20.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	749,935	359,355	390,585	28,060	13,200	14,860
0 to 17 years	178,525	91,985	86,540	5,470	2,840	2,630
0 to 5 years	58,105	29,855	28,245	2,000	1,030	970
18 to 64 years	499,350	239,960	259,390	18,030	8,925	9,100
65 years and over	72,065	27,410	44,660	4,565	1,440	3,130
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	12.8	12.6	13.0	11.9	11.5	12.4
0 to 17 years (%)	14.9	15.0	14.9	12.2	12.5	12.0
0 to 5 years (%)	15.5	15.6	15.5	12.4	12.4	12.4
18 to 64 years (%)	13.0	12.9	13.1	11.9	11.9	11.8
65 years and over (%)	8.8	7.4	10.0	11.9	8.5	14.6
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,865	234,955	114,850	120,105
Official languages	5,605,085	2,747,700	2,857,380	233,005	114,085	118,920
English	5,600,485	2,745,820	2,854,665	124,380	65,485	58,900
French	466,820	200,835	265,990	226,605	110,760	115,845
Non-official languages	3,115,825	1,485,485	1,630,340	52,515	25,470	27,045
Aboriginal languages	1,105	450	655	25	10	15
Algonquian languages	940	395	545	0	0	0
Blackfoot	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	190	90	95	0	0	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	10	0	10
Plains Cree	50	30	20	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	30	10	15	0	0	0
Woods Cree	15	10	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	100	45	55	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	45	20	25	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	45	25	25	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	705	280	425	0	0	0
Algonquin	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ojibway	675	270	405	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	20	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	15	0	10	10	0	10
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	10	10	10	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	10	0	10	10	0	10
Dogrib (Tlicho)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	20	10	10	10	0	10
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	15	0	0	0	0	10
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	60	20	40	10	0	10
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	45	15	35	0	0	0
Oneida	10	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	15	10	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Dakota	10	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	30	20	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,114,775	1,485,055	1,629,720	52,490	25,465	27,030
Afro-Asiatic languages	211,335	106,115	105,215	9,430	5,050	4,380
Berber languages	245	135	110	1,260	620	640
Kabyle	80	40	40	880	420	465
Berber languages, n.i.e.	170	95	75	390	200	190
Cushitic languages	20,445	8,910	11,530	25	15	10
Bilen	85	50	35	0	0	0
Oromo	1,390	590	800	0	0	0
Somali	18,965	8,250	10,715	25	10	10
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	85	30	50	0	0	0
Semitic languages	191,925	97,710	94,215	8,720	4,700	4,025
Amharic	11,440	5,325	6,115	15	0	0
Arabic	125,970	65,090	60,880	8,560	4,610	3,950
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	12,500	6,090	6,410	10	0	10
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	2,220	1,110	1,105	0	0	0
Harari	1,250	635	620	0	0	0
Hebrew	38,385	19,590	18,795	150	90	60
Maltese	4,675	2,295	2,380	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5,960	2,790	3,180	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	1,135	555	580	10	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	720	335	390	45	25	20
Austro-Asiatic languages	67,000	30,750	36,245	1,555	705	850
Khmer (Cambodian)	4,340	1,900	2,445	440	175	265
Vietnamese	62,935	29,000	33,935	1,120	540	585
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	40	0	35	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	205,810	81,995	123,815	600	225	375
Bikol	580	260	325	0	0	0
Cebuano	7,350	2,960	4,395	35	10	30
Fijian	50	20	30	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	2,545	1,015	1,530	15	0	10
Ilocano	12,740	5,000	7,740	25	10	15
Malagasy	90	45	45	195	95	105
Malay	7,305	3,360	3,945	30	15	20
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,600	735	875	0	0	0
Pangasinan	450	200	255	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	193,480	76,640	116,840	340	100	240
Waray-Waray	320	100	220	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,275	525	750	15	10	10
Creole languages	16,750	7,530	9,220	6,060	2,810	3,250
Haitian Creole	645	290	355	295	125	170
Creole, n.o.s.	9,125	4,110	5,015	5,580	2,590	2,990
Creole languages, n.i.e.	7,130	3,185	3,945	220	110	105
Dravidian languages	176,480	87,740	88,740	90	45	45
Kannada	4,470	2,245	2,215	10	0	10
Malayalam	17,255	8,785	8,475	10	10	0
Tamil	146,145	71,915	74,225	60	30	35
Telugu	13,615	7,460	6,150	15	10	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	440	225	210	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,768,825	861,040	907,780	29,160	14,095	15,065
Albanian	15,375	7,695	7,680	30	20	15
Armenian	15,225	7,275	7,950	160	80	80
Balto-Slavic languages	300,880	140,300	160,580	3,160	1,440	1,715
Baltic languages	6,340	2,595	3,745	50	20	30
Latvian	2,630	1,115	1,520	0	0	0
Lithuanian	3,710	1,480	2,230	50	20	25
Slavic languages	296,240	138,420	157,820	3,135	1,430	1,700
Belarusan	945	495	450	15	0	15
Bosnian	4,355	2,110	2,250	0	0	0
Bulgarian	8,055	3,940	4,120	330	195	135
Croatian	23,785	11,605	12,180	145	60	85
Czech	6,300	2,975	3,325	50	20	25
Macedonian	16,730	8,025	8,700	10	0	0
Polish	83,545	38,245	45,300	465	205	260
Russian	111,165	51,675	59,485	1,830	850	980
Serbian	27,390	13,560	13,830	80	55	30
Serbo-Croatian	2,865	1,390	1,475	40	10	30
Slovak	6,085	2,790	3,295	40	20	20
Slovene (Slovenian)	4,450	2,010	2,440	150	60	90
Ukrainian	38,030	17,050	20,980	450	170	280
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	630	360	265	10	10	0
Celtic languages	1,910	985	920	15	10	10
Scottish Gaelic	650	325	320	10	0	10
Welsh	235	115	125	0	10	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	1,025	550	475	0	0	0
Germanic languages	80,940	38,460	42,480	1,265	715	555
Afrikaans	4,255	2,095	2,160	10	0	0
Danish	2,125	965	1,165	10	10	0
Dutch	11,655	5,440	6,215	100	60	35
Frisian	195	75	115	0	0	0
German	55,040	26,285	28,755	1,110	630	480
Icelandic	130	55	75	0	0	0
Norwegian	960	460	500	10	10	0
Swedish	2,570	1,165	1,410	40	15	20
Vlaams (Flemish)	265	110	150	30	15	20
Yiddish	6,510	3,200	3,305	10	10	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	105	50	55	10	0	10
Greek	60,400	29,665	30,735	850	455	395
Indo-Iranian languages	765,115	386,165	378,955	3,275	1,710	1,570
Indo-Aryan languages	639,795	323,555	316,245	1,125	585	540
Bengali	48,410	24,580	23,830	180	115	65
Gujarati	87,570	43,795	43,770	105	50	50
Hindi	207,780	105,570	102,210	335	180	155
Kashmiri	475	240	235	0	0	0
Konkani	4,995	2,265	2,730	15	0	10
Marathi	8,630	4,460	4,170	15	10	10
Nepali	6,385	3,155	3,235	0	0	10
Oriya (Odia)	930	445	480	10	0	10
Punjabi (Panjabi)	243,875	125,225	118,655	255	135	115
Sindhi	9,685	4,545	5,135	25	20	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15,135	7,605	7,525	10	10	0
Urdu	194,390	98,385	96,005	505	250	255
Iranian languages	130,695	65,170	65,520	2,280	1,180	1,095
Kurdish	3,845	2,175	1,670	40	20	15
Pashto	11,400	6,040	5,365	145	80	70
Persian (Farsi)	119,790	59,470	60,320	2,160	1,120	1,040
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	3,515	1,895	1,620	25	10	15
Italic (Romance) languages	567,300	268,895	298,410	21,395	10,225	11,175
Catalan	315	165	150	15	10	10
Italian	220,425	105,435	114,985	2,470	1,220	1,250
Portuguese	134,220	64,585	69,640	2,255	1,100	1,155
Romanian	29,765	13,805	15,965	2,400	1,210	1,190
Spanish	206,090	95,990	110,100	15,420	7,230	8,195
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	655	320	340	20	10	10
Japanese	17,460	7,535	9,920	235	130	105
Kartvelian languages	1,465	740	725	0	0	0
Georgian	1,465	740	725	0	0	0
Korean	62,350	29,150	33,205	225	75	145
Mongolic languages	445	190	255	15	10	15
Mongolian	445	190	255	20	0	10
Niger-Congo languages	47,720	22,705	25,015	2,740	1,285	1,450
Akan (Twi)	13,715	6,345	7,365	30	15	15
Bamanankan	200	110	90	130	60	70
Edo	1,890	825	1,070	10	0	0
Ewe	520	270	250	65	35	35
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	485	245	240	190	90	100
Ga	1,005	490	515	10	0	10
Ganda	865	410	455	0	0	0
Igbo	2,925	1,445	1,475	0	0	0
Lingala	2,080	895	1,185	430	185	245
Rundi (Kirundi)	535	255	285	170	85	90
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	695	295	400	125	50	75
Shona	1,175	515	655	20	0	20
Swahili	10,350	5,110	5,240	220	95	125
Wolof	415	185	230	610	315	290
Yoruba	7,935	3,980	3,960	40	15	20
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	6,340	2,935	3,405	1,045	515	530
Nilo-Saharan languages	500	285	215	10	10	0
Dinka	85	65	25	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	415	220	195	10	10	10
Sign languages	5,980	2,555	3,425	250	75	170
American Sign Language	3,505	1,325	2,175	30	15	15
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	15	180	45	130
Sign languages, n.i.e.	2,575	1,280	1,295	60	25	35
Sino-Tibetan languages	581,165	272,700	308,470	2,820	1,345	1,470
Chinese languages	574,095	269,220	304,875	2,800	1,330	1,470
Cantonese	306,700	142,590	164,115	1,015	490	525
Hakka	7,185	3,150	4,035	10	0	10
Mandarin	313,605	145,835	167,765	1,820	830	995
Min Dong	710	285	425	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	13,985	6,265	7,715	125	60	70
Wu (Shanghainese)	6,885	3,200	3,685	65	30	40
Chinese, n.o.s.	11,470	5,200	6,270	155	90	65
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	135	75	60	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	7,455	3,695	3,770	15	10	10
Burmese	1,325	600	720	0	0	0
Karenic languages	245	115	135	0	0	0
Tibetan	5,465	2,725	2,740	15	10	10
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	500	290	210	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5,070	2,155	2,915	620	330	290
Lao	2,895	1,370	1,525	585	315	275
Thai	2,450	915	1,535	100	40	60
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	30	10	20	0	0	0
Turkic languages	24,680	12,835	11,845	205	105	100
Azerbaijani	2,645	1,345	1,300	10	10	0
Turkish	20,745	10,830	9,915	185	90	100
Uyghur	490	225	265	15	0	10
Uzbek	815	440	375	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	560	270	290	10	0	0
Uralic languages	27,660	12,555	15,095	125	75	55
Estonian	2,995	1,295	1,705	0	0	0
Finnish	2,835	1,215	1,615	10	10	0
Hungarian	21,890	10,070	11,830	120	65	55
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	2,300	1,195	1,105	130	80	45
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	234,955	114,850	120,105
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	5,134,440	2,503,870	2,630,575	221,880	108,465	113,415
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,102,940	565,995	536,940	41,960	21,315	20,640
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	4,031,505	1,937,875	2,093,635	179,920	87,145	92,775
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	728,410	346,120	382,285	13,080	6,390	6,685
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	234,955	114,855	120,105
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	3,020,405	1,511,930	1,508,475	191,630	93,590	98,045
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	2,705,550	1,269,995	1,435,560	41,580	20,420	21,160
Before 1981	611,635	284,800	326,830	7,580	3,800	3,775
1981 to 1990	370,195	177,010	193,190	4,235	2,155	2,085
1991 to 2000	638,770	298,245	340,520	6,035	2,920	3,110
2001 to 2010	728,025	341,100	386,925	14,535	7,155	7,380
2001 to 2005	379,400	178,780	200,620	6,300	3,090	3,210
2006 to 2010	348,620	162,320	186,305	8,235	4,070	4,170
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	356,930	168,835	188,095	9,190	4,385	4,805
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	136,895	68,065	68,830	1,740	845	900
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	2,705,550	1,269,990	1,435,560	41,585	20,420	21,165
Under 5 years	225,470	112,150	113,325	4,510	2,270	2,235
5 to 14 years	449,875	226,440	223,440	7,075	3,645	3,425
15 to 24 years	588,860	261,700	327,155	7,530	3,400	4,135
25 to 44 years	1,154,390	541,415	612,980	20,015	9,895	10,120
45 years and over	286,960	128,295	158,665	2,455	1,215	1,240
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	2,705,550	1,269,990	1,435,560	41,580	20,415	21,165
Americas	409,865	181,700	228,165	11,840	5,460	6,385
Brazil	10,625	4,950	5,675	395	180	215
Colombia	17,150	7,850	9,295	1,680	725	960
El Salvador	11,110	5,535	5,580	285	160	130
Guyana	69,025	30,505	38,515	165	70	100
Haiti	2,590	1,225	1,370	4,085	1,810	2,270
Jamaica	99,660	41,700	57,960	75	60	20
Mexico	11,395	5,070	6,320	805	335	465
Peru	8,095	3,600	4,500	930	425	505
Trinidad and Tobago	43,135	19,035	24,095	175	85	90
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	46,695	21,755	24,940	640	345	295
Other places of birth in Americas	90,390	40,480	49,915	2,605	1,270	1,340
Europe	617,555	291,735	325,815	9,855	5,085	4,770
Bosnia and Herzegovina	9,630	4,760	4,875	30	15	10
Croatia	12,010	5,760	6,250	70	25	45
France	6,890	3,220	3,670	2,850	1,555	1,295
Germany	22,970	10,725	12,240	295	155	140
Greece	27,885	13,595	14,290	400	210	195
Hungary	11,925	5,380	6,540	45	30	10
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	8,115	3,955	4,160	35	20	10
Italy	103,620	50,525	53,090	570	295	275
Netherlands	7,620	3,700	3,915	40	15	20
Poland	57,450	25,810	31,640	260	105	150
Portugal	71,045	34,235	36,810	715	400	320
Romania	25,515	11,630	13,890	1,655	855	800
Russian Federation	34,385	14,875	19,510	465	190	280
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	13,080	6,355	6,725	60	30	30
Ukraine	32,110	14,690	17,420	400	175	230
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	99,165	47,375	51,790	350	190	165
Other places of birth in Europe	74,130	35,130	38,995	1,620	820	795
Africa	152,755	73,585	79,165	12,165	6,255	5,905
Algeria	1,240	650	595	2,580	1,310	1,270
Egypt	24,820	12,865	11,950	525	285	240
Ethiopia	10,865	4,965	5,900	10	0	10
Kenya	11,305	5,165	6,140	20	10	10
Morocco	3,480	1,700	1,780	2,790	1,485	1,305
Nigeria	16,400	8,135	8,260	15	0	10
Somalia	10,850	4,350	6,500	0	10	0
South Africa, Republic of	13,040	6,345	6,690	10	10	10
Other places of birth in Africa	60,760	29,410	31,355	6,205	3,145	3,060
Asia	1,518,125	719,445	798,680	7,675	3,605	4,070
Afghanistan	25,420	12,730	12,690	1,120	580	540
Bangladesh	32,385	16,330	16,055	105	50	55
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	266,840	121,555	145,290	1,500	580	915
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	100,060	46,985	53,080	155	95	65
India	307,275	153,190	154,085	240	130	100
IranCensus data footnote 61	74,530	37,130	37,395	390	215	165
Iraq	29,230	14,640	14,595	55	25	35
Japan	5,880	1,905	3,975	60	0	55
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	45,700	21,285	24,420	155	80	70
Lebanon	13,610	7,315	6,295	600	330	270
Pakistan	119,085	60,120	58,960	375	175	200
Philippines	192,265	78,690	113,570	340	100	245
Sri Lanka	101,550	49,580	51,965	50	25	20
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	10,830	5,430	5,400	110	40	70
Taiwan	14,980	6,510	8,465	115	65	55
Viet Nam	59,365	26,830	32,540	850	400	450
Other places of birth in Asia	119,120	59,225	59,900	1,455	690	760
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	7,260	3,525	3,730	45	15	25
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	356,930	168,835	188,095	9,195	4,385	4,805
Americas	40,810	19,490	21,320	2,310	1,100	1,210
Brazil	2,595	1,225	1,370	140	70	65
Colombia	2,610	1,220	1,385	470	195	275
Cuba	1,200	535	660	175	95	80
Haiti	865	415	450	705	325	380
Jamaica	7,300	3,825	3,475	0	0	0
Mexico	3,045	1,450	1,590	195	105	95
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	8,075	4,090	3,990	105	50	60
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	1,880	875	1,005	165	95	70
Other places of birth in Americas	13,250	5,845	7,395	350	170	180
Europe	31,805	15,585	16,225	1,430	700	725
France	1,400	675	725	555	300	255
Germany	915	490	420	35	25	15
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	1,490	935	560	10	0	10
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	775	365	415	115	45	70
Romania	1,490	590	900	195	105	90
Russian Federation	3,935	1,430	2,505	115	35	80
Ukraine	3,655	1,690	1,960	160	80	80
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	3,990	2,385	1,605	15	15	0
Other places of birth in Europe	14,150	7,020	7,135	230	95	130
Africa	24,760	12,150	12,615	4,260	2,080	2,180
Algeria	205	95	115	540	230	310
Cameroon	805	355	450	660	305	350
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	565	250	315	125	55	65
Côte d'Ivoire	290	135	150	555	260	300
Egypt	5,975	3,105	2,870	80	40	45
Eritrea	1,065	520	540	0	0	0
Ethiopia	1,665	755	915	0	0	10
Morocco	365	145	220	700	370	330
Nigeria	4,805	2,340	2,460	10	0	0
Somalia	1,155	555	600	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	810	440	370	0	0	10
Tunisia	125	90	40	180	100	75
Other places of birth in Africa	6,950	3,375	3,575	1,400	705	695
Asia	258,265	120,865	137,405	1,185	505	680
Afghanistan	4,615	2,315	2,300	215	100	115
Bangladesh	6,870	3,400	3,465	10	10	0
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	49,815	22,155	27,660	305	115	185
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	1,815	730	1,085	0	0	0
India	58,820	29,560	29,260	10	0	10
IranCensus data footnote 61	18,635	9,020	9,620	170	90	85
Iraq	8,270	4,125	4,150	10	0	10
Israel	1,665	880	785	40	20	20
Japan	965	265	700	20	0	20
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	4,885	2,215	2,665	0	0	0
Lebanon	1,440	780	660	45	25	20
Nepal	2,430	1,245	1,190	10	0	10
Pakistan	21,750	10,650	11,100	85	30	60
Philippines	43,590	17,995	25,595	35	10	20
Saudi Arabia	2,135	1,085	1,045	10	0	0
Sri Lanka	7,395	3,220	4,175	0	0	0
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	5,505	2,855	2,650	45	20	25
Taiwan	760	300	460	0	0	0
Turkey	2,055	1,145	910	15	10	15
United Arab Emirates	3,375	1,695	1,680	25	20	0
Viet Nam	2,690	1,060	1,625	40	15	25
Other places of birth in Asia	8,780	4,155	4,625	100	50	45
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	1,285	755	535	15	0	10
Australia	1,005	615	390	10	0	0
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	285	140	150	10	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,865	234,960	114,855	120,105
First generationCensus data footnote 69	2,874,265	1,354,410	1,519,860	44,090	21,665	22,425
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	1,676,530	844,955	831,575	26,875	13,660	13,215
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	1,312,060	650,630	661,430	163,985	79,525	84,460
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	2,129,485	1,002,290	1,127,200	34,690	16,955	17,735
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	1,063,255	525,765	537,490	20,090	10,655	9,435
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	424,005	261,635	162,370	8,865	5,680	3,190
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	639,250	264,130	375,115	11,225	4,980	6,240
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	717,295	293,165	424,130	8,785	3,520	5,260
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	319,285	169,830	149,460	5,440	2,580	2,860
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	29,655	13,530	16,120	380	190	185
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	5,862,855	2,849,995	3,012,860	234,955	114,855	120,105
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	46,320	21,815	24,505	2,440	1,180	1,265
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	43,735	20,505	23,230	2,270	1,090	1,180
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	27,800	12,935	14,875	1,150	550	600
Métis	15,240	7,245	7,995	1,100	535	565
Inuk (Inuit)	690	320	365	20	10	10
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	1,130	530	595	65	30	30
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	1,455	780	670	110	60	55
Non-Aboriginal identity	5,816,540	2,828,180	2,988,360	232,515	113,680	118,840
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	234,960	114,850	120,105
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	14,865	6,865	8,005	480	255	220
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	5,847,985	2,843,125	3,004,860	234,480	114,600	119,880
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	234,955	114,850	120,105
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	7,435	3,410	4,020	1,730	790	940
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	7,255	3,325	3,930	1,655	765	890
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	5,765	2,610	3,155	1,395	605	785
Métis single ancestry	1,375	665	715	240	145	100
Inuit single ancestry	120	55	65	25	20	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	175	85	90	75	25	45
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	125	65	60	70	25	45
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	25	10	10	0	10	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	15	0	15	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	20	15	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	66,540	31,435	35,105	7,365	3,475	3,895
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	64,835	30,640	34,190	7,220	3,400	3,820
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	49,115	23,300	25,815	6,310	2,985	3,325
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	14,790	6,905	7,890	870	410	460
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	930	435	490	35	10	30
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	1,710	795	910	145	70	70
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,445	655	785	120	55	60
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	170	80	85	20	10	10
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	90	50	45	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	5,788,885	2,815,145	2,973,735	225,860	110,595	115,270
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	234,955	114,850	120,100
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	3,011,905	1,449,235	1,562,675	43,615	21,285	22,330
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	973,225	490,875	482,350	1,895	990	905
Chinese	631,050	300,215	330,830	3,295	1,480	1,810
Black	442,020	204,665	237,350	16,510	7,940	8,580
Filipino	254,475	108,655	145,825	490	190	300
Latin American	132,945	63,735	69,210	7,355	3,470	3,890
Arab	105,610	54,840	50,770	7,420	4,040	3,375
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	83,535	39,210	44,335	2,610	1,260	1,350
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	123,760	61,875	61,885	1,940	985	955
Korean	69,670	33,180	36,485	250	110	140
Japanese	20,655	8,970	11,685	155	65	90
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	77,780	36,315	41,465	665	300	360
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	97,190	46,700	50,490	1,025	455	575
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	2,850,950	1,400,760	1,450,190	191,345	93,570	97,775
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	5,862,855	2,849,995	3,012,865	234,955	114,855	120,105
North American Aboriginal origins	73,975	34,840	39,130	9,095	4,265	4,830
First Nations (North American Indian)	56,655	26,735	29,915	7,915	3,685	4,230
Inuit	1,360	645	710	85	45	50
Métis	17,860	8,350	9,505	1,310	635	675
Other North American origins	786,975	390,020	396,955	132,915	64,170	68,745
Acadian	4,215	2,085	2,125	1,055	545	510
American	49,455	23,985	25,470	1,315	630	690
Canadian	746,965	370,515	376,445	125,315	60,345	64,965
New Brunswicker	85	55	35	45	20	25
Newfoundlander	3,280	1,675	1,605	20	10	15
Nova Scotian	645	295	355	10	0	10
Ontarian	645	370	275	60	20	40
Québécois	1,570	780	785	7,220	3,635	3,585
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	245	130	115	10	0	0
European origins	2,760,845	1,345,375	1,415,470	91,145	45,275	45,875
British Isles origins	1,287,260	629,030	658,230	22,505	10,875	11,625
Channel Islander	445	235	210	15	10	10
Cornish	205	105	95	10	0	0
English	732,555	358,040	374,515	6,920	3,495	3,430
Irish	544,380	260,305	284,070	13,775	6,545	7,230
Manx	815	475	345	10	0	0
Scottish	543,760	263,155	280,605	5,775	2,710	3,065
Welsh	56,210	26,940	29,275	270	115	160
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	107,900	51,560	56,340	1,000	455	545
French origins	248,150	117,595	130,555	58,065	29,030	29,040
Alsatian	355	140	215	25	25	0
Breton	60	35	20	380	155	230
Corsican	60	30	30	25	20	0
French	247,790	117,430	130,360	57,775	28,900	28,885
Western European origins (except French origins)	396,070	192,485	203,585	7,445	3,740	3,705
Austrian	30,375	14,775	15,600	340	185	160
Bavarian	155	65	85	0	0	0
Belgian	9,770	4,540	5,230	1,995	1,030	970
Dutch	98,890	47,530	51,360	670	325	345
Flemish	910	430	475	55	30	30
Frisian	400	230	165	0	0	0
German	271,815	132,610	139,205	4,225	2,090	2,140
Luxembourger	305	145	155	25	10	15
Swiss	14,705	7,290	7,415	610	320	295
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	530	260	275	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	69,205	33,340	35,865	565	265	300
Danish	15,455	7,630	7,825	165	90	80
Finnish	16,385	7,650	8,735	30	10	20
Icelandic	3,985	2,005	1,985	10	10	0
Norwegian	16,390	8,040	8,345	220	95	125
Swedish	18,590	8,565	10,020	115	65	50
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	3,515	1,665	1,845	40	10	35
Eastern European origins	596,425	284,470	311,955	7,725	3,800	3,930
Bulgarian	11,220	5,545	5,675	415	225	185
Byelorussian	8,240	4,040	4,205	70	25	40
Czech	16,630	8,030	8,600	135	40	90
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	4,755	2,275	2,480	50	20	30
Estonian	7,655	3,580	4,075	45	35	15
Hungarian	59,720	29,025	30,690	540	300	240
Latvian	9,660	4,505	5,155	25	0	20
Lithuanian	19,520	9,380	10,140	235	105	130
Moldovan	3,020	1,545	1,475	335	175	165
Polish	237,245	113,300	123,940	1,835	930	905
Romanian	50,515	24,070	26,445	2,345	1,200	1,140
Russian	139,910	65,150	74,760	1,310	625	685
Slovak	14,580	7,040	7,540	115	60	55
Ukrainian	144,330	69,230	75,105	1,550	710	840
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	7,290	3,405	3,885	0	10	0
Southern European origins	988,415	488,295	500,120	15,640	7,795	7,845
Albanian	17,685	8,940	8,745	65	35	35
Bosnian	6,485	3,150	3,335	30	15	15
Catalan	160	105	60	30	15	15
Croatian	37,460	18,715	18,745	205	80	125
Cypriot	2,620	1,295	1,325	15	15	10
Greek	99,145	49,730	49,410	1,365	715	655
Italian	484,365	241,940	242,420	8,220	4,165	4,055
Kosovar	485	255	225	10	10	0
Macedonian	28,315	14,150	14,165	20	10	10
Maltese	19,440	9,580	9,860	40	10	35
Montenegrin	1,465	700	770	15	0	0
Portuguese	210,425	102,945	107,480	2,715	1,290	1,425
Serbian	33,055	16,630	16,425	150	75	70
Sicilian	1,575	790	780	60	35	30
Slovenian	13,135	6,605	6,530	225	100	125
Spanish	106,690	49,790	56,895	3,505	1,730	1,770
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	6,775	3,280	3,495	85	55	30
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	510	210	300	10	10	10
Other European origins	72,270	36,185	36,085	620	330	285
Basque	815	400	415	110	60	50
Jewish	59,195	29,745	29,450	320	175	150
Roma (Gypsy)	1,220	575	645	0	10	0
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	980	525	455	10	10	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	10,520	5,160	5,360	190	100	90
Caribbean origins	346,530	157,300	189,230	9,485	4,410	5,080
Antiguan	2,430	1,075	1,355	20	10	20
Bahamian	1,255	635	615	10	10	10
Barbadian	18,395	8,370	10,030	145	85	65
Bermudan	1,000	470	540	0	0	0
Carib	1,795	640	1,150	0	0	0
Cuban	9,290	4,200	5,090	480	230	255
Dominican	6,365	3,035	3,335	540	230	305
Grenadian	12,380	5,330	7,050	45	20	30
Guadeloupean	40	10	30	80	40	35
Haitian	5,150	2,425	2,715	7,405	3,375	4,030
Jamaican	200,330	91,035	109,295	375	190	180
Kittitian/Nevisian	1,855	875	985	10	0	0
Martinican	160	50	105	105	50	55
Montserratan	440	210	230	35	15	25
Puerto Rican	750	400	360	20	15	10
St. Lucian	5,405	2,355	3,045	15	10	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	44,300	20,370	23,925	275	140	140
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10,290	4,345	5,950	75	30	40
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	46,300	20,555	25,740	250	125	120
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	13,305	5,940	7,365	170	95	70
Latin, Central and South American origins	213,985	100,945	113,030	8,850	4,145	4,705
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	7,115	3,305	3,810	290	150	145
Arawak	710	315	395	10	10	0
Argentinian	8,415	4,075	4,335	150	80	70
Belizean	355	170	185	0	0	0
Bolivian	1,325	660	665	40	25	15
Brazilian	13,065	6,295	6,780	535	260	275
Chilean	10,435	5,010	5,425	1,225	590	630
Colombian	24,875	11,890	12,985	2,300	1,020	1,275
Costa Rican	1,770	905	865	40	20	20
Ecuadorian	17,930	8,495	9,440	85	45	45
Guatemalan	5,915	2,850	3,065	380	210	170
Guyanese	57,985	26,585	31,405	240	80	160
Hispanic	3,655	1,780	1,875	35	20	20
Honduran	1,750	810	940	85	45	35
Maya	1,135	555	575	70	40	30
Mexican	19,785	9,185	10,600	1,165	530	635
Nicaraguan	3,655	1,765	1,890	100	50	40
Panamanian	1,805	775	1,030	55	30	30
Paraguayan	305	140	160	10	0	10
Peruvian	10,665	4,935	5,725	1,345	610	735
Salvadorean	15,130	7,480	7,650	585	310	275
Uruguayan	3,450	1,770	1,680	45	0	45
Venezuelan	8,260	3,780	4,480	570	265	300
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	9,255	4,505	4,745	190	90	100
African origins	266,640	130,030	136,610	18,100	9,255	8,845
Central and West African origins	58,830	29,030	29,800	5,295	2,640	2,650
Akan	700	395	305	50	25	25
Angolan	1,030	490	535	35	10	25
Ashanti	1,070	545	525	0	0	0
Beninese	370	190	180	280	160	130
Burkinabe	100	45	55	235	115	125
Cameroonian	2,535	1,250	1,285	1,415	715	700
Chadian	185	95	90	0	10	0
Congolese	3,985	1,895	2,085	840	365	475
Edo	935	490	445	0	0	0
Ewe	160	90	70	0	0	0
Gabonese	45	10	35	55	25	30
Gambian	545	255	295	20	15	0
Ghanaian	20,465	9,735	10,730	40	15	25
Guinean	680	335	340	325	195	130
Ibo	1,495	775	720	0	0	0
Ivorian	615	285	330	715	345	375
Liberian	335	140	200	10	0	0
Malian	260	140	125	240	105	145
Malinké	220	105	120	20	10	10
Nigerian	19,330	9,790	9,545	100	50	50
Peulh	60	40	20	105	50	50
Senegalese	535	280	255	700	365	335
Sierra Leonean	815	400	415	10	10	0
Togolese	315	205	105	245	105	140
Wolof	45	25	25	65	40	25
Yoruba	2,925	1,545	1,375	30	20	10
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	2,895	1,415	1,480	365	205	160
North African origins	53,740	27,655	26,090	8,795	4,695	4,105
Algerian	1,700	835	870	2,460	1,270	1,195
Berber	680	365	315	1,515	745	765
Coptic	1,815	935	885	25	15	15
Dinka	35	25	10	0	0	0
Egyptian	36,340	18,715	17,625	745	420	325
Libyan	1,275	685	600	65	50	15
Maure	235	130	105	0	0	0
Moroccan	8,595	4,440	4,160	3,465	1,865	1,600
Sudanese	3,735	1,825	1,915	25	15	15
Tunisian	1,085	580	505	785	465	320
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	840	450	390	95	65	35
Southern and East African origins	80,285	38,330	41,955	1,555	705	850
Afrikaner	340	175	170	10	0	0
Amhara	500	240	260	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	305	170	135	90	40	50
Burundian	710	385	325	270	115	160
Djiboutian	205	95	115	15	10	10
Eritrean	7,625	3,685	3,940	25	10	15
Ethiopian	15,990	7,670	8,325	25	10	15
Harari	460	250	210	0	0	0
Kenyan	3,960	1,830	2,130	0	0	0
Malagasy	180	75	100	370	165	200
Mauritian	2,820	1,465	1,355	445	205	240
Oromo	830	370	460	0	0	0
Rwandan	1,105	490	620	225	100	125
Seychellois	165	65	95	10	0	10
Somali	25,550	11,820	13,740	35	20	10
South African	11,950	6,010	5,940	45	25	20
Tanzanian	1,850	925	920	10	10	0
Tigrian	410	210	200	0	0	0
Ugandan	2,010	980	1,030	0	0	0
Zambian	385	195	190	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	1,760	815	945	25	10	20
Zulu	205	100	110	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	5,470	2,415	3,055	40	30	10
Other African origins	77,575	36,805	40,775	2,670	1,335	1,340
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	10,975	4,750	6,220	195	85	110
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	67,415	32,440	34,975	2,525	1,265	1,260
Asian origins	2,437,365	1,181,245	1,256,120	16,140	7,825	8,315
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	330,340	167,015	163,330	6,530	3,390	3,140
Afghan	41,735	20,950	20,780	1,750	885	865
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	23,205	12,005	11,195	1,695	890	810
Armenian	21,710	10,545	11,165	350	170	180
Assyrian	7,705	3,955	3,745	15	0	10
Azerbaijani	3,340	1,620	1,720	15	15	0
Georgian	2,390	1,220	1,165	10	10	0
Hazara	515	280	235	70	20	45
Iranian	97,110	48,770	48,345	525	280	250
Iraqi	29,045	14,570	14,480	55	35	15
Israeli	14,490	7,510	6,975	10	10	0
Jordanian	5,325	2,865	2,460	55	30	25
Kazakh	975	445	530	15	0	10
Kurd	4,355	2,330	2,025	45	25	25
Kuwaiti	375	215	160	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	245	85	160	0	0	0
Lebanese	29,750	15,125	14,625	1,415	765	650
Palestinian	15,555	8,380	7,170	110	65	40
Pashtun	2,145	1,180	965	65	35	25
Saudi Arabian	1,655	865	785	10	10	10
Syrian	16,150	7,855	8,300	305	155	155
Tajik	1,425	670	755	55	25	30
Tatar	1,785	760	1,025	30	10	15
Turk	23,085	11,685	11,405	205	110	100
Turkmen	405	205	200	0	0	0
Uighur	545	255	290	0	0	0
Uzbek	1,745	870	880	0	0	0
Yemeni	2,530	1,205	1,325	35	15	20
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	10,180	5,245	4,930	30	20	10
South Asian origins	995,125	499,465	495,660	2,190	1,080	1,105
Bangladeshi	23,400	11,960	11,435	70	30	40
Bengali	12,515	6,390	6,125	70	60	15
Bhutanese	150	80	65	0	0	0
East Indian	643,370	322,810	320,555	1,565	730	830
Goan	4,040	1,880	2,160	20	15	10
Gujarati	4,980	2,575	2,400	10	0	0
Kashmiri	1,345	690	650	0	0	0
Nepali	5,395	2,645	2,745	25	10	10
Pakistani	122,950	62,455	60,490	325	165	160
Punjabi	47,760	24,560	23,205	35	20	15
Sinhalese	4,030	1,970	2,055	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	114,400	55,790	58,615	65	35	30
Tamil	40,115	20,345	19,775	15	10	10
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	49,895	25,275	24,620	40	35	10
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,134,050	525,470	608,580	7,565	3,425	4,140
Burmese	2,165	970	1,195	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	6,430	2,970	3,460	610	265	345
Chinese	700,705	332,650	368,055	4,055	1,805	2,250
Filipino	274,670	118,265	156,405	570	225	345
Hmong	55	25	30	0	0	0
Indonesian	6,120	2,825	3,290	50	10	35
Japanese	28,045	12,350	15,695	205	85	120
Karen	265	115	145	0	0	0
Korean	73,385	34,950	38,445	320	140	185
Laotian	4,205	2,080	2,125	665	360	310
Malaysian	5,625	2,660	2,960	30	25	10
Mongolian	1,940	885	1,060	45	10	35
Singaporean	1,070	480	590	0	0	0
Taiwanese	7,975	3,625	4,350	70	40	30
Thai	3,390	1,275	2,115	65	25	40
Tibetan	6,015	3,015	3,000	15	15	0
Vietnamese	73,740	34,880	38,865	1,535	710	825
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	3,400	1,675	1,725	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	10,705	5,285	5,420	30	20	15
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	10,710	5,285	5,420	35	15	10
Oceania origins	9,705	4,915	4,785	85	50	35
Australian	5,925	3,095	2,830	60	40	25
New Zealander	1,945	1,030	915	20	10	10
Pacific Islands origins	2,045	935	1,110	0	0	10
Fijian	1,185	495	690	0	0	0
Hawaiian	225	115	115	0	0	0
Maori	200	105	90	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	115	45	70	0	0	0
Samoan	90	45	50	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	340	160	180	0	0	10
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	2,135,910	...	...	105,535	...	...
Owner	1,420,360	...	...	57,295	...	...
Renter	715,540	...	...	48,240	...	...
Band housing	10	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	2,135,910	...	...	105,535	...	...
Condominium	445,650	...	...	16,700	...	...
Not condominium	1,690,260	...	...	88,830	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	2,135,910	...	...	105,530	...	...
No bedrooms	24,165	...	...	495	...	...
1 bedroom	384,275	...	...	18,665	...	...
2 bedrooms	452,930	...	...	36,010	...	...
3 bedrooms	627,365	...	...	33,740	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	647,170	...	...	16,615	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	2,135,905	...	...	105,535	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	751,950	...	...	44,275	...	...
5 rooms	290,215	...	...	19,830	...	...
6 rooms	278,975	...	...	10,560	...	...
7 rooms	249,710	...	...	10,585	...	...
8 or more rooms	565,055	...	...	20,280	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.9	...	...	5.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	2,135,910	...	...	105,530	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,042,675	...	...	104,365	...	...
More than 1 person per room	93,235	...	...	1,165	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	2,135,905	...	...	105,535	...	...
Suitable	1,930,485	...	...	101,100	...	...
Not suitable	205,420	...	...	4,435	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	2,135,910	...	...	105,530	...	...
1960 or before	437,615	...	...	19,065	...	...
1961 to 1980	566,970	...	...	45,245	...	...
1981 to 1990	300,455	...	...	17,515	...	...
1991 to 2000	268,320	...	...	9,340	...	...
2001 to 2005	198,705	...	...	3,725	...	...
2006 to 2010	185,715	...	...	4,955	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	178,125	...	...	5,685	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	2,135,910	...	...	105,535	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	2,019,695	...	...	98,255	...	...
Major repairs needed	116,215	...	...	7,280	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	2,135,910	...	...	105,535	...	...
1 household maintainer	1,205,800	...	...	67,120	...	...
2 household maintainers	841,650	...	...	36,975	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	88,460	...	...	1,440	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	2,135,905	...	...	105,535	...	...
15 to 24 years	48,555	...	...	3,365	...	...
25 to 34 years	296,125	...	...	15,200	...	...
35 to 44 years	406,810	...	...	18,375	...	...
45 to 54 years	497,290	...	...	20,545	...	...
55 to 64 years	414,985	...	...	22,065	...	...
65 to 74 years	264,505	...	...	15,970	...	...
75 to 84 years	149,385	...	...	7,825	...	...
85 years and over	58,260	...	...	2,185	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	2,130,850	...	...	105,450	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,418,495	...	...	82,040	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	712,350	...	...	23,410	...	...
30% to less than 100%	589,435	...	...	21,090	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,418,695	...	...	57,280	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	63.2	...	...	63.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	26.7	...	...	13.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,655	...	...	1,056	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,755	...	...	1,117	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	647,648	...	...	275,771	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	734,924	...	...	295,626	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	715,420	...	...	48,240	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	14.6	...	...	8.1	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	46.9	...	...	32.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,207	...	...	744	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,264	...	...	783	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,900	197,225	95,560	101,670
No certificate, diploma or degree	794,735	377,800	416,930	40,085	19,660	20,425
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	1,262,345	621,135	641,215	43,980	20,850	23,125
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,822,010	1,346,255	1,475,755	113,170	55,055	58,115
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	216,485	144,375	72,110	31,695	18,265	13,430
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	116,425	69,165	47,260	23,005	11,515	11,490
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	100,065	75,215	24,850	8,685	6,750	1,935
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	844,670	369,815	474,855	34,195	15,095	19,100
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	134,705	60,270	74,435	7,770	3,230	4,540
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,626,155	771,800	854,355	39,515	18,470	21,045
Bachelor's degree	1,075,760	494,850	580,905	25,830	11,695	14,130
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	107,255	49,015	58,245	3,660	1,780	1,875
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	44,785	22,370	22,420	730	330	395
Master's degree	350,785	176,595	174,185	8,150	3,975	4,175
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	47,570	28,965	18,600	1,150	685	460
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	3,288,690	1,578,640	1,710,055	131,370	64,675	66,695
No certificate, diploma or degree	316,395	160,105	156,295	18,385	10,040	8,350
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	718,855	360,435	358,420	25,190	12,390	12,805
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,253,435	1,058,095	1,195,340	87,795	42,250	45,550
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	147,990	97,935	50,050	24,065	13,485	10,580
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	79,985	47,200	32,785	17,840	8,665	9,175
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	68,005	50,740	17,270	6,225	4,820	1,405
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	660,375	288,290	372,080	24,595	11,060	13,535
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	101,090	44,915	56,180	5,850	2,445	3,405
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,343,990	626,960	717,030	33,280	15,255	18,025
Bachelor's degree	876,470	399,455	477,015	21,715	9,775	11,940
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	87,155	38,320	48,835	3,060	1,440	1,620
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	36,605	17,060	19,545	610	245	365
Master's degree	306,310	150,595	155,715	6,950	3,260	3,685
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	37,445	21,525	15,920	955	540	415
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,900	197,225	95,560	101,665
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	2,057,085	998,935	1,058,145	84,055	40,505	43,550
Education	143,825	29,335	114,490	6,540	1,555	4,985
13. Education	143,825	29,335	114,490	6,540	1,560	4,980
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	138,915	62,540	76,375	5,115	2,540	2,575
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	18,065	13,420	4,645	1,100	820	280
50. Visual and performing arts	120,850	49,120	71,735	4,015	1,720	2,295
Humanities	190,960	67,430	123,535	6,295	2,335	3,960
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	22,465	4,895	17,570	995	220	775
23. English language and literature/letters	53,980	15,275	38,705	255	65	190
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	57,545	19,230	38,315	3,225	1,235	1,995
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	925	420	505	35	15	25
38. Philosophy and religious studies	12,380	6,900	5,485	280	170	110
39. Theology and religious vocations	10,235	6,460	3,765	280	160	120
54. History	26,685	13,230	13,455	445	240	200
55. French language and literature/letters	6,750	1,015	5,735	790	240	550
Social and behavioural sciences and law	404,445	141,120	263,325	11,560	3,610	7,950
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	5,520	1,040	4,480	110	35	75
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	44,435	17,305	27,130	1,610	535	1,075
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	57,210	5,340	51,870	2,500	180	2,320
22. Legal professions and studies	69,375	26,940	42,430	2,335	850	1,475
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	6,765	1,550	5,220	250	35	220
42. Psychology	56,380	13,470	42,905	1,530	330	1,200
45. Social sciences	164,760	75,470	89,290	3,230	1,645	1,585
Business, management and public administration	683,170	305,955	377,210	27,190	10,165	17,020
30.16 Accounting and computer science	1,380	525	855	20	15	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	41,330	8,545	32,785	1,260	275	985
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	640,460	296,885	343,575	25,910	9,875	16,035
Physical and life sciences and technologies	135,195	63,275	71,920	4,040	2,240	1,800
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	56,780	22,320	34,460	1,365	540	825
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	33,525	14,700	18,820	755	500	255
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	2,425	770	1,655	350	195	155
40. Physical sciences	37,715	23,855	13,860	1,390	920	480
41. Science technologies/technicians	4,745	1,620	3,125	170	80	90
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	167,300	108,360	58,945	5,830	4,125	1,705
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	129,355	88,860	40,490	4,960	3,710	1,255
25. Library science	5,930	975	4,950	380	70	305
27. Mathematics and statistics	29,330	16,665	12,665	440	315	125
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	2,690	1,845	840	50	35	15
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	483,705	417,195	66,510	23,575	21,405	2,175
04. Architecture and related services	30,785	19,780	11,000	865	510	355
14. Engineering	209,840	167,090	42,755	5,070	4,175	895
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	82,390	74,000	8,390	4,305	3,880	425
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	105	25	75	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	62,875	61,525	1,345	5,320	5,145	180
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	64,895	63,235	1,660	4,810	4,630	175
48. Precision production	32,825	31,545	1,280	3,205	3,060	145
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	31,395	16,880	14,510	1,205	660	545
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	18,615	10,510	8,105	805	420	385
03. Natural resources and conservation	12,775	6,370	6,410	395	235	160
Health and related fields	329,520	79,140	250,380	13,680	2,290	11,390
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	27,935	14,250	13,685	720	340	375
51. Health professions and related programs	289,225	58,445	230,780	12,795	1,860	10,935
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	12,370	6,450	5,920	165	90	75
Personal, protective and transportation services	113,240	54,930	58,315	8,135	4,135	4,000
12. Personal and culinary services	69,505	21,485	48,025	4,960	1,485	3,480
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	400	355	45	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	545	510	30	45	40	10
43. Security and protective services	27,635	19,200	8,440	1,465	1,115	345
49. Transportation and materials moving	15,155	13,380	1,775	1,665	1,495	170
Other	335	95	235	15	0	15
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	335	100	235	15	0	10
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	3,288,690	1,578,640	1,710,050	131,370	64,670	66,695
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	1,035,250	520,540	514,710	43,575	22,425	21,150
Education	105,195	20,910	84,285	4,270	935	3,335
13. Education	105,195	20,910	84,285	4,265	935	3,330
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	111,390	50,080	61,305	3,975	1,975	2,000
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	13,840	10,300	3,535	830	600	230
50. Visual and performing arts	97,550	39,775	57,770	3,150	1,375	1,770
Humanities	148,140	50,890	97,255	4,200	1,560	2,640
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	17,660	3,540	14,120	790	165	625
23. English language and literature/letters	41,970	11,575	30,395	210	40	170
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	45,505	14,730	30,775	1,970	845	1,125
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	740	345	390	30	10	25
38. Philosophy and religious studies	9,615	5,405	4,205	160	110	55
39. Theology and religious vocations	7,505	4,705	2,800	120	65	55
54. History	20,195	9,940	10,250	325	165	165
55. French language and literature/letters	4,965	635	4,325	595	170	425
Social and behavioural sciences and law	328,240	111,705	216,530	9,290	2,780	6,510
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	4,530	880	3,645	90	30	65
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	36,715	14,295	22,425	1,370	440	925
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	44,120	3,755	40,370	2,075	155	1,920
22. Legal professions and studies	58,950	20,950	38,000	1,900	660	1,235
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	5,295	1,275	4,020	190	20	170
42. Psychology	44,300	10,030	34,270	1,200	255	945
45. Social sciences	134,325	60,520	73,810	2,465	1,225	1,245
Business, management and public administration	564,595	248,210	316,390	21,920	8,045	13,875
30.16 Accounting and computer science	1,160	430	735	20	20	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	33,415	6,830	26,585	1,000	205	795
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	530,015	240,955	289,060	20,900	7,825	13,080
Physical and life sciences and technologies	103,055	46,585	56,475	2,895	1,485	1,410
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	43,415	16,535	26,875	1,230	485	745
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25,865	11,000	14,865	400	215	185
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	1,995	655	1,335	60	50	15
40. Physical sciences	28,260	17,290	10,970	1,085	685	400
41. Science technologies/technicians	3,535	1,110	2,430	125	55	70
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	148,790	96,820	51,970	5,245	3,715	1,530
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	118,355	81,355	37,000	4,540	3,390	1,145
25. Library science	4,220	735	3,485	330	65	270
27. Mathematics and statistics	23,830	13,135	10,700	325	225	100
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	2,380	1,595	790	50	35	15
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	373,050	316,715	56,335	18,220	16,255	1,965
04. Architecture and related services	25,325	15,870	9,455	715	400	320
14. Engineering	171,640	134,400	37,240	4,475	3,635	840
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	61,555	55,085	6,465	3,340	2,960	380
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	95	20	75	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	45,310	44,305	1,000	3,810	3,675	135
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	47,060	45,880	1,170	3,560	3,405	155
48. Precision production	22,075	21,155	915	2,320	2,180	140
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	24,915	12,845	12,070	1,005	510	495
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	14,535	7,740	6,800	685	325	360
03. Natural resources and conservation	10,375	5,105	5,270	320	185	140
Health and related fields	260,215	62,080	198,135	10,495	1,775	8,720
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	21,080	10,715	10,365	580	260	320
51. Health professions and related programs	229,345	46,565	182,780	9,775	1,445	8,330
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	9,790	4,795	4,990	140	70	75
Personal, protective and transportation services	85,575	41,185	44,390	6,260	3,205	3,055
12. Personal and culinary services	52,095	15,715	36,385	3,785	1,155	2,630
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	285	245	40	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	255	240	15	45	35	0
43. Security and protective services	20,920	14,315	6,605	1,110	835	280
49. Transportation and materials moving	12,015	10,670	1,345	1,325	1,180	145
Other	285	80	205	15	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	285	75	210	15	0	10
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,905	197,225	95,560	101,665
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,057,080	998,935	1,058,145	84,060	40,505	43,550
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	2,822,010	1,346,255	1,475,760	113,170	55,055	58,115
Location of study inside Canada	1,913,405	904,105	1,009,300	100,355	48,465	51,890
Same as province or territory of residence	1,765,910	831,915	934,000	98,230	47,335	50,895
Different than province or territory of residence	147,495	72,195	75,305	2,130	1,135	995
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	908,605	442,150	466,460	12,815	6,585	6,225
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	83,885	46,165	37,725	565	345	230
Philippines	96,085	33,600	62,485	145	30	110
India	142,155	71,730	70,420	120	75	50
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	59,990	33,500	26,490	255	140	115
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	78,940	37,355	41,580	540	240	300
France	6,680	3,625	3,055	2,085	1,195	890
Other	440,875	216,165	224,710	9,095	4,575	4,525
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	3,288,690	1,578,635	1,710,055	131,370	64,670	66,695
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,035,250	520,540	514,715	43,575	22,425	21,150
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	2,253,435	1,058,100	1,195,340	87,795	42,250	45,550
Location of study inside Canada	1,525,890	713,690	812,200	76,915	36,860	40,060
Same as province or territory of residence	1,408,565	656,055	752,510	75,370	36,040	39,335
Different than province or territory of residence	117,325	57,635	59,690	1,545	820	725
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	727,550	344,405	383,140	10,875	5,390	5,485
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	66,805	35,720	31,085	405	215	190
Philippines	81,210	27,965	53,245	90	15	70
India	122,145	59,885	62,265	75	40	35
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	37,190	20,385	16,805	145	75	70
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	66,635	31,040	35,595	520	225	295
France	5,615	3,030	2,590	1,700	950	755
Other	347,945	166,390	181,555	7,930	3,870	4,060
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,900	197,225	95,560	101,665
In the labour force	3,234,350	1,670,030	1,564,315	127,355	65,175	62,185
Employed	2,984,990	1,546,745	1,438,250	118,070	60,210	57,855
Unemployed	249,360	123,290	126,070	9,285	4,955	4,325
Not in the labour force	1,644,740	675,160	969,585	69,870	30,390	39,485
Participation rate	66.3	71.2	61.7	64.6	68.2	61.2
Employment rate	61.2	66.0	56.8	59.9	63.0	56.9
Unemployment rate	7.7	7.4	8.1	7.3	7.6	7.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,905	197,225	95,565	101,665
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	1,592,740	654,475	938,270	66,545	28,660	37,885
Worked	3,286,350	1,690,715	1,595,635	130,680	66,905	63,780
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	1,694,705	941,950	752,765	63,105	34,310	28,800
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	1,591,645	748,775	842,875	67,580	32,595	34,980
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.6	43.3	41.9	42.8	43.1	42.5
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	3,234,350	1,670,035	1,564,320	127,355	65,170	62,185
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,210	41,705	48,505	3,480	1,635	1,845
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,325	1,515,815	123,875	63,535	60,335
Employee	2,744,970	1,368,035	1,376,935	111,840	56,280	55,560
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	399,170	260,290	138,885	12,035	7,255	4,775
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	3,234,355	1,670,030	1,564,320	127,360	65,170	62,180
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,215	41,710	48,505	3,485	1,635	1,850
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,325	1,515,815	123,875	63,540	60,335
0 Management occupations	376,890	228,640	148,255	10,850	6,500	4,355
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	576,955	203,575	373,375	23,105	7,480	15,625
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	269,965	206,395	63,570	9,645	7,525	2,120
3 Health occupations	173,475	41,565	131,915	8,775	1,440	7,330
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	357,990	109,080	248,905	13,355	3,710	9,650
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	127,395	62,535	64,855	4,290	2,090	2,200
6 Sales and service occupations	735,270	338,725	396,550	31,680	15,160	16,525
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	351,740	327,065	24,675	16,585	15,620	965
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	24,245	19,360	4,885	705	635	70
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	150,215	91,390	58,825	4,885	3,380	1,505
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	3,234,350	1,670,035	1,564,315	127,355	65,170	62,185
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,210	41,710	48,505	3,485	1,635	1,850
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,320	1,515,815	123,870	63,540	60,335
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	9,410	5,515	3,890	310	195	115
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	4,500	3,110	1,395	115	60	55
22 Utilities	15,860	10,905	4,955	1,165	725	445
23 Construction	191,430	166,670	24,750	6,745	5,950	790
31-33 Manufacturing	285,825	188,490	97,335	12,070	8,550	3,520
41 Wholesale trade	143,725	88,880	54,845	4,845	3,245	1,600
44-45 Retail trade	338,675	161,855	176,820	16,450	7,850	8,600
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	168,165	123,115	45,050	6,285	4,880	1,400
51 Information and cultural industries	106,940	61,970	44,970	4,215	2,515	1,700
52 Finance and insurance	247,475	118,710	128,760	6,450	2,445	4,005
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	82,665	44,590	38,075	1,995	1,240	750
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	339,305	191,155	148,150	9,920	5,585	4,335
55 Management of companies and enterprises	8,680	3,615	5,065	95	40	60
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	162,185	89,190	72,995	6,300	3,940	2,360
61 Educational services	229,025	70,820	158,200	8,090	2,700	5,385
62 Health care and social assistance	287,975	58,110	229,865	16,240	2,770	13,465
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	63,745	33,560	30,185	2,680	1,440	1,240
72 Accommodation and food services	204,315	93,560	110,760	8,070	3,920	4,150
81 Other services (except public administration)	134,570	56,235	78,335	5,490	2,400	3,095
91 Public administration	119,675	58,255	61,415	6,335	3,080	3,260
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	2,984,990	1,546,745	1,438,245	118,075	60,215	57,855
Worked at home	218,365	111,020	107,345	6,325	3,085	3,240
Worked outside Canada	19,580	13,225	6,350	340	235	105
No fixed workplace address	346,205	246,815	99,395	10,425	7,870	2,560
Worked at usual place	2,400,845	1,175,685	1,225,160	100,980	49,030	51,955
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	2,400,850	1,175,685	1,225,160	100,980	49,025	51,955
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,353,665	614,770	738,890	34,460	14,700	19,755
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	243,620	119,725	123,890	18,490	9,030	9,465
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	798,155	437,940	360,215	47,810	25,165	22,645
Commute to a different province or territory	5,410	3,250	2,160	225	135	80
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	2,747,050	1,422,500	1,324,550	111,405	56,895	54,515
Car, truck, van - as a driver	1,714,795	982,905	731,890	75,600	41,560	34,040
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	154,360	56,295	98,065	3,560	1,255	2,305
Public transit	667,255	281,110	386,145	25,565	10,710	14,860
Walked	144,135	64,380	79,750	4,240	1,710	2,525
Bicycle	39,320	24,920	14,395	1,680	1,260	425
Other method	27,190	12,890	14,300	760	410	355
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	2,747,050	1,422,500	1,324,550	111,410	56,895	54,515
Less than 15 minutes	391,400	177,910	213,490	21,220	9,435	11,785
15 to 29 minutes	783,980	398,445	385,535	37,690	19,550	18,140
30 to 44 minutes	726,575	394,790	331,790	26,105	14,785	11,320
45 to 59 minutes	372,095	198,325	173,770	14,665	7,340	7,320
60 minutes and over	473,000	253,030	219,970	11,730	5,785	5,945
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	2,747,055	1,422,500	1,324,555	111,410	56,895	54,510
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	158,945	113,980	44,970	8,700	6,455	2,245
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	416,640	250,560	166,080	21,480	12,630	8,845
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	699,920	339,560	360,360	31,930	14,060	17,870
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	649,740	299,940	349,800	19,925	8,315	11,610
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	404,420	192,285	212,135	11,220	5,040	6,175
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	417,380	226,175	191,205	18,155	10,390	7,765
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	3,404,195	1,747,775	1,656,415	134,410	68,725	65,690
Single responses	3,323,390	1,708,945	1,614,450	122,870	62,360	60,510
Official languages	3,230,665	1,659,815	1,570,850	122,250	62,065	60,185
English	3,218,730	1,656,605	1,562,120	10,910	5,905	5,005
French	11,940	3,210	8,725	111,340	56,160	55,175
Non-official languages	92,725	49,125	43,600	615	290	330
Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	92,715	49,125	43,590	620	290	325
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,865	1,065	805	45	20	25
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	100	45	60	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	15	10	0	0	0	0
Somali	85	30	55	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,755	1,020	735	50	25	20
Amharic	55	20	35	0	0	0
Arabic	1,165	760	405	40	25	20
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	110	75	30	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	360	115	245	0	0	10
Maltese	25	15	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	45	25	20	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,780	740	1,045	35	15	20
Khmer (Cambodian)	45	30	25	0	0	0
Vietnamese	1,735	715	1,025	30	15	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,105	415	690	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	10	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	35	15	20	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	40	15	20	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	990	370	615	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	25	20	10	10	0	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	20	15	10	0	0	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	1,910	905	1,000	0	0	0
Kannada	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	55	30	30	0	0	0
Tamil	1,815	870	945	0	0	0
Telugu	35	0	25	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	27,005	14,870	12,135	270	110	160
Albanian	210	125	85	0	0	0
Armenian	140	65	70	10	0	10
Balto-Slavic languages	5,315	2,575	2,745	30	10	20
Baltic languages	55	20	30	0	0	0
Latvian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	45	15	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5,260	2,550	2,710	30	15	20
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	45	30	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	115	75	40	0	0	0
Croatian	95	55	35	0	0	0
Czech	15	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	80	35	40	0	0	0
Polish	1,490	800	690	0	0	0
Russian	2,515	1,095	1,415	35	15	20
Serbian	160	110	55	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	20	10	0	0	0	0
Slovak	45	30	15	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	680	290	390	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	380	145	230	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	20	0	10	0	0	0
Dutch	60	40	25	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	240	70	165	0	0	0
Icelandic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Swedish	20	10	15	10	10	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	340	190	155	15	0	10
Indo-Iranian languages	10,855	6,035	4,815	25	20	10
Indo-Aryan languages	8,405	4,500	3,905	10	0	0
Bengali	300	145	155	0	10	0
Gujarati	615	210	405	0	0	0
Hindi	740	355	385	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	10	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	10	15	0	0	0
Nepali	60	20	35	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5,635	3,250	2,385	0	0	0
Sindhi	20	10	15	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	20	15	10	0	0	0
Urdu	985	480	505	0	0	0
Iranian languages	2,445	1,535	910	25	15	10
Kurdish	85	75	10	0	0	0
Pashto	10	10	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	2,350	1,460	890	20	20	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	9,760	5,730	4,030	180	70	110
Catalan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	775	415	355	0	0	0
Portuguese	5,070	3,365	1,705	25	10	20
Romanian	245	105	140	0	10	10
Spanish	3,660	1,840	1,820	145	55	90
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	775	250	520	20	0	20
Kartvelian languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Georgian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Korean	4,265	2,155	2,105	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	70	35	35	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	15	0	15	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	20	15	10	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	10	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	350	140	210	10	0	10
American Sign Language	245	80	170	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	110	65	45	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	52,745	28,050	24,695	200	120	80
Chinese languages	52,700	28,020	24,675	200	120	80
Cantonese	25,335	13,205	12,130	65	50	15
Hakka	35	10	25	0	0	0
Mandarin	26,135	14,210	11,930	125	65	60
Min Dong	25	15	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	220	145	75	10	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	30	20	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	910	420	490	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	50	30	20	0	0	0
Burmese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	40	25	15	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	70	30	40	15	0	10
Lao	10	0	10	15	0	10
Thai	65	30	30	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	415	285	130	10	10	0
Azerbaijani	10	10	0	10	0	0
Turkish	400	270	130	10	0	0
Uyghur	0	10	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	305	140	165	0	0	0
Estonian	50	15	35	0	0	0
Finnish	45	10	35	0	0	0
Hungarian	220	125	95	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple responses	80,805	38,835	41,970	11,545	6,370	5,180
English and French	16,405	6,285	10,115	10,740	5,970	4,770
English and non-official language	63,155	31,990	31,165	180	90	90
French and non-official language	85	45	40	270	120	150
English, French and non-official language	1,160	510	645	355	190	165
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	3,404,200	1,747,780	1,656,420	134,410	68,725	65,690
None	3,137,830	1,614,155	1,523,680	85,170	43,085	42,085
English	44,560	21,510	23,050	39,920	20,750	19,170
French	47,885	20,415	27,475	7,410	3,940	3,470
Non-official language	169,430	89,575	79,855	1,220	590	625
Aboriginal	155	50	105	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	169,270	89,525	79,750	1,215	590	625
English and French	85	45	45	35	20	20
English and non-official language	1,225	585	640	545	275	270
French and non-official language	3,160	1,480	1,675	115	60	55
English, French and non-official language	25	20	0	0	10	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	5,802,555	2,819,345	2,983,215	232,365	113,540	118,820
Non-movers	5,070,300	2,459,065	2,611,235	202,820	99,090	103,735
Movers	732,260	360,275	371,980	29,540	14,450	15,090
Non-migrants	433,235	212,190	221,040	16,660	8,095	8,570
Migrants	299,025	148,080	150,940	12,875	6,360	6,520
Internal migrants	194,570	96,145	98,430	10,875	5,325	5,555
Intraprovincial migrants	168,510	83,115	85,395	10,375	5,060	5,310
Interprovincial migrants	26,065	13,030	13,030	500	265	240
External migrants	104,455	51,940	52,515	1,995	1,035	970
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	5,553,650	2,691,730	2,861,915	221,585	108,075	113,510
Non-movers	3,411,530	1,646,850	1,764,680	134,060	65,270	68,795
Movers	2,142,120	1,044,880	1,097,235	87,520	42,805	44,715
Non-migrants	1,174,140	570,770	603,370	48,240	23,660	24,580
Migrants	967,975	474,110	493,860	39,280	19,145	20,135
Internal migrants	577,355	282,680	294,680	30,920	15,175	15,745
Intraprovincial migrants	510,305	250,225	260,080	29,915	14,660	15,260
Interprovincial migrants	67,050	32,450	34,600	1,005	520	485
External migrants	390,620	191,435	199,185	8,355	3,965	4,390