Census Profile, 2016 Census
Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario and Markham, City [Census subdivision], Ontario

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Toronto Ontario [Census metropolitan area]			Markham, CY Ontario [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario  Map : Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Markham, City [Census subdivision], Ontario  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	5,928,040	...	...	328,966	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	5,583,064	...	...	301,709	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	6.2	...	...	9.0	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	2,235,145	...	...	106,131	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	2,135,909	...	...	102,676	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,003.8	...	...	1,549.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	5,905.84	...	...	212.35	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	5,928,040	2,876,755	3,051,290	328,965	160,185	168,780
0 to 14 years	985,615	505,690	479,920	55,390	28,570	26,815
0 to 4 years	310,070	158,835	151,235	17,085	8,715	8,370
5 to 9 years	338,320	173,665	164,660	19,085	9,905	9,180
10 to 14 years	337,220	173,190	164,035	19,220	9,950	9,270
15 to 64 years	4,083,850	1,988,910	2,094,935	223,655	108,230	115,420
15 to 19 years	366,525	188,790	177,735	21,095	10,910	10,185
20 to 24 years	411,945	210,445	201,500	21,455	11,225	10,230
25 to 29 years	424,345	209,785	214,560	21,170	10,705	10,460
30 to 34 years	419,845	201,620	218,220	20,385	9,840	10,550
35 to 39 years	406,175	190,620	215,555	20,345	9,305	11,035
40 to 44 years	414,490	195,580	218,910	23,535	10,785	12,745
45 to 49 years	440,145	210,225	229,920	24,860	11,650	13,210
50 to 54 years	460,465	225,115	235,350	25,980	12,400	13,580
55 to 59 years	407,175	198,170	209,005	23,510	11,235	12,270
60 to 64 years	332,740	158,560	174,175	21,325	10,175	11,150
65 years and over	858,580	382,150	476,435	49,920	23,380	26,540
65 to 69 years	280,910	132,275	148,635	18,215	8,835	9,380
70 to 74 years	197,490	91,745	105,745	11,865	5,710	6,150
75 to 79 years	151,925	68,045	83,880	8,645	4,130	4,510
80 to 84 years	113,220	49,005	64,215	5,885	2,685	3,195
85 years and over	115,030	41,080	73,955	5,320	2,020	3,300
85 to 89 years	72,340	28,160	44,175	3,395	1,370	2,025
90 to 94 years	33,400	10,570	22,835	1,475	505	965
95 to 99 years	8,030	2,115	5,915	390	120	270
100 years and over	1,270	230	1,040	60	15	40
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	17.6	15.7	16.8	17.8	15.9
15 to 64 years	68.9	69.1	68.7	68.0	67.6	68.4
65 years and over	14.5	13.3	15.6	15.2	14.6	15.7
85 years and over	1.9	1.4	2.4	1.6	1.3	2.0
Average age of the population	39.7	38.7	40.6	40.2	39.3	41.1
Median age of the population	39.4	38.2	40.4	41.1	39.8	42.1
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	2,135,910	...	...	102,675	...	...
Single-detached house	846,405	...	...	60,890	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	626,905	...	...	13,755	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	661,955	...	...	28,025	...	...
Semi-detached house	158,815	...	...	6,515	...	...
Row house	195,245	...	...	13,970	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	89,975	...	...	5,875	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	214,365	...	...	1,655	...	...
Other single-attached house	3,555	...	...	10	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	640	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	2,135,910	...	...	102,675	...	...
1 person	519,795	...	...	13,790	...	...
2 persons	598,700	...	...	25,955	...	...
3 persons	373,775	...	...	21,540	...	...
4 persons	377,170	...	...	23,450	...	...
5 or more persons	266,470	...	...	17,940	...	...
Number of persons in private households	5,862,855	...	...	327,400	...	...
Average household size	2.7	...	...	3.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	4,942,430	2,371,060	2,571,365	273,575	131,615	141,965
Married or living common law	2,758,170	1,378,855	1,379,315	170,415	84,750	85,665
Married	2,466,925	1,230,930	1,235,995	162,185	80,645	81,535
Living common law	291,240	147,925	143,320	8,230	4,105	4,125
Not married and not living common law	2,184,260	992,210	1,192,050	103,160	46,865	56,295
Never married	1,537,495	798,270	739,220	73,855	38,935	34,915
Separated	130,030	51,235	78,795	4,790	1,760	3,025
Divorced	271,530	97,385	174,150	12,235	4,055	8,185
Widowed	245,200	45,310	199,890	12,280	2,115	10,165
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	1,625,790	...	...	95,480	...	...
2 persons	682,915	...	...	35,780	...	...
3 persons	397,625	...	...	25,420	...	...
4 persons	391,440	...	...	26,175	...	...
5 or more persons	153,805	...	...	8,095	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	1,625,790	...	...	95,480	...	...
Total couple families	1,333,645	...	...	82,340	...	...
Married couples	1,188,130	...	...	78,225	...	...
Common-law couples	145,515	...	...	4,115	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	292,150	...	...	13,145	...	...
Female parent	241,820	...	...	10,700	...	...
Male parent	50,325	...	...	2,445	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	1,333,645	...	...	82,335	...	...
Couples without children	509,835	...	...	27,935	...	...
Couples with children	823,805	...	...	54,400	...	...
1 child	312,605	...	...	21,305	...	...
2 children	366,295	...	...	25,220	...	...
3 or more children	144,910	...	...	7,880	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	292,145	...	...	13,140	...	...
1 child	173,080	...	...	7,845	...	...
2 children	85,025	...	...	4,115	...	...
3 or more children	34,040	...	...	1,180	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	923,210	415,830	507,380	32,640	13,180	19,460
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	2,135,910	...	...	102,675	...	...
One-census-family households	1,430,535	...	...	78,515	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	434,860	...	...	20,915	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	995,670	...	...	57,600	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	93,790	...	...	8,165	...	...
Non-census-family households	611,585	...	...	16,000	...	...
One-person households	519,790	...	...	13,790	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	91,795	...	...	2,210	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,885	327,785	159,850	167,930
English only	5,154,905	2,553,030	2,601,880	275,720	137,435	138,280
French only	4,855	2,035	2,815	125	50	70
English and French	464,980	201,080	263,900	19,155	8,335	10,820
Neither English nor French	258,925	102,635	156,290	32,795	14,035	18,760
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	5,883,665	2,858,785	3,024,885	327,790	159,850	167,935
English	5,503,690	2,700,905	2,802,785	290,225	143,645	146,580
French	72,790	33,545	39,245	2,180	1,000	1,180
English and French	51,895	23,470	28,425	2,995	1,360	1,635
Neither English nor French	255,295	100,870	154,430	32,385	13,855	18,540
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	98,735	45,280	53,455	3,675	1,675	2,000
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	1.7	1.6	1.8	1.1	1.0	1.2
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,880	327,785	159,850	167,935
Single responses	5,645,915	2,743,825	2,902,090	313,580	152,945	160,630
Official languages	3,127,355	1,550,385	1,576,970	116,085	58,910	57,170
English	3,061,820	1,520,045	1,541,775	114,200	58,060	56,140
French	65,535	30,340	35,195	1,880	845	1,035
Non-official languages	2,518,555	1,193,440	1,325,120	197,500	94,035	103,460
Aboriginal languages	575	255	325	5	0	5
Algonquian languages	400	175	230	0	0	0
Blackfoot	5	10	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	115	45	70	0	0	0
Atikamekw	5	0	5	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	10	0	10	0	0	0
Naskapi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	10	0	5	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	30	10	20	0	0	0
Woods Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	55	20	35	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	25	10	15	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	250	115	140	0	0	0
Algonquin	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	230	105	120	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	25	10	15	5	5	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	25	10	15	5	0	5
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	5	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dene	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	5	5	5	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	30	10	20	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	20	5	10	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	15	10	5	0	0	0
Oneida	5	0	5	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	5	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	5	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	5	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	80	40	40	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,517,980	1,193,185	1,324,795	197,490	94,035	103,455
Afro-Asiatic languages	140,140	69,950	70,195	3,350	1,645	1,705
Berber languages	220	130	90	5	5	0
Kabyle	105	60	50	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	115	70	45	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	14,405	6,195	8,205	140	60	75
Bilen	80	45	35	0	0	0
Oromo	1,005	490	515	10	5	0
Somali	13,255	5,625	7,630	130	55	75
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	65	35	30	0	0	0
Semitic languages	125,160	63,435	61,725	3,210	1,580	1,625
Amharic	7,460	3,375	4,085	55	25	30
Arabic	85,175	43,805	41,365	2,720	1,345	1,370
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10,195	4,985	5,215	15	10	5
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	1,845	920	925	5	0	0
Harari	930	435	490	40	20	25
Hebrew	10,390	5,560	4,830	305	145	160
Maltese	3,525	1,730	1,795	45	20	25
Tigrigna	4,725	2,160	2,560	20	10	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	925	465	460	10	5	5
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	355	185	175	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	51,160	23,360	27,800	1,170	525	640
Khmer (Cambodian)	3,090	1,400	1,690	45	20	25
Vietnamese	48,005	21,935	26,070	1,125	510	615
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	65	25	40	0	0	5
Austronesian languages	160,980	63,835	97,150	5,515	2,170	3,345
Bikol	470	210	260	15	10	5
Cebuano	5,080	2,020	3,055	150	50	100
Fijian	55	25	25	5	0	5
Hiligaynon	2,320	890	1,435	70	25	45
Ilocano	9,415	3,685	5,735	215	80	135
Malagasy	25	15	15	0	0	0
Malay	4,420	1,995	2,430	335	155	185
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,305	580	725	40	15	25
Pangasinan	450	185	270	10	5	5
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	136,115	53,725	82,385	4,640	1,815	2,825
Waray-Waray	315	105	205	10	5	5
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,015	400	610	20	10	15
Creole languages	5,505	2,575	2,930	215	115	100
Haitian Creole	200	95	110	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	3,380	1,600	1,785	165	80	85
Creole languages, n.i.e.	1,920	875	1,040	55	30	20
Dravidian languages	133,415	65,680	67,740	15,620	7,510	8,115
Kannada	2,025	1,015	1,010	85	45	40
Malayalam	12,530	6,430	6,100	575	285	290
Tamil	109,580	53,225	56,355	14,625	7,015	7,610
Telugu	9,015	4,880	4,135	330	160	175
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	275	135	140	10	5	0
Hmong-Mien languages	25	10	15	5	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,372,335	664,655	707,680	44,775	21,825	22,950
Albanian	13,260	6,615	6,645	100	50	45
Armenian	12,570	6,070	6,505	1,355	675	680
Balto-Slavic languages	261,650	119,970	141,685	5,030	2,340	2,685
Baltic languages	5,445	2,185	3,260	110	50	65
Latvian	2,255	905	1,350	60	25	40
Lithuanian	3,185	1,280	1,910	50	20	30
Slavic languages	256,205	117,785	138,420	4,915	2,290	2,620
Belarusan	355	170	185	10	5	5
Bosnian	2,750	1,330	1,415	25	10	15
Bulgarian	6,945	3,350	3,590	155	75	85
Croatian	16,525	7,925	8,595	100	45	55
Czech	4,795	2,215	2,580	80	40	40
Macedonian	12,010	5,700	6,315	1,185	580	605
Polish	69,860	31,625	38,240	605	270	330
Russian	83,105	37,735	45,375	1,995	880	1,115
Serbian	21,420	10,425	10,995	340	185	160
Serbo-Croatian	2,420	1,130	1,290	30	15	15
Slovak	5,260	2,455	2,800	80	35	45
Slovene (Slovenian)	3,705	1,630	2,075	65	35	35
Ukrainian	26,550	11,840	14,710	230	110	120
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	510	265	245	10	5	10
Celtic languages	460	210	250	15	5	5
Scottish Gaelic	165	75	90	5	0	0
Welsh	150	65	85	10	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	140	75	70	5	0	0
Germanic languages	45,990	20,810	25,180	1,455	695	760
Afrikaans	985	475	510	35	15	20
Danish	1,570	710	855	50	35	15
Dutch	8,585	4,045	4,540	245	120	125
Frisian	135	60	75	5	0	0
German	29,425	13,140	16,285	930	435	495
Icelandic	85	40	45	0	0	0
Norwegian	380	170	210	10	5	5
Swedish	1,140	485	660	35	20	15
Vlaams (Flemish)	280	110	170	5	0	5
Yiddish	3,355	1,555	1,800	145	65	80
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	50	20	25	0	5	0
Greek	41,225	20,005	21,215	2,455	1,210	1,240
Indo-Iranian languages	589,495	296,750	292,745	26,935	13,240	13,695
Indo-Aryan languages	476,470	239,960	236,510	19,155	9,370	9,785
Bengali	38,325	19,275	19,045	655	330	325
Gujarati	64,115	32,120	31,995	4,510	2,185	2,325
Hindi	48,140	24,165	23,975	2,415	1,175	1,245
Kashmiri	275	140	140	15	5	10
Konkani	2,155	1,020	1,135	95	35	55
Marathi	4,465	2,270	2,200	230	110	120
Nepali	4,685	2,350	2,330	50	20	25
Oriya (Odia)	585	315	270	15	5	10
Punjabi (Panjabi)	171,230	86,995	84,230	3,780	1,860	1,915
Sindhi	5,800	2,720	3,085	655	310	345
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	7,860	3,805	4,055	360	160	200
Urdu	128,845	64,790	64,060	6,380	3,170	3,210
Iranian languages	111,100	55,775	55,330	7,695	3,825	3,870
Kurdish	2,775	1,555	1,220	85	45	40
Pashto	7,685	3,960	3,730	330	160	175
Persian (Farsi)	100,640	50,255	50,380	7,285	3,620	3,660
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	1,920	1,020	910	85	45	40
Italic (Romance) languages	407,685	194,225	213,460	7,430	3,600	3,830
Catalan	165	90	75	10	0	10
Italian	151,415	72,645	78,770	3,690	1,800	1,885
Portuguese	104,305	50,075	54,235	695	330	365
Romanian	25,075	11,670	13,400	945	470	475
Spanish	126,500	59,645	66,860	2,085	990	1,090
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	225	105	125	10	5	5
Japanese	9,650	3,370	6,280	435	160	270
Kartvelian languages	1,110	595	515	40	25	15
Georgian	1,110	595	515	40	25	15
Korean	55,005	25,250	29,750	3,230	1,520	1,715
Mongolic languages	345	155	190	10	5	5
Mongolian	345	155	190	10	5	5
Niger-Congo languages	24,130	11,310	12,820	295	135	165
Akan (Twi)	8,490	3,905	4,580	70	25	35
Bamanankan	60	30	30	0	0	0
Edo	1,020	410	610	10	10	5
Ewe	370	185	190	0	5	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	220	115	105	0	5	0
Ga	440	200	245	5	5	0
Ganda	515	245	270	0	0	0
Igbo	1,520	775	750	35	15	20
Lingala	375	175	200	5	5	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	355	165	185	5	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	380	175	210	10	0	5
Shona	680	325	355	10	0	10
Swahili	3,215	1,495	1,715	75	35	45
Wolof	160	90	80	0	0	5
Yoruba	3,380	1,720	1,655	30	15	15
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	2,945	1,310	1,635	35	20	20
Nilo-Saharan languages	360	200	160	10	0	5
Dinka	45	25	15	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	315	170	145	10	0	0
Sign languages	1,220	665	555	55	30	25
American Sign Language	470	250	220	5	5	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	750	420	330	45	25	25
Sino-Tibetan languages	516,670	239,930	276,740	121,410	57,720	63,690
Chinese languages	510,185	236,775	273,415	121,315	57,670	63,645
Cantonese	247,710	115,020	132,680	72,620	34,645	37,975
Hakka	6,495	2,915	3,580	2,235	1,045	1,190
Mandarin	227,085	105,655	121,435	41,790	19,825	21,970
Min Dong	765	370	395	225	100	120
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	11,580	5,345	6,235	2,000	950	1,050
Wu (Shanghainese)	5,290	2,380	2,910	940	410	530
Chinese, n.o.s.	11,075	4,995	6,080	1,480	685	800
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	190	95	95	20	15	10
Tibeto-Burman languages	6,485	3,160	3,325	100	45	50
Burmese	1,005	450	555	85	40	40
Karenic languages	265	125	140	0	0	0
Tibetan	4,875	2,410	2,470	10	5	5
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	335	175	160	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages	3,935	1,600	2,340	160	60	95
Lao	2,275	1,095	1,180	80	40	40
Thai	1,640	495	1,145	70	20	50
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	25	10	15	5	0	0
Turkic languages	16,700	8,685	8,015	485	260	230
Azerbaijani	1,615	865	745	95	50	45
Turkish	13,700	7,145	6,550	360	195	170
Uyghur	385	195	195	0	0	0
Uzbek	595	300	295	5	0	5
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	405	180	225	20	10	10
Uralic languages	24,330	10,880	13,455	705	325	380
Estonian	2,685	1,100	1,585	80	35	45
Finnish	2,515	1,010	1,505	105	45	65
Hungarian	19,130	8,765	10,360	515	245	270
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	960	495	465	15	10	5
Multiple responses	237,755	114,960	122,795	14,210	6,910	7,300
English and French	14,945	6,895	8,050	590	260	325
English and non-official language	210,320	102,445	107,880	12,985	6,335	6,650
French and non-official language	6,050	2,715	3,330	245	125	115
English, French and non-official language	6,440	2,910	3,535	395	180	210
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,880	327,785	159,855	167,935
Single responses	5,321,900	2,588,170	2,733,730	291,540	142,190	149,355
Official languages	3,866,565	1,899,565	1,966,995	156,995	78,245	78,745
English	3,836,765	1,885,800	1,950,970	156,215	77,900	78,315
French	29,795	13,770	16,030	785	350	430
Non-official languages	1,455,335	688,605	766,730	134,545	63,940	70,605
Aboriginal languages	160	85	80	5	0	5
Algonquian languages	80	40	35	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	5	10	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	45	20	20	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	35	20	15	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	15	5	5	5	5	5
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Gwich'in	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	5	0	0
Inuit languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	15	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	5	0	5	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	5	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	50	25	30	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,455,175	688,520	766,655	134,540	63,935	70,605
Afro-Asiatic languages	74,095	35,480	38,615	1,445	670	775
Berber languages	65	30	30	0	0	0
Kabyle	35	15	15	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	35	15	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	8,380	3,530	4,850	60	25	35
Bilen	40	15	20	0	0	0
Oromo	545	250	290	5	5	0
Somali	7,765	3,250	4,520	55	20	35
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	30	15	20	0	0	0
Semitic languages	65,465	31,830	33,635	1,375	640	730
Amharic	3,815	1,680	2,135	25	10	15
Arabic	45,020	22,145	22,875	1,200	560	640
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	6,790	3,255	3,535	5	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	1,095	535	560	0	5	5
Harari	520	235	285	15	10	5
Hebrew	4,395	2,265	2,135	110	50	55
Maltese	875	395	475	5	0	5
Tigrigna	2,480	1,085	1,395	10	10	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	480	225	250	5	0	5
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	185	90	95	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	33,450	15,260	18,190	430	210	225
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,655	725	935	20	10	10
Vietnamese	31,760	14,525	17,235	415	200	215
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	30	15	20	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	72,495	30,930	41,570	2,035	875	1,160
Bikol	85	35	45	5	0	5
Cebuano	1,875	810	1,065	50	15	35
Fijian	10	10	5	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	780	335	445	25	10	15
Ilocano	3,455	1,480	1,970	45	15	30
Malagasy	10	5	5	0	0	0
Malay	1,455	705	750	100	55	50
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	405	180	225	5	5	5
Pangasinan	80	35	40	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	63,985	27,170	36,815	1,800	775	1,030
Waray-Waray	75	30	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	285	135	150	0	0	0
Creole languages	2,845	1,315	1,535	125	65	60
Haitian Creole	120	55	60	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	1,950	900	1,050	95	50	45
Creole languages, n.i.e.	780	355	425	30	20	10
Dravidian languages	88,295	42,605	45,695	10,225	4,815	5,410
Kannada	830	415	410	40	15	25
Malayalam	6,400	3,260	3,140	250	130	125
Tamil	76,095	36,265	39,830	9,780	4,595	5,190
Telugu	4,870	2,615	2,255	150	80	75
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	95	40	50	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	723,495	347,435	376,055	22,550	10,790	11,765
Albanian	6,385	3,195	3,190	40	20	20
Armenian	7,475	3,530	3,940	760	385	375
Balto-Slavic languages	135,230	63,280	71,950	2,325	1,100	1,225
Baltic languages	1,640	680	960	30	10	15
Latvian	600	245	355	15	5	5
Lithuanian	1,045	440	605	10	0	5
Slavic languages	133,590	62,600	70,995	2,295	1,090	1,210
Belarusan	125	60	65	0	0	0
Bosnian	1,330	645	690	5	5	5
Bulgarian	3,860	1,875	1,980	45	20	25
Croatian	5,940	2,845	3,095	25	15	10
Czech	1,415	685	730	15	5	10
Macedonian	4,970	2,355	2,615	445	205	235
Polish	33,325	15,550	17,775	225	110	115
Russian	53,675	24,950	28,720	1,310	605	700
Serbian	12,200	5,910	6,290	150	80	65
Serbo-Croatian	935	435	500	10	5	5
Slovak	2,290	1,115	1,175	10	5	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	890	385	500	10	5	10
Ukrainian	12,515	5,720	6,790	55	30	25
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	135	55	80	0	0	0
Celtic languages	65	35	30	5	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	25	15	10	0	0	0
Welsh	20	5	10	5	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5,315	2,430	2,885	135	60	70
Afrikaans	265	125	145	10	5	5
Danish	135	65	75	0	0	0
Dutch	655	300	350	15	10	10
Frisian	5	0	0	0	0	0
German	3,590	1,625	1,965	100	45	50
Icelandic	20	5	15	0	0	0
Norwegian	45	15	20	0	0	0
Swedish	220	100	120	10	5	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	25	15	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	350	175	175	0	0	5
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Greek	16,940	7,905	9,035	845	405	440
Indo-Iranian languages	367,340	181,800	185,540	15,580	7,500	8,085
Indo-Aryan languages	292,940	145,580	147,360	10,160	4,860	5,300
Bengali	24,615	12,140	12,470	360	170	190
Gujarati	38,265	18,750	19,515	2,455	1,155	1,300
Hindi	23,995	11,925	12,065	1,110	530	580
Kashmiri	50	25	25	10	0	5
Konkani	440	215	230	15	10	5
Marathi	2,000	1,030	970	100	50	55
Nepali	3,085	1,560	1,525	25	10	15
Oriya (Odia)	270	135	140	10	5	5
Punjabi (Panjabi)	116,045	58,355	57,690	2,180	1,030	1,145
Sindhi	2,485	1,140	1,350	240	110	130
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	3,580	1,750	1,825	120	55	65
Urdu	78,105	38,560	39,550	3,540	1,735	1,805
Iranian languages	73,635	35,825	37,805	5,385	2,625	2,765
Kurdish	1,470	795	675	45	25	25
Pashto	4,850	2,430	2,415	190	80	105
Persian (Farsi)	67,315	32,600	34,715	5,150	2,515	2,635
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	770	395	375	30	15	15
Italic (Romance) languages	184,745	85,260	99,480	2,865	1,315	1,545
Catalan	80	40	45	5	0	5
Italian	51,815	22,250	29,560	1,095	465	625
Portuguese	50,210	24,070	26,135	210	100	110
Romanian	12,200	5,660	6,540	475	235	240
Spanish	70,370	33,205	37,165	1,080	515	565
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	65	30	35	0	0	0
Japanese	4,550	1,950	2,600	215	95	125
Kartvelian languages	745	405	335	20	15	10
Georgian	745	405	335	20	15	10
Korean	38,435	17,960	20,475	2,255	1,070	1,180
Mongolic languages	200	100	95	5	5	5
Mongolian	200	100	95	5	5	0
Niger-Congo languages	8,925	3,985	4,945	75	30	40
Akan (Twi)	4,040	1,745	2,300	25	10	15
Bamanankan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Edo	295	115	175	0	0	0
Ewe	95	40	55	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	75	35	40	0	0	0
Ga	150	65	85	5	0	0
Ganda	155	70	85	0	0	0
Igbo	410	205	205	0	5	5
Lingala	95	40	55	5	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	125	60	65	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	115	50	65	5	0	5
Shona	235	115	125	5	0	0
Swahili	1,225	540	690	25	10	15
Wolof	80	45	35	0	0	5
Yoruba	1,080	520	560	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	735	330	405	0	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	90	45	45	5	0	5
Dinka	15	5	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	75	40	40	5	0	5
Sign languages	1,910	1,085	825	75	40	40
American Sign Language	720	375	345	10	5	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	5	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	1,190	710	480	70	35	35
Sino-Tibetan languages	385,150	180,140	205,005	94,600	45,035	49,560
Chinese languages	380,550	177,880	202,675	94,560	45,020	49,540
Cantonese	182,755	84,030	98,725	56,750	26,825	29,935
Hakka	2,725	1,240	1,490	985	460	530
Mandarin	179,665	85,535	94,135	34,390	16,605	17,785
Min Dong	240	105	135	70	30	45
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5,065	2,315	2,745	780	370	410
Wu (Shanghainese)	3,130	1,465	1,665	590	280	310
Chinese, n.o.s.	6,890	3,155	3,735	975	450	520
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	85	35	50	10	5	5
Tibeto-Burman languages	4,595	2,265	2,330	40	20	25
Burmese	575	260	310	35	15	20
Karenic languages	215	105	110	5	0	0
Tibetan	3,705	1,845	1,860	5	5	5
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	100	55	50	5	5	0
Tai-Kadai languages	1,635	765	865	50	30	25
Lao	1,050	505	540	30	15	10
Thai	575	255	320	20	10	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	5	5	5
Turkic languages	9,495	4,755	4,740	235	110	125
Azerbaijani	645	325	320	40	20	20
Turkish	8,155	4,070	4,090	185	85	100
Uyghur	225	120	105	0	0	0
Uzbek	315	165	145	0	0	5
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	150	70	80	10	5	5
Uralic languages	9,040	4,135	4,900	190	85	110
Estonian	650	240	410	20	10	15
Finnish	510	220	290	25	10	10
Hungarian	7,875	3,680	4,200	140	60	80
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	320	165	155	0	5	0
Multiple responses	561,765	270,615	291,155	36,250	17,670	18,580
English and French	13,015	5,965	7,055	515	245	270
English and non-official language	535,630	258,900	276,730	35,025	17,110	17,915
French and non-official language	2,390	1,055	1,340	105	45	55
English, French and non-official language	10,730	4,700	6,035	605	260	345
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,885	327,785	159,855	167,935
None	4,489,770	2,189,920	2,299,850	226,840	110,935	115,900
English	594,565	291,580	302,985	49,760	24,470	25,290
French	52,850	22,910	29,940	1,780	765	1,025
Non-official language	720,320	342,165	378,160	47,665	22,910	24,755
Aboriginal	480	205	275	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	719,840	341,955	377,885	47,665	22,910	24,755
English and French	4,015	1,855	2,165	240	100	135
English and non-official language	13,540	6,615	6,925	1,065	500	570
French and non-official language	8,355	3,630	4,730	425	175	255
English, French and non-official language	255	120	135	10	5	10
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	272,050	131,175	140,875
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,631,950	2,227,300	2,404,650	256,900	123,675	133,220
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,705	36,559	28,070	28,106	32,260	25,270
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,632,745	2,227,500	2,405,245	256,950	123,695	133,255
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,242	33,167	26,233	26,319	29,765	23,880
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,084,930	2,011,885	2,073,045	228,160	112,345	115,815
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,705	38,299	28,006	29,089	34,305	24,966
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,323,485	1,463,175	1,860,305	188,000	83,415	104,585
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	2,205	1,016	3,814	1,660	866	2,955
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,454,585	1,751,255	1,703,330	186,150	94,580	91,565
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,838	39,549	30,701	32,242	36,654	28,804
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,905	272,050	131,175	140,880
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,632,420	2,227,415	2,405,000	256,980	123,805	133,170
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	50,479	60,343	41,343	45,184	52,683	38,212
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,633,195	2,227,640	2,405,550	257,045	123,825	133,220
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,565	47,026	34,582	37,126	42,271	32,343
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,085,085	2,011,905	2,073,175	228,145	112,575	115,570
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	52,042	62,785	41,617	46,235	54,366	38,314
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,323,000	1,463,150	1,859,850	188,515	83,900	104,615
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,392	5,530	7,071	5,639	4,792	6,318
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,454,590	1,751,680	1,702,905	186,150	94,770	91,380
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	51,801	61,164	42,171	47,769	55,188	40,075
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,900	272,050	131,170	140,875
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	1,645,880	909,065	736,815	87,215	48,410	38,805
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	56,454	60,974	51,880	56,396	61,298	51,488
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	74,722	84,091	63,161	70,305	78,024	60,676
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	90.9	93.9	86.8	90.9	93.9	87.0
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	76.5	79.7	72.1	76.6	79.9	72.3
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	9.1	6.1	13.2	9.1	6.1	13.0
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,895	272,055	131,170	140,880
Without total income	247,145	117,900	129,245	15,150	7,495	7,655
With total income	4,631,950	2,227,295	2,404,655	256,900	123,675	133,225
Percentage with total income	94.9	95.0	94.9	94.4	94.3	94.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	816,625	368,835	447,795	52,490	23,470	29,020
$10,000 to $19,999	824,160	348,745	475,420	50,090	22,160	27,930
$20,000 to $29,999	589,070	254,985	334,085	30,745	13,610	17,135
$30,000 to $39,999	463,975	209,685	254,290	23,400	10,490	12,910
$40,000 to $49,999	407,495	189,100	218,390	20,120	9,220	10,900
$50,000 to $59,999	325,105	158,480	166,620	15,895	7,625	8,270
$60,000 to $69,999	258,085	134,225	123,855	13,075	6,535	6,545
$70,000 to $79,999	203,100	111,065	92,035	10,350	5,460	4,890
$80,000 to $89,999	161,920	90,560	71,355	8,590	4,780	3,815
$90,000 to $99,999	137,570	73,985	63,585	7,780	4,225	3,550
$100,000 and over	444,845	287,620	157,225	24,350	16,095	8,260
$100,000 to $149,999	272,905	168,210	104,700	16,075	10,120	5,950
$150,000 and over	171,935	119,415	52,525	8,280	5,970	2,305
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	272,050	131,170	140,880
Without after-tax income	246,350	117,700	128,650	15,105	7,480	7,620
With after-tax income	4,632,740	2,227,495	2,405,245	256,950	123,695	133,255
Percentage with after-tax income	95.0	95.0	94.9	94.4	94.3	94.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	830,700	373,605	457,095	53,325	23,740	29,590
$10,000 to $19,999	856,665	364,095	492,575	51,825	23,035	28,795
$20,000 to $29,999	673,015	294,190	378,830	34,645	15,360	19,285
$30,000 to $39,999	552,905	254,030	298,870	27,430	12,445	14,985
$40,000 to $49,999	472,370	226,445	245,925	22,785	10,735	12,055
$50,000 to $59,999	348,665	180,280	168,385	17,615	8,805	8,815
$60,000 to $69,999	256,270	141,835	114,435	13,370	7,200	6,170
$70,000 to $79,999	198,170	109,175	88,995	11,175	6,215	4,960
$80,000 and over	443,970	283,840	160,130	24,770	16,165	8,605
$80,000 to $89,999	132,515	76,100	56,410	7,845	4,600	3,250
$90,000 to $99,999	79,285	49,680	29,605	4,885	3,125	1,760
$100,000 and over	232,170	158,060	74,115	12,040	8,445	3,595
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	272,050	131,170	140,880
Without employment income	1,424,510	593,940	830,565	85,900	36,590	49,310
With employment income	3,454,590	1,751,260	1,703,330	186,145	94,580	91,565
Percentage with employment income	70.8	74.7	67.2	68.4	72.1	65.0
Under $5,000 (including loss)	432,990	203,395	229,595	23,715	10,975	12,740
$5,000 to $9,999	286,225	129,320	156,910	16,830	7,730	9,100
$10,000 to $19,999	470,970	221,325	249,645	27,765	13,580	14,185
$20,000 to $29,999	371,235	170,795	200,440	20,355	9,430	10,930
$30,000 to $39,999	336,685	157,540	179,150	17,300	8,170	9,135
$40,000 to $49,999	310,550	147,370	163,180	15,150	7,135	8,015
$50,000 to $59,999	255,620	129,510	126,105	12,415	6,135	6,275
$60,000 to $69,999	206,215	110,510	95,705	10,380	5,340	5,045
$70,000 to $79,999	166,035	93,745	72,290	8,420	4,615	3,805
$80,000 and over	618,065	387,750	230,315	33,825	21,480	12,345
$80,000 to $89,999	136,480	78,255	58,230	7,205	4,095	3,110
$90,000 to $99,999	121,935	65,620	56,320	6,910	3,765	3,145
$100,000 and over	359,645	243,875	115,775	19,705	13,615	6,085
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	2,135,910	...	...	102,675	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	78,373	...	...	89,028	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	68,632	...	...	78,472	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	519,790	...	...	13,785	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,560	...	...	40,480	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,294	...	...	35,896	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	1,616,120	...	...	88,890	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	94,463	...	...	98,526	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	82,594	...	...	86,768	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	2,135,910	...	...	102,675	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	109,480	...	...	113,087	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	87,993	...	...	92,943	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	519,930	...	...	13,735	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	55,833	...	...	55,714	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	44,755	...	...	44,957	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	1,615,980	...	...	88,940	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	126,740	...	...	121,946	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	101,904	...	...	100,353	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	2,135,910	...	...	102,675	...	...
Under $5,000	47,170	...	...	2,120	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	32,275	...	...	1,270	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	50,900	...	...	1,760	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	75,725	...	...	2,505	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	73,110	...	...	2,615	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	74,910	...	...	3,400	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	76,830	...	...	3,465	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	78,800	...	...	3,395	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	78,620	...	...	3,400	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	77,375	...	...	3,400	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	150,140	...	...	6,375	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	141,320	...	...	6,370	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	131,390	...	...	6,075	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	122,205	...	...	5,745	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	113,055	...	...	5,545	...	...
$100,000 and over	812,085	...	...	45,225	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	229,055	...	...	11,700	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	167,755	...	...	9,190	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	200,605	...	...	11,950	...	...
$200,000 and over	214,660	...	...	12,385	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	2,135,905	...	...	102,675	...	...
Under $5,000	49,905	...	...	2,280	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	32,655	...	...	1,295	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	51,760	...	...	1,780	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	78,605	...	...	2,615	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	80,190	...	...	2,805	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	82,520	...	...	3,660	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	87,360	...	...	3,820	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	92,550	...	...	3,850	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	95,185	...	...	4,010	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	93,510	...	...	3,850	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	179,885	...	...	7,830	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	165,340	...	...	7,400	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	153,020	...	...	7,295	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	136,810	...	...	6,755	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	118,465	...	...	6,220	...	...
$100,000 and over	638,165	...	...	37,220	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	229,315	...	...	12,615	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	149,930	...	...	9,070	...	...
$150,000 and over	258,915	...	...	15,535	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	1,557,640	...	...	88,385	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	94,132	...	...	96,829	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	82,232	...	...	85,237	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.3	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	423,565	...	...	20,330	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	85,201	...	...	80,300	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,904	...	...	70,709	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	822,810	...	...	54,185	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	114,050	...	...	113,041	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,699	...	...	98,576	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	...	...	4.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	257,415	...	...	10,820	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	57,120	...	...	58,457	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,715	...	...	53,610	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	1,556,795	...	...	88,420	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	127,226	...	...	120,626	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	102,021	...	...	99,131	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	423,700	...	...	20,170	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	120,527	...	...	108,720	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	94,618	...	...	86,435	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	823,190	...	...	54,210	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	148,914	...	...	135,335	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	118,944	...	...	111,564	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	255,745	...	...	10,895	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	73,609	...	...	72,895	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	62,869	...	...	62,607	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	747,115	353,075	394,040	21,355	9,685	11,670
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	32,613	33,636	31,818	29,195	28,971	29,376
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	29,868	30,519	29,362	27,128	26,798	27,374
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	745,705	351,920	393,790	21,295	9,575	11,715
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	47,973	50,595	45,630	44,434	44,840	44,102
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	39,048	40,380	37,857	36,556	36,493	36,607
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	5,862,855	2,849,955	3,012,895	327,405	159,720	167,680
In the bottom half of the distribution	2,813,285	1,338,400	1,474,885	152,560	73,530	79,030
In the bottom decile	652,620	315,260	337,360	34,660	16,780	17,880
In the second decile	583,750	269,305	314,445	32,995	15,790	17,205
In the third decile	539,335	254,260	285,075	29,355	14,155	15,200
In the fourth decile	518,440	248,375	270,065	27,470	13,345	14,130
In the fifth decile	519,140	251,205	267,935	28,075	13,470	14,605
In the top half of the distribution	3,049,570	1,511,555	1,538,015	174,840	86,190	88,650
In the sixth decile	528,520	256,980	271,540	28,335	13,755	14,580
In the seventh decile	546,775	267,890	278,885	30,570	14,920	15,650
In the eighth decile	580,185	286,725	293,460	33,575	16,420	17,155
In the ninth decile	639,880	318,340	321,540	39,180	19,415	19,765
In the top decile	754,210	381,625	372,590	43,185	21,680	21,500
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	5,862,595	2,849,835	3,012,760	327,400	159,725	167,675
0 to 17 years	1,195,910	614,060	581,850	67,965	35,075	32,890
0 to 5 years	374,440	191,880	182,555	20,640	10,575	10,060
18 to 64 years	3,851,275	1,866,775	1,984,495	210,855	101,625	109,230
65 years and over	815,415	369,005	446,405	48,580	23,020	25,565
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	912,405	430,210	482,200	49,485	23,805	25,685
0 to 17 years	235,120	121,220	113,905	12,255	6,340	5,920
0 to 5 years	75,855	39,055	36,795	3,880	2,005	1,880
18 to 64 years	565,145	264,585	300,560	30,980	14,575	16,400
65 years and over	112,140	44,405	67,735	6,245	2,885	3,360
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.6	15.1	16.0	15.1	14.9	15.3
0 to 17 years (%)	19.7	19.7	19.6	18.0	18.1	18.0
0 to 5 years (%)	20.3	20.4	20.2	18.8	19.0	18.7
18 to 64 years (%)	14.7	14.2	15.1	14.7	14.3	15.0
65 years and over (%)	13.8	12.0	15.2	12.9	12.5	13.1
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	749,935	359,355	390,585	40,080	19,355	20,730
0 to 17 years	178,525	91,985	86,540	9,790	5,060	4,725
0 to 5 years	58,105	29,855	28,245	3,105	1,615	1,490
18 to 64 years	499,350	239,960	259,390	26,570	12,645	13,925
65 years and over	72,065	27,410	44,660	3,725	1,650	2,075
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	12.8	12.6	13.0	12.2	12.1	12.4
0 to 17 years (%)	14.9	15.0	14.9	14.4	14.4	14.4
0 to 5 years (%)	15.5	15.6	15.5	15.0	15.3	14.8
18 to 64 years (%)	13.0	12.9	13.1	12.6	12.4	12.7
65 years and over (%)	8.8	7.4	10.0	7.7	7.2	8.1
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,865	327,400	159,725	167,680
Official languages	5,605,085	2,747,700	2,857,380	294,680	146,005	148,675
English	5,600,485	2,745,820	2,854,665	294,505	145,935	148,575
French	466,820	200,835	265,990	19,190	8,405	10,785
Non-official languages	3,115,825	1,485,485	1,630,340	233,815	111,840	121,975
Aboriginal languages	1,105	450	655	10	10	10
Algonquian languages	940	395	545	10	0	0
Blackfoot	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	190	90	95	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	50	30	20	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	30	10	15	0	0	0
Woods Cree	15	10	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	100	45	55	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	45	20	25	10	0	10
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	45	25	25	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	705	280	425	0	10	0
Algonquin	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ojibway	675	270	405	10	0	0
Oji-Cree	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	20	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	15	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	60	20	40	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	45	15	35	0	0	0
Oneida	10	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	15	10	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Dakota	10	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	30	20	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,114,775	1,485,055	1,629,720	233,810	111,835	121,975
Afro-Asiatic languages	211,335	106,115	105,215	5,355	2,565	2,790
Berber languages	245	135	110	10	0	0
Kabyle	80	40	40	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	170	95	75	0	10	0
Cushitic languages	20,445	8,910	11,530	130	65	70
Bilen	85	50	35	0	0	0
Oromo	1,390	590	800	15	10	0
Somali	18,965	8,250	10,715	120	55	60
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	85	30	50	0	0	0
Semitic languages	191,925	97,710	94,215	5,220	2,500	2,725
Amharic	11,440	5,325	6,115	145	75	70
Arabic	125,970	65,090	60,880	3,920	1,885	2,035
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	12,500	6,090	6,410	30	15	15
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	2,220	1,110	1,105	0	0	0
Harari	1,250	635	620	50	30	30
Hebrew	38,385	19,590	18,795	1,060	510	550
Maltese	4,675	2,295	2,380	50	15	35
Tigrigna	5,960	2,790	3,180	40	10	25
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	1,135	555	580	20	10	10
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	720	335	390	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	67,000	30,750	36,245	1,980	820	1,160
Khmer (Cambodian)	4,340	1,900	2,445	30	10	20
Vietnamese	62,935	29,000	33,935	1,950	815	1,135
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	40	0	35	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	205,810	81,995	123,815	7,190	2,765	4,420
Bikol	580	260	325	10	0	10
Cebuano	7,350	2,960	4,395	165	65	100
Fijian	50	20	30	10	10	0
Hiligaynon	2,545	1,015	1,530	35	15	15
Ilocano	12,740	5,000	7,740	265	100	170
Malagasy	90	45	45	10	0	0
Malay	7,305	3,360	3,945	480	230	255
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,600	735	875	75	35	40
Pangasinan	450	200	255	10	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	193,480	76,640	116,840	6,565	2,475	4,090
Waray-Waray	320	100	220	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,275	525	750	35	15	20
Creole languages	16,750	7,530	9,220	690	335	350
Haitian Creole	645	290	355	25	10	15
Creole, n.o.s.	9,125	4,110	5,015	415	205	210
Creole languages, n.i.e.	7,130	3,185	3,945	255	125	130
Dravidian languages	176,480	87,740	88,740	20,465	10,035	10,430
Kannada	4,470	2,245	2,215	140	60	75
Malayalam	17,255	8,785	8,475	780	385	390
Tamil	146,145	71,915	74,225	19,190	9,415	9,770
Telugu	13,615	7,460	6,150	575	280	300
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	440	225	210	0	10	0
Hmong-Mien languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,768,825	861,040	907,780	59,705	29,225	30,475
Albanian	15,375	7,695	7,680	120	65	60
Armenian	15,225	7,275	7,950	1,585	780	810
Balto-Slavic languages	300,880	140,300	160,580	5,860	2,705	3,155
Baltic languages	6,340	2,595	3,745	110	45	65
Latvian	2,630	1,115	1,520	45	20	25
Lithuanian	3,710	1,480	2,230	65	25	40
Slavic languages	296,240	138,420	157,820	5,790	2,680	3,110
Belarusan	945	495	450	20	10	15
Bosnian	4,355	2,110	2,250	70	30	40
Bulgarian	8,055	3,940	4,120	190	90	100
Croatian	23,785	11,605	12,180	190	90	105
Czech	6,300	2,975	3,325	90	35	55
Macedonian	16,730	8,025	8,700	1,720	830	890
Polish	83,545	38,245	45,300	655	305	350
Russian	111,165	51,675	59,485	2,410	1,065	1,345
Serbian	27,390	13,560	13,830	390	195	195
Serbo-Croatian	2,865	1,390	1,475	75	50	30
Slovak	6,085	2,790	3,295	80	30	45
Slovene (Slovenian)	4,450	2,010	2,440	45	20	25
Ukrainian	38,030	17,050	20,980	335	155	180
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	630	360	265	15	10	10
Celtic languages	1,910	985	920	25	15	15
Scottish Gaelic	650	325	320	15	0	10
Welsh	235	115	125	10	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	1,025	550	475	10	0	0
Germanic languages	80,940	38,460	42,480	2,875	1,360	1,510
Afrikaans	4,255	2,095	2,160	380	185	195
Danish	2,125	965	1,165	75	45	30
Dutch	11,655	5,440	6,215	410	180	230
Frisian	195	75	115	0	0	0
German	55,040	26,285	28,755	1,755	820	930
Icelandic	130	55	75	0	0	0
Norwegian	960	460	500	45	20	20
Swedish	2,570	1,165	1,410	85	40	40
Vlaams (Flemish)	265	110	150	20	15	10
Yiddish	6,510	3,200	3,305	220	115	110
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	105	50	55	20	15	0
Greek	60,400	29,665	30,735	3,705	1,885	1,825
Indo-Iranian languages	765,115	386,165	378,955	36,330	18,075	18,245
Indo-Aryan languages	639,795	323,555	316,245	27,405	13,605	13,800
Bengali	48,410	24,580	23,830	925	435	485
Gujarati	87,570	43,795	43,770	5,760	2,795	2,965
Hindi	207,780	105,570	102,210	9,655	4,670	4,985
Kashmiri	475	240	235	20	10	15
Konkani	4,995	2,265	2,730	200	85	115
Marathi	8,630	4,460	4,170	445	245	200
Nepali	6,385	3,155	3,235	75	40	35
Oriya (Odia)	930	445	480	30	10	20
Punjabi (Panjabi)	243,875	125,225	118,655	6,615	3,400	3,220
Sindhi	9,685	4,545	5,135	1,000	460	540
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15,135	7,605	7,525	950	510	440
Urdu	194,390	98,385	96,005	10,175	5,185	4,995
Iranian languages	130,695	65,170	65,520	9,190	4,570	4,620
Kurdish	3,845	2,175	1,670	130	55	75
Pashto	11,400	6,040	5,365	345	175	170
Persian (Farsi)	119,790	59,470	60,320	8,830	4,410	4,420
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	3,515	1,895	1,620	180	100	75
Italic (Romance) languages	567,300	268,895	298,410	10,695	5,070	5,625
Catalan	315	165	150	0	0	0
Italian	220,425	105,435	114,985	5,140	2,460	2,685
Portuguese	134,220	64,585	69,640	1,055	485	570
Romanian	29,765	13,805	15,965	1,060	540	520
Spanish	206,090	95,990	110,100	3,825	1,775	2,050
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	655	320	340	10	10	0
Japanese	17,460	7,535	9,920	1,065	505	565
Kartvelian languages	1,465	740	725	50	35	15
Georgian	1,465	740	725	50	40	15
Korean	62,350	29,150	33,205	4,015	1,905	2,115
Mongolic languages	445	190	255	0	0	0
Mongolian	445	190	255	0	0	10
Niger-Congo languages	47,720	22,705	25,015	855	430	425
Akan (Twi)	13,715	6,345	7,365	160	90	75
Bamanankan	200	110	90	0	0	0
Edo	1,890	825	1,070	0	10	0
Ewe	520	270	250	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	485	245	240	0	0	0
Ga	1,005	490	515	10	0	0
Ganda	865	410	455	10	10	0
Igbo	2,925	1,445	1,475	30	10	25
Lingala	2,080	895	1,185	30	15	15
Rundi (Kirundi)	535	255	285	10	0	10
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	695	295	400	0	0	0
Shona	1,175	515	655	25	10	15
Swahili	10,350	5,110	5,240	400	210	190
Wolof	415	185	230	10	0	10
Yoruba	7,935	3,980	3,960	90	50	40
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	6,340	2,935	3,405	135	60	80
Nilo-Saharan languages	500	285	215	0	0	0
Dinka	85	65	25	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	415	220	195	0	10	0
Sign languages	5,980	2,555	3,425	135	55	85
American Sign Language	3,505	1,325	2,175	40	20	20
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	15	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	2,575	1,280	1,295	95	30	65
Sino-Tibetan languages	581,165	272,700	308,470	136,780	65,410	71,370
Chinese languages	574,095	269,220	304,875	136,720	65,385	71,340
Cantonese	306,700	142,590	164,115	88,700	42,300	46,400
Hakka	7,185	3,150	4,035	2,705	1,235	1,470
Mandarin	313,605	145,835	167,765	64,350	29,935	34,415
Min Dong	710	285	425	150	50	100
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	13,985	6,265	7,715	2,295	1,035	1,265
Wu (Shanghainese)	6,885	3,200	3,685	1,255	600	655
Chinese, n.o.s.	11,470	5,200	6,270	1,535	730	805
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	135	75	60	15	10	10
Tibeto-Burman languages	7,455	3,695	3,770	105	50	50
Burmese	1,325	600	720	95	45	45
Karenic languages	245	115	135	0	0	0
Tibetan	5,465	2,725	2,740	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	500	290	210	10	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5,070	2,155	2,915	210	85	125
Lao	2,895	1,370	1,525	90	45	50
Thai	2,450	915	1,535	115	45	70
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	30	10	20	10	0	0
Turkic languages	24,680	12,835	11,845	970	510	460
Azerbaijani	2,645	1,345	1,300	145	75	70
Turkish	20,745	10,830	9,915	830	445	390
Uyghur	490	225	265	0	0	0
Uzbek	815	440	375	20	0	15
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	560	270	290	0	0	0
Uralic languages	27,660	12,555	15,095	880	410	470
Estonian	2,995	1,295	1,705	125	60	70
Finnish	2,835	1,215	1,615	155	70	90
Hungarian	21,890	10,070	11,830	605	285	315
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	2,300	1,195	1,105	35	25	10
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	327,400	159,725	167,675
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	5,134,440	2,503,870	2,630,575	283,890	139,420	144,475
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,102,940	565,995	536,940	63,235	32,630	30,600
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	4,031,505	1,937,875	2,093,635	220,660	106,795	113,865
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	728,410	346,120	382,285	43,510	20,300	23,210
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	327,400	159,720	167,680
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	3,020,405	1,511,930	1,508,475	128,650	66,035	62,615
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	2,705,550	1,269,995	1,435,560	192,220	90,490	101,730
Before 1981	611,635	284,800	326,830	33,295	16,315	16,980
1981 to 1990	370,195	177,010	193,190	31,295	15,000	16,295
1991 to 2000	638,770	298,245	340,520	59,445	28,035	31,410
2001 to 2010	728,025	341,100	386,925	47,525	21,775	25,755
2001 to 2005	379,400	178,780	200,620	26,445	12,125	14,320
2006 to 2010	348,620	162,320	186,305	21,085	9,655	11,430
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	356,930	168,835	188,095	20,660	9,365	11,290
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	136,895	68,065	68,830	6,530	3,195	3,335
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	2,705,550	1,269,990	1,435,560	192,215	90,490	101,730
Under 5 years	225,470	112,150	113,325	13,730	7,000	6,730
5 to 14 years	449,875	226,440	223,440	28,345	14,325	14,030
15 to 24 years	588,860	261,700	327,155	40,725	18,440	22,285
25 to 44 years	1,154,390	541,415	612,980	84,700	39,665	45,035
45 years and over	286,960	128,295	158,665	24,725	11,065	13,660
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	2,705,550	1,269,990	1,435,560	192,220	90,490	101,730
Americas	409,865	181,700	228,165	13,935	6,430	7,505
Brazil	10,625	4,950	5,675	215	105	110
Colombia	17,150	7,850	9,295	295	145	150
El Salvador	11,110	5,535	5,580	100	35	65
Guyana	69,025	30,505	38,515	3,220	1,465	1,755
Haiti	2,590	1,225	1,370	70	25	45
Jamaica	99,660	41,700	57,960	3,980	1,760	2,220
Mexico	11,395	5,070	6,320	210	100	110
Peru	8,095	3,600	4,500	310	140	175
Trinidad and Tobago	43,135	19,035	24,095	1,640	770	880
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	46,695	21,755	24,940	1,915	940	975
Other places of birth in Americas	90,390	40,480	49,915	1,975	950	1,025
Europe	617,555	291,735	325,815	15,085	7,310	7,770
Bosnia and Herzegovina	9,630	4,760	4,875	90	55	30
Croatia	12,010	5,760	6,250	120	55	60
France	6,890	3,220	3,670	160	60	100
Germany	22,970	10,725	12,240	670	300	370
Greece	27,885	13,595	14,290	1,740	940	800
Hungary	11,925	5,380	6,540	350	150	200
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	8,115	3,955	4,160	230	90	140
Italy	103,620	50,525	53,090	2,730	1,335	1,395
Netherlands	7,620	3,700	3,915	230	130	100
Poland	57,450	25,810	31,640	500	220	280
Portugal	71,045	34,235	36,810	370	170	200
Romania	25,515	11,630	13,890	930	465	470
Russian Federation	34,385	14,875	19,510	775	330	445
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	13,080	6,355	6,725	175	85	90
Ukraine	32,110	14,690	17,420	445	185	260
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	99,165	47,375	51,790	3,420	1,710	1,710
Other places of birth in Europe	74,130	35,130	38,995	2,150	1,035	1,120
Africa	152,755	73,585	79,165	6,975	3,440	3,535
Algeria	1,240	650	595	30	10	20
Egypt	24,820	12,865	11,950	1,250	655	595
Ethiopia	10,865	4,965	5,900	180	95	80
Kenya	11,305	5,165	6,140	1,000	500	500
Morocco	3,480	1,700	1,780	75	40	40
Nigeria	16,400	8,135	8,260	230	100	135
Somalia	10,850	4,350	6,500	100	45	55
South Africa, Republic of	13,040	6,345	6,690	1,055	485	565
Other places of birth in Africa	60,760	29,410	31,355	3,055	1,515	1,545
Asia	1,518,125	719,445	798,680	155,990	73,195	82,800
Afghanistan	25,420	12,730	12,690	835	420	410
Bangladesh	32,385	16,330	16,055	525	250	275
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	266,840	121,555	145,290	59,060	27,200	31,860
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	100,060	46,985	53,080	32,525	15,530	16,995
India	307,275	153,190	154,085	14,215	6,855	7,360
IranCensus data footnote 61	74,530	37,130	37,395	6,640	3,300	3,340
Iraq	29,230	14,640	14,595	480	225	250
Japan	5,880	1,905	3,975	345	155	195
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	45,700	21,285	24,420	2,905	1,390	1,510
Lebanon	13,610	7,315	6,295	665	325	345
Pakistan	119,085	60,120	58,960	5,540	2,735	2,810
Philippines	192,265	78,690	113,570	6,720	2,700	4,020
Sri Lanka	101,550	49,580	51,965	12,805	6,180	6,625
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	10,830	5,430	5,400	240	135	100
Taiwan	14,980	6,510	8,465	2,335	1,005	1,335
Viet Nam	59,365	26,830	32,540	3,620	1,595	2,030
Other places of birth in Asia	119,120	59,225	59,900	6,535	3,175	3,360
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	7,260	3,525	3,730	235	110	125
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	356,930	168,835	188,095	20,655	9,370	11,290
Americas	40,810	19,490	21,320	925	470	450
Brazil	2,595	1,225	1,370	15	0	20
Colombia	2,610	1,220	1,385	30	15	10
Cuba	1,200	535	660	25	20	0
Haiti	865	415	450	10	0	10
Jamaica	7,300	3,825	3,475	135	50	85
Mexico	3,045	1,450	1,590	40	30	10
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	8,075	4,090	3,990	390	200	185
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	1,880	875	1,005	40	25	15
Other places of birth in Americas	13,250	5,845	7,395	230	125	110
Europe	31,805	15,585	16,225	410	190	215
France	1,400	675	725	30	20	10
Germany	915	490	420	15	10	10
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	1,490	935	560	10	10	0
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	775	365	415	0	0	0
Romania	1,490	590	900	35	15	20
Russian Federation	3,935	1,430	2,505	75	30	50
Ukraine	3,655	1,690	1,960	60	20	45
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	3,990	2,385	1,605	75	40	35
Other places of birth in Europe	14,150	7,020	7,135	115	55	55
Africa	24,760	12,150	12,615	370	195	180
Algeria	205	95	115	0	0	0
Cameroon	805	355	450	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	565	250	315	10	10	0
Côte d'Ivoire	290	135	150	25	15	10
Egypt	5,975	3,105	2,870	170	85	90
Eritrea	1,065	520	540	0	0	0
Ethiopia	1,665	755	915	0	10	0
Morocco	365	145	220	10	0	10
Nigeria	4,805	2,340	2,460	20	10	10
Somalia	1,155	555	600	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	810	440	370	10	0	10
Tunisia	125	90	40	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	6,950	3,375	3,575	115	60	55
Asia	258,265	120,865	137,405	18,925	8,490	10,435
Afghanistan	4,615	2,315	2,300	90	40	50
Bangladesh	6,870	3,400	3,465	45	20	25
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	49,815	22,155	27,660	11,785	5,270	6,515
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	1,815	730	1,085	625	250	380
India	58,820	29,560	29,260	1,250	600	655
IranCensus data footnote 61	18,635	9,020	9,620	1,700	850	850
Iraq	8,270	4,125	4,150	35	15	20
Israel	1,665	880	785	40	10	30
Japan	965	265	700	30	10	20
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	4,885	2,215	2,665	390	190	205
Lebanon	1,440	780	660	40	25	15
Nepal	2,430	1,245	1,190	25	15	10
Pakistan	21,750	10,650	11,100	665	295	370
Philippines	43,590	17,995	25,595	880	270	610
Saudi Arabia	2,135	1,085	1,045	65	50	15
Sri Lanka	7,395	3,220	4,175	575	270	305
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	5,505	2,855	2,650	30	25	0
Taiwan	760	300	460	170	90	80
Turkey	2,055	1,145	910	20	0	15
United Arab Emirates	3,375	1,695	1,680	125	65	60
Viet Nam	2,690	1,060	1,625	75	20	55
Other places of birth in Asia	8,780	4,155	4,625	265	115	150
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	1,285	755	535	25	15	10
Australia	1,005	615	390	20	15	0
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	285	140	150	10	10	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,865	327,400	159,720	167,675
First generationCensus data footnote 69	2,874,265	1,354,410	1,519,860	200,300	94,490	105,810
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	1,676,530	844,955	831,575	93,465	48,280	45,185
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	1,312,060	650,630	661,430	33,645	16,955	16,690
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	2,129,485	1,002,290	1,127,200	161,675	75,465	86,210
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	1,063,255	525,765	537,490	87,260	43,320	43,945
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	424,005	261,635	162,370	33,630	22,310	11,325
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	639,250	264,130	375,115	53,630	21,010	32,620
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	717,295	293,165	424,130	53,140	20,825	32,315
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	319,285	169,830	149,460	17,695	9,655	8,035
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	29,655	13,530	16,120	3,585	1,665	1,920
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	5,862,855	2,849,995	3,012,860	327,400	159,720	167,675
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	46,320	21,815	24,505	740	335	405
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	43,735	20,505	23,230	695	310	395
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	27,800	12,935	14,875	425	195	230
Métis	15,240	7,245	7,995	250	100	150
Inuk (Inuit)	690	320	365	20	15	10
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	1,130	530	595	25	15	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	1,455	780	670	20	10	10
Non-Aboriginal identity	5,816,540	2,828,180	2,988,360	326,660	159,390	167,275
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	327,400	159,720	167,675
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	14,865	6,865	8,005	200	85	115
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	5,847,985	2,843,125	3,004,860	327,200	159,640	167,560
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	327,400	159,725	167,680
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	7,435	3,410	4,020	150	50	95
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	7,255	3,325	3,930	145	45	95
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	5,765	2,610	3,155	105	40	65
Métis single ancestry	1,375	665	715	40	10	35
Inuit single ancestry	120	55	65	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	175	85	90	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	125	65	60	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	25	10	10	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	15	0	15	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	20	15	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	66,540	31,435	35,105	985	455	530
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	64,835	30,640	34,190	965	440	525
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	49,115	23,300	25,815	740	335	405
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	14,790	6,905	7,890	210	95	115
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	930	435	490	15	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	1,710	795	910	15	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,445	655	785	15	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	170	80	85	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	90	50	45	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	5,788,885	2,815,145	2,973,735	326,270	159,220	167,050
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	327,400	159,725	167,675
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	3,011,905	1,449,235	1,562,675	255,155	124,000	131,155
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	973,225	490,875	482,350	58,270	29,105	29,165
Chinese	631,050	300,215	330,830	147,725	71,610	76,115
Black	442,020	204,665	237,350	9,655	4,500	5,160
Filipino	254,475	108,655	145,825	8,905	3,780	5,120
Latin American	132,945	63,735	69,210	1,750	815	935
Arab	105,610	54,840	50,770	3,250	1,620	1,635
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	83,535	39,210	44,335	2,520	1,105	1,415
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	123,760	61,875	61,885	7,910	4,000	3,910
Korean	69,670	33,180	36,485	4,355	2,140	2,210
Japanese	20,655	8,970	11,685	995	485	510
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	77,780	36,315	41,465	2,920	1,385	1,530
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	97,190	46,700	50,490	6,895	3,455	3,440
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	2,850,950	1,400,760	1,450,190	72,250	35,725	36,525
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	5,862,855	2,849,995	3,012,865	327,400	159,725	167,675
North American Aboriginal origins	73,975	34,840	39,130	1,130	510	625
First Nations (North American Indian)	56,655	26,735	29,915	860	390	465
Inuit	1,360	645	710	20	10	10
Métis	17,860	8,350	9,505	275	120	150
Other North American origins	786,975	390,020	396,955	22,360	11,310	11,045
Acadian	4,215	2,085	2,125	65	20	45
American	49,455	23,985	25,470	1,315	665	655
Canadian	746,965	370,515	376,445	21,435	10,850	10,585
New Brunswicker	85	55	35	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	3,280	1,675	1,605	35	25	10
Nova Scotian	645	295	355	45	30	25
Ontarian	645	370	275	10	0	10
Québécois	1,570	780	785	35	15	15
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	245	130	115	0	0	0
European origins	2,760,845	1,345,375	1,415,470	72,825	35,885	36,945
British Isles origins	1,287,260	629,030	658,230	35,225	17,330	17,895
Channel Islander	445	235	210	25	15	10
Cornish	205	105	95	0	0	0
English	732,555	358,040	374,515	20,555	10,185	10,370
Irish	544,380	260,305	284,070	13,905	6,860	7,040
Manx	815	475	345	30	15	10
Scottish	543,760	263,155	280,605	14,655	7,055	7,600
Welsh	56,210	26,940	29,275	1,290	620	670
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	107,900	51,560	56,340	2,830	1,325	1,510
French origins	248,150	117,595	130,555	5,845	2,765	3,080
Alsatian	355	140	215	0	0	10
Breton	60	35	20	0	0	0
Corsican	60	30	30	0	0	0
French	247,790	117,430	130,360	5,845	2,765	3,080
Western European origins (except French origins)	396,070	192,485	203,585	10,345	5,245	5,100
Austrian	30,375	14,775	15,600	985	525	460
Bavarian	155	65	85	0	0	0
Belgian	9,770	4,540	5,230	265	115	145
Dutch	98,890	47,530	51,360	2,365	1,205	1,160
Flemish	910	430	475	15	10	0
Frisian	400	230	165	20	15	10
German	271,815	132,610	139,205	7,160	3,600	3,560
Luxembourger	305	145	155	20	15	10
Swiss	14,705	7,290	7,415	450	250	205
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	530	260	275	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	69,205	33,340	35,865	1,685	840	850
Danish	15,455	7,630	7,825	385	215	165
Finnish	16,385	7,650	8,735	510	220	285
Icelandic	3,985	2,005	1,985	75	35	30
Norwegian	16,390	8,040	8,345	320	165	150
Swedish	18,590	8,565	10,020	430	210	220
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	3,515	1,665	1,845	100	45	55
Eastern European origins	596,425	284,470	311,955	13,910	6,935	6,980
Bulgarian	11,220	5,545	5,675	265	130	140
Byelorussian	8,240	4,040	4,205	205	75	130
Czech	16,630	8,030	8,600	430	225	205
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	4,755	2,275	2,480	115	45	75
Estonian	7,655	3,580	4,075	250	105	150
Hungarian	59,720	29,025	30,690	1,485	765	725
Latvian	9,660	4,505	5,155	245	115	125
Lithuanian	19,520	9,380	10,140	700	320	375
Moldovan	3,020	1,545	1,475	80	45	35
Polish	237,245	113,300	123,940	5,015	2,555	2,460
Romanian	50,515	24,070	26,445	1,800	940	860
Russian	139,910	65,150	74,760	3,840	1,870	1,965
Slovak	14,580	7,040	7,540	250	135	115
Ukrainian	144,330	69,230	75,105	2,800	1,425	1,370
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	7,290	3,405	3,885	160	85	70
Southern European origins	988,415	488,295	500,120	26,495	13,200	13,295
Albanian	17,685	8,940	8,745	165	75	90
Bosnian	6,485	3,150	3,335	95	60	40
Catalan	160	105	60	15	15	0
Croatian	37,460	18,715	18,745	435	225	205
Cypriot	2,620	1,295	1,325	85	35	55
Greek	99,145	49,730	49,410	6,215	3,105	3,115
Italian	484,365	241,940	242,420	12,060	6,025	6,035
Kosovar	485	255	225	0	0	0
Macedonian	28,315	14,150	14,165	2,280	1,110	1,170
Maltese	19,440	9,580	9,860	240	100	145
Montenegrin	1,465	700	770	35	30	10
Portuguese	210,425	102,945	107,480	3,180	1,625	1,560
Serbian	33,055	16,630	16,425	630	325	305
Sicilian	1,575	790	780	85	45	45
Slovenian	13,135	6,605	6,530	200	115	95
Spanish	106,690	49,790	56,895	3,125	1,520	1,605
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	6,775	3,280	3,495	180	85	95
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	510	210	300	0	0	0
Other European origins	72,270	36,185	36,085	1,785	970	815
Basque	815	400	415	20	15	0
Jewish	59,195	29,745	29,450	1,420	750	665
Roma (Gypsy)	1,220	575	645	0	10	0
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	980	525	455	40	15	20
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	10,520	5,160	5,360	310	185	125
Caribbean origins	346,530	157,300	189,230	10,665	5,010	5,655
Antiguan	2,430	1,075	1,355	50	10	40
Bahamian	1,255	635	615	90	70	20
Barbadian	18,395	8,370	10,030	670	320	355
Bermudan	1,000	470	540	10	0	10
Carib	1,795	640	1,150	15	15	10
Cuban	9,290	4,200	5,090	145	75	75
Dominican	6,365	3,035	3,335	145	80	60
Grenadian	12,380	5,330	7,050	235	95	145
Guadeloupean	40	10	30	0	0	0
Haitian	5,150	2,425	2,715	140	55	80
Jamaican	200,330	91,035	109,295	6,175	2,895	3,275
Kittitian/Nevisian	1,855	875	985	55	30	25
Martinican	160	50	105	0	0	0
Montserratan	440	210	230	0	0	10
Puerto Rican	750	400	360	15	10	10
St. Lucian	5,405	2,355	3,045	60	35	25
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	44,300	20,370	23,925	1,640	760	880
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10,290	4,345	5,950	240	110	125
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	46,300	20,555	25,740	1,770	835	930
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	13,305	5,940	7,365	280	110	165
Latin, Central and South American origins	213,985	100,945	113,030	5,205	2,465	2,750
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	7,115	3,305	3,810	100	45	55
Arawak	710	315	395	0	0	0
Argentinian	8,415	4,075	4,335	230	105	120
Belizean	355	170	185	30	30	0
Bolivian	1,325	660	665	15	10	0
Brazilian	13,065	6,295	6,780	280	105	175
Chilean	10,435	5,010	5,425	95	40	60
Colombian	24,875	11,890	12,985	395	195	195
Costa Rican	1,770	905	865	10	10	10
Ecuadorian	17,930	8,495	9,440	235	110	125
Guatemalan	5,915	2,850	3,065	50	30	20
Guyanese	57,985	26,585	31,405	2,455	1,205	1,250
Hispanic	3,655	1,780	1,875	20	15	0
Honduran	1,750	810	940	0	0	0
Maya	1,135	555	575	10	10	0
Mexican	19,785	9,185	10,600	400	175	225
Nicaraguan	3,655	1,765	1,890	25	15	15
Panamanian	1,805	775	1,030	80	40	40
Paraguayan	305	140	160	20	10	10
Peruvian	10,665	4,935	5,725	360	155	205
Salvadorean	15,130	7,480	7,650	160	50	110
Uruguayan	3,450	1,770	1,680	65	20	45
Venezuelan	8,260	3,780	4,480	245	115	130
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	9,255	4,505	4,745	215	105	105
African origins	266,640	130,030	136,610	7,520	3,690	3,830
Central and West African origins	58,830	29,030	29,800	835	410	425
Akan	700	395	305	10	10	0
Angolan	1,030	490	535	10	10	0
Ashanti	1,070	545	525	15	0	10
Beninese	370	190	180	0	0	0
Burkinabe	100	45	55	0	0	0
Cameroonian	2,535	1,250	1,285	40	20	20
Chadian	185	95	90	0	0	0
Congolese	3,985	1,895	2,085	65	30	30
Edo	935	490	445	0	0	0
Ewe	160	90	70	0	0	0
Gabonese	45	10	35	0	0	0
Gambian	545	255	295	10	0	0
Ghanaian	20,465	9,735	10,730	270	135	130
Guinean	680	335	340	30	25	0
Ibo	1,495	775	720	55	20	35
Ivorian	615	285	330	25	10	15
Liberian	335	140	200	0	0	0
Malian	260	140	125	0	0	0
Malinké	220	105	120	45	25	25
Nigerian	19,330	9,790	9,545	205	90	115
Peulh	60	40	20	0	0	0
Senegalese	535	280	255	20	0	10
Sierra Leonean	815	400	415	0	0	0
Togolese	315	205	105	10	0	0
Wolof	45	25	25	0	0	0
Yoruba	2,925	1,545	1,375	60	25	30
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	2,895	1,415	1,480	40	25	10
North African origins	53,740	27,655	26,090	2,485	1,255	1,230
Algerian	1,700	835	870	45	0	30
Berber	680	365	315	0	10	0
Coptic	1,815	935	885	210	105	105
Dinka	35	25	10	0	0	0
Egyptian	36,340	18,715	17,625	1,915	995	920
Libyan	1,275	685	600	35	20	20
Maure	235	130	105	0	0	0
Moroccan	8,595	4,440	4,160	200	80	120
Sudanese	3,735	1,825	1,915	115	45	65
Tunisian	1,085	580	505	35	20	10
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	840	450	390	10	0	0
Southern and East African origins	80,285	38,330	41,955	2,215	1,115	1,095
Afrikaner	340	175	170	35	15	20
Amhara	500	240	260	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	305	170	135	0	0	0
Burundian	710	385	325	30	15	15
Djiboutian	205	95	115	0	0	0
Eritrean	7,625	3,685	3,940	55	25	30
Ethiopian	15,990	7,670	8,325	320	180	145
Harari	460	250	210	50	25	25
Kenyan	3,960	1,830	2,130	160	75	85
Malagasy	180	75	100	0	0	0
Mauritian	2,820	1,465	1,355	235	145	90
Oromo	830	370	460	15	10	10
Rwandan	1,105	490	620	0	0	0
Seychellois	165	65	95	0	0	0
Somali	25,550	11,820	13,740	215	105	115
South African	11,950	6,010	5,940	690	335	355
Tanzanian	1,850	925	920	145	85	65
Tigrian	410	210	200	0	0	0
Ugandan	2,010	980	1,030	55	30	30
Zambian	385	195	190	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	1,760	815	945	65	30	30
Zulu	205	100	110	0	0	10
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	5,470	2,415	3,055	280	125	150
Other African origins	77,575	36,805	40,775	2,030	930	1,100
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	10,975	4,750	6,220	300	125	175
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	67,415	32,440	34,975	1,755	820	930
Asian origins	2,437,365	1,181,245	1,256,120	242,105	117,750	124,355
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	330,340	167,015	163,330	15,735	7,875	7,860
Afghan	41,735	20,950	20,780	1,430	715	720
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	23,205	12,005	11,195	560	280	280
Armenian	21,710	10,545	11,165	1,860	945	925
Assyrian	7,705	3,955	3,745	55	25	30
Azerbaijani	3,340	1,620	1,720	220	115	100
Georgian	2,390	1,220	1,165	85	65	15
Hazara	515	280	235	50	25	20
Iranian	97,110	48,770	48,345	8,120	4,115	4,000
Iraqi	29,045	14,570	14,480	640	290	350
Israeli	14,490	7,510	6,975	360	150	210
Jordanian	5,325	2,865	2,460	70	45	20
Kazakh	975	445	530	10	10	0
Kurd	4,355	2,330	2,025	100	55	40
Kuwaiti	375	215	160	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	245	85	160	10	10	0
Lebanese	29,750	15,125	14,625	1,185	540	645
Palestinian	15,555	8,380	7,170	345	170	180
Pashtun	2,145	1,180	965	65	35	30
Saudi Arabian	1,655	865	785	30	20	10
Syrian	16,150	7,855	8,300	255	100	155
Tajik	1,425	670	755	95	45	50
Tatar	1,785	760	1,025	45	25	15
Turk	23,085	11,685	11,405	655	375	275
Turkmen	405	205	200	0	0	0
Uighur	545	255	290	0	0	0
Uzbek	1,745	870	880	60	40	25
Yemeni	2,530	1,205	1,325	165	95	70
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	10,180	5,245	4,930	260	130	130
South Asian origins	995,125	499,465	495,660	58,880	29,255	29,620
Bangladeshi	23,400	11,960	11,435	320	165	150
Bengali	12,515	6,390	6,125	250	115	135
Bhutanese	150	80	65	0	0	0
East Indian	643,370	322,810	320,555	33,070	16,350	16,720
Goan	4,040	1,880	2,160	290	140	155
Gujarati	4,980	2,575	2,400	330	135	200
Kashmiri	1,345	690	650	50	40	15
Nepali	5,395	2,645	2,745	80	40	35
Pakistani	122,950	62,455	60,490	5,720	2,960	2,770
Punjabi	47,760	24,560	23,205	1,030	520	515
Sinhalese	4,030	1,970	2,055	245	150	95
Sri Lankan	114,400	55,790	58,615	14,340	6,995	7,350
Tamil	40,115	20,345	19,775	5,780	3,025	2,755
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	49,895	25,275	24,620	2,905	1,465	1,445
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,134,050	525,470	608,580	169,040	81,355	87,685
Burmese	2,165	970	1,195	150	55	95
Cambodian (Khmer)	6,430	2,970	3,460	75	25	45
Chinese	700,705	332,650	368,055	152,090	73,745	78,350
Filipino	274,670	118,265	156,405	10,265	4,500	5,765
Hmong	55	25	30	15	10	10
Indonesian	6,120	2,825	3,290	475	250	225
Japanese	28,045	12,350	15,695	1,575	750	825
Karen	265	115	145	0	0	0
Korean	73,385	34,950	38,445	4,840	2,405	2,435
Laotian	4,205	2,080	2,125	105	50	50
Malaysian	5,625	2,660	2,960	505	255	250
Mongolian	1,940	885	1,060	70	35	35
Singaporean	1,070	480	590	135	65	70
Taiwanese	7,975	3,625	4,350	1,045	505	540
Thai	3,390	1,275	2,115	135	50	85
Tibetan	6,015	3,015	3,000	15	0	10
Vietnamese	73,740	34,880	38,865	2,970	1,340	1,630
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	3,400	1,675	1,725	200	115	95
Other Asian origins	10,705	5,285	5,420	485	250	240
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	10,710	5,285	5,420	490	250	240
Oceania origins	9,705	4,915	4,785	230	135	100
Australian	5,925	3,095	2,830	115	65	50
New Zealander	1,945	1,030	915	60	35	25
Pacific Islands origins	2,045	935	1,110	55	30	20
Fijian	1,185	495	690	30	20	10
Hawaiian	225	115	115	0	0	0
Maori	200	105	90	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	115	45	70	0	0	0
Samoan	90	45	50	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	340	160	180	20	10	10
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	2,135,910	...	...	102,680	...	...
Owner	1,420,360	...	...	88,395	...	...
Renter	715,540	...	...	14,285	...	...
Band housing	10	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	2,135,910	...	...	102,675	...	...
Condominium	445,650	...	...	17,770	...	...
Not condominium	1,690,260	...	...	84,905	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	2,135,910	...	...	102,675	...	...
No bedrooms	24,165	...	...	150	...	...
1 bedroom	384,275	...	...	7,765	...	...
2 bedrooms	452,930	...	...	11,400	...	...
3 bedrooms	627,365	...	...	29,560	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	647,170	...	...	53,800	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	2,135,905	...	...	102,680	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	751,950	...	...	21,185	...	...
5 rooms	290,215	...	...	14,310	...	...
6 rooms	278,975	...	...	15,685	...	...
7 rooms	249,710	...	...	15,005	...	...
8 or more rooms	565,055	...	...	36,495	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.9	...	...	6.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	2,135,910	...	...	102,675	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,042,675	...	...	98,575	...	...
More than 1 person per room	93,235	...	...	4,100	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	2,135,905	...	...	102,675	...	...
Suitable	1,930,485	...	...	95,655	...	...
Not suitable	205,420	...	...	7,020	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	2,135,910	...	...	102,680	...	...
1960 or before	437,615	...	...	2,800	...	...
1961 to 1980	566,970	...	...	18,030	...	...
1981 to 1990	300,455	...	...	20,970	...	...
1991 to 2000	268,320	...	...	16,365	...	...
2001 to 2005	198,705	...	...	16,560	...	...
2006 to 2010	185,715	...	...	13,900	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	178,125	...	...	14,045	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	2,135,910	...	...	102,675	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	2,019,695	...	...	99,875	...	...
Major repairs needed	116,215	...	...	2,805	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	2,135,910	...	...	102,675	...	...
1 household maintainer	1,205,800	...	...	51,275	...	...
2 household maintainers	841,650	...	...	46,120	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	88,460	...	...	5,275	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	2,135,905	...	...	102,675	...	...
15 to 24 years	48,555	...	...	1,155	...	...
25 to 34 years	296,125	...	...	10,400	...	...
35 to 44 years	406,810	...	...	19,370	...	...
45 to 54 years	497,290	...	...	26,025	...	...
55 to 64 years	414,985	...	...	22,840	...	...
65 to 74 years	264,505	...	...	14,525	...	...
75 to 84 years	149,385	...	...	6,380	...	...
85 years and over	58,260	...	...	1,985	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	2,130,850	...	...	102,430	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,418,495	...	...	67,310	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	712,350	...	...	35,115	...	...
30% to less than 100%	589,435	...	...	28,075	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,418,695	...	...	88,390	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	63.2	...	...	61.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	26.7	...	...	31.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,655	...	...	1,682	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,755	...	...	1,785	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	647,648	...	...	802,349	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	734,924	...	...	893,165	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	715,420	...	...	14,275	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	14.6	...	...	7.5	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	46.9	...	...	53.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,207	...	...	1,459	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,264	...	...	1,436	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,900	272,050	131,175	140,875
No certificate, diploma or degree	794,735	377,800	416,930	45,325	20,535	24,790
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	1,262,345	621,135	641,215	71,590	34,335	37,255
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,822,010	1,346,255	1,475,755	155,140	76,310	78,830
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	216,485	144,375	72,110	7,795	4,930	2,875
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	116,425	69,165	47,260	4,455	2,520	1,935
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	100,065	75,215	24,850	3,345	2,405	940
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	844,670	369,815	474,855	41,685	18,695	22,990
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	134,705	60,270	74,435	8,245	3,995	4,255
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,626,155	771,800	854,355	97,405	48,700	48,705
Bachelor's degree	1,075,760	494,850	580,905	68,265	32,995	35,270
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	107,255	49,015	58,245	5,300	2,565	2,735
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	44,785	22,370	22,420	2,450	1,215	1,235
Master's degree	350,785	176,595	174,185	19,105	10,395	8,710
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	47,570	28,965	18,600	2,285	1,525	760
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	3,288,690	1,578,640	1,710,055	180,935	85,690	95,250
No certificate, diploma or degree	316,395	160,105	156,295	18,840	8,690	10,155
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	718,855	360,435	358,420	39,450	18,320	21,130
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,253,435	1,058,095	1,195,340	122,640	58,680	63,960
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	147,990	97,935	50,050	5,000	3,020	1,975
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	79,985	47,200	32,785	2,915	1,555	1,350
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	68,005	50,740	17,270	2,085	1,465	625
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	660,375	288,290	372,080	32,040	14,125	17,920
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	101,090	44,915	56,180	6,270	2,885	3,385
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,343,990	626,960	717,030	79,325	38,650	40,675
Bachelor's degree	876,470	399,455	477,015	54,920	26,000	28,925
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	87,155	38,320	48,835	4,120	1,890	2,230
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	36,605	17,060	19,545	1,930	875	1,050
Master's degree	306,310	150,595	155,715	16,530	8,745	7,790
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	37,445	21,525	15,920	1,825	1,145	680
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,900	272,050	131,175	140,875
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	2,057,085	998,935	1,058,145	116,910	54,860	62,050
Education	143,825	29,335	114,490	7,610	1,505	6,105
13. Education	143,825	29,335	114,490	7,615	1,510	6,105
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	138,915	62,540	76,375	5,480	2,345	3,135
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	18,065	13,420	4,645	635	445	190
50. Visual and performing arts	120,850	49,120	71,735	4,845	1,900	2,950
Humanities	190,960	67,430	123,535	8,820	2,815	6,000
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	22,465	4,895	17,570	1,315	290	1,025
23. English language and literature/letters	53,980	15,275	38,705	2,205	515	1,690
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	57,545	19,230	38,315	3,100	925	2,180
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	925	420	505	25	15	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	12,380	6,900	5,485	370	185	185
39. Theology and religious vocations	10,235	6,460	3,765	655	410	240
54. History	26,685	13,230	13,455	895	445	450
55. French language and literature/letters	6,750	1,015	5,735	250	35	215
Social and behavioural sciences and law	404,445	141,120	263,325	18,415	6,895	11,520
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	5,520	1,040	4,480	160	20	135
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	44,435	17,305	27,130	1,530	630	900
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	57,210	5,340	51,870	2,315	245	2,070
22. Legal professions and studies	69,375	26,940	42,430	2,565	1,040	1,525
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	6,765	1,550	5,220	270	50	220
42. Psychology	56,380	13,470	42,905	2,525	625	1,900
45. Social sciences	164,760	75,470	89,290	9,045	4,290	4,760
Business, management and public administration	683,170	305,955	377,210	44,215	19,520	24,695
30.16 Accounting and computer science	1,380	525	855	95	45	55
44. Public administration and social service professions	41,330	8,545	32,785	1,435	315	1,120
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	640,460	296,885	343,575	42,680	19,160	23,520
Physical and life sciences and technologies	135,195	63,275	71,920	8,695	4,065	4,630
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	56,780	22,320	34,460	3,390	1,410	1,975
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	33,525	14,700	18,820	2,515	1,095	1,420
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	2,425	770	1,655	195	65	135
40. Physical sciences	37,715	23,855	13,860	2,330	1,410	920
41. Science technologies/technicians	4,745	1,620	3,125	270	90	180
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	167,300	108,360	58,945	13,370	8,885	4,485
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	129,355	88,860	40,490	10,395	7,245	3,150
25. Library science	5,930	975	4,950	205	35	170
27. Mathematics and statistics	29,330	16,665	12,665	2,495	1,405	1,090
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	2,690	1,845	840	275	200	75
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	483,705	417,195	66,510	27,285	23,175	4,110
04. Architecture and related services	30,785	19,780	11,000	1,415	935	480
14. Engineering	209,840	167,090	42,755	15,590	12,560	3,030
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	82,390	74,000	8,390	4,510	4,070	440
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	105	25	75	10	0	0
46. Construction trades	62,875	61,525	1,345	1,755	1,715	40
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	64,895	63,235	1,660	2,830	2,775	55
48. Precision production	32,825	31,545	1,280	1,175	1,115	55
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	31,395	16,880	14,510	1,430	790	640
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	18,615	10,510	8,105	855	490	360
03. Natural resources and conservation	12,775	6,370	6,410	575	300	280
Health and related fields	329,520	79,140	250,380	15,470	4,260	11,215
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	27,935	14,250	13,685	1,355	735	620
51. Health professions and related programs	289,225	58,445	230,780	13,535	3,225	10,310
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	12,370	6,450	5,920	585	300	285
Personal, protective and transportation services	113,240	54,930	58,315	4,325	2,050	2,275
12. Personal and culinary services	69,505	21,485	48,025	2,960	955	2,005
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	400	355	45	10	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	545	510	30	45	45	0
43. Security and protective services	27,635	19,200	8,440	785	620	160
49. Transportation and materials moving	15,155	13,380	1,775	530	415	115
Other	335	95	235	20	0	20
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	335	100	235	25	0	25
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	3,288,690	1,578,640	1,710,050	180,935	85,685	95,250
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	1,035,250	520,540	514,710	58,295	27,005	31,290
Education	105,195	20,910	84,285	5,130	995	4,140
13. Education	105,195	20,910	84,285	5,130	990	4,140
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	111,390	50,080	61,305	4,310	1,820	2,485
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	13,840	10,300	3,535	500	360	135
50. Visual and performing arts	97,550	39,775	57,770	3,810	1,465	2,350
Humanities	148,140	50,890	97,255	6,620	1,980	4,645
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	17,660	3,540	14,120	1,045	190	850
23. English language and literature/letters	41,970	11,575	30,395	1,670	350	1,315
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	45,505	14,730	30,775	2,345	645	1,700
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	740	345	390	15	10	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	9,615	5,405	4,205	275	140	135
39. Theology and religious vocations	7,505	4,705	2,800	505	335	165
54. History	20,195	9,940	10,250	590	275	310
55. French language and literature/letters	4,965	635	4,325	185	20	160
Social and behavioural sciences and law	328,240	111,705	216,530	14,595	5,245	9,350
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	4,530	880	3,645	130	15	115
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	36,715	14,295	22,425	1,175	460	710
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	44,120	3,755	40,370	1,770	175	1,595
22. Legal professions and studies	58,950	20,950	38,000	2,050	760	1,295
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	5,295	1,275	4,020	195	40	155
42. Psychology	44,300	10,030	34,270	1,880	410	1,465
45. Social sciences	134,325	60,520	73,810	7,395	3,385	4,010
Business, management and public administration	564,595	248,210	316,390	36,400	15,140	21,260
30.16 Accounting and computer science	1,160	430	735	90	40	55
44. Public administration and social service professions	33,415	6,830	26,585	1,110	210	900
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	530,015	240,955	289,060	35,200	14,890	20,310
Physical and life sciences and technologies	103,055	46,585	56,475	6,390	2,860	3,530
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	43,415	16,535	26,875	2,440	960	1,480
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25,865	11,000	14,865	1,910	805	1,110
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	1,995	655	1,335	155	50	100
40. Physical sciences	28,260	17,290	10,970	1,675	985	685
41. Science technologies/technicians	3,535	1,110	2,430	210	60	160
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	148,790	96,820	51,970	12,235	8,125	4,105
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	118,355	81,355	37,000	9,745	6,785	2,965
25. Library science	4,220	735	3,485	160	35	130
27. Mathematics and statistics	23,830	13,135	10,700	2,095	1,150	945
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	2,380	1,595	790	235	155	75
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	373,050	316,715	56,335	20,950	17,370	3,580
04. Architecture and related services	25,325	15,870	9,455	1,060	660	400
14. Engineering	171,640	134,400	37,240	12,715	10,005	2,715
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	61,555	55,085	6,465	3,180	2,835	350
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	95	20	75	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	45,310	44,305	1,000	1,195	1,165	30
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	47,060	45,880	1,170	2,025	1,985	40
48. Precision production	22,075	21,155	915	775	720	50
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	24,915	12,845	12,070	1,105	570	530
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	14,535	7,740	6,800	640	335	300
03. Natural resources and conservation	10,375	5,105	5,270	465	235	225
Health and related fields	260,215	62,080	198,135	11,675	3,140	8,535
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	21,080	10,715	10,365	970	510	465
51. Health professions and related programs	229,345	46,565	182,780	10,275	2,420	7,850
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	9,790	4,795	4,990	430	210	225
Personal, protective and transportation services	85,575	41,185	44,390	3,220	1,440	1,780
12. Personal and culinary services	52,095	15,715	36,385	2,305	705	1,595
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	285	245	40	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	255	240	15	25	25	0
43. Security and protective services	20,920	14,315	6,605	525	415	105
49. Transportation and materials moving	12,015	10,670	1,345	365	285	75
Other	285	80	205	15	0	15
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	285	75	210	15	0	15
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,905	272,050	131,175	140,880
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,057,080	998,935	1,058,145	116,910	54,860	62,050
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	2,822,010	1,346,255	1,475,760	155,140	76,310	78,825
Location of study inside Canada	1,913,405	904,105	1,009,300	99,450	48,960	50,490
Same as province or territory of residence	1,765,910	831,915	934,000	92,700	45,470	47,225
Different than province or territory of residence	147,495	72,195	75,305	6,750	3,495	3,260
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	908,605	442,150	466,460	55,690	27,350	28,340
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	83,885	46,165	37,725	4,555	2,610	1,945
Philippines	96,085	33,600	62,485	3,635	1,180	2,460
India	142,155	71,730	70,420	6,490	3,195	3,300
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	59,990	33,500	26,490	3,590	2,070	1,525
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	78,940	37,355	41,580	13,830	6,645	7,190
France	6,680	3,625	3,055	220	125	95
Other	440,875	216,165	224,710	23,365	11,530	11,830
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	3,288,690	1,578,635	1,710,055	180,930	85,685	95,250
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,035,250	520,540	514,715	58,295	27,005	31,290
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	2,253,435	1,058,100	1,195,340	122,640	58,680	63,960
Location of study inside Canada	1,525,890	713,690	812,200	79,335	38,495	40,835
Same as province or territory of residence	1,408,565	656,055	752,510	74,070	35,780	38,290
Different than province or territory of residence	117,325	57,635	59,690	5,265	2,710	2,550
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	727,550	344,405	383,140	43,305	20,190	23,120
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	66,805	35,720	31,085	3,655	2,010	1,645
Philippines	81,210	27,965	53,245	2,800	830	1,970
India	122,145	59,885	62,265	5,175	2,430	2,750
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	37,190	20,385	16,805	2,235	1,245	990
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	66,635	31,040	35,595	11,750	5,520	6,230
France	5,615	3,030	2,590	175	95	80
Other	347,945	166,390	181,555	17,510	8,055	9,455
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,900	272,050	131,175	140,875
In the labour force	3,234,350	1,670,030	1,564,315	172,130	89,745	82,385
Employed	2,984,990	1,546,745	1,438,250	159,640	83,580	76,060
Unemployed	249,360	123,290	126,070	12,495	6,165	6,330
Not in the labour force	1,644,740	675,160	969,585	99,920	41,430	58,490
Participation rate	66.3	71.2	61.7	63.3	68.4	58.5
Employment rate	61.2	66.0	56.8	58.7	63.7	54.0
Unemployment rate	7.7	7.4	8.1	7.3	6.9	7.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,905	272,050	131,170	140,880
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	1,592,740	654,475	938,270	95,585	39,590	56,005
Worked	3,286,350	1,690,715	1,595,635	176,465	91,585	84,875
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	1,694,705	941,950	752,765	89,930	50,180	39,750
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	1,591,645	748,775	842,875	86,530	41,405	45,125
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.6	43.3	41.9	42.4	43.1	41.6
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	3,234,350	1,670,035	1,564,320	172,135	89,745	82,390
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,210	41,705	48,505	4,850	2,205	2,645
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,325	1,515,815	167,285	87,535	79,750
Employee	2,744,970	1,368,035	1,376,935	143,110	71,835	71,270
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	399,170	260,290	138,885	24,180	15,705	8,475
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	3,234,355	1,670,030	1,564,320	172,135	89,745	82,385
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,215	41,710	48,505	4,850	2,205	2,640
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,325	1,515,815	167,290	87,540	79,750
0 Management occupations	376,890	228,640	148,255	21,920	13,885	8,030
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	576,955	203,575	373,375	33,775	11,945	21,835
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	269,965	206,395	63,570	19,980	15,270	4,700
3 Health occupations	173,475	41,565	131,915	9,030	2,475	6,555
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	357,990	109,080	248,905	16,190	4,910	11,280
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	127,395	62,535	64,855	5,215	2,610	2,610
6 Sales and service occupations	735,270	338,725	396,550	40,005	19,820	20,190
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	351,740	327,065	24,675	12,595	11,665	930
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	24,245	19,360	4,885	915	760	155
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	150,215	91,390	58,825	7,660	4,195	3,470
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	3,234,350	1,670,035	1,564,315	172,135	89,745	82,390
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,210	41,710	48,505	4,850	2,205	2,640
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,320	1,515,815	167,285	87,535	79,745
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	9,410	5,515	3,890	295	165	125
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	4,500	3,110	1,395	210	145	65
22 Utilities	15,860	10,905	4,955	910	615	300
23 Construction	191,430	166,670	24,750	7,135	6,040	1,095
31-33 Manufacturing	285,825	188,490	97,335	15,160	9,450	5,715
41 Wholesale trade	143,725	88,880	54,845	9,675	6,085	3,590
44-45 Retail trade	338,675	161,855	176,820	18,830	9,595	9,235
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	168,165	123,115	45,050	5,635	4,120	1,515
51 Information and cultural industries	106,940	61,970	44,970	5,495	3,220	2,275
52 Finance and insurance	247,475	118,710	128,760	17,555	8,510	9,050
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	82,665	44,590	38,075	5,460	3,015	2,450
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	339,305	191,155	148,150	20,615	12,055	8,565
55 Management of companies and enterprises	8,680	3,615	5,065	430	180	245
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	162,185	89,190	72,995	7,040	3,915	3,125
61 Educational services	229,025	70,820	158,200	11,650	3,735	7,915
62 Health care and social assistance	287,975	58,110	229,865	14,060	3,185	10,880
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	63,745	33,560	30,185	2,530	1,450	1,080
72 Accommodation and food services	204,315	93,560	110,760	12,035	6,345	5,695
81 Other services (except public administration)	134,570	56,235	78,335	6,930	2,915	4,015
91 Public administration	119,675	58,255	61,415	5,610	2,805	2,815
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	2,984,990	1,546,745	1,438,245	159,635	83,575	76,060
Worked at home	218,365	111,020	107,345	13,310	6,845	6,465
Worked outside Canada	19,580	13,225	6,350	1,760	1,230	535
No fixed workplace address	346,205	246,815	99,395	16,670	11,660	5,010
Worked at usual place	2,400,845	1,175,685	1,225,160	127,895	63,845	64,050
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	2,400,850	1,175,685	1,225,160	127,895	63,845	64,050
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,353,665	614,770	738,890	40,260	18,625	21,635
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	243,620	119,725	123,890	18,160	9,420	8,740
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	798,155	437,940	360,215	69,170	35,630	33,535
Commute to a different province or territory	5,410	3,250	2,160	305	170	135
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	2,747,050	1,422,500	1,324,550	144,565	75,505	69,065
Car, truck, van - as a driver	1,714,795	982,905	731,890	105,735	59,670	46,065
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	154,360	56,295	98,065	10,665	3,230	7,435
Public transit	667,255	281,110	386,145	23,520	10,545	12,980
Walked	144,135	64,380	79,750	3,060	1,220	1,835
Bicycle	39,320	24,920	14,395	465	315	145
Other method	27,190	12,890	14,300	1,125	525	600
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	2,747,050	1,422,500	1,324,550	144,565	75,505	69,060
Less than 15 minutes	391,400	177,910	213,490	18,125	8,130	9,995
15 to 29 minutes	783,980	398,445	385,535	41,675	20,540	21,130
30 to 44 minutes	726,575	394,790	331,790	37,695	20,835	16,855
45 to 59 minutes	372,095	198,325	173,770	17,775	10,080	7,695
60 minutes and over	473,000	253,030	219,970	29,295	15,920	13,380
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	2,747,055	1,422,500	1,324,555	144,565	75,505	69,060
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	158,945	113,980	44,970	5,155	3,595	1,560
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	416,640	250,560	166,080	18,365	10,565	7,800
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	699,920	339,560	360,360	37,930	18,995	18,930
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	649,740	299,940	349,800	36,450	18,215	18,230
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	404,420	192,285	212,135	29,660	15,210	14,450
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	417,380	226,175	191,205	17,010	8,920	8,090
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	3,404,195	1,747,775	1,656,415	183,015	94,770	88,250
Single responses	3,323,390	1,708,945	1,614,450	175,420	91,235	84,185
Official languages	3,230,665	1,659,815	1,570,850	157,265	81,690	75,575
English	3,218,730	1,656,605	1,562,120	156,870	81,595	75,270
French	11,940	3,210	8,725	405	95	305
Non-official languages	92,725	49,125	43,600	18,155	9,545	8,605
Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	92,715	49,125	43,590	18,155	9,545	8,610
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,865	1,065	805	30	10	25
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	100	45	60	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	15	10	0	0	0	0
Somali	85	30	55	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,755	1,020	735	30	10	25
Amharic	55	20	35	0	0	0
Arabic	1,165	760	405	15	10	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	110	75	30	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	360	115	245	10	0	10
Maltese	25	15	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	45	25	20	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,780	740	1,045	25	10	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	45	30	25	0	0	0
Vietnamese	1,735	715	1,025	25	10	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,105	415	690	25	15	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	10	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	35	15	20	10	10	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	40	15	20	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	990	370	615	20	10	15
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	25	20	10	0	10	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	20	15	10	10	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	1,910	905	1,000	290	135	155
Kannada	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	55	30	30	0	0	0
Tamil	1,815	870	945	290	130	160
Telugu	35	0	25	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	27,005	14,870	12,135	590	315	275
Albanian	210	125	85	0	0	0
Armenian	140	65	70	0	0	10
Balto-Slavic languages	5,315	2,575	2,745	70	40	35
Baltic languages	55	20	30	0	0	0
Latvian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	45	15	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5,260	2,550	2,710	75	35	35
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	45	30	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	115	75	40	0	0	0
Croatian	95	55	35	0	0	0
Czech	15	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	80	35	40	10	0	10
Polish	1,490	800	690	0	0	0
Russian	2,515	1,095	1,415	70	40	30
Serbian	160	110	55	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	20	10	0	0	0	0
Slovak	45	30	15	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	680	290	390	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	380	145	230	25	0	20
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	20	0	10	10	0	10
Dutch	60	40	25	10	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	240	70	165	10	0	15
Icelandic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Swedish	20	10	15	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	340	190	155	10	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10,855	6,035	4,815	425	235	190
Indo-Aryan languages	8,405	4,500	3,905	210	95	115
Bengali	300	145	155	0	0	0
Gujarati	615	210	405	50	20	35
Hindi	740	355	385	20	10	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	10	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	10	15	10	0	10
Nepali	60	20	35	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5,635	3,250	2,385	90	45	45
Sindhi	20	10	15	10	10	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	20	15	10	0	0	0
Urdu	985	480	505	25	10	15
Iranian languages	2,445	1,535	910	210	135	75
Kurdish	85	75	10	0	0	0
Pashto	10	10	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	2,350	1,460	890	210	135	75
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Italic (Romance) languages	9,760	5,730	4,030	55	35	15
Catalan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	775	415	355	0	10	0
Portuguese	5,070	3,365	1,705	0	0	0
Romanian	245	105	140	0	0	0
Spanish	3,660	1,840	1,820	40	25	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	775	250	520	15	10	10
Kartvelian languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Georgian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Korean	4,265	2,155	2,105	255	120	135
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	70	35	35	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	15	0	15	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	20	15	10	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	10	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	350	140	210	0	10	0
American Sign Language	245	80	170	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	110	65	45	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	52,745	28,050	24,695	16,895	8,925	7,970
Chinese languages	52,700	28,020	24,675	16,900	8,930	7,970
Cantonese	25,335	13,205	12,130	9,545	4,955	4,590
Hakka	35	10	25	15	0	15
Mandarin	26,135	14,210	11,930	7,060	3,825	3,235
Min Dong	25	15	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	220	145	75	75	45	25
Wu (Shanghainese)	30	20	10	10	0	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	910	420	490	190	85	105
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	50	30	20	0	0	0
Burmese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	40	25	15	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	70	30	40	0	0	0
Lao	10	0	10	0	0	0
Thai	65	30	30	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	415	285	130	10	0	10
Azerbaijani	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turkish	400	270	130	10	0	10
Uyghur	0	10	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	305	140	165	0	0	0
Estonian	50	15	35	0	0	0
Finnish	45	10	35	0	0	0
Hungarian	220	125	95	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple responses	80,805	38,835	41,970	7,600	3,530	4,065
English and French	16,405	6,285	10,115	700	280	415
English and non-official language	63,155	31,990	31,165	6,840	3,225	3,615
French and non-official language	85	45	40	10	10	10
English, French and non-official language	1,160	510	645	50	20	30
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	3,404,200	1,747,780	1,656,420	183,015	94,770	88,250
None	3,137,830	1,614,155	1,523,680	158,210	82,610	75,600
English	44,560	21,510	23,050	6,560	3,260	3,300
French	47,885	20,415	27,475	1,300	550	750
Non-official language	169,430	89,575	79,855	16,470	8,140	8,330
Aboriginal	155	50	105	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	169,270	89,525	79,750	16,470	8,140	8,325
English and French	85	45	45	0	0	0
English and non-official language	1,225	585	640	405	175	230
French and non-official language	3,160	1,480	1,675	70	25	45
English, French and non-official language	25	20	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	5,802,555	2,819,345	2,983,215	324,405	158,190	166,210
Non-movers	5,070,300	2,459,065	2,611,235	290,195	141,600	148,600
Movers	732,260	360,275	371,980	34,205	16,590	17,615
Non-migrants	433,235	212,190	221,040	19,415	9,365	10,050
Migrants	299,025	148,080	150,940	14,790	7,225	7,565
Internal migrants	194,570	96,145	98,430	9,140	4,495	4,650
Intraprovincial migrants	168,510	83,115	85,395	8,290	4,100	4,190
Interprovincial migrants	26,065	13,030	13,030	860	400	460
External migrants	104,455	51,940	52,515	5,645	2,730	2,915
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	5,553,650	2,691,730	2,861,915	310,325	150,890	159,435
Non-movers	3,411,530	1,646,850	1,764,680	200,440	97,975	102,465
Movers	2,142,120	1,044,880	1,097,235	109,885	52,915	56,965
Non-migrants	1,174,140	570,770	603,370	57,580	27,840	29,740
Migrants	967,975	474,110	493,860	52,305	25,075	27,230
Internal migrants	577,355	282,680	294,680	31,370	15,370	16,000
Intraprovincial migrants	510,305	250,225	260,080	29,130	14,330	14,800
Interprovincial migrants	67,050	32,450	34,600	2,235	1,040	1,195
External migrants	390,620	191,435	199,185	20,940	9,710	11,230