Census Profile, 2016 Census
Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario and Calgary [Population centre], Alberta

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Toronto Ontario [Census metropolitan area]			Calgary Alberta [Population centre]
	Data quality , Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario  Map : Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Calgary [Population centre], Alberta  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	5,928,040	...	...	1,237,656	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	5,583,064	...	...	1,094,379r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	6.2	...	...	13.1	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	2,235,145	...	...	489,271	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	2,135,909	...	...	466,391	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,003.8	...	...	2,111.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	5,905.84	...	...	586.08	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	5,928,040	2,876,755	3,051,290	1,237,650	617,210	620,440
0 to 14 years	985,615	505,690	479,920	226,580	116,325	110,255
0 to 4 years	310,070	158,835	151,235	77,820	39,975	37,840
5 to 9 years	338,320	173,665	164,660	79,230	40,790	38,440
10 to 14 years	337,220	173,190	164,035	69,530	35,560	33,970
15 to 64 years	4,083,850	1,988,910	2,094,935	872,320	437,655	434,665
15 to 19 years	366,525	188,790	177,735	69,630	35,685	33,940
20 to 24 years	411,945	210,445	201,500	78,480	39,740	38,735
25 to 29 years	424,345	209,785	214,560	99,950	49,625	50,325
30 to 34 years	419,845	201,620	218,220	109,160	54,535	54,630
35 to 39 years	406,175	190,620	215,555	100,160	49,720	50,445
40 to 44 years	414,490	195,580	218,910	93,220	46,670	46,545
45 to 49 years	440,145	210,225	229,920	87,690	44,345	43,345
50 to 54 years	460,465	225,115	235,350	86,785	43,525	43,255
55 to 59 years	407,175	198,170	209,005	82,155	41,160	40,995
60 to 64 years	332,740	158,560	174,175	65,095	32,645	32,450
65 years and over	858,580	382,150	476,435	138,750	63,230	75,520
65 to 69 years	280,910	132,275	148,635	48,950	23,915	25,035
70 to 74 years	197,490	91,745	105,745	31,665	15,070	16,590
75 to 79 years	151,925	68,045	83,880	22,775	10,250	12,530
80 to 84 years	113,220	49,005	64,215	17,360	7,505	9,860
85 years and over	115,030	41,080	73,955	18,000	6,495	11,500
85 to 89 years	72,340	28,160	44,175	11,505	4,530	6,975
90 to 94 years	33,400	10,570	22,835	4,985	1,605	3,375
95 to 99 years	8,030	2,115	5,915	1,355	345	1,010
100 years and over	1,270	230	1,040	165	20	145
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	17.6	15.7	18.3	18.8	17.8
15 to 64 years	68.9	69.1	68.7	70.5	70.9	70.1
65 years and over	14.5	13.3	15.6	11.2	10.2	12.2
85 years and over	1.9	1.4	2.4	1.5	1.1	1.9
Average age of the population	39.7	38.7	40.6	37.6	37.0	38.2
Median age of the population	39.4	38.2	40.4	36.7	36.2	37.1
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	2,135,910	...	...	466,395	...	...
Single-detached house	846,405	...	...	262,430	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	626,905	...	...	32,885	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	661,955	...	...	169,050	...	...
Semi-detached house	158,815	...	...	29,430	...	...
Row house	195,245	...	...	44,710	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	89,975	...	...	21,860	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	214,365	...	...	72,850	...	...
Other single-attached house	3,555	...	...	195	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	640	...	...	2,025	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	2,135,910	...	...	466,390	...	...
1 person	519,795	...	...	114,185	...	...
2 persons	598,700	...	...	150,775	...	...
3 persons	373,775	...	...	78,405	...	...
4 persons	377,170	...	...	75,220	...	...
5 or more persons	266,470	...	...	47,805	...	...
Number of persons in private households	5,862,855	...	...	1,221,000	...	...
Average household size	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	4,942,430	2,371,060	2,571,365	1,011,070	500,885	510,185
Married or living common law	2,758,170	1,378,855	1,379,315	595,925	298,785	297,135
Married	2,466,925	1,230,930	1,235,995	506,035	253,695	252,340
Living common law	291,240	147,925	143,320	89,885	45,090	44,795
Not married and not living common law	2,184,260	992,210	1,192,050	415,150	202,105	213,050
Never married	1,537,495	798,270	739,220	292,725	160,265	132,465
Separated	130,030	51,235	78,795	22,220	9,685	12,540
Divorced	271,530	97,385	174,150	62,225	24,230	37,995
Widowed	245,200	45,310	199,890	37,970	7,925	30,045
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	1,625,790	...	...	336,770	...	...
2 persons	682,915	...	...	155,450	...	...
3 persons	397,625	...	...	75,845	...	...
4 persons	391,440	...	...	74,685	...	...
5 or more persons	153,805	...	...	30,785	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	1,625,790	...	...	336,770	...	...
Total couple families	1,333,645	...	...	289,225	...	...
Married couples	1,188,130	...	...	244,295	...	...
Common-law couples	145,515	...	...	44,935	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	292,150	...	...	47,545	...	...
Female parent	241,820	...	...	37,050	...	...
Male parent	50,325	...	...	10,495	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	1,333,645	...	...	289,225	...	...
Couples without children	509,835	...	...	126,065	...	...
Couples with children	823,805	...	...	163,160	...	...
1 child	312,605	...	...	62,340	...	...
2 children	366,295	...	...	71,235	...	...
3 or more children	144,910	...	...	29,585	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	292,145	...	...	47,545	...	...
1 child	173,080	...	...	29,385	...	...
2 children	85,025	...	...	13,505	...	...
3 or more children	34,040	...	...	4,650	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	923,210	415,830	507,380	219,475	112,410	107,070
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	2,135,910	...	...	466,395	...	...
One-census-family households	1,430,535	...	...	309,995	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	434,860	...	...	115,155	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	995,670	...	...	194,840	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	93,790	...	...	12,900	...	...
Non-census-family households	611,585	...	...	143,500	...	...
One-person households	519,790	...	...	114,185	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	91,795	...	...	29,320	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,885	1,226,780	612,060	614,725
English only	5,154,905	2,553,030	2,601,880	1,107,090	558,230	548,855
French only	4,855	2,035	2,815	1,165	505	655
English and French	464,980	201,080	263,900	89,335	41,345	47,990
Neither English nor French	258,925	102,635	156,290	29,190	11,970	17,220
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	5,883,665	2,858,785	3,024,885	1,226,780	612,060	614,725
English	5,503,690	2,700,905	2,802,785	1,171,870	587,145	584,725
French	72,790	33,545	39,245	18,945	9,585	9,355
English and French	51,895	23,470	28,425	7,390	3,665	3,730
Neither English nor French	255,295	100,870	154,430	28,575	11,660	16,915
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	98,735	45,280	53,455	22,640	11,420	11,220
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	1.7	1.6	1.8	1.8	1.9	1.8
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,880	1,226,785	612,060	614,725
Single responses	5,645,915	2,743,825	2,902,090	1,188,730	593,530	595,195
Official languages	3,127,355	1,550,385	1,576,970	824,410	417,710	406,695
English	3,061,820	1,520,045	1,541,775	806,275	408,530	397,750
French	65,535	30,340	35,195	18,135	9,185	8,950
Non-official languages	2,518,555	1,193,440	1,325,120	364,320	175,820	188,500
Aboriginal languages	575	255	325	695	250	440
Algonquian languages	400	175	230	490	185	300
Blackfoot	5	10	0	225	85	135
Cree-Montagnais languages	115	45	70	195	80	115
Atikamekw	5	0	5	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	0	0	5	0
Moose Cree	10	0	10	0	0	0
Naskapi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	10	0	5	50	20	30
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	30	10	20	10	0	5
Woods Cree	5	0	0	5	5	10
Cree, n.o.s.	55	20	35	125	55	70
Eastern Algonquian languages	25	10	15	10	5	5
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	25	10	15	10	5	5
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	250	115	140	60	10	50
Algonquin	5	0	0	0	5	0
Ojibway	230	105	120	50	10	45
Oji-Cree	10	5	5	5	0	5
Ottawa (Odawa)	15	5	10	5	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	25	10	15	50	20	35
Northern Athabaskan languages	25	10	15	55	20	35
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	5	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dene	5	5	5	20	10	10
Dogrib (Tlicho)	5	0	0	0	0	5
Gwich'in	5	0	5	5	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	5	5	20	5	15
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	5	0	5
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	35	15	20	20	10	10
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Inuktitut	30	10	20	5	5	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Iroquoian languages	20	5	10	0	0	5
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	15	10	5	5	0	0
Oneida	5	0	5	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	5	0	0	10	5	10
Salish languages	5	0	0	5	5	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	5	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	90	25	70
Dakota	5	0	0	20	5	15
Stoney	0	0	0	70	20	50
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	80	40	40	20	10	10
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,517,980	1,193,185	1,324,795	363,630	175,570	188,060
Afro-Asiatic languages	140,140	69,950	70,195	28,940	15,185	13,760
Berber languages	220	130	90	130	75	55
Kabyle	105	60	50	60	30	30
Berber languages, n.i.e.	115	70	45	75	40	25
Cushitic languages	14,405	6,195	8,205	2,465	1,225	1,240
Bilen	80	45	35	50	30	20
Oromo	1,005	490	515	940	485	455
Somali	13,255	5,625	7,630	1,460	705	755
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	65	35	30	10	5	5
Semitic languages	125,160	63,435	61,725	26,300	13,855	12,450
Amharic	7,460	3,375	4,085	4,045	1,950	2,090
Arabic	85,175	43,805	41,365	18,355	9,860	8,495
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10,195	4,985	5,215	280	150	130
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	1,845	920	925	80	40	40
Harari	930	435	490	70	40	30
Hebrew	10,390	5,560	4,830	480	240	245
Maltese	3,525	1,730	1,795	35	15	15
Tigrigna	4,725	2,160	2,560	2,750	1,460	1,290
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	925	465	460	205	105	110
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	355	185	175	40	25	15
Austro-Asiatic languages	51,160	23,360	27,800	13,365	6,235	7,125
Khmer (Cambodian)	3,090	1,400	1,690	835	400	435
Vietnamese	48,005	21,935	26,070	12,520	5,830	6,685
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	65	25	40	5	5	5
Austronesian languages	160,980	63,835	97,150	46,370	20,125	26,240
Bikol	470	210	260	190	85	105
Cebuano	5,080	2,020	3,055	1,925	820	1,100
Fijian	55	25	25	40	20	15
Hiligaynon	2,320	890	1,435	665	260	400
Ilocano	9,415	3,685	5,735	2,540	1,110	1,435
Malagasy	25	15	15	20	5	15
Malay	4,420	1,995	2,430	760	330	425
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,305	580	725	260	125	130
Pangasinan	450	185	270	125	50	70
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	136,115	53,725	82,385	39,235	17,045	22,185
Waray-Waray	315	105	205	140	65	75
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,015	400	610	475	200	275
Creole languages	5,505	2,575	2,930	605	305	300
Haitian Creole	200	95	110	20	10	5
Creole, n.o.s.	3,380	1,600	1,785	415	205	210
Creole languages, n.i.e.	1,920	875	1,040	180	90	85
Dravidian languages	133,415	65,680	67,740	5,125	2,670	2,460
Kannada	2,025	1,015	1,010	285	145	140
Malayalam	12,530	6,430	6,100	2,075	1,065	1,010
Tamil	109,580	53,225	56,355	1,805	955	855
Telugu	9,015	4,880	4,135	930	490	440
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	275	135	140	25	15	15
Hmong-Mien languages	25	10	15	90	45	45
Indo-European languages	1,372,335	664,655	707,680	175,190	86,705	88,485
Albanian	13,260	6,615	6,645	1,325	700	630
Armenian	12,570	6,070	6,505	245	130	120
Balto-Slavic languages	261,650	119,970	141,685	29,575	13,830	15,745
Baltic languages	5,445	2,185	3,260	495	235	260
Latvian	2,255	905	1,350	165	80	95
Lithuanian	3,185	1,280	1,910	325	155	170
Slavic languages	256,205	117,785	138,420	29,080	13,600	15,485
Belarusan	355	170	185	20	10	10
Bosnian	2,750	1,330	1,415	780	390	395
Bulgarian	6,945	3,350	3,590	925	475	450
Croatian	16,525	7,925	8,595	1,890	930	960
Czech	4,795	2,215	2,580	1,360	640	720
Macedonian	12,010	5,700	6,315	150	75	75
Polish	69,860	31,625	38,240	7,670	3,610	4,060
Russian	83,105	37,735	45,375	9,255	4,185	5,070
Serbian	21,420	10,425	10,995	1,815	910	905
Serbo-Croatian	2,420	1,130	1,290	515	250	265
Slovak	5,260	2,455	2,800	1,070	520	555
Slovene (Slovenian)	3,705	1,630	2,075	235	100	135
Ukrainian	26,550	11,840	14,710	3,350	1,485	1,860
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	510	265	245	55	35	20
Celtic languages	460	210	250	115	60	60
Scottish Gaelic	165	75	90	45	25	25
Welsh	150	65	85	55	30	25
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	140	75	70	20	10	5
Germanic languages	45,990	20,810	25,180	15,710	7,520	8,185
Afrikaans	985	475	510	805	400	410
Danish	1,570	710	855	755	385	370
Dutch	8,585	4,045	4,540	3,455	1,725	1,725
Frisian	135	60	75	35	15	15
German	29,425	13,140	16,285	9,925	4,665	5,255
Icelandic	85	40	45	65	35	30
Norwegian	380	170	210	220	95	130
Swedish	1,140	485	660	275	120	155
Vlaams (Flemish)	280	110	170	90	45	50
Yiddish	3,355	1,555	1,800	85	35	40
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	50	20	25	10	5	0
Greek	41,225	20,005	21,215	1,470	740	735
Indo-Iranian languages	589,495	296,750	292,745	86,810	43,990	42,820
Indo-Aryan languages	476,470	239,960	236,510	74,000	37,325	36,675
Bengali	38,325	19,275	19,045	4,045	2,070	1,970
Gujarati	64,115	32,120	31,995	5,375	2,705	2,670
Hindi	48,140	24,165	23,975	7,025	3,580	3,440
Kashmiri	275	140	140	80	45	35
Konkani	2,155	1,020	1,135	165	80	85
Marathi	4,465	2,270	2,200	840	430	410
Nepali	4,685	2,350	2,330	1,925	1,010	915
Oriya (Odia)	585	315	270	100	50	45
Punjabi (Panjabi)	171,230	86,995	84,230	35,585	17,915	17,675
Sindhi	5,800	2,720	3,085	1,665	780	885
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	7,860	3,805	4,055	925	450	470
Urdu	128,845	64,790	64,060	16,275	8,200	8,075
Iranian languages	111,100	55,775	55,330	11,875	6,170	5,700
Kurdish	2,775	1,555	1,220	740	395	345
Pashto	7,685	3,960	3,730	1,610	825	785
Persian (Farsi)	100,640	50,255	50,380	9,525	4,950	4,575
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	1,920	1,020	910	935	490	445
Italic (Romance) languages	407,685	194,225	213,460	39,935	19,740	20,190
Catalan	165	90	75	45	20	25
Italian	151,415	72,645	78,770	4,995	2,545	2,450
Portuguese	104,305	50,075	54,235	3,360	1,595	1,760
Romanian	25,075	11,670	13,400	4,495	2,285	2,205
Spanish	126,500	59,645	66,860	27,030	13,290	13,740
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	225	105	125	10	5	5
Japanese	9,650	3,370	6,280	2,305	815	1,495
Kartvelian languages	1,110	595	515	130	75	55
Georgian	1,110	595	515	130	70	55
Korean	55,005	25,250	29,750	8,875	4,105	4,770
Mongolic languages	345	155	190	450	210	240
Mongolian	345	155	190	445	210	235
Niger-Congo languages	24,130	11,310	12,820	5,575	2,860	2,715
Akan (Twi)	8,490	3,905	4,580	640	335	305
Bamanankan	60	30	30	15	5	5
Edo	1,020	410	610	100	65	35
Ewe	370	185	190	55	35	25
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	220	115	105	80	45	40
Ga	440	200	245	55	25	25
Ganda	515	245	270	40	15	20
Igbo	1,520	775	750	680	360	320
Lingala	375	175	200	85	40	45
Rundi (Kirundi)	355	165	185	140	70	75
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	380	175	210	115	60	60
Shona	680	325	355	290	145	150
Swahili	3,215	1,495	1,715	755	365	390
Wolof	160	90	80	120	65	50
Yoruba	3,380	1,720	1,655	1,370	720	650
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	2,945	1,310	1,635	1,040	515	525
Nilo-Saharan languages	360	200	160	1,495	735	755
Dinka	45	25	15	720	360	355
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	315	170	145	775	370	400
Sign languages	1,220	665	555	235	130	105
American Sign Language	470	250	220	85	45	45
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	750	420	330	145	90	60
Sino-Tibetan languages	516,670	239,930	276,740	68,080	32,050	36,035
Chinese languages	510,185	236,775	273,415	66,845	31,435	35,410
Cantonese	247,710	115,020	132,680	33,690	15,835	17,855
Hakka	6,495	2,915	3,580	340	155	185
Mandarin	227,085	105,655	121,435	28,335	13,360	14,975
Min Dong	765	370	395	45	20	20
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	11,580	5,345	6,235	1,675	745	925
Wu (Shanghainese)	5,290	2,380	2,910	370	170	195
Chinese, n.o.s.	11,075	4,995	6,080	2,385	1,150	1,235
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	190	95	95	10	5	5
Tibeto-Burman languages	6,485	3,160	3,325	1,240	615	625
Burmese	1,005	450	555	265	135	130
Karenic languages	265	125	140	280	135	150
Tibetan	4,875	2,410	2,470	550	280	265
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	335	175	160	145	65	80
Tai-Kadai languages	3,935	1,600	2,340	1,005	365	640
Lao	2,275	1,095	1,180	430	195	230
Thai	1,640	495	1,145	565	165	400
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	25	10	15	5	5	5
Turkic languages	16,700	8,685	8,015	1,720	945	775
Azerbaijani	1,615	865	745	240	135	105
Turkish	13,700	7,145	6,550	1,210	680	525
Uyghur	385	195	195	60	30	30
Uzbek	595	300	295	75	35	40
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	405	180	225	140	60	75
Uralic languages	24,330	10,880	13,455	3,755	1,810	1,950
Estonian	2,685	1,100	1,585	90	45	45
Finnish	2,515	1,010	1,505	280	105	170
Hungarian	19,130	8,765	10,360	3,390	1,655	1,735
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	960	495	465	320	190	130
Multiple responses	237,755	114,960	122,795	38,055	18,530	19,530
English and French	14,945	6,895	8,050	3,195	1,525	1,670
English and non-official language	210,320	102,445	107,880	33,110	16,170	16,940
French and non-official language	6,050	2,715	3,330	1,005	515	490
English, French and non-official language	6,440	2,910	3,535	750	320	430
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,880	1,226,785	612,060	614,725
Single responses	5,321,900	2,588,170	2,733,730	1,143,930	571,575	572,355
Official languages	3,866,565	1,899,565	1,966,995	931,960	468,085	463,875
English	3,836,765	1,885,800	1,950,970	924,325	464,195	460,125
French	29,795	13,770	16,030	7,640	3,895	3,745
Non-official languages	1,455,335	688,605	766,730	211,970	103,485	108,480
Aboriginal languages	160	85	80	185	90	90
Algonquian languages	80	40	35	125	65	60
Blackfoot	0	0	0	60	35	25
Cree-Montagnais languages	20	10	10	60	30	30
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	0	5	5	0
Moose Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	5	10	55	30	25
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	45	20	20	5	0	5
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	35	20	15	5	5	5
Oji-Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	15	5	5	15	10	10
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	5	5	15	10	10
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	5	0	0	5	0	5
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	5	0	0	5
Gwich'in	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	5	0	5	5	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	5	0	5	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	15	5	0	0	0	5
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	5	0	5	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	5	0	5	5	0
Salish languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	5	0	25	10	15
Dakota	0	0	0	15	0	10
Stoney	0	0	0	15	10	10
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	50	25	30	5	5	5
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,455,175	688,520	766,655	211,790	103,400	108,390
Afro-Asiatic languages	74,095	35,480	38,615	17,940	9,160	8,780
Berber languages	65	30	30	60	35	25
Kabyle	35	15	15	25	15	10
Berber languages, n.i.e.	35	15	15	30	20	15
Cushitic languages	8,380	3,530	4,850	1,640	800	840
Bilen	40	15	20	45	25	25
Oromo	545	250	290	700	350	355
Somali	7,765	3,250	4,520	890	425	460
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	30	15	20	5	5	0
Semitic languages	65,465	31,830	33,635	16,220	8,320	7,905
Amharic	3,815	1,680	2,135	2,705	1,295	1,410
Arabic	45,020	22,145	22,875	10,780	5,580	5,195
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	6,790	3,255	3,535	200	100	100
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	1,095	535	560	65	35	30
Harari	520	235	285	45	25	25
Hebrew	4,395	2,265	2,135	240	120	120
Maltese	875	395	475	5	0	5
Tigrigna	2,480	1,085	1,395	2,045	1,090	955
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	480	225	250	145	75	70
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	185	90	95	15	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages	33,450	15,260	18,190	8,755	4,120	4,635
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,655	725	935	425	210	220
Vietnamese	31,760	14,525	17,235	8,325	3,905	4,415
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	30	15	20	0	0	5
Austronesian languages	72,495	30,930	41,570	24,790	11,560	13,230
Bikol	85	35	45	30	10	15
Cebuano	1,875	810	1,065	815	385	430
Fijian	10	10	5	15	10	5
Hiligaynon	780	335	445	200	95	110
Ilocano	3,455	1,480	1,970	1,020	475	540
Malagasy	10	5	5	10	0	10
Malay	1,455	705	750	230	125	105
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	405	180	225	65	30	35
Pangasinan	80	35	40	15	10	10
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	63,985	27,170	36,815	22,195	10,340	11,855
Waray-Waray	75	30	45	50	25	25
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	285	135	150	145	60	85
Creole languages	2,845	1,315	1,535	280	145	140
Haitian Creole	120	55	60	5	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	1,950	900	1,050	215	110	110
Creole languages, n.i.e.	780	355	425	65	30	35
Dravidian languages	88,295	42,605	45,695	3,110	1,580	1,530
Kannada	830	415	410	115	60	55
Malayalam	6,400	3,260	3,140	1,275	645	630
Tamil	76,095	36,265	39,830	1,155	580	575
Telugu	4,870	2,615	2,255	550	285	270
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	95	40	50	20	10	15
Hmong-Mien languages	5	0	5	60	30	35
Indo-European languages	723,495	347,435	376,055	97,070	48,290	48,785
Albanian	6,385	3,195	3,190	610	325	285
Armenian	7,475	3,530	3,940	105	55	50
Balto-Slavic languages	135,230	63,280	71,950	13,295	6,505	6,795
Baltic languages	1,640	680	960	225	120	110
Latvian	600	245	355	80	45	35
Lithuanian	1,045	440	605	150	80	70
Slavic languages	133,590	62,600	70,995	13,070	6,380	6,685
Belarusan	125	60	65	0	0	0
Bosnian	1,330	645	690	350	175	175
Bulgarian	3,860	1,875	1,980	475	240	235
Croatian	5,940	2,845	3,095	680	335	350
Czech	1,415	685	730	395	190	205
Macedonian	4,970	2,355	2,615	80	40	40
Polish	33,325	15,550	17,775	3,115	1,510	1,610
Russian	53,675	24,950	28,720	5,640	2,730	2,910
Serbian	12,200	5,910	6,290	930	460	475
Serbo-Croatian	935	435	500	175	90	85
Slovak	2,290	1,115	1,175	415	205	210
Slovene (Slovenian)	890	385	500	40	15	25
Ukrainian	12,515	5,720	6,790	760	385	370
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	135	55	80	10	5	5
Celtic languages	65	35	30	15	10	5
Scottish Gaelic	25	15	10	5	5	0
Welsh	20	5	10	5	0	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	5	0	0
Germanic languages	5,315	2,430	2,885	2,065	975	1,090
Afrikaans	265	125	145	410	195	220
Danish	135	65	75	65	30	30
Dutch	655	300	350	395	190	200
Frisian	5	0	0	0	0	0
German	3,590	1,625	1,965	1,085	505	580
Icelandic	20	5	15	15	10	5
Norwegian	45	15	20	25	10	15
Swedish	220	100	120	50	25	25
Vlaams (Flemish)	25	15	10	10	5	5
Yiddish	350	175	175	10	5	5
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	5	5	0
Greek	16,940	7,905	9,035	480	225	255
Indo-Iranian languages	367,340	181,800	185,540	58,575	29,405	29,170
Indo-Aryan languages	292,940	145,580	147,360	50,230	25,205	25,025
Bengali	24,615	12,140	12,470	2,700	1,355	1,345
Gujarati	38,265	18,750	19,515	3,045	1,525	1,520
Hindi	23,995	11,925	12,065	3,965	2,040	1,925
Kashmiri	50	25	25	50	25	25
Konkani	440	215	230	35	20	15
Marathi	2,000	1,030	970	445	230	215
Nepali	3,085	1,560	1,525	1,330	685	645
Oriya (Odia)	270	135	140	45	25	20
Punjabi (Panjabi)	116,045	58,355	57,690	26,795	13,430	13,365
Sindhi	2,485	1,140	1,350	705	310	395
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	3,580	1,750	1,825	470	230	240
Urdu	78,105	38,560	39,550	10,645	5,325	5,320
Iranian languages	73,635	35,825	37,805	7,850	3,950	3,905
Kurdish	1,470	795	675	450	230	225
Pashto	4,850	2,430	2,415	1,030	525	510
Persian (Farsi)	67,315	32,600	34,715	6,370	3,195	3,175
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	770	395	375	490	255	240
Italic (Romance) languages	184,745	85,260	99,480	21,920	10,790	11,130
Catalan	80	40	45	25	10	10
Italian	51,815	22,250	29,560	1,215	535	680
Portuguese	50,210	24,070	26,135	1,645	790	855
Romanian	12,200	5,660	6,540	2,330	1,195	1,135
Spanish	70,370	33,205	37,165	16,715	8,255	8,460
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	65	30	35	0	0	0
Japanese	4,550	1,950	2,600	1,070	465	600
Kartvelian languages	745	405	335	80	40	35
Georgian	745	405	335	80	45	35
Korean	38,435	17,960	20,475	6,340	3,015	3,320
Mongolic languages	200	100	95	275	130	145
Mongolian	200	100	95	280	130	145
Niger-Congo languages	8,925	3,985	4,945	1,745	840	905
Akan (Twi)	4,040	1,745	2,300	300	155	145
Bamanankan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Edo	295	115	175	25	10	15
Ewe	95	40	55	15	10	5
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	75	35	40	45	25	25
Ga	150	65	85	15	5	10
Ganda	155	70	85	5	0	0
Igbo	410	205	205	135	65	70
Lingala	95	40	55	25	10	15
Rundi (Kirundi)	125	60	65	65	30	35
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	115	50	65	25	10	15
Shona	235	115	125	95	45	50
Swahili	1,225	540	690	340	155	185
Wolof	80	45	35	65	35	25
Yoruba	1,080	520	560	330	155	170
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	735	330	405	265	130	140
Nilo-Saharan languages	90	45	45	900	435	470
Dinka	15	5	5	440	215	230
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	75	40	40	460	220	240
Sign languages	1,910	1,085	825	310	180	135
American Sign Language	720	375	345	75	40	40
Quebec Sign Language	0	5	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	1,190	710	480	235	140	95
Sino-Tibetan languages	385,150	180,140	205,005	46,295	22,025	24,265
Chinese languages	380,550	177,880	202,675	45,410	21,585	23,825
Cantonese	182,755	84,030	98,725	22,025	10,275	11,745
Hakka	2,725	1,240	1,490	100	35	60
Mandarin	179,665	85,535	94,135	20,865	10,110	10,755
Min Dong	240	105	135	10	0	5
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5,065	2,315	2,745	670	290	375
Wu (Shanghainese)	3,130	1,465	1,665	210	105	105
Chinese, n.o.s.	6,890	3,155	3,735	1,535	760	775
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	85	35	50	5	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	4,595	2,265	2,330	880	440	440
Burmese	575	260	310	175	90	85
Karenic languages	215	105	110	235	105	125
Tibetan	3,705	1,845	1,860	395	205	190
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	100	55	50	70	35	40
Tai-Kadai languages	1,635	765	865	380	165	215
Lao	1,050	505	540	180	75	95
Thai	575	255	320	195	85	110
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	10	5	5
Turkic languages	9,495	4,755	4,740	980	510	470
Azerbaijani	645	325	320	105	55	50
Turkish	8,155	4,070	4,090	730	390	345
Uyghur	225	120	105	45	20	25
Uzbek	315	165	145	50	25	30
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	150	70	80	45	25	25
Uralic languages	9,040	4,135	4,900	1,295	640	660
Estonian	650	240	410	15	5	15
Finnish	510	220	290	35	25	15
Hungarian	7,875	3,680	4,200	1,240	610	630
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	320	165	155	115	70	45
Multiple responses	561,765	270,615	291,155	82,850	40,485	42,365
English and French	13,015	5,965	7,055	2,160	1,080	1,075
English and non-official language	535,630	258,900	276,730	79,110	38,650	40,460
French and non-official language	2,390	1,055	1,340	370	180	190
English, French and non-official language	10,730	4,700	6,035	1,215	565	645
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,885	1,226,780	612,060	614,725
None	4,489,770	2,189,920	2,299,850	1,013,605	508,710	504,900
English	594,565	291,580	302,985	92,670	46,130	46,540
French	52,850	22,910	29,940	11,895	5,435	6,460
Non-official language	720,320	342,165	378,160	104,740	49,860	54,880
Aboriginal	480	205	275	605	240	365
Non-Aboriginal	719,840	341,955	377,885	104,130	49,625	54,510
English and French	4,015	1,855	2,165	640	325	320
English and non-official language	13,540	6,615	6,925	2,060	1,045	1,015
French and non-official language	8,355	3,630	4,730	1,130	535	600
English, French and non-official language	255	120	135	35	20	15
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	995,125	494,055	501,070
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,631,950	2,227,300	2,404,650	944,760	469,085	475,675
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,705	36,559	28,070	43,329	52,561	35,519
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,632,745	2,227,500	2,405,245	944,950	469,140	475,810
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,242	33,167	26,233	38,523	45,393	32,357
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,084,930	2,011,885	2,073,045	883,485	448,790	434,700
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,705	38,299	28,006	43,196	52,389	34,907
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,323,485	1,463,175	1,860,305	543,870	215,680	328,190
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	2,205	1,016	3,814	2,952	1,869	3,373
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,454,585	1,751,255	1,703,330	769,375	399,655	369,720
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,838	39,549	30,701	43,639	52,188	36,017
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,905	995,210	494,100	501,115
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,632,420	2,227,415	2,405,000	945,390	469,290	476,095
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	50,479	60,343	41,343	67,771	85,509	50,286
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,633,195	2,227,640	2,405,550	945,555	469,340	476,215
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,565	47,026	34,582	53,910	66,244	41,754
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,085,085	2,011,905	2,073,175	883,795	448,920	434,875
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	52,042	62,785	41,617	68,519	86,325	50,138
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,323,000	1,463,150	1,859,850	543,805	215,575	328,230
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,392	5,530	7,071	6,459	6,381	6,511
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,454,590	1,751,680	1,702,905	769,535	399,690	369,845
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	51,801	61,164	42,171	64,591	79,653	48,313
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,900	995,210	494,095	501,110
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	1,645,880	909,065	736,815	361,015	205,600	155,405
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	56,454	60,974	51,880	65,913	73,256	57,818
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	74,722	84,091	63,161	89,601	103,821	70,787
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	90.9	93.9	86.8	94.6	96.6	91.2
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	76.5	79.7	72.1	77.3	79.1	74.1
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	9.1	6.1	13.2	5.4	3.4	8.8
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,895	995,125	494,055	501,065
Without total income	247,145	117,900	129,245	50,360	24,965	25,395
With total income	4,631,950	2,227,295	2,404,655	944,760	469,085	475,675
Percentage with total income	94.9	95.0	94.9	94.9	94.9	94.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	816,625	368,835	447,795	123,335	48,650	74,680
$10,000 to $19,999	824,160	348,745	475,420	118,265	47,890	70,370
$20,000 to $29,999	589,070	254,985	334,085	107,715	43,760	63,960
$30,000 to $39,999	463,975	209,685	254,290	92,285	41,415	50,870
$40,000 to $49,999	407,495	189,100	218,390	88,695	42,385	46,305
$50,000 to $59,999	325,105	158,480	166,620	75,965	38,245	37,720
$60,000 to $69,999	258,085	134,225	123,855	62,445	33,330	29,115
$70,000 to $79,999	203,100	111,065	92,035	50,120	28,200	21,915
$80,000 to $89,999	161,920	90,560	71,355	40,085	23,095	16,990
$90,000 to $99,999	137,570	73,985	63,585	34,025	19,435	14,600
$100,000 and over	444,845	287,620	157,225	151,815	102,675	49,140
$100,000 to $149,999	272,905	168,210	104,700	83,580	52,185	31,390
$150,000 and over	171,935	119,415	52,525	68,235	50,485	17,750
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	995,125	494,055	501,070
Without after-tax income	246,350	117,700	128,650	50,170	24,915	25,255
With after-tax income	4,632,740	2,227,495	2,405,245	944,950	469,140	475,810
Percentage with after-tax income	95.0	95.0	94.9	95.0	95.0	95.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	830,700	373,605	457,095	126,295	49,590	76,700
$10,000 to $19,999	856,665	364,095	492,575	123,390	50,210	73,185
$20,000 to $29,999	673,015	294,190	378,830	124,510	51,355	73,155
$30,000 to $39,999	552,905	254,030	298,870	115,510	53,830	61,680
$40,000 to $49,999	472,370	226,445	245,925	107,240	53,445	53,795
$50,000 to $59,999	348,665	180,280	168,385	83,795	44,620	39,175
$60,000 to $69,999	256,270	141,835	114,435	62,835	35,585	27,255
$70,000 to $79,999	198,170	109,175	88,995	47,860	27,685	20,175
$80,000 and over	443,970	283,840	160,130	153,515	102,820	50,695
$80,000 to $89,999	132,515	76,100	56,410	36,125	21,065	15,065
$90,000 to $99,999	79,285	49,680	29,605	24,865	15,440	9,425
$100,000 and over	232,170	158,060	74,115	92,525	66,320	26,210
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	995,120	494,055	501,070
Without employment income	1,424,510	593,940	830,565	225,745	94,400	131,345
With employment income	3,454,590	1,751,260	1,703,330	769,375	399,655	369,720
Percentage with employment income	70.8	74.7	67.2	77.3	80.9	73.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	432,990	203,395	229,595	80,400	36,470	43,930
$5,000 to $9,999	286,225	129,320	156,910	49,660	21,190	28,460
$10,000 to $19,999	470,970	221,325	249,645	84,725	36,915	47,810
$20,000 to $29,999	371,235	170,795	200,440	73,195	31,700	41,495
$30,000 to $39,999	336,685	157,540	179,150	70,515	32,850	37,660
$40,000 to $49,999	310,550	147,370	163,180	69,210	33,630	35,580
$50,000 to $59,999	255,620	129,510	126,105	60,825	30,800	30,025
$60,000 to $69,999	206,215	110,510	95,705	50,320	27,550	22,770
$70,000 to $79,999	166,035	93,745	72,290	41,285	23,440	17,850
$80,000 and over	618,065	387,750	230,315	189,240	125,105	64,135
$80,000 to $89,999	136,480	78,255	58,230	33,800	19,870	13,930
$90,000 to $99,999	121,935	65,620	56,320	29,690	17,030	12,655
$100,000 and over	359,645	243,875	115,775	125,750	88,205	37,550
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	2,135,910	...	...	466,390	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	78,373	...	...	97,300	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	68,632	...	...	83,048	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	519,790	...	...	114,180	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,560	...	...	52,329	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,294	...	...	44,651	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	1,616,120	...	...	352,210	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	94,463	...	...	115,386	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	82,594	...	...	98,189	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	2,135,910	...	...	466,440	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	109,480	...	...	137,359	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	87,993	...	...	109,284	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	519,930	...	...	114,225	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	55,833	...	...	71,377	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	44,755	...	...	56,965	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	1,615,980	...	...	352,215	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	126,740	...	...	158,757	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	101,904	...	...	126,252	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	2,135,910	...	...	466,390	...	...
Under $5,000	47,170	...	...	7,095	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	32,275	...	...	4,355	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	50,900	...	...	5,255	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	75,725	...	...	9,365	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	73,110	...	...	13,760	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	74,910	...	...	10,675	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	76,830	...	...	11,865	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	78,800	...	...	12,935	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	78,620	...	...	13,220	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	77,375	...	...	13,590	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	150,140	...	...	28,320	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	141,320	...	...	28,780	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	131,390	...	...	27,950	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	122,205	...	...	27,105	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	113,055	...	...	25,665	...	...
$100,000 and over	812,085	...	...	226,460	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	229,055	...	...	55,690	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	167,755	...	...	42,510	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	200,605	...	...	54,900	...	...
$200,000 and over	214,660	...	...	73,355	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	2,135,905	...	...	466,390	...	...
Under $5,000	49,905	...	...	7,680	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	32,655	...	...	4,430	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	51,760	...	...	5,440	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	78,605	...	...	9,780	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	80,190	...	...	14,760	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	82,520	...	...	12,315	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	87,360	...	...	14,280	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	92,550	...	...	15,695	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	95,185	...	...	16,750	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	93,510	...	...	17,610	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	179,885	...	...	35,495	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	165,340	...	...	35,025	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	153,020	...	...	33,905	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	136,810	...	...	31,910	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	118,465	...	...	28,510	...	...
$100,000 and over	638,165	...	...	182,825	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	229,315	...	...	57,345	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	149,930	...	...	40,165	...	...
$150,000 and over	258,915	...	...	85,310	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	1,557,640	...	...	331,055	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	94,132	...	...	113,955	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	82,232	...	...	96,946	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.3	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	423,565	...	...	113,275	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	85,201	...	...	106,943	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,904	...	...	90,309	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	822,810	...	...	163,050	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	114,050	...	...	135,381	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,699	...	...	114,198	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	257,415	...	...	43,260	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	57,120	...	...	67,079	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,715	...	...	60,304	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	1,556,795	...	...	331,075	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	127,226	...	...	159,385	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	102,021	...	...	126,303	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	423,700	...	...	113,300	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	120,527	...	...	154,632	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	94,618	...	...	121,675	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	823,190	...	...	163,125	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	148,914	...	...	183,674	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	118,944	...	...	144,622	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	255,745	...	...	42,900	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	73,609	...	...	88,799	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	62,869	...	...	74,698	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	747,115	353,075	394,040	187,195	98,000	89,200
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	32,613	33,636	31,818	44,340	47,222	41,237
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	29,868	30,519	29,362	38,947	40,898	36,764
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	745,705	351,920	393,790	186,825	97,950	88,875
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	47,973	50,595	45,630	60,493	65,466	55,012
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	39,048	40,380	37,857	49,025	52,251	45,471
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	5,862,855	2,849,955	3,012,895	1,221,000	609,875	611,130
In the bottom half of the distribution	2,813,285	1,338,400	1,474,885	453,240	220,780	232,465
In the bottom decile	652,620	315,260	337,360	89,985	44,940	45,045
In the second decile	583,750	269,305	314,445	80,570	37,495	43,075
In the third decile	539,335	254,260	285,075	87,195	41,815	45,380
In the fourth decile	518,440	248,375	270,065	93,255	45,805	47,455
In the fifth decile	519,140	251,205	267,935	102,240	50,730	51,515
In the top half of the distribution	3,049,570	1,511,555	1,538,015	767,755	389,095	378,665
In the sixth decile	528,520	256,980	271,540	109,090	54,620	54,470
In the seventh decile	546,775	267,890	278,885	117,105	58,835	58,270
In the eighth decile	580,185	286,725	293,460	130,070	65,760	64,310
In the ninth decile	639,880	318,340	321,540	156,095	78,820	77,275
In the top decile	754,210	381,625	372,590	255,400	131,060	124,340
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	5,862,595	2,849,835	3,012,760	1,221,000	609,870	611,130
0 to 17 years	1,195,910	614,060	581,850	266,820	136,855	129,965
0 to 5 years	374,440	191,880	182,555	93,315	47,870	45,450
18 to 64 years	3,851,275	1,866,775	1,984,495	826,185	413,300	412,880
65 years and over	815,415	369,005	446,405	128,000	59,720	68,285
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	912,405	430,210	482,200	113,380	54,425	58,955
0 to 17 years	235,120	121,220	113,905	34,385	17,710	16,675
0 to 5 years	75,855	39,055	36,795	12,390	6,365	6,025
18 to 64 years	565,145	264,585	300,560	68,255	32,640	35,610
65 years and over	112,140	44,405	67,735	10,745	4,080	6,665
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.6	15.1	16.0	9.3	8.9	9.6
0 to 17 years (%)	19.7	19.7	19.6	12.9	12.9	12.8
0 to 5 years (%)	20.3	20.4	20.2	13.3	13.3	13.3
18 to 64 years (%)	14.7	14.2	15.1	8.3	7.9	8.6
65 years and over (%)	13.8	12.0	15.2	8.4	6.8	9.8
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	749,935	359,355	390,585	106,190	52,690	53,490
0 to 17 years	178,525	91,985	86,540	28,425	14,660	13,770
0 to 5 years	58,105	29,855	28,245	10,190	5,240	4,945
18 to 64 years	499,350	239,960	259,390	71,390	35,450	35,945
65 years and over	72,065	27,410	44,660	6,365	2,585	3,780
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	12.8	12.6	13.0	8.7	8.6	8.8
0 to 17 years (%)	14.9	15.0	14.9	10.7	10.7	10.6
0 to 5 years (%)	15.5	15.6	15.5	10.9	10.9	10.9
18 to 64 years (%)	13.0	12.9	13.1	8.6	8.6	8.7
65 years and over (%)	8.8	7.4	10.0	5.0	4.3	5.5
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,865	1,221,065	609,875	611,195
Official languages	5,605,085	2,747,700	2,857,380	1,192,040	597,685	594,355
English	5,600,485	2,745,820	2,854,665	1,190,850	597,160	593,685
French	466,820	200,835	265,990	90,150	41,690	48,460
Non-official languages	3,115,825	1,485,485	1,630,340	459,765	223,005	236,760
Aboriginal languages	1,105	450	655	1,145	445	700
Algonquian languages	940	395	545	825	320	505
Blackfoot	10	0	0	340	115	220
Cree-Montagnais languages	190	90	95	395	170	225
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	50	30	20	90	35	50
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	30	10	15	15	10	10
Woods Cree	15	10	0	55	10	45
Cree, n.o.s.	100	45	55	235	115	115
Eastern Algonquian languages	45	20	25	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	45	25	25	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	705	280	425	100	40	60
Algonquin	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ojibway	675	270	405	90	35	55
Oji-Cree	10	0	10	10	0	10
Ottawa (Odawa)	20	10	0	10	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	15	0	10	125	55	70
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	10	10	130	55	70
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	10	0	10
Dene	10	0	10	20	10	15
Dogrib (Tlicho)	10	0	0	0	0	10
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	90	35	50
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	10
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	20	10	10	35	15	20
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	25	10	10
Inuktitut	15	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	60	20	40	10	10	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	45	15	35	10	10	0
Oneida	10	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	15	10	0	20	0	15
Salish languages	10	0	0	0	0	10
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	10	120	35	90
Dakota	10	0	0	60	30	35
Stoney	0	0	10	80	15	65
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	10	0	10	15	10	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	15	10	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	10	0	0	10
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	30	20	15	15	10	10
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,114,775	1,485,055	1,629,720	458,645	222,570	236,070
Afro-Asiatic languages	211,335	106,115	105,215	40,545	21,255	19,290
Berber languages	245	135	110	205	140	60
Kabyle	80	40	40	110	65	50
Berber languages, n.i.e.	170	95	75	90	80	10
Cushitic languages	20,445	8,910	11,530	3,580	1,825	1,760
Bilen	85	50	35	65	40	20
Oromo	1,390	590	800	1,370	715	655
Somali	18,965	8,250	10,715	2,175	1,085	1,090
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	85	30	50	30	10	20
Semitic languages	191,925	97,710	94,215	37,380	19,665	17,720
Amharic	11,440	5,325	6,115	5,745	2,910	2,840
Arabic	125,970	65,090	60,880	27,475	14,610	12,865
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	12,500	6,090	6,410	305	145	160
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	2,220	1,110	1,105	90	45	45
Harari	1,250	635	620	95	45	50
Hebrew	38,385	19,590	18,795	1,550	740	805
Maltese	4,675	2,295	2,380	35	20	10
Tigrigna	5,960	2,790	3,180	3,550	1,925	1,625
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	1,135	555	580	245	135	110
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	720	335	390	160	95	65
Austro-Asiatic languages	67,000	30,750	36,245	17,185	8,185	9,005
Khmer (Cambodian)	4,340	1,900	2,445	1,140	620	520
Vietnamese	62,935	29,000	33,935	16,105	7,590	8,515
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	40	0	35	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	205,810	81,995	123,815	58,325	25,175	33,155
Bikol	580	260	325	165	65	100
Cebuano	7,350	2,960	4,395	2,680	1,205	1,475
Fijian	50	20	30	120	65	55
Hiligaynon	2,545	1,015	1,530	920	365	560
Ilocano	12,740	5,000	7,740	3,645	1,580	2,060
Malagasy	90	45	45	45	15	25
Malay	7,305	3,360	3,945	1,440	680	765
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,600	735	875	405	200	210
Pangasinan	450	200	255	205	80	120
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	193,480	76,640	116,840	55,150	23,645	31,505
Waray-Waray	320	100	220	190	70	115
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,275	525	750	550	235	320
Creole languages	16,750	7,530	9,220	1,665	820	845
Haitian Creole	645	290	355	35	20	15
Creole, n.o.s.	9,125	4,110	5,015	1,070	530	540
Creole languages, n.i.e.	7,130	3,185	3,945	565	275	290
Dravidian languages	176,480	87,740	88,740	7,020	3,670	3,350
Kannada	4,470	2,245	2,215	530	270	270
Malayalam	17,255	8,785	8,475	2,475	1,300	1,175
Tamil	146,145	71,915	74,225	3,140	1,635	1,505
Telugu	13,615	7,460	6,150	1,295	680	615
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	440	225	210	70	40	35
Hmong-Mien languages	25	10	15	85	40	45
Indo-European languages	1,768,825	861,040	907,780	231,575	115,000	116,575
Albanian	15,375	7,695	7,680	1,685	885	800
Armenian	15,225	7,275	7,950	295	165	130
Balto-Slavic languages	300,880	140,300	160,580	34,535	16,765	17,775
Baltic languages	6,340	2,595	3,745	590	280	305
Latvian	2,630	1,115	1,520	230	115	115
Lithuanian	3,710	1,480	2,230	360	165	195
Slavic languages	296,240	138,420	157,820	34,175	16,590	17,580
Belarusan	945	495	450	70	30	40
Bosnian	4,355	2,110	2,250	1,230	655	575
Bulgarian	8,055	3,940	4,120	1,075	575	500
Croatian	23,785	11,605	12,180	2,520	1,240	1,280
Czech	6,300	2,975	3,325	1,635	770	860
Macedonian	16,730	8,025	8,700	270	145	120
Polish	83,545	38,245	45,300	8,895	4,245	4,650
Russian	111,165	51,675	59,485	13,245	6,395	6,855
Serbian	27,390	13,560	13,830	2,300	1,135	1,165
Serbo-Croatian	2,865	1,390	1,475	565	310	260
Slovak	6,085	2,790	3,295	1,460	800	655
Slovene (Slovenian)	4,450	2,010	2,440	285	135	150
Ukrainian	38,030	17,050	20,980	4,465	2,025	2,445
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	630	360	265	55	30	25
Celtic languages	1,910	985	920	440	205	235
Scottish Gaelic	650	325	320	165	80	85
Welsh	235	115	125	85	55	35
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	1,025	550	475	190	75	110
Germanic languages	80,940	38,460	42,480	24,180	11,950	12,230
Afrikaans	4,255	2,095	2,160	1,675	905	770
Danish	2,125	965	1,165	930	440	485
Dutch	11,655	5,440	6,215	4,255	2,095	2,165
Frisian	195	75	115	55	25	30
German	55,040	26,285	28,755	16,755	8,375	8,375
Icelandic	130	55	75	80	40	40
Norwegian	960	460	500	455	175	280
Swedish	2,570	1,165	1,410	605	280	325
Vlaams (Flemish)	265	110	150	115	55	55
Yiddish	6,510	3,200	3,305	175	95	80
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	105	50	55	60	25	40
Greek	60,400	29,665	30,735	2,310	1,165	1,145
Indo-Iranian languages	765,115	386,165	378,955	108,155	54,950	53,205
Indo-Aryan languages	639,795	323,555	316,245	95,730	48,350	47,380
Bengali	48,410	24,580	23,830	4,960	2,490	2,470
Gujarati	87,570	43,795	43,770	8,355	4,065	4,290
Hindi	207,780	105,570	102,210	28,330	14,520	13,810
Kashmiri	475	240	235	65	45	20
Konkani	4,995	2,265	2,730	370	195	180
Marathi	8,630	4,460	4,170	1,525	795	730
Nepali	6,385	3,155	3,235	2,210	1,220	995
Oriya (Odia)	930	445	480	150	75	75
Punjabi (Panjabi)	243,875	125,225	118,655	46,930	23,830	23,100
Sindhi	9,685	4,545	5,135	2,605	1,145	1,465
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15,135	7,605	7,525	1,360	675	680
Urdu	194,390	98,385	96,005	24,925	12,725	12,200
Iranian languages	130,695	65,170	65,520	13,295	6,980	6,320
Kurdish	3,845	2,175	1,670	950	520	430
Pashto	11,400	6,040	5,365	2,160	1,165	990
Persian (Farsi)	119,790	59,470	60,320	10,545	5,540	5,005
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	3,515	1,895	1,620	1,135	610	525
Italic (Romance) languages	567,300	268,895	298,410	65,685	31,890	33,795
Catalan	315	165	150	70	40	30
Italian	220,425	105,435	114,985	8,880	4,390	4,490
Portuguese	134,220	64,585	69,640	4,950	2,430	2,525
Romanian	29,765	13,805	15,965	5,560	2,875	2,690
Spanish	206,090	95,990	110,100	48,635	23,450	25,185
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	655	320	340	70	40	30
Japanese	17,460	7,535	9,920	4,140	1,870	2,270
Kartvelian languages	1,465	740	725	130	75	50
Georgian	1,465	740	725	130	75	50
Korean	62,350	29,150	33,205	9,895	4,585	5,305
Mongolic languages	445	190	255	655	310	345
Mongolian	445	190	255	650	305	350
Niger-Congo languages	47,720	22,705	25,015	11,345	5,770	5,575
Akan (Twi)	13,715	6,345	7,365	1,050	560	490
Bamanankan	200	110	90	15	10	10
Edo	1,890	825	1,070	215	130	85
Ewe	520	270	250	70	30	35
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	485	245	240	130	70	55
Ga	1,005	490	515	85	55	30
Ganda	865	410	455	75	35	45
Igbo	2,925	1,445	1,475	1,420	745	675
Lingala	2,080	895	1,185	425	230	195
Rundi (Kirundi)	535	255	285	170	95	80
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	695	295	400	105	45	60
Shona	1,175	515	655	475	205	270
Swahili	10,350	5,110	5,240	2,290	1,140	1,150
Wolof	415	185	230	330	195	135
Yoruba	7,935	3,980	3,960	3,265	1,670	1,595
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	6,340	2,935	3,405	2,050	995	1,060
Nilo-Saharan languages	500	285	215	1,655	765	890
Dinka	85	65	25	785	380	400
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	415	220	195	875	380	490
Sign languages	5,980	2,555	3,425	1,495	625	870
American Sign Language	3,505	1,325	2,175	805	305	505
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	15	10	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	2,575	1,280	1,295	710	335	375
Sino-Tibetan languages	581,165	272,700	308,470	78,975	37,670	41,305
Chinese languages	574,095	269,220	304,875	77,485	36,945	40,545
Cantonese	306,700	142,590	164,115	42,435	20,075	22,360
Hakka	7,185	3,150	4,035	425	185	245
Mandarin	313,605	145,835	167,765	38,790	18,285	20,505
Min Dong	710	285	425	60	35	25
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	13,985	6,265	7,715	2,350	990	1,360
Wu (Shanghainese)	6,885	3,200	3,685	570	250	320
Chinese, n.o.s.	11,470	5,200	6,270	3,020	1,485	1,535
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	135	75	60	15	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	7,455	3,695	3,770	1,520	735	790
Burmese	1,325	600	720	345	160	180
Karenic languages	245	115	135	295	145	150
Tibetan	5,465	2,725	2,740	805	405	400
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	500	290	210	150	60	95
Tai-Kadai languages	5,070	2,155	2,915	1,325	545	775
Lao	2,895	1,370	1,525	555	255	300
Thai	2,450	915	1,535	830	315	515
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	30	10	20	15	10	0
Turkic languages	24,680	12,835	11,845	2,525	1,340	1,180
Azerbaijani	2,645	1,345	1,300	350	170	185
Turkish	20,745	10,830	9,915	1,650	940	710
Uyghur	490	225	265	135	60	70
Uzbek	815	440	375	245	110	135
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	560	270	290	205	90	110
Uralic languages	27,660	12,555	15,095	4,540	2,185	2,360
Estonian	2,995	1,295	1,705	110	45	60
Finnish	2,835	1,215	1,615	300	140	165
Hungarian	21,890	10,070	11,830	4,120	1,990	2,130
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	2,300	1,195	1,105	770	435	335
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	1,221,070	609,875	611,195
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	5,134,440	2,503,870	2,630,575	1,074,380	538,880	535,510
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,102,940	565,995	536,940	242,400	124,240	118,160
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	4,031,505	1,937,875	2,093,635	831,980	414,635	417,340
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	728,410	346,120	382,285	146,685	70,995	75,690
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	1,221,070	609,875	611,195
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	3,020,405	1,511,930	1,508,475	812,685	411,335	401,350
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	2,705,550	1,269,995	1,435,560	382,575	185,600	196,980
Before 1981	611,635	284,800	326,830	63,985	31,855	32,130
1981 to 1990	370,195	177,010	193,190	38,205	18,155	20,055
1991 to 2000	638,770	298,245	340,520	64,705	30,950	33,750
2001 to 2010	728,025	341,100	386,925	126,145	61,265	64,875
2001 to 2005	379,400	178,780	200,620	56,770	27,755	29,010
2006 to 2010	348,620	162,320	186,305	69,375	33,510	35,865
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	356,930	168,835	188,095	89,535	43,370	46,160
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	136,895	68,065	68,830	25,805	12,940	12,865
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	2,705,550	1,269,990	1,435,560	382,580	185,600	196,980
Under 5 years	225,470	112,150	113,325	34,915	17,805	17,115
5 to 14 years	449,875	226,440	223,440	64,760	33,690	31,070
15 to 24 years	588,860	261,700	327,155	74,440	34,200	40,240
25 to 44 years	1,154,390	541,415	612,980	172,630	82,925	89,705
45 years and over	286,960	128,295	158,665	35,830	16,980	18,850
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	2,705,550	1,269,990	1,435,560	382,580	185,600	196,980
Americas	409,865	181,700	228,165	40,965	19,530	21,435
Brazil	10,625	4,950	5,675	1,420	640	780
Colombia	17,150	7,850	9,295	5,545	2,630	2,910
El Salvador	11,110	5,535	5,580	2,335	1,180	1,160
Guyana	69,025	30,505	38,515	825	410	415
Haiti	2,590	1,225	1,370	485	260	230
Jamaica	99,660	41,700	57,960	2,830	1,280	1,550
Mexico	11,395	5,070	6,320	4,105	2,050	2,055
Peru	8,095	3,600	4,500	1,075	445	635
Trinidad and Tobago	43,135	19,035	24,095	1,375	655	720
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	46,695	21,755	24,940	10,700	4,910	5,790
Other places of birth in Americas	90,390	40,480	49,915	10,255	5,070	5,185
Europe	617,555	291,735	325,815	72,995	36,510	36,485
Bosnia and Herzegovina	9,630	4,760	4,875	1,950	990	955
Croatia	12,010	5,760	6,250	1,225	640	590
France	6,890	3,220	3,670	1,200	585	615
Germany	22,970	10,725	12,240	5,715	2,730	2,990
Greece	27,885	13,595	14,290	890	470	425
Hungary	11,925	5,380	6,540	1,845	925	920
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	8,115	3,955	4,160	1,620	855	765
Italy	103,620	50,525	53,090	3,625	1,955	1,670
Netherlands	7,620	3,700	3,915	2,915	1,555	1,360
Poland	57,450	25,810	31,640	6,395	3,015	3,375
Portugal	71,045	34,235	36,810	1,075	480	595
Romania	25,515	11,630	13,890	4,225	2,125	2,105
Russian Federation	34,385	14,875	19,510	3,870	1,685	2,190
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	13,080	6,355	6,725	1,055	530	525
Ukraine	32,110	14,690	17,420	2,855	1,310	1,545
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	99,165	47,375	51,790	22,150	11,435	10,715
Other places of birth in Europe	74,130	35,130	38,995	10,375	5,235	5,140
Africa	152,755	73,585	79,165	39,195	20,065	19,135
Algeria	1,240	650	595	745	400	345
Egypt	24,820	12,865	11,950	2,840	1,510	1,330
Ethiopia	10,865	4,965	5,900	5,195	2,565	2,630
Kenya	11,305	5,165	6,140	2,605	1,275	1,330
Morocco	3,480	1,700	1,780	660	340	320
Nigeria	16,400	8,135	8,260	7,360	3,825	3,540
Somalia	10,850	4,350	6,500	1,340	635	705
South Africa, Republic of	13,040	6,345	6,690	2,675	1,410	1,265
Other places of birth in Africa	60,760	29,410	31,355	15,770	8,100	7,670
Asia	1,518,125	719,445	798,680	225,895	107,730	118,170
Afghanistan	25,420	12,730	12,690	3,200	1,715	1,485
Bangladesh	32,385	16,330	16,055	3,095	1,590	1,510
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	266,840	121,555	145,290	34,535	15,920	18,610
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	100,060	46,985	53,080	10,935	5,310	5,620
India	307,275	153,190	154,085	44,215	22,225	21,985
IranCensus data footnote 61	74,530	37,130	37,395	5,700	2,930	2,770
Iraq	29,230	14,640	14,595	3,535	1,890	1,645
Japan	5,880	1,905	3,975	1,485	435	1,055
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	45,700	21,285	24,420	6,975	3,265	3,715
Lebanon	13,610	7,315	6,295	4,115	2,180	1,930
Pakistan	119,085	60,120	58,960	17,065	8,865	8,195
Philippines	192,265	78,690	113,570	51,430	22,420	29,010
Sri Lanka	101,550	49,580	51,965	1,960	1,010	955
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	10,830	5,430	5,400	2,150	1,125	1,025
Taiwan	14,980	6,510	8,465	2,185	930	1,255
Viet Nam	59,365	26,830	32,540	14,820	6,915	7,900
Other places of birth in Asia	119,120	59,225	59,900	18,495	8,995	9,495
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	7,260	3,525	3,730	3,535	1,770	1,755
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	356,930	168,835	188,095	89,530	43,370	46,160
Americas	40,810	19,490	21,320	8,710	4,380	4,330
Brazil	2,595	1,225	1,370	510	230	280
Colombia	2,610	1,220	1,385	1,230	595	640
Cuba	1,200	535	660	125	60	65
Haiti	865	415	450	140	90	50
Jamaica	7,300	3,825	3,475	430	220	205
Mexico	3,045	1,450	1,590	1,790	955	835
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	8,075	4,090	3,990	1,875	900	975
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	1,880	875	1,005	1,105	540	560
Other places of birth in Americas	13,250	5,845	7,395	1,505	785	715
Europe	31,805	15,585	16,225	8,670	4,435	4,230
France	1,400	675	725	270	155	120
Germany	915	490	420	420	195	225
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	1,490	935	560	575	365	215
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	775	365	415	420	240	180
Romania	1,490	590	900	570	285	285
Russian Federation	3,935	1,430	2,505	630	215	415
Ukraine	3,655	1,690	1,960	795	325	465
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	3,990	2,385	1,605	2,320	1,330	985
Other places of birth in Europe	14,150	7,020	7,135	2,670	1,320	1,350
Africa	24,760	12,150	12,615	11,590	5,865	5,720
Algeria	205	95	115	130	65	70
Cameroon	805	355	450	565	280	280
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	565	250	315	215	95	115
Côte d'Ivoire	290	135	150	95	45	45
Egypt	5,975	3,105	2,870	1,095	570	525
Eritrea	1,065	520	540	1,035	600	440
Ethiopia	1,665	755	915	1,585	735	855
Morocco	365	145	220	185	70	120
Nigeria	4,805	2,340	2,460	3,780	1,975	1,805
Somalia	1,155	555	600	240	90	150
South Africa, Republic of	810	440	370	435	255	185
Tunisia	125	90	40	70	40	30
Other places of birth in Africa	6,950	3,375	3,575	2,150	1,045	1,105
Asia	258,265	120,865	137,405	59,835	28,215	31,620
Afghanistan	4,615	2,315	2,300	465	255	215
Bangladesh	6,870	3,400	3,465	745	350	395
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	49,815	22,155	27,660	6,205	2,795	3,410
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	1,815	730	1,085	415	190	225
India	58,820	29,560	29,260	12,665	6,425	6,240
IranCensus data footnote 61	18,635	9,020	9,620	2,240	1,125	1,115
Iraq	8,270	4,125	4,150	1,220	645	570
Israel	1,665	880	785	215	110	110
Japan	965	265	700	330	75	255
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	4,885	2,215	2,665	1,800	730	1,070
Lebanon	1,440	780	660	500	265	235
Nepal	2,430	1,245	1,190	1,115	585	530
Pakistan	21,750	10,650	11,100	4,325	2,110	2,220
Philippines	43,590	17,995	25,595	21,130	9,560	11,570
Saudi Arabia	2,135	1,085	1,045	340	170	170
Sri Lanka	7,395	3,220	4,175	335	160	180
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	5,505	2,855	2,650	1,380	700	675
Taiwan	760	300	460	320	110	215
Turkey	2,055	1,145	910	145	60	80
United Arab Emirates	3,375	1,695	1,680	435	225	210
Viet Nam	2,690	1,060	1,625	1,155	480	680
Other places of birth in Asia	8,780	4,155	4,625	2,350	1,090	1,255
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	1,285	755	535	735	475	260
Australia	1,005	615	390	505	310	195
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	285	140	150	225	165	60
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,865	1,221,070	609,875	611,195
First generationCensus data footnote 69	2,874,265	1,354,410	1,519,860	416,850	203,105	213,745
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	1,676,530	844,955	831,575	263,750	133,320	130,435
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	1,312,060	650,630	661,430	540,465	273,445	267,020
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	2,129,485	1,002,290	1,127,200	324,835	156,910	167,920
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	1,063,255	525,765	537,490	183,995	92,680	91,310
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	424,005	261,635	162,370	72,950	45,695	27,260
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	639,250	264,130	375,115	111,040	46,985	64,055
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	717,295	293,165	424,130	91,920	37,580	54,340
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	319,285	169,830	149,460	46,200	25,280	20,915
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	29,655	13,530	16,120	2,720	1,370	1,350
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	5,862,855	2,849,995	3,012,860	1,221,070	609,870	611,200
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	46,320	21,815	24,505	35,150	16,590	18,565
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	43,735	20,505	23,230	34,290	16,175	18,120
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	27,800	12,935	14,875	15,485	7,080	8,405
Métis	15,240	7,245	7,995	18,450	8,960	9,495
Inuk (Inuit)	690	320	365	355	140	220
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	1,130	530	595	365	210	155
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	1,455	780	670	495	210	285
Non-Aboriginal identity	5,816,540	2,828,180	2,988,360	1,185,915	593,285	592,635
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	1,221,070	609,870	611,195
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	14,865	6,865	8,005	12,565	5,675	6,890
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	5,847,985	2,843,125	3,004,860	1,208,505	604,195	604,305
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	1,221,070	609,870	611,200
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	7,435	3,410	4,020	8,325	3,855	4,470
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	7,255	3,325	3,930	8,080	3,720	4,360
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	5,765	2,610	3,155	5,865	2,680	3,190
Métis single ancestry	1,375	665	715	2,105	995	1,110
Inuit single ancestry	120	55	65	105	45	60
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	175	85	90	250	140	105
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	125	65	60	240	135	95
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	25	10	10	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	15	0	15	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	20	15	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	66,540	31,435	35,105	37,965	18,100	19,865
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	64,835	30,640	34,190	36,440	17,385	19,050
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	49,115	23,300	25,815	20,225	9,535	10,695
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	14,790	6,905	7,890	15,850	7,710	8,140
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	930	435	490	355	140	215
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	1,710	795	910	1,530	715	815
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,445	655	785	1,455	675	780
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	170	80	85	35	20	20
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	90	50	45	35	20	20
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	5,788,885	2,815,145	2,973,735	1,174,775	587,920	586,860
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	1,221,070	609,870	611,200
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	3,011,905	1,449,235	1,562,675	441,710	217,600	224,110
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	973,225	490,875	482,350	115,455	58,560	56,890
Chinese	631,050	300,215	330,830	87,800	42,885	44,915
Black	442,020	204,665	237,350	51,420	26,370	25,055
Filipino	254,475	108,655	145,825	67,475	30,320	37,155
Latin American	132,945	63,735	69,210	26,210	13,005	13,205
Arab	105,610	54,840	50,770	25,120	13,315	11,805
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	83,535	39,210	44,335	21,515	10,350	11,165
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	123,760	61,875	61,885	12,610	6,665	5,945
Korean	69,670	33,180	36,485	10,635	4,970	5,670
Japanese	20,655	8,970	11,685	5,175	2,290	2,890
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	77,780	36,315	41,465	4,410	2,055	2,355
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	97,190	46,700	50,490	13,885	6,820	7,065
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	2,850,950	1,400,760	1,450,190	779,355	392,275	387,080
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	5,862,855	2,849,995	3,012,865	1,221,065	609,875	611,195
North American Aboriginal origins	73,975	34,840	39,130	46,290	21,955	24,335
First Nations (North American Indian)	56,655	26,735	29,915	27,830	13,045	14,790
Inuit	1,360	645	710	550	225	320
Métis	17,860	8,350	9,505	19,695	9,540	10,150
Other North American origins	786,975	390,020	396,955	248,725	126,295	122,430
Acadian	4,215	2,085	2,125	1,585	825	750
American	49,455	23,985	25,470	20,455	9,950	10,510
Canadian	746,965	370,515	376,445	233,875	118,990	114,885
New Brunswicker	85	55	35	25	20	10
Newfoundlander	3,280	1,675	1,605	490	285	205
Nova Scotian	645	295	355	45	35	15
Ontarian	645	370	275	45	35	10
Québécois	1,570	780	785	365	215	150
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	245	130	115	145	90	60
European origins	2,760,845	1,345,375	1,415,470	703,685	351,395	352,285
British Isles origins	1,287,260	629,030	658,230	447,635	223,550	224,080
Channel Islander	445	235	210	130	75	60
Cornish	205	105	95	85	15	70
English	732,555	358,040	374,515	253,760	125,995	127,765
Irish	544,380	260,305	284,070	169,125	81,845	87,290
Manx	815	475	345	295	165	135
Scottish	543,760	263,155	280,605	204,615	101,690	102,930
Welsh	56,210	26,940	29,275	23,395	11,360	12,035
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	107,900	51,560	56,340	31,570	15,495	16,075
French origins	248,150	117,595	130,555	100,320	49,510	50,810
Alsatian	355	140	215	35	15	20
Breton	60	35	20	20	0	15
Corsican	60	30	30	15	10	10
French	247,790	117,430	130,360	100,280	49,490	50,785
Western European origins (except French origins)	396,070	192,485	203,585	220,095	108,670	111,425
Austrian	30,375	14,775	15,600	12,600	6,050	6,550
Bavarian	155	65	85	20	10	0
Belgian	9,770	4,540	5,230	5,485	2,700	2,790
Dutch	98,890	47,530	51,360	45,565	22,740	22,820
Flemish	910	430	475	475	190	285
Frisian	400	230	165	145	70	70
German	271,815	132,610	139,205	169,470	83,405	86,070
Luxembourger	305	145	155	220	110	110
Swiss	14,705	7,290	7,415	6,730	3,175	3,555
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	530	260	275	350	160	190
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	69,205	33,340	35,865	80,340	38,680	41,660
Danish	15,455	7,630	7,825	15,865	7,790	8,075
Finnish	16,385	7,650	8,735	4,720	2,255	2,470
Icelandic	3,985	2,005	1,985	6,680	3,255	3,425
Norwegian	16,390	8,040	8,345	35,215	16,710	18,505
Swedish	18,590	8,565	10,020	22,830	10,905	11,920
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	3,515	1,665	1,845	3,445	1,740	1,705
Eastern European origins	596,425	284,470	311,955	178,655	87,410	91,245
Bulgarian	11,220	5,545	5,675	1,570	800	765
Byelorussian	8,240	4,040	4,205	785	395	385
Czech	16,630	8,030	8,600	6,640	3,365	3,275
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	4,755	2,275	2,480	2,125	1,005	1,120
Estonian	7,655	3,580	4,075	1,040	435	605
Hungarian	59,720	29,025	30,690	19,315	9,480	9,830
Latvian	9,660	4,505	5,155	1,010	480	530
Lithuanian	19,520	9,380	10,140	2,225	1,065	1,165
Moldovan	3,020	1,545	1,475	905	470	435
Polish	237,245	113,300	123,940	48,590	23,630	24,960
Romanian	50,515	24,070	26,445	12,120	5,700	6,425
Russian	139,910	65,150	74,760	33,185	15,745	17,440
Slovak	14,580	7,040	7,540	4,200	2,175	2,025
Ukrainian	144,330	69,230	75,105	77,580	37,930	39,650
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	7,290	3,405	3,885	840	440	400
Southern European origins	988,415	488,295	500,120	83,005	41,325	41,680
Albanian	17,685	8,940	8,745	1,795	920	875
Bosnian	6,485	3,150	3,335	1,595	875	725
Catalan	160	105	60	50	25	25
Croatian	37,460	18,715	18,745	5,575	2,835	2,740
Cypriot	2,620	1,295	1,325	60	25	35
Greek	99,145	49,730	49,410	6,155	3,160	2,990
Italian	484,365	241,940	242,420	37,810	19,030	18,780
Kosovar	485	255	225	155	75	75
Macedonian	28,315	14,150	14,165	485	230	255
Maltese	19,440	9,580	9,860	505	250	255
Montenegrin	1,465	700	770	125	70	50
Portuguese	210,425	102,945	107,480	7,650	3,870	3,780
Serbian	33,055	16,630	16,425	3,200	1,610	1,590
Sicilian	1,575	790	780	115	60	55
Slovenian	13,135	6,605	6,530	1,600	870	725
Spanish	106,690	49,790	56,895	20,655	9,665	10,990
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	6,775	3,280	3,495	1,420	720	700
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	510	210	300	115	50	60
Other European origins	72,270	36,185	36,085	8,585	4,240	4,345
Basque	815	400	415	180	80	100
Jewish	59,195	29,745	29,450	4,220	2,035	2,185
Roma (Gypsy)	1,220	575	645	165	90	75
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	980	525	455	420	210	215
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	10,520	5,160	5,360	3,635	1,850	1,785
Caribbean origins	346,530	157,300	189,230	14,045	6,945	7,100
Antiguan	2,430	1,075	1,355	255	160	95
Bahamian	1,255	635	615	115	55	55
Barbadian	18,395	8,370	10,030	770	365	405
Bermudan	1,000	470	540	115	45	70
Carib	1,795	640	1,150	60	10	45
Cuban	9,290	4,200	5,090	790	365	425
Dominican	6,365	3,035	3,335	290	185	105
Grenadian	12,380	5,330	7,050	200	90	115
Guadeloupean	40	10	30	0	0	0
Haitian	5,150	2,425	2,715	850	440	415
Jamaican	200,330	91,035	109,295	6,570	3,220	3,345
Kittitian/Nevisian	1,855	875	985	65	50	10
Martinican	160	50	105	0	0	0
Montserratan	440	210	230	0	0	10
Puerto Rican	750	400	360	220	120	100
St. Lucian	5,405	2,355	3,045	325	165	160
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	44,300	20,370	23,925	1,915	955	965
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10,290	4,345	5,950	315	135	185
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	46,300	20,555	25,740	1,035	505	530
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	13,305	5,940	7,365	1,080	505	580
Latin, Central and South American origins	213,985	100,945	113,030	33,485	16,500	16,985
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	7,115	3,305	3,810	790	410	380
Arawak	710	315	395	75	10	70
Argentinian	8,415	4,075	4,335	745	370	375
Belizean	355	170	185	135	90	45
Bolivian	1,325	660	665	245	125	115
Brazilian	13,065	6,295	6,780	1,535	660	875
Chilean	10,435	5,010	5,425	2,915	1,475	1,445
Colombian	24,875	11,890	12,985	7,105	3,380	3,720
Costa Rican	1,770	905	865	280	125	150
Ecuadorian	17,930	8,495	9,440	420	170	250
Guatemalan	5,915	2,850	3,065	1,140	600	535
Guyanese	57,985	26,585	31,405	1,045	565	475
Hispanic	3,655	1,780	1,875	705	320	385
Honduran	1,750	810	940	350	180	170
Maya	1,135	555	575	205	105	105
Mexican	19,785	9,185	10,600	7,555	3,875	3,680
Nicaraguan	3,655	1,765	1,890	875	405	475
Panamanian	1,805	775	1,030	140	60	80
Paraguayan	305	140	160	160	70	90
Peruvian	10,665	4,935	5,725	1,420	610	815
Salvadorean	15,130	7,480	7,650	2,770	1,425	1,350
Uruguayan	3,450	1,770	1,680	120	70	55
Venezuelan	8,260	3,780	4,480	3,285	1,660	1,620
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	9,255	4,505	4,745	1,570	770	795
African origins	266,640	130,030	136,610	55,620	28,515	27,105
Central and West African origins	58,830	29,030	29,800	15,495	8,050	7,445
Akan	700	395	305	95	55	40
Angolan	1,030	490	535	155	70	80
Ashanti	1,070	545	525	65	45	20
Beninese	370	190	180	115	45	75
Burkinabe	100	45	55	20	0	15
Cameroonian	2,535	1,250	1,285	960	465	495
Chadian	185	95	90	45	35	10
Congolese	3,985	1,895	2,085	1,340	640	695
Edo	935	490	445	285	165	120
Ewe	160	90	70	70	40	30
Gabonese	45	10	35	25	0	20
Gambian	545	255	295	75	40	35
Ghanaian	20,465	9,735	10,730	1,690	900	790
Guinean	680	335	340	155	85	65
Ibo	1,495	775	720	1,055	535	515
Ivorian	615	285	330	135	75	60
Liberian	335	140	200	295	145	150
Malian	260	140	125	25	25	0
Malinké	220	105	120	25	10	10
Nigerian	19,330	9,790	9,545	7,395	3,875	3,515
Peulh	60	40	20	45	25	20
Senegalese	535	280	255	275	185	90
Sierra Leonean	815	400	415	215	110	105
Togolese	315	205	105	75	30	40
Wolof	45	25	25	40	30	10
Yoruba	2,925	1,545	1,375	1,670	920	755
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	2,895	1,415	1,480	580	260	325
North African origins	53,740	27,655	26,090	11,070	5,795	5,275
Algerian	1,700	835	870	810	415	400
Berber	680	365	315	340	195	145
Coptic	1,815	935	885	115	60	55
Dinka	35	25	10	265	150	115
Egyptian	36,340	18,715	17,625	4,360	2,325	2,035
Libyan	1,275	685	600	575	305	270
Maure	235	130	105	0	0	0
Moroccan	8,595	4,440	4,160	1,035	550	485
Sudanese	3,735	1,825	1,915	3,255	1,625	1,630
Tunisian	1,085	580	505	475	245	225
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	840	450	390	270	150	120
Southern and East African origins	80,285	38,330	41,955	20,325	10,355	9,965
Afrikaner	340	175	170	100	55	45
Amhara	500	240	260	220	115	105
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	305	170	135	185	100	90
Burundian	710	385	325	195	110	85
Djiboutian	205	95	115	15	0	0
Eritrean	7,625	3,685	3,940	3,750	2,015	1,740
Ethiopian	15,990	7,670	8,325	6,355	3,205	3,150
Harari	460	250	210	50	25	25
Kenyan	3,960	1,830	2,130	905	410	490
Malagasy	180	75	100	45	20	30
Mauritian	2,820	1,465	1,355	250	150	100
Oromo	830	370	460	675	350	330
Rwandan	1,105	490	620	180	75	100
Seychellois	165	65	95	25	10	10
Somali	25,550	11,820	13,740	2,755	1,385	1,370
South African	11,950	6,010	5,940	2,390	1,185	1,200
Tanzanian	1,850	925	920	440	175	260
Tigrian	410	210	200	430	235	195
Ugandan	2,010	980	1,030	325	190	135
Zambian	385	195	190	115	75	40
Zimbabwean	1,760	815	945	745	370	370
Zulu	205	100	110	35	20	15
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	5,470	2,415	3,055	1,440	695	740
Other African origins	77,575	36,805	40,775	9,730	4,810	4,920
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	10,975	4,750	6,220	845	405	440
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	67,415	32,440	34,975	8,965	4,440	4,525
Asian origins	2,437,365	1,181,245	1,256,120	366,030	179,085	186,945
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	330,340	167,015	163,330	46,200	24,100	22,100
Afghan	41,735	20,950	20,780	5,205	2,795	2,410
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	23,205	12,005	11,195	4,865	2,630	2,235
Armenian	21,710	10,545	11,165	960	475	485
Assyrian	7,705	3,955	3,745	315	180	140
Azerbaijani	3,340	1,620	1,720	290	115	175
Georgian	2,390	1,220	1,165	215	120	95
Hazara	515	280	235	265	140	125
Iranian	97,110	48,770	48,345	8,350	4,335	4,015
Iraqi	29,045	14,570	14,480	3,645	1,910	1,740
Israeli	14,490	7,510	6,975	695	370	325
Jordanian	5,325	2,865	2,460	560	290	265
Kazakh	975	445	530	290	120	170
Kurd	4,355	2,330	2,025	880	505	375
Kuwaiti	375	215	160	45	40	10
Kyrgyz	245	85	160	150	90	60
Lebanese	29,750	15,125	14,625	12,730	6,555	6,180
Palestinian	15,555	8,380	7,170	1,550	825	730
Pashtun	2,145	1,180	965	375	175	200
Saudi Arabian	1,655	865	785	155	95	60
Syrian	16,150	7,855	8,300	3,190	1,565	1,620
Tajik	1,425	670	755	170	105	70
Tatar	1,785	760	1,025	340	145	195
Turk	23,085	11,685	11,405	2,455	1,345	1,110
Turkmen	405	205	200	55	40	20
Uighur	545	255	290	150	75	75
Uzbek	1,745	870	880	255	110	140
Yemeni	2,530	1,205	1,325	545	270	275
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	10,180	5,245	4,930	1,330	690	640
South Asian origins	995,125	499,465	495,660	114,955	58,430	56,530
Bangladeshi	23,400	11,960	11,435	2,355	1,165	1,190
Bengali	12,515	6,390	6,125	950	475	475
Bhutanese	150	80	65	160	85	80
East Indian	643,370	322,810	320,555	84,575	42,715	41,860
Goan	4,040	1,880	2,160	285	145	145
Gujarati	4,980	2,575	2,400	295	140	150
Kashmiri	1,345	690	650	575	275	295
Nepali	5,395	2,645	2,745	1,880	1,015	865
Pakistani	122,950	62,455	60,490	17,585	9,010	8,575
Punjabi	47,760	24,560	23,205	7,885	4,100	3,790
Sinhalese	4,030	1,970	2,055	360	190	170
Sri Lankan	114,400	55,790	58,615	2,335	1,225	1,110
Tamil	40,115	20,345	19,775	410	210	205
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	49,895	25,275	24,620	2,460	1,245	1,210
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,134,050	525,470	608,580	206,955	97,665	109,295
Burmese	2,165	970	1,195	745	370	375
Cambodian (Khmer)	6,430	2,970	3,460	2,005	1,085	920
Chinese	700,705	332,650	368,055	102,020	49,450	52,570
Filipino	274,670	118,265	156,405	71,620	32,360	39,260
Hmong	55	25	30	0	0	0
Indonesian	6,120	2,825	3,290	1,425	650	775
Japanese	28,045	12,350	15,695	7,080	3,120	3,960
Karen	265	115	145	300	145	155
Korean	73,385	34,950	38,445	11,240	5,235	6,000
Laotian	4,205	2,080	2,125	815	370	440
Malaysian	5,625	2,660	2,960	1,255	570	680
Mongolian	1,940	885	1,060	1,065	495	575
Singaporean	1,070	480	590	205	110	100
Taiwanese	7,975	3,625	4,350	1,135	505	635
Thai	3,390	1,275	2,115	970	360	605
Tibetan	6,015	3,015	3,000	885	460	425
Vietnamese	73,740	34,880	38,865	19,425	9,385	10,040
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	3,400	1,675	1,725	305	160	145
Other Asian origins	10,705	5,285	5,420	1,585	795	785
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	10,710	5,285	5,420	1,585	800	785
Oceania origins	9,705	4,915	4,785	5,465	2,825	2,640
Australian	5,925	3,095	2,830	3,010	1,590	1,420
New Zealander	1,945	1,030	915	1,100	575	520
Pacific Islands origins	2,045	935	1,110	1,455	710	740
Fijian	1,185	495	690	940	440	500
Hawaiian	225	115	115	150	65	85
Maori	200	105	90	135	60	75
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	115	45	70	75	45	25
Samoan	90	45	50	60	45	10
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	340	160	180	115	60	55
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	2,135,910	...	...	466,440	...	...
Owner	1,420,360	...	...	333,250	...	...
Renter	715,540	...	...	133,190	...	...
Band housing	10	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	2,135,910	...	...	466,440	...	...
Condominium	445,650	...	...	104,630	...	...
Not condominium	1,690,260	...	...	361,810	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	2,135,910	...	...	466,440	...	...
No bedrooms	24,165	...	...	1,765	...	...
1 bedroom	384,275	...	...	50,715	...	...
2 bedrooms	452,930	...	...	105,125	...	...
3 bedrooms	627,365	...	...	163,430	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	647,170	...	...	145,405	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	2,135,905	...	...	466,440	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	751,950	...	...	126,900	...	...
5 rooms	290,215	...	...	71,525	...	...
6 rooms	278,975	...	...	67,640	...	...
7 rooms	249,710	...	...	58,660	...	...
8 or more rooms	565,055	...	...	141,710	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.9	...	...	6.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	2,135,910	...	...	466,440	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,042,675	...	...	454,640	...	...
More than 1 person per room	93,235	...	...	11,800	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	2,135,905	...	...	466,440	...	...
Suitable	1,930,485	...	...	444,145	...	...
Not suitable	205,420	...	...	22,295	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	2,135,910	...	...	466,440	...	...
1960 or before	437,615	...	...	46,435	...	...
1961 to 1980	566,970	...	...	136,445	...	...
1981 to 1990	300,455	...	...	60,915	...	...
1991 to 2000	268,320	...	...	73,380	...	...
2001 to 2005	198,705	...	...	52,615	...	...
2006 to 2010	185,715	...	...	50,200	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	178,125	...	...	46,455	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	2,135,910	...	...	466,440	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	2,019,695	...	...	446,360	...	...
Major repairs needed	116,215	...	...	20,075	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	2,135,910	...	...	466,440	...	...
1 household maintainer	1,205,800	...	...	260,935	...	...
2 household maintainers	841,650	...	...	187,705	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	88,460	...	...	17,800	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	2,135,905	...	...	466,440	...	...
15 to 24 years	48,555	...	...	13,330	...	...
25 to 34 years	296,125	...	...	90,020	...	...
35 to 44 years	406,810	...	...	101,280	...	...
45 to 54 years	497,290	...	...	99,230	...	...
55 to 64 years	414,985	...	...	85,280	...	...
65 to 74 years	264,505	...	...	45,995	...	...
75 to 84 years	149,385	...	...	22,995	...	...
85 years and over	58,260	...	...	8,305	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	2,130,850	...	...	464,080	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,418,495	...	...	360,895	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	712,350	...	...	103,180	...	...
30% to less than 100%	589,435	...	...	88,930	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,418,695	...	...	333,235	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	63.2	...	...	66.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	26.7	...	...	16.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,655	...	...	1,586	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,755	...	...	1,611	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	647,648	...	...	450,322	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	734,924	...	...	517,942	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	715,420	...	...	133,190	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	14.6	...	...	10.2	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	46.9	...	...	36.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,207	...	...	1,308	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,264	...	...	1,354	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,900	995,205	494,095	501,110
No certificate, diploma or degree	794,735	377,800	416,930	134,445	68,580	65,865
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	1,262,345	621,135	641,215	257,010	128,455	128,555
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,822,010	1,346,255	1,475,755	603,750	297,060	306,685
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	216,485	144,375	72,110	65,455	48,585	16,870
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	116,425	69,165	47,260	23,950	13,665	10,285
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	100,065	75,215	24,850	41,500	34,920	6,585
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	844,670	369,815	474,855	175,745	74,265	101,485
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	134,705	60,270	74,435	31,685	13,040	18,640
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,626,155	771,800	854,355	330,865	161,175	169,690
Bachelor's degree	1,075,760	494,850	580,905	230,230	109,110	121,120
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	107,255	49,015	58,245	17,400	8,030	9,370
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	44,785	22,370	22,420	8,655	4,235	4,425
Master's degree	350,785	176,595	174,185	63,930	32,975	30,955
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	47,570	28,965	18,600	10,650	6,835	3,820
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	3,288,690	1,578,640	1,710,055	720,405	359,295	361,110
No certificate, diploma or degree	316,395	160,105	156,295	58,820	32,035	26,785
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	718,855	360,435	358,420	157,735	80,555	77,180
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,253,435	1,058,095	1,195,340	503,850	246,705	257,145
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	147,990	97,935	50,050	50,370	38,010	12,360
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	79,985	47,200	32,785	17,770	10,345	7,425
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	68,005	50,740	17,270	32,600	27,670	4,935
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	660,375	288,290	372,080	141,365	60,495	80,870
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	101,090	44,915	56,180	25,545	10,545	15,000
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,343,990	626,960	717,030	286,575	137,655	148,920
Bachelor's degree	876,470	399,455	477,015	198,340	93,270	105,065
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	87,155	38,320	48,835	14,525	6,595	7,930
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	36,605	17,060	19,545	7,705	3,540	4,165
Master's degree	306,310	150,595	155,715	57,340	28,925	28,410
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	37,445	21,525	15,920	8,670	5,320	3,350
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,900	995,205	494,100	501,110
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	2,057,085	998,935	1,058,145	391,460	197,040	194,425
Education	143,825	29,335	114,490	35,195	7,430	27,765
13. Education	143,825	29,335	114,490	35,195	7,430	27,765
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	138,915	62,540	76,375	19,950	8,325	11,620
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	18,065	13,420	4,645	3,260	2,270	995
50. Visual and performing arts	120,850	49,120	71,735	16,685	6,060	10,630
Humanities	190,960	67,430	123,535	27,690	10,035	17,655
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	22,465	4,895	17,570	3,035	625	2,415
23. English language and literature/letters	53,980	15,275	38,705	6,980	1,835	5,140
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	57,545	19,230	38,315	8,525	2,845	5,680
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	925	420	505	125	60	65
38. Philosophy and religious studies	12,380	6,900	5,485	1,855	1,015	840
39. Theology and religious vocations	10,235	6,460	3,765	2,680	1,630	1,050
54. History	26,685	13,230	13,455	3,755	1,880	1,880
55. French language and literature/letters	6,750	1,015	5,735	740	150	585
Social and behavioural sciences and law	404,445	141,120	263,325	65,540	23,280	42,260
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	5,520	1,040	4,480	735	125	610
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	44,435	17,305	27,130	8,130	2,740	5,395
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	57,210	5,340	51,870	7,730	825	6,910
22. Legal professions and studies	69,375	26,940	42,430	12,205	4,310	7,890
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	6,765	1,550	5,220	860	200	660
42. Psychology	56,380	13,470	42,905	10,290	2,320	7,970
45. Social sciences	164,760	75,470	89,290	25,590	12,765	12,825
Business, management and public administration	683,170	305,955	377,210	139,545	58,510	81,030
30.16 Accounting and computer science	1,380	525	855	175	65	105
44. Public administration and social service professions	41,330	8,545	32,785	6,950	1,200	5,750
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	640,460	296,885	343,575	132,420	57,245	75,180
Physical and life sciences and technologies	135,195	63,275	71,920	32,295	17,580	14,710
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	56,780	22,320	34,460	10,155	4,080	6,080
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	33,525	14,700	18,820	6,025	2,915	3,110
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	2,425	770	1,655	305	115	195
40. Physical sciences	37,715	23,855	13,860	14,470	10,030	4,445
41. Science technologies/technicians	4,745	1,620	3,125	1,335	445	885
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	167,300	108,360	58,945	27,160	17,580	9,580
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	129,355	88,860	40,490	22,105	15,375	6,735
25. Library science	5,930	975	4,950	1,460	210	1,250
27. Mathematics and statistics	29,330	16,665	12,665	3,300	1,805	1,490
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	2,690	1,845	840	300	190	105
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	483,705	417,195	66,510	141,635	120,755	20,880
04. Architecture and related services	30,785	19,780	11,000	5,350	3,270	2,080
14. Engineering	209,840	167,090	42,755	58,720	46,645	12,070
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	82,390	74,000	8,390	26,770	21,725	5,045
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	105	25	75	35	0	30
46. Construction trades	62,875	61,525	1,345	22,095	21,395	700
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	64,895	63,235	1,660	19,140	18,540	605
48. Precision production	32,825	31,545	1,280	9,525	9,180	345
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	31,395	16,880	14,510	9,055	4,780	4,275
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	18,615	10,510	8,105	4,665	2,630	2,030
03. Natural resources and conservation	12,775	6,370	6,410	4,385	2,145	2,245
Health and related fields	329,520	79,140	250,380	82,035	17,425	64,615
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	27,935	14,250	13,685	6,885	3,385	3,500
51. Health professions and related programs	289,225	58,445	230,780	72,655	12,730	59,930
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	12,370	6,450	5,920	2,495	1,315	1,185
Personal, protective and transportation services	113,240	54,930	58,315	23,590	11,340	12,245
12. Personal and culinary services	69,505	21,485	48,025	15,855	5,095	10,760
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	400	355	45	105	95	10
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	545	510	30	145	125	20
43. Security and protective services	27,635	19,200	8,440	3,285	2,220	1,070
49. Transportation and materials moving	15,155	13,380	1,775	4,200	3,810	395
Other	335	95	235	60	20	45
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	335	100	235	60	20	45
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	3,288,690	1,578,640	1,710,050	720,405	359,295	361,110
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	1,035,250	520,540	514,710	216,550	112,590	103,965
Education	105,195	20,910	84,285	26,940	5,300	21,645
13. Education	105,195	20,910	84,285	26,945	5,295	21,645
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	111,390	50,080	61,305	16,545	6,820	9,725
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	13,840	10,300	3,535	2,680	1,850	830
50. Visual and performing arts	97,550	39,775	57,770	13,860	4,970	8,895
Humanities	148,140	50,890	97,255	23,135	8,215	14,920
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	17,660	3,540	14,120	2,595	525	2,075
23. English language and literature/letters	41,970	11,575	30,395	5,900	1,535	4,365
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	45,505	14,730	30,775	7,335	2,405	4,925
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	740	345	390	120	60	55
38. Philosophy and religious studies	9,615	5,405	4,205	1,495	815	675
39. Theology and religious vocations	7,505	4,705	2,800	2,020	1,200	820
54. History	20,195	9,940	10,250	3,135	1,550	1,585
55. French language and literature/letters	4,965	635	4,325	540	125	415
Social and behavioural sciences and law	328,240	111,705	216,530	56,210	19,660	36,545
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	4,530	880	3,645	615	120	500
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	36,715	14,295	22,425	7,080	2,340	4,745
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	44,120	3,755	40,370	6,295	650	5,645
22. Legal professions and studies	58,950	20,950	38,000	10,610	3,525	7,085
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	5,295	1,275	4,020	730	175	555
42. Psychology	44,300	10,030	34,270	8,665	1,870	6,800
45. Social sciences	134,325	60,520	73,810	22,200	10,975	11,225
Business, management and public administration	564,595	248,210	316,390	118,600	49,620	68,980
30.16 Accounting and computer science	1,160	430	735	150	65	85
44. Public administration and social service professions	33,415	6,830	26,585	5,890	970	4,915
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	530,015	240,955	289,060	112,560	48,580	63,980
Physical and life sciences and technologies	103,055	46,585	56,475	26,200	13,905	12,290
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	43,415	16,535	26,875	8,375	3,285	5,095
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25,865	11,000	14,865	4,955	2,410	2,545
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	1,995	655	1,335	240	105	135
40. Physical sciences	28,260	17,290	10,970	11,620	7,790	3,835
41. Science technologies/technicians	3,535	1,110	2,430	1,005	315	695
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	148,790	96,820	51,970	24,470	15,875	8,595
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	118,355	81,355	37,000	20,410	14,175	6,230
25. Library science	4,220	735	3,485	1,165	175	995
27. Mathematics and statistics	23,830	13,135	10,700	2,635	1,370	1,270
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	2,380	1,595	790	255	160	105
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	373,050	316,715	56,335	117,760	99,215	18,545
04. Architecture and related services	25,325	15,870	9,455	4,450	2,585	1,865
14. Engineering	171,640	134,400	37,240	51,090	40,000	11,090
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	61,555	55,085	6,465	21,885	17,690	4,200
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	95	20	75	30	0	30
46. Construction trades	45,310	44,305	1,000	18,060	17,455	600
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	47,060	45,880	1,170	15,035	14,555	480
48. Precision production	22,075	21,155	915	7,210	6,925	285
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	24,915	12,845	12,070	7,865	4,030	3,835
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	14,535	7,740	6,800	3,890	2,135	1,760
03. Natural resources and conservation	10,375	5,105	5,270	3,975	1,900	2,075
Health and related fields	260,215	62,080	198,135	67,250	14,710	52,540
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	21,080	10,715	10,365	5,835	2,905	2,930
51. Health professions and related programs	229,345	46,565	182,780	59,180	10,680	48,500
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	9,790	4,795	4,990	2,235	1,125	1,110
Personal, protective and transportation services	85,575	41,185	44,390	18,835	9,340	9,495
12. Personal and culinary services	52,095	15,715	36,385	12,475	4,170	8,305
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	285	245	40	75	65	10
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	255	240	15	75	70	10
43. Security and protective services	20,920	14,315	6,605	2,685	1,845	835
49. Transportation and materials moving	12,015	10,670	1,345	3,530	3,195	335
Other	285	80	205	50	15	30
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	285	75	210	50	15	35
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,905	995,210	494,100	501,110
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,057,080	998,935	1,058,145	391,465	197,035	194,420
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	2,822,010	1,346,255	1,475,760	603,750	297,060	306,685
Location of study inside Canada	1,913,405	904,105	1,009,300	445,270	219,840	225,430
Same as province or territory of residence	1,765,910	831,915	934,000	308,130	151,020	157,110
Different than province or territory of residence	147,495	72,195	75,305	137,140	68,825	68,320
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	908,605	442,150	466,460	158,475	77,220	81,260
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	83,885	46,165	37,725	18,870	10,835	8,035
Philippines	96,085	33,600	62,485	27,005	10,400	16,605
India	142,155	71,730	70,420	18,585	9,255	9,330
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	59,990	33,500	26,490	12,830	7,345	5,490
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	78,940	37,355	41,580	11,810	5,565	6,250
France	6,680	3,625	3,055	1,175	680	500
Other	440,875	216,165	224,710	68,200	33,145	35,055
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	3,288,690	1,578,635	1,710,055	720,405	359,290	361,110
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,035,250	520,540	514,715	216,550	112,590	103,965
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	2,253,435	1,058,100	1,195,340	503,850	246,705	257,145
Location of study inside Canada	1,525,890	713,690	812,200	367,885	181,930	185,960
Same as province or territory of residence	1,408,565	656,055	752,510	254,900	125,155	129,745
Different than province or territory of residence	117,325	57,635	59,690	112,985	56,770	56,210
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	727,550	344,405	383,140	135,965	64,775	71,185
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	66,805	35,720	31,085	14,875	8,305	6,565
Philippines	81,210	27,965	53,245	24,980	9,530	15,450
India	122,145	59,885	62,265	16,790	8,220	8,570
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	37,190	20,385	16,805	9,210	5,270	3,940
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	66,635	31,040	35,595	10,395	4,800	5,595
France	5,615	3,030	2,590	1,025	605	430
Other	347,945	166,390	181,555	58,685	28,040	30,645
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,900	995,210	494,100	501,110
In the labour force	3,234,350	1,670,030	1,564,315	727,400	386,440	340,960
Employed	2,984,990	1,546,745	1,438,250	658,130	347,640	310,490
Unemployed	249,360	123,290	126,070	69,270	38,805	30,470
Not in the labour force	1,644,740	675,160	969,585	267,810	107,660	160,150
Participation rate	66.3	71.2	61.7	73.1	78.2	68.0
Employment rate	61.2	66.0	56.8	66.1	70.4	62.0
Unemployment rate	7.7	7.4	8.1	9.5	10.0	8.9
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,905	995,210	494,100	501,115
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	1,592,740	654,475	938,270	245,050	97,105	147,950
Worked	3,286,350	1,690,715	1,595,635	750,155	396,995	353,160
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	1,694,705	941,950	752,765	374,015	215,020	159,000
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	1,591,645	748,775	842,875	376,140	181,975	194,160
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.6	43.3	41.9	42.5	43.2	41.7
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	3,234,350	1,670,035	1,564,320	727,400	386,440	340,960
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,210	41,705	48,505	15,175	6,980	8,195
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,325	1,515,815	712,220	379,460	332,765
Employee	2,744,970	1,368,035	1,376,935	632,520	328,780	303,740
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	399,170	260,290	138,885	79,705	50,675	29,025
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	3,234,355	1,670,030	1,564,320	727,400	386,440	340,960
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,215	41,710	48,505	15,175	6,980	8,190
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,325	1,515,815	712,225	379,460	332,765
0 Management occupations	376,890	228,640	148,255	78,170	50,195	27,970
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	576,955	203,575	373,375	126,355	40,255	86,100
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	269,965	206,395	63,570	79,675	61,985	17,695
3 Health occupations	173,475	41,565	131,915	46,840	9,625	37,210
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	357,990	109,080	248,905	72,725	23,280	49,445
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	127,395	62,535	64,855	19,040	8,195	10,845
6 Sales and service occupations	735,270	338,725	396,550	163,590	72,885	90,705
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	351,740	327,065	24,675	99,345	92,710	6,640
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	24,245	19,360	4,885	9,845	8,085	1,760
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	150,215	91,390	58,825	16,635	12,240	4,395
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	3,234,350	1,670,035	1,564,315	727,400	386,440	340,960
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,210	41,710	48,505	15,175	6,980	8,195
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,320	1,515,815	712,220	379,455	332,765
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	9,410	5,515	3,890	2,485	1,435	1,055
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	4,500	3,110	1,395	44,755	27,955	16,800
22 Utilities	15,860	10,905	4,955	7,975	5,050	2,925
23 Construction	191,430	166,670	24,750	64,960	56,280	8,685
31-33 Manufacturing	285,825	188,490	97,335	36,825	27,150	9,670
41 Wholesale trade	143,725	88,880	54,845	25,880	17,645	8,230
44-45 Retail trade	338,675	161,855	176,820	78,685	38,345	40,340
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	168,165	123,115	45,050	39,765	28,015	11,750
51 Information and cultural industries	106,940	61,970	44,970	14,375	8,605	5,775
52 Finance and insurance	247,475	118,710	128,760	26,420	11,645	14,775
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	82,665	44,590	38,075	14,460	8,245	6,215
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	339,305	191,155	148,150	76,775	44,995	31,780
55 Management of companies and enterprises	8,680	3,615	5,065	3,435	1,825	1,605
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	162,185	89,190	72,995	30,815	17,925	12,895
61 Educational services	229,025	70,820	158,200	45,005	14,380	30,625
62 Health care and social assistance	287,975	58,110	229,865	77,105	14,375	62,730
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	63,745	33,560	30,185	16,270	7,885	8,385
72 Accommodation and food services	204,315	93,560	110,760	50,545	21,570	28,980
81 Other services (except public administration)	134,570	56,235	78,335	29,960	12,230	17,730
91 Public administration	119,675	58,255	61,415	25,730	13,925	11,810
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	2,984,990	1,546,745	1,438,245	658,125	347,640	310,490
Worked at home	218,365	111,020	107,345	44,725	21,325	23,400
Worked outside Canada	19,580	13,225	6,350	2,810	2,145	665
No fixed workplace address	346,205	246,815	99,395	89,305	66,790	22,510
Worked at usual place	2,400,845	1,175,685	1,225,160	521,290	257,375	263,915
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	2,400,850	1,175,685	1,225,160	521,290	257,375	263,910
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,353,665	614,770	738,890	489,460	237,345	252,115
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	243,620	119,725	123,890	21,065	12,400	8,670
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	798,155	437,940	360,215	7,745	5,780	1,965
Commute to a different province or territory	5,410	3,250	2,160	3,015	1,855	1,160
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	2,747,050	1,422,500	1,324,550	610,590	324,165	286,425
Car, truck, van - as a driver	1,714,795	982,905	731,890	433,730	243,310	190,420
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	154,360	56,295	98,065	31,375	10,730	20,645
Public transit	667,255	281,110	386,145	96,510	43,190	53,315
Walked	144,135	64,380	79,750	30,265	14,550	15,715
Bicycle	39,320	24,920	14,395	9,860	6,910	2,945
Other method	27,190	12,890	14,300	8,855	5,470	3,380
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	2,747,050	1,422,500	1,324,550	610,590	324,165	286,425
Less than 15 minutes	391,400	177,910	213,490	105,445	48,710	56,740
15 to 29 minutes	783,980	398,445	385,535	256,495	136,765	119,730
30 to 44 minutes	726,575	394,790	331,790	161,505	91,555	69,945
45 to 59 minutes	372,095	198,325	173,770	50,720	27,095	23,630
60 minutes and over	473,000	253,030	219,970	36,425	20,045	16,380
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	2,747,055	1,422,500	1,324,555	610,590	324,165	286,425
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	158,945	113,980	44,970	40,155	27,800	12,355
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	416,640	250,560	166,080	123,570	74,495	49,080
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	699,920	339,560	360,360	179,975	93,225	86,750
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	649,740	299,940	349,800	108,835	51,345	57,495
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	404,420	192,285	212,135	67,150	29,290	37,860
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	417,380	226,175	191,205	90,900	48,015	42,885
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	3,404,195	1,747,775	1,656,415	771,270	406,730	364,535
Single responses	3,323,390	1,708,945	1,614,450	761,730	402,170	359,560
Official languages	3,230,665	1,659,815	1,570,850	752,110	397,185	354,930
English	3,218,730	1,656,605	1,562,120	750,255	396,625	353,630
French	11,940	3,210	8,725	1,860	560	1,300
Non-official languages	92,725	49,125	43,600	9,615	4,985	4,630
Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	10	0	10
Algonquian languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	92,715	49,125	43,590	9,605	4,985	4,630
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,865	1,065	805	340	205	135
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	100	45	60	10	10	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	15	10	0	0	0	0
Somali	85	30	55	10	0	10
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,755	1,020	735	335	200	130
Amharic	55	20	35	45	30	15
Arabic	1,165	760	405	240	150	90
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	110	75	30	10	10	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	360	115	245	30	10	20
Maltese	25	15	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	45	25	20	10	0	10
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,780	740	1,045	790	290	495
Khmer (Cambodian)	45	30	25	0	0	0
Vietnamese	1,735	715	1,025	785	290	500
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,105	415	690	315	145	175
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	10	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	35	15	20	15	0	15
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	40	15	20	0	0	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	990	370	615	285	140	145
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	20	15	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	1,910	905	1,000	20	10	10
Kannada	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	55	30	30	0	0	0
Tamil	1,815	870	945	15	10	10
Telugu	35	0	25	0	0	10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	27,005	14,870	12,135	3,050	1,690	1,360
Albanian	210	125	85	20	15	10
Armenian	140	65	70	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5,315	2,575	2,745	310	155	155
Baltic languages	55	20	30	0	0	0
Latvian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	45	15	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5,260	2,550	2,710	310	155	160
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	45	30	10	10	10	0
Bulgarian	115	75	40	10	0	0
Croatian	95	55	35	10	10	10
Czech	15	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	80	35	40	0	0	0
Polish	1,490	800	690	100	70	25
Russian	2,515	1,095	1,415	155	60	100
Serbian	160	110	55	10	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	20	10	0	0	0	0
Slovak	45	30	15	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	680	290	390	25	0	20
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	380	145	230	80	45	35
Afrikaans	0	0	0	15	10	10
Danish	20	0	10	0	0	0
Dutch	60	40	25	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	240	70	165	50	35	20
Icelandic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Swedish	20	10	15	10	10	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	10	0	10	0	0
Yiddish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	340	190	155	10	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages	10,855	6,035	4,815	1,790	1,070	725
Indo-Aryan languages	8,405	4,500	3,905	1,650	980	670
Bengali	300	145	155	15	10	10
Gujarati	615	210	405	20	10	10
Hindi	740	355	385	110	50	55
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	10	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	10	15	0	0	0
Nepali	60	20	35	25	20	15
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5,635	3,250	2,385	1,365	855	510
Sindhi	20	10	15	10	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	20	15	10	10	10	0
Urdu	985	480	505	105	40	65
Iranian languages	2,445	1,535	910	135	85	50
Kurdish	85	75	10	0	0	0
Pashto	10	10	10	20	15	0
Persian (Farsi)	2,350	1,460	890	115	65	50
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	9,760	5,730	4,030	840	405	435
Catalan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	775	415	355	10	10	0
Portuguese	5,070	3,365	1,705	90	45	45
Romanian	245	105	140	50	35	15
Spanish	3,660	1,840	1,820	690	320	370
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	775	250	520	95	35	60
Kartvelian languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Georgian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Korean	4,265	2,155	2,105	470	195	280
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	70	35	35	25	10	20
Akan (Twi)	15	0	15	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	20	15	10	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	10	0	20	10	15
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	10	10	0	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	350	140	210	55	20	35
American Sign Language	245	80	170	25	10	20
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	110	65	45	30	15	15
Sino-Tibetan languages	52,745	28,050	24,695	4,365	2,330	2,035
Chinese languages	52,700	28,020	24,675	4,330	2,310	2,015
Cantonese	25,335	13,205	12,130	2,830	1,465	1,365
Hakka	35	10	25	0	0	0
Mandarin	26,135	14,210	11,930	1,360	770	590
Min Dong	25	15	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	220	145	75	15	0	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	30	20	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	910	420	490	125	75	50
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	50	30	20	35	20	15
Burmese	10	0	0	15	10	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Tibetan	40	25	15	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tai-Kadai languages	70	30	40	10	10	0
Lao	10	0	10	0	0	0
Thai	65	30	30	10	10	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	415	285	130	25	10	10
Azerbaijani	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turkish	400	270	130	20	10	10
Uyghur	0	10	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	305	140	165	45	30	15
Estonian	50	15	35	0	0	0
Finnish	45	10	35	0	0	0
Hungarian	220	125	95	40	35	15
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	10	0	0
Multiple responses	80,805	38,835	41,970	9,535	4,560	4,975
English and French	16,405	6,285	10,115	1,525	615	910
English and non-official language	63,155	31,990	31,165	7,865	3,875	3,985
French and non-official language	85	45	40	20	10	15
English, French and non-official language	1,160	510	645	130	65	70
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	3,404,200	1,747,780	1,656,420	771,265	406,730	364,535
None	3,137,830	1,614,155	1,523,680	735,050	388,360	346,690
English	44,560	21,510	23,050	4,985	2,355	2,630
French	47,885	20,415	27,475	7,140	3,250	3,890
Non-official language	169,430	89,575	79,855	23,465	12,445	11,025
Aboriginal	155	50	105	75	20	60
Non-Aboriginal	169,270	89,525	79,750	23,390	12,425	10,960
English and French	85	45	45	25	10	15
English and non-official language	1,225	585	640	110	50	55
French and non-official language	3,160	1,480	1,675	495	265	230
English, French and non-official language	25	20	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	5,802,555	2,819,345	2,983,215	1,205,770	601,970	603,795
Non-movers	5,070,300	2,459,065	2,611,235	1,014,540	505,275	509,265
Movers	732,260	360,275	371,980	191,230	96,700	94,530
Non-migrants	433,235	212,190	221,040	142,630	72,720	69,910
Migrants	299,025	148,080	150,940	48,595	23,975	24,625
Internal migrants	194,570	96,145	98,430	28,020	13,785	14,235
Intraprovincial migrants	168,510	83,115	85,395	13,535	6,780	6,755
Interprovincial migrants	26,065	13,030	13,030	14,490	7,005	7,480
External migrants	104,455	51,940	52,515	20,575	10,185	10,390
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	5,553,650	2,691,730	2,861,915	1,143,585	569,985	573,595
Non-movers	3,411,530	1,646,850	1,764,680	615,955	305,415	310,540
Movers	2,142,120	1,044,880	1,097,235	527,630	264,575	263,060
Non-migrants	1,174,140	570,770	603,370	330,990	167,285	163,700
Migrants	967,975	474,110	493,860	196,640	97,285	99,355
Internal migrants	577,355	282,680	294,680	109,560	54,755	54,805
Intraprovincial migrants	510,305	250,225	260,080	40,130	20,085	20,050
Interprovincial migrants	67,050	32,450	34,600	69,425	34,670	34,755
External migrants	390,620	191,435	199,185	87,080	42,525	44,555