Census Profile, 2016 Census
Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario and Canada [Country]

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Toronto Ontario [Census metropolitan area]			Canada [Country]
	Data quality , Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario  Map : Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Canada [Country]  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	5,928,040	...	...	35,151,728	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	5,583,064	...	...	33,476,688	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	6.2	...	...	5.0	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	2,235,145	...	...	15,412,443	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	2,135,909	...	...	14,072,079	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,003.8	...	...	3.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	5,905.84	...	...	8,965,588.85	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	5,928,040	2,876,755	3,051,290	35,151,730	17,264,200	17,887,530
0 to 14 years	985,615	505,690	479,920	5,839,565	2,992,920	2,846,645
0 to 4 years	310,070	158,835	151,235	1,898,790	973,030	925,760
5 to 9 years	338,320	173,665	164,660	2,018,130	1,034,685	983,445
10 to 14 years	337,220	173,190	164,035	1,922,645	985,200	937,445
15 to 64 years	4,083,850	1,988,910	2,094,935	23,376,530	11,576,130	11,800,400
15 to 19 years	366,525	188,790	177,735	2,026,160	1,039,215	986,940
20 to 24 years	411,945	210,445	201,500	2,242,690	1,144,495	1,098,200
25 to 29 years	424,345	209,785	214,560	2,285,990	1,144,470	1,141,515
30 to 34 years	419,845	201,620	218,220	2,329,395	1,148,290	1,181,110
35 to 39 years	406,175	190,620	215,555	2,288,365	1,118,635	1,169,730
40 to 44 years	414,490	195,580	218,910	2,255,135	1,104,440	1,150,695
45 to 49 years	440,145	210,225	229,920	2,359,965	1,157,760	1,202,210
50 to 54 years	460,465	225,115	235,350	2,678,075	1,318,755	1,359,320
55 to 59 years	407,175	198,170	209,005	2,620,240	1,285,190	1,335,055
60 to 64 years	332,740	158,560	174,175	2,290,510	1,114,885	1,175,630
65 years and over	858,580	382,150	476,435	5,935,630	2,695,150	3,240,485
65 to 69 years	280,910	132,275	148,635	1,972,480	953,075	1,019,405
70 to 74 years	197,490	91,745	105,745	1,420,875	677,975	742,900
75 to 79 years	151,925	68,045	83,880	1,021,850	469,550	552,300
80 to 84 years	113,220	49,005	64,215	749,650	325,765	423,880
85 years and over	115,030	41,080	73,955	770,780	268,790	501,990
85 to 89 years	72,340	28,160	44,175	482,525	185,535	296,990
90 to 94 years	33,400	10,570	22,835	223,510	68,675	154,835
95 to 99 years	8,030	2,115	5,915	56,525	13,240	43,280
100 years and over	1,270	230	1,040	8,230	1,340	6,890
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	17.6	15.7	16.6	17.3	15.9
15 to 64 years	68.9	69.1	68.7	66.5	67.1	66.0
65 years and over	14.5	13.3	15.6	16.9	15.6	18.1
85 years and over	1.9	1.4	2.4	2.2	1.6	2.8
Average age of the population	39.7	38.7	40.6	41.0	40.1	41.9
Median age of the population	39.4	38.2	40.4	41.2	40.2	42.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	2,135,910	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
Single-detached house	846,405	...	...	7,541,495	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	626,905	...	...	1,391,040	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	661,955	...	...	4,949,795	...	...
Semi-detached house	158,815	...	...	698,800	...	...
Row house	195,245	...	...	891,305	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	89,975	...	...	784,300	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	214,365	...	...	2,539,390	...	...
Other single-attached house	3,555	...	...	36,005	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	640	...	...	189,755	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	2,135,910	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
1 person	519,795	...	...	3,969,790	...	...
2 persons	598,700	...	...	4,834,605	...	...
3 persons	373,775	...	...	2,140,640	...	...
4 persons	377,170	...	...	1,946,275	...	...
5 or more persons	266,470	...	...	1,180,770	...	...
Number of persons in private households	5,862,855	...	...	34,460,060	...	...
Average household size	2.7	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	4,942,430	2,371,060	2,571,365	29,312,160	14,271,280	15,040,885
Married or living common law	2,758,170	1,378,855	1,379,315	16,893,720	8,452,135	8,441,585
Married	2,466,925	1,230,930	1,235,995	13,383,455	6,693,465	6,689,990
Living common law	291,240	147,925	143,320	3,510,265	1,758,670	1,751,590
Not married and not living common law	2,184,260	992,210	1,192,050	12,418,440	5,819,140	6,599,300
Never married	1,537,495	798,270	739,220	8,254,340	4,444,425	3,809,915
Separated	130,030	51,235	78,795	718,295	309,905	408,400
Divorced	271,530	97,385	174,150	1,816,005	725,535	1,090,470
Widowed	245,200	45,310	199,890	1,629,800	339,280	1,290,525
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	1,625,790	...	...	9,840,730	...	...
2 persons	682,915	...	...	5,007,790	...	...
3 persons	397,625	...	...	2,107,830	...	...
4 persons	391,440	...	...	1,909,935	...	...
5 or more persons	153,805	...	...	815,170	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	1,625,790	...	...	9,840,730	...	...
Total couple families	1,333,645	...	...	8,227,925	...	...
Married couples	1,188,130	...	...	6,474,005	...	...
Common-law couples	145,515	...	...	1,753,920	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	292,150	...	...	1,612,805	...	...
Female parent	241,820	...	...	1,262,340	...	...
Male parent	50,325	...	...	350,465	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	1,333,645	...	...	8,227,925	...	...
Couples without children	509,835	...	...	4,024,305	...	...
Couples with children	823,805	...	...	4,203,615	...	...
1 child	312,605	...	...	1,650,165	...	...
2 children	366,295	...	...	1,783,080	...	...
3 or more children	144,910	...	...	770,375	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	292,145	...	...	1,612,805	...	...
1 child	173,080	...	...	983,485	...	...
2 children	85,025	...	...	457,670	...	...
3 or more children	34,040	...	...	171,655	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	923,210	415,830	507,380	6,107,260	2,941,395	3,165,865
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	2,135,910	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
One-census-family households	1,430,535	...	...	9,218,225	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	434,860	...	...	3,782,095	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	995,670	...	...	5,436,135	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	93,790	...	...	301,715	...	...
Non-census-family households	611,585	...	...	4,552,135	...	...
One-person households	519,790	...	...	3,969,790	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	91,795	...	...	582,350	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,885	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,080
English only	5,154,905	2,553,030	2,601,880	23,757,525	11,838,075	11,919,455
French only	4,855	2,035	2,815	4,144,685	1,925,845	2,218,840
English and French	464,980	201,080	263,900	6,216,065	3,071,325	3,144,740
Neither English nor French	258,925	102,635	156,290	648,970	265,920	383,045
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	5,883,665	2,858,785	3,024,885	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085
English	5,503,690	2,700,905	2,802,785	26,007,500	12,852,330	13,155,165
French	72,790	33,545	39,245	7,705,755	3,780,105	3,925,650
English and French	51,895	23,470	28,425	417,485	209,130	208,355
Neither English nor French	255,295	100,870	154,430	636,515	259,600	376,910
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	98,735	45,280	53,455	7,914,495	3,884,670	4,029,825
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	1.7	1.6	1.8	22.8	22.7	22.8
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,880	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,085
Single responses	5,645,915	2,743,825	2,902,090	33,948,620	16,702,840	17,245,775
Official languages	3,127,355	1,550,385	1,576,970	26,627,555	13,201,620	13,425,940
English	3,061,820	1,520,045	1,541,775	19,460,850	9,680,125	9,780,725
French	65,535	30,340	35,195	7,166,705	3,521,495	3,645,215
Non-official languages	2,518,555	1,193,440	1,325,120	7,321,065	3,501,220	3,819,840
Aboriginal languages	575	255	325	195,700	94,795	100,900
Algonquian languages	400	175	230	130,450	62,930	67,520
Blackfoot	5	10	0	2,815	1,325	1,490
Cree-Montagnais languages	115	45	70	88,445	42,920	45,530
Atikamekw	5	0	5	6,150	3,135	3,015
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	0	10,230	4,885	5,350
Moose Cree	10	0	10	100	50	55
Naskapi	5	5	0	1,205	590	620
Northern East Cree	5	0	0	315	125	190
Plains Cree	10	0	5	3,065	1,360	1,710
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	45	20	25
Swampy Cree	30	10	20	1,440	585	850
Woods Cree	5	0	0	1,840	865	975
Cree, n.o.s.	55	20	35	64,050	31,305	32,745
Eastern Algonquian languages	25	10	15	6,990	3,310	3,680
Malecite	0	0	0	305	140	160
Mi'kmaq	25	10	15	6,690	3,170	3,520
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	250	115	140	32,150	15,350	16,800
Algonquin	5	0	0	1,260	590	670
Ojibway	230	105	120	17,890	8,440	9,450
Oji-Cree	10	5	5	12,855	6,260	6,595
Ottawa (Odawa)	15	5	10	150	65	85
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	45	25	20
Athabaskan languages	25	10	15	17,365	8,325	9,045
Northern Athabaskan languages	25	10	15	17,315	8,310	9,010
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	110	55	60
Beaver	0	0	0	190	85	105
Carrier	0	5	0	1,025	465	565
Chilcotin	5	0	5	660	295	360
Dene	5	5	5	10,700	5,185	5,515
Dogrib (Tlicho)	5	0	0	1,645	840	815
Gwich'in	5	0	5	260	110	145
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	5	5	80	25	50
Sekani	0	0	0	90	45	45
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	1,995	950	1,045
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	765	365	400
South Slavey	0	0	0	945	455	495
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	280	130	150
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	270	135	140
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	180	90	90
Tahltan	0	0	0	95	40	50
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	290	120	170
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	215	90	135
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	70	30	40
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	50	20	35
Haida	0	5	0	75	35	40
Inuit languages	35	15	20	36,545	18,100	18,445
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	1,025	445	575
Inuktitut	30	10	20	35,215	17,530	17,680
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	315	125	185
Iroquoian languages	20	5	10	1,115	485	635
Cayuga	0	0	0	45	20	20
Mohawk	15	10	5	980	430	555
Oneida	5	0	5	55	20	40
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	15	20
Kutenai	0	0	0	105	55	55
Michif	5	0	0	465	230	235
Salish languages	5	0	0	2,305	1,130	1,180
Comox	0	0	0	80	45	40
Halkomelem	0	0	0	475	225	245
Lillooet	0	0	0	315	155	155
Okanagan	0	5	0	270	135	135
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	445	225	220
Squamish	0	0	0	40	20	20
Straits	0	0	0	80	40	40
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	335	150	185
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	255	135	125
Siouan languages	0	0	0	4,285	2,070	2,220
Dakota	5	0	0	1,215	570	635
Stoney	0	0	0	3,025	1,465	1,555
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	55	30	25
Tlingit	0	0	0	95	40	55
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	1,480	730	755
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	880	435	445
Nisga'a	0	0	0	400	200	200
Tsimshian	0	0	0	200	90	110
Wakashan languages	0	0	5	805	370	435
Haisla	0	0	0	90	40	50
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	95	40	55
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	325	145	185
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	285	135	140
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	80	40	40	585	295	295
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,517,980	1,193,185	1,324,795	7,125,365	3,406,425	3,718,945
Afro-Asiatic languages	140,140	69,950	70,195	575,365	298,060	277,300
Berber languages	220	130	90	22,135	11,865	10,270
Kabyle	105	60	50	13,150	6,995	6,155
Berber languages, n.i.e.	115	70	45	8,985	4,865	4,115
Cushitic languages	14,405	6,195	8,205	42,885	20,095	22,790
Bilen	80	45	35	805	455	350
Oromo	1,005	490	515	4,960	2,560	2,400
Somali	13,255	5,625	7,630	36,755	16,895	19,865
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	65	35	30	365	195	170
Semitic languages	125,160	63,435	61,725	509,190	265,465	243,725
Amharic	7,460	3,375	4,085	22,465	10,720	11,745
Arabic	85,175	43,805	41,365	419,890	220,785	199,105
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10,195	4,985	5,215	16,070	7,910	8,160
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	1,845	920	925	5,545	2,780	2,770
Harari	930	435	490	1,320	635	685
Hebrew	10,390	5,560	4,830	19,530	10,480	9,045
Maltese	3,525	1,730	1,795	5,565	2,765	2,800
Tigrigna	4,725	2,160	2,560	16,650	8,310	8,340
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	925	465	460	2,155	1,085	1,070
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	355	185	175	1,155	635	520
Austro-Asiatic languages	51,160	23,360	27,800	176,725	81,810	94,920
Khmer (Cambodian)	3,090	1,400	1,690	20,130	9,270	10,860
Vietnamese	48,005	21,935	26,070	156,425	72,470	83,955
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	65	25	40	170	65	100
Austronesian languages	160,980	63,835	97,150	511,480	211,580	299,900
Bikol	470	210	260	1,790	790	1,000
Cebuano	5,080	2,020	3,055	19,890	7,930	11,960
Fijian	55	25	25	745	400	345
Hiligaynon	2,320	890	1,435	6,885	2,680	4,205
Ilocano	9,415	3,685	5,735	26,345	10,620	15,720
Malagasy	25	15	15	1,430	665	760
Malay	4,420	1,995	2,430	12,275	5,255	7,020
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,305	580	725	4,040	1,865	2,175
Pangasinan	450	185	270	1,390	590	800
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	136,115	53,725	82,385	431,380	178,575	252,810
Waray-Waray	315	105	205	1,110	430	675
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,015	400	610	4,195	1,770	2,425
Creole languages	5,505	2,575	2,930	72,125	32,310	39,820
Haitian Creole	200	95	110	3,030	1,445	1,590
Creole, n.o.s.	3,380	1,600	1,785	64,105	28,455	35,660
Creole languages, n.i.e.	1,920	875	1,040	4,985	2,410	2,575
Dravidian languages	133,415	65,680	67,740	189,405	94,765	94,640
Kannada	2,025	1,015	1,010	3,970	2,040	1,935
Malayalam	12,530	6,430	6,100	28,570	14,770	13,800
Tamil	109,580	53,225	56,355	140,720	69,080	71,640
Telugu	9,015	4,880	4,135	15,655	8,640	7,020
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	275	135	140	490	240	250
Hmong-Mien languages	25	10	15	795	395	405
Indo-European languages	1,372,335	664,655	707,680	3,877,330	1,889,400	1,987,930
Albanian	13,260	6,615	6,645	26,890	13,610	13,285
Armenian	12,570	6,070	6,505	33,455	16,270	17,185
Balto-Slavic languages	261,650	119,970	141,685	701,975	323,640	378,340
Baltic languages	5,445	2,185	3,260	12,530	5,315	7,215
Latvian	2,255	905	1,350	5,455	2,350	3,105
Lithuanian	3,185	1,280	1,910	7,075	2,965	4,115
Slavic languages	256,205	117,785	138,420	689,450	318,325	371,115
Belarusan	355	170	185	810	385	430
Bosnian	2,750	1,330	1,415	12,210	6,035	6,180
Bulgarian	6,945	3,350	3,590	20,025	9,675	10,345
Croatian	16,525	7,925	8,595	48,200	23,540	24,665
Czech	4,795	2,215	2,580	22,290	10,525	11,765
Macedonian	12,010	5,700	6,315	16,775	8,050	8,725
Polish	69,860	31,625	38,240	181,710	82,435	99,275
Russian	83,105	37,735	45,375	188,255	85,400	102,855
Serbian	21,420	10,425	10,995	57,350	28,535	28,815
Serbo-Croatian	2,420	1,130	1,290	9,555	4,565	4,985
Slovak	5,260	2,455	2,800	17,580	8,075	9,510
Slovene (Slovenian)	3,705	1,630	2,075	9,790	4,415	5,370
Ukrainian	26,550	11,840	14,710	102,485	45,440	57,040
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	510	265	245	2,415	1,255	1,165
Celtic languages	460	210	250	2,690	1,335	1,360
Scottish Gaelic	165	75	90	1,090	540	550
Welsh	150	65	85	1,075	495	575
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	140	75	70	530	295	235
Germanic languages	45,990	20,810	25,180	538,765	258,410	280,350
Afrikaans	985	475	510	10,265	5,115	5,145
Danish	1,570	710	855	12,630	6,245	6,390
Dutch	8,585	4,045	4,540	99,020	48,200	50,820
Frisian	135	60	75	2,100	1,095	1,005
German	29,425	13,140	16,285	384,035	183,215	200,820
Icelandic	85	40	45	1,285	600	685
Norwegian	380	170	210	4,615	2,170	2,445
Swedish	1,140	485	660	6,840	3,015	3,825
Vlaams (Flemish)	280	110	170	3,895	1,730	2,165
Yiddish	3,355	1,555	1,800	13,555	6,750	6,800
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	50	20	25	525	280	240
Greek	41,225	20,005	21,215	106,525	53,350	53,170
Indo-Iranian languages	589,495	296,750	292,745	1,312,750	664,120	648,630
Indo-Aryan languages	476,470	239,960	236,510	1,064,760	538,530	526,235
Bengali	38,325	19,275	19,045	73,125	37,410	35,720
Gujarati	64,115	32,120	31,995	108,780	55,105	53,670
Hindi	48,140	24,165	23,975	110,640	55,880	54,765
Kashmiri	275	140	140	565	300	265
Konkani	2,155	1,020	1,135	3,330	1,625	1,710
Marathi	4,465	2,270	2,200	8,295	4,300	3,995
Nepali	4,685	2,350	2,330	18,275	9,230	9,045
Oriya (Odia)	585	315	270	1,055	560	495
Punjabi (Panjabi)	171,230	86,995	84,230	501,680	253,515	248,160
Sindhi	5,800	2,720	3,085	11,860	5,605	6,260
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	7,860	3,805	4,055	16,335	8,050	8,285
Urdu	128,845	64,790	64,060	210,815	106,960	103,860
Iranian languages	111,100	55,775	55,330	242,805	122,835	119,970
Kurdish	2,775	1,555	1,220	11,705	6,345	5,355
Pashto	7,685	3,960	3,730	16,910	8,760	8,145
Persian (Farsi)	100,640	50,255	50,380	214,200	107,725	106,470
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	1,920	1,020	910	5,180	2,755	2,425
Italic (Romance) languages	407,685	194,225	213,460	1,154,270	558,660	595,615
Catalan	165	90	75	865	440	425
Italian	151,415	72,645	78,770	375,635	184,415	191,220
Portuguese	104,305	50,075	54,235	221,540	106,630	114,910
Romanian	25,075	11,670	13,400	96,665	46,195	50,470
Spanish	126,500	59,645	66,860	458,850	220,605	238,245
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	225	105	125	720	380	340
Japanese	9,650	3,370	6,280	43,640	14,790	28,855
Kartvelian languages	1,110	595	515	1,715	910	805
Georgian	1,110	595	515	1,715	910	805
Korean	55,005	25,250	29,750	153,425	70,310	83,115
Mongolic languages	345	155	190	1,575	690	885
Mongolian	345	155	190	1,575	690	880
Niger-Congo languages	24,130	11,310	12,820	91,375	45,075	46,305
Akan (Twi)	8,490	3,905	4,580	13,455	6,490	6,970
Bamanankan	60	30	30	1,535	815	720
Edo	1,020	410	610	1,670	770	900
Ewe	370	185	190	1,760	950	805
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	220	115	105	2,825	1,495	1,335
Ga	440	200	245	920	445	470
Ganda	515	245	270	1,295	625	665
Igbo	1,520	775	750	4,235	2,265	1,970
Lingala	375	175	200	3,810	1,785	2,025
Rundi (Kirundi)	355	165	185	5,845	2,785	3,060
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	380	175	210	5,250	2,355	2,895
Shona	680	325	355	3,180	1,520	1,665
Swahili	3,215	1,495	1,715	13,370	6,385	6,990
Wolof	160	90	80	3,990	2,170	1,820
Yoruba	3,380	1,720	1,655	9,085	4,785	4,300
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	2,945	1,310	1,635	19,135	9,435	9,695
Nilo-Saharan languages	360	200	160	5,870	3,025	2,845
Dinka	45	25	15	2,120	1,115	1,000
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	315	170	145	3,755	1,910	1,840
Sign languages	1,220	665	555	7,500	3,925	3,575
American Sign Language	470	250	220	2,685	1,320	1,360
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	695	340	355
Sign languages, n.i.e	750	420	330	4,120	2,265	1,860
Sino-Tibetan languages	516,670	239,930	276,740	1,269,215	589,570	679,645
Chinese languages	510,185	236,775	273,415	1,253,360	581,650	671,715
Cantonese	247,710	115,020	132,680	565,270	262,865	302,405
Hakka	6,495	2,915	3,580	10,910	4,900	6,015
Mandarin	227,085	105,655	121,435	592,040	274,630	317,410
Min Dong	765	370	395	1,230	580	650
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	11,580	5,345	6,235	31,795	14,450	17,350
Wu (Shanghainese)	5,290	2,380	2,910	12,915	5,780	7,140
Chinese, n.o.s.	11,075	4,995	6,080	38,580	18,165	20,410
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	190	95	95	610	275	335
Tibeto-Burman languages	6,485	3,160	3,325	15,850	7,925	7,935
Burmese	1,005	450	555	3,585	1,795	1,790
Karenic languages	265	125	140	4,705	2,355	2,350
Tibetan	4,875	2,410	2,470	6,165	3,080	3,080
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	335	175	160	1,400	695	705
Tai-Kadai languages	3,935	1,600	2,340	22,010	8,870	13,145
Lao	2,275	1,095	1,180	12,670	6,145	6,525
Thai	1,640	495	1,145	9,255	2,690	6,565
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	25	10	15	80	35	55
Turkic languages	16,700	8,685	8,015	40,140	21,120	19,025
Azerbaijani	1,615	865	745	3,260	1,785	1,470
Turkish	13,700	7,145	6,550	32,815	17,375	15,440
Uyghur	385	195	195	1,035	510	525
Uzbek	595	300	295	1,715	855	865
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	405	180	225	1,315	590	720
Uralic languages	24,330	10,880	13,455	81,985	37,790	44,195
Estonian	2,685	1,100	1,585	5,445	2,325	3,115
Finnish	2,515	1,010	1,505	15,295	6,395	8,900
Hungarian	19,130	8,765	10,360	61,235	29,060	32,175
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	10	5	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	960	495	465	3,690	2,045	1,645
Multiple responses	237,755	114,960	122,795	818,635	398,325	420,305
English and French	14,945	6,895	8,050	165,320	80,460	84,860
English and non-official language	210,320	102,445	107,880	533,265	259,160	274,100
French and non-official language	6,050	2,715	3,330	86,150	42,170	43,985
English, French and non-official language	6,440	2,910	3,535	33,900	16,535	17,365
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,880	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085
Single responses	5,321,900	2,588,170	2,733,730	33,103,860	16,298,475	16,805,395
Official languages	3,866,565	1,899,565	1,966,995	29,106,670	14,383,020	14,723,645
English	3,836,765	1,885,800	1,950,970	22,162,865	10,966,135	11,196,730
French	29,795	13,770	16,030	6,943,800	3,416,890	3,526,910
Non-official languages	1,455,335	688,605	766,730	3,997,195	1,915,450	2,081,750
Aboriginal languages	160	85	80	118,470	59,720	58,750
Algonquian languages	80	40	35	75,080	37,825	37,260
Blackfoot	0	0	0	1,115	555	555
Cree-Montagnais languages	20	10	10	55,825	28,135	27,685
Atikamekw	0	0	0	5,465	2,825	2,640
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	0	8,590	4,195	4,395
Moose Cree	0	5	0	10	5	5
Naskapi	5	5	5	1,200	595	605
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	110	55	60
Plains Cree	0	0	0	1,350	665	685
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	20	5	15
Swampy Cree	0	5	0	330	140	190
Woods Cree	0	0	0	800	410	390
Cree, n.o.s.	10	5	10	37,945	19,240	18,710
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	5	0	3,615	1,795	1,820
Malecite	0	0	0	55	30	30
Mi'kmaq	5	5	0	3,560	1,770	1,795
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	45	20	20	14,525	7,335	7,190
Algonquin	0	0	0	370	170	200
Ojibway	35	20	15	6,175	3,165	3,015
Oji-Cree	5	0	5	7,900	3,960	3,940
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	75	40	35
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Athabaskan languages	15	5	5	10,265	5,125	5,135
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	5	5	10,255	5,120	5,135
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Beaver	0	0	0	50	30	20
Carrier	0	0	0	245	115	130
Chilcotin	0	0	0	255	125	130
Dene	5	0	0	7,710	3,805	3,905
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	5	1,020	550	475
Gwich'in	5	5	5	45	25	25
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	5	0	10	5	5
Sekani	0	0	0	15	10	5
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	820	425	395
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	340	180	155
South Slavey	0	0	0	370	190	185
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	105	55	55
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	25	15	15
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	25	10	10
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	5	5
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	25	15	10
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	10	0	5
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	15	5	5
Haida	0	0	0	10	5	0
Inuit languages	10	5	0	29,490	14,995	14,495
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	165	75	90
Inuktitut	15	5	0	29,230	14,885	14,345
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	90	40	55
Iroquoian languages	5	5	0	285	135	155
Cayuga	0	0	0	10	0	5
Mohawk	5	0	5	255	115	140
Oneida	0	0	0	15	5	10
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kutenai	0	0	0	15	10	5
Michif	0	5	0	85	40	45
Salish languages	0	0	5	285	130	150
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	45	20	25
Lillooet	0	0	0	25	15	10
Okanagan	0	0	0	85	35	45
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	55	30	20
Squamish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Straits	0	0	0	20	10	15
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	15	10
Siouan languages	0	5	0	2,225	1,085	1,140
Dakota	0	0	0	255	140	120
Stoney	0	0	0	1,950	940	1,010
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	15
Tlingit	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	410	210	190
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	315	155	155
Nisga'a	0	0	0	70	40	30
Tsimshian	0	0	0	25	15	15
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	75	45	35
Haisla	0	0	0	20	10	15
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	5	5	5
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	30	15	15
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	50	25	30	235	110	125
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,455,175	688,520	766,655	3,878,725	1,855,730	2,022,995
Afro-Asiatic languages	74,095	35,480	38,615	307,755	153,275	154,480
Berber languages	65	30	30	8,105	4,215	3,895
Kabyle	35	15	15	5,490	2,855	2,640
Berber languages, n.i.e.	35	15	15	2,620	1,365	1,260
Cushitic languages	8,380	3,530	4,850	27,095	12,455	14,640
Bilen	40	15	20	620	330	285
Oromo	545	250	290	3,410	1,700	1,710
Somali	7,765	3,250	4,520	22,895	10,340	12,555
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	30	15	20	185	85	95
Semitic languages	65,465	31,830	33,635	272,100	136,390	135,720
Amharic	3,815	1,680	2,135	12,780	6,010	6,770
Arabic	45,020	22,145	22,875	223,540	112,690	110,850
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	6,790	3,255	3,535	10,510	5,090	5,425
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	1,095	535	560	3,445	1,695	1,750
Harari	520	235	285	735	335	400
Hebrew	4,395	2,265	2,135	8,560	4,425	4,135
Maltese	875	395	475	1,130	525	605
Tigrigna	2,480	1,085	1,395	10,205	5,040	5,170
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	480	225	250	1,200	585	620
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	185	90	95	440	215	230
Austro-Asiatic languages	33,450	15,260	18,190	115,210	53,500	61,710
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,655	725	935	10,880	4,940	5,945
Vietnamese	31,760	14,525	17,235	104,245	48,525	55,725
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	30	15	20	85	40	45
Austronesian languages	72,495	30,930	41,570	239,785	108,110	131,680
Bikol	85	35	45	290	140	155
Cebuano	1,875	810	1,065	7,210	3,325	3,880
Fijian	10	10	5	195	105	90
Hiligaynon	780	335	445	2,205	970	1,240
Ilocano	3,455	1,480	1,970	9,125	4,045	5,080
Malagasy	10	5	5	435	220	210
Malay	1,455	705	750	3,620	1,710	1,910
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	405	180	225	1,200	565	630
Pangasinan	80	35	40	240	110	135
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	63,985	27,170	36,815	213,790	96,235	117,555
Waray-Waray	75	30	45	310	135	170
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	285	135	150	1,160	545	620
Creole languages	2,845	1,315	1,535	27,860	12,005	15,850
Haitian Creole	120	55	60	1,280	575	705
Creole, n.o.s.	1,950	900	1,050	24,575	10,510	14,060
Creole languages, n.i.e.	780	355	425	2,005	920	1,085
Dravidian languages	88,295	42,605	45,695	122,490	59,780	62,710
Kannada	830	415	410	1,630	825	800
Malayalam	6,400	3,260	3,140	15,440	7,865	7,575
Tamil	76,095	36,265	39,830	96,955	46,570	50,385
Telugu	4,870	2,615	2,255	8,280	4,430	3,850
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	95	40	50	190	85	105
Hmong-Mien languages	5	0	5	340	160	180
Indo-European languages	723,495	347,435	376,055	1,911,215	927,225	983,985
Albanian	6,385	3,195	3,190	13,135	6,575	6,560
Armenian	7,475	3,530	3,940	21,505	10,165	11,345
Balto-Slavic languages	135,230	63,280	71,950	314,965	149,315	165,650
Baltic languages	1,640	680	960	3,275	1,400	1,870
Latvian	600	245	355	1,255	530	725
Lithuanian	1,045	440	605	2,020	870	1,150
Slavic languages	133,590	62,600	70,995	311,690	147,910	163,780
Belarusan	125	60	65	230	105	120
Bosnian	1,330	645	690	6,045	3,010	3,040
Bulgarian	3,860	1,875	1,980	11,985	5,835	6,150
Croatian	5,940	2,845	3,095	16,775	7,980	8,795
Czech	1,415	685	730	6,235	3,060	3,180
Macedonian	4,970	2,355	2,615	6,830	3,250	3,580
Polish	33,325	15,550	17,775	74,780	34,910	39,870
Russian	53,675	24,950	28,720	116,595	55,175	61,425
Serbian	12,200	5,910	6,290	31,750	15,665	16,085
Serbo-Croatian	935	435	500	3,885	1,865	2,020
Slovak	2,290	1,115	1,175	5,615	2,685	2,920
Slovene (Slovenian)	890	385	500	2,050	905	1,145
Ukrainian	12,515	5,720	6,790	28,250	13,150	15,100
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	135	55	80	670	310	360
Celtic languages	65	35	30	360	205	155
Scottish Gaelic	25	15	10	185	105	80
Welsh	20	5	10	95	50	45
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	80	50	30
Germanic languages	5,315	2,430	2,885	146,455	71,835	74,615
Afrikaans	265	125	145	4,790	2,355	2,435
Danish	135	65	75	855	410	445
Dutch	655	300	350	9,565	4,630	4,935
Frisian	5	0	0	185	95	90
German	3,590	1,625	1,965	120,335	58,905	61,435
Icelandic	20	5	15	270	120	150
Norwegian	45	15	20	345	145	200
Swedish	220	100	120	1,045	500	545
Vlaams (Flemish)	25	15	10	355	170	185
Yiddish	350	175	175	7,080	3,695	3,385
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	1,625	820	810
Greek	16,940	7,905	9,035	44,545	21,110	23,440
Indo-Iranian languages	367,340	181,800	185,540	838,755	416,960	421,795
Indo-Aryan languages	292,940	145,580	147,360	676,185	337,440	338,745
Bengali	24,615	12,140	12,470	47,350	23,585	23,765
Gujarati	38,265	18,750	19,515	64,150	31,740	32,405
Hindi	23,995	11,925	12,065	55,510	27,805	27,710
Kashmiri	50	25	25	135	70	70
Konkani	440	215	230	720	355	370
Marathi	2,000	1,030	970	3,780	1,940	1,840
Nepali	3,085	1,560	1,525	13,375	6,710	6,670
Oriya (Odia)	270	135	140	470	235	240
Punjabi (Panjabi)	116,045	58,355	57,690	349,145	174,905	174,240
Sindhi	2,485	1,140	1,350	4,975	2,280	2,695
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	3,580	1,750	1,825	7,790	3,860	3,925
Urdu	78,105	38,560	39,550	128,785	63,965	64,820
Iranian languages	73,635	35,825	37,805	160,195	78,310	81,880
Kurdish	1,470	795	675	6,580	3,400	3,175
Pashto	4,850	2,430	2,415	10,590	5,305	5,290
Persian (Farsi)	67,315	32,600	34,715	143,020	69,600	73,425
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	770	395	375	2,375	1,215	1,160
Italic (Romance) languages	184,745	85,260	99,480	531,485	251,050	280,440
Catalan	80	40	45	355	165	190
Italian	51,815	22,250	29,560	115,415	49,975	65,440
Portuguese	50,210	24,070	26,135	98,710	46,915	51,795
Romanian	12,200	5,660	6,540	53,320	25,795	27,525
Spanish	70,370	33,205	37,165	263,510	128,110	135,400
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	65	30	35	180	85	95
Japanese	4,550	1,950	2,600	19,785	8,265	11,515
Kartvelian languages	745	405	335	1,040	565	475
Georgian	745	405	335	1,035	565	475
Korean	38,435	17,960	20,475	109,705	51,385	58,320
Mongolic languages	200	100	95	910	440	470
Mongolian	200	100	95	910	435	470
Niger-Congo languages	8,925	3,985	4,945	28,665	13,340	15,320
Akan (Twi)	4,040	1,745	2,300	5,990	2,695	3,295
Bamanankan	15	10	10	340	180	160
Edo	295	115	175	415	175	240
Ewe	95	40	55	410	185	225
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	75	35	40	825	400	425
Ga	150	65	85	250	105	140
Ganda	155	70	85	345	160	185
Igbo	410	205	205	1,000	485	510
Lingala	95	40	55	1,045	455	590
Rundi (Kirundi)	125	60	65	2,110	990	1,115
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	115	50	65	1,530	670	865
Shona	235	115	125	1,035	475	560
Swahili	1,225	540	690	5,370	2,500	2,870
Wolof	80	45	35	1,380	745	635
Yoruba	1,080	520	560	2,615	1,275	1,340
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	735	330	405	4,010	1,850	2,160
Nilo-Saharan languages	90	45	45	2,650	1,305	1,350
Dinka	15	5	5	1,130	580	550
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	75	40	40	1,525	730	800
Sign languages	1,910	1,085	825	10,445	5,870	4,570
American Sign Language	720	375	345	3,015	1,560	1,460
Quebec Sign Language	0	5	0	730	375	355
Sign languages, n.i.e	1,190	710	480	6,690	3,935	2,755
Sino-Tibetan languages	385,150	180,140	205,005	924,720	433,530	491,190
Chinese languages	380,550	177,880	202,675	913,365	427,860	485,505
Cantonese	182,755	84,030	98,725	400,215	184,340	215,885
Hakka	2,725	1,240	1,490	4,080	1,820	2,265
Mandarin	179,665	85,535	94,135	462,890	220,075	242,815
Min Dong	240	105	135	345	150	195
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5,065	2,315	2,745	13,965	6,345	7,625
Wu (Shanghainese)	3,130	1,465	1,665	7,650	3,580	4,075
Chinese, n.o.s.	6,890	3,155	3,735	23,935	11,440	12,500
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	85	35	50	280	130	150
Tibeto-Burman languages	4,595	2,265	2,330	11,350	5,670	5,680
Burmese	575	260	310	2,245	1,115	1,125
Karenic languages	215	105	110	3,865	1,935	1,930
Tibetan	3,705	1,845	1,860	4,590	2,305	2,280
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	100	55	50	655	305	345
Tai-Kadai languages	1,635	765	865	9,565	4,455	5,110
Lao	1,050	505	540	6,175	2,995	3,180
Thai	575	255	320	3,360	1,450	1,915
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	30	15	15
Turkic languages	9,495	4,755	4,740	22,250	11,205	11,045
Azerbaijani	645	325	320	1,245	640	610
Turkish	8,155	4,070	4,090	18,955	9,525	9,430
Uyghur	225	120	105	610	315	290
Uzbek	315	165	145	990	505	490
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	150	70	80	455	230	225
Uralic languages	9,040	4,135	4,900	23,245	10,715	12,535
Estonian	650	240	410	975	365	610
Finnish	510	220	290	2,790	1,220	1,565
Hungarian	7,875	3,680	4,200	19,485	9,125	10,355
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	320	165	155	1,110	605	500
Multiple responses	561,765	270,615	291,155	1,663,390	802,695	860,690
English and French	13,015	5,965	7,055	160,185	77,940	82,235
English and non-official language	535,630	258,900	276,730	1,284,975	620,375	664,600
French and non-official language	2,390	1,055	1,340	148,915	70,915	78,000
English, French and non-official language	10,730	4,700	6,035	69,315	33,465	35,850
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,885	34,767,255	17,101,165	17,666,080
None	4,489,770	2,189,920	2,299,850	29,615,245	14,612,175	15,003,065
English	594,565	291,580	302,985	2,109,340	1,045,215	1,064,120
French	52,850	22,910	29,940	731,095	342,245	388,855
Non-official language	720,320	342,165	378,160	2,151,690	1,023,940	1,127,750
Aboriginal	480	205	275	90,740	42,890	47,850
Non-Aboriginal	719,840	341,955	377,885	2,060,945	981,055	1,079,895
English and French	4,015	1,855	2,165	47,970	23,785	24,190
English and non-official language	13,540	6,615	6,925	61,075	30,045	31,030
French and non-official language	8,355	3,630	4,730	48,755	22,690	26,065
English, French and non-official language	255	120	135	2,080	1,075	1,010
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,355
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,631,950	2,227,300	2,404,650	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,190
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,705	36,559	28,070	34,204	40,782	28,860
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,632,745	2,227,500	2,405,245	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,242	33,167	26,233	30,866	35,933	26,621
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,084,930	2,011,885	2,073,045	24,583,315	12,296,595	12,286,725
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,705	38,299	28,006	32,762	39,925	26,613
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,323,485	1,463,175	1,860,305	19,743,240	8,755,815	10,987,430
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	2,205	1,016	3,814	5,453	4,199	6,136
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,454,585	1,751,255	1,703,330	20,428,685	10,547,760	9,880,925
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,838	39,549	30,701	33,684	39,836	28,474
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,905	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,632,420	2,227,415	2,405,000	27,489,395	13,441,555	14,047,845
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	50,479	60,343	41,343	47,487	56,740	38,632
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,633,195	2,227,640	2,405,550	27,500,230	13,446,230	14,053,995
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,565	47,026	34,582	38,977	45,404	32,828
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,085,085	2,011,905	2,073,175	24,584,065	12,295,015	12,289,055
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	52,042	62,785	41,617	46,885	56,803	36,962
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,323,000	1,463,150	1,859,850	19,742,130	8,752,070	10,990,060
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,392	5,530	7,071	7,738	7,345	8,050
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,454,590	1,751,680	1,702,905	20,428,670	10,542,540	9,886,130
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	51,801	61,164	42,171	46,057	54,369	37,193
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,900	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	1,645,880	909,065	736,815	9,367,045	5,231,015	4,136,035
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	56,454	60,974	51,880	53,431	59,326	47,420
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	74,722	84,091	63,161	65,997	74,289	55,510
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	90.9	93.9	86.8	88.3	91.6	83.7
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	76.5	79.7	72.1	72.0	75.2	67.7
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	9.1	6.1	13.2	11.7	8.4	16.3
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,895	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360
Without total income	247,145	117,900	129,245	1,154,450	546,285	608,165
With total income	4,631,950	2,227,295	2,404,655	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,195
Percentage with total income	94.9	95.0	94.9	96.0	96.1	95.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	816,625	368,835	447,795	3,877,620	1,668,960	2,208,655
$10,000 to $19,999	824,160	348,745	475,420	4,680,380	1,867,600	2,812,785
$20,000 to $29,999	589,070	254,985	334,085	3,807,840	1,593,335	2,214,505
$30,000 to $39,999	463,975	209,685	254,290	3,206,175	1,472,670	1,733,510
$40,000 to $49,999	407,495	189,100	218,390	2,827,045	1,376,565	1,450,480
$50,000 to $59,999	325,105	158,480	166,620	2,179,775	1,145,685	1,034,090
$60,000 to $69,999	258,085	134,225	123,855	1,655,070	938,755	716,310
$70,000 to $79,999	203,100	111,065	92,035	1,271,850	745,830	526,015
$80,000 to $89,999	161,920	90,560	71,355	966,885	579,290	387,590
$90,000 to $99,999	137,570	73,985	63,585	749,290	452,240	297,050
$100,000 and over	444,845	287,620	157,225	2,266,600	1,603,400	663,195
$100,000 to $149,999	272,905	168,210	104,700	1,493,570	1,024,210	469,365
$150,000 and over	171,935	119,415	52,525	773,025	579,190	193,830
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360
Without after-tax income	246,350	117,700	128,650	1,143,795	541,620	602,175
With after-tax income	4,632,740	2,227,495	2,405,245	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175
Percentage with after-tax income	95.0	95.0	94.9	96.0	96.1	95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	830,700	373,605	457,095	4,004,475	1,706,825	2,297,645
$10,000 to $19,999	856,665	364,095	492,575	4,905,055	1,972,920	2,932,130
$20,000 to $29,999	673,015	294,190	378,830	4,489,925	1,926,175	2,563,755
$30,000 to $39,999	552,905	254,030	298,870	3,924,960	1,870,705	2,054,250
$40,000 to $49,999	472,370	226,445	245,925	3,144,200	1,619,670	1,524,525
$50,000 to $59,999	348,665	180,280	168,385	2,209,280	1,245,570	963,705
$60,000 to $69,999	256,270	141,835	114,435	1,540,300	912,230	628,065
$70,000 to $79,999	198,170	109,175	88,995	1,076,180	654,570	421,610
$80,000 and over	443,970	283,840	160,130	2,204,820	1,540,335	664,485
$80,000 to $89,999	132,515	76,100	56,410	688,705	444,550	244,145
$90,000 to $99,999	79,285	49,680	29,605	420,975	291,090	129,885
$100,000 and over	232,170	158,060	74,115	1,095,140	804,690	290,445
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	28,642,980	13,990,625	14,652,360
Without employment income	1,424,510	593,940	830,565	8,214,295	3,442,860	4,771,430
With employment income	3,454,590	1,751,260	1,703,330	20,428,690	10,547,760	9,880,925
Percentage with employment income	70.8	74.7	67.2	71.3	75.4	67.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	432,990	203,395	229,595	2,778,990	1,357,430	1,421,560
$5,000 to $9,999	286,225	129,320	156,910	1,602,140	697,025	905,120
$10,000 to $19,999	470,970	221,325	249,645	2,736,010	1,212,855	1,523,155
$20,000 to $29,999	371,235	170,795	200,440	2,293,785	1,022,090	1,271,695
$30,000 to $39,999	336,685	157,540	179,150	2,149,860	1,001,065	1,148,795
$40,000 to $49,999	310,550	147,370	163,180	1,928,565	946,625	981,940
$50,000 to $59,999	255,620	129,510	126,105	1,554,100	839,045	715,055
$60,000 to $69,999	206,215	110,510	95,705	1,220,310	708,270	512,040
$70,000 to $79,999	166,035	93,745	72,290	992,170	591,945	400,225
$80,000 and over	618,065	387,750	230,315	3,172,770	2,171,415	1,001,355
$80,000 to $89,999	136,480	78,255	58,230	773,755	475,700	298,055
$90,000 to $99,999	121,935	65,620	56,320	623,980	382,330	241,650
$100,000 and over	359,645	243,875	115,775	1,775,030	1,313,385	461,645
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	2,135,910	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	78,373	...	...	70,336	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	68,632	...	...	61,348	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	519,790	...	...	3,969,790	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,560	...	...	35,174	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,294	...	...	31,446	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	1,616,120	...	...	10,102,290	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	94,463	...	...	88,249	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	82,594	...	...	76,419	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	2,135,910	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	109,480	...	...	92,764	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	87,993	...	...	76,171	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	519,930	...	...	3,967,765	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	55,833	...	...	46,799	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	44,755	...	...	38,685	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	1,615,980	...	...	10,104,315	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	126,740	...	...	110,813	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	101,904	...	...	90,890	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	2,135,910	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Under $5,000	47,170	...	...	228,790	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	32,275	...	...	200,315	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	50,900	...	...	374,575	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	75,725	...	...	565,940	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	73,110	...	...	602,800	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	74,910	...	...	538,710	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	76,830	...	...	603,480	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	78,800	...	...	606,600	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	78,620	...	...	596,110	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	77,375	...	...	578,325	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	150,140	...	...	1,097,345	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	141,320	...	...	1,010,415	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	131,390	...	...	924,320	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	122,205	...	...	836,765	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	113,055	...	...	745,655	...	...
$100,000 and over	812,085	...	...	4,561,920	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	229,055	...	...	1,470,255	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	167,755	...	...	1,016,245	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	200,605	...	...	1,116,140	...	...
$200,000 and over	214,660	...	...	959,285	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	2,135,905	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Under $5,000	49,905	...	...	243,780	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	32,655	...	...	203,865	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	51,760	...	...	380,680	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	78,605	...	...	591,660	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	80,190	...	...	673,740	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	82,520	...	...	628,225	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	87,360	...	...	719,825	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	92,550	...	...	725,675	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	95,185	...	...	711,180	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	93,510	...	...	691,695	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	179,885	...	...	1,299,680	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	165,340	...	...	1,169,515	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	153,020	...	...	1,041,635	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	136,810	...	...	900,055	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	118,465	...	...	757,295	...	...
$100,000 and over	638,165	...	...	3,333,575	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	229,315	...	...	1,371,945	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	149,930	...	...	809,540	...	...
$150,000 and over	258,915	...	...	1,152,090	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	1,557,640	...	...	9,688,845	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	94,132	...	...	88,306	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	82,232	...	...	76,372	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.3	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	423,565	...	...	3,706,220	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	85,201	...	...	78,976	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,904	...	...	68,309	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	822,810	...	...	4,222,140	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	114,050	...	...	113,465	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,699	...	...	96,608	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	257,415	...	...	1,481,410	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	57,120	...	...	53,193	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,715	...	...	48,856	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	1,556,795	...	...	9,689,855	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	127,226	...	...	111,235	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	102,021	...	...	91,040	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	423,700	...	...	3,706,400	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	120,527	...	...	101,086	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	94,618	...	...	82,296	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	823,190	...	...	4,225,855	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	148,914	...	...	137,094	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	118,944	...	...	111,307	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	255,745	...	...	1,477,190	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	73,609	...	...	65,549	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	62,869	...	...	56,687	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	747,115	353,075	394,040	5,313,545	2,608,845	2,704,705
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	32,613	33,636	31,818	31,890	34,483	29,801
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	29,868	30,519	29,362	28,959	30,746	27,495
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	745,705	351,920	393,790	5,299,050	2,596,985	2,702,070
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	47,973	50,595	45,630	42,939	46,085	39,915
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	39,048	40,380	37,857	35,801	37,724	33,952
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	5,862,855	2,849,955	3,012,895	34,460,065	16,971,550	17,488,515
In the bottom half of the distribution	2,813,285	1,338,400	1,474,885	17,229,835	8,256,970	8,972,865
In the bottom decile	652,620	315,260	337,360	3,445,950	1,672,900	1,773,050
In the second decile	583,750	269,305	314,445	3,445,660	1,564,965	1,880,700
In the third decile	539,335	254,260	285,075	3,446,165	1,641,930	1,804,235
In the fourth decile	518,440	248,375	270,065	3,445,850	1,677,120	1,768,730
In the fifth decile	519,140	251,205	267,935	3,446,210	1,700,060	1,746,150
In the top half of the distribution	3,049,570	1,511,555	1,538,015	17,230,230	8,714,580	8,515,650
In the sixth decile	528,520	256,980	271,540	3,445,695	1,716,510	1,729,185
In the seventh decile	546,775	267,890	278,885	3,446,470	1,730,975	1,715,500
In the eighth decile	580,185	286,725	293,460	3,445,940	1,741,640	1,704,300
In the ninth decile	639,880	318,340	321,540	3,446,045	1,751,850	1,694,195
In the top decile	754,210	381,625	372,590	3,446,080	1,773,600	1,672,475
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	5,862,595	2,849,835	3,012,760	33,968,295	16,724,265	17,244,035
0 to 17 years	1,195,910	614,060	581,850	6,836,380	3,504,250	3,332,125
0 to 5 years	374,440	191,880	182,555	2,228,770	1,142,505	1,086,270
18 to 64 years	3,851,275	1,866,775	1,984,495	21,695,090	10,690,090	11,005,005
65 years and over	815,415	369,005	446,405	5,436,830	2,529,930	2,906,905
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	912,405	430,210	482,200	4,809,940	2,243,200	2,566,740
0 to 17 years	235,120	121,220	113,905	1,163,830	597,570	566,255
0 to 5 years	75,855	39,055	36,795	396,095	203,055	193,030
18 to 64 years	565,145	264,585	300,560	2,855,290	1,341,590	1,513,700
65 years and over	112,140	44,405	67,735	790,825	304,040	486,780
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.6	15.1	16.0	14.2	13.4	14.9
0 to 17 years (%)	19.7	19.7	19.6	17.0	17.1	17.0
0 to 5 years (%)	20.3	20.4	20.2	17.8	17.8	17.8
18 to 64 years (%)	14.7	14.2	15.1	13.2	12.5	13.8
65 years and over (%)	13.8	12.0	15.2	14.5	12.0	16.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	749,935	359,355	390,585	3,128,995	1,519,370	1,609,630
0 to 17 years	178,525	91,985	86,540	696,025	357,255	338,770
0 to 5 years	58,105	29,855	28,245	236,435	121,170	115,260
18 to 64 years	499,350	239,960	259,390	2,157,745	1,057,585	1,100,160
65 years and over	72,065	27,410	44,660	275,225	104,525	170,695
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	12.8	12.6	13.0	9.2	9.1	9.3
0 to 17 years (%)	14.9	15.0	14.9	10.2	10.2	10.2
0 to 5 years (%)	15.5	15.6	15.5	10.6	10.6	10.6
18 to 64 years (%)	13.0	12.9	13.1	9.9	9.9	10.0
65 years and over (%)	8.8	7.4	10.0	5.1	4.1	5.9
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,865	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
Official languages	5,605,085	2,747,700	2,857,380	33,818,210	16,709,290	17,108,920
English	5,600,485	2,745,820	2,854,665	29,748,265	14,806,270	14,941,995
French	466,820	200,835	265,990	10,242,945	4,952,455	5,290,495
Non-official languages	3,115,825	1,485,485	1,630,340	9,369,280	4,488,185	4,881,090
Aboriginal languages	1,105	450	655	263,845	127,550	136,295
Algonquian languages	940	395	545	177,570	85,505	92,065
Blackfoot	10	0	0	5,645	2,695	2,950
Cree-Montagnais languages	190	90	95	116,585	56,515	60,070
Atikamekw	0	0	0	6,640	3,335	3,305
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	11,440	5,500	5,945
Moose Cree	0	0	0	195	80	115
Naskapi	0	0	0	1,465	710	755
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	545	225	320
Plains Cree	50	30	20	5,905	2,705	3,200
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	40	30	10
Swampy Cree	30	10	15	2,345	995	1,350
Woods Cree	15	10	0	2,665	1,230	1,435
Cree, n.o.s.	100	45	55	86,115	42,080	44,035
Eastern Algonquian languages	45	20	25	9,765	4,710	5,050
Malecite	0	0	0	755	370	390
Mi'kmaq	45	25	25	9,025	4,350	4,670
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	705	280	425	46,685	22,100	24,585
Algonquin	15	10	10	2,480	1,165	1,315
Ojibway	675	270	405	28,585	13,365	15,220
Oji-Cree	10	0	10	15,610	7,575	8,030
Ottawa (Odawa)	20	10	0	205	105	105
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	120	60	60
Athabaskan languages	15	0	10	23,655	11,340	12,320
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	10	10	23,570	11,300	12,265
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	210	105	100
Beaver	0	0	0	340	180	165
Carrier	0	0	0	2,105	955	1,145
Chilcotin	0	0	0	1,150	535	610
Dene	10	0	10	13,060	6,270	6,790
Dogrib (Tlicho)	10	0	0	2,375	1,210	1,165
Gwich'in	0	0	0	360	165	200
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	150	60	90
Sekani	0	0	0	185	85	100
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	2,815	1,340	1,475
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	1,010	475	530
South Slavey	0	0	0	1,365	660	710
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	680	320	360
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	630	340	285
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	365	205	170
Tahltan	0	0	0	270	140	130
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	420	160	260
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	285	115	170
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	145	50	95
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	85	35	50
Haida	0	0	0	465	205	260
Inuit languages	20	10	10	42,980	21,355	21,630
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	1,975	895	1,080
Inuktitut	15	0	0	40,620	20,280	20,340
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	470	225	240
Iroquoian languages	60	20	40	2,800	1,240	1,555
Cayuga	0	0	0	125	40	85
Mohawk	45	15	35	2,415	1,120	1,295
Oneida	10	10	10	180	60	125
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	115	45	75
Kutenai	0	0	0	175	95	80
Michif	15	10	0	1,210	585	625
Salish languages	10	0	0	5,750	2,730	3,015
Comox	0	0	0	185	75	110
Halkomelem	0	0	0	1,060	475	585
Lillooet	0	0	0	790	405	385
Okanagan	10	0	0	820	370	450
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	1,305	640	665
Squamish	0	0	0	285	125	155
Straits	0	0	0	360	160	200
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	450	220	235
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	565	295	270
Siouan languages	0	0	10	5,430	2,665	2,770
Dakota	10	0	0	1,760	870	890
Stoney	0	0	10	3,675	1,805	1,875
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	140	70	70
Tlingit	0	0	0	260	140	120
Tsimshian languages	10	0	10	2,730	1,350	1,380
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	1,305	645	660
Nisga'a	0	0	0	1,060	545	515
Tsimshian	0	0	0	410	180	235
Wakashan languages	0	0	10	1,490	680	805
Haisla	0	0	0	175	65	110
Heiltsuk	10	0	0	125	50	75
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	605	285	320
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	565	265	300
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	20	10
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	30	20	15	665	310	360
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,114,775	1,485,055	1,629,720	9,107,075	4,361,420	4,745,660
Afro-Asiatic languages	211,335	106,115	105,215	837,355	432,560	404,795
Berber languages	245	135	110	29,460	15,745	13,715
Kabyle	80	40	40	17,120	9,100	8,015
Berber languages, n.i.e.	170	95	75	12,505	6,735	5,775
Cushitic languages	20,445	8,910	11,530	57,125	26,870	30,250
Bilen	85	50	35	1,085	625	470
Oromo	1,390	590	800	6,245	3,070	3,175
Somali	18,965	8,250	10,715	49,665	23,070	26,590
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	85	30	50	480	220	265
Semitic languages	191,925	97,710	94,215	771,130	400,780	370,350
Amharic	11,440	5,325	6,115	33,670	16,675	16,995
Arabic	125,970	65,090	60,880	629,055	329,235	299,820
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	12,500	6,090	6,410	19,745	9,720	10,020
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	2,220	1,110	1,105	7,115	3,505	3,610
Harari	1,250	635	620	1,710	855	860
Hebrew	38,385	19,590	18,795	75,020	38,730	36,290
Maltese	4,675	2,295	2,380	7,625	3,760	3,870
Tigrigna	5,960	2,790	3,180	21,340	10,640	10,705
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	1,135	555	580	3,220	1,655	1,565
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	720	335	390	2,775	1,440	1,335
Austro-Asiatic languages	67,000	30,750	36,245	224,865	105,845	119,020
Khmer (Cambodian)	4,340	1,900	2,445	27,035	12,640	14,400
Vietnamese	62,935	29,000	33,935	198,895	93,735	105,155
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	40	0	35	190	70	120
Austronesian languages	205,810	81,995	123,815	656,200	273,075	383,125
Bikol	580	260	325	2,075	885	1,190
Cebuano	7,350	2,960	4,395	27,045	10,960	16,085
Fijian	50	20	30	1,660	955	705
Hiligaynon	2,545	1,015	1,530	7,925	3,200	4,720
Ilocano	12,740	5,000	7,740	34,530	13,805	20,730
Malagasy	90	45	45	2,335	1,120	1,220
Malay	7,305	3,360	3,945	22,470	10,370	12,100
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,600	735	875	5,425	2,445	2,980
Pangasinan	450	200	255	1,800	790	1,015
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	193,480	76,640	116,840	612,735	253,210	359,530
Waray-Waray	320	100	220	1,395	530	860
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,275	525	750	5,585	2,540	3,040
Creole languages	16,750	7,530	9,220	155,615	70,545	85,070
Haitian Creole	645	290	355	6,850	3,140	3,710
Creole, n.o.s.	9,125	4,110	5,015	133,045	59,890	73,160
Creole languages, n.i.e.	7,130	3,185	3,945	16,635	7,955	8,675
Dravidian languages	176,480	87,740	88,740	250,180	126,220	123,960
Kannada	4,470	2,245	2,215	8,245	4,180	4,065
Malayalam	17,255	8,785	8,475	37,810	19,410	18,400
Tamil	146,145	71,915	74,225	189,860	94,640	95,220
Telugu	13,615	7,460	6,150	23,160	12,770	10,390
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	440	225	210	790	385	405
Hmong-Mien languages	25	10	15	870	435	435
Indo-European languages	1,768,825	861,040	907,780	5,158,010	2,506,455	2,651,555
Albanian	15,375	7,695	7,680	31,930	16,140	15,790
Armenian	15,225	7,275	7,950	41,295	19,980	21,315
Balto-Slavic languages	300,880	140,300	160,580	817,315	384,960	432,350
Baltic languages	6,340	2,595	3,745	14,675	6,470	8,205
Latvian	2,630	1,115	1,520	6,500	2,960	3,540
Lithuanian	3,710	1,480	2,230	8,185	3,510	4,675
Slavic languages	296,240	138,420	157,820	805,915	379,965	425,945
Belarusan	945	495	450	2,265	1,070	1,195
Bosnian	4,355	2,110	2,250	18,265	9,055	9,215
Bulgarian	8,055	3,940	4,120	22,425	10,920	11,505
Croatian	23,785	11,605	12,180	69,840	34,515	35,325
Czech	6,300	2,975	3,325	28,720	13,675	15,050
Macedonian	16,730	8,025	8,700	23,075	11,190	11,880
Polish	83,545	38,245	45,300	214,965	99,365	115,600
Russian	111,165	51,675	59,485	269,645	127,055	142,595
Serbian	27,390	13,560	13,830	73,775	37,040	36,740
Serbo-Croatian	2,865	1,390	1,475	11,275	5,525	5,750
Slovak	6,085	2,790	3,295	21,470	10,215	11,255
Slovene (Slovenian)	4,450	2,010	2,440	11,495	5,205	6,290
Ukrainian	38,030	17,050	20,980	132,115	58,820	73,300
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	630	360	265	3,000	1,590	1,405
Celtic languages	1,910	985	920	9,165	4,705	4,455
Scottish Gaelic	650	325	320	3,980	2,010	1,975
Welsh	235	115	125	1,690	830	860
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	1,025	550	475	3,590	1,915	1,680
Germanic languages	80,940	38,460	42,480	695,535	337,215	358,320
Afrikaans	4,255	2,095	2,160	23,410	11,795	11,610
Danish	2,125	965	1,165	15,745	7,320	8,425
Dutch	11,655	5,440	6,215	120,865	57,885	62,990
Frisian	195	75	115	2,910	1,515	1,395
German	55,040	26,285	28,755	502,730	245,745	256,985
Icelandic	130	55	75	1,780	830	945
Norwegian	960	460	500	8,120	3,860	4,260
Swedish	2,570	1,165	1,410	14,140	6,510	7,635
Vlaams (Flemish)	265	110	150	4,400	1,945	2,455
Yiddish	6,510	3,200	3,305	20,985	10,435	10,550
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	105	50	55	8,710	4,425	4,285
Greek	60,400	29,665	30,735	150,965	75,510	75,455
Indo-Iranian languages	765,115	386,165	378,955	1,658,220	840,850	817,365
Indo-Aryan languages	639,795	323,555	316,245	1,387,805	704,370	683,435
Bengali	48,410	24,580	23,830	91,220	46,935	44,285
Gujarati	87,570	43,795	43,770	149,045	74,765	74,285
Hindi	207,780	105,570	102,210	433,365	221,665	211,700
Kashmiri	475	240	235	905	490	420
Konkani	4,995	2,265	2,730	6,790	3,185	3,605
Marathi	8,630	4,460	4,170	15,570	8,200	7,365
Nepali	6,385	3,155	3,235	21,380	10,915	10,470
Oriya (Odia)	930	445	480	1,535	755	775
Punjabi (Panjabi)	243,875	125,225	118,655	668,240	341,450	326,790
Sindhi	9,685	4,545	5,135	20,260	9,310	10,945
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15,135	7,605	7,525	27,825	13,970	13,855
Urdu	194,390	98,385	96,005	322,220	164,685	157,535
Iranian languages	130,695	65,170	65,520	281,715	142,030	139,680
Kurdish	3,845	2,175	1,670	15,290	8,290	7,000
Pashto	11,400	6,040	5,365	23,180	12,465	10,715
Persian (Farsi)	119,790	59,470	60,320	252,320	126,565	125,755
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	3,515	1,895	1,620	8,875	4,715	4,155
Italic (Romance) languages	567,300	268,895	298,410	1,897,630	898,530	999,100
Catalan	315	165	150	2,035	1,145	890
Italian	220,425	105,435	114,985	574,725	278,500	296,225
Portuguese	134,220	64,585	69,640	295,955	144,465	151,485
Romanian	29,765	13,805	15,965	115,050	55,275	59,770
Spanish	206,090	95,990	110,100	995,255	460,250	535,010
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	655	320	340	2,680	1,610	1,075
Japanese	17,460	7,535	9,920	83,090	36,760	46,335
Kartvelian languages	1,465	740	725	2,150	1,075	1,075
Georgian	1,465	740	725	2,150	1,080	1,070
Korean	62,350	29,150	33,205	172,755	80,170	92,590
Mongolic languages	445	190	255	2,090	960	1,130
Mongolian	445	190	255	2,090	960	1,130
Niger-Congo languages	47,720	22,705	25,015	177,215	88,135	89,080
Akan (Twi)	13,715	6,345	7,365	22,145	10,810	11,340
Bamanankan	200	110	90	3,190	1,660	1,530
Edo	1,890	825	1,070	3,220	1,510	1,705
Ewe	520	270	250	3,000	1,685	1,315
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	485	245	240	4,725	2,460	2,260
Ga	1,005	490	515	2,250	1,140	1,110
Ganda	865	410	455	2,495	1,175	1,320
Igbo	2,925	1,445	1,475	8,850	4,710	4,140
Lingala	2,080	895	1,185	17,010	7,865	9,145
Rundi (Kirundi)	535	255	285	8,590	4,075	4,515
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	695	295	400	7,860	3,600	4,260
Shona	1,175	515	655	5,425	2,530	2,905
Swahili	10,350	5,110	5,240	38,680	19,565	19,115
Wolof	415	185	230	8,240	4,455	3,785
Yoruba	7,935	3,980	3,960	22,420	11,475	10,940
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	6,340	2,935	3,405	40,760	20,375	20,385
Nilo-Saharan languages	500	285	215	7,015	3,520	3,495
Dinka	85	65	25	2,475	1,280	1,190
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	415	220	195	4,555	2,240	2,315
Sign languages	5,980	2,555	3,425	48,115	18,985	29,130
American Sign Language	3,505	1,325	2,175	21,930	7,780	14,155
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	15	4,665	1,665	3,005
Sign languages, n.i.e.	2,575	1,280	1,295	22,275	9,835	12,440
Sino-Tibetan languages	581,165	272,700	308,470	1,430,440	672,100	758,340
Chinese languages	574,095	269,220	304,875	1,413,110	663,465	749,640
Cantonese	306,700	142,590	164,115	699,125	325,840	373,285
Hakka	7,185	3,150	4,035	12,445	5,555	6,890
Mandarin	313,605	145,835	167,765	814,450	377,635	436,815
Min Dong	710	285	425	1,045	440	600
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	13,985	6,265	7,715	42,840	19,005	23,835
Wu (Shanghainese)	6,885	3,200	3,685	16,530	7,490	9,040
Chinese, n.o.s.	11,470	5,200	6,270	41,690	19,995	21,690
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	135	75	60	590	250	340
Tibeto-Burman languages	7,455	3,695	3,770	18,270	9,100	9,175
Burmese	1,325	600	720	4,995	2,490	2,500
Karenic languages	245	115	135	4,895	2,425	2,475
Tibetan	5,465	2,725	2,740	7,050	3,555	3,490
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	500	290	210	2,375	1,160	1,220
Tai-Kadai languages	5,070	2,155	2,915	30,400	13,210	17,195
Lao	2,895	1,370	1,525	17,235	8,240	8,990
Thai	2,450	915	1,535	15,390	5,875	9,520
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	30	10	20	115	50	65
Turkic languages	24,680	12,835	11,845	60,530	31,585	28,945
Azerbaijani	2,645	1,345	1,300	5,450	2,885	2,565
Turkish	20,745	10,830	9,915	50,775	26,605	24,165
Uyghur	490	225	265	1,385	685	700
Uzbek	815	440	375	2,465	1,230	1,235
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	560	270	290	1,870	905	965
Uralic languages	27,660	12,555	15,095	94,810	44,270	50,545
Estonian	2,995	1,295	1,705	6,070	2,750	3,315
Finnish	2,835	1,215	1,615	17,595	7,540	10,050
Hungarian	21,890	10,070	11,830	71,285	34,005	37,280
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	10
Other languages, n.i.e.	2,300	1,195	1,105	9,730	5,375	4,355
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	5,134,440	2,503,870	2,630,575	32,034,590	15,799,495	16,235,090
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,102,940	565,995	536,940	6,652,795	3,412,785	3,240,010
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	4,031,505	1,937,875	2,093,635	25,381,795	12,386,710	12,995,080
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	728,410	346,120	382,285	2,425,480	1,172,085	1,253,400
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	3,020,405	1,511,930	1,508,475	26,412,610	13,124,325	13,288,290
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	2,705,550	1,269,995	1,435,560	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330
Before 1981	611,635	284,800	326,830	1,941,510	927,795	1,013,715
1981 to 1990	370,195	177,010	193,190	915,555	439,245	476,310
1991 to 2000	638,770	298,245	340,520	1,486,655	696,720	789,940
2001 to 2010	728,025	341,100	386,925	1,985,035	940,570	1,044,465
2001 to 2005	379,400	178,780	200,620	928,935	439,890	489,050
2006 to 2010	348,620	162,320	186,305	1,056,095	500,680	555,415
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	356,930	168,835	188,095	1,212,075	582,175	629,895
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	136,895	68,065	68,830	506,625	260,755	245,870
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	2,705,550	1,269,990	1,435,560	7,540,830	3,586,500	3,954,335
Under 5 years	225,470	112,150	113,325	731,340	364,165	367,175
5 to 14 years	449,875	226,440	223,440	1,311,810	665,870	645,945
15 to 24 years	588,860	261,700	327,155	1,604,430	724,430	880,005
25 to 44 years	1,154,390	541,415	612,980	3,198,920	1,513,970	1,684,950
45 years and over	286,960	128,295	158,665	694,320	318,060	376,260
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	2,705,550	1,269,990	1,435,560	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330
Americas	409,865	181,700	228,165	1,128,745	510,650	618,100
Brazil	10,625	4,950	5,675	29,320	13,235	16,080
Colombia	17,150	7,850	9,295	70,035	32,065	37,965
El Salvador	11,110	5,535	5,580	48,080	23,865	24,215
Guyana	69,025	30,505	38,515	87,685	38,940	48,745
Haiti	2,590	1,225	1,370	93,480	40,955	52,525
Jamaica	99,660	41,700	57,960	138,345	59,960	78,390
Mexico	11,395	5,070	6,320	80,585	37,530	43,055
Peru	8,095	3,600	4,500	29,615	12,950	16,665
Trinidad and Tobago	43,135	19,035	24,095	65,040	29,325	35,710
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	46,695	21,755	24,940	253,715	113,505	140,215
Other places of birth in Americas	90,390	40,480	49,915	232,850	108,325	124,530
Europe	617,555	291,735	325,815	2,088,410	1,015,145	1,073,260
Bosnia and Herzegovina	9,630	4,760	4,875	36,135	18,050	18,085
Croatia	12,010	5,760	6,250	40,045	20,005	20,035
France	6,890	3,220	3,670	105,565	55,395	50,170
Germany	22,970	10,725	12,240	145,845	69,525	76,320
Greece	27,885	13,595	14,290	62,715	31,580	31,135
Hungary	11,925	5,380	6,540	36,820	17,945	18,875
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	8,115	3,955	4,160	28,325	14,355	13,970
Italy	103,620	50,525	53,090	236,640	118,595	118,040
Netherlands	7,620	3,700	3,915	88,475	45,185	43,295
Poland	57,450	25,810	31,640	146,465	66,450	80,020
Portugal	71,045	34,235	36,810	139,450	68,150	71,300
Romania	25,515	11,630	13,890	90,305	42,795	47,510
Russian Federation	34,385	14,875	19,510	78,685	34,265	44,420
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	13,080	6,355	6,725	33,320	16,325	17,000
Ukraine	32,110	14,690	17,420	73,030	33,360	39,665
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	99,165	47,375	51,790	499,115	243,225	255,890
Other places of birth in Europe	74,130	35,130	38,995	247,470	119,945	127,530
Africa	152,755	73,585	79,165	637,485	322,510	314,970
Algeria	1,240	650	595	64,620	33,920	30,705
Egypt	24,820	12,865	11,950	64,615	34,125	30,495
Ethiopia	10,865	4,965	5,900	32,790	15,980	16,810
Kenya	11,305	5,165	6,140	27,150	12,810	14,340
Morocco	3,480	1,700	1,780	69,655	36,120	33,535
Nigeria	16,400	8,135	8,260	42,430	21,830	20,600
Somalia	10,850	4,350	6,500	27,230	12,070	15,160
South Africa, Republic of	13,040	6,345	6,690	44,660	22,205	22,460
Other places of birth in Africa	60,760	29,410	31,355	264,320	133,450	130,870
Asia	1,518,125	719,445	798,680	3,629,160	1,709,985	1,919,175
Afghanistan	25,420	12,730	12,690	51,955	26,030	25,930
Bangladesh	32,385	16,330	16,055	58,735	29,875	28,865
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	266,840	121,555	145,290	649,260	290,800	358,460
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	100,060	46,985	53,080	208,940	98,020	110,915
India	307,275	153,190	154,085	668,565	334,030	334,540
IranCensus data footnote 61	74,530	37,130	37,395	154,425	77,970	76,455
Iraq	29,230	14,640	14,595	68,485	34,785	33,705
Japan	5,880	1,905	3,975	27,240	7,955	19,285
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	45,700	21,285	24,420	123,305	57,170	66,140
Lebanon	13,610	7,315	6,295	88,745	47,295	41,450
Pakistan	119,085	60,120	58,960	202,260	103,225	99,035
Philippines	192,265	78,690	113,570	588,305	247,095	341,210
Sri Lanka	101,550	49,580	51,965	131,995	64,825	67,170
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	10,830	5,430	5,400	52,960	26,595	26,365
Taiwan	14,980	6,510	8,465	63,770	28,170	35,605
Viet Nam	59,365	26,830	32,540	169,250	78,000	91,250
Other places of birth in Asia	119,120	59,225	59,900	320,965	158,150	162,815
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	7,260	3,525	3,730	57,030	28,210	28,825
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	356,930	168,835	188,095	1,212,075	582,180	629,895
Americas	40,810	19,490	21,320	152,595	72,870	79,720
Brazil	2,595	1,225	1,370	8,500	4,000	4,490
Colombia	2,610	1,220	1,385	15,300	6,885	8,415
Cuba	1,200	535	660	5,370	2,545	2,820
Haiti	865	415	450	19,985	9,160	10,830
Jamaica	7,300	3,825	3,475	12,495	6,680	5,820
Mexico	3,045	1,450	1,590	18,660	9,090	9,575
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	8,075	4,090	3,990	33,060	16,480	16,580
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	1,880	875	1,005	6,425	2,990	3,435
Other places of birth in Americas	13,250	5,845	7,395	32,790	15,040	17,750
Europe	31,805	15,585	16,225	140,030	70,995	69,035
France	1,400	675	725	24,150	13,000	11,150
Germany	915	490	420	6,300	3,255	3,045
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	1,490	935