Census Profile, 2016 Census
Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario and Ontario [Province]

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Toronto Ontario [Census metropolitan area]			Ontario [Province]
	Data quality , Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario  Map : Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Ontario [Province]  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	5,928,040	...	...	13,448,494	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	5,583,064	...	...	12,851,821	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	6.2	...	...	4.6	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	2,235,145	...	...	5,598,391	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	2,135,909	...	...	5,169,174	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,003.8	...	...	14.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	5,905.84	...	...	908,699.33	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	5,928,040	2,876,755	3,051,290	13,448,495	6,559,390	6,889,105
0 to 14 years	985,615	505,690	479,920	2,207,970	1,131,615	1,076,350
0 to 4 years	310,070	158,835	151,235	697,360	357,300	340,055
5 to 9 years	338,320	173,665	164,660	756,085	387,320	368,765
10 to 14 years	337,220	173,190	164,035	754,530	387,000	367,530
15 to 64 years	4,083,850	1,988,910	2,094,935	8,988,865	4,412,115	4,576,750
15 to 19 years	366,525	188,790	177,735	811,670	416,730	394,945
20 to 24 years	411,945	210,445	201,500	894,390	457,815	436,570
25 to 29 years	424,345	209,785	214,560	874,350	436,345	438,010
30 to 34 years	419,845	201,620	218,220	864,765	420,800	443,965
35 to 39 years	406,175	190,620	215,555	842,485	402,900	439,585
40 to 44 years	414,490	195,580	218,910	871,875	418,465	453,415
45 to 49 years	440,145	210,225	229,920	937,385	453,105	484,275
50 to 54 years	460,465	225,115	235,350	1,056,345	517,170	539,175
55 to 59 years	407,175	198,170	209,005	989,460	482,280	507,180
60 to 64 years	332,740	158,560	174,175	846,145	406,505	439,640
65 years and over	858,580	382,150	476,435	2,251,655	1,015,655	1,236,000
65 to 69 years	280,910	132,275	148,635	737,745	352,475	385,270
70 to 74 years	197,490	91,745	105,745	528,645	250,455	278,185
75 to 79 years	151,925	68,045	83,880	393,010	179,810	213,195
80 to 84 years	113,220	49,005	64,215	291,185	126,825	164,360
85 years and over	115,030	41,080	73,955	301,075	106,090	194,985
85 to 89 years	72,340	28,160	44,175	188,470	73,045	115,425
90 to 94 years	33,400	10,570	22,835	88,390	27,400	60,990
95 to 99 years	8,030	2,115	5,915	21,210	5,150	16,060
100 years and over	1,270	230	1,040	3,005	495	2,520
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	17.6	15.7	16.4	17.3	15.6
15 to 64 years	68.9	69.1	68.7	66.8	67.3	66.4
65 years and over	14.5	13.3	15.6	16.7	15.5	17.9
85 years and over	1.9	1.4	2.4	2.2	1.6	2.8
Average age of the population	39.7	38.7	40.6	41.0	40.0	41.9
Median age of the population	39.4	38.2	40.4	41.3	40.2	42.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	2,135,910	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
Single-detached house	846,405	...	...	2,807,380	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	626,905	...	...	886,705	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	661,955	...	...	1,460,200	...	...
Semi-detached house	158,815	...	...	289,975	...	...
Row house	195,245	...	...	460,425	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	89,975	...	...	176,080	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	214,365	...	...	522,810	...	...
Other single-attached house	3,555	...	...	10,910	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	640	...	...	14,890	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	2,135,910	...	...	5,169,170	...	...
1 person	519,795	...	...	1,341,300	...	...
2 persons	598,700	...	...	1,693,525	...	...
3 persons	373,775	...	...	834,260	...	...
4 persons	377,170	...	...	796,320	...	...
5 or more persons	266,470	...	...	503,775	...	...
Number of persons in private households	5,862,855	...	...	13,242,160	...	...
Average household size	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	4,942,430	2,371,060	2,571,365	11,240,525	5,427,775	5,812,750
Married or living common law	2,758,170	1,378,855	1,379,315	6,438,085	3,219,290	3,218,795
Married	2,466,925	1,230,930	1,235,995	5,531,930	2,764,275	2,767,655
Living common law	291,240	147,925	143,320	906,155	455,015	451,145
Not married and not living common law	2,184,260	992,210	1,192,050	4,802,440	2,208,485	2,593,955
Never married	1,537,495	798,270	739,220	3,182,785	1,689,180	1,493,605
Separated	130,030	51,235	78,795	328,675	138,140	190,535
Divorced	271,530	97,385	174,150	653,835	252,900	400,935
Widowed	245,200	45,310	199,890	637,150	128,265	508,880
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	1,625,790	...	...	3,782,540	...	...
2 persons	682,915	...	...	1,815,000	...	...
3 persons	397,625	...	...	844,545	...	...
4 persons	391,440	...	...	792,435	...	...
5 or more persons	153,805	...	...	330,560	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	1,625,790	...	...	3,782,545	...	...
Total couple families	1,333,645	...	...	3,137,570	...	...
Married couples	1,188,130	...	...	2,684,735	...	...
Common-law couples	145,515	...	...	452,840	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	292,150	...	...	644,975	...	...
Female parent	241,820	...	...	518,480	...	...
Male parent	50,325	...	...	126,495	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	1,333,645	...	...	3,137,565	...	...
Couples without children	509,835	...	...	1,428,575	...	...
Couples with children	823,805	...	...	1,708,995	...	...
1 child	312,605	...	...	658,305	...	...
2 children	366,295	...	...	738,710	...	...
3 or more children	144,910	...	...	311,975	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	292,145	...	...	644,975	...	...
1 child	173,080	...	...	386,425	...	...
2 children	85,025	...	...	186,240	...	...
3 or more children	34,040	...	...	72,310	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	923,210	415,830	507,380	2,139,825	990,525	1,149,300
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	2,135,910	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
One-census-family households	1,430,535	...	...	3,481,885	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	434,860	...	...	1,311,575	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	995,670	...	...	2,170,315	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	93,790	...	...	145,615	...	...
Non-census-family households	611,585	...	...	1,541,665	...	...
One-person households	519,790	...	...	1,341,305	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	91,795	...	...	200,365	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,885	13,312,865	6,503,875	6,808,990
English only	5,154,905	2,553,030	2,601,880	11,455,500	5,689,830	5,765,665
French only	4,855	2,035	2,815	40,040	17,340	22,705
English and French	464,980	201,080	263,900	1,490,390	665,850	824,540
Neither English nor French	258,925	102,635	156,290	326,935	130,850	196,085
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	5,883,665	2,858,785	3,024,885	13,312,865	6,503,880	6,808,995
English	5,503,690	2,700,905	2,802,785	12,394,325	6,095,970	6,298,355
French	72,790	33,545	39,245	504,130	236,875	267,250
English and French	51,895	23,470	28,425	92,940	42,910	50,030
Neither English nor French	255,295	100,870	154,430	321,480	128,125	193,355
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	98,735	45,280	53,455	550,600	258,330	292,270
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	1.7	1.6	1.8	4.1	4.0	4.3
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,880	13,312,870	6,503,875	6,808,990
Single responses	5,645,915	2,743,825	2,902,090	12,946,960	6,327,630	6,619,330
Official languages	3,127,355	1,550,385	1,576,970	9,393,040	4,637,520	4,755,520
English	3,061,820	1,520,045	1,541,775	8,902,320	4,406,210	4,496,110
French	65,535	30,340	35,195	490,715	231,310	259,410
Non-official languages	2,518,555	1,193,440	1,325,120	3,553,920	1,690,110	1,863,810
Aboriginal languages	575	255	325	22,765	10,815	11,950
Algonquian languages	400	175	230	21,235	10,175	11,060
Blackfoot	5	10	0	10	5	5
Cree-Montagnais languages	115	45	70	5,080	2,485	2,595
Atikamekw	5	0	5	5	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	0	5	5	5
Moose Cree	10	0	10	85	40	45
Naskapi	5	5	0	10	5	5
Northern East Cree	5	0	0	55	25	30
Plains Cree	10	0	5	35	5	30
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	5	0	0
Swampy Cree	30	10	20	355	135	225
Woods Cree	5	0	0	15	10	5
Cree, n.o.s.	55	20	35	4,500	2,255	2,245
Eastern Algonquian languages	25	10	15	90	40	50
Malecite	0	0	0	10	5	0
Mi'kmaq	25	10	15	85	35	50
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	250	115	140	16,025	7,620	8,400
Algonquin	5	0	0	65	30	35
Ojibway	230	105	120	9,505	4,515	4,985
Oji-Cree	10	5	5	6,310	3,015	3,300
Ottawa (Odawa)	15	5	10	145	65	80
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	30	20	10
Athabaskan languages	25	10	15	60	20	40
Northern Athabaskan languages	25	10	15	55	20	35
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	5	0	5	0	5
Chilcotin	5	0	5	5	0	5
Dene	5	5	5	20	10	10
Dogrib (Tlicho)	5	0	0	5	5	5
Gwich'in	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	5	5	10	0	5
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	5	0	5
Haida	0	5	0	0	5	0
Inuit languages	35	15	20	475	165	305
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Inuktitut	30	10	20	425	145	280
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	20	25
Iroquoian languages	20	5	10	710	300	410
Cayuga	0	0	0	40	20	20
Mohawk	15	10	5	590	255	335
Oneida	5	0	5	55	15	40
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	5	15
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	5	0	0	25	15	15
Salish languages	5	0	0	5	0	5
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	5	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Dakota	5	0	0	5	5	5
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Nisga'a	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	5	0	0	5
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	80	40	40	235	130	105
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,517,980	1,193,185	1,324,795	3,531,160	1,679,300	1,851,865
Afro-Asiatic languages	140,140	69,950	70,195	253,830	127,720	126,110
Berber languages	220	130	90	725	405	320
Kabyle	105	60	50	425	225	200
Berber languages, n.i.e.	115	70	45	305	180	120
Cushitic languages	14,405	6,195	8,205	24,605	10,730	13,870
Bilen	80	45	35	250	140	110
Oromo	1,005	490	515	1,445	720	730
Somali	13,255	5,625	7,630	22,680	9,755	12,925
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	65	35	30	225	115	110
Semitic languages	125,160	63,435	61,725	227,985	116,320	111,665
Amharic	7,460	3,375	4,085	10,720	4,960	5,760
Arabic	85,175	43,805	41,365	171,370	88,400	82,965
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10,195	4,985	5,215	14,555	7,135	7,420
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	1,845	920	925	4,795	2,365	2,425
Harari	930	435	490	1,030	485	545
Hebrew	10,390	5,560	4,830	11,575	6,220	5,350
Maltese	3,525	1,730	1,795	5,175	2,575	2,600
Tigrigna	4,725	2,160	2,560	7,345	3,470	3,870
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	925	465	460	1,435	705	730
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	355	185	175	520	265	250
Austro-Asiatic languages	51,160	23,360	27,800	78,125	35,880	42,240
Khmer (Cambodian)	3,090	1,400	1,690	7,355	3,330	4,020
Vietnamese	48,005	21,935	26,070	70,690	32,520	38,165
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	65	25	40	85	30	50
Austronesian languages	160,980	63,835	97,150	194,380	76,060	118,315
Bikol	470	210	260	595	260	330
Cebuano	5,080	2,020	3,055	6,545	2,500	4,045
Fijian	55	25	25	80	45	40
Hiligaynon	2,320	890	1,435	2,750	1,030	1,725
Ilocano	9,415	3,685	5,735	11,285	4,430	6,860
Malagasy	25	15	15	100	45	55
Malay	4,420	1,995	2,430	5,760	2,520	3,240
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,305	580	725	1,505	670	840
Pangasinan	450	185	270	535	215	315
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	136,115	53,725	82,385	163,415	63,665	99,755
Waray-Waray	315	105	205	405	140	270
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,015	400	610	1,400	550	850
Creole languages	5,505	2,575	2,930	11,255	5,095	6,165
Haitian Creole	200	95	110	630	290	340
Creole, n.o.s.	3,380	1,600	1,785	8,025	3,580	4,440
Creole languages, n.i.e.	1,920	875	1,040	2,605	1,225	1,380
Dravidian languages	133,415	65,680	67,740	148,605	73,530	75,075
Kannada	2,025	1,015	1,010	2,670	1,365	1,305
Malayalam	12,530	6,430	6,100	17,140	8,795	8,350
Tamil	109,580	53,225	56,355	117,630	57,310	60,320
Telugu	9,015	4,880	4,135	10,820	5,895	4,925
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	275	135	140	340	165	175
Hmong-Mien languages	25	10	15	525	250	270
Indo-European languages	1,372,335	664,655	707,680	2,024,365	980,200	1,044,165
Albanian	13,260	6,615	6,645	19,045	9,535	9,510
Armenian	12,570	6,070	6,505	15,070	7,305	7,765
Balto-Slavic languages	261,650	119,970	141,685	410,725	188,695	222,025
Baltic languages	5,445	2,185	3,260	9,080	3,785	5,295
Latvian	2,255	905	1,350	3,910	1,650	2,260
Lithuanian	3,185	1,280	1,910	5,175	2,135	3,035
Slavic languages	256,205	117,785	138,420	401,645	184,915	216,730
Belarusan	355	170	185	515	230	280
Bosnian	2,750	1,330	1,415	6,370	3,125	3,245
Bulgarian	6,945	3,350	3,590	9,095	4,355	4,740
Croatian	16,525	7,925	8,595	31,875	15,460	16,410
Czech	4,795	2,215	2,580	10,670	4,930	5,740
Macedonian	12,010	5,700	6,315	15,635	7,470	8,165
Polish	69,860	31,625	38,240	121,075	54,675	66,405
Russian	83,105	37,735	45,375	101,100	45,630	55,470
Serbian	21,420	10,425	10,995	41,740	20,585	21,150
Serbo-Croatian	2,420	1,130	1,290	4,875	2,310	2,570
Slovak	5,260	2,455	2,800	10,280	4,710	5,565
Slovene (Slovenian)	3,705	1,630	2,075	6,740	2,995	3,745
Ukrainian	26,550	11,840	14,710	40,375	17,760	22,610
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	510	265	245	1,310	670	635
Celtic languages	460	210	250	1,110	505	605
Scottish Gaelic	165	75	90	450	210	240
Welsh	150	65	85	435	180	260
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	140	75	70	225	120	110
Germanic languages	45,990	20,810	25,180	200,640	94,475	106,165
Afrikaans	985	475	510	2,295	1,125	1,170
Danish	1,570	710	855	4,265	2,010	2,250
Dutch	8,585	4,045	4,540	51,720	24,875	26,840
Frisian	135	60	75	1,240	630	620
German	29,425	13,140	16,285	131,525	61,520	70,005
Icelandic	85	40	45	210	100	110
Norwegian	380	170	210	940	405	540
Swedish	1,140	485	660	2,395	1,040	1,350
Vlaams (Flemish)	280	110	170	2,150	925	1,225
Yiddish	3,355	1,555	1,800	3,735	1,765	1,970
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	50	20	25	170	80	85
Greek	41,225	20,005	21,215	55,415	27,305	28,110
Indo-Iranian languages	589,495	296,750	292,745	707,845	357,350	350,495
Indo-Aryan languages	476,470	239,960	236,510	565,600	285,720	279,875
Bengali	38,325	19,275	19,045	46,810	23,615	23,195
Gujarati	64,115	32,120	31,995	76,675	38,740	37,940
Hindi	48,140	24,165	23,975	58,735	29,805	28,930
Kashmiri	275	140	140	345	170	175
Konkani	2,155	1,020	1,135	2,510	1,195	1,315
Marathi	4,465	2,270	2,200	5,490	2,805	2,685
Nepali	4,685	2,350	2,330	7,870	3,915	3,960
Oriya (Odia)	585	315	270	715	380	335
Punjabi (Panjabi)	171,230	86,995	84,230	197,060	100,160	96,895
Sindhi	5,800	2,720	3,085	6,840	3,225	3,615
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	7,860	3,805	4,055	10,165	4,925	5,235
Urdu	128,845	64,790	64,060	152,385	76,795	75,595
Iranian languages	111,100	55,775	55,330	139,675	70,270	69,405
Kurdish	2,775	1,555	1,220	6,665	3,615	3,050
Pashto	7,685	3,960	3,730	10,950	5,630	5,315
Persian (Farsi)	100,640	50,255	50,380	122,070	61,025	61,040
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	1,920	1,020	910	2,565	1,350	1,215
Italic (Romance) languages	407,685	194,225	213,460	614,525	295,030	319,490
Catalan	165	90	75	285	150	135
Italian	151,415	72,645	78,770	231,040	112,440	118,600
Portuguese	104,305	50,075	54,235	150,000	72,280	77,715
Romanian	25,075	11,670	13,400	41,755	19,565	22,190
Spanish	126,500	59,645	66,860	191,025	90,390	100,630
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	225	105	125	420	200	215
Japanese	9,650	3,370	6,280	13,260	4,590	8,670
Kartvelian languages	1,110	595	515	1,200	635	565
Georgian	1,110	595	515	1,200	635	565
Korean	55,005	25,250	29,750	69,775	32,035	37,740
Mongolic languages	345	155	190	405	180	220
Mongolian	345	155	190	405	180	225
Niger-Congo languages	24,130	11,310	12,820	35,760	16,705	19,050
Akan (Twi)	8,490	3,905	4,580	9,695	4,510	5,190
Bamanankan	60	30	30	140	60	80
Edo	1,020	410	610	1,140	475	670
Ewe	370	185	190	560	270	295
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	220	115	105	365	180	185
Ga	440	200	245	600	275	325
Ganda	515	245	270	760	360	400
Igbo	1,520	775	750	2,090	1,080	1,010
Lingala	375	175	200	850	365	485
Rundi (Kirundi)	355	165	185	1,430	640	785
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	380	175	210	1,330	545	785
Shona	680	325	355	1,455	660	790
Swahili	3,215	1,495	1,715	5,525	2,540	2,985
Wolof	160	90	80	290	145	150
Yoruba	3,380	1,720	1,655	4,365	2,260	2,105
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	2,945	1,310	1,635	5,155	2,345	2,810
Nilo-Saharan languages	360	200	160	1,610	810	800
Dinka	45	25	15	345	170	175
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	315	170	145	1,260	635	625
Sign languages	1,220	665	555	3,030	1,570	1,455
American Sign Language	470	250	220	1,305	640	670
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	20	10	15
Sign languages, n.i.e	750	420	330	1,700	925	780
Sino-Tibetan languages	516,670	239,930	276,740	611,795	284,865	326,935
Chinese languages	510,185	236,775	273,415	602,610	280,340	322,270
Cantonese	247,710	115,020	132,680	275,315	128,090	147,220
Hakka	6,495	2,915	3,580	6,985	3,140	3,840
Mandarin	227,085	105,655	121,435	283,735	132,275	151,460
Min Dong	765	370	395	855	405	450
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	11,580	5,345	6,235	13,545	6,240	7,300
Wu (Shanghainese)	5,290	2,380	2,910	6,300	2,825	3,470
Chinese, n.o.s.	11,075	4,995	6,080	15,645	7,235	8,410
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	190	95	95	240	120	120
Tibeto-Burman languages	6,485	3,160	3,325	9,185	4,520	4,660
Burmese	1,005	450	555	1,640	775	865
Karenic languages	265	125	140	1,730	865	860
Tibetan	4,875	2,410	2,470	5,115	2,530	2,585
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	335	175	160	700	345	350
Tai-Kadai languages	3,935	1,600	2,340	8,485	3,535	4,945
Lao	2,275	1,095	1,180	5,190	2,480	2,710
Thai	1,640	495	1,145	3,270	1,045	2,220
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	25	10	15	25	10	15
Turkic languages	16,700	8,685	8,015	22,615	11,745	10,870
Azerbaijani	1,615	865	745	1,990	1,070	920
Turkish	13,700	7,145	6,550	18,415	9,610	8,810
Uyghur	385	195	195	515	255	260
Uzbek	595	300	295	1,055	515	545
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	405	180	225	640	295	345
Uralic languages	24,330	10,880	13,455	50,670	23,095	27,570
Estonian	2,685	1,100	1,585	4,205	1,810	2,400
Finnish	2,515	1,010	1,505	9,720	4,140	5,580
Hungarian	19,130	8,765	10,360	36,740	17,150	19,590
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	960	495	465	1,475	780	690
Multiple responses	237,755	114,960	122,795	365,910	176,250	189,660
English and French	14,945	6,895	8,050	54,045	25,165	28,880
English and non-official language	210,320	102,445	107,880	288,285	140,345	147,940
French and non-official language	6,050	2,715	3,330	12,565	5,735	6,830
English, French and non-official language	6,440	2,910	3,535	11,010	5,000	6,005
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,880	13,312,865	6,503,875	6,808,990
Single responses	5,321,900	2,588,170	2,733,730	12,522,045	6,123,955	6,398,085
Official languages	3,866,565	1,899,565	1,966,995	10,605,725	5,214,425	5,391,300
English	3,836,765	1,885,800	1,950,970	10,328,680	5,084,885	5,243,800
French	29,795	13,770	16,030	277,045	129,540	147,500
Non-official languages	1,455,335	688,605	766,730	1,916,315	909,530	1,006,780
Aboriginal languages	160	85	80	9,210	4,600	4,610
Algonquian languages	80	40	35	8,685	4,370	4,320
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	20	10	10	2,370	1,205	1,165
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	0	5	5	5
Moose Cree	0	5	0	10	10	5
Naskapi	5	5	5	10	5	5
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	20	10	15
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	5	0	105	50	55
Woods Cree	0	0	0	5	5	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	5	10	2,220	1,135	1,085
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	5	0	5	5	5
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	5	0	5	5	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	45	20	20	6,305	3,155	3,145
Algonquin	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ojibway	35	20	15	3,315	1,695	1,620
Oji-Cree	5	0	5	2,905	1,420	1,490
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	75	40	35
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Athabaskan languages	15	5	5	20	10	10
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	5	5	15	10	10
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	5	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	5	0	0	5	0	5
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	5	0	0	5
Gwich'in	5	5	5	5	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	5	0	5	5	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	5	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	5	0	160	60	90
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Inuktitut	15	5	0	140	60	80
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	10
Iroquoian languages	5	5	0	210	90	120
Cayuga	0	0	0	5	5	5
Mohawk	5	0	5	185	80	100
Oneida	0	0	0	20	5	10
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	5	0	5	5	0
Salish languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	5	0	5	0	5
Dakota	0	0	0	5	5	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	50	25	30	120	55	65
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,455,175	688,520	766,655	1,907,105	904,930	1,002,170
Afro-Asiatic languages	74,095	35,480	38,615	138,460	66,865	71,590
Berber languages	65	30	30	345	175	170
Kabyle	35	15	15	255	125	130
Berber languages, n.i.e.	35	15	15	90	50	45
Cushitic languages	8,380	3,530	4,850	14,460	6,100	8,360
Bilen	40	15	20	170	80	85
Oromo	545	250	290	805	380	425
Somali	7,765	3,250	4,520	13,370	5,590	7,780
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	30	15	20	110	50	65
Semitic languages	65,465	31,830	33,635	123,410	60,475	62,940
Amharic	3,815	1,680	2,135	5,625	2,540	3,085
Arabic	45,020	22,145	22,875	94,195	46,505	47,695
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	6,790	3,255	3,535	9,515	4,595	4,920
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	1,095	535	560	2,915	1,410	1,500
Harari	520	235	285	555	250	305
Hebrew	4,395	2,265	2,135	4,850	2,505	2,345
Maltese	875	395	475	1,090	505	580
Tigrigna	2,480	1,085	1,395	3,920	1,805	2,115
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	480	225	250	755	360	395
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	185	90	95	245	115	125
Austro-Asiatic languages	33,450	15,260	18,190	50,245	23,105	27,140
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,655	725	935	3,770	1,650	2,120
Vietnamese	31,760	14,525	17,235	46,435	21,435	25,000
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	30	15	20	40	20	20
Austronesian languages	72,495	30,930	41,570	85,370	36,525	48,845
Bikol	85	35	45	90	35	55
Cebuano	1,875	810	1,065	2,325	1,020	1,315
Fijian	10	10	5	15	10	10
Hiligaynon	780	335	445	910	385	530
Ilocano	3,455	1,480	1,970	4,100	1,780	2,320
Malagasy	10	5	5	35	15	20
Malay	1,455	705	750	1,810	860	945
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	405	180	225	445	200	250
Pangasinan	80	35	40	90	40	50
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	63,985	27,170	36,815	75,070	31,965	43,105
Waray-Waray	75	30	45	90	35	55
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	285	135	150	380	175	200
Creole languages	2,845	1,315	1,535	5,325	2,355	2,970
Haitian Creole	120	55	60	355	165	190
Creole, n.o.s.	1,950	900	1,050	3,995	1,735	2,255
Creole languages, n.i.e.	780	355	425	975	455	520
Dravidian languages	88,295	42,605	45,695	96,250	46,575	49,680
Kannada	830	415	410	1,060	540	520
Malayalam	6,400	3,260	3,140	8,760	4,460	4,295
Tamil	76,095	36,265	39,830	80,600	38,460	42,140
Telugu	4,870	2,615	2,255	5,705	3,050	2,655
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	95	40	50	125	55	70
Hmong-Mien languages	5	0	5	200	95	105
Indo-European languages	723,495	347,435	376,055	978,300	469,640	508,670
Albanian	6,385	3,195	3,190	9,190	4,580	4,605
Armenian	7,475	3,530	3,940	8,630	4,065	4,560
Balto-Slavic languages	135,230	63,280	71,950	192,945	90,585	102,365
Baltic languages	1,640	680	960	2,305	950	1,355
Latvian	600	245	355	860	350	515
Lithuanian	1,045	440	605	1,440	600	840
Slavic languages	133,590	62,600	70,995	190,645	89,635	101,005
Belarusan	125	60	65	175	80	90
Bosnian	1,330	645	690	3,220	1,595	1,620
Bulgarian	3,860	1,875	1,980	4,830	2,350	2,480
Croatian	5,940	2,845	3,095	11,125	5,275	5,855
Czech	1,415	685	730	3,070	1,480	1,595
Macedonian	4,970	2,355	2,615	6,255	2,965	3,285
Polish	33,325	15,550	17,775	52,555	24,510	28,045
Russian	53,675	24,950	28,720	63,570	29,655	33,920
Serbian	12,200	5,910	6,290	23,175	11,335	11,840
Serbo-Croatian	935	435	500	1,925	920	1,010
Slovak	2,290	1,115	1,175	3,520	1,680	1,845
Slovene (Slovenian)	890	385	500	1,465	645	815
Ukrainian	12,515	5,720	6,790	15,415	6,995	8,420
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	135	55	80	355	160	190
Celtic languages	65	35	30	120	65	55
Scottish Gaelic	25	15	10	60	30	25
Welsh	20	5	10	30	10	15
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	35	20	15
Germanic languages	5,315	2,430	2,885	44,515	21,630	22,880
Afrikaans	265	125	145	755	365	390
Danish	135	65	75	280	135	150
Dutch	655	300	350	4,450	2,145	2,305
Frisian	5	0	0	90	45	45
German	3,590	1,625	1,965	37,255	18,140	19,120
Icelandic	20	5	15	45	20	30
Norwegian	45	15	20	70	30	40
Swedish	220	100	120	385	190	190
Vlaams (Flemish)	25	15	10	145	60	85
Yiddish	350	175	175	370	190	185
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	655	315	340
Greek	16,940	7,905	9,035	21,700	10,160	11,535
Indo-Iranian languages	367,340	181,800	185,540	435,835	215,755	220,080
Indo-Aryan languages	292,940	145,580	147,360	344,050	171,125	172,920
Bengali	24,615	12,140	12,470	29,590	14,595	14,995
Gujarati	38,265	18,750	19,515	45,445	22,410	23,035
Hindi	23,995	11,925	12,065	28,960	14,485	14,475
Kashmiri	50	25	25	65	30	35
Konkani	440	215	230	540	260	280
Marathi	2,000	1,030	970	2,420	1,230	1,190
Nepali	3,085	1,560	1,525	5,640	2,815	2,820
Oriya (Odia)	270	135	140	325	160	165
Punjabi (Panjabi)	116,045	58,355	57,690	132,135	66,410	65,725
Sindhi	2,485	1,140	1,350	2,880	1,320	1,560
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	3,580	1,750	1,825	4,595	2,250	2,345
Urdu	78,105	38,560	39,550	91,450	45,160	46,295
Iranian languages	73,635	35,825	37,805	90,730	44,090	46,640
Kurdish	1,470	795	675	3,675	1,900	1,770
Pashto	4,850	2,430	2,415	6,750	3,360	3,395
Persian (Farsi)	67,315	32,600	34,715	80,305	38,830	41,475
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	770	395	375	1,050	540	515
Italic (Romance) languages	184,745	85,260	99,480	265,375	122,790	142,585
Catalan	80	40	45	135	60	75
Italian	51,815	22,250	29,560	72,960	31,195	41,770
Portuguese	50,210	24,070	26,135	67,415	32,065	35,355
Romanian	12,200	5,660	6,540	19,920	9,380	10,535
Spanish	70,370	33,205	37,165	104,820	50,035	54,785
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	65	30	35	110	50	60
Japanese	4,550	1,950	2,600	6,040	2,590	3,450
Kartvelian languages	745	405	335	770	420	355
Georgian	745	405	335	775	420	355
Korean	38,435	17,960	20,475	48,540	22,685	25,855
Mongolic languages	200	100	95	225	115	110
Mongolian	200	100	95	230	120	110
Niger-Congo languages	8,925	3,985	4,945	12,120	5,400	6,725
Akan (Twi)	4,040	1,745	2,300	4,415	1,915	2,495
Bamanankan	15	10	10	25	15	15
Edo	295	115	175	305	120	180
Ewe	95	40	55	135	60	80
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	75	35	40	110	55	55
Ga	150	65	85	175	80	100
Ganda	155	70	85	195	85	110
Igbo	410	205	205	540	265	275
Lingala	95	40	55	225	100	130
Rundi (Kirundi)	125	60	65	475	230	240
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	115	50	65	420	160	260
Shona	235	115	125	455	210	245
Swahili	1,225	540	690	2,085	925	1,160
Wolof	80	45	35	130	65	65
Yoruba	1,080	520	560	1,300	625	675
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	735	330	405	1,120	500	625
Nilo-Saharan languages	90	45	45	550	260	290
Dinka	15	5	5	120	60	65
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	75	40	40	425	195	225
Sign languages	1,910	1,085	825	4,425	2,485	1,940
American Sign Language	720	375	345	1,605	830	770
Quebec Sign Language	0	5	0	25	15	15
Sign languages, n.i.e	1,190	710	480	2,795	1,640	1,150
Sino-Tibetan languages	385,150	180,140	205,005	448,200	210,560	237,640
Chinese languages	380,550	177,880	202,675	441,615	207,305	234,310
Cantonese	182,755	84,030	98,725	198,745	91,545	107,200
Hakka	2,725	1,240	1,490	2,870	1,305	1,575
Mandarin	179,665	85,535	94,135	220,535	105,360	115,175
Min Dong	240	105	135	265	115	145
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5,065	2,315	2,745	5,775	2,635	3,140
Wu (Shanghainese)	3,130	1,465	1,665	3,690	1,735	1,955
Chinese, n.o.s.	6,890	3,155	3,735	9,630	4,565	5,070
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	85	35	50	100	45	55
Tibeto-Burman languages	4,595	2,265	2,330	6,580	3,250	3,330
Burmese	575	260	310	1,010	480	530
Karenic languages	215	105	110	1,360	685	675
Tibetan	3,705	1,845	1,860	3,875	1,925	1,945
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	100	55	50	335	165	170
Tai-Kadai languages	1,635	765	865	3,865	1,845	2,020
Lao	1,050	505	540	2,535	1,220	1,315
Thai	575	255	320	1,315	615	695
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	10	5	10
Turkic languages	9,495	4,755	4,740	12,435	6,200	6,230
Azerbaijani	645	325	320	770	385	380
Turkish	8,155	4,070	4,090	10,545	5,245	5,300
Uyghur	225	120	105	290	150	140
Uzbek	315	165	145	585	290	295
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	150	70	80	250	130	120
Uralic languages	9,040	4,135	4,900	15,330	6,990	8,340
Estonian	650	240	410	790	290	500
Finnish	510	220	290	1,835	780	1,050
Hungarian	7,875	3,680	4,200	12,700	5,915	6,790
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	320	165	155	465	245	225
Multiple responses	561,765	270,615	291,155	790,825	379,925	410,905
English and French	13,015	5,965	7,055	45,655	20,895	24,755
English and non-official language	535,630	258,900	276,730	719,595	347,730	371,865
French and non-official language	2,390	1,055	1,340	6,725	2,930	3,795
English, French and non-official language	10,730	4,700	6,035	18,855	8,365	10,490
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,885	13,312,865	6,503,875	6,808,990
None	4,489,770	2,189,920	2,299,850	11,071,665	5,436,665	5,635,000
English	594,565	291,580	302,985	896,170	437,015	459,155
French	52,850	22,910	29,940	243,970	108,390	135,580
Non-official language	720,320	342,165	378,160	1,056,960	501,315	555,645
Aboriginal	480	205	275	14,315	6,580	7,735
Non-Aboriginal	719,840	341,955	377,885	1,042,645	494,735	547,910
English and French	4,015	1,855	2,165	8,150	3,755	4,395
English and non-official language	13,540	6,615	6,925	19,105	9,370	9,735
French and non-official language	8,355	3,630	4,730	16,435	7,165	9,270
English, French and non-official language	255	120	135	415	205	215
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	11,038,440	5,342,850	5,695,590
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,631,950	2,227,300	2,404,650	10,556,935	5,115,460	5,441,475
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,705	36,559	28,070	33,539	39,889	28,676
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,632,745	2,227,500	2,405,245	10,559,805	5,115,825	5,443,975
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,242	33,167	26,233	30,641	35,753	26,585
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,084,930	2,011,885	2,073,045	9,391,800	4,650,130	4,741,675
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,705	38,299	28,006	32,871	39,831	27,012
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,323,485	1,463,175	1,860,305	7,632,575	3,402,810	4,229,770
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	2,205	1,016	3,814	4,206	2,034	5,463
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,454,585	1,751,255	1,703,330	7,790,680	3,998,335	3,792,350
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,838	39,549	30,701	33,946	39,490	29,413
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,905	11,038,440	5,342,755	5,695,685
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,632,420	2,227,415	2,405,000	10,556,925	5,114,340	5,442,580
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	50,479	60,343	41,343	47,915	56,780	39,585
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,633,195	2,227,640	2,405,550	10,559,935	5,114,725	5,445,210
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,565	47,026	34,582	39,318	45,443	33,564
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,085,085	2,011,905	2,073,175	9,391,645	4,649,230	4,742,415
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	52,042	62,785	41,617	47,890	57,511	38,459
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,323,000	1,463,150	1,859,850	7,632,220	3,402,745	4,229,475
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,392	5,530	7,071	7,346	6,763	7,815
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,454,590	1,751,680	1,702,905	7,790,680	3,995,700	3,794,985
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	51,801	61,164	42,171	47,369	55,263	39,057
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,900	11,038,440	5,342,755	5,695,685
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	1,645,880	909,065	736,815	3,737,385	2,082,480	1,654,900
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	56,454	60,974	51,880	55,121	60,345	49,713
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	74,722	84,091	63,161	68,628	76,536	58,676
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	90.9	93.9	86.8	88.9	92.1	84.7
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	76.5	79.7	72.1	72.9	76.0	68.7
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	9.1	6.1	13.2	11.1	7.9	15.3
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,895	11,038,440	5,342,850	5,695,590
Without total income	247,145	117,900	129,245	481,500	227,390	254,115
With total income	4,631,950	2,227,295	2,404,655	10,556,940	5,115,460	5,441,475
Percentage with total income	94.9	95.0	94.9	95.6	95.7	95.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	816,625	368,835	447,795	1,615,790	711,105	904,685
$10,000 to $19,999	824,160	348,745	475,420	1,829,355	742,710	1,086,645
$20,000 to $29,999	589,070	254,985	334,085	1,410,760	589,975	820,785
$30,000 to $39,999	463,975	209,685	254,290	1,147,510	519,550	627,955
$40,000 to $49,999	407,495	189,100	218,390	1,021,880	489,595	532,285
$50,000 to $59,999	325,105	158,480	166,620	809,115	415,950	393,165
$60,000 to $69,999	258,085	134,225	123,855	630,635	348,525	282,110
$70,000 to $79,999	203,100	111,065	92,035	479,890	277,725	202,165
$80,000 to $89,999	161,920	90,560	71,355	378,185	222,095	156,095
$90,000 to $99,999	137,570	73,985	63,585	324,810	181,815	142,995
$100,000 and over	444,845	287,620	157,225	909,005	616,420	292,585
$100,000 to $149,999	272,905	168,210	104,700	600,995	394,410	206,590
$150,000 and over	171,935	119,415	52,525	308,010	222,010	86,000
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	11,038,440	5,342,850	5,695,590
Without after-tax income	246,350	117,700	128,650	478,635	227,025	251,610
With after-tax income	4,632,740	2,227,495	2,405,245	10,559,805	5,115,825	5,443,980
Percentage with after-tax income	95.0	95.0	94.9	95.7	95.8	95.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	830,700	373,605	457,095	1,659,280	722,040	937,235
$10,000 to $19,999	856,665	364,095	492,575	1,906,875	777,330	1,129,540
$20,000 to $29,999	673,015	294,190	378,830	1,623,230	690,290	932,940
$30,000 to $39,999	552,905	254,030	298,870	1,377,100	642,645	734,450
$40,000 to $49,999	472,370	226,445	245,925	1,166,040	585,490	580,555
$50,000 to $59,999	348,665	180,280	168,385	845,305	464,610	380,700
$60,000 to $69,999	256,270	141,835	114,435	604,005	354,015	249,985
$70,000 to $79,999	198,170	109,175	88,995	465,485	268,140	197,345
$80,000 and over	443,970	283,840	160,130	912,490	611,260	301,230
$80,000 to $89,999	132,515	76,100	56,410	299,315	183,410	115,905
$90,000 to $99,999	79,285	49,680	29,605	174,110	116,330	57,785
$100,000 and over	232,170	158,060	74,115	439,070	311,525	127,540
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	11,038,440	5,342,850	5,695,590
Without employment income	1,424,510	593,940	830,565	3,247,760	1,344,515	1,903,245
With employment income	3,454,590	1,751,260	1,703,330	7,790,680	3,998,335	3,792,350
Percentage with employment income	70.8	74.7	67.2	70.6	74.8	66.6
Under $5,000 (including loss)	432,990	203,395	229,595	1,094,860	546,920	547,940
$5,000 to $9,999	286,225	129,320	156,910	635,305	281,135	354,165
$10,000 to $19,999	470,970	221,325	249,645	1,027,910	464,445	563,465
$20,000 to $29,999	371,235	170,795	200,440	827,805	372,185	455,625
$30,000 to $39,999	336,685	157,540	179,150	767,840	351,925	415,910
$40,000 to $49,999	310,550	147,370	163,180	709,775	341,320	368,450
$50,000 to $59,999	255,620	129,510	126,105	588,220	310,155	278,065
$60,000 to $69,999	206,215	110,510	95,705	465,670	263,430	202,240
$70,000 to $79,999	166,035	93,745	72,290	369,085	218,570	150,515
$80,000 and over	618,065	387,750	230,315	1,304,210	848,245	455,970
$80,000 to $89,999	136,480	78,255	58,230	307,660	182,660	125,005
$90,000 to $99,999	121,935	65,620	56,320	280,530	156,440	124,090
$100,000 and over	359,645	243,875	115,775	716,015	509,140	206,875
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	2,135,910	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	78,373	...	...	74,287	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	68,632	...	...	65,285	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	519,790	...	...	1,341,300	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,560	...	...	36,900	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,294	...	...	33,219	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	1,616,120	...	...	3,827,875	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	94,463	...	...	90,967	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	82,594	...	...	79,528	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	2,135,910	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	109,480	...	...	97,856	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	87,993	...	...	80,322	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	519,930	...	...	1,341,115	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	55,833	...	...	49,571	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	44,755	...	...	40,830	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	1,615,980	...	...	3,828,060	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	126,740	...	...	114,773	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	101,904	...	...	94,157	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	2,135,910	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
Under $5,000	47,170	...	...	86,720	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	32,275	...	...	70,245	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	50,900	...	...	134,395	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	75,725	...	...	185,245	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	73,110	...	...	200,770	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	74,910	...	...	189,450	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	76,830	...	...	202,580	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	78,800	...	...	207,180	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	78,620	...	...	206,605	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	77,375	...	...	202,015	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	150,140	...	...	388,820	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	141,320	...	...	363,580	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	131,390	...	...	335,770	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	122,205	...	...	309,105	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	113,055	...	...	282,740	...	...
$100,000 and over	812,085	...	...	1,803,955	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	229,055	...	...	560,090	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	167,755	...	...	394,570	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	200,605	...	...	449,885	...	...
$200,000 and over	214,660	...	...	399,410	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	2,135,905	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
Under $5,000	49,905	...	...	92,220	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	32,655	...	...	71,480	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	51,760	...	...	136,550	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	78,605	...	...	192,920	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	80,190	...	...	222,605	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	82,520	...	...	211,440	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	87,360	...	...	232,755	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	92,550	...	...	244,335	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	95,185	...	...	247,645	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	93,510	...	...	241,965	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	179,885	...	...	463,170	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	165,340	...	...	422,695	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	153,020	...	...	388,720	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	136,810	...	...	342,330	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	118,465	...	...	290,720	...	...
$100,000 and over	638,165	...	...	1,367,630	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	229,315	...	...	539,915	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	149,930	...	...	334,420	...	...
$150,000 and over	258,915	...	...	493,295	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	1,557,640	...	...	3,689,580	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	94,132	...	...	91,089	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	82,232	...	...	79,531	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.3	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	423,565	...	...	1,280,890	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	85,201	...	...	81,459	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,904	...	...	71,237	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	822,810	...	...	1,716,115	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	114,050	...	...	115,381	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,699	...	...	99,205	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	257,415	...	...	584,180	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	57,120	...	...	54,363	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,715	...	...	50,317	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	1,556,795	...	...	3,689,080	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	127,226	...	...	115,328	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	102,021	...	...	94,410	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	423,700	...	...	1,280,580	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	120,527	...	...	104,425	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	94,618	...	...	84,952	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	823,190	...	...	1,717,295	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	148,914	...	...	140,590	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	118,944	...	...	114,144	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	255,745	...	...	581,945	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	73,609	...	...	67,748	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	62,869	...	...	58,742	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	747,115	353,075	394,040	1,818,815	867,175	951,640
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	32,613	33,636	31,818	32,097	33,925	30,753
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	29,868	30,519	29,362	29,417	30,678	28,442
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	745,705	351,920	393,790	1,814,575	864,020	950,555
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	47,973	50,595	45,630	44,298	46,765	42,057
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	39,048	40,380	37,857	36,874	38,228	35,644
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	5,862,855	2,849,955	3,012,895	13,242,160	6,472,205	6,769,955
In the bottom half of the distribution	2,813,285	1,338,400	1,474,885	6,335,170	3,016,275	3,318,895
In the bottom decile	652,620	315,260	337,360	1,346,645	651,310	695,335
In the second decile	583,750	269,305	314,445	1,280,675	581,380	699,290
In the third decile	539,335	254,260	285,075	1,237,415	583,840	653,575
In the fourth decile	518,440	248,375	270,065	1,223,510	589,740	633,770
In the fifth decile	519,140	251,205	267,935	1,246,925	610,000	636,930
In the top half of the distribution	3,049,570	1,511,555	1,538,015	6,906,990	3,455,930	3,451,060
In the sixth decile	528,520	256,980	271,540	1,279,095	629,635	649,465
In the seventh decile	546,775	267,890	278,885	1,321,220	655,840	665,375
In the eighth decile	580,185	286,725	293,460	1,382,795	691,630	691,165
In the ninth decile	639,880	318,340	321,540	1,464,415	736,030	728,385
In the top decile	754,210	381,625	372,590	1,459,465	742,795	716,670
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	5,862,595	2,849,835	3,012,760	13,184,055	6,442,930	6,741,130
0 to 17 years	1,195,910	614,060	581,850	2,656,535	1,361,905	1,294,630
0 to 5 years	374,440	191,880	182,555	835,000	428,025	406,975
18 to 64 years	3,851,275	1,866,775	1,984,495	8,418,960	4,110,615	4,308,345
65 years and over	815,415	369,005	446,405	2,108,560	970,405	1,138,155
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	912,405	430,210	482,200	1,898,975	886,530	1,012,445
0 to 17 years	235,120	121,220	113,905	489,905	251,830	238,080
0 to 5 years	75,855	39,055	36,795	165,140	84,825	80,310
18 to 64 years	565,145	264,585	300,560	1,155,315	538,535	616,780
65 years and over	112,140	44,405	67,735	253,755	96,170	157,585
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.6	15.1	16.0	14.4	13.8	15.0
0 to 17 years (%)	19.7	19.7	19.6	18.4	18.5	18.4
0 to 5 years (%)	20.3	20.4	20.2	19.8	19.8	19.7
18 to 64 years (%)	14.7	14.2	15.1	13.7	13.1	14.3
65 years and over (%)	13.8	12.0	15.2	12.0	9.9	13.8
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	749,935	359,355	390,585	1,298,590	627,935	670,650
0 to 17 years	178,525	91,985	86,540	304,390	156,575	147,815
0 to 5 years	58,105	29,855	28,245	102,750	52,810	49,935
18 to 64 years	499,350	239,960	259,390	887,640	430,545	457,095
65 years and over	72,065	27,410	44,660	106,555	40,815	65,740
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	12.8	12.6	13.0	9.8	9.7	9.9
0 to 17 years (%)	14.9	15.0	14.9	11.5	11.5	11.4
0 to 5 years (%)	15.5	15.6	15.5	12.3	12.3	12.3
18 to 64 years (%)	13.0	12.9	13.1	10.5	10.5	10.6
65 years and over (%)	8.8	7.4	10.0	5.1	4.2	5.8
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,865	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,925
Official languages	5,605,085	2,747,700	2,857,380	12,918,075	6,342,930	6,575,145
English	5,600,485	2,745,820	2,854,665	12,879,045	6,326,225	6,552,825
French	466,820	200,835	265,990	1,521,020	677,505	843,510
Non-official languages	3,115,825	1,485,485	1,630,340	4,431,270	2,115,510	2,315,760
Aboriginal languages	1,105	450	655	33,855	15,815	18,035
Algonquian languages	940	395	545	30,630	14,505	16,125
Blackfoot	10	0	0	15	15	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	190	90	95	6,560	3,160	3,395
Atikamekw	0	0	0	10	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Moose Cree	0	0	0	145	70	75
Naskapi	0	0	0	25	10	10
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	65	25	45
Plains Cree	50	30	20	105	50	50
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	30	10	15	605	255	350
Woods Cree	15	10	0	45	25	25
Cree, n.o.s.	100	45	55	5,620	2,760	2,865
Eastern Algonquian languages	45	20	25	180	95	85
Malecite	0	0	0	20	20	0
Mi'kmaq	45	25	25	160	75	85
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	705	280	425	23,980	11,285	12,690
Algonquin	15	10	10	205	95	105
Ojibway	675	270	405	16,220	7,600	8,630
Oji-Cree	10	0	10	7,515	3,585	3,935
Ottawa (Odawa)	20	10	0	200	105	100
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	85	40	50
Athabaskan languages	15	0	10	85	25	65
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	10	10	80	25	55
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	10	0	10
Chilcotin	0	0	0	10	0	10
Dene	10	0	10	45	20	30
Dogrib (Tlicho)	10	0	0	10	0	10
Gwich'in	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	10
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	20	10	10	840	320	525
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Inuktitut	15	0	0	730	285	445
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	105	35	70
Iroquoian languages	60	20	40	1,940	810	1,125
Cayuga	0	0	0	120	35	85
Mohawk	45	15	35	1,625	710	915
Oneida	10	10	10	180	55	125
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	50	25	25
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	15	10	0	180	65	110
Salish languages	10	0	0	10	0	10
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	10	0	0	0	10	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	10	0	10
Siouan languages	0	0	10	40	10	30
Dakota	10	0	0	20	10	10
Stoney	0	0	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	0	15
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	10	0	10	10	0	10
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Wakashan languages	0	0	10	10	10	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	10	0	0	0	0	10
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	30	20	15	210	100	110
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,114,775	1,485,055	1,629,720	4,397,690	2,099,820	2,297,865
Afro-Asiatic languages	211,335	106,115	105,215	362,645	183,050	179,595
Berber languages	245	135	110	925	505	415
Kabyle	80	40	40	530	280	255
Berber languages, n.i.e.	170	95	75	390	225	165
Cushitic languages	20,445	8,910	11,530	34,160	15,155	19,000
Bilen	85	50	35	355	200	160
Oromo	1,390	590	800	2,075	905	1,175
Somali	18,965	8,250	10,715	31,535	13,925	17,610
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	85	30	50	370	170	205
Semitic languages	191,925	97,710	94,215	330,315	168,750	161,570
Amharic	11,440	5,325	6,115	16,010	7,565	8,445
Arabic	125,970	65,090	60,880	246,015	127,015	119,000
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	12,500	6,090	6,410	17,825	8,775	9,050
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	2,220	1,110	1,105	6,185	3,045	3,140
Harari	1,250	635	620	1,310	660	645
Hebrew	38,385	19,590	18,795	43,255	22,165	21,090
Maltese	4,675	2,295	2,380	7,020	3,455	3,570
Tigrigna	5,960	2,790	3,180	9,385	4,320	5,065
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	1,135	555	580	1,985	1,010	975
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	720	335	390	1,125	535	590
Austro-Asiatic languages	67,000	30,750	36,245	99,830	46,210	53,620
Khmer (Cambodian)	4,340	1,900	2,445	10,045	4,490	5,550
Vietnamese	62,935	29,000	33,935	90,265	41,965	48,300
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	40	0	35	60	10	50
Austronesian languages	205,810	81,995	123,815	249,435	98,295	151,150
Bikol	580	260	325	755	340	425
Cebuano	7,350	2,960	4,395	9,475	3,650	5,830
Fijian	50	20	30	110	40	65
Hiligaynon	2,545	1,015	1,530	3,110	1,205	1,910
Ilocano	12,740	5,000	7,740	15,235	5,940	9,295
Malagasy	90	45	45	215	115	100
Malay	7,305	3,360	3,945	9,780	4,500	5,280
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,600	735	875	1,935	855	1,080
Pangasinan	450	200	255	565	245	320
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	193,480	76,640	116,840	232,935	91,110	141,820
Waray-Waray	320	100	220	410	125	285
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,275	525	750	1,785	755	1,030
Creole languages	16,750	7,530	9,220	30,260	13,525	16,735
Haitian Creole	645	290	355	1,430	605	830
Creole, n.o.s.	9,125	4,110	5,015	19,375	8,480	10,895
Creole languages, n.i.e.	7,130	3,185	3,945	9,685	4,525	5,155
Dravidian languages	176,480	87,740	88,740	196,315	97,975	98,335
Kannada	4,470	2,245	2,215	5,775	2,930	2,845
Malayalam	17,255	8,785	8,475	22,880	11,535	11,345
Tamil	146,145	71,915	74,225	157,700	77,975	79,730
Telugu	13,615	7,460	6,150	16,315	8,925	7,390
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	440	225	210	495	250	240
Hmong-Mien languages	25	10	15	545	265	280
Indo-European languages	1,768,825	861,040	907,780	2,608,060	1,265,535	1,342,525
Albanian	15,375	7,695	7,680	22,375	11,180	11,195
Armenian	15,225	7,275	7,950	18,435	8,860	9,575
Balto-Slavic languages	300,880	140,300	160,580	473,565	221,450	252,120
Baltic languages	6,340	2,595	3,745	10,545	4,495	6,050
Latvian	2,630	1,115	1,520	4,675	2,070	2,610
Lithuanian	3,710	1,480	2,230	5,875	2,430	3,445
Slavic languages	296,240	138,420	157,820	465,170	217,885	247,285
Belarusan	945	495	450	1,360	680	680
Bosnian	4,355	2,110	2,250	9,915	4,905	5,010
Bulgarian	8,055	3,940	4,120	10,410	5,060	5,350
Croatian	23,785	11,605	12,180	46,580	22,880	23,700
Czech	6,300	2,975	3,325	14,045	6,615	7,430
Macedonian	16,730	8,025	8,700	21,505	10,365	11,140
Polish	83,545	38,245	45,300	142,985	65,415	77,575
Russian	111,165	51,675	59,485	138,735	64,355	74,380
Serbian	27,390	13,560	13,830	53,250	26,725	26,525
Serbo-Croatian	2,865	1,390	1,475	5,815	2,845	2,965
Slovak	6,085	2,790	3,295	12,035	5,550	6,490
Slovene (Slovenian)	4,450	2,010	2,440	7,935	3,550	4,390
Ukrainian	38,030	17,050	20,980	54,615	24,125	30,490
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	630	360	265	1,750	935	815
Celtic languages	1,910	985	920	3,800	1,880	1,920
Scottish Gaelic	650	325	320	1,480	720	765
Welsh	235	115	125	685	300	390
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	1,025	550	475	1,650	870	785
Germanic languages	80,940	38,460	42,480	274,305	130,610	143,700
Afrikaans	4,255	2,095	2,160	7,360	3,625	3,735
Danish	2,125	965	1,165	5,440	2,455	2,980
Dutch	11,655	5,440	6,215	63,410	29,875	33,535
Frisian	195	75	115	1,655	820	835
German	55,040	26,285	28,755	189,035	90,730	98,305
Icelandic	130	55	75	285	130	155
Norwegian	960	460	500	2,140	975	1,165
Swedish	2,570	1,165	1,410	5,125	2,345	2,785
Vlaams (Flemish)	265	110	150	2,275	1,050	1,225
Yiddish	6,510	3,200	3,305	7,175	3,535	3,640
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	105	50	55	3,290	1,645	1,645
Greek	60,400	29,665	30,735	80,690	40,105	40,590
Indo-Iranian languages	765,115	386,165	378,955	915,765	463,175	452,585
Indo-Aryan languages	639,795	323,555	316,245	759,390	384,940	374,450
Bengali	48,410	24,580	23,830	59,685	30,420	29,265
Gujarati	87,570	43,795	43,770	103,890	52,380	51,510
Hindi	207,780	105,570	102,210	250,095	127,765	122,335
Kashmiri	475	240	235	600	300	300
Konkani	4,995	2,265	2,730	5,490	2,515	2,975
Marathi	8,630	4,460	4,170	10,360	5,380	4,980
Nepali	6,385	3,155	3,235	10,245	5,115	5,135
Oriya (Odia)	930	445	480	1,090	515	570
Punjabi (Panjabi)	243,875	125,225	118,655	282,065	145,050	137,015
Sindhi	9,685	4,545	5,135	11,515	5,385	6,130
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15,135	7,605	7,525	18,555	9,230	9,330
Urdu	194,390	98,385	96,005	231,500	117,305	114,190
Iranian languages	130,695	65,170	65,520	163,490	81,710	81,785
Kurdish	3,845	2,175	1,670	8,795	4,755	4,040
Pashto	11,400	6,040	5,365	15,315	8,145	7,170
Persian (Farsi)	119,790	59,470	60,320	145,465	72,275	73,190
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	3,515	1,895	1,620	4,665	2,495	2,175
Italic (Romance) languages	567,300	268,895	298,410	880,330	418,225	462,105
Catalan	315	165	150	515	275	240
Italian	220,425	105,435	114,985	333,645	161,190	172,455
Portuguese	134,220	64,585	69,640	193,520	93,885	99,635
Romanian	29,765	13,805	15,965	49,635	23,205	26,430
Spanish	206,090	95,990	110,100	337,615	156,040	181,580
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	655	320	340	1,355	745	605
Japanese	17,460	7,535	9,920	25,675	11,535	14,140
Kartvelian languages	1,465	740	725	1,555	775	780
Georgian	1,465	740	725	1,555	770	785
Korean	62,350	29,150	33,205	79,175	36,930	42,245
Mongolic languages	445	190	255	515	225	285
Mongolian	445	190	255	515	225	285
Niger-Congo languages	47,720	22,705	25,015	70,570	33,620	36,945
Akan (Twi)	13,715	6,345	7,365	15,950	7,520	8,435
Bamanankan	200	110	90	385	195	185
Edo	1,890	825	1,070	2,130	930	1,195
Ewe	520	270	250	880	435	445
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	485	245	240	700	320	375
Ga	1,005	490	515	1,340	645	695
Ganda	865	410	455	1,225	550	675
Igbo	2,925	1,445	1,475	4,025	2,105	1,920
Lingala	2,080	895	1,185	4,885	2,165	2,720
Rundi (Kirundi)	535	255	285	2,555	1,080	1,475
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	695	295	400	2,220	885	1,330
Shona	1,175	515	655	2,350	1,055	1,300
Swahili	10,350	5,110	5,240	16,750	8,110	8,640
Wolof	415	185	230	730	355	375
Yoruba	7,935	3,980	3,960	10,495	5,345	5,150
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	6,340	2,935	3,405	11,210	5,255	5,950
Nilo-Saharan languages	500	285	215	2,025	1,020	1,010
Dinka	85	65	25	415	220	200
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	415	220	195	1,615	805	810
Sign languages	5,980	2,555	3,425	18,865	7,645	11,220
American Sign Language	3,505	1,325	2,175	10,220	3,695	6,525
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	15	235	60	180
Sign languages, n.i.e.	2,575	1,280	1,295	8,690	4,005	4,680
Sino-Tibetan languages	581,165	272,700	308,470	689,145	324,575	364,565
Chinese languages	574,095	269,220	304,875	679,170	319,635	359,530
Cantonese	306,700	142,590	164,115	341,875	159,280	182,600
Hakka	7,185	3,150	4,035	7,865	3,445	4,420
Mandarin	313,605	145,835	167,765	385,395	179,890	205,510
Min Dong	710	285	425	810	330	480
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	13,985	6,265	7,715	16,980	7,650	9,330
Wu (Shanghainese)	6,885	3,200	3,685	8,305	3,860	4,440
Chinese, n.o.s.	11,470	5,200	6,270	16,455	7,710	8,745
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	135	75	60	185	95	90
Tibeto-Burman languages	7,455	3,695	3,770	10,460	5,200	5,260
Burmese	1,325	600	720	2,215	1,055	1,165
Karenic languages	245	115	135	1,820	905	920
Tibetan	5,465	2,725	2,740	5,695	2,845	2,850
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	500	290	210	1,245	645	605
Tai-Kadai languages	5,070	2,155	2,915	11,120	4,945	6,180
Lao	2,895	1,370	1,525	6,740	3,215	3,520
Thai	2,450	915	1,535	5,195	2,065	3,135
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	30	10	20	30	10	20
Turkic languages	24,680	12,835	11,845	33,335	17,310	16,025
Azerbaijani	2,645	1,345	1,300	3,260	1,710	1,550
Turkish	20,745	10,830	9,915	27,850	14,510	13,340
Uyghur	490	225	265	700	350	345
Uzbek	815	440	375	1,405	700	705
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	560	270	290	915	450	465
Uralic languages	27,660	12,555	15,095	58,370	27,060	31,310
Estonian	2,995	1,295	1,705	4,785	2,155	2,625
Finnish	2,835	1,215	1,615	11,145	4,865	6,280
Hungarian	21,890	10,070	11,830	42,545	20,070	22,480
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	2,300	1,195	1,105	3,675	1,950	1,725
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,920
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	5,134,440	2,503,870	2,630,575	12,223,065	5,987,360	6,235,705
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,102,940	565,995	536,940	2,546,075	1,305,820	1,240,255
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	4,031,505	1,937,875	2,093,635	9,676,990	4,681,540	4,995,445
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	728,410	346,120	382,285	1,019,095	484,880	534,215
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,920
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	3,020,405	1,511,930	1,508,475	9,188,815	4,555,270	4,633,545
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	2,705,550	1,269,995	1,435,560	3,852,145	1,814,665	2,037,480
Before 1981	611,635	284,800	326,830	1,077,745	507,500	570,240
1981 to 1990	370,195	177,010	193,190	513,995	246,235	267,755
1991 to 2000	638,770	298,245	340,520	834,510	390,315	444,195
2001 to 2010	728,025	341,100	386,925	953,730	446,895	506,835
2001 to 2005	379,400	178,780	200,620	490,560	230,950	259,610
2006 to 2010	348,620	162,320	186,305	463,170	215,945	247,225
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	356,930	168,835	188,095	472,170	223,715	248,450
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	136,895	68,065	68,830	201,200	102,305	98,895
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	2,705,550	1,269,990	1,435,560	3,852,145	1,814,665	2,037,485
Under 5 years	225,470	112,150	113,325	369,955	184,255	185,705
5 to 14 years	449,875	226,440	223,440	685,085	345,865	339,225
15 to 24 years	588,860	261,700	327,155	855,475	381,025	474,450
25 to 44 years	1,154,390	541,415	612,980	1,579,500	741,340	838,160
45 years and over	286,960	128,295	158,665	362,130	162,180	199,945
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	2,705,550	1,269,990	1,435,560	3,852,145	1,814,665	2,037,480
Americas	409,865	181,700	228,165	598,950	265,930	333,025
Brazil	10,625	4,950	5,675	14,705	6,700	8,010
Colombia	17,150	7,850	9,295	28,815	13,085	15,730
El Salvador	11,110	5,535	5,580	20,920	10,165	10,750
Guyana	69,025	30,505	38,515	79,745	35,325	44,420
Haiti	2,590	1,225	1,370	10,195	4,410	5,785
Jamaica	99,660	41,700	57,960	119,840	51,320	68,525
Mexico	11,395	5,070	6,320	30,075	13,895	16,185
Peru	8,095	3,600	4,500	10,550	4,660	5,895
Trinidad and Tobago	43,135	19,035	24,095	52,810	23,515	29,300
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	46,695	21,755	24,940	109,005	47,170	61,830
Other places of birth in Americas	90,390	40,480	49,915	122,280	55,685	66,600
Europe	617,555	291,735	325,815	1,144,295	546,250	598,050
Bosnia and Herzegovina	9,630	4,760	4,875	21,300	10,655	10,645
Croatia	12,010	5,760	6,250	27,330	13,495	13,835
France	6,890	3,220	3,670	13,385	6,310	7,070
Germany	22,970	10,725	12,240	63,460	29,685	33,775
Greece	27,885	13,595	14,290	36,575	18,225	18,350
Hungary	11,925	5,380	6,540	22,085	10,495	11,590
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	8,115	3,955	4,160	15,275	7,415	7,860
Italy	103,620	50,525	53,090	157,815	78,510	79,305
Netherlands	7,620	3,700	3,915	47,400	23,910	23,490
Poland	57,450	25,810	31,640	96,000	43,155	52,845
Portugal	71,045	34,235	36,810	103,025	50,240	52,785
Romania	25,515	11,630	13,890	42,720	19,720	23,000
Russian Federation	34,385	14,875	19,510	42,980	18,540	24,440
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	13,080	6,355	6,725	23,695	11,610	12,085
Ukraine	32,110	14,690	17,420	39,945	18,150	21,795
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	99,165	47,375	51,790	264,125	125,730	138,390
Other places of birth in Europe	74,130	35,130	38,995	127,190	60,395	66,790
Africa	152,755	73,585	79,165	226,770	109,585	117,185
Algeria	1,240	650	595	2,925	1,480	1,450
Egypt	24,820	12,865	11,950	34,510	18,000	16,510
Ethiopia	10,865	4,965	5,900	15,570	7,230	8,340
Kenya	11,305	5,165	6,140	14,940	6,910	8,025
Morocco	3,480	1,700	1,780	5,485	2,690	2,795
Nigeria	16,400	8,135	8,260	20,630	10,285	10,345
Somalia	10,850	4,350	6,500	16,970	6,845	10,125
South Africa, Republic of	13,040	6,345	6,690	19,390	9,545	9,840
Other places of birth in Africa	60,760	29,410	31,355	96,355	46,610	49,745
Asia	1,518,125	719,445	798,680	1,869,805	886,570	983,240
Afghanistan	25,420	12,730	12,690	33,145	16,490	16,655
Bangladesh	32,385	16,330	16,055	39,410	19,970	19,440
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	266,840	121,555	145,290	317,225	143,705	173,515
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	100,060	46,985	53,080	108,030	50,945	57,090
India	307,275	153,190	154,085	360,540	179,950	180,590
IranCensus data footnote 61	74,530	37,130	37,395	86,810	43,445	43,360
Iraq	29,230	14,640	14,595	50,390	25,280	25,115
Japan	5,880	1,905	3,975	8,145	2,550	5,585
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	45,700	21,285	24,420	57,085	26,660	30,425
Lebanon	13,610	7,315	6,295	34,545	18,145	16,405
Pakistan	119,085	60,120	58,960	142,265	71,925	70,345
Philippines	192,265	78,690	113,570	231,760	93,730	138,030
Sri Lanka	101,550	49,580	51,965	109,855	53,640	56,215
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	10,830	5,430	5,400	22,680	11,405	11,270
Taiwan	14,980	6,510	8,465	17,840	7,775	10,065
Viet Nam	59,365	26,830	32,540	80,525	36,545	43,985
Other places of birth in Asia	119,120	59,225	59,900	169,555	84,400	85,160
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	7,260	3,525	3,730	12,330	6,330	5,990
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	356,930	168,835	188,095	472,170	223,720	248,450
Americas	40,810	19,490	21,320	60,700	29,005	31,700
Brazil	2,595	1,225	1,370	3,180	1,505	1,675
Colombia	2,610	1,220	1,385	4,520	2,005	2,520
Cuba	1,200	535	660	1,950	910	1,045
Haiti	865	415	450	2,575	1,140	1,435
Jamaica	7,300	3,825	3,475	8,935	4,840	4,090
Mexico	3,045	1,450	1,590	5,670	2,745	2,925
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	8,075	4,090	3,990	14,635	7,225	7,405
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	1,880	875	1,005	2,460	1,120	1,340
Other places of birth in Americas	13,250	5,845	7,395	16,775	7,510	9,265
Europe	31,805	15,585	16,225	45,295	22,250	23,045
France	1,400	675	725	2,010	1,025	985
Germany	915	490	420	1,695	885	805
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	1,490	935	560	1,900	1,185	715
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	775	365	415	880	400	480
Romania	1,490	590	900	2,425	995	1,430
Russian Federation	3,935	1,430	2,505	4,905	1,790	3,115
Ukraine	3,655	1,690	1,960	4,455	2,005	2,445
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	3,990	2,385	1,605	7,780	4,515	3,265
Other places of birth in Europe	14,150	7,020	7,135	19,245	9,450	9,795
Africa	24,760	12,150	12,615	39,380	19,045	20,330
Algeria	205	95	115	415	180	240
Cameroon	805	355	450	1,390	640	750
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	565	250	315	1,835	845	990
Côte d'Ivoire	290	135	150	605	245	360
Egypt	5,975	3,105	2,870	8,220	4,290	3,935
Eritrea	1,065	520	540	2,055	1,010	1,045
Ethiopia	1,665	755	915	2,505	1,115	1,385
Morocco	365	145	220	655	275	375
Nigeria	4,805	2,340	2,460	5,910	2,895	3,015
Somalia	1,155	555	600	2,065	965	1,100
South Africa, Republic of	810	440	370	1,410	715	695
Tunisia	125	90	40	310	155	150
Other places of birth in Africa	6,950	3,375	3,575	12,010	5,715	6,295
Asia	258,265	120,865	137,405	324,820	152,205	172,615
Afghanistan	4,615	2,315	2,300	5,785	2,845	2,945
Bangladesh	6,870	3,400	3,465	8,180	4,055	4,125
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	49,815	22,155	27,660	58,840	26,025	32,815
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	1,815	730	1,085	1,985	800	1,190
India	58,820	29,560	29,260	69,325	35,060	34,265
IranCensus data footnote 61	18,635	9,020	9,620	21,225	10,300	10,930
Iraq	8,270	4,125	4,150	14,645	7,315	7,330
Israel	1,665	880	785	2,050	1,085	970
Japan	965	265	700	1,385	370	1,015
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	4,885	2,215	2,665	6,320	2,855	3,470
Lebanon	1,440	780	660	3,230	1,685	1,545
Nepal	2,430	1,245	1,190	3,395	1,725	1,665
Pakistan	21,750	10,650	11,100	25,435	12,425	13,015
Philippines	43,590	17,995	25,595	53,190	21,740	31,450
Saudi Arabia	2,135	1,085	1,045	3,140	1,615	1,530
Sri Lanka	7,395	3,220	4,175	8,185	3,580	4,605
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	5,505	2,855	2,650	12,710	6,590	6,120
Taiwan	760	300	460	1,015	435	580
Turkey	2,055	1,145	910	2,590	1,440	1,145
United Arab Emirates	3,375	1,695	1,680	4,290	2,230	2,055
Viet Nam	2,690	1,060	1,625	3,885	1,520	2,365
Other places of birth in Asia	8,780	4,155	4,625	13,995	6,505	7,485
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	1,285	755	535	1,980	1,215	765
Australia	1,005	615	390	1,535	965	565
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	285	140	150	445	250	200
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,865	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,920
First generationCensus data footnote 69	2,874,265	1,354,410	1,519,860	4,122,840	1,953,095	2,169,740
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	1,676,530	844,955	831,575	3,049,835	1,525,300	1,524,540
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	1,312,060	650,630	661,430	6,069,485	2,993,845	3,075,640
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	2,129,485	1,002,290	1,127,200	2,825,480	1,331,730	1,493,750
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	1,063,255	525,765	537,490	1,364,380	677,695	686,685
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	424,005	261,635	162,370	540,795	338,460	202,335
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	639,250	264,130	375,115	823,580	339,240	484,350
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	717,295	293,165	424,130	940,405	382,890	557,520
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	319,285	169,830	149,460	482,665	253,750	228,910
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	29,655	13,530	16,120	38,035	17,400	20,640
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	5,862,855	2,849,995	3,012,860	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,920
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	46,320	21,815	24,505	374,395	179,970	194,420
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	43,735	20,505	23,230	361,125	173,685	187,445
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	27,800	12,935	14,875	236,680	112,840	123,845
Métis	15,240	7,245	7,995	120,585	59,015	61,570
Inuk (Inuit)	690	320	365	3,860	1,835	2,030
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	1,130	530	595	5,730	2,680	3,045
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	1,455	780	670	7,540	3,615	3,930
Non-Aboriginal identity	5,816,540	2,828,180	2,988,360	12,867,765	6,292,265	6,575,500
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,925
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	14,865	6,865	8,005	170,895	81,560	89,335
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	5,847,985	2,843,125	3,004,860	13,071,265	6,390,680	6,680,585
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,920
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	7,435	3,410	4,020	112,875	54,840	58,035
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	7,255	3,325	3,930	111,575	54,180	57,395
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	5,765	2,610	3,155	97,430	47,130	50,305
Métis single ancestry	1,375	665	715	12,925	6,490	6,435
Inuit single ancestry	120	55	65	1,220	565	655
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	175	85	90	1,295	665	640
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	125	65	60	1,055	545	510
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	25	10	10	145	70	75
Métis and Inuit ancestries	15	0	15	65	25	40
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	20	15	0	30	20	10
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	66,540	31,435	35,105	405,425	192,320	213,100
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	64,835	30,640	34,190	395,205	187,695	207,510
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	49,115	23,300	25,815	276,920	130,810	146,110
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	14,790	6,905	7,890	113,785	54,830	58,955
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	930	435	490	4,500	2,050	2,450
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	1,710	795	910	10,215	4,620	5,590
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,445	655	785	9,305	4,205	5,100
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	170	80	85	595	290	305
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	90	50	45	300	125	170
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	10	0	15	0	10
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	5,788,885	2,815,145	2,973,735	12,723,865	6,225,080	6,498,785
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,920
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	3,011,905	1,449,235	1,562,675	3,885,585	1,878,075	2,007,505
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	973,225	490,875	482,350	1,150,415	582,010	568,400
Chinese	631,050	300,215	330,830	754,550	359,230	395,315
Black	442,020	204,665	237,350	627,715	296,270	331,445
Filipino	254,475	108,655	145,825	311,675	132,440	179,230
Latin American	132,945	63,735	69,210	195,950	93,645	102,310
Arab	105,610	54,840	50,770	210,435	109,585	100,850
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	83,535	39,210	44,335	133,855	63,255	70,605
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	123,760	61,875	61,885	154,670	77,385	77,280
Korean	69,670	33,180	36,485	88,935	42,445	46,495
Japanese	20,655	8,970	11,685	30,830	13,595	17,235
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	77,780	36,315	41,465	97,970	46,105	51,860
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	97,190	46,700	50,490	128,585	62,105	66,485
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	2,850,950	1,400,760	1,450,190	9,356,575	4,594,165	4,762,410
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	5,862,855	2,849,995	3,012,865	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,920
North American Aboriginal origins	73,975	34,840	39,130	518,300	247,160	271,135
First Nations (North American Indian)	56,655	26,735	29,915	385,505	183,075	202,430
Inuit	1,360	645	710	6,870	3,150	3,720
Métis	17,860	8,350	9,505	137,485	66,245	71,235
Other North American origins	786,975	390,020	396,955	3,220,595	1,585,255	1,635,340
Acadian	4,215	2,085	2,125	16,580	8,135	8,450
American	49,455	23,985	25,470	140,165	67,480	72,690
Canadian	746,965	370,515	376,445	3,109,770	1,531,645	1,578,125
New Brunswicker	85	55	35	320	190	125
Newfoundlander	3,280	1,675	1,605	10,850	5,520	5,325
Nova Scotian	645	295	355	1,485	685	800
Ontarian	645	370	275	2,165	1,085	1,075
Québécois	1,570	780	785	5,390	2,730	2,665
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	245	130	115	675	375	300
European origins	2,760,845	1,345,375	1,415,470	8,151,470	3,978,900	4,172,570
British Isles origins	1,287,260	629,030	658,230	4,900,430	2,380,595	2,519,835
Channel Islander	445	235	210	1,120	530	590
Cornish	205	105	95	755	370	385
English	732,555	358,040	374,515	2,808,805	1,357,650	1,451,160
Irish	544,380	260,305	284,070	2,095,460	991,625	1,103,835
Manx	815	475	345	2,450	1,320	1,130
Scottish	543,760	263,155	280,605	2,107,295	1,016,260	1,091,030
Welsh	56,210	26,940	29,275	198,475	94,555	103,920
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	107,900	51,560	56,340	323,185	152,525	170,660
French origins	248,150	117,595	130,555	1,350,520	643,360	707,160
Alsatian	355	140	215	1,235	495	740
Breton	60	35	20	290	175	120
Corsican	60	30	30	205	125	85
French	247,790	117,430	130,360	1,349,255	642,790	706,470
Western European origins (except French origins)	396,070	192,485	203,585	1,766,975	864,010	902,970
Austrian	30,375	14,775	15,600	72,475	35,415	37,065
Bavarian	155	65	85	450	225	230
Belgian	9,770	4,540	5,230	57,890	28,460	29,430
Dutch	98,890	47,530	51,360	527,750	259,585	268,165
Flemish	910	430	475	4,005	2,005	1,995
Frisian	400	230	165	2,705	1,400	1,305
German	271,815	132,610	139,205	1,189,670	579,315	610,355
Luxembourger	305	145	155	915	500	415
Swiss	14,705	7,290	7,415	59,835	29,395	30,440
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	530	260	275	1,095	560	530
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	69,205	33,340	35,865	266,085	127,885	138,195
Danish	15,455	7,630	7,825	53,555	26,355	27,195
Finnish	16,385	7,650	8,735	76,755	36,955	39,800
Icelandic	3,985	2,005	1,985	13,215	6,325	6,895
Norwegian	16,390	8,040	8,345	59,335	28,350	30,980
Swedish	18,590	8,565	10,020	71,035	32,705	38,325
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	3,515	1,665	1,845	12,540	6,400	6,140
Eastern European origins	596,425	284,470	311,955	1,339,610	644,610	695,000
Bulgarian	11,220	5,545	5,675	16,750	8,230	8,525
Byelorussian	8,240	4,040	4,205	11,690	5,645	6,045
Czech	16,630	8,030	8,600	42,340	20,815	21,530
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	4,755	2,275	2,480	14,810	6,820	7,990
Estonian	7,655	3,580	4,075	15,075	7,255	7,825
Hungarian	59,720	29,025	30,690	163,500	79,850	83,655
Latvian	9,660	4,505	5,155	18,095	8,615	9,480
Lithuanian	19,520	9,380	10,140	35,100	16,965	18,135
Moldovan	3,020	1,545	1,475	3,905	1,910	1,995
Polish	237,245	113,300	123,940	523,490	251,575	271,910
Romanian	50,515	24,070	26,445	98,235	46,825	51,410
Russian	139,910	65,150	74,760	220,850	103,650	117,200
Slovak	14,580	7,040	7,540	40,535	19,645	20,885
Ukrainian	144,330	69,230	75,105	376,440	181,725	194,715
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	7,290	3,405	3,885	10,330	4,940	5,390
Southern European origins	988,415	488,295	500,120	1,772,160	880,335	891,830
Albanian	17,685	8,940	8,745	25,980	13,085	12,895
Bosnian	6,485	3,150	3,335	14,680	7,255	7,425
Catalan	160	105	60	285	180	110
Croatian	37,460	18,715	18,745	82,220	41,350	40,875
Cypriot	2,620	1,295	1,325	4,400	2,170	2,230
Greek	99,145	49,730	49,410	148,555	74,830	73,720
Italian	484,365	241,940	242,420	931,805	467,100	464,705
Kosovar	485	255	225	1,305	655	650
Macedonian	28,315	14,150	14,165	39,440	19,820	19,625
Maltese	19,440	9,580	9,860	35,255	17,525	17,730
Montenegrin	1,465	700	770	2,545	1,295	1,250
Portuguese	210,425	102,945	107,480	324,930	160,970	163,960
Serbian	33,055	16,630	16,425	66,835	34,035	32,800
Sicilian	1,575	790	780	4,190	2,090	2,100
Slovenian	13,135	6,605	6,530	26,485	13,215	13,275
Spanish	106,690	49,790	56,895	171,145	78,880	92,265
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	6,775	3,280	3,495	20,245	9,785	10,460
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	510	210	300	965	425	540
Other European origins	72,270	36,185	36,085	105,865	53,050	52,820
Basque	815	400	415	1,585	805	780
Jewish	59,195	29,745	29,450	77,280	38,860	38,425
Roma (Gypsy)	1,220	575	645	2,295	1,050	1,245
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	980	525	455	2,065	1,110	955
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	10,520	5,160	5,360	23,290	11,540	11,750
Caribbean origins	346,530	157,300	189,230	462,600	213,660	248,940
Antiguan	2,430	1,075	1,355	3,275	1,480	1,800
Bahamian	1,255	635	615	2,305	1,190	1,115
Barbadian	18,395	8,370	10,030	26,625	12,375	14,250
Bermudan	1,000	470	540	2,010	925	1,085
Carib	1,795	640	1,150	2,295	855	1,440
Cuban	9,290	4,200	5,090	14,490	6,625	7,865
Dominican	6,365	3,035	3,335	9,180	4,420	4,760
Grenadian	12,380	5,330	7,050	14,690	6,420	8,275
Guadeloupean	40	10	30	70	20	50
Haitian	5,150	2,425	2,715	17,715	8,085	9,630
Jamaican	200,330	91,035	109,295	257,060	119,100	137,955
Kittitian/Nevisian	1,855	875	985	2,260	1,090	1,175
Martinican	160	50	105	195	65	125
Montserratan	440	210	230	620	300	325
Puerto Rican	750	400	360	1,495	755	740
St. Lucian	5,405	2,355	3,045	7,170	3,195	3,985
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	44,300	20,370	23,925	59,560	27,850	31,710
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10,290	4,345	5,950	12,155	5,250	6,905
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	46,300	20,555	25,740	56,865	25,380	31,480
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	13,305	5,940	7,365	16,970	7,770	9,195
Latin, Central and South American origins	213,985	100,945	113,030	322,210	153,045	169,165
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	7,115	3,305	3,810	10,795	5,040	5,750
Arawak	710	315	395	1,055	470	585
Argentinian	8,415	4,075	4,335	11,460	5,620	5,840
Belizean	355	170	185	810	395	415
Bolivian	1,325	660	665	1,885	935	955
Brazilian	13,065	6,295	6,780	18,395	8,760	9,635
Chilean	10,435	5,010	5,425	14,625	7,015	7,610
Colombian	24,875	11,890	12,985	40,820	19,345	21,480
Costa Rican	1,770	905	865	2,790	1,380	1,410
Ecuadorian	17,930	8,495	9,440	20,385	9,650	10,735
Guatemalan	5,915	2,850	3,065	10,040	4,870	5,170
Guyanese	57,985	26,585	31,405	73,360	34,050	39,315
Hispanic	3,655	1,780	1,875	5,805	2,790	3,015
Honduran	1,750	810	940	3,360	1,590	1,765
Maya	1,135	555	575	2,500	1,285	1,215
Mexican	19,785	9,185	10,600	43,120	20,735	22,380
Nicaraguan	3,655	1,765	1,890	7,100	3,440	3,665
Panamanian	1,805	775	1,030	2,475	1,125	1,355
Paraguayan	305	140	160	600	280	320
Peruvian	10,665	4,935	5,725	14,780	6,985	7,800
Salvadorean	15,130	7,480	7,650	27,595	13,530	14,070
Uruguayan	3,450	1,770	1,680	4,200	2,150	2,050
Venezuelan	8,260	3,780	4,480	11,750	5,320	6,430
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	9,255	4,505	4,745	14,095	6,745	7,350
African origins	266,640	130,030	136,610	414,095	203,260	210,835
Central and West African origins	58,830	29,030	29,800	85,735	42,745	42,990
Akan	700	395	305	965	540	425
Angolan	1,030	490	535	1,635	815	820
Ashanti	1,070	545	525	1,205	620	585
Beninese	370	190	180	555	280	270
Burkinabe	100	45	55	415	190	225
Cameroonian	2,535	1,250	1,285	4,700	2,330	2,370
Chadian	185	95	90	645	320	325
Congolese	3,985	1,895	2,085	10,425	4,960	5,460
Edo	935	490	445	1,025	545	480
Ewe	160	90	70	180	95	80
Gabonese	45	10	35	170	80	90
Gambian	545	255	295	630	305	330
Ghanaian	20,465	9,735	10,730	24,850	12,060	12,790
Guinean	680	335	340	1,105	550	560
Ibo	1,495	775	720	1,940	1,035	905
Ivorian	615	285	330	1,350	600	745
Liberian	335	140	200	770	365	405
Malian	260	140	125	490	250	240
Malinké	220	105	120	345	160	185
Nigerian	19,330	9,790	9,545	26,560	13,620	12,940
Peulh	60	40	20	135	80	55
Senegalese	535	280	255	1,000	500	495
Sierra Leonean	815	400	415	1,175	585	585
Togolese	315	205	105	670	370	300
Wolof	45	25	25	80	45	35
Yoruba	2,925	1,545	1,375	4,055	2,155	1,900
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	2,895	1,415	1,480	4,745	2,340	2,410
North African origins	53,740	27,655	26,090	86,665	44,970	41,695
Algerian	1,700	835	870	4,065	2,035	2,030
Berber	680	365	315	1,845	985	860
Coptic	1,815	935	885	2,305	1,185	1,120
Dinka	35	25	10	205	110	95
Egyptian	36,340	18,715	17,625	52,845	27,465	25,375
Libyan	1,275	685	600	3,785	2,015	1,760
Maure	235	130	105	290	160	125
Moroccan	8,595	4,440	4,160	12,305	6,310	6,000
Sudanese	3,735	1,825	1,915	8,975	4,600	4,375
Tunisian	1,085	580	505	2,295	1,210	1,085
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	840	450	390	1,755	920	830
Southern and East African origins	80,285	38,330	41,955	128,910	61,680	67,230
Afrikaner	340	175	170	560	285	275
Amhara	500	240	260	720	360	360
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	305	170	135	870	455	415
Burundian	710	385	325	3,105	1,465	1,640
Djiboutian	205	95	115	1,035	460	575
Eritrean	7,625	3,685	3,940	11,870	5,740	6,125
Ethiopian	15,990	7,670	8,325	22,560	10,755	11,800
Harari	460	250	210	475	255	215
Kenyan	3,960	1,830	2,130	5,860	2,780	3,080
Malagasy	180	75	100	430	200	230
Mauritian	2,820	1,465	1,355	3,600	1,830	1,770
Oromo	830	370	460	1,290	610	685
Rwandan	1,105	490	620	3,215	1,380	1,830
Seychellois	165	65	95	350	140	205
Somali	25,550	11,820	13,740	40,995	19,200	21,795
South African	11,950	6,010	5,940	19,760	9,790	9,970
Tanzanian	1,850	925	920	2,610	1,300	1,315
Tigrian	410	210	200	770	395	375
Ugandan	2,010	980	1,030	2,950	1,445	1,505
Zambian	385	195	190	805	410	395
Zimbabwean	1,760	815	945	3,425	1,595	1,830
Zulu	205	100	110	440	225	215
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	5,470	2,415	3,055	8,475	3,900	4,570
Other African origins	77,575	36,805	40,775	119,670	57,245	62,420
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	10,975	4,750	6,220	17,380	7,720	9,660
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	67,415	32,440	34,975	103,560	50,150	53,410
Asian origins	2,437,365	1,181,245	1,256,120	3,100,450	1,506,795	1,593,655
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	330,340	167,015	163,330	523,340	265,615	257,730
Afghan	41,735	20,950	20,780	54,535	27,255	27,280
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	23,205	12,005	11,195	44,705	23,345	21,360
Armenian	21,710	10,545	11,165	29,675	14,570	15,105
Assyrian	7,705	3,955	3,745	12,075	6,140	5,935
Azerbaijani	3,340	1,620	1,720	4,105	1,995	2,110
Georgian	2,390	1,220	1,165	2,815	1,415	1,395
Hazara	515	280	235	680	390	290
Iranian	97,110	48,770	48,345	117,065	58,995	58,065
Iraqi	29,045	14,570	14,480	50,460	25,420	25,035
Israeli	14,490	7,510	6,975	17,080	8,890	8,185
Jordanian	5,325	2,865	2,460	9,660	5,110	4,545
Kazakh	975	445	530	1,325	610	715
Kurd	4,355	2,330	2,025	9,210	4,880	4,330
Kuwaiti	375	215	160	1,510	795	715
Kyrgyz	245	85	160	340	130	210
Lebanese	29,750	15,125	14,625	86,245	43,700	42,545
Palestinian	15,555	8,380	7,170	28,480	15,215	13,270
Pashtun	2,145	1,180	965	3,010	1,635	1,375
Saudi Arabian	1,655	865	785	3,660	1,975	1,685
Syrian	16,150	7,855	8,300	31,440	15,570	15,870
Tajik	1,425	670	755	1,850	880	970
Tatar	1,785	760	1,025	2,135	930	1,205
Turk	23,085	11,685	11,405	34,165	17,340	16,825
Turkmen	405	205	200	695	345	355
Uighur	545	255	290	755	385	375
Uzbek	1,745	870	880	2,400	1,155	1,240
Yemeni	2,530	1,205	1,325	4,225	2,065	2,155
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	10,180	5,245	4,930	16,270	8,395	7,875
South Asian origins	995,125	499,465	495,660	1,182,845	595,480	587,370
Bangladeshi	23,400	11,960	11,435	29,195	14,965	14,230
Bengali	12,515	6,390	6,125	15,235	7,795	7,445
Bhutanese	150	80	65	1,450	710	735
East Indian	643,370	322,810	320,555	774,500	390,015	384,480
Goan	4,040	1,880	2,160	4,775	2,245	2,525
Gujarati	4,980	2,575	2,400	5,915	3,055	2,860
Kashmiri	1,345	690	650	1,795	900	895
Nepali	5,395	2,645	2,745	8,150	4,070	4,080
Pakistani	122,950	62,455	60,490	149,060	75,860	73,200
Punjabi	47,760	24,560	23,205	55,455	28,580	26,875
Sinhalese	4,030	1,970	2,055	5,195	2,545	2,645
Sri Lankan	114,400	55,790	58,615	124,270	60,685	63,585
Tamil	40,115	20,345	19,775	42,760	21,705	21,050
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	49,895	25,275	24,620	58,705	29,705	29,005
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,134,050	525,470	608,580	1,422,890	659,650	763,245
Burmese	2,165	970	1,195	4,420	2,105	2,315
Cambodian (Khmer)	6,430	2,970	3,460	14,655	6,810	7,845
Chinese	700,705	332,650	368,055	849,345	403,280	446,065
Filipino	274,670	118,265	156,405	337,760	144,830	192,930
Hmong	55	25	30	650	340	305
Indonesian	6,120	2,825	3,290	9,325	4,305	5,025
Japanese	28,045	12,350	15,695	41,620	18,530	23,090
Karen	265	115	145	1,645	830	815
Korean	73,385	34,950	38,445	93,420	44,585	48,835
Laotian	4,205	2,080	2,125	9,875	4,865	5,015
Malaysian	5,625	2,660	2,960	7,310	3,370	3,935
Mongolian	1,940	885	1,060	2,940	1,390	1,545
Singaporean	1,070	480	590	1,260	565	700
Taiwanese	7,975	3,625	4,350	10,060	4,595	5,465
Thai	3,390	1,275	2,115	6,865	2,725	4,135
Tibetan	6,015	3,015	3,000	6,365	3,175	3,185
Vietnamese	73,740	34,880	38,865	107,640	51,350	56,290
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	3,400	1,675	1,725	4,375	2,165	2,210
Other Asian origins	10,705	5,285	5,420	13,430	6,575	6,855
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	10,710	5,285	5,420	13,430	6,575	6,855
Oceania origins	9,705	4,915	4,785	20,680	10,435	10,240
Australian	5,925	3,095	2,830	13,315	6,780	6,530
New Zealander	1,945	1,030	915	4,250	2,255	2,000
Pacific Islands origins	2,045	935	1,110	3,490	1,625	1,860
Fijian	1,185	495	690	1,610	665	945
Hawaiian	225	115	115	470	235	240
Maori	200	105	90	485	255	230
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	115	45	70	275	115	165
Samoan	90	45	50	225	140	85
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	340	160	180	555	265	290
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	2,135,910	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
Owner	1,420,360	...	...	3,601,825	...	...
Renter	715,540	...	...	1,559,720	...	...
Band housing	10	...	...	7,635	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	2,135,910	...	...	5,169,170	...	...
Condominium	445,650	...	...	680,495	...	...
Not condominium	1,690,260	...	...	4,488,680	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	2,135,910	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
No bedrooms	24,165	...	...	33,950	...	...
1 bedroom	384,275	...	...	699,980	...	...
2 bedrooms	452,930	...	...	1,122,145	...	...
3 bedrooms	627,365	...	...	1,876,905	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	647,170	...	...	1,436,185	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	2,135,905	...	...	5,169,170	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	751,950	...	...	1,369,660	...	...
5 rooms	290,215	...	...	718,020	...	...
6 rooms	278,975	...	...	770,730	...	...
7 rooms	249,710	...	...	713,595	...	...
8 or more rooms	565,055	...	...	1,597,165	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.9	...	...	6.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	2,135,910	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,042,675	...	...	5,046,810	...	...
More than 1 person per room	93,235	...	...	122,360	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	2,135,905	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
Suitable	1,930,485	...	...	4,858,170	...	...
Not suitable	205,420	...	...	311,005	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	2,135,910	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
1960 or before	437,615	...	...	1,293,135	...	...
1961 to 1980	566,970	...	...	1,449,585	...	...
1981 to 1990	300,455	...	...	709,135	...	...
1991 to 2000	268,320	...	...	622,565	...	...
2001 to 2005	198,705	...	...	396,130	...	...
2006 to 2010	185,715	...	...	368,235	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	178,125	...	...	330,390	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	2,135,910	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	2,019,695	...	...	4,851,335	...	...
Major repairs needed	116,215	...	...	317,840	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	2,135,910	...	...	5,169,170	...	...
1 household maintainer	1,205,800	...	...	2,962,065	...	...
2 household maintainers	841,650	...	...	2,059,710	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	88,460	...	...	147,400	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	2,135,905	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
15 to 24 years	48,555	...	...	135,835	...	...
25 to 34 years	296,125	...	...	681,685	...	...
35 to 44 years	406,810	...	...	880,070	...	...
45 to 54 years	497,290	...	...	1,113,885	...	...
55 to 64 years	414,985	...	...	1,047,185	...	...
65 to 74 years	264,505	...	...	738,445	...	...
75 to 84 years	149,385	...	...	414,210	...	...
85 years and over	58,260	...	...	157,860	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	2,130,850	...	...	5,106,290	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,418,495	...	...	3,694,385	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	712,350	...	...	1,411,900	...	...
30% to less than 100%	589,435	...	...	1,208,010	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,418,695	...	...	3,557,485	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	63.2	...	...	61.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	26.7	...	...	19.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,655	...	...	1,299	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,755	...	...	1,463	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	647,648	...	...	400,496	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	734,924	...	...	506,409	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	715,420	...	...	1,554,940	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	14.6	...	...	15.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	46.9	...	...	45.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,207	...	...	1,045	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,264	...	...	1,109	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,900	11,038,440	5,342,755	5,695,685
No certificate, diploma or degree	794,735	377,800	416,930	1,935,355	961,690	973,670
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	1,262,345	621,135	641,215	3,026,100	1,485,320	1,540,770
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,822,010	1,346,255	1,475,755	6,076,985	2,895,745	3,181,235
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	216,485	144,375	72,110	664,180	471,055	193,120
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	116,425	69,165	47,260	324,370	199,510	124,855
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	100,065	75,215	24,850	339,810	271,545	68,260
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	844,670	369,815	474,855	2,298,715	981,785	1,316,930
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	134,705	60,270	74,435	242,005	107,065	134,945
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,626,155	771,800	854,355	2,872,085	1,335,845	1,536,250
Bachelor's degree	1,075,760	494,850	580,905	1,911,530	854,135	1,057,395
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	107,255	49,015	58,245	189,370	83,670	105,695
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	44,785	22,370	22,420	79,760	42,295	37,460
Master's degree	350,785	176,595	174,185	593,645	294,180	299,470
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	47,570	28,965	18,600	97,790	61,560	36,230
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	3,288,690	1,578,640	1,710,055	7,229,120	3,498,620	3,730,495
No certificate, diploma or degree	316,395	160,105	156,295	752,995	404,770	348,225
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	718,855	360,435	358,420	1,768,955	895,020	873,935
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,253,435	1,058,095	1,195,340	4,707,165	2,198,830	2,508,335
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	147,990	97,935	50,050	446,390	315,975	130,420
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	79,985	47,200	32,785	218,980	134,685	84,295
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	68,005	50,740	17,270	227,410	181,290	46,120
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	660,375	288,290	372,080	1,782,530	762,505	1,020,030
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	101,090	44,915	56,180	170,925	75,935	94,995
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,343,990	626,960	717,030	2,307,320	1,044,420	1,262,895
Bachelor's degree	876,470	399,455	477,015	1,519,850	668,450	851,400
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	87,155	38,320	48,835	148,960	62,370	86,590
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	36,605	17,060	19,545	63,790	30,895	32,895
Master's degree	306,310	150,595	155,715	500,415	239,160	261,255
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	37,445	21,525	15,920	74,310	43,545	30,765
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,900	11,038,440	5,342,755	5,695,685
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	2,057,085	998,935	1,058,145	4,961,455	2,447,010	2,514,445
Education	143,825	29,335	114,490	349,745	79,245	270,505
13. Education	143,825	29,335	114,490	349,750	79,245	270,505
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	138,915	62,540	76,375	246,075	109,955	136,120
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	18,065	13,420	4,645	38,745	28,735	10,010
50. Visual and performing arts	120,850	49,120	71,735	207,325	81,220	126,110
Humanities	190,960	67,430	123,535	359,560	133,350	226,210
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	22,465	4,895	17,570	37,900	8,170	29,730
23. English language and literature/letters	53,980	15,275	38,705	98,440	28,290	70,145
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	57,545	19,230	38,315	95,345	32,940	62,410
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	925	420	505	2,165	805	1,365
38. Philosophy and religious studies	12,380	6,900	5,485	24,255	13,425	10,830
39. Theology and religious vocations	10,235	6,460	3,765	28,175	17,120	11,055
54. History	26,685	13,230	13,455	57,295	30,015	27,280
55. French language and literature/letters	6,750	1,015	5,735	15,990	2,590	13,400
Social and behavioural sciences and law	404,445	141,120	263,325	810,410	269,735	540,670
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	5,520	1,040	4,480	10,765	2,210	8,560
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	44,435	17,305	27,130	81,500	31,825	49,675
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	57,210	5,340	51,870	141,750	11,775	129,975
22. Legal professions and studies	69,375	26,940	42,430	128,860	45,275	83,590
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	6,765	1,550	5,220	16,210	3,400	12,815
42. Psychology	56,380	13,470	42,905	122,545	29,640	92,905
45. Social sciences	164,760	75,470	89,290	308,775	145,620	163,155
Business, management and public administration	683,170	305,955	377,210	1,279,665	527,085	752,580
30.16 Accounting and computer science	1,380	525	855	2,725	895	1,830
44. Public administration and social service professions	41,330	8,545	32,785	108,935	21,405	87,530
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	640,460	296,885	343,575	1,168,005	504,780	663,225
Physical and life sciences and technologies	135,195	63,275	71,920	253,905	124,050	129,850
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	56,780	22,320	34,460	110,950	45,120	65,835
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	33,525	14,700	18,820	54,745	24,800	29,945
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	2,425	770	1,655	3,830	1,190	2,640
40. Physical sciences	37,715	23,855	13,860	72,355	48,145	24,205
41. Science technologies/technicians	4,745	1,620	3,125	12,025	4,795	7,235
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	167,300	108,360	58,945	290,045	185,310	104,730
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	129,355	88,860	40,490	220,550	150,765	69,790
25. Library science	5,930	975	4,950	15,220	2,450	12,770
27. Mathematics and statistics	29,330	16,665	12,665	49,025	28,515	20,515
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	2,690	1,845	840	5,235	3,580	1,655
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	483,705	417,195	66,510	1,173,030	1,055,050	117,985
04. Architecture and related services	30,785	19,780	11,000	51,845	34,590	17,265
14. Engineering	209,840	167,090	42,755	334,085	271,010	63,070
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	82,390	74,000	8,390	237,775	214,500	23,275
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	105	25	75	160	30	125
46. Construction trades	62,875	61,525	1,345	198,790	194,555	4,235
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	64,895	63,235	1,660	225,860	220,545	5,315
48. Precision production	32,825	31,545	1,280	124,515	119,820	4,695
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	31,395	16,880	14,510	106,895	67,015	39,880
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	18,615	10,510	8,105	66,035	41,790	24,240
03. Natural resources and conservation	12,775	6,370	6,410	40,860	25,230	15,635
Health and related fields	329,520	79,140	250,380	865,970	173,780	692,185
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	27,935	14,250	13,685	75,715	37,005	38,705
51. Health professions and related programs	289,225	58,445	230,780	767,680	124,280	643,400
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	12,370	6,450	5,920	22,575	12,490	10,075
Personal, protective and transportation services	113,240	54,930	58,315	340,285	170,915	169,375
12. Personal and culinary services	69,505	21,485	48,025	183,925	49,390	134,535
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	400	355	45	2,135	1,815	320
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	545	510	30	2,610	2,385	225
43. Security and protective services	27,635	19,200	8,440	98,325	68,625	29,695
49. Transportation and materials moving	15,155	13,380	1,775	53,290	48,695	4,595
Other	335	95	235	1,405	260	1,145
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	335	100	235	1,405	255	1,145
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	3,288,690	1,578,640	1,710,050	7,229,120	3,498,625	3,730,500
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	1,035,250	520,540	514,710	2,521,950	1,299,790	1,222,160
Education	105,195	20,910	84,285	243,635	52,670	190,965
13. Education	105,195	20,910	84,285	243,635	52,670	190,965
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	111,390	50,080	61,305	192,630	85,175	107,450
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	13,840	10,300	3,535	28,705	21,070	7,635
50. Visual and performing arts	97,550	39,775	57,770	163,925	64,105	99,815
Humanities	148,140	50,890	97,255	266,665	95,805	170,855
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	17,660	3,540	14,120	29,210	5,775	23,435
23. English language and literature/letters	41,970	11,575	30,395	73,110	20,225	52,885
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	45,505	14,730	30,775	72,145	24,330	47,815
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	740	345	390	1,665	615	1,045
38. Philosophy and religious studies	9,615	5,405	4,205	17,755	9,925	7,830
39. Theology and religious vocations	7,505	4,705	2,800	19,390	11,790	7,605
54. History	20,195	9,940	10,250	42,315	21,735	20,585
55. French language and literature/letters	4,965	635	4,325	11,075	1,415	9,655
Social and behavioural sciences and law	328,240	111,705	216,530	648,285	207,200	441,085
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	4,530	880	3,645	8,630	1,785	6,845
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	36,715	14,295	22,425	67,115	26,015	41,105
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	44,120	3,755	40,370	111,550	8,405	103,145
22. Legal professions and studies	58,950	20,950	38,000	108,895	34,250	74,650
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	5,295	1,275	4,020	12,875	2,705	10,170
42. Psychology	44,300	10,030	34,270	93,770	21,045	72,725
45. Social sciences	134,325	60,520	73,810	245,445	113,000	132,445
Business, management and public administration	564,595	248,210	316,390	1,026,975	414,425	612,550
30.16 Accounting and computer science	1,160	430	735	2,225	715	1,510
44. Public administration and social service professions	33,415	6,830	26,585	88,130	16,590	71,540
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	530,015	240,955	289,060	936,620	397,120	539,500
Physical and life sciences and technologies	103,055	46,585	56,475	190,235	88,535	101,700
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	43,415	16,535	26,875	84,580	33,150	51,425
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25,865	11,000	14,865	41,255	18,020	23,240
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	1,995	655	1,335	3,135	975	2,165
40. Physical sciences	28,260	17,290	10,970	52,490	33,175	19,310
41. Science technologies/technicians	3,535	1,110	2,430	8,775	3,215	5,555
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	148,790	96,820	51,970	252,275	162,360	89,915
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	118,355	81,355	37,000	198,775	136,120	62,655
25. Library science	4,220	735	3,485	10,755	1,765	8,995
27. Mathematics and statistics	23,830	13,135	10,700	38,160	21,440	16,720
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	2,380	1,595	790	4,580	3,030	1,550
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	373,050	316,715	56,335	878,300	779,075	99,225
04. Architecture and related services	25,325	15,870	9,455	42,115	27,365	14,745
14. Engineering	171,640	134,400	37,240	266,040	211,240	54,800
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	61,555	55,085	6,465	178,830	160,160	18,675
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	95	20	75	140	25	115
46. Construction trades	45,310	44,305	1,000	141,515	138,160	3,360
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	47,060	45,880	1,170	162,855	158,770	4,080
48. Precision production	22,075	21,155	915	86,805	83,355	3,450
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	24,915	12,845	12,070	82,775	49,710	33,065
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	14,535	7,740	6,800	50,160	30,065	20,095
03. Natural resources and conservation	10,375	5,105	5,270	32,615	19,650	12,965
Health and related fields	260,215	62,080	198,135	664,880	133,665	531,220
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	21,080	10,715	10,365	58,160	27,950	30,205
51. Health professions and related programs	229,345	46,565	182,780	589,085	96,720	492,365
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	9,790	4,795	4,990	17,640	8,990	8,645
Personal, protective and transportation services	85,575	41,185	44,390	259,400	129,985	129,415
12. Personal and culinary services	52,095	15,715	36,385	137,250	36,225	101,030
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	285	245	40	1,685	1,405	280
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	255	240	15	1,415	1,270	145
43. Security and protective services	20,920	14,315	6,605	77,190	52,840	24,345
49. Transportation and materials moving	12,015	10,670	1,345	41,855	38,245	3,610
Other	285	80	205	1,125	220	900
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	285	75	210	1,125	225	900
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,905	11,038,440	5,342,755	5,695,685
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,057,080	998,935	1,058,145	4,961,460	2,447,010	2,514,445
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	2,822,010	1,346,255	1,475,760	6,076,985	2,895,745	3,181,240
Location of study inside Canada	1,913,405	904,105	1,009,300	4,786,950	2,261,260	2,525,690
Same as province or territory of residence	1,765,910	831,915	934,000	4,414,485	2,081,525	2,332,960
Different than province or territory of residence	147,495	72,195	75,305	372,470	179,735	192,730
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	908,605	442,150	466,460	1,290,035	634,485	655,545
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	83,885	46,165	37,725	167,260	89,350	77,910
Philippines	96,085	33,600	62,485	115,410	39,750	75,655
India	142,155	71,730	70,420	169,340	85,500	83,840
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	59,990	33,500	26,490	115,690	66,215	49,470
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	78,940	37,355	41,580	98,415	46,230	52,185
France	6,680	3,625	3,055	10,775	5,800	4,975
Other	440,875	216,165	224,710	613,145	301,635	311,510
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	3,288,690	1,578,635	1,710,055	7,229,120	3,498,620	3,730,500
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,035,250	520,540	514,715	2,521,955	1,299,795	1,222,160
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	2,253,435	1,058,100	1,195,340	4,707,170	2,198,830	2,508,335
Location of study inside Canada	1,525,890	713,690	812,200	3,713,145	1,728,610	1,984,540
Same as province or territory of residence	1,408,565	656,055	752,510	3,432,015	1,593,170	1,838,850
Different than province or territory of residence	117,325	57,635	59,690	281,130	135,440	145,690
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	727,550	344,405	383,140	994,025	470,225	523,800
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	66,805	35,720	31,085	127,005	65,045	61,960
Philippines	81,210	27,965	53,245	97,230	32,925	64,300
India	122,145	59,885	62,265	143,205	70,040	73,175
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	37,190	20,385	16,805	62,325	34,315	28,010
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	66,635	31,040	35,595	82,020	37,900	44,125
France	5,615	3,030	2,590	8,705	4,630	4,070
Other	347,945	166,390	181,555	473,530	225,365	248,160
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,900	11,038,440	5,342,755	5,695,680
In the labour force	3,234,350	1,670,030	1,564,315	7,141,675	3,689,625	3,452,055
Employed	2,984,990	1,546,745	1,438,250	6,612,150	3,414,255	3,197,895
Unemployed	249,360	123,290	126,070	529,525	275,370	254,160
Not in the labour force	1,644,740	675,160	969,585	3,896,765	1,653,130	2,243,630
Participation rate	66.3	71.2	61.7	64.7	69.1	60.6
Employment rate	61.2	66.0	56.8	59.9	63.9	56.1
Unemployment rate	7.7	7.4	8.1	7.4	7.5	7.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,905	11,038,440	5,342,755	5,695,685
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	1,592,740	654,475	938,270	3,696,235	1,561,475	2,134,755
Worked	3,286,350	1,690,715	1,595,635	7,342,205	3,781,280	3,560,925
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	1,694,705	941,950	752,765	3,837,565	2,148,635	1,688,935
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	1,591,645	748,775	842,875	3,504,645	1,632,645	1,871,995
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.6	43.3	41.9	42.9	43.4	42.3
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	3,234,350	1,670,035	1,564,320	7,141,675	3,689,625	3,452,055
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,210	41,705	48,505	171,050	81,735	89,315
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,325	1,515,815	6,970,625	3,607,890	3,362,735
Employee	2,744,970	1,368,035	1,376,935	6,146,035	3,084,740	3,061,295
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	399,170	260,290	138,885	824,595	523,145	301,445
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	3,234,355	1,670,030	1,564,320	7,141,675	3,689,625	3,452,050
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,215	41,710	48,505	171,045	81,735	89,315
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,325	1,515,815	6,970,625	3,607,890	3,362,735
0 Management occupations	376,890	228,640	148,255	790,880	483,240	307,635
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	576,955	203,575	373,375	1,124,770	357,215	767,555
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	269,965	206,395	63,570	516,110	399,195	116,915
3 Health occupations	173,475	41,565	131,915	447,045	90,495	356,550
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	357,990	109,080	248,905	831,340	265,075	566,265
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	127,395	62,535	64,855	225,720	104,445	121,275
6 Sales and service occupations	735,270	338,725	396,550	1,632,085	709,375	922,710
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	351,740	327,065	24,675	927,820	866,870	60,950
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	24,245	19,360	4,885	113,405	88,150	25,260
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	150,215	91,390	58,825	361,455	243,835	117,620
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	3,234,350	1,670,035	1,564,315	7,141,675	3,689,625	3,452,050
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,210	41,710	48,505	171,050	81,730	89,315
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,320	1,515,815	6,970,625	3,607,890	3,362,735
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	9,410	5,515	3,890	102,070	67,005	35,070
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	4,500	3,110	1,395	32,340	27,920	4,415
22 Utilities	15,860	10,905	4,955	50,820	38,195	12,630
23 Construction	191,430	166,670	24,750	476,835	419,600	57,230
31-33 Manufacturing	285,825	188,490	97,335	683,335	482,800	200,530
41 Wholesale trade	143,725	88,880	54,845	270,745	178,945	91,800
44-45 Retail trade	338,675	161,855	176,820	783,540	367,175	416,365
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	168,165	123,115	45,050	329,240	242,045	87,190
51 Information and cultural industries	106,940	61,970	44,970	176,715	101,045	75,670
52 Finance and insurance	247,475	118,710	128,760	380,765	169,590	211,180
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	82,665	44,590	38,075	144,275	77,385	66,890
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	339,305	191,155	148,150	567,825	316,685	251,140
55 Management of companies and enterprises	8,680	3,615	5,065	12,365	5,290	7,075
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	162,185	89,190	72,995	338,640	190,210	148,430
61 Educational services	229,025	70,820	158,200	528,470	163,680	364,795
62 Health care and social assistance	287,975	58,110	229,865	754,555	134,270	620,275
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	63,745	33,560	30,185	147,425	75,330	72,095
72 Accommodation and food services	204,315	93,560	110,760	478,070	201,260	276,805
81 Other services (except public administration)	134,570	56,235	78,335	296,960	133,220	163,745
91 Public administration	119,675	58,255	61,415	415,635	216,250	199,385
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	2,984,990	1,546,745	1,438,245	6,612,150	3,414,255	3,197,900
Worked at home	218,365	111,020	107,345	480,290	242,495	237,795
Worked outside Canada	19,580	13,225	6,350	39,145	25,995	13,150
No fixed workplace address	346,205	246,815	99,395	736,715	536,140	200,570
Worked at usual place	2,400,845	1,175,685	1,225,160	5,355,995	2,609,620	2,746,375
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	2,400,850	1,175,685	1,225,160	5,356,000	2,609,625	2,746,375
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,353,665	614,770	738,890	3,109,070	1,418,260	1,690,810
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	243,620	119,725	123,890	857,565	419,960	437,605
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	798,155	437,940	360,215	1,350,375	749,770	600,605
Commute to a different province or territory	5,410	3,250	2,160	38,990	21,630	17,355
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	2,747,050	1,422,500	1,324,550	6,092,710	3,145,765	2,946,945
Car, truck, van - as a driver	1,714,795	982,905	731,890	4,375,215	2,392,270	1,982,945
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	154,360	56,295	98,065	372,480	151,880	220,600
Public transit	667,255	281,110	386,145	888,920	376,690	512,235
Walked	144,135	64,380	79,750	320,015	143,885	176,130
Bicycle	39,320	24,920	14,395	75,460	50,200	25,260
Other method	27,190	12,890	14,300	60,620	30,835	29,785
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	2,747,050	1,422,500	1,324,550	6,092,715	3,145,765	2,946,950
Less than 15 minutes	391,400	177,910	213,490	1,463,845	675,540	788,310
15 to 29 minutes	783,980	398,445	385,535	1,964,690	991,525	973,165
30 to 44 minutes	726,575	394,790	331,790	1,295,375	706,155	589,225
45 to 59 minutes	372,095	198,325	173,770	612,415	336,090	276,325
60 minutes and over	473,000	253,030	219,970	756,385	436,455	319,930
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	2,747,055	1,422,500	1,324,555	6,092,715	3,145,765	2,946,950
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	158,945	113,980	44,970	413,515	296,265	117,245
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	416,640	250,560	166,080	1,039,255	640,810	398,445
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	699,920	339,560	360,360	1,571,230	778,100	793,130
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	649,740	299,940	349,800	1,354,870	577,565	777,310
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	404,420	192,285	212,135	740,330	328,410	411,920
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	417,380	226,175	191,205	973,515	524,620	448,895
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	3,404,195	1,747,775	1,656,415	7,579,085	3,895,880	3,683,200
Single responses	3,323,390	1,708,945	1,614,450	7,434,675	3,828,665	3,606,015
Official languages	3,230,665	1,659,815	1,570,850	7,319,360	3,767,405	3,551,955
English	3,218,730	1,656,605	1,562,120	7,225,210	3,732,550	3,492,655
French	11,940	3,210	8,725	94,145	34,850	59,295
Non-official languages	92,725	49,125	43,600	115,320	61,255	54,060
Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	1,485	765	715
Algonquian languages	0	0	10	1,420	745	675
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	10	370	220	150
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	10	0	0	0	0	10
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	360	215	145
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	1,050	525	525
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	10	495	235	265
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	545	290	260
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	25	0	20
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	25	10	20
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	25	10	20
Cayuga	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mohawk	0	0	0	20	10	10
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	92,715	49,125	43,590	113,835	60,490	53,340
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,865	1,065	805	3,305	1,995	1,310
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	100	45	60	125	45	80
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	15	10	0	15	10	10
Somali	85	30	55	110	35	70
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,755	1,020	735	3,175	1,955	1,225
Amharic	55	20	35	75	30	45
Arabic	1,165	760	405	2,430	1,605	825
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	110	75	30	145	110	40
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	10	0	35	20	15
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	360	115	245	395	140	260
Maltese	25	15	0	20	15	10
Tigrigna	45	25	20	60	30	25
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	10	10	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,780	740	1,045	2,575	1,065	1,510
Khmer (Cambodian)	45	30	25	95	50	50
Vietnamese	1,735	715	1,025	2,480	1,015	1,465
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,105	415	690	1,280	495	790
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	10	15	25	10	15
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	15	0	10	10	10	0
Ilocano	35	15	20	40	20	20
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	40	15	20	55	20	30
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	990	370	615	1,145	435	705
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	10	0	10
Creole languages	25	20	10	60	35	30
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	15	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	20	15	10	50	25	20
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	10	10	0
Dravidian languages	1,910	905	1,000	1,980	945	1,035
Kannada	10	0	0	10	0	10
Malayalam	55	30	30	75	45	30
Tamil	1,815	870	945	1,870	900	975
Telugu	35	0	25	35	10	20
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	27,005	14,870	12,135	38,960	21,375	17,580
Albanian	210	125	85	275	170	105
Armenian	140	65	70	145	75	75
Balto-Slavic languages	5,315	2,575	2,745	6,655	3,165	3,495
Baltic languages	55	20	30	70	25	40
Latvian	10	10	10	20	10	10
Lithuanian	45	15	30	45	20	25
Slavic languages	5,260	2,550	2,710	6,595	3,135	3,455
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	45	30	10	100	55	40
Bulgarian	115	75	40	120	85	40
Croatian	95	55	35	155	100	50
Czech	15	10	10	25	20	10
Macedonian	80	35	40	85	35	45
Polish	1,490	800	690	1,925	960	960
Russian	2,515	1,095	1,415	2,905	1,240	1,670
Serbian	160	110	55	390	240	145
Serbo-Croatian	20	10	0	20	10	10
Slovak	45	30	15	55	40	20
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	10	15	0	10
Ukrainian	680	290	390	780	320	460
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	10	10	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Germanic languages	380	145	230	6,905	3,655	3,250
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	20	0	10	30	15	20
Dutch	60	40	25	790	425	365
Frisian	0	0	0	25	20	10
German	240	70	165	5,690	3,005	2,690
Icelandic	10	0	0	0	10	0
Norwegian	10	10	0	30	10	20
Swedish	20	10	15	55	15	35
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	10	0	10	10	10
Yiddish	20	10	10	20	0	20
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	240	155	80
Greek	340	190	155	405	240	165
Indo-Iranian languages	10,855	6,035	4,815	11,880	6,560	5,315
Indo-Aryan languages	8,405	4,500	3,905	9,205	4,900	4,310
Bengali	300	145	155	335	160	170
Gujarati	615	210	405	730	255	475
Hindi	740	355	385	800	380	415
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	10	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	10	15	30	10	20
Nepali	60	20	35	80	30	50
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5,635	3,250	2,385	6,025	3,480	2,550
Sindhi	20	10	15	20	10	15
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	20	15	10	30	15	10
Urdu	985	480	505	1,150	555	600
Iranian languages	2,445	1,535	910	2,660	1,655	1,005
Kurdish	85	75	10	105	95	15
Pashto	10	10	10	20	10	15
Persian (Farsi)	2,350	1,460	890	2,530	1,555	975
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Italic (Romance) languages	9,760	5,730	4,030	12,680	7,505	5,170
Catalan	10	0	0	10	0	10
Italian	775	415	355	945	505	445
Portuguese	5,070	3,365	1,705	5,815	3,865	1,950
Romanian	245	105	140	300	140	160
Spanish	3,660	1,840	1,820	5,590	2,985	2,605
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Japanese	775	250	520	1,010	360	655
Kartvelian languages	10	10	10	15	0	10
Georgian	10	10	10	15	0	10
Korean	4,265	2,155	2,105	4,945	2,505	2,445
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	70	35	35	120	55	65
Akan (Twi)	15	0	15	20	0	20
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ganda	20	15	10	25	15	15
Igbo	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	10	0	20	10	0
Wolof	0	0	0	10	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	10	10	0	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	20	20	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	350	140	210	810	295	515
American Sign Language	245	80	170	575	170	410
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sign languages, n.i.e	110	65	45	225	130	100
Sino-Tibetan languages	52,745	28,050	24,695	57,620	30,735	26,890
Chinese languages	52,700	28,020	24,675	57,535	30,690	26,840
Cantonese	25,335	13,205	12,130	26,955	14,190	12,770
Hakka	35	10	25	30	10	25
Mandarin	26,135	14,210	11,930	29,090	15,730	13,360
Min Dong	25	15	10	30	15	10
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	220	145	75	250	155	90
Wu (Shanghainese)	30	20	10	35	20	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	910	420	490	1,145	565	580
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	50	30	20	90	50	45
Burmese	10	0	0	10	10	10
Karenic languages	0	0	0	30	10	20
Tibetan	40	25	15	45	30	15
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	70	30	40	235	95	145
Lao	10	0	10	80	40	35
Thai	65	30	30	160	55	105
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	415	285	130	465	315	150
Azerbaijani	10	10	0	15	15	0
Turkish	400	270	130	440	295	140
Uyghur	0	10	0	10	10	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	10	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	305	140	165	420	205	220
Estonian	50	15	35	45	10	35
Finnish	45	10	35	75	25	50
Hungarian	220	125	95	295	165	130
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	10	0	10
Multiple responses	80,805	38,835	41,970	144,405	67,215	77,185
English and French	16,405	6,285	10,115	63,665	26,760	36,900
English and non-official language	63,155	31,990	31,165	78,240	39,330	38,910
French and non-official language	85	45	40	175	75	100
English, French and non-official language	1,160	510	645	2,325	1,055	1,270
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	3,404,200	1,747,780	1,656,420	7,579,080	3,895,880	3,683,200
None	3,137,830	1,614,155	1,523,680	6,975,415	3,605,485	3,369,930
English	44,560	21,510	23,050	109,150	48,930	60,220
French	47,885	20,415	27,475	260,050	118,655	141,395
Non-official language	169,430	89,575	79,855	226,490	119,130	107,360
Aboriginal	155	50	105	5,970	2,480	3,490
Non-Aboriginal	169,270	89,525	79,750	220,520	116,650	103,870
English and French	85	45	45	245	100	150
English and non-official language	1,225	585	640	1,620	780	845
French and non-official language	3,160	1,480	1,675	6,080	2,780	3,300
English, French and non-official language	25	20	0	35	25	10
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	5,802,555	2,819,345	2,983,215	13,106,990	6,403,470	6,703,520
Non-movers	5,070,300	2,459,065	2,611,235	11,475,985	5,603,290	5,872,695
Movers	732,260	360,275	371,980	1,631,005	800,180	830,820
Non-migrants	433,235	212,190	221,040	941,380	460,170	481,210
Migrants	299,025	148,080	150,940	689,625	340,015	349,610
Internal migrants	194,570	96,145	98,430	535,180	263,055	272,120
Intraprovincial migrants	168,510	83,115	85,395	467,890	229,080	238,810
Interprovincial migrants	26,065	13,030	13,030	67,290	33,980	33,315
External migrants	104,455	51,940	52,515	154,445	76,955	77,490
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	5,553,650	2,691,730	2,861,915	12,546,040	6,116,715	6,429,325
Non-movers	3,411,530	1,646,850	1,764,680	7,887,825	3,845,945	4,041,880
Movers	2,142,120	1,044,880	1,097,235	4,658,215	2,270,770	2,387,445
Non-migrants	1,174,140	570,770	603,370	2,545,875	1,238,055	1,307,820
Migrants	967,975	474,110	493,860	2,112,340	1,032,710	1,079,630
Internal migrants	577,355	282,680	294,680	1,562,375	761,630	800,740
Intraprovincial migrants	510,305	250,225	260,080	1,380,900	672,540	708,360
Interprovincial migrants	67,050	32,450	34,600	181,480	89,090	92,390
External migrants	390,620	191,435	199,185	549,965	271,080	278,885