Census Profile, 2016 Census
Calgary [Census metropolitan area], Alberta and Montréal [Census metropolitan area], Quebec

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Calgary Alberta [Census metropolitan area]			Montréal Quebec [Census metropolitan area]
	Data quality , Calgary [Census metropolitan area], Alberta  Map : Calgary [Census metropolitan area], Alberta Change geography 1			Data quality : Montréal [Census metropolitan area], Quebec  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	1,392,609	...	...	4,098,927	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	1,214,839	...	...	3,934,078r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	14.6	...	...	4.2	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	544,870	...	...	1,823,281	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	519,693	...	...	1,727,310	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	272.5	...	...	890.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	5,110.21	...	...	4,604.26	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	1,392,610	695,130	697,480	4,098,925	2,000,935	2,097,990
0 to 14 years	261,455	134,160	127,295	691,345	353,270	338,075
0 to 4 years	89,105	45,740	43,365	231,320	118,405	112,920
5 to 9 years	91,800	47,295	44,510	242,610	124,075	118,535
10 to 14 years	80,545	41,125	39,420	217,415	110,795	106,620
15 to 64 years	978,150	490,645	487,505	2,735,890	1,356,315	1,379,575
15 to 19 years	79,480	40,845	38,635	225,345	114,530	110,815
20 to 24 years	86,685	44,005	42,680	271,635	136,530	135,105
25 to 29 years	109,505	54,295	55,210	270,735	134,135	136,600
30 to 34 years	121,380	60,440	60,940	279,175	136,275	142,905
35 to 39 years	112,890	55,980	56,905	295,330	145,080	150,255
40 to 44 years	105,290	52,705	52,585	276,490	137,505	138,985
45 to 49 years	98,845	50,050	48,800	277,560	138,805	138,755
50 to 54 years	97,860	48,970	48,890	303,980	152,325	151,660
55 to 59 years	92,715	46,440	46,275	291,385	143,585	147,805
60 to 64 years	73,495	36,915	36,580	244,235	117,550	126,690
65 years and over	153,005	70,325	82,680	671,690	291,345	380,345
65 to 69 years	55,100	27,040	28,060	210,080	98,390	111,690
70 to 74 years	35,250	16,940	18,310	162,985	74,565	88,420
75 to 79 years	24,900	11,275	13,625	118,450	51,740	66,710
80 to 84 years	18,705	8,165	10,540	89,460	36,985	52,470
85 years and over	19,055	6,910	12,145	90,720	29,665	61,060
85 to 89 years	12,215	4,835	7,380	58,055	21,025	37,030
90 to 94 years	5,230	1,690	3,535	25,420	7,160	18,260
95 to 99 years	1,440	360	1,080	6,285	1,350	4,935
100 years and over	165	25	145	965	130	830
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	18.8	19.3	18.3	16.9	17.7	16.1
15 to 64 years	70.2	70.6	69.9	66.7	67.8	65.8
65 years and over	11.0	10.1	11.9	16.4	14.6	18.1
85 years and over	1.4	1.0	1.7	2.2	1.5	2.9
Average age of the population	37.4	36.8	38.0	40.6	39.5	41.6
Median age of the population	36.6	36.2	37.0	40.3	39.3	41.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	519,695	...	...	1,727,310	...	...
Single-detached house	302,795	...	...	564,230	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	32,925	...	...	151,365	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	181,450	...	...	1,007,340	...	...
Semi-detached house	33,085	...	...	86,460	...	...
Row house	49,205	...	...	56,770	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	22,075	...	...	146,085	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	76,785	...	...	711,775	...	...
Other single-attached house	300	...	...	6,255	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	2,525	...	...	4,380	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	519,690	...	...	1,727,310	...	...
1 person	122,265	...	...	570,285	...	...
2 persons	169,020	...	...	551,270	...	...
3 persons	87,740	...	...	257,130	...	...
4 persons	86,055	...	...	231,025	...	...
5 or more persons	54,610	...	...	117,600	...	...
Number of persons in private households	1,374,655	...	...	4,009,790	...	...
Average household size	2.6	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	1,131,155	560,970	570,185	3,407,580	1,647,665	1,759,915
Married or living common law	677,550	339,600	337,945	1,845,335	925,190	920,145
Married	575,690	288,535	287,160	1,226,235	613,925	612,315
Living common law	101,855	51,070	50,785	619,100	311,270	307,830
Not married and not living common law	453,610	221,365	232,240	1,562,240	722,470	839,775
Never married	319,635	175,235	144,400	1,077,075	569,720	507,355
Separated	24,765	10,830	13,940	58,740	24,795	33,945
Divorced	68,000	26,635	41,365	245,625	91,055	154,570
Widowed	41,205	8,670	32,535	180,805	36,900	143,910
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	381,845	...	...	1,101,980	...	...
2 persons	175,305	...	...	539,635	...	...
3 persons	85,150	...	...	244,885	...	...
4 persons	85,540	...	...	224,230	...	...
5 or more persons	35,845	...	...	93,225	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	381,850	...	...	1,101,985	...	...
Total couple families	329,420	...	...	898,085	...	...
Married couples	278,500	...	...	588,970	...	...
Common-law couples	50,915	...	...	309,115	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	52,430	...	...	203,895	...	...
Female parent	40,670	...	...	158,625	...	...
Male parent	11,760	...	...	45,270	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	329,415	...	...	898,090	...	...
Couples without children	143,105	...	...	413,795	...	...
Couples with children	186,315	...	...	484,290	...	...
1 child	70,125	...	...	185,880	...	...
2 children	81,655	...	...	209,465	...	...
3 or more children	34,530	...	...	88,950	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	52,430	...	...	203,895	...	...
1 child	32,200	...	...	125,840	...	...
2 children	15,030	...	...	59,010	...	...
3 or more children	5,200	...	...	19,045	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	235,085	120,495	114,590	802,100	385,725	416,380
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	519,695	...	...	1,727,310	...	...
One-census-family households	352,095	...	...	1,065,055	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	130,885	...	...	399,960	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	221,205	...	...	665,095	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	14,340	...	...	18,140	...	...
Non-census-family households	153,265	...	...	644,110	...	...
One-person households	122,265	...	...	570,285	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	30,995	...	...	73,825	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	1,381,340	689,610	691,730	4,053,355	1,982,260	2,071,100
English only	1,249,525	630,300	619,225	286,275	143,255	143,025
French only	1,270	555	715	1,472,060	662,855	809,205
English and French	100,425	46,430	54,000	2,231,540	1,150,975	1,080,565
Neither English nor French	30,125	12,325	17,795	63,480	25,175	38,305
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	1,381,345	689,610	691,730	4,053,355	1,982,260	2,071,100
English	1,322,640	662,890	659,745	765,805	382,720	383,080
French	21,435	10,870	10,570	2,980,955	1,448,725	1,532,235
English and French	7,780	3,845	3,940	244,955	126,535	118,415
Neither English nor French	29,485	12,010	17,475	61,645	24,280	37,365
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	25,325	12,785	12,540	888,280	445,990	442,290
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	1.8	1.9	1.8	21.9	22.5	21.4
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	1,381,345	689,610	691,730	4,053,355	1,982,260	2,071,100
Single responses	1,341,085	670,010	671,080	3,907,510	1,909,450	1,998,060
Official languages	957,770	485,025	472,745	2,996,905	1,467,115	1,529,795
English	937,055	474,525	462,530	444,955	222,890	222,065
French	20,715	10,500	10,215	2,551,955	1,244,225	1,307,730
Non-official languages	383,320	184,985	198,335	910,605	442,335	468,270
Aboriginal languages	800	295	505	755	275	480
Algonquian languages	530	205	325	370	145	225
Blackfoot	240	90	145	0	5	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	215	90	130	320	120	200
Atikamekw	0	0	0	30	10	25
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	70	25	45
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	15	10	10
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	50	20	30
Plains Cree	55	20	35	5	0	5
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	10	5	5
Swampy Cree	10	5	10	0	0	0
Woods Cree	10	5	5	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	140	65	75	140	50	90
Eastern Algonquian languages	10	5	5	20	5	15
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	10	5	5	20	5	10
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	60	10	50	35	20	10
Algonquin	0	5	0	30	20	15
Ojibway	55	10	40	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	95	30	65	10	5	5
Northern Athabaskan languages	100	35	65	5	5	5
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	5	0	5	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	20	5	15	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Gwich'in	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	65	20	40	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	5	0	5	5	5	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	20	10	15	270	70	195
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	5	5	5	225	60	170
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	35	15	25
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	75	40	40
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	5	70	35	35
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Kutenai	5	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	15	5	10	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Siouan languages	110	35	75	0	0	5
Dakota	25	10	15	5	0	5
Stoney	85	25	60	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	25	15	15	30	15	15
Non-Aboriginal languages	382,515	184,685	197,830	909,845	442,055	467,790
Afro-Asiatic languages	29,655	15,570	14,085	176,965	92,830	84,135
Berber languages	140	80	65	18,945	10,025	8,915
Kabyle	65	30	35	11,315	5,975	5,335
Berber languages, n.i.e.	75	50	30	7,625	4,050	3,580
Cushitic languages	2,475	1,230	1,245	760	365	395
Bilen	50	30	20	10	10	5
Oromo	955	490	460	5	5	0
Somali	1,460	705	755	725	340	385
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	20	15	5
Semitic languages	27,000	14,230	12,765	157,015	82,305	74,715
Amharic	4,075	1,970	2,105	665	310	355
Arabic	18,965	10,190	8,775	151,955	79,715	72,240
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	295	160	135	125	65	60
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	90	45	45	15	10	10
Harari	75	40	35	5	0	5
Hebrew	500	255	250	3,810	1,990	1,820
Maltese	35	15	20	15	5	10
Tigrigna	2,755	1,465	1,295	340	165	180
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	210	105	105	85	45	40
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	40	30	15	245	140	110
Austro-Asiatic languages	14,430	6,740	7,685	33,385	15,675	17,715
Khmer (Cambodian)	880	420	460	7,945	3,690	4,255
Vietnamese	13,540	6,315	7,225	25,430	11,975	13,450
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	5	5	5	10	5	10
Austronesian languages	48,360	20,915	27,445	20,215	7,315	12,895
Bikol	200	95	110	110	35	75
Cebuano	2,015	860	1,160	760	250	510
Fijian	45	30	20	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	690	275	415	400	130	275
Ilocano	2,595	1,125	1,475	2,035	740	1,295
Malagasy	20	10	15	825	385	440
Malay	800	345	455	605	235	370
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	265	135	135	200	90	110
Pangasinan	125	55	75	90	40	50
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	40,955	17,730	23,230	14,865	5,275	9,590
Waray-Waray	150	65	80	50	10	35
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	485	205	285	275	120	160
Creole languages	635	325	310	54,205	23,910	30,300
Haitian Creole	20	15	10	1,965	930	1,035
Creole, n.o.s.	435	215	215	51,325	22,520	28,805
Creole languages, n.i.e.	185	95	85	915	460	460
Dravidian languages	5,260	2,735	2,525	14,695	7,335	7,365
Kannada	285	140	145	230	125	105
Malayalam	2,130	1,095	1,030	405	215	190
Tamil	1,865	985	880	13,490	6,650	6,835
Telugu	950	505	450	555	335	215
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	25	15	15	10	10	5
Hmong-Mien languages	95	45	45	20	10	10
Indo-European languages	187,695	92,925	94,775	493,565	239,965	253,600
Albanian	1,365	720	645	2,455	1,250	1,205
Armenian	255	135	120	16,170	7,835	8,335
Balto-Slavic languages	31,330	14,650	16,675	58,295	26,270	32,025
Baltic languages	535	255	280	725	265	455
Latvian	190	90	95	235	90	150
Lithuanian	340	160	180	485	180	305
Slavic languages	30,795	14,400	16,395	57,570	26,005	31,570
Belarusan	20	10	10	70	40	25
Bosnian	850	420	430	455	220	230
Bulgarian	945	485	460	6,395	3,095	3,295
Croatian	2,100	1,040	1,065	1,865	930	935
Czech	1,495	700	795	1,175	540	635
Macedonian	160	75	85	175	90	90
Polish	8,150	3,830	4,315	12,185	5,280	6,905
Russian	9,555	4,310	5,240	26,370	11,785	14,585
Serbian	1,865	930	930	1,890	930	955
Serbo-Croatian	525	255	270	655	305	345
Slovak	1,175	575	600	900	385	510
Slovene (Slovenian)	270	115	155	690	310	375
Ukrainian	3,625	1,605	2,020	4,640	2,025	2,610
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	65	40	25	125	65	65
Celtic languages	140	70	65	110	65	45
Scottish Gaelic	50	25	30	15	10	5
Welsh	65	35	30	25	10	15
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	65	45	25
Germanic languages	18,575	8,965	9,615	21,470	10,340	11,130
Afrikaans	960	475	490	90	40	50
Danish	860	450	410	300	145	155
Dutch	4,040	2,015	2,025	1,820	920	900
Frisian	40	20	20	5	5	5
German	11,865	5,640	6,225	9,235	4,195	5,040
Icelandic	70	35	30	60	25	30
Norwegian	245	100	145	145	70	70
Swedish	295	130	165	445	205	245
Vlaams (Flemish)	100	50	50	310	125	185
Yiddish	80	40	45	8,960	4,545	4,410
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	105	55	50
Greek	1,590	795	795	37,710	18,830	18,885
Indo-Iranian languages	91,785	46,490	45,295	70,940	36,585	34,350
Indo-Aryan languages	78,710	39,685	39,030	43,890	22,860	21,030
Bengali	4,140	2,115	2,025	10,805	5,515	5,290
Gujarati	5,575	2,810	2,765	6,005	2,940	3,060
Hindi	7,390	3,765	3,625	2,905	1,565	1,335
Kashmiri	85	45	35	15	15	0
Konkani	175	90	85	110	60	50
Marathi	845	435	410	235	135	100
Nepali	1,940	1,020	920	350	170	180
Oriya (Odia)	100	50	45	30	20	10
Punjabi (Panjabi)	38,840	19,535	19,305	12,250	6,645	5,605
Sindhi	1,740	820	920	310	150	160
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	955	465	495	620	300	315
Urdu	16,930	8,530	8,405	10,260	5,335	4,925
Iranian languages	12,115	6,310	5,805	26,720	13,545	13,180
Kurdish	750	400	350	790	425	365
Pashto	1,640	840	800	1,190	625	560
Persian (Farsi)	9,725	5,065	4,660	24,740	12,485	12,255
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	955	505	455	330	185	145
Italic (Romance) languages	42,660	21,100	21,565	286,425	138,790	147,635
Catalan	45	20	25	260	135	130
Italian	5,430	2,765	2,660	101,230	49,650	51,570
Portuguese	3,700	1,770	1,930	31,025	14,925	16,100
Romanian	4,795	2,455	2,335	33,050	15,835	17,215
Spanish	28,685	14,080	14,600	120,765	58,185	62,580
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	95	55	40
Japanese	2,420	845	1,580	2,065	635	1,430
Kartvelian languages	130	75	60	160	75	85
Georgian	135	75	55	160	80	85
Korean	9,220	4,280	4,945	4,865	2,160	2,710
Mongolic languages	450	215	235	185	75	110
Mongolian	450	215	240	185	75	110
Niger-Congo languages	5,910	3,035	2,875	19,245	9,725	9,520
Akan (Twi)	705	370	335	1,015	500	510
Bamanankan	15	5	5	975	530	445
Edo	100	65	40	70	40	25
Ewe	60	35	25	485	275	210
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	80	40	35	1,625	840	785
Ga	70	35	30	80	40	40
Ganda	45	15	25	20	5	10
Igbo	705	380	330	95	55	45
Lingala	85	40	45	1,970	920	1,050
Rundi (Kirundi)	150	75	75	1,700	790	905
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	125	65	60	1,425	640	790
Shona	320	155	165	75	40	35
Swahili	795	390	410	1,305	620	685
Wolof	120	65	50	2,440	1,305	1,135
Yoruba	1,430	755	675	205	130	80
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	1,110	545	560	5,755	2,990	2,765
Nilo-Saharan languages	1,515	750	765	170	95	70
Dinka	725	365	360	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	785	380	405	170	95	75
Sign languages	260	150	110	795	410	380
American Sign Language	95	55	45	50	25	20
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	435	210	225
Sign languages, n.i.e	160	95	70	315	180	140
Sino-Tibetan languages	69,200	32,555	36,645	71,705	33,385	38,320
Chinese languages	67,960	31,940	36,015	71,485	33,270	38,215
Cantonese	34,235	16,085	18,150	23,450	11,055	12,400
Hakka	345	155	185	460	205	255
Mandarin	28,740	13,540	15,200	40,195	18,570	21,625
Min Dong	45	20	25	25	10	10
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	1,720	765	955	3,105	1,435	1,675
Wu (Shanghainese)	380	175	205	1,020	450	575
Chinese, n.o.s.	2,480	1,195	1,290	3,140	1,510	1,635
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	10	5	10	80	40	40
Tibeto-Burman languages	1,240	615	625	220	110	110
Burmese	265	140	130	60	20	35
Karenic languages	280	135	145	0	0	0
Tibetan	550	280	270	100	55	40
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	150	65	80	70	35	35
Tai-Kadai languages	1,115	400	715	4,080	1,845	2,240
Lao	470	210	255	3,545	1,710	1,830
Thai	635	185	450	530	135	395
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	5	0	5
Turkic languages	1,775	975	805	7,375	3,765	3,610
Azerbaijani	240	135	105	260	145	120
Turkish	1,265	715	555	6,625	3,390	3,235
Uyghur	60	30	30	190	95	100
Uzbek	75	40	35	125	65	65
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	140	65	80	170	75	95
Uralic languages	4,060	1,960	2,105	5,650	2,570	3,080
Estonian	95	50	45	170	65	105
Finnish	325	130	195	290	95	200
Hungarian	3,640	1,785	1,860	5,185	2,410	2,775
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	330	195	135	490	275	220
Multiple responses	40,255	19,605	20,650	145,850	72,810	73,040
English and French	3,600	1,715	1,885	47,150	23,885	23,265
English and non-official language	34,805	17,005	17,800	25,440	12,510	12,940
French and non-official language	1,060	550	510	56,960	28,035	28,925
English, French and non-official language	795	340	455	16,300	8,390	7,910
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	1,381,345	689,610	691,735	4,053,355	1,982,260	2,071,100
Single responses	1,294,345	647,120	647,220	3,784,235	1,850,955	1,933,280
Official languages	1,073,700	539,385	534,315	3,289,705	1,613,690	1,676,015
English	1,065,075	534,990	530,085	620,510	309,205	311,310
French	8,625	4,395	4,230	2,669,195	1,304,490	1,364,705
Non-official languages	220,640	107,735	112,905	494,525	237,260	257,265
Aboriginal languages	210	105	110	260	110	145
Algonquian languages	145	75	65	145	65	80
Blackfoot	65	30	30	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	70	40	35	140	60	75
Atikamekw	0	0	0	5	0	5
Montagnais (Innu)	0	5	0	20	5	15
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	5	10	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	30	20	15
Plains Cree	5	5	0	5	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	5	0	5
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	60	30	25	70	30	35
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	5	5
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	5	5	5	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ojibway	5	5	5	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	20	10	5	5	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	5	5	80	30	50
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	70	25	45
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	10	5	5
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	15	5	5
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	5	0	5	0	0	0
Michif	5	0	5	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Siouan languages	40	15	25	0	0	0
Dakota	10	0	10	0	0	0
Stoney	25	10	15	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	5	0	5	15	5	10
Non-Aboriginal languages	220,435	107,630	112,800	494,265	237,150	257,120
Afro-Asiatic languages	18,255	9,320	8,935	82,560	41,880	40,680
Berber languages	65	40	25	6,830	3,540	3,285
Kabyle	30	15	15	4,610	2,395	2,210
Berber languages, n.i.e.	35	20	15	2,225	1,145	1,075
Cushitic languages	1,645	805	845	360	155	205
Bilen	45	25	25	5	0	0
Oromo	705	350	360	0	0	0
Somali	885	425	460	350	150	200
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	5
Semitic languages	16,525	8,475	8,055	75,305	38,150	37,150
Amharic	2,730	1,310	1,420	315	145	170
Arabic	11,010	5,690	5,320	72,985	36,985	35,995
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	200	105	100	90	50	40
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	80	40	35	10	5	5
Harari	50	25	25	0	0	5
Hebrew	260	130	130	1,680	865	810
Maltese	5	5	5	0	0	5
Tigrigna	2,045	1,095	955	190	85	100
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	145	70	75	40	15	20
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	70	30	35
Austro-Asiatic languages	9,365	4,400	4,970	23,425	10,940	12,480
Khmer (Cambodian)	440	215	225	4,720	2,160	2,560
Vietnamese	8,925	4,185	4,740	18,700	8,785	9,915
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	5	0	0
Austronesian languages	25,700	11,990	13,710	9,405	3,780	5,625
Bikol	45	25	20	15	10	10
Cebuano	865	410	455	220	100	120
Fijian	15	10	5	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	205	95	115	125	55	70
Ilocano	1,030	480	545	740	305	435
Malagasy	10	5	5	260	135	125
Malay	235	125	110	165	80	85
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	65	30	30	60	35	30
Pangasinan	15	5	10	15	5	5
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	23,010	10,720	12,290	7,750	3,040	4,710
Waray-Waray	50	25	25	15	5	10
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	145	65	85	50	20	30
Creole languages	290	145	140	19,975	8,450	11,520
Haitian Creole	5	0	5	775	345	430
Creole, n.o.s.	220	110	105	18,775	7,915	10,865
Creole languages, n.i.e.	65	35	30	420	190	225
Dravidian languages	3,185	1,615	1,565	11,330	5,555	5,775
Kannada	115	60	55	140	80	65
Malayalam	1,295	655	635	190	90	95
Tamil	1,190	600	590	10,670	5,185	5,485
Telugu	560	290	270	325	190	130
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	5	0	5
Hmong-Mien languages	60	30	35	10	5	5
Indo-European languages	102,690	51,075	51,620	271,930	130,410	141,520
Albanian	620	335	285	1,445	710	730
Armenian	105	55	55	11,835	5,600	6,235
Balto-Slavic languages	13,865	6,775	7,085	35,205	16,555	18,650
Baltic languages	240	130	110	165	70	95
Latvian	85	45	40	65	30	30
Lithuanian	155	80	70	100	40	60
Slavic languages	13,625	6,645	6,980	35,040	16,485	18,555
Belarusan	0	0	5	20	10	15
Bosnian	390	195	195	260	125	135
Bulgarian	485	240	235	4,750	2,320	2,435
Croatian	745	365	380	775	365	415
Czech	430	205	220	375	180	200
Macedonian	80	45	45	110	55	50
Polish	3,275	1,585	1,690	5,400	2,430	2,970
Russian	5,785	2,800	2,985	19,390	9,180	10,215
Serbian	945	465	480	1,065	525	540
Serbo-Croatian	180	90	90	265	125	140
Slovak	465	225	240	215	105	110
Slovene (Slovenian)	40	15	25	220	90	130
Ukrainian	790	395	395	2,160	970	1,190
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	25	15	15
Celtic languages	15	10	0	20	15	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	5	0	5	5	0
Welsh	5	5	5	5	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	10	10	0
Germanic languages	2,725	1,300	1,430	8,705	4,415	4,295
Afrikaans	505	240	265	10	10	10
Danish	70	30	35	40	20	20
Dutch	490	235	255	245	115	130
Frisian	5	0	5	0	0	0
German	1,540	730	810	1,585	715	865
Icelandic	15	10	5	35	15	20
Norwegian	25	10	15	15	10	5
Swedish	50	25	30	80	40	45
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	5	5	30	10	15
Yiddish	10	5	5	6,665	3,485	3,175
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	5	5	5
Greek	500	230	265	18,255	8,720	9,530
Indo-Iranian languages	61,795	30,995	30,800	49,790	24,980	24,810
Indo-Aryan languages	53,300	26,715	26,585	30,075	15,245	14,830
Bengali	2,745	1,375	1,370	8,080	4,010	4,075
Gujarati	3,125	1,565	1,560	3,805	1,845	1,965
Hindi	4,130	2,125	2,010	1,485	765	720
Kashmiri	45	20	25	5	5	0
Konkani	30	15	15	30	15	15
Marathi	445	225	215	80	40	35
Nepali	1,340	690	645	260	120	135
Oriya (Odia)	50	25	20	10	10	5
Punjabi (Panjabi)	29,100	14,565	14,535	8,775	4,650	4,125
Sindhi	745	330	415	135	65	70
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	490	245	245	345	175	170
Urdu	11,065	5,530	5,535	7,070	3,560	3,515
Iranian languages	7,995	4,025	3,965	19,580	9,655	9,915
Kurdish	460	235	225	395	210	185
Pashto	1,055	535	520	875	435	440
Persian (Farsi)	6,480	3,255	3,225	18,305	9,015	9,290
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	500	255	245	145	80	60
Italic (Romance) languages	23,070	11,375	11,695	146,670	69,415	77,255
Catalan	20	10	10	90	40	45
Italian	1,270	565	705	32,365	14,310	18,055
Portuguese	1,770	860	910	14,570	6,930	7,640
Romanian	2,470	1,280	1,190	22,945	11,215	11,725
Spanish	17,540	8,665	8,875	76,680	36,900	39,775
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	15	10
Japanese	1,105	485	625	875	360	520
Kartvelian languages	80	45	35	75	40	35
Georgian	85	45	35	75	40	35
Korean	6,565	3,130	3,435	3,400	1,560	1,835
Mongolic languages	280	135	145	140	70	75
Mongolian	280	135	145	140	70	75
Niger-Congo languages	1,825	875	950	4,575	2,190	2,385
Akan (Twi)	330	170	160	440	210	230
Bamanankan	5	5	0	220	120	100
Edo	25	10	15	10	5	5
Ewe	15	10	10	95	40	55
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	40	25	20	440	210	235
Ga	25	10	15	15	10	10
Ganda	0	5	0	0	0	5
Igbo	135	65	75	10	5	10
Lingala	25	10	15	480	200	285
Rundi (Kirundi)	60	35	35	470	215	250
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	25	10	15	335	140	195
Shona	95	40	55	20	5	15
Swahili	345	155	190	380	190	195
Wolof	60	35	30	775	415	355
Yoruba	345	170	180	40	25	20
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	280	135	145	835	400	430
Nilo-Saharan languages	910	440	475	55	30	25
Dinka	445	215	230	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	465	220	245	55	30	25
Sign languages	335	195	145	1,050	590	460
American Sign Language	90	45	40	70	35	35
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	455	230	225
Sign languages, n.i.e	255	155	100	530	325	200
Sino-Tibetan languages	46,860	22,300	24,565	56,635	27,025	29,605
Chinese languages	45,985	21,855	24,125	56,510	26,965	29,545
Cantonese	22,245	10,380	11,860	17,330	8,200	9,130
Hakka	95	35	60	155	75	80
Mandarin	21,140	10,245	10,895	34,295	16,475	17,820
Min Dong	5	0	5	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	675	295	385	1,780	810	970
Wu (Shanghainese)	210	110	105	755	345	415
Chinese, n.o.s.	1,605	795	815	2,160	1,045	1,115
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	40	20	20
Tibeto-Burman languages	875	440	440	120	60	60
Burmese	175	85	90	20	10	10
Karenic languages	235	110	130	0	0	0
Tibetan	400	210	190	65	35	30
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	70	35	35	30	15	20
Tai-Kadai languages	420	185	235	2,045	990	1,060
Lao	190	85	105	1,875	920	955
Thai	225	100	130	170	70	100
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	5	0	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages	1,000	520	475	4,795	2,380	2,415
Azerbaijani	105	55	45	95	40	50
Turkish	755	400	355	4,420	2,200	2,220
Uyghur	45	20	25	130	70	65
Uzbek	55	25	25	90	45	45
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	45	20	25	55	25	30
Uralic languages	1,380	680	705	1,885	825	1,055
Estonian	15	5	10	30	10	15
Finnish	55	30	25	40	20	25
Hungarian	1,310	645	665	1,815	800	1,015
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	110	70	45	105	60	45
Multiple responses	87,000	42,490	44,510	269,125	131,305	137,820
English and French	2,450	1,215	1,230	60,730	30,695	30,030
English and non-official language	82,870	40,470	42,400	50,935	24,565	26,370
French and non-official language	390	190	200	118,985	56,730	62,255
English, French and non-official language	1,290	610	680	38,480	19,310	19,165
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	1,381,345	689,615	691,730	4,053,360	1,982,260	2,071,100
None	1,154,535	579,705	574,830	3,138,775	1,528,660	1,610,115
English	97,375	48,485	48,900	313,765	159,265	154,495
French	13,880	6,315	7,565	247,580	122,255	125,325
Non-official language	111,480	53,085	58,390	274,120	132,890	141,230
Aboriginal	690	280	415	385	150	235
Non-Aboriginal	110,785	52,805	57,980	273,730	132,745	140,990
English and French	675	340	340	33,020	16,620	16,400
English and non-official language	2,145	1,095	1,045	23,200	11,400	11,800
French and non-official language	1,220	575	650	21,615	10,500	11,110
English, French and non-official language	35	20	15	1,295	660	630
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	1,113,985	553,435	560,545	3,319,405	1,614,050	1,705,355
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,058,110	525,830	532,275	3,188,850	1,552,825	1,636,025
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,974	53,951	35,687	33,040	37,389	29,280
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,058,325	525,890	532,440	3,189,475	1,552,930	1,636,550
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,003	46,422	32,464	29,665	32,824	26,822
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	991,395	504,130	487,265	2,825,595	1,405,535	1,420,065
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,801	53,736	34,999	30,834	36,170	26,012
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	603,670	236,975	366,695	2,452,585	1,109,840	1,342,745
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	3,050	2,073	3,390	5,943	3,836	7,574
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	863,730	449,090	414,640	2,335,685	1,199,875	1,135,815
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,080	53,428	35,946	32,153	36,210	28,453
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	1,113,965	553,420	560,545	3,319,375	1,613,985	1,705,390
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,058,645	525,895	532,750	3,188,425	1,552,245	1,636,175
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	69,177	88,050	50,548	44,742	51,915	37,937
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,058,830	525,945	532,885	3,189,055	1,552,325	1,636,735
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	54,906	68,058	41,925	36,157	40,802	31,752
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	991,730	504,230	487,500	2,825,025	1,404,810	1,420,220
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	69,906	88,800	50,363	43,508	51,847	35,260
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	603,830	236,925	366,905	2,452,910	1,109,715	1,343,195
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,470	6,455	6,480	8,050	6,985	8,930
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	863,730	448,880	414,845	2,335,665	1,199,715	1,135,955
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	65,505	81,526	48,170	43,247	49,826	36,298
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	1,113,965	553,425	560,545	3,319,375	1,613,985	1,705,390
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	407,690	233,060	174,625	1,032,045	563,555	468,490
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	66,442	74,517	57,725	49,292	53,860	44,640
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	91,015	106,334	70,571	60,760	67,966	52,092
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	94.7	96.7	91.3	86.2	90.4	80.7
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	77.0	78.9	73.7	70.7	74.1	66.4
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	5.3	3.3	8.7	13.8	9.6	19.3
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	1,113,985	553,440	560,545	3,319,410	1,614,055	1,705,355
Without total income	55,875	27,610	28,270	130,555	61,225	69,330
With total income	1,058,110	525,830	532,275	3,188,850	1,552,830	1,636,020
Percentage with total income	95.0	95.0	95.0	96.1	96.2	95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	137,795	53,675	84,125	431,255	201,835	229,425
$10,000 to $19,999	130,050	51,980	78,065	575,490	235,195	340,300
$20,000 to $29,999	118,615	47,765	70,850	465,445	201,390	264,050
$30,000 to $39,999	102,090	45,305	56,780	397,270	187,125	210,145
$40,000 to $49,999	98,245	46,560	51,680	348,385	166,795	181,595
$50,000 to $59,999	85,120	42,580	42,540	259,535	131,895	127,645
$60,000 to $69,999	70,325	37,550	32,780	186,985	101,135	85,850
$70,000 to $79,999	56,815	32,105	24,710	147,600	82,105	65,495
$80,000 to $89,999	45,800	26,625	19,175	101,535	59,265	42,270
$90,000 to $99,999	38,945	22,460	16,485	67,295	42,730	24,560
$100,000 and over	174,305	119,220	55,090	208,040	143,365	64,680
$100,000 to $149,999	96,090	60,925	35,165	134,980	90,500	44,480
$150,000 and over	78,215	58,290	19,930	73,065	52,865	20,205
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	1,113,985	553,440	560,545	3,319,405	1,614,055	1,705,350
Without after-tax income	55,655	27,550	28,110	129,930	61,125	68,805
With after-tax income	1,058,330	525,890	532,440	3,189,475	1,552,930	1,636,550
Percentage with after-tax income	95.0	95.0	95.0	96.1	96.2	96.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	141,235	54,750	86,490	446,310	205,380	240,930
$10,000 to $19,999	135,750	54,530	81,220	603,035	249,060	353,975
$20,000 to $29,999	137,235	56,100	81,140	563,105	250,605	312,495
$30,000 to $39,999	127,800	58,980	68,820	513,345	247,595	265,755
$40,000 to $49,999	119,540	59,170	60,375	382,030	192,695	189,335
$50,000 to $59,999	94,345	50,305	44,040	251,595	136,730	114,865
$60,000 to $69,999	71,485	40,765	30,720	163,355	93,030	70,325
$70,000 to $79,999	54,845	32,040	22,800	91,425	57,255	34,170
$80,000 and over	176,090	119,260	56,830	175,275	120,585	54,690
$80,000 to $89,999	41,415	24,490	16,920	53,535	35,090	18,445
$90,000 to $99,999	28,595	18,085	10,510	32,550	22,020	10,535
$100,000 and over	106,080	76,690	29,390	89,195	63,475	25,720
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	1,113,985	553,440	560,545	3,319,410	1,614,055	1,705,355
Without employment income	250,255	104,350	145,910	983,720	414,180	569,540
With employment income	863,730	449,090	414,640	2,335,690	1,199,875	1,135,815
Percentage with employment income	77.5	81.1	74.0	70.4	74.3	66.6
Under $5,000 (including loss)	90,985	41,065	49,920	299,295	149,895	149,400
$5,000 to $9,999	55,495	23,595	31,900	184,940	83,240	101,700
$10,000 to $19,999	94,220	40,565	53,660	340,270	154,940	185,330
$20,000 to $29,999	81,015	34,610	46,405	284,860	131,565	153,295
$30,000 to $39,999	77,870	35,925	41,945	270,990	129,240	141,755
$40,000 to $49,999	76,565	36,805	39,755	231,135	113,170	117,965
$50,000 to $59,999	67,875	34,070	33,800	180,235	96,470	83,765
$60,000 to $69,999	56,520	30,975	25,545	137,210	77,190	60,015
$70,000 to $79,999	46,780	26,710	20,070	118,920	67,175	51,740
$80,000 and over	216,400	144,765	71,640	287,835	196,980	90,855
$80,000 to $89,999	38,545	22,880	15,665	76,195	48,370	27,820
$90,000 to $99,999	33,975	19,695	14,275	52,260	35,045	17,220
$100,000 and over	143,885	102,185	41,695	159,380	113,560	45,820
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	519,695	...	...	1,727,310	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	99,583	...	...	61,790	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	84,773	...	...	53,738	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	122,265	...	...	570,285	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	52,765	...	...	33,081	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	44,957	...	...	29,617	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	397,425	...	...	1,157,020	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	117,385	...	...	81,109	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	99,568	...	...	69,635	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	519,695	...	...	1,727,310	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	140,919	...	...	82,589	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	111,867	...	...	66,755	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	122,340	...	...	570,105	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	71,649	...	...	42,387	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	57,165	...	...	34,729	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	397,355	...	...	1,157,200	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	162,245	...	...	102,395	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	128,709	...	...	82,533	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	519,695	...	...	1,727,310	...	...
Under $5,000	7,580	...	...	31,115	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	4,650	...	...	29,850	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5,615	...	...	56,095	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	9,915	...	...	82,840	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	14,625	...	...	83,555	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	11,435	...	...	73,240	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	12,745	...	...	81,155	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	13,875	...	...	84,995	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	14,260	...	...	84,255	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	14,675	...	...	80,890	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	30,830	...	...	150,605	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	31,450	...	...	130,650	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	30,750	...	...	115,305	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	29,960	...	...	99,710	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	28,610	...	...	85,240	...	...
$100,000 and over	258,720	...	...	457,820	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	62,815	...	...	161,115	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	48,480	...	...	105,170	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	63,120	...	...	105,180	...	...
$200,000 and over	84,300	...	...	86,355	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	519,695	...	...	1,727,310	...	...
Under $5,000	8,245	...	...	33,060	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	4,745	...	...	30,330	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5,820	...	...	56,650	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10,365	...	...	87,175	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	15,680	...	...	94,285	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	13,240	...	...	88,045	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	15,250	...	...	103,400	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	16,905	...	...	104,955	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	18,085	...	...	100,370	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	19,085	...	...	97,330	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	38,715	...	...	174,750	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	38,605	...	...	148,275	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	37,550	...	...	122,370	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	35,710	...	...	101,920	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	32,340	...	...	82,880	...	...
$100,000 and over	209,355	...	...	301,515	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	65,380	...	...	139,215	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	46,090	...	...	71,850	...	...
$150,000 and over	97,885	...	...	90,455	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	375,125	...	...	1,102,785	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	116,039	...	...	82,175	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	98,370	...	...	70,355	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	128,760	...	...	391,400	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	108,340	...	...	74,547	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	91,303	...	...	63,319	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	186,265	...	...	486,280	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	137,496	...	...	105,941	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	115,515	...	...	89,292	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	47,670	...	...	194,800	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	67,746	...	...	54,054	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	60,725	...	...	48,837	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	375,090	...	...	1,102,830	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	162,881	...	...	103,883	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	128,783	...	...	83,503	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	128,665	...	...	391,140	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	156,808	...	...	95,312	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	123,381	...	...	75,776	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	186,370	...	...	486,710	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	188,019	...	...	128,244	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	147,593	...	...	102,314	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	47,315	...	...	194,630	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	89,696	...	...	64,308	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	75,267	...	...	54,714	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	199,990	104,835	95,160	718,550	350,225	368,325
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	44,763	47,895	41,394	29,850	31,216	28,734
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	39,249	41,382	36,880	27,212	28,012	26,567
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	199,555	104,735	94,825	717,340	348,660	368,680
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	60,832	66,027	55,095	39,160	40,830	37,582
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	49,266	52,646	45,533	32,366	33,188	31,588
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	1,374,650	687,050	687,600	4,009,790	1,966,755	2,043,035
In the bottom half of the distribution	495,670	241,190	254,485	2,258,795	1,083,185	1,175,610
In the bottom decile	96,955	48,270	48,680	416,230	205,250	210,980
In the second decile	86,825	40,300	46,525	435,520	197,820	237,700
In the third decile	95,100	45,585	49,515	489,830	233,765	256,070
In the fourth decile	102,905	50,495	52,410	474,330	229,435	244,895
In the fifth decile	113,890	56,535	57,355	442,885	216,920	225,965
In the top half of the distribution	878,980	445,860	433,120	1,750,995	883,570	867,425
In the sixth decile	123,065	61,590	61,480	419,115	208,630	210,490
In the seventh decile	133,460	67,065	66,395	392,990	197,220	195,770
In the eighth decile	148,820	75,330	73,490	361,460	182,895	178,565
In the ninth decile	180,235	91,125	89,105	305,085	155,505	149,580
In the top decile	293,410	150,755	142,650	272,335	139,320	133,015
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	1,373,010	686,215	686,790	4,009,795	1,966,755	2,043,035
0 to 17 years	307,210	157,515	149,690	819,405	418,510	400,895
0 to 5 years	106,845	54,790	52,055	279,080	142,795	136,285
18 to 64 years	924,220	462,145	462,075	2,588,750	1,278,315	1,310,435
65 years and over	141,575	66,550	75,020	601,635	269,930	331,705
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	121,990	58,430	63,565	614,140	288,445	325,695
0 to 17 years	37,410	19,210	18,195	128,620	65,805	62,820
0 to 5 years	13,335	6,835	6,500	44,445	22,620	21,830
18 to 64 years	73,095	34,830	38,270	381,890	185,820	196,065
65 years and over	11,485	4,390	7,100	103,635	36,820	66,810
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	8.9	8.5	9.3	15.3	14.7	15.9
0 to 17 years (%)	12.2	12.2	12.2	15.7	15.7	15.7
0 to 5 years (%)	12.5	12.5	12.5	15.9	15.8	16.0
18 to 64 years (%)	7.9	7.5	8.3	14.8	14.5	15.0
65 years and over (%)	8.1	6.6	9.5	17.2	13.6	20.1
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	111,150	55,085	56,065	479,645	232,435	247,210
0 to 17 years	30,055	15,465	14,595	90,445	46,360	44,090
0 to 5 years	10,685	5,475	5,210	31,445	16,025	15,425
18 to 64 years	74,510	36,940	37,570	326,695	164,545	162,150
65 years and over	6,585	2,685	3,905	62,505	21,530	40,970
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	8.1	8.0	8.2	12.0	11.8	12.1
0 to 17 years (%)	9.8	9.8	9.8	11.0	11.1	11.0
0 to 5 years (%)	10.0	10.0	10.0	11.3	11.2	11.3
18 to 64 years (%)	8.1	8.0	8.1	12.6	12.9	12.4
65 years and over (%)	4.7	4.0	5.2	10.4	8.0	12.4
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	1,374,650	687,050	687,600	4,009,790	1,966,705	2,043,090
Official languages	1,344,650	674,485	670,160	3,946,685	1,941,955	2,004,730
English	1,343,335	673,895	669,440	2,500,590	1,285,835	1,214,755
French	101,440	46,945	54,495	3,663,310	1,799,755	1,863,560
Non-official languages	484,740	235,150	249,590	1,332,070	642,340	689,730
Aboriginal languages	1,305	515	785	1,065	505	565
Algonquian languages	920	365	555	410	235	180
Blackfoot	355	120	230	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	480	215	270	335	165	170
Atikamekw	0	0	0	20	10	10
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	100	50	45
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	15	0	0	70	45	25
Plains Cree	135	70	65	0	10	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	10	0	0	10	0	10
Woods Cree	65	10	55	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	255	120	140	130	50	80
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	35	30	10
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	30	30	10
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	110	45	60	40	30	10
Algonquin	0	0	0	35	25	10
Ojibway	95	40	55	0	10	0
Oji-Cree	10	10	10	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Athabaskan languages	175	75	95	10	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	175	75	95	10	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	20	10	10	10	10	10
Dogrib (Tlicho)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	135	60	75	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	40	10	25	450	155	295
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	25	10	10	0	0	0
Inuktitut	10	0	10	405	145	270
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	15	30
Iroquoian languages	10	10	0	180	115	65
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	10	10	0	175	115	60
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	20	10	15	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	10	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	130	35	100	0	0	0
Dakota	60	25	35	0	0	0
Stoney	95	15	75	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	15	10	10	10	0	10
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	15	10	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	15	10	0	10	0	15
Non-Aboriginal languages	483,460	234,650	248,815	1,331,075	641,870	689,200
Afro-Asiatic languages	41,755	21,940	19,815	271,775	141,620	130,150
Berber languages	200	140	60	24,835	13,075	11,760
Kabyle	110	60	45	14,590	7,710	6,880
Berber languages, n.i.e.	90	80	15	10,385	5,435	4,950
Cushitic languages	3,580	1,825	1,760	1,105	535	570
Bilen	65	45	25	30	20	15
Oromo	1,370	715	655	30	20	0
Somali	2,175	1,085	1,090	1,040	490	550
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	15	0	10	0
Semitic languages	38,585	20,340	18,240	259,135	134,960	124,175
Amharic	5,780	2,930	2,845	980	470	510
Arabic	28,530	15,190	13,345	241,000	125,545	115,455
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	335	170	165	165	85	80
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	120	55	60	10	0	10
Harari	95	50	45	10	0	10
Hebrew	1,610	775	835	17,705	9,290	8,415
Maltese	40	30	10	20	0	10
Tigrigna	3,565	1,935	1,630	360	165	195
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	250	140	110	165	80	85
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	170	105	70	615	315	300
Austro-Asiatic languages	18,485	8,785	9,695	42,285	20,135	22,150
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,200	655	545	10,535	5,000	5,535
Vietnamese	17,345	8,165	9,180	32,090	15,315	16,780
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	30	15	10
Austronesian languages	60,875	26,185	34,690	29,150	11,030	18,120
Bikol	170	65	105	105	50	55
Cebuano	2,825	1,250	1,575	915	315	600
Fijian	140	75	60	10	0	10
Hiligaynon	930	365	565	500	180	315
Ilocano	3,690	1,595	2,100	2,450	875	1,575
Malagasy	45	20	20	1,450	680	770
Malay	1,505	710	795	985	420	565
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	445	215	230	195	100	100
Pangasinan	205	80	120	55	15	35
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	57,570	24,600	32,975	25,560	9,430	16,135
Waray-Waray	195	80	115	45	10	35
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	570	240	335	415	200	215
Creole languages	1,790	890	895	108,785	48,755	60,040
Haitian Creole	80	45	35	4,400	2,020	2,375
Creole, n.o.s.	1,110	560	555	102,510	45,840	56,670
Creole languages, n.i.e.	600	295	310	2,470	1,185	1,280
Dravidian languages	7,230	3,795	3,440	18,510	9,380	9,125
Kannada	540	270	275	395	200	195
Malayalam	2,605	1,375	1,230	485	275	210
Tamil	3,215	1,695	1,520	17,130	8,610	8,520
Telugu	1,290	680	615	890	520	370
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	75	40	40	10	10	10
Hmong-Mien languages	85	40	45	35	15	20
Indo-European languages	248,155	123,285	124,870	751,240	360,635	390,595
Albanian	1,735	915	825	2,880	1,460	1,420
Armenian	295	165	130	19,925	9,575	10,350
Balto-Slavic languages	36,635	17,825	18,810	75,250	35,075	40,175
Baltic languages	645	310	335	940	415	525
Latvian	265	140	125	275	110	165
Lithuanian	380	170	210	665	300	360
Slavic languages	36,225	17,635	18,595	74,470	34,735	39,740
Belarusan	70	30	45	310	130	180
Bosnian	1,330	715	615	580	275	310
Bulgarian	1,100	590	515	6,785	3,315	3,475
Croatian	2,770	1,375	1,390	2,800	1,380	1,425
Czech	1,795	840	955	1,665	765	900
Macedonian	275	150	125	235	105	130
Polish	9,565	4,595	4,970	15,340	6,880	8,465
Russian	13,705	6,585	7,115	42,245	20,025	22,220
Serbian	2,365	1,170	1,195	2,430	1,135	1,295
Serbo-Croatian	575	315	260	985	435	545
Slovak	1,605	880	725	1,235	595	645
Slovene (Slovenian)	330	155	170	900	445	460
Ukrainian	4,770	2,165	2,605	8,040	3,440	4,595
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	70	35	40	125	55	70
Celtic languages	465	220	245	375	220	155
Scottish Gaelic	170	85	85	105	60	40
Welsh	110	65	50	65	35	35
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	190	75	110	215	125	85
Germanic languages	27,585	13,695	13,890	47,450	23,730	23,720
Afrikaans	1,955	1,040	920	300	195	105
Danish	1,060	500	560	590	285	305
Dutch	4,940	2,445	2,495	3,380	1,780	1,600
Frisian	65	25	35	0	10	0
German	19,080	9,585	9,490	30,070	15,095	14,975
Icelandic	80	40	45	100	60	35
Norwegian	495	195	300	355	170	185
Swedish	640	310	330	1,235	600	635
Vlaams (Flemish)	125	60	65	510	175	335
Yiddish	175	100	75	12,340	6,195	6,140
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	70	25	45	175	75	105
Greek	2,490	1,255	1,235	49,445	24,590	24,860
Indo-Iranian languages	114,370	58,080	56,290	87,330	44,890	42,440
Indo-Aryan languages	101,665	51,330	50,335	56,910	29,560	27,350
Bengali	5,050	2,540	2,510	12,600	6,470	6,135
Gujarati	8,585	4,165	4,420	7,830	3,805	4,025
Hindi	29,820	15,285	14,535	14,950	7,950	6,995
Kashmiri	65	45	20	50	30	15
Konkani	380	200	185	145	75	75
Marathi	1,545	805	740	460	240	220
Nepali	2,220	1,225	995	355	190	165
Oriya (Odia)	145	75	75	50	30	20
Punjabi (Panjabi)	51,070	25,905	25,165	17,580	9,550	8,030
Sindhi	2,765	1,220	1,540	470	225	245
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	1,395	690	700	1,285	595	690
Urdu	26,020	13,300	12,720	15,920	8,370	7,550
Iranian languages	13,580	7,145	6,435	31,700	15,960	15,740
Kurdish	1,005	545	460	980	510	475
Pashto	2,185	1,180	1,005	1,630	900	725
Persian (Farsi)	10,760	5,670	5,090	29,530	14,835	14,695
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	1,170	635	535	625	335	290
Italic (Romance) languages	70,645	34,285	36,360	497,655	234,820	262,835
Catalan	85	45	35	695	420	270
Italian	9,565	4,720	4,840	161,770	78,465	83,305
Portuguese	5,365	2,635	2,730	45,620	22,935	22,685
Romanian	5,945	3,095	2,850	39,265	18,875	20,390
Spanish	52,265	25,140	27,120	280,030	128,635	151,400
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	75	45	30	335	225	115
Japanese	4,400	1,990	2,415	5,465	2,505	2,955
Kartvelian languages	140	90	50	200	105	100
Georgian	140	90	50	200	100	95
Korean	10,240	4,790	5,455	5,795	2,645	3,150
Mongolic languages	660	310	350	235	115	115
Mongolian	660	305	350	235	115	120
Niger-Congo languages	12,065	6,090	5,970	37,280	18,580	18,700
Akan (Twi)	1,150	610	545	1,715	900	815
Bamanankan	20	10	10	1,805	935	865
Edo	240	145	95	170	85	85
Ewe	75	35	40	975	615	360
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	135	80	60	2,730	1,420	1,310
Ga	115	65	50	285	150	140
Ganda	80	30	45	55	25	35
Igbo	1,495	785	710	240	155	85
Lingala	430	225	195	7,670	3,435	4,235
Rundi (Kirundi)	170	95	80	2,235	1,045	1,185
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	105	40	60	1,955	880	1,075
Shona	510	225	285	130	60	70
Swahili	2,420	1,195	1,230	4,240	2,070	2,170
Wolof	330	195	135	4,815	2,570	2,245
Yoruba	3,455	1,750	1,705	700	375	320
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	2,195	1,055	1,145	12,690	6,510	6,180
Nilo-Saharan languages	1,695	780	915	325	185	140
Dinka	785	380	400	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	915	400	515	330	190	140
Sign languages	1,685	715	970	4,320	1,715	2,610
American Sign Language	905	350	560	465	170	295
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	10	2,545	905	1,635
Sign languages, n.i.e.	790	375	415	1,470	680	785
Sino-Tibetan languages	80,270	38,240	42,030	83,535	39,325	44,205
Chinese languages	78,780	37,515	41,265	83,340	39,220	44,125
Cantonese	43,115	20,355	22,755	30,500	14,230	16,270
Hakka	425	180	245	525	230	295
Mandarin	39,405	18,550	20,855	54,180	25,145	29,040
Min Dong	60	35	25	15	0	10
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	2,415	1,010	1,400	4,030	1,790	2,240
Wu (Shanghainese)	575	245	330	1,185	520	670
Chinese, n.o.s.	3,105	1,545	1,570	4,300	2,100	2,200
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	85	40	50
Tibeto-Burman languages	1,525	735	795	215	125	85
Burmese	345	160	180	75	45	35
Karenic languages	295	140	150	0	0	0
Tibetan	800	400	400	45	35	10
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	155	60	95	90	50	45
Tai-Kadai languages	1,510	625	885	6,170	2,915	3,250
Lao	635	300	335	5,085	2,490	2,595
Thai	975	380	595	1,700	680	1,015
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	10	0	10
Turkic languages	2,585	1,380	1,205	11,490	5,725	5,760
Azerbaijani	350	165	180	450	235	215
Turkish	1,710	980	735	10,555	5,275	5,275
Uyghur	135	65	70	235	110	125
Uzbek	245	110	135	195	85	110
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	200	90	110	195	100	100
Uralic languages	4,810	2,310	2,505	6,965	3,215	3,750
Estonian	110	50	60	125	50	70
Finnish	350	160	190	370	145	225
Hungarian	4,350	2,100	2,250	6,475	3,020	3,455
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	785	440	345	1,445	825	625
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	1,374,650	687,050	687,600	4,009,795	1,966,705	2,043,085
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	1,220,070	612,475	607,590	3,696,245	1,811,975	1,884,270
Canadian citizens aged under 18	282,095	144,675	137,420	772,360	394,515	377,845
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	937,975	467,800	470,170	2,923,885	1,417,465	1,506,425
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	154,585	74,575	80,010	313,545	154,730	158,815
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	1,374,650	687,050	687,600	4,009,795	1,966,705	2,043,090
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	942,785	477,115	465,665	3,002,625	1,476,535	1,526,095
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	404,700	196,445	208,260	936,305	452,805	483,500
Before 1981	69,585	34,700	34,885	207,840	100,575	107,265
1981 to 1990	41,035	19,545	21,495	112,945	55,685	57,265
1991 to 2000	68,565	32,850	35,715	163,525	77,675	85,850
2001 to 2010	132,260	64,205	68,055	272,725	131,570	141,160
2001 to 2005	59,300	28,975	30,325	118,885	57,445	61,440
2006 to 2010	72,960	35,235	37,730	153,840	74,115	79,720
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	93,255	45,140	48,115	179,270	87,305	91,965
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	27,170	13,490	13,680	70,860	37,370	33,490
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	404,700	196,440	208,260	936,305	452,800	483,505
Under 5 years	37,370	19,075	18,295	90,505	44,550	45,950
5 to 14 years	69,005	35,815	33,190	148,910	74,380	74,540
15 to 24 years	79,350	36,525	42,825	187,480	85,225	102,255
25 to 44 years	181,400	87,250	94,150	445,085	219,540	225,550
45 years and over	37,575	17,775	19,800	64,325	29,110	35,215
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	404,705	196,445	208,255	936,305	452,800	483,505
Americas	44,350	21,140	23,205	210,770	96,160	114,615
Brazil	1,470	675	800	5,725	2,750	2,970
Colombia	5,805	2,755	3,050	16,670	7,590	9,085
El Salvador	2,450	1,240	1,215	9,955	4,920	5,035
Guyana	865	435	430	2,430	1,060	1,370
Haiti	525	280	250	75,740	32,980	42,755
Jamaica	3,085	1,405	1,680	4,425	1,910	2,510
Mexico	4,480	2,200	2,290	13,080	5,855	7,230
Peru	1,115	475	645	11,910	5,355	6,555
Trinidad and Tobago	1,470	720	750	3,885	1,770	2,110
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	12,110	5,550	6,560	17,935	9,055	8,885
Other places of birth in Americas	10,965	5,415	5,550	49,030	22,910	26,115
Europe	81,045	40,575	40,470	254,860	125,050	129,805
Bosnia and Herzegovina	2,065	1,060	1,010	1,085	525	560
Croatia	1,310	685	630	1,590	815	775
France	1,285	635	655	56,805	30,005	26,800
Germany	6,485	3,080	3,400	6,595	2,890	3,700
Greece	940	490	450	17,885	8,790	9,095
Hungary	1,965	970	990	3,030	1,440	1,590
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	1,685	895	790	660	375	285
Italy	3,855	2,070	1,790	48,935	23,950	24,985
Netherlands	3,385	1,815	1,570	1,310	705	600
Poland	6,845	3,240	3,600	9,380	4,045	5,330
Portugal	1,165	535	635	16,460	7,960	8,500
Romania	4,515	2,260	2,255	26,145	12,405	13,745
Russian Federation	4,000	1,720	2,285	10,290	4,530	5,760
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	1,120	575	550	1,320	610	715
Ukraine	2,965	1,365	1,600	7,760	3,385	4,375
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	26,175	13,470	12,710	10,385	5,345	5,045
Other places of birth in Europe	11,270	5,715	5,560	35,225	17,275	17,945
Africa	40,865	20,905	19,960	204,635	105,405	99,230
Algeria	770	415	355	54,275	28,225	26,050
Egypt	2,930	1,565	1,365	18,495	9,675	8,820
Ethiopia	5,230	2,585	2,645	865	425	435
Kenya	2,735	1,330	1,405	635	290	340
Morocco	685	360	325	54,495	28,020	26,475
Nigeria	7,685	3,995	3,695	1,140	620	525
Somalia	1,340	630	710	475	235	245
South Africa, Republic of	3,015	1,570	1,440	670	365	305
Other places of birth in Africa	16,470	8,460	8,015	73,580	37,550	36,035
Asia	234,535	111,835	122,705	264,955	125,605	139,345
Afghanistan	3,285	1,765	1,520	6,150	3,070	3,085
Bangladesh	3,145	1,615	1,530	7,745	3,895	3,845
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	34,945	16,100	18,840	43,350	18,265	25,080
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	11,115	5,390	5,720	4,535	2,220	2,315
India	46,945	23,575	23,375	17,455	8,995	8,460
IranCensus data footnote 61	5,800	3,000	2,795	16,545	8,240	8,305
Iraq	3,650	1,955	1,700	2,945	1,585	1,365
Japan	1,545	435	1,115	1,435	345	1,090
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	7,280	3,425	3,855	3,620	1,690	1,930
Lebanon	4,340	2,305	2,030	35,765	18,940	16,825
Pakistan	17,740	9,230	8,505	9,515	5,015	4,500
Philippines	53,450	23,270	30,180	23,235	8,725	14,510
Sri Lanka	2,010	1,030	980	10,620	5,275	5,345
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	2,195	1,145	1,045	16,310	8,040	8,265
Taiwan	2,235	950	1,290	2,495	1,030	1,470
Viet Nam	15,700	7,310	8,385	23,465	10,865	12,600
Other places of birth in Asia	19,160	9,325	9,840	39,760	19,400	20,355
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	3,910	1,995	1,920	1,095	585	510
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	93,255	45,145	48,115	179,270	87,300	91,965
Americas	9,350	4,675	4,670	40,205	19,070	21,130
Brazil	535	245	285	2,260	1,140	1,125
Colombia	1,275	605	670	5,270	2,475	2,790
Cuba	125	60	70	1,950	980	970
Haiti	150	95	50	15,770	7,165	8,610
Jamaica	470	245	225	155	110	50
Mexico	1,970	1,035	935	3,465	1,610	1,850
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	2,055	990	1,065	3,300	1,850	1,455
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	1,135	555	575	1,725	825	900
Other places of birth in Americas	1,640	855	785	6,305	2,920	3,390
Europe	9,565	4,900	4,660	31,585	15,965	15,615
France	265	155	115	14,995	8,020	6,975
Germany	460	215	245	445	205	245
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	605	380	225	105	75	30
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	450	250	195	3,570	1,620	1,945