Census Profile, 2016 Census
Calgary [Census metropolitan area], Alberta and Canada [Country]

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Calgary Alberta [Census metropolitan area]			Canada [Country]
	Data quality , Calgary [Census metropolitan area], Alberta  Map : Calgary [Census metropolitan area], Alberta Change geography 1			Data quality : Canada [Country]  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	1,392,609	...	...	35,151,728	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	1,214,839	...	...	33,476,688	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	14.6	...	...	5.0	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	544,870	...	...	15,412,443	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	519,693	...	...	14,072,079	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	272.5	...	...	3.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	5,110.21	...	...	8,965,588.85	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	1,392,610	695,130	697,480	35,151,730	17,264,200	17,887,530
0 to 14 years	261,455	134,160	127,295	5,839,565	2,992,920	2,846,645
0 to 4 years	89,105	45,740	43,365	1,898,790	973,030	925,760
5 to 9 years	91,800	47,295	44,510	2,018,130	1,034,685	983,445
10 to 14 years	80,545	41,125	39,420	1,922,645	985,200	937,445
15 to 64 years	978,150	490,645	487,505	23,376,530	11,576,130	11,800,400
15 to 19 years	79,480	40,845	38,635	2,026,160	1,039,215	986,940
20 to 24 years	86,685	44,005	42,680	2,242,690	1,144,495	1,098,200
25 to 29 years	109,505	54,295	55,210	2,285,990	1,144,470	1,141,515
30 to 34 years	121,380	60,440	60,940	2,329,395	1,148,290	1,181,110
35 to 39 years	112,890	55,980	56,905	2,288,365	1,118,635	1,169,730
40 to 44 years	105,290	52,705	52,585	2,255,135	1,104,440	1,150,695
45 to 49 years	98,845	50,050	48,800	2,359,965	1,157,760	1,202,210
50 to 54 years	97,860	48,970	48,890	2,678,075	1,318,755	1,359,320
55 to 59 years	92,715	46,440	46,275	2,620,240	1,285,190	1,335,055
60 to 64 years	73,495	36,915	36,580	2,290,510	1,114,885	1,175,630
65 years and over	153,005	70,325	82,680	5,935,630	2,695,150	3,240,485
65 to 69 years	55,100	27,040	28,060	1,972,480	953,075	1,019,405
70 to 74 years	35,250	16,940	18,310	1,420,875	677,975	742,900
75 to 79 years	24,900	11,275	13,625	1,021,850	469,550	552,300
80 to 84 years	18,705	8,165	10,540	749,650	325,765	423,880
85 years and over	19,055	6,910	12,145	770,780	268,790	501,990
85 to 89 years	12,215	4,835	7,380	482,525	185,535	296,990
90 to 94 years	5,230	1,690	3,535	223,510	68,675	154,835
95 to 99 years	1,440	360	1,080	56,525	13,240	43,280
100 years and over	165	25	145	8,230	1,340	6,890
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	18.8	19.3	18.3	16.6	17.3	15.9
15 to 64 years	70.2	70.6	69.9	66.5	67.1	66.0
65 years and over	11.0	10.1	11.9	16.9	15.6	18.1
85 years and over	1.4	1.0	1.7	2.2	1.6	2.8
Average age of the population	37.4	36.8	38.0	41.0	40.1	41.9
Median age of the population	36.6	36.2	37.0	41.2	40.2	42.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	519,695	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
Single-detached house	302,795	...	...	7,541,495	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	32,925	...	...	1,391,040	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	181,450	...	...	4,949,795	...	...
Semi-detached house	33,085	...	...	698,800	...	...
Row house	49,205	...	...	891,305	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	22,075	...	...	784,300	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	76,785	...	...	2,539,390	...	...
Other single-attached house	300	...	...	36,005	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	2,525	...	...	189,755	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	519,690	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
1 person	122,265	...	...	3,969,790	...	...
2 persons	169,020	...	...	4,834,605	...	...
3 persons	87,740	...	...	2,140,640	...	...
4 persons	86,055	...	...	1,946,275	...	...
5 or more persons	54,610	...	...	1,180,770	...	...
Number of persons in private households	1,374,655	...	...	34,460,060	...	...
Average household size	2.6	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	1,131,155	560,970	570,185	29,312,160	14,271,280	15,040,885
Married or living common law	677,550	339,600	337,945	16,893,720	8,452,135	8,441,585
Married	575,690	288,535	287,160	13,383,455	6,693,465	6,689,990
Living common law	101,855	51,070	50,785	3,510,265	1,758,670	1,751,590
Not married and not living common law	453,610	221,365	232,240	12,418,440	5,819,140	6,599,300
Never married	319,635	175,235	144,400	8,254,340	4,444,425	3,809,915
Separated	24,765	10,830	13,940	718,295	309,905	408,400
Divorced	68,000	26,635	41,365	1,816,005	725,535	1,090,470
Widowed	41,205	8,670	32,535	1,629,800	339,280	1,290,525
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	381,845	...	...	9,840,730	...	...
2 persons	175,305	...	...	5,007,790	...	...
3 persons	85,150	...	...	2,107,830	...	...
4 persons	85,540	...	...	1,909,935	...	...
5 or more persons	35,845	...	...	815,170	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	381,850	...	...	9,840,730	...	...
Total couple families	329,420	...	...	8,227,925	...	...
Married couples	278,500	...	...	6,474,005	...	...
Common-law couples	50,915	...	...	1,753,920	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	52,430	...	...	1,612,805	...	...
Female parent	40,670	...	...	1,262,340	...	...
Male parent	11,760	...	...	350,465	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	329,415	...	...	8,227,925	...	...
Couples without children	143,105	...	...	4,024,305	...	...
Couples with children	186,315	...	...	4,203,615	...	...
1 child	70,125	...	...	1,650,165	...	...
2 children	81,655	...	...	1,783,080	...	...
3 or more children	34,530	...	...	770,375	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	52,430	...	...	1,612,805	...	...
1 child	32,200	...	...	983,485	...	...
2 children	15,030	...	...	457,670	...	...
3 or more children	5,200	...	...	171,655	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	235,085	120,495	114,590	6,107,260	2,941,395	3,165,865
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	519,695	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
One-census-family households	352,095	...	...	9,218,225	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	130,885	...	...	3,782,095	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	221,205	...	...	5,436,135	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	14,340	...	...	301,715	...	...
Non-census-family households	153,265	...	...	4,552,135	...	...
One-person households	122,265	...	...	3,969,790	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	30,995	...	...	582,350	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	1,381,340	689,610	691,730	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,080
English only	1,249,525	630,300	619,225	23,757,525	11,838,075	11,919,455
French only	1,270	555	715	4,144,685	1,925,845	2,218,840
English and French	100,425	46,430	54,000	6,216,065	3,071,325	3,144,740
Neither English nor French	30,125	12,325	17,795	648,970	265,920	383,045
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	1,381,345	689,610	691,730	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085
English	1,322,640	662,890	659,745	26,007,500	12,852,330	13,155,165
French	21,435	10,870	10,570	7,705,755	3,780,105	3,925,650
English and French	7,780	3,845	3,940	417,485	209,130	208,355
Neither English nor French	29,485	12,010	17,475	636,515	259,600	376,910
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	25,325	12,785	12,540	7,914,495	3,884,670	4,029,825
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	1.8	1.9	1.8	22.8	22.7	22.8
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	1,381,345	689,610	691,730	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,085
Single responses	1,341,085	670,010	671,080	33,948,620	16,702,840	17,245,775
Official languages	957,770	485,025	472,745	26,627,555	13,201,620	13,425,940
English	937,055	474,525	462,530	19,460,850	9,680,125	9,780,725
French	20,715	10,500	10,215	7,166,705	3,521,495	3,645,215
Non-official languages	383,320	184,985	198,335	7,321,065	3,501,220	3,819,840
Aboriginal languages	800	295	505	195,700	94,795	100,900
Algonquian languages	530	205	325	130,450	62,930	67,520
Blackfoot	240	90	145	2,815	1,325	1,490
Cree-Montagnais languages	215	90	130	88,445	42,920	45,530
Atikamekw	0	0	0	6,150	3,135	3,015
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	10,230	4,885	5,350
Moose Cree	0	0	0	100	50	55
Naskapi	0	0	0	1,205	590	620
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	315	125	190
Plains Cree	55	20	35	3,065	1,360	1,710
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	45	20	25
Swampy Cree	10	5	10	1,440	585	850
Woods Cree	10	5	5	1,840	865	975
Cree, n.o.s.	140	65	75	64,050	31,305	32,745
Eastern Algonquian languages	10	5	5	6,990	3,310	3,680
Malecite	0	0	0	305	140	160
Mi'kmaq	10	5	5	6,690	3,170	3,520
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	60	10	50	32,150	15,350	16,800
Algonquin	0	5	0	1,260	590	670
Ojibway	55	10	40	17,890	8,440	9,450
Oji-Cree	5	0	5	12,855	6,260	6,595
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	5	150	65	85
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	25	20
Athabaskan languages	95	30	65	17,365	8,325	9,045
Northern Athabaskan languages	100	35	65	17,315	8,310	9,010
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	110	55	60
Beaver	0	0	0	190	85	105
Carrier	5	0	5	1,025	465	565
Chilcotin	0	0	0	660	295	360
Dene	20	5	15	10,700	5,185	5,515
Dogrib (Tlicho)	5	0	5	1,645	840	815
Gwich'in	5	5	0	260	110	145
Sarsi (Sarcee)	65	20	40	80	25	50
Sekani	0	0	0	90	45	45
Slavey-Hare languages	5	0	5	1,995	950	1,045
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	765	365	400
South Slavey	0	0	0	945	455	495
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	280	130	150
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	270	135	140
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	180	90	90
Tahltan	0	0	0	95	40	50
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	290	120	170
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	215	90	135
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	70	30	40
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	50	20	35
Haida	0	0	0	75	35	40
Inuit languages	20	10	15	36,545	18,100	18,445
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	5	0	0	1,025	445	575
Inuktitut	5	5	5	35,215	17,530	17,680
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	315	125	185
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	1,115	485	635
Cayuga	0	0	0	45	20	20
Mohawk	0	0	5	980	430	555
Oneida	0	0	0	55	20	40
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	15	20
Kutenai	5	0	0	105	55	55
Michif	15	5	10	465	230	235
Salish languages	0	0	0	2,305	1,130	1,180
Comox	0	0	0	80	45	40
Halkomelem	0	0	0	475	225	245
Lillooet	0	0	0	315	155	155
Okanagan	0	0	0	270	135	135
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	445	225	220
Squamish	0	0	0	40	20	20
Straits	0	0	0	80	40	40
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	335	150	185
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	255	135	125
Siouan languages	110	35	75	4,285	2,070	2,220
Dakota	25	10	15	1,215	570	635
Stoney	85	25	60	3,025	1,465	1,555
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	55	30	25
Tlingit	5	0	5	95	40	55
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	1,480	730	755
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	880	435	445
Nisga'a	0	0	0	400	200	200
Tsimshian	0	0	0	200	90	110
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	805	370	435
Haisla	0	0	0	90	40	50
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	95	40	55
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	325	145	185
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	285	135	140
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	25	15	15	585	295	295
Non-Aboriginal languages	382,515	184,685	197,830	7,125,365	3,406,425	3,718,945
Afro-Asiatic languages	29,655	15,570	14,085	575,365	298,060	277,300
Berber languages	140	80	65	22,135	11,865	10,270
Kabyle	65	30	35	13,150	6,995	6,155
Berber languages, n.i.e.	75	50	30	8,985	4,865	4,115
Cushitic languages	2,475	1,230	1,245	42,885	20,095	22,790
Bilen	50	30	20	805	455	350
Oromo	955	490	460	4,960	2,560	2,400
Somali	1,460	705	755	36,755	16,895	19,865
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	365	195	170
Semitic languages	27,000	14,230	12,765	509,190	265,465	243,725
Amharic	4,075	1,970	2,105	22,465	10,720	11,745
Arabic	18,965	10,190	8,775	419,890	220,785	199,105
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	295	160	135	16,070	7,910	8,160
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	90	45	45	5,545	2,780	2,770
Harari	75	40	35	1,320	635	685
Hebrew	500	255	250	19,530	10,480	9,045
Maltese	35	15	20	5,565	2,765	2,800
Tigrigna	2,755	1,465	1,295	16,650	8,310	8,340
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	210	105	105	2,155	1,085	1,070
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	40	30	15	1,155	635	520
Austro-Asiatic languages	14,430	6,740	7,685	176,725	81,810	94,920
Khmer (Cambodian)	880	420	460	20,130	9,270	10,860
Vietnamese	13,540	6,315	7,225	156,425	72,470	83,955
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	5	5	5	170	65	100
Austronesian languages	48,360	20,915	27,445	511,480	211,580	299,900
Bikol	200	95	110	1,790	790	1,000
Cebuano	2,015	860	1,160	19,890	7,930	11,960
Fijian	45	30	20	745	400	345
Hiligaynon	690	275	415	6,885	2,680	4,205
Ilocano	2,595	1,125	1,475	26,345	10,620	15,720
Malagasy	20	10	15	1,430	665	760
Malay	800	345	455	12,275	5,255	7,020
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	265	135	135	4,040	1,865	2,175
Pangasinan	125	55	75	1,390	590	800
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	40,955	17,730	23,230	431,380	178,575	252,810
Waray-Waray	150	65	80	1,110	430	675
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	485	205	285	4,195	1,770	2,425
Creole languages	635	325	310	72,125	32,310	39,820
Haitian Creole	20	15	10	3,030	1,445	1,590
Creole, n.o.s.	435	215	215	64,105	28,455	35,660
Creole languages, n.i.e.	185	95	85	4,985	2,410	2,575
Dravidian languages	5,260	2,735	2,525	189,405	94,765	94,640
Kannada	285	140	145	3,970	2,040	1,935
Malayalam	2,130	1,095	1,030	28,570	14,770	13,800
Tamil	1,865	985	880	140,720	69,080	71,640
Telugu	950	505	450	15,655	8,640	7,020
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	25	15	15	490	240	250
Hmong-Mien languages	95	45	45	795	395	405
Indo-European languages	187,695	92,925	94,775	3,877,330	1,889,400	1,987,930
Albanian	1,365	720	645	26,890	13,610	13,285
Armenian	255	135	120	33,455	16,270	17,185
Balto-Slavic languages	31,330	14,650	16,675	701,975	323,640	378,340
Baltic languages	535	255	280	12,530	5,315	7,215
Latvian	190	90	95	5,455	2,350	3,105
Lithuanian	340	160	180	7,075	2,965	4,115
Slavic languages	30,795	14,400	16,395	689,450	318,325	371,115
Belarusan	20	10	10	810	385	430
Bosnian	850	420	430	12,210	6,035	6,180
Bulgarian	945	485	460	20,025	9,675	10,345
Croatian	2,100	1,040	1,065	48,200	23,540	24,665
Czech	1,495	700	795	22,290	10,525	11,765
Macedonian	160	75	85	16,775	8,050	8,725
Polish	8,150	3,830	4,315	181,710	82,435	99,275
Russian	9,555	4,310	5,240	188,255	85,400	102,855
Serbian	1,865	930	930	57,350	28,535	28,815
Serbo-Croatian	525	255	270	9,555	4,565	4,985
Slovak	1,175	575	600	17,580	8,075	9,510
Slovene (Slovenian)	270	115	155	9,790	4,415	5,370
Ukrainian	3,625	1,605	2,020	102,485	45,440	57,040
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	65	40	25	2,415	1,255	1,165
Celtic languages	140	70	65	2,690	1,335	1,360
Scottish Gaelic	50	25	30	1,090	540	550
Welsh	65	35	30	1,075	495	575
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	530	295	235
Germanic languages	18,575	8,965	9,615	538,765	258,410	280,350
Afrikaans	960	475	490	10,265	5,115	5,145
Danish	860	450	410	12,630	6,245	6,390
Dutch	4,040	2,015	2,025	99,020	48,200	50,820
Frisian	40	20	20	2,100	1,095	1,005
German	11,865	5,640	6,225	384,035	183,215	200,820
Icelandic	70	35	30	1,285	600	685
Norwegian	245	100	145	4,615	2,170	2,445
Swedish	295	130	165	6,840	3,015	3,825
Vlaams (Flemish)	100	50	50	3,895	1,730	2,165
Yiddish	80	40	45	13,555	6,750	6,800
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	525	280	240
Greek	1,590	795	795	106,525	53,350	53,170
Indo-Iranian languages	91,785	46,490	45,295	1,312,750	664,120	648,630
Indo-Aryan languages	78,710	39,685	39,030	1,064,760	538,530	526,235
Bengali	4,140	2,115	2,025	73,125	37,410	35,720
Gujarati	5,575	2,810	2,765	108,780	55,105	53,670
Hindi	7,390	3,765	3,625	110,640	55,880	54,765
Kashmiri	85	45	35	565	300	265
Konkani	175	90	85	3,330	1,625	1,710
Marathi	845	435	410	8,295	4,300	3,995
Nepali	1,940	1,020	920	18,275	9,230	9,045
Oriya (Odia)	100	50	45	1,055	560	495
Punjabi (Panjabi)	38,840	19,535	19,305	501,680	253,515	248,160
Sindhi	1,740	820	920	11,860	5,605	6,260
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	955	465	495	16,335	8,050	8,285
Urdu	16,930	8,530	8,405	210,815	106,960	103,860
Iranian languages	12,115	6,310	5,805	242,805	122,835	119,970
Kurdish	750	400	350	11,705	6,345	5,355
Pashto	1,640	840	800	16,910	8,760	8,145
Persian (Farsi)	9,725	5,065	4,660	214,200	107,725	106,470
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	955	505	455	5,180	2,755	2,425
Italic (Romance) languages	42,660	21,100	21,565	1,154,270	558,660	595,615
Catalan	45	20	25	865	440	425
Italian	5,430	2,765	2,660	375,635	184,415	191,220
Portuguese	3,700	1,770	1,930	221,540	106,630	114,910
Romanian	4,795	2,455	2,335	96,665	46,195	50,470
Spanish	28,685	14,080	14,600	458,850	220,605	238,245
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	720	380	340
Japanese	2,420	845	1,580	43,640	14,790	28,855
Kartvelian languages	130	75	60	1,715	910	805
Georgian	135	75	55	1,715	910	805
Korean	9,220	4,280	4,945	153,425	70,310	83,115
Mongolic languages	450	215	235	1,575	690	885
Mongolian	450	215	240	1,575	690	880
Niger-Congo languages	5,910	3,035	2,875	91,375	45,075	46,305
Akan (Twi)	705	370	335	13,455	6,490	6,970
Bamanankan	15	5	5	1,535	815	720
Edo	100	65	40	1,670	770	900
Ewe	60	35	25	1,760	950	805
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	80	40	35	2,825	1,495	1,335
Ga	70	35	30	920	445	470
Ganda	45	15	25	1,295	625	665
Igbo	705	380	330	4,235	2,265	1,970
Lingala	85	40	45	3,810	1,785	2,025
Rundi (Kirundi)	150	75	75	5,845	2,785	3,060
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	125	65	60	5,250	2,355	2,895
Shona	320	155	165	3,180	1,520	1,665
Swahili	795	390	410	13,370	6,385	6,990
Wolof	120	65	50	3,990	2,170	1,820
Yoruba	1,430	755	675	9,085	4,785	4,300
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	1,110	545	560	19,135	9,435	9,695
Nilo-Saharan languages	1,515	750	765	5,870	3,025	2,845
Dinka	725	365	360	2,120	1,115	1,000
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	785	380	405	3,755	1,910	1,840
Sign languages	260	150	110	7,500	3,925	3,575
American Sign Language	95	55	45	2,685	1,320	1,360
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	695	340	355
Sign languages, n.i.e	160	95	70	4,120	2,265	1,860
Sino-Tibetan languages	69,200	32,555	36,645	1,269,215	589,570	679,645
Chinese languages	67,960	31,940	36,015	1,253,360	581,650	671,715
Cantonese	34,235	16,085	18,150	565,270	262,865	302,405
Hakka	345	155	185	10,910	4,900	6,015
Mandarin	28,740	13,540	15,200	592,040	274,630	317,410
Min Dong	45	20	25	1,230	580	650
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	1,720	765	955	31,795	14,450	17,350
Wu (Shanghainese)	380	175	205	12,915	5,780	7,140
Chinese, n.o.s.	2,480	1,195	1,290	38,580	18,165	20,410
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	10	5	10	610	275	335
Tibeto-Burman languages	1,240	615	625	15,850	7,925	7,935
Burmese	265	140	130	3,585	1,795	1,790
Karenic languages	280	135	145	4,705	2,355	2,350
Tibetan	550	280	270	6,165	3,080	3,080
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	150	65	80	1,400	695	705
Tai-Kadai languages	1,115	400	715	22,010	8,870	13,145
Lao	470	210	255	12,670	6,145	6,525
Thai	635	185	450	9,255	2,690	6,565
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	80	35	55
Turkic languages	1,775	975	805	40,140	21,120	19,025
Azerbaijani	240	135	105	3,260	1,785	1,470
Turkish	1,265	715	555	32,815	17,375	15,440
Uyghur	60	30	30	1,035	510	525
Uzbek	75	40	35	1,715	855	865
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	140	65	80	1,315	590	720
Uralic languages	4,060	1,960	2,105	81,985	37,790	44,195
Estonian	95	50	45	5,445	2,325	3,115
Finnish	325	130	195	15,295	6,395	8,900
Hungarian	3,640	1,785	1,860	61,235	29,060	32,175
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	10	5	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	330	195	135	3,690	2,045	1,645
Multiple responses	40,255	19,605	20,650	818,635	398,325	420,305
English and French	3,600	1,715	1,885	165,320	80,460	84,860
English and non-official language	34,805	17,005	17,800	533,265	259,160	274,100
French and non-official language	1,060	550	510	86,150	42,170	43,985
English, French and non-official language	795	340	455	33,900	16,535	17,365
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	1,381,345	689,610	691,735	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085
Single responses	1,294,345	647,120	647,220	33,103,860	16,298,475	16,805,395
Official languages	1,073,700	539,385	534,315	29,106,670	14,383,020	14,723,645
English	1,065,075	534,990	530,085	22,162,865	10,966,135	11,196,730
French	8,625	4,395	4,230	6,943,800	3,416,890	3,526,910
Non-official languages	220,640	107,735	112,905	3,997,195	1,915,450	2,081,750
Aboriginal languages	210	105	110	118,470	59,720	58,750
Algonquian languages	145	75	65	75,080	37,825	37,260
Blackfoot	65	30	30	1,115	555	555
Cree-Montagnais languages	70	40	35	55,825	28,135	27,685
Atikamekw	0	0	0	5,465	2,825	2,640
Montagnais (Innu)	0	5	0	8,590	4,195	4,395
Moose Cree	0	0	0	10	5	5
Naskapi	0	0	0	1,200	595	605
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	110	55	60
Plains Cree	5	5	0	1,350	665	685
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	20	5	15
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	330	140	190
Woods Cree	0	0	0	800	410	390
Cree, n.o.s.	60	30	25	37,945	19,240	18,710
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	3,615	1,795	1,820
Malecite	0	0	0	55	30	30
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	3,560	1,770	1,795
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	5	5	14,525	7,335	7,190
Algonquin	0	0	0	370	170	200
Ojibway	5	5	5	6,175	3,165	3,015
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	7,900	3,960	3,940
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	75	40	35
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Athabaskan languages	15	10	10	10,265	5,125	5,135
Northern Athabaskan languages	20	10	5	10,255	5,120	5,135
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Beaver	0	0	0	50	30	20
Carrier	0	0	0	245	115	130
Chilcotin	0	0	0	255	125	130
Dene	5	0	0	7,710	3,805	3,905
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	1,020	550	475
Gwich'in	5	5	5	45	25	25
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	0	0	10	5	5
Sekani	0	0	0	15	10	5
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	820	425	395
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	340	180	155
South Slavey	0	0	0	370	190	185
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	105	55	55
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	25	15	15
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	25	10	10
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	5	5
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	25	15	10
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	10	0	5
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	5
Haida	0	0	0	10	5	0
Inuit languages	5	5	5	29,490	14,995	14,495
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	165	75	90
Inuktitut	0	0	0	29,230	14,885	14,345
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	90	40	55
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	285	135	155
Cayuga	0	0	0	10	0	5
Mohawk	0	0	0	255	115	140
Oneida	0	0	0	15	5	10
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kutenai	5	0	5	15	10	5
Michif	5	0	5	85	40	45
Salish languages	0	0	0	285	130	150
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	45	20	25
Lillooet	0	0	0	25	15	10
Okanagan	0	0	0	85	35	45
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	55	30	20
Squamish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Straits	0	0	0	20	10	15
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	15	10
Siouan languages	40	15	25	2,225	1,085	1,140
Dakota	10	0	10	255	140	120
Stoney	25	10	15	1,950	940	1,010
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	15
Tlingit	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	410	210	190
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	315	155	155
Nisga'a	0	0	0	70	40	30
Tsimshian	0	0	0	25	15	15
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	75	45	35
Haisla	0	0	0	20	10	15
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	5	5	5
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	30	15	15
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	5	0	5	235	110	125
Non-Aboriginal languages	220,435	107,630	112,800	3,878,725	1,855,730	2,022,995
Afro-Asiatic languages	18,255	9,320	8,935	307,755	153,275	154,480
Berber languages	65	40	25	8,105	4,215	3,895
Kabyle	30	15	15	5,490	2,855	2,640
Berber languages, n.i.e.	35	20	15	2,620	1,365	1,260
Cushitic languages	1,645	805	845	27,095	12,455	14,640
Bilen	45	25	25	620	330	285
Oromo	705	350	360	3,410	1,700	1,710
Somali	885	425	460	22,895	10,340	12,555
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	185	85	95
Semitic languages	16,525	8,475	8,055	272,100	136,390	135,720
Amharic	2,730	1,310	1,420	12,780	6,010	6,770
Arabic	11,010	5,690	5,320	223,540	112,690	110,850
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	200	105	100	10,510	5,090	5,425
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	80	40	35	3,445	1,695	1,750
Harari	50	25	25	735	335	400
Hebrew	260	130	130	8,560	4,425	4,135
Maltese	5	5	5	1,130	525	605
Tigrigna	2,045	1,095	955	10,205	5,040	5,170
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	145	70	75	1,200	585	620
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	440	215	230
Austro-Asiatic languages	9,365	4,400	4,970	115,210	53,500	61,710
Khmer (Cambodian)	440	215	225	10,880	4,940	5,945
Vietnamese	8,925	4,185	4,740	104,245	48,525	55,725
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	85	40	45
Austronesian languages	25,700	11,990	13,710	239,785	108,110	131,680
Bikol	45	25	20	290	140	155
Cebuano	865	410	455	7,210	3,325	3,880
Fijian	15	10	5	195	105	90
Hiligaynon	205	95	115	2,205	970	1,240
Ilocano	1,030	480	545	9,125	4,045	5,080
Malagasy	10	5	5	435	220	210
Malay	235	125	110	3,620	1,710	1,910
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	65	30	30	1,200	565	630
Pangasinan	15	5	10	240	110	135
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	23,010	10,720	12,290	213,790	96,235	117,555
Waray-Waray	50	25	25	310	135	170
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	145	65	85	1,160	545	620
Creole languages	290	145	140	27,860	12,005	15,850
Haitian Creole	5	0	5	1,280	575	705
Creole, n.o.s.	220	110	105	24,575	10,510	14,060
Creole languages, n.i.e.	65	35	30	2,005	920	1,085
Dravidian languages	3,185	1,615	1,565	122,490	59,780	62,710
Kannada	115	60	55	1,630	825	800
Malayalam	1,295	655	635	15,440	7,865	7,575
Tamil	1,190	600	590	96,955	46,570	50,385
Telugu	560	290	270	8,280	4,430	3,850
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	190	85	105
Hmong-Mien languages	60	30	35	340	160	180
Indo-European languages	102,690	51,075	51,620	1,911,215	927,225	983,985
Albanian	620	335	285	13,135	6,575	6,560
Armenian	105	55	55	21,505	10,165	11,345
Balto-Slavic languages	13,865	6,775	7,085	314,965	149,315	165,650
Baltic languages	240	130	110	3,275	1,400	1,870
Latvian	85	45	40	1,255	530	725
Lithuanian	155	80	70	2,020	870	1,150
Slavic languages	13,625	6,645	6,980	311,690	147,910	163,780
Belarusan	0	0	5	230	105	120
Bosnian	390	195	195	6,045	3,010	3,040
Bulgarian	485	240	235	11,985	5,835	6,150
Croatian	745	365	380	16,775	7,980	8,795
Czech	430	205	220	6,235	3,060	3,180
Macedonian	80	45	45	6,830	3,250	3,580
Polish	3,275	1,585	1,690	74,780	34,910	39,870
Russian	5,785	2,800	2,985	116,595	55,175	61,425
Serbian	945	465	480	31,750	15,665	16,085
Serbo-Croatian	180	90	90	3,885	1,865	2,020
Slovak	465	225	240	5,615	2,685	2,920
Slovene (Slovenian)	40	15	25	2,050	905	1,145
Ukrainian	790	395	395	28,250	13,150	15,100
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	670	310	360
Celtic languages	15	10	0	360	205	155
Scottish Gaelic	5	5	0	185	105	80
Welsh	5	5	5	95	50	45
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	80	50	30
Germanic languages	2,725	1,300	1,430	146,455	71,835	74,615
Afrikaans	505	240	265	4,790	2,355	2,435
Danish	70	30	35	855	410	445
Dutch	490	235	255	9,565	4,630	4,935
Frisian	5	0	5	185	95	90
German	1,540	730	810	120,335	58,905	61,435
Icelandic	15	10	5	270	120	150
Norwegian	25	10	15	345	145	200
Swedish	50	25	30	1,045	500	545
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	5	5	355	170	185
Yiddish	10	5	5	7,080	3,695	3,385
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	1,625	820	810
Greek	500	230	265	44,545	21,110	23,440
Indo-Iranian languages	61,795	30,995	30,800	838,755	416,960	421,795
Indo-Aryan languages	53,300	26,715	26,585	676,185	337,440	338,745
Bengali	2,745	1,375	1,370	47,350	23,585	23,765
Gujarati	3,125	1,565	1,560	64,150	31,740	32,405
Hindi	4,130	2,125	2,010	55,510	27,805	27,710
Kashmiri	45	20	25	135	70	70
Konkani	30	15	15	720	355	370
Marathi	445	225	215	3,780	1,940	1,840
Nepali	1,340	690	645	13,375	6,710	6,670
Oriya (Odia)	50	25	20	470	235	240
Punjabi (Panjabi)	29,100	14,565	14,535	349,145	174,905	174,240
Sindhi	745	330	415	4,975	2,280	2,695
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	490	245	245	7,790	3,860	3,925
Urdu	11,065	5,530	5,535	128,785	63,965	64,820
Iranian languages	7,995	4,025	3,965	160,195	78,310	81,880
Kurdish	460	235	225	6,580	3,400	3,175
Pashto	1,055	535	520	10,590	5,305	5,290
Persian (Farsi)	6,480	3,255	3,225	143,020	69,600	73,425
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	500	255	245	2,375	1,215	1,160
Italic (Romance) languages	23,070	11,375	11,695	531,485	251,050	280,440
Catalan	20	10	10	355	165	190
Italian	1,270	565	705	115,415	49,975	65,440
Portuguese	1,770	860	910	98,710	46,915	51,795
Romanian	2,470	1,280	1,190	53,320	25,795	27,525
Spanish	17,540	8,665	8,875	263,510	128,110	135,400
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	180	85	95
Japanese	1,105	485	625	19,785	8,265	11,515
Kartvelian languages	80	45	35	1,040	565	475
Georgian	85	45	35	1,035	565	475
Korean	6,565	3,130	3,435	109,705	51,385	58,320
Mongolic languages	280	135	145	910	440	470
Mongolian	280	135	145	910	435	470
Niger-Congo languages	1,825	875	950	28,665	13,340	15,320
Akan (Twi)	330	170	160	5,990	2,695	3,295
Bamanankan	5	5	0	340	180	160
Edo	25	10	15	415	175	240
Ewe	15	10	10	410	185	225
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	40	25	20	825	400	425
Ga	25	10	15	250	105	140
Ganda	0	5	0	345	160	185
Igbo	135	65	75	1,000	485	510
Lingala	25	10	15	1,045	455	590
Rundi (Kirundi)	60	35	35	2,110	990	1,115
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	25	10	15	1,530	670	865
Shona	95	40	55	1,035	475	560
Swahili	345	155	190	5,370	2,500	2,870
Wolof	60	35	30	1,380	745	635
Yoruba	345	170	180	2,615	1,275	1,340
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	280	135	145	4,010	1,850	2,160
Nilo-Saharan languages	910	440	475	2,650	1,305	1,350
Dinka	445	215	230	1,130	580	550
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	465	220	245	1,525	730	800
Sign languages	335	195	145	10,445	5,870	4,570
American Sign Language	90	45	40	3,015	1,560	1,460
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	730	375	355
Sign languages, n.i.e	255	155	100	6,690	3,935	2,755
Sino-Tibetan languages	46,860	22,300	24,565	924,720	433,530	491,190
Chinese languages	45,985	21,855	24,125	913,365	427,860	485,505
Cantonese	22,245	10,380	11,860	400,215	184,340	215,885
Hakka	95	35	60	4,080	1,820	2,265
Mandarin	21,140	10,245	10,895	462,890	220,075	242,815
Min Dong	5	0	5	345	150	195
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	675	295	385	13,965	6,345	7,625
Wu (Shanghainese)	210	110	105	7,650	3,580	4,075
Chinese, n.o.s.	1,605	795	815	23,935	11,440	12,500
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	280	130	150
Tibeto-Burman languages	875	440	440	11,350	5,670	5,680
Burmese	175	85	90	2,245	1,115	1,125
Karenic languages	235	110	130	3,865	1,935	1,930
Tibetan	400	210	190	4,590	2,305	2,280
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	70	35	35	655	305	345
Tai-Kadai languages	420	185	235	9,565	4,455	5,110
Lao	190	85	105	6,175	2,995	3,180
Thai	225	100	130	3,360	1,450	1,915
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	5	0	5	30	15	15
Turkic languages	1,000	520	475	22,250	11,205	11,045
Azerbaijani	105	55	45	1,245	640	610
Turkish	755	400	355	18,955	9,525	9,430
Uyghur	45	20	25	610	315	290
Uzbek	55	25	25	990	505	490
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	45	20	25	455	230	225
Uralic languages	1,380	680	705	23,245	10,715	12,535
Estonian	15	5	10	975	365	610
Finnish	55	30	25	2,790	1,220	1,565
Hungarian	1,310	645	665	19,485	9,125	10,355
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	5	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	110	70	45	1,110	605	500
Multiple responses	87,000	42,490	44,510	1,663,390	802,695	860,690
English and French	2,450	1,215	1,230	160,185	77,940	82,235
English and non-official language	82,870	40,470	42,400	1,284,975	620,375	664,600
French and non-official language	390	190	200	148,915	70,915	78,000
English, French and non-official language	1,290	610	680	69,315	33,465	35,850
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	1,381,345	689,615	691,730	34,767,255	17,101,165	17,666,080
None	1,154,535	579,705	574,830	29,615,245	14,612,175	15,003,065
English	97,375	48,485	48,900	2,109,340	1,045,215	1,064,120
French	13,880	6,315	7,565	731,095	342,245	388,855
Non-official language	111,480	53,085	58,390	2,151,690	1,023,940	1,127,750
Aboriginal	690	280	415	90,740	42,890	47,850
Non-Aboriginal	110,785	52,805	57,980	2,060,945	981,055	1,079,895
English and French	675	340	340	47,970	23,785	24,190
English and non-official language	2,145	1,095	1,045	61,075	30,045	31,030
French and non-official language	1,220	575	650	48,755	22,690	26,065
English, French and non-official language	35	20	15	2,080	1,075	1,010
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	1,113,985	553,435	560,545	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,355
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,058,110	525,830	532,275	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,190
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,974	53,951	35,687	34,204	40,782	28,860
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,058,325	525,890	532,440	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,003	46,422	32,464	30,866	35,933	26,621
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	991,395	504,130	487,265	24,583,315	12,296,595	12,286,725
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,801	53,736	34,999	32,762	39,925	26,613
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	603,670	236,975	366,695	19,743,240	8,755,815	10,987,430
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	3,050	2,073	3,390	5,453	4,199	6,136
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	863,730	449,090	414,640	20,428,685	10,547,760	9,880,925
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,080	53,428	35,946	33,684	39,836	28,474
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	1,113,965	553,420	560,545	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,058,645	525,895	532,750	27,489,395	13,441,555	14,047,845
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	69,177	88,050	50,548	47,487	56,740	38,632
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,058,830	525,945	532,885	27,500,230	13,446,230	14,053,995
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	54,906	68,058	41,925	38,977	45,404	32,828
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	991,730	504,230	487,500	24,584,065	12,295,015	12,289,055
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	69,906	88,800	50,363	46,885	56,803	36,962
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	603,830	236,925	366,905	19,742,130	8,752,070	10,990,060
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,470	6,455	6,480	7,738	7,345	8,050
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	863,730	448,880	414,845	20,428,670	10,542,540	9,886,130
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	65,505	81,526	48,170	46,057	54,369	37,193
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	1,113,965	553,425	560,545	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	407,690	233,060	174,625	9,367,045	5,231,015	4,136,035
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	66,442	74,517	57,725	53,431	59,326	47,420
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	91,015	106,334	70,571	65,997	74,289	55,510
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	94.7	96.7	91.3	88.3	91.6	83.7
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	77.0	78.9	73.7	72.0	75.2	67.7
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	5.3	3.3	8.7	11.7	8.4	16.3
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	1,113,985	553,440	560,545	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360
Without total income	55,875	27,610	28,270	1,154,450	546,285	608,165
With total income	1,058,110	525,830	532,275	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,195
Percentage with total income	95.0	95.0	95.0	96.0	96.1	95.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	137,795	53,675	84,125	3,877,620	1,668,960	2,208,655
$10,000 to $19,999	130,050	51,980	78,065	4,680,380	1,867,600	2,812,785
$20,000 to $29,999	118,615	47,765	70,850	3,807,840	1,593,335	2,214,505
$30,000 to $39,999	102,090	45,305	56,780	3,206,175	1,472,670	1,733,510
$40,000 to $49,999	98,245	46,560	51,680	2,827,045	1,376,565	1,450,480
$50,000 to $59,999	85,120	42,580	42,540	2,179,775	1,145,685	1,034,090
$60,000 to $69,999	70,325	37,550	32,780	1,655,070	938,755	716,310
$70,000 to $79,999	56,815	32,105	24,710	1,271,850	745,830	526,015
$80,000 to $89,999	45,800	26,625	19,175	966,885	579,290	387,590
$90,000 to $99,999	38,945	22,460	16,485	749,290	452,240	297,050
$100,000 and over	174,305	119,220	55,090	2,266,600	1,603,400	663,195
$100,000 to $149,999	96,090	60,925	35,165	1,493,570	1,024,210	469,365
$150,000 and over	78,215	58,290	19,930	773,025	579,190	193,830
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	1,113,985	553,440	560,545	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360
Without after-tax income	55,655	27,550	28,110	1,143,795	541,620	602,175
With after-tax income	1,058,330	525,890	532,440	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175
Percentage with after-tax income	95.0	95.0	95.0	96.0	96.1	95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	141,235	54,750	86,490	4,004,475	1,706,825	2,297,645
$10,000 to $19,999	135,750	54,530	81,220	4,905,055	1,972,920	2,932,130
$20,000 to $29,999	137,235	56,100	81,140	4,489,925	1,926,175	2,563,755
$30,000 to $39,999	127,800	58,980	68,820	3,924,960	1,870,705	2,054,250
$40,000 to $49,999	119,540	59,170	60,375	3,144,200	1,619,670	1,524,525
$50,000 to $59,999	94,345	50,305	44,040	2,209,280	1,245,570	963,705
$60,000 to $69,999	71,485	40,765	30,720	1,540,300	912,230	628,065
$70,000 to $79,999	54,845	32,040	22,800	1,076,180	654,570	421,610
$80,000 and over	176,090	119,260	56,830	2,204,820	1,540,335	664,485
$80,000 to $89,999	41,415	24,490	16,920	688,705	444,550	244,145
$90,000 to $99,999	28,595	18,085	10,510	420,975	291,090	129,885
$100,000 and over	106,080	76,690	29,390	1,095,140	804,690	290,445
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	1,113,985	553,440	560,545	28,642,980	13,990,625	14,652,360
Without employment income	250,255	104,350	145,910	8,214,295	3,442,860	4,771,430
With employment income	863,730	449,090	414,640	20,428,690	10,547,760	9,880,925
Percentage with employment income	77.5	81.1	74.0	71.3	75.4	67.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	90,985	41,065	49,920	2,778,990	1,357,430	1,421,560
$5,000 to $9,999	55,495	23,595	31,900	1,602,140	697,025	905,120
$10,000 to $19,999	94,220	40,565	53,660	2,736,010	1,212,855	1,523,155
$20,000 to $29,999	81,015	34,610	46,405	2,293,785	1,022,090	1,271,695
$30,000 to $39,999	77,870	35,925	41,945	2,149,860	1,001,065	1,148,795
$40,000 to $49,999	76,565	36,805	39,755	1,928,565	946,625	981,940
$50,000 to $59,999	67,875	34,070	33,800	1,554,100	839,045	715,055
$60,000 to $69,999	56,520	30,975	25,545	1,220,310	708,270	512,040
$70,000 to $79,999	46,780	26,710	20,070	992,170	591,945	400,225
$80,000 and over	216,400	144,765	71,640	3,172,770	2,171,415	1,001,355
$80,000 to $89,999	38,545	22,880	15,665	773,755	475,700	298,055
$90,000 to $99,999	33,975	19,695	14,275	623,980	382,330	241,650
$100,000 and over	143,885	102,185	41,695	1,775,030	1,313,385	461,645
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	519,695	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	99,583	...	...	70,336	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	84,773	...	...	61,348	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	122,265	...	...	3,969,790	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	52,765	...	...	35,174	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	44,957	...	...	31,446	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	397,425	...	...	10,102,290	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	117,385	...	...	88,249	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	99,568	...	...	76,419	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	519,695	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	140,919	...	...	92,764	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	111,867	...	...	76,171	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	122,340	...	...	3,967,765	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	71,649	...	...	46,799	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	57,165	...	...	38,685	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	397,355	...	...	10,104,315	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	162,245	...	...	110,813	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	128,709	...	...	90,890	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	519,695	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Under $5,000	7,580	...	...	228,790	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	4,650	...	...	200,315	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5,615	...	...	374,575	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	9,915	...	...	565,940	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	14,625	...	...	602,800	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	11,435	...	...	538,710	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	12,745	...	...	603,480	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	13,875	...	...	606,600	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	14,260	...	...	596,110	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	14,675	...	...	578,325	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	30,830	...	...	1,097,345	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	31,450	...	...	1,010,415	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	30,750	...	...	924,320	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	29,960	...	...	836,765	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	28,610	...	...	745,655	...	...
$100,000 and over	258,720	...	...	4,561,920	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	62,815	...	...	1,470,255	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	48,480	...	...	1,016,245	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	63,120	...	...	1,116,140	...	...
$200,000 and over	84,300	...	...	959,285	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	519,695	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Under $5,000	8,245	...	...	243,780	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	4,745	...	...	203,865	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5,820	...	...	380,680	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10,365	...	...	591,660	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	15,680	...	...	673,740	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	13,240	...	...	628,225	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	15,250	...	...	719,825	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	16,905	...	...	725,675	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	18,085	...	...	711,180	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	19,085	...	...	691,695	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	38,715	...	...	1,299,680	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	38,605	...	...	1,169,515	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	37,550	...	...	1,041,635	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	35,710	...	...	900,055	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	32,340	...	...	757,295	...	...
$100,000 and over	209,355	...	...	3,333,575	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	65,380	...	...	1,371,945	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	46,090	...	...	809,540	...	...
$150,000 and over	97,885	...	...	1,152,090	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	375,125	...	...	9,688,845	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	116,039	...	...	88,306	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	98,370	...	...	76,372	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	128,760	...	...	3,706,220	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	108,340	...	...	78,976	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	91,303	...	...	68,309	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	186,265	...	...	4,222,140	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	137,496	...	...	113,465	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	115,515	...	...	96,608	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	47,670	...	...	1,481,410	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	67,746	...	...	53,193	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	60,725	...	...	48,856	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	375,090	...	...	9,689,855	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	162,881	...	...	111,235	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	128,783	...	...	91,040	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	128,665	...	...	3,706,400	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	156,808	...	...	101,086	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	123,381	...	...	82,296	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	186,370	...	...	4,225,855	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	188,019	...	...	137,094	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	147,593	...	...	111,307	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	47,315	...	...	1,477,190	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	89,696	...	...	65,549	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	75,267	...	...	56,687	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	199,990	104,835	95,160	5,313,545	2,608,845	2,704,705
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	44,763	47,895	41,394	31,890	34,483	29,801
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	39,249	41,382	36,880	28,959	30,746	27,495
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	199,555	104,735	94,825	5,299,050	2,596,985	2,702,070
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	60,832	66,027	55,095	42,939	46,085	39,915
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	49,266	52,646	45,533	35,801	37,724	33,952
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	1,374,650	687,050	687,600	34,460,065	16,971,550	17,488,515
In the bottom half of the distribution	495,670	241,190	254,485	17,229,835	8,256,970	8,972,865
In the bottom decile	96,955	48,270	48,680	3,445,950	1,672,900	1,773,050
In the second decile	86,825	40,300	46,525	3,445,660	1,564,965	1,880,700
In the third decile	95,100	45,585	49,515	3,446,165	1,641,930	1,804,235
In the fourth decile	102,905	50,495	52,410	3,445,850	1,677,120	1,768,730
In the fifth decile	113,890	56,535	57,355	3,446,210	1,700,060	1,746,150
In the top half of the distribution	878,980	445,860	433,120	17,230,230	8,714,580	8,515,650
In the sixth decile	123,065	61,590	61,480	3,445,695	1,716,510	1,729,185
In the seventh decile	133,460	67,065	66,395	3,446,470	1,730,975	1,715,500
In the eighth decile	148,820	75,330	73,490	3,445,940	1,741,640	1,704,300
In the ninth decile	180,235	91,125	89,105	3,446,045	1,751,850	1,694,195
In the top decile	293,410	150,755	142,650	3,446,080	1,773,600	1,672,475
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	1,373,010	686,215	686,790	33,968,295	16,724,265	17,244,035
0 to 17 years	307,210	157,515	149,690	6,836,380	3,504,250	3,332,125
0 to 5 years	106,845	54,790	52,055	2,228,770	1,142,505	1,086,270
18 to 64 years	924,220	462,145	462,075	21,695,090	10,690,090	11,005,005
65 years and over	141,575	66,550	75,020	5,436,830	2,529,930	2,906,905
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	121,990	58,430	63,565	4,809,940	2,243,200	2,566,740
0 to 17 years	37,410	19,210	18,195	1,163,830	597,570	566,255
0 to 5 years	13,335	6,835	6,500	396,095	203,055	193,030
18 to 64 years	73,095	34,830	38,270	2,855,290	1,341,590	1,513,700
65 years and over	11,485	4,390	7,100	790,825	304,040	486,780
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	8.9	8.5	9.3	14.2	13.4	14.9
0 to 17 years (%)	12.2	12.2	12.2	17.0	17.1	17.0
0 to 5 years (%)	12.5	12.5	12.5	17.8	17.8	17.8
18 to 64 years (%)	7.9	7.5	8.3	13.2	12.5	13.8
65 years and over (%)	8.1	6.6	9.5	14.5	12.0	16.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	111,150	55,085	56,065	3,128,995	1,519,370	1,609,630
0 to 17 years	30,055	15,465	14,595	696,025	357,255	338,770
0 to 5 years	10,685	5,475	5,210	236,435	121,170	115,260
18 to 64 years	74,510	36,940	37,570	2,157,745	1,057,585	1,100,160
65 years and over	6,585	2,685	3,905	275,225	104,525	170,695
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	8.1	8.0	8.2	9.2	9.1	9.3
0 to 17 years (%)	9.8	9.8	9.8	10.2	10.2	10.2
0 to 5 years (%)	10.0	10.0	10.0	10.6	10.6	10.6
18 to 64 years (%)	8.1	8.0	8.1	9.9	9.9	10.0
65 years and over (%)	4.7	4.0	5.2	5.1	4.1	5.9
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	1,374,650	687,050	687,600	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
Official languages	1,344,650	674,485	670,160	33,818,210	16,709,290	17,108,920
English	1,343,335	673,895	669,440	29,748,265	14,806,270	14,941,995
French	101,440	46,945	54,495	10,242,945	4,952,455	5,290,495
Non-official languages	484,740	235,150	249,590	9,369,280	4,488,185	4,881,090
Aboriginal languages	1,305	515	785	263,845	127,550	136,295
Algonquian languages	920	365	555	177,570	85,505	92,065
Blackfoot	355	120	230	5,645	2,695	2,950
Cree-Montagnais languages	480	215	270	116,585	56,515	60,070
Atikamekw	0	0	0	6,640	3,335	3,305
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	11,440	5,500	5,945
Moose Cree	0	0	0	195	80	115
Naskapi	0	0	0	1,465	710	755
Northern East Cree	15	0	0	545	225	320
Plains Cree	135	70	65	5,905	2,705	3,200
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	40	30	10
Swampy Cree	10	0	0	2,345	995	1,350
Woods Cree	65	10	55	2,665	1,230	1,435
Cree, n.o.s.	255	120	140	86,115	42,080	44,035
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	9,765	4,710	5,050
Malecite	0	0	0	755	370	390
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	9,025	4,350	4,670
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	110	45	60	46,685	22,100	24,585
Algonquin	0	0	0	2,480	1,165	1,315
Ojibway	95	40	55	28,585	13,365	15,220
Oji-Cree	10	10	10	15,610	7,575	8,030
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	10	205	105	105
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	120	60	60
Athabaskan languages	175	75	95	23,655	11,340	12,320
Northern Athabaskan languages	175	75	95	23,570	11,300	12,265
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	210	105	100
Beaver	0	0	0	340	180	165
Carrier	0	0	0	2,105	955	1,145
Chilcotin	10	0	0	1,150	535	610
Dene	20	10	10	13,060	6,270	6,790
Dogrib (Tlicho)	10	0	0	2,375	1,210	1,165
Gwich'in	0	0	0	360	165	200
Sarsi (Sarcee)	135	60	75	150	60	90
Sekani	0	0	0	185	85	100
Slavey-Hare languages	10	10	0	2,815	1,340	1,475
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	1,010	475	530
South Slavey	10	10	0	1,365	660	710
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	680	320	360
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	630	340	285
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	365	205	170
Tahltan	0	0	0	270	140	130
Tutchone languages	10	0	0	420	160	260
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	285	115	170
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	145	50	95
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	85	35	50
Haida	0	0	0	465	205	260
Inuit languages	40	10	25	42,980	21,355	21,630
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	25	10	10	1,975	895	1,080
Inuktitut	10	0	10	40,620	20,280	20,340
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	470	225	240
Iroquoian languages	10	10	0	2,800	1,240	1,555
Cayuga	0	0	0	125	40	85
Mohawk	10	10	0	2,415	1,120	1,295
Oneida	0	0	0	180	60	125
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	115	45	75
Kutenai	0	0	0	175	95	80
Michif	20	10	15	1,210	585	625
Salish languages	0	0	10	5,750	2,730	3,015
Comox	0	0	0	185	75	110
Halkomelem	0	0	0	1,060	475	585
Lillooet	0	0	0	790	405	385
Okanagan	0	0	0	820	370	450
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	1,305	640	665
Squamish	0	0	0	285	125	155
Straits	10	0	0	360	160	200
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	450	220	235
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	565	295	270
Siouan languages	130	35	100	5,430	2,665	2,770
Dakota	60	25	35	1,760	870	890
Stoney	95	15	75	3,675	1,805	1,875
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	140	70	70
Tlingit	0	0	0	260	140	120
Tsimshian languages	15	10	10	2,730	1,350	1,380
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	15	10	0	1,305	645	660
Nisga'a	0	0	0	1,060	545	515
Tsimshian	0	0	0	410	180	235
Wakashan languages	10	0	0	1,490	680	805
Haisla	0	0	0	175	65	110
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	125	50	75
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	10	0	0	605	285	320
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	565	265	300
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	20	10
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	15	10	0	665	310	360
Non-Aboriginal languages	483,460	234,650	248,815	9,107,075	4,361,420	4,745,660
Afro-Asiatic languages	41,755	21,940	19,815	837,355	432,560	404,795
Berber languages	200	140	60	29,460	15,745	13,715
Kabyle	110	60	45	17,120	9,100	8,015
Berber languages, n.i.e.	90	80	15	12,505	6,735	5,775
Cushitic languages	3,580	1,825	1,760	57,125	26,870	30,250
Bilen	65	45	25	1,085	625	470
Oromo	1,370	715	655	6,245	3,070	3,175
Somali	2,175	1,085	1,090	49,665	23,070	26,590
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	15	480	220	265
Semitic languages	38,585	20,340	18,240	771,130	400,780	370,350
Amharic	5,780	2,930	2,845	33,670	16,675	16,995
Arabic	28,530	15,190	13,345	629,055	329,235	299,820
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	335	170	165	19,745	9,720	10,020
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	120	55	60	7,115	3,505	3,610
Harari	95	50	45	1,710	855	860
Hebrew	1,610	775	835	75,020	38,730	36,290
Maltese	40	30	10	7,625	3,760	3,870
Tigrigna	3,565	1,935	1,630	21,340	10,640	10,705
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	250	140	110	3,220	1,655	1,565
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	170	105	70	2,775	1,440	1,335
Austro-Asiatic languages	18,485	8,785	9,695	224,865	105,845	119,020
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,200	655	545	27,035	12,640	14,400
Vietnamese	17,345	8,165	9,180	198,895	93,735	105,155
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	190	70	120
Austronesian languages	60,875	26,185	34,690	656,200	273,075	383,125
Bikol	170	65	105	2,075	885	1,190
Cebuano	2,825	1,250	1,575	27,045	10,960	16,085
Fijian	140	75	60	1,660	955	705
Hiligaynon	930	365	565	7,925	3,200	4,720
Ilocano	3,690	1,595	2,100	34,530	13,805	20,730
Malagasy	45	20	20	2,335	1,120	1,220
Malay	1,505	710	795	22,470	10,370	12,100
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	445	215	230	5,425	2,445	2,980
Pangasinan	205	80	120	1,800	790	1,015
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	57,570	24,600	32,975	612,735	253,210	359,530
Waray-Waray	195	80	115	1,395	530	860
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	570	240	335	5,585	2,540	3,040
Creole languages	1,790	890	895	155,615	70,545	85,070
Haitian Creole	80	45	35	6,850	3,140	3,710
Creole, n.o.s.	1,110	560	555	133,045	59,890	73,160
Creole languages, n.i.e.	600	295	310	16,635	7,955	8,675
Dravidian languages	7,230	3,795	3,440	250,180	126,220	123,960
Kannada	540	270	275	8,245	4,180	4,065
Malayalam	2,605	1,375	1,230	37,810	19,410	18,400
Tamil	3,215	1,695	1,520	189,860	94,640	95,220
Telugu	1,290	680	615	23,160	12,770	10,390
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	75	40	40	790	385	405
Hmong-Mien languages	85	40	45	870	435	435
Indo-European languages	248,155	123,285	124,870	5,158,010	2,506,455	2,651,555
Albanian	1,735	915	825	31,930	16,140	15,790
Armenian	295	165	130	41,295	19,980	21,315
Balto-Slavic languages	36,635	17,825	18,810	817,315	384,960	432,350
Baltic languages	645	310	335	14,675	6,470	8,205
Latvian	265	140	125	6,500	2,960	3,540
Lithuanian	380	170	210	8,185	3,510	4,675
Slavic languages	36,225	17,635	18,595	805,915	379,965	425,945
Belarusan	70	30	45	2,265	1,070	1,195
Bosnian	1,330	715	615	18,265	9,055	9,215
Bulgarian	1,100	590	515	22,425	10,920	11,505
Croatian	2,770	1,375	1,390	69,840	34,515	35,325
Czech	1,795	840	955	28,720	13,675	15,050
Macedonian	275	150	125	23,075	11,190	11,880
Polish	9,565	4,595	4,970	214,965	99,365	115,600
Russian	13,705	6,585	7,115	269,645	127,055	142,595
Serbian	2,365	1,170	1,195	73,775	37,040	36,740
Serbo-Croatian	575	315	260	11,275	5,525	5,750
Slovak	1,605	880	725	21,470	10,215	11,255
Slovene (Slovenian)	330	155	170	11,495	5,205	6,290
Ukrainian	4,770	2,165	2,605	132,115	58,820	73,300
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	70	35	40	3,000	1,590	1,405
Celtic languages	465	220	245	9,165	4,705	4,455
Scottish Gaelic	170	85	85	3,980	2,010	1,975
Welsh	110	65	50	1,690	830	860
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	190	75	110	3,590	1,915	1,680
Germanic languages	27,585	13,695	13,890	695,535	337,215	358,320
Afrikaans	1,955	1,040	920	23,410	11,795	11,610
Danish	1,060	500	560	15,745	7,320	8,425
Dutch	4,940	2,445	2,495	120,865	57,885	62,990
Frisian	65	25	35	2,910	1,515	1,395
German	19,080	9,585	9,490	502,730	245,745	256,985
Icelandic	80	40	45	1,780	830	945
Norwegian	495	195	300	8,120	3,860	4,260
Swedish	640	310	330	14,140	6,510	7,635
Vlaams (Flemish)	125	60	65	4,400	1,945	2,455
Yiddish	175	100	75	20,985	10,435	10,550
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	70	25	45	8,710	4,425	4,285
Greek	2,490	1,255	1,235	150,965	75,510	75,455
Indo-Iranian languages	114,370	58,080	56,290	1,658,220	840,850	817,365
Indo-Aryan languages	101,665	51,330	50,335	1,387,805	704,370	683,435
Bengali	5,050	2,540	2,510	91,220	46,935	44,285
Gujarati	8,585	4,165	4,420	149,045	74,765	74,285
Hindi	29,820	15,285	14,535	433,365	221,665	211,700
Kashmiri	65	45	20	905	490	420
Konkani	380	200	185	6,790	3,185	3,605
Marathi	1,545	805	740	15,570	8,200	7,365
Nepali	2,220	1,225	995	21,380	10,915	10,470
Oriya (Odia)	145	75	75	1,535	755	775
Punjabi (Panjabi)	51,070	25,905	25,165	668,240	341,450	326,790
Sindhi	2,765	1,220	1,540	20,260	9,310	10,945
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	1,395	690	700	27,825	13,970	13,855
Urdu	26,020	13,300	12,720	322,220	164,685	157,535
Iranian languages	13,580	7,145	6,435	281,715	142,030	139,680
Kurdish	1,005	545	460	15,290	8,290	7,000
Pashto	2,185	1,180	1,005	23,180	12,465	10,715
Persian (Farsi)	10,760	5,670	5,090	252,320	126,565	125,755
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	1,170	635	535	8,875	4,715	4,155
Italic (Romance) languages	70,645	34,285	36,360	1,897,630	898,530	999,100
Catalan	85	45	35	2,035	1,145	890
Italian	9,565	4,720	4,840	574,725	278,500	296,225
Portuguese	5,365	2,635	2,730	295,955	144,465	151,485
Romanian	5,945	3,095	2,850	115,050	55,275	59,770
Spanish	52,265	25,140	27,120	995,255	460,250	535,010
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	75	45	30	2,680	1,610	1,075
Japanese	4,400	1,990	2,415	83,090	36,760	46,335
Kartvelian languages	140	90	50	2,150	1,075	1,075
Georgian	140	90	50	2,150	1,080	1,070
Korean	10,240	4,790	5,455	172,755	80,170	92,590
Mongolic languages	660	310	350	2,090	960	1,130
Mongolian	660	305	350	2,090	960	1,130
Niger-Congo languages	12,065	6,090	5,970	177,215	88,135	89,080
Akan (Twi)	1,150	610	545	22,145	10,810	11,340
Bamanankan	20	10	10	3,190	1,660	1,530
Edo	240	145	95	3,220	1,510	1,705
Ewe	75	35	40	3,000	1,685	1,315
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	135	80	60	4,725	2,460	2,260
Ga	115	65	50	2,250	1,140	1,110
Ganda	80	30	45	2,495	1,175	1,320
Igbo	1,495	785	710	8,850	4,710	4,140
Lingala	430	225	195	17,010	7,865	9,145
Rundi (Kirundi)	170	95	80	8,590	4,075	4,515
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	105	40	60	7,860	3,600	4,260
Shona	510	225	285	5,425	2,530	2,905
Swahili	2,420	1,195	1,230	38,680	19,565	19,115
Wolof	330	195	135	8,240	4,455	3,785
Yoruba	3,455	1,750	1,705	22,420	11,475	10,940
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	2,195	1,055	1,145	40,760	20,375	20,385
Nilo-Saharan languages	1,695	780	915	7,015	3,520	3,495
Dinka	785	380	400	2,475	1,280	1,190
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	915	400	515	4,555	2,240	2,315
Sign languages	1,685	715	970	48,115	18,985	29,130
American Sign Language	905	350	560	21,930	7,780	14,155
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	10	4,665	1,665	3,005
Sign languages, n.i.e.	790	375	415	22,275	9,835	12,440
Sino-Tibetan languages	80,270	38,240	42,030	1,430,440	672,100	758,340
Chinese languages	78,780	37,515	41,265	1,413,110	663,465	749,640
Cantonese	43,115	20,355	22,755	699,125	325,840	373,285
Hakka	425	180	245	12,445	5,555	6,890
Mandarin	39,405	18,550	20,855	814,450	377,635	436,815
Min Dong	60	35	25	1,045	440	600
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	2,415	1,010	1,400	42,840	19,005	23,835
Wu (Shanghainese)	575	245	330	16,530	7,490	9,040
Chinese, n.o.s.	3,105	1,545	1,570	41,690	19,995	21,690
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	590	250	340
Tibeto-Burman languages	1,525	735	795	18,270	9,100	9,175
Burmese	345	160	180	4,995	2,490	2,500
Karenic languages	295	140	150	4,895	2,425	2,475
Tibetan	800	400	400	7,050	3,555	3,490
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	155	60	95	2,375	1,160	1,220
Tai-Kadai languages	1,510	625	885	30,400	13,210	17,195
Lao	635	300	335	17,235	8,240	8,990
Thai	975	380	595	15,390	5,875	9,520
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	115	50	65
Turkic languages	2,585	1,380	1,205	60,530	31,585	28,945
Azerbaijani	350	165	180	5,450	2,885	2,565
Turkish	1,710	980	735	50,775	26,605	24,165
Uyghur	135	65	70	1,385	685	700
Uzbek	245	110	135	2,465	1,230	1,235
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	200	90	110	1,870	905	965
Uralic languages	4,810	2,310	2,505	94,810	44,270	50,545
Estonian	110	50	60	6,070	2,750	3,315
Finnish	350	160	190	17,595	7,540	10,050
Hungarian	4,350	2,100	2,250	71,285	34,005	37,280
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	25	10	10
Other languages, n.i.e.	785	440	345	9,730	5,375	4,355
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	1,374,650	687,050	687,600	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	1,220,070	612,475	607,590	32,034,590	15,799,495	16,235,090
Canadian citizens aged under 18	282,095	144,675	137,420	6,652,795	3,412,785	3,240,010
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	937,975	467,800	470,170	25,381,795	12,386,710	12,995,080
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	154,585	74,575	80,010	2,425,480	1,172,085	1,253,400
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	1,374,650	687,050	687,600	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	942,785	477,115	465,665	26,412,610	13,124,325	13,288,290
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	404,700	196,445	208,260	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330
Before 1981	69,585	34,700	34,885	1,941,510	927,795	1,013,715
1981 to 1990	41,035	19,545	21,495	915,555	439,245	476,310
1991 to 2000	68,565	32,850	35,715	1,486,655	696,720	789,940
2001 to 2010	132,260	64,205	68,055	1,985,035	940,570	1,044,465
2001 to 2005	59,300	28,975	30,325	928,935	439,890	489,050
2006 to 2010	72,960	35,235	37,730	1,056,095	500,680	555,415
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	93,255	45,140	48,115	1,212,075	582,175	629,895
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	27,170	13,490	13,680	506,625	260,755	245,870
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	404,700	196,440	208,260	7,540,830	3,586,500	3,954,335
Under 5 years	37,370	19,075	18,295	731,340	364,165	367,175
5 to 14 years	69,005	35,815	33,190	1,311,810	665,870	645,945
15 to 24 years	79,350	36,525	42,825	1,604,430	724,430	880,005
25 to 44 years	181,400	87,250	94,150	3,198,920	1,513,970	1,684,950
45 years and over	37,575	17,775	19,800	694,320	318,060	376,260
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	404,705	196,445	208,255	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330
Americas	44,350	21,140	23,205	1,128,745	510,650	618,100
Brazil	1,470	675	800	29,320	13,235	16,080
Colombia	5,805	2,755	3,050	70,035	32,065	37,965
El Salvador	2,450	1,240	1,215	48,080	23,865	24,215
Guyana	865	435	430	87,685	38,940	48,745
Haiti	525	280	250	93,480	40,955	52,525
Jamaica	3,085	1,405	1,680	138,345	59,960	78,390
Mexico	4,480	2,200	2,290	80,585	37,530	43,055
Peru	1,115	475	645	29,615	12,950	16,665
Trinidad and Tobago	1,470	720	750	65,040	29,325	35,710
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	12,110	5,550	6,560	253,715	113,505	140,215
Other places of birth in Americas	10,965	5,415	5,550	232,850	108,325	124,530
Europe	81,045	40,575	40,470	2,088,410	1,015,145	1,073,260
Bosnia and Herzegovina	2,065	1,060	1,010	36,135	18,050	18,085
Croatia	1,310	685	630	40,045	20,005	20,035
France	1,285	635	655	105,565	55,395	50,170
Germany	6,485	3,080	3,400	145,845	69,525	76,320
Greece	940	490	450	62,715	31,580	31,135
Hungary	1,965	970	990	36,820	17,945	18,875
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	1,685	895	790	28,325	14,355	13,970
Italy	3,855	2,070	1,790	236,640	118,595	118,040
Netherlands	3,385	1,815	1,570	88,475	45,185	43,295
Poland	6,845	3,240	3,600	146,465	66,450	80,020
Portugal	1,165	535	635	139,450	68,150	71,300
Romania	4,515	2,260	2,255	90,305	42,795	47,510
Russian Federation	4,000	1,720	2,285	78,685	34,265	44,420
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	1,120	575	550	33,320	16,325	17,000
Ukraine	2,965	1,365	1,600	73,030	33,360	39,665
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	26,175	13,470	12,710	499,115	243,225	255,890
Other places of birth in Europe	11,270	5,715	5,560	247,470	119,945	127,530
Africa	40,865	20,905	19,960	637,485	322,510	314,970
Algeria	770	415	355	64,620	33,920	30,705
Egypt	2,930	1,565	1,365	64,615	34,125	30,495
Ethiopia	5,230	2,585	2,645	32,790	15,980	16,810
Kenya	2,735	1,330	1,405	27,150	12,810	14,340
Morocco	685	360	325	69,655	36,120	33,535
Nigeria	7,685	3,995	3,695	42,430	21,830	20,600
Somalia	1,340	630	710	27,230	12,070	15,160
South Africa, Republic of	3,015	1,570	1,440	44,660	22,205	22,460
Other places of birth in Africa	16,470	8,460	8,015	264,320	133,450	130,870
Asia	234,535	111,835	122,705	3,629,160	1,709,985	1,919,175
Afghanistan	3,285	1,765	1,520	51,955	26,030	25,930
Bangladesh	3,145	1,615	1,530	58,735	29,875	28,865
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	34,945	16,100	18,840	649,260	290,800	358,460
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	11,115	5,390	5,720	208,940	98,020	110,915
India	46,945	23,575	23,375	668,565	334,030	334,540
IranCensus data footnote 61	5,800	3,000	2,795	154,425	77,970	76,455
Iraq	3,650	1,955	1,700	68,485	34,785	33,705
Japan	1,545	435	1,115	27,240	7,955	19,285
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	7,280	3,425	3,855	123,305	57,170	66,140
Lebanon	4,340	2,305	2,030	88,745	47,295	41,450
Pakistan	17,740	9,230	8,505	202,260	103,225	99,035
Philippines	53,450	23,270	30,180	588,305	247,095	341,210
Sri Lanka	2,010	1,030	980	131,995	64,825	67,170
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	2,195	1,145	1,045	52,960	26,595	26,365
Taiwan	2,235	950	1,290	63,770	28,170	35,605
Viet Nam	15,700	7,310	8,385	169,250	78,000	91,250
Other places of birth in Asia	19,160	9,325	9,840	320,965	158,150	162,815
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	3,910	1,995	1,920	57,030	28,210	28,825
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	93,255	45,145	48,115	1,212,075	582,180	629,895
Americas	9,350	4,675	4,670	152,595	72,870	79,720
Brazil	535	245	285	8,500	4,000	4,490
Colombia	1,275	605	670	15,300	6,885	8,415
Cuba	125	60	70	5,370	2,545	2,820
Haiti	150	95	50	19,985	9,160	10,830
Jamaica	470	245	225	12,495	6,680	5,820
Mexico	1,970	1,035	935	18,660	9,090	9,575
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	2,055	990	1,065	33,060	16,480	16,580
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	1,135	555	575	6,425	2,990	3,435
Other places of birth in Americas	1,640	855	785	32,790	15,040	17,750
Europe	9,565	4,900	4,660	140,030	70,995	69,035
France	265	155	115	24,150	13,000	11,150
Germany	460	215	245	6,300	3,255	3,045
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	605	380	225	5,660	3,540	2,120
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	450	250	195	5,900	2,735	3,165
Romania	605	310	295	7,610	3,330	4,280
Russian Federation	645	220	430	11,565	4,485	7,080
Ukraine	830	340	490	13,425	6,015	7,410
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	2,880	1,635	1,240	24,445	14,235	10,215
Other places of birth in Europe	2,820	1,405	1,420	40,970	20,405	20,570
Africa	12,030	6,120	5,905	162,800	81,545	81,245
Algeria	155	75	85	17,175	8,440	8,735
Cameroon	570	285	280	10,265	5,005	5,255
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	215	100	120	7,400	3,570	3,835
Côte d'Ivoire	135	85	55	6,240	3,030	3,210
Egypt	1,130	590	540	16,115	8,445	7,665
Eritrea	1,045	605	445	6,050	3,195	2,855
Ethiopia	1,590	735	855	7,510	3,625	3,890
Morocco	190	70	120	15,105	7,470	7,635
Nigeria	3,910	2,055	1,860	17,285	8,850	8,435
Somalia	240	90	150	5,335	2,600	2,730
South Africa, Republic of	520	295	230	5,765	2,935	2,830
Tunisia	75	35	35	6,700	3,475	3,230
Other places of birth in Africa	2,250	1,105	1,150	41,855	20,905	20,950
Asia	61,520	28,920	32,600	748,700	352,095	396,610
Afghanistan	490	270	220	9,240	4,530	4,710
Bangladesh	750	345	400	12,900	6,445	6,460
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	6,265	2,815	3,455	129,020	57,745	71,270
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	420	190	225	4,975	2,090	2,880
India	13,050	6,625	6,425	147,190	75,145	72,045
IranCensus data footnote 61	2,245	1,130	1,115	42,070	20,580	21,490
Iraq	1,225	655	575	20,665	10,345	10,320
Israel	225	115	115	4,740	2,615	2,130
Japan	330	80	255	4,905	1,250	3,655
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	1,910	775	1,135	21,710	9,630	12,075
Lebanon	540	280	265	9,375	4,980	4,400
Nepal	1,120	590	530	7,505	3,780	3,715
Pakistan	4,400	2,150	2,255	41,480	20,530	20,945
Philippines	21,960	9,880	12,080	188,810	83,050	105,760
Saudi Arabia	350	175	180	5,465	2,820	2,640
Sri Lanka	335	155	180	11,495	5,190	6,305
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	1,385	700	685	29,945	15,245	14,700
Taiwan	325	110	215	4,310	1,685	2,625
Turkey	140	60	80	4,255	2,365	1,890
United Arab Emirates	440	230	215	6,135	3,220	2,910
Viet Nam	1,220	500	725	11,210	4,500	6,705
Other places of birth in Asia	2,395	1,105	1,290	31,320	14,345	16,970
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	795	525	270	7,955	4,670	3,280
Australia	555	355	205	4,965	2,950	2,010
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	240	170	65	2,990	1,720	1,270
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	1,374,650	687,050	687,600	34,460,060	16,971,575	17,488,485
First generationCensus data footnote 69	441,415	215,050	226,365	8,219,555	3,936,045	4,283,505
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	291,960	147,890	144,070	6,100,725	3,053,075	3,047,650
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	641,275	324,110	317,165	20,139,790	9,982,460	10,157,330
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	341,860	165,175	176,680	5,703,615	2,709,530	2,994,085
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	192,870	97,195	95,670	2,994,130	1,496,240	1,497,885
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	76,450	48,060	28,390	1,220,755	755,370	465,380
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	116,420	49,140	67,280	1,773,380	740,870	1,032,510
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	98,055	40,170	57,880	1,782,490	728,085	1,054,400
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	48,125	26,390	21,735	858,845	453,675	405,175
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	2,805	1,415	1,395	68,145	31,530	36,615
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	1,374,650	687,050	687,600	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	41,645	19,730	21,915	1,673,785	813,520	860,265
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	40,615	19,245	21,365	1,629,805	792,970	836,835
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	17,955	8,355	9,600	977,235	471,510	505,725
Métis	22,220	10,730	11,490	587,545	289,435	298,115
Inuk (Inuit)	440	165	280	65,030	32,030	32,995
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	445	225	215	21,310	10,165	11,145
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	590	250	335	22,670	10,385	12,290
Non-Aboriginal identity	1,333,005	667,320	665,680	32,786,280	16,158,060	16,628,225
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	1,374,655	687,050	687,600	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	14,490	6,685	7,805	820,120	395,670	424,445
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	1,360,160	680,360	679,800	33,639,945	16,575,905	17,064,040
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	1,374,650	687,050	687,600	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,490
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	9,635	4,505	5,125	727,790	356,970	370,815
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	9,355	4,350	5,000	709,235	347,985	361,245
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	6,755	3,135	3,620	573,215	280,040	293,180
Métis single ancestry	2,485	1,165	1,315	91,255	45,740	45,515
Inuit single ancestry	120	45	70	44,765	22,210	22,555
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	280	155	125	18,555	8,985	9,565
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	270	155	115	15,140	7,305	7,835
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	10	0	10	2,470	1,205	1,265
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	10	770	390	380
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	170	85	85
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	45,795	21,790	24,000	1,402,735	669,710	733,025
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	43,960	20,935	23,025	1,347,610	644,210	703,400
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	23,810	11,200	12,605	881,455	418,215	463,235
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	19,720	9,570	10,150	441,000	213,940	227,065
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	430	160	275	25,155	12,045	13,105
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	1,830	855	975	55,125	25,505	29,625
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,745	810	930	49,325	22,740	26,585
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	35	20	20	3,470	1,655	1,815
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	40	20	20	2,005	940	1,065
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	10	325	170	160
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	1,319,225	660,750	658,475	32,329,545	15,944,900	16,384,645
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	1,374,650	687,050	687,600	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	463,450	228,225	235,225	7,674,580	3,725,090	3,949,495
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	122,900	62,350	60,555	1,924,635	977,690	946,945
Chinese	89,675	43,775	45,900	1,577,060	746,400	830,665
Black	54,190	27,745	26,445	1,198,540	580,070	618,475
Filipino	70,660	31,680	38,975	780,125	341,800	438,330
Latin American	27,710	13,720	13,990	447,325	215,460	231,860
Arab	26,320	13,970	12,350	523,235	276,425	246,810
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	23,240	11,145	12,100	313,260	148,880	164,385
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	12,810	6,790	6,015	264,305	133,475	130,825
Korean	10,995	5,170	5,825	188,710	89,110	99,600
Japanese	5,570	2,465	3,110	92,920	40,105	52,815
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	4,610	2,170	2,440	132,090	62,540	69,550
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	14,775	7,250	7,530	232,375	113,140	119,230
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	911,200	458,825	452,375	26,785,480	13,246,485	13,539,000
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	1,374,650	687,050	687,600	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
North American Aboriginal origins	55,430	26,300	29,125	2,130,520	1,026,675	1,103,840
First Nations (North American Indian)	32,630	15,330	17,300	1,525,570	731,410	794,155
Inuit	650	260	395	79,130	38,695	40,435
Métis	24,275	11,735	12,540	599,995	291,310	308,690
Other North American origins	292,965	148,800	144,165	11,628,535	5,745,695	5,882,835
Acadian	1,730	925	805	119,675	57,805	61,865
American	23,680	11,535	12,145	377,405	182,690	194,715
Canadian	275,950	140,405	135,545	11,135,965	5,501,595	5,634,370
New Brunswicker	25	20	10	1,490	800	685
Newfoundlander	540	300	235	22,215	11,420	10,800
Nova Scotian	55	40	15	3,700	1,770	1,930
Ontarian	50	40	10	3,925	1,980	1,945
Québécois	495	270	225	194,560	99,320	95,235
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	155	85	65	1,895	950	945
European origins	818,210	408,755	409,450	19,683,320	9,687,715	9,995,605
British Isles origins	525,560	262,170	263,385	11,211,850	5,474,735	5,737,115
Channel Islander	135	75	60	3,595	1,740	1,855
Cornish	90	20	70	1,975	995	975
English	298,865	148,285	150,575	6,320,085	3,069,515	3,250,570
Irish	197,185	95,345	101,840	4,627,000	2,195,620	2,431,385
Manx	350	185	165	6,125	3,090	3,040
Scottish	240,775	119,545	121,230	4,799,005	2,323,390	2,475,620
Welsh	27,270	13,245	14,025	474,805	226,600	248,210
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	36,340	17,745	18,600	644,695	307,090	337,610
French origins	118,080	58,175	59,905	4,680,820	2,283,480	2,397,340
Alsatian	45	20	15	2,800	1,300	1,495
Breton	25	0	20	11,845	5,765	6,080
Corsican	15	0	10	1,750	950	805
French	118,030	58,155	59,880	4,670,595	2,278,430	2,392,165
Western European origins (except French origins)	261,285	129,260	132,030	4,600,855	2,258,095	2,342,760
Austrian	14,495	7,070	7,425	207,050	100,775	106,275
Bavarian	25	20	10	940	485	455
Belgian	6,570	3,215	3,360	186,665	91,395	95,270
Dutch	53,975	27,025	26,945	1,111,655	546,565	565,090
Flemish	625	255	365	11,685	5,730	5,960
Frisian	180	90	90	4,590	2,395	2,195
German	201,650	99,365	102,290	3,322,405	1,626,785	1,695,615
Luxembourger	255	125	125	3,915	2,025	1,890
Swiss	8,050	3,850	4,210	155,120	76,935	78,185
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	425	200	225	3,365	1,645	1,720
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	95,065	45,860	49,200	1,201,320	579,005	622,315
Danish	18,720	9,195	9,520	207,470	100,660	106,810
Finnish	5,720	2,750	2,965	143,645	69,045	74,600
Icelandic	7,645	3,715	3,930	101,795	49,875	51,915
Norwegian	42,000	19,935	22,065	463,275	223,075	240,200
Swedish	26,815	12,785	14,030	349,645	163,545	186,095
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	4,075	2,080	1,995	52,780	26,965	25,820
Eastern European origins	205,690	100,830	104,860	3,431,245	1,666,740	1,764,505
Bulgarian	1,595	825	770	34,565	16,935	17,625
Byelorussian	815	400	415	20,710	10,190	10,515
Czech	7,600	3,830	3,775	104,580	51,555	53,030
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	2,540	1,180	1,355	40,715	19,235	21,480
Estonian	1,200	530	670	24,530	11,715	12,815
Hungarian	22,045	10,770	11,275	348,085	170,040	178,045
Latvian	1,210	605	605	30,725	14,920	15,805
Lithuanian	2,430	1,165	1,260	59,285	28,745	30,535
Moldovan	965	505	455	14,915	7,265	7,650
Polish	55,705	27,105	28,600	1,106,585	533,830	572,750
Romanian	13,590	6,405	7,180	238,050	114,705	123,345
Russian	37,955	18,045	19,910	622,445	297,600	324,850
Slovak	4,765	2,490	2,280	72,285	35,360	36,925
Ukrainian	90,740	44,440	46,300	1,359,655	663,560	696,095
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	905	470	440	20,415	9,895	10,520
Southern European origins	92,660	46,115	46,540	3,012,375	1,494,605	1,517,775
Albanian	1,875	965	910	36,185	18,385	17,800
Bosnian	1,775	965	805	26,740	13,320	13,420
Catalan	45	25	20	1,280	740	535
Croatian	6,265	3,215	3,055	133,970	67,825	66,140
Cypriot	65	30	40	5,650	2,850	2,795
Greek	6,770	3,455	3,310	271,410	137,405	134,005
Italian	42,940	21,585	21,360	1,587,965	794,525	793,445
Kosovar	150	75	75	2,865	1,470	1,395
Macedonian	535	245	290	43,110	21,650	21,460
Maltese	590	295	300	41,920	20,955	20,965
Montenegrin	130	75	55	4,160	2,180	1,985
Portuguese	8,600	4,380	4,220	482,605	239,360	243,250
Serbian	3,405	1,720	1,685	96,530	49,095	47,440
Sicilian	145	75	75	6,940	3,500	3,435
Slovenian	1,805	970	830	40,470	20,105	20,365
Spanish	22,255	10,410	11,845	396,460	184,520	211,945
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	1,725	835	885	38,480	18,620	19,860
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	120	55	70	2,170	1,030	1,135
Other European origins	9,575	4,695	4,880	226,695	115,110	111,580
Basque	190	85	105	6,965	3,690	3,275
Jewish	4,530	2,160	2,370	143,660	72,625	71,035
Roma (Gypsy)	165	95	75	4,630	2,195	2,440
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	450	230	220	4,870	2,560	2,310
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	4,275	2,160	2,115	67,890	34,730	33,160
Caribbean origins	15,530	7,710	7,820	749,155	349,810	399,345
Antiguan	290	175	115	4,500	2,115	2,385
Bahamian	125	60	60	3,675	1,915	1,760
Barbadian	865	390	470	37,780	17,745	20,035
Bermudan	125	50	70	3,075	1,435	1,640
Carib	60	10	50	3,030	1,175	1,860
Cuban	825	390	440	29,065	13,800	15,270
Dominican	335	215	120	23,130	11,000	12,125
Grenadian	200	90	115	17,915	7,835	10,080
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	1,125	515	605
Haitian	995	525	470	165,095	76,460	88,635
Jamaican	7,260	3,555	3,705	309,485	145,080	164,410
Kittitian/Nevisian	65	50	10	2,915	1,460	1,460
Martinican	0	0	0	2,010	900	1,110
Montserratan	10	0	0	930	460	470
Puerto Rican	240	125	115	3,405	1,645	1,765
St. Lucian	340	160	175	8,985	4,095	4,890
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	2,140	1,105	1,035	78,965	37,325	41,635
Vincentian/Grenadinian	345	140	205	17,420	7,475	9,945
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	1,195	590	605	70,270	31,625	38,645
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	1,140	535	600	26,830	12,520	14,310
Latin, Central and South American origins	36,000	17,750	18,250	674,640	325,210	349,430
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	820	425	395	22,725	10,875	11,850
Arawak	85	15	65	1,440	610	830
Argentinian	795	400	395	20,680	10,130	10,545
Belizean	215	140	70	1,755	915	845
Bolivian	280	150	125	5,055	2,480	2,580
Brazilian	1,635	705	935	36,830	17,380	19,455
Chilean	3,240	1,630	1,605	45,190	22,280	22,910
Colombian	7,450	3,555	3,900	96,325	45,590	50,735
Costa Rican	295	130	155	5,535	2,680	2,855
Ecuadorian	440	185	260	25,405	11,995	13,415
Guatemalan	1,235	645	590	26,275	13,360	12,915
Guyanese	1,155	615	540	84,275	39,530	44,745
Hispanic	735	350	390	11,055	5,380	5,670
Honduran	365	195	175	10,650	5,235	5,415
Maya	215	105	110	6,285	3,350	2,940
Mexican	8,460	4,310	4,145	128,485	62,890	65,595
Nicaraguan	900	410	490	13,705	6,650	7,055
Panamanian	160	65	95	4,700	2,210	2,495
Paraguayan	160	70	90	4,325	2,165	2,160
Peruvian	1,480	650	830	42,145	19,645	22,505
Salvadorean	2,935	1,525	1,410	66,220	32,960	33,255
Uruguayan	140	80	60	6,795	3,390	3,410
Venezuelan	3,440	1,725	1,715	26,345	12,220	14,125
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	1,670	815	850	28,455	13,930	14,525
African origins	58,390	29,820	28,565	1,067,930	539,805	528,120
Central and West African origins	16,420	8,530	7,885	230,110	118,040	112,070
Akan	95	55	40	1,955	1,090	870
Angolan	160	80	85	2,960	1,475	1,480
Ashanti	85	50	35	1,585	855	735
Beninese	125	45	80	4,995	2,670	2,320
Burkinabe	15	10	15	3,150	1,665	1,485
Cameroonian	965	465	500	24,615	12,390	12,230
Chadian	65	45	15	1,845	955	885
Congolese	1,390	660	725	38,365	18,925	19,440
Edo	290	165	125	1,945	1,095	855
Ewe	65	40	25	845	470	375
Gabonese	20	0	20	1,405	660	750
Gambian	70	40	35	975	495	475
Ghanaian	1,865	990	870	35,495	17,720	17,770
Guinean	155	85	70	7,240	3,785	3,455
Ibo	1,140	590	550	5,315	2,850	2,470
Ivorian	185	115	70	10,935	5,485	5,450
Liberian	300	145	150	2,485	1,130	1,360
Malian	25	25	0	4,490	2,280	2,210
Malinké	20	10	10	1,125	585	535
Nigerian	7,820	4,080	3,740	51,835	27,025	24,805
Peulh	50	30	15	2,435	1,270	1,170
Senegalese	280	185	95	10,175	5,500	4,670
Sierra Leonean	225	125	105	2,620	1,330	1,295
Togolese	75	35	40	5,300	2,870	2,430
Wolof	45	25	10	840	495	345
Yoruba	1,770	970	800	9,585	5,075	4,515
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	640	295	345	15,380	7,940	7,445
North African origins	11,375	5,960	5,415	355,045	185,775	169,270
Algerian	825	420	400	67,335	34,755	32,580
Berber	350	200	155	37,060	19,685	17,375
Coptic	120	60	55	3,535	1,860	1,680
Dinka	265	150	115	900	500	400
Egyptian	4,525	2,420	2,105	99,140	51,730	47,410
Libyan	580	305	275	7,740	4,135	3,605
Maure	10	0	10	1,190	655	535
Moroccan	1,080	575	510	103,940	54,005	49,945
Sudanese	3,315	1,650	1,665	19,960	10,315	9,645
Tunisian	475	250	225	25,645	13,985	11,665
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	290	170	120	6,115	3,320	2,795
Southern and East African origins	21,080	10,685	10,395	260,145	128,325	131,815
Afrikaner	135	75	65	1,870	955	915
Amhara	220	120	105	1,530	815	715
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	230	120	115	3,965	2,175	1,785
Burundian	195	110	85	10,990	5,405	5,580
Djiboutian	10	10	0	1,710	790	920
Eritrean	3,770	2,030	1,740	25,255	12,830	12,430
Ethiopian	6,380	3,215	3,165	44,065	21,680	22,385
Harari	50	20	20	665	355	305
Kenyan	970	435	535	10,915	5,230	5,685
Malagasy	50	15	30	4,500	2,175	2,325
Mauritian	270	155	110	9,325	4,655	4,665
Oromo	675	350	330	3,350	1,745	1,605
Rwandan	175	75	100	10,775	5,065	5,705
Seychellois	25	20	10	1,285	575	710
Somali	2,755	1,385	1,370	62,550	30,215	32,330
South African	2,785	1,350	1,430	41,375	20,575	20,800
Tanzanian	480	190	290	4,710	2,400	2,310
Tigrian	430	240	195	2,155	1,160	995
Ugandan	340	195	145	5,705	2,875	2,830
Zambian	125	75	50	1,860	935	920
Zimbabwean	810	405	400	8,090	3,975	4,110
Zulu	60	35	25	945	475	475
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	1,530	740	790	17,305	8,445	8,860
Other African origins	10,600	5,185	5,415	239,560	116,400	123,165
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	895	420	480	30,385	14,015	16,370
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	9,800	4,815	4,985	212,005	103,790	108,215
Asian origins	384,200	187,975	196,225	6,095,235	2,958,120	3,137,115
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	48,420	25,285	23,130	1,011,145	518,170	492,980
Afghan	5,320	2,860	2,465	83,995	42,320	41,675
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	5,055	2,720	2,330	111,400	58,930	52,475
Armenian	1,010	500	510	63,810	31,505	32,305
Assyrian	360	210	145	13,835	7,115	6,720
Azerbaijani	295	115	175	6,425	3,230	3,200
Georgian	230	140	95	4,775	2,430	2,345
Hazara	265	135	125	1,515	810	705
Iranian	8,570	4,455	4,115	210,405	106,565	103,840
Iraqi	3,820	2,010	1,810	70,925	35,965	34,955
Israeli	735	395	340	28,735	15,065	13,675
Jordanian	595	310	280	14,250	7,520	6,735
Kazakh	285	120	170	3,330	1,615	1,710
Kurd	940	535	410	16,315	8,810	7,515
Kuwaiti	50	40	10	2,235	1,185	1,055
Kyrgyz	150	90	60	1,060	510	550
Lebanese	13,755	7,095	6,655	219,555	112,970	106,590
Palestinian	1,650	880	770	44,820	23,900	20,920
Pashtun	380	175	200	4,810	2,565	2,245
Saudi Arabian	185	110	80	6,810	3,935	2,880
Syrian	3,325	1,625	1,705	77,045	38,445	38,600
Tajik	175	105	70	2,905	1,410	1,495
Tatar	360	160	205	4,825	2,155	2,670
Turk	2,590	1,410	1,175	63,955	32,855	31,100
Turkmen	55	35	20	1,040	540	500
Uighur	150	75	75	1,555	775	785
Uzbek	270	115	150	3,920	1,920	2,000
Yemeni	545	270	275	6,645	3,335	3,305
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	1,355	705	645	25,280	13,180	12,100
South Asian origins	122,515	62,290	60,225	1,963,330	993,595	969,735
Bangladeshi	2,365	1,175	1,190	45,940	23,645	22,300
Bengali	985	490	495	22,900	11,730	11,180
Bhutanese	160	80	75	3,600	1,765	1,835
East Indian	90,620	45,800	44,830	1,374,710	694,990	679,720
Goan	345	185	160	6,070	2,915	3,155
Gujarati	295	140	155	8,350	4,305	4,050
Kashmiri	595	285	305	3,115	1,605	1,510
Nepali	1,900	1,030	870	17,140	8,715	8,420
Pakistani	18,495	9,500	9,000	215,555	110,420	105,140
Punjabi	8,570	4,450	4,120	118,400	61,155	57,240
Sinhalese	385	205	175	7,285	3,605	3,685
Sri Lankan	2,410	1,245	1,165	152,595	75,010	77,585
Tamil	445	230	215	48,670	24,845	23,825
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	2,570	1,300	1,270	76,400	38,815	37,585
East and Southeast Asian origins	215,510	101,570	113,940	3,163,360	1,467,205	1,696,155
Burmese	755	385	375	9,335	4,535	4,795
Cambodian (Khmer)	2,100	1,130	970	38,490	18,515	19,980
Chinese	104,620	50,630	53,990	1,769,195	836,150	933,045
Filipino	75,020	33,820	41,200	837,130	369,105	468,025
Hmong	0	0	0	805	420	390
Indonesian	1,580	730	845	21,390	9,950	11,440
Japanese	7,705	3,420	4,285	121,485	53,415	68,070
Karen	300	145	150	4,510	2,275	2,240
Korean	11,615	5,455	6,165	198,210	93,680	104,525
Laotian	935	430	505	24,580	12,190	12,390
Malaysian	1,355	625	730	16,920	7,735	9,185
Mongolian	1,090	510	585	7,480	3,560	3,915
Singaporean	205	105	100	2,850	1,325	1,520
Taiwanese	1,190	520	670	36,510	16,570	19,945
Thai	1,100	400	695	19,010	7,330	11,680
Tibetan	890	460	425	8,040	4,055	3,985
Vietnamese	21,010	10,155	10,860	240,615	115,935	124,680
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	325	170	155	6,500	3,150	3,355
Other Asian origins	1,635	840	795	22,745	11,280	11,460
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	1,635	840	795	22,740	11,280	11,460
Oceania origins	6,310	3,235	3,075	85,470	43,030	42,440
Australian	3,420	1,790	1,630	42,315	21,710	20,605
New Zealander	1,275	660	610	15,395	8,065	7,330
Pacific Islands origins	1,720	840	880	29,485	14,240	15,250
Fijian	1,175	550	630	19,375	9,280	10,090
Hawaiian	160	70	90	3,295	1,500	1,795
Maori	145	65	80	2,500	1,310	1,195
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	85	50	30	1,530	725	805
Samoan	65	55	10	1,100	625	475
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	135	70	65	2,335	1,145	1,185
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	519,695	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Owner	379,225	...	...	9,541,320	...	...
Renter	140,370	...	...	4,474,530	...	...
Band housing	100	...	...	56,230	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	519,695	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Condominium	113,055	...	...	1,874,840	...	...
Not condominium	406,635	...	...	12,197,240	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	519,695	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
No bedrooms	1,795	...	...	93,345	...	...
1 bedroom	52,045	...	...	1,925,015	...	...
2 bedrooms	112,605	...	...	3,547,090	...	...
3 bedrooms	186,265	...	...	4,836,485	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	166,985	...	...	3,670,145	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	519,695	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	133,010	...	...	4,068,915	...	...
5 rooms	78,595	...	...	2,177,045	...	...
6 rooms	75,495	...	...	1,981,585	...	...
7 rooms	66,935	...	...	1,790,180	...	...
8 or more rooms	165,660	...	...	4,054,355	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.4	...	...	6.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	519,690	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
One person or fewer per room	507,250	...	...	13,802,060	...	...
More than 1 person per room	12,445	...	...	270,020	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	519,690	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Suitable	496,040	...	...	13,376,345	...	...
Not suitable	23,655	...	...	695,730	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	519,690	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
1960 or before	47,830	...	...	3,126,380	...	...
1961 to 1980	143,095	...	...	4,185,510	...	...
1981 to 1990	65,075	...	...	1,977,640	...	...
1991 to 2000	83,690	...	...	1,746,390	...	...
2001 to 2005	60,085	...	...	976,390	...	...
2006 to 2010	60,670	...	...	1,089,750	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	59,240	...	...	970,015	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	519,695	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	498,025	...	...	13,151,600	...	...
Major repairs needed	21,665	...	...	920,480	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	519,695	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
1 household maintainer	287,280	...	...	8,324,865	...	...
2 household maintainers	213,310	...	...	5,404,800	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	19,110	...	...	342,415	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	519,695	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
15 to 24 years	14,370	...	...	437,230	...	...
25 to 34 years	98,930	...	...	1,991,685	...	...
35 to 44 years	114,165	...	...	2,414,920	...	...
45 to 54 years	111,530	...	...	2,862,870	...	...
55 to 64 years	95,640	...	...	2,859,315	...	...
65 to 74 years	51,455	...	...	2,034,220	...	...
75 to 84 years	24,930	...	...	1,084,700	...	...
85 years and over	8,670	...	...	387,135	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	515,800	...	...	13,798,305	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	403,040	...	...	10,472,355	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	112,765	...	...	3,325,950	...	...
30% to less than 100%	97,325	...	...	2,861,615	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	377,970	...	...	9,368,330	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	67.5	...	...	60.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	16.4	...	...	16.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,616	...	...	1,130	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,640	...	...	1,313	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	450,406	...	...	341,556	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	527,216	...	...	443,058	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	140,345	...	...	4,452,850	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	9.9	...	...	13.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	36.6	...	...	40.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,324	...	...	910	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,366	...	...	1,002	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	1,113,965	553,420	560,545	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,580
No certificate, diploma or degree	150,665	77,435	73,225	5,239,575	2,667,995	2,571,585
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	290,460	144,695	145,765	7,576,400	3,686,630	3,889,770
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	672,840	331,290	341,555	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,230
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	77,350	57,960	19,385	2,800,260	1,906,610	893,650
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	27,550	15,830	11,720	1,549,880	880,365	669,515
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	49,800	42,135	7,665	1,250,385	1,026,250	224,140
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	202,530	85,110	117,420	5,553,825	2,326,940	3,226,890
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	35,490	14,540	20,955	813,335	331,940	481,395
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	357,470	173,675	183,795	6,659,615	3,070,315	3,589,300
Bachelor's degree	249,795	117,925	131,870	4,443,835	1,967,905	2,475,935
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	18,880	8,700	10,180	462,295	203,725	258,570
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	9,490	4,715	4,770	190,925	102,530	88,395
Master's degree	67,990	35,105	32,885	1,331,045	651,510	679,535
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	11,325	7,240	4,085	231,510	144,640	86,870
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	807,480	402,230	405,250	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830
No certificate, diploma or degree	65,665	36,060	29,605	2,169,790	1,200,110	969,685
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	179,835	91,175	88,665	4,494,585	2,247,020	2,247,565
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	561,975	274,995	286,980	12,267,005	5,821,425	6,445,580
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	60,070	45,715	14,355	2,042,430	1,377,775	664,650
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	20,540	12,015	8,530	1,145,035	639,785	505,250
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	39,525	33,705	5,825	897,390	737,990	159,405
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	163,990	69,550	94,445	4,241,985	1,786,065	2,455,920
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	28,640	11,795	16,845	580,885	240,040	340,850
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	309,275	147,940	161,335	5,401,705	2,417,555	2,984,155
Bachelor's degree	215,060	100,565	114,490	3,590,080	1,562,160	2,027,925
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	15,790	7,155	8,635	362,455	151,205	211,250
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	8,410	3,920	4,490	153,290	74,440	78,855
Master's degree	60,840	30,710	30,130	1,120,190	527,335	592,850
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	9,180	5,590	3,595	175,685	102,415	73,275
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	1,113,965	553,420	560,545	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	441,125	222,130	218,990	12,815,980	6,354,625	6,461,350
Education	39,625	8,345	31,285	1,060,095	251,290	808,800
13. Education	39,625	8,340	31,285	1,060,095	251,290	808,805
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	21,830	9,005	12,820	596,230	268,050	328,180
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	3,680	2,540	1,145	99,020	72,865	26,150
50. Visual and performing arts	18,150	6,470	11,680	497,210	195,185	302,025
Humanities	30,180	11,000	19,185	850,840	330,490	520,345
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	3,245	665	2,575	98,000	22,100	75,900
23. English language and literature/letters	7,400	1,920	5,480	178,590	52,785	125,810
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	9,305	3,115	6,190	275,525	104,135	171,390
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	135	65	70	4,160	1,640	2,520
38. Philosophy and religious studies	2,030	1,100	930	51,930	30,185	21,750
39. Theology and religious vocations	3,230	1,960	1,270	77,490	46,285	31,200
54. History	4,070	2,005	2,065	111,465	59,965	51,500
55. French language and literature/letters	775	165	610	53,680	13,400	40,290
Social and behavioural sciences and law	71,730	25,180	46,550	1,761,900	586,455	1,175,445
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	820	140	680	24,685	5,660	19,025
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	8,850	2,950	5,900	182,275	68,030	114,245
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	8,680	870	7,810	324,660	26,065	298,595
22. Legal professions and studies	13,535	4,735	8,805	289,600	102,660	186,945
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	925	210	715	35,445	8,150	27,295
42. Psychology	11,280	2,500	8,780	281,470	71,230	210,230
45. Social sciences	27,635	13,770	13,865	623,775	304,660	319,110
Business, management and public administration	154,300	63,935	90,370	3,360,045	1,272,475	2,087,565
30.16 Accounting and computer science	195	65	125	6,190	1,850	4,340
44. Public administration and social service professions	7,670	1,325	6,345	237,835	48,815	189,015
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	146,440	62,540	83,900	3,116,025	1,221,805	1,894,215
Physical and life sciences and technologies	35,060	19,065	15,995	614,280	315,665	298,615
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10,980	4,425	6,555	249,955	105,560	144,400
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	6,615	3,205	3,410	125,600	61,685	63,915
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	315	110	205	28,155	12,625	15,530
40. Physical sciences	15,645	10,830	4,825	179,305	122,815	56,485
41. Science technologies/technicians	1,505	495	1,010	31,270	12,980	18,290
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	29,410	19,050	10,360	651,480	420,370	231,110
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	23,985	16,695	7,290	514,685	356,435	158,250
25. Library science	1,600	220	1,375	40,820	6,495	34,320
27. Mathematics and statistics	3,505	1,925	1,580	86,655	50,930	35,725
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	315	205	115	9,325	6,510	2,815
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	159,730	137,120	22,615	3,327,405	3,022,700	304,700
04. Architecture and related services	5,750	3,535	2,215	114,315	72,880	41,435
14. Engineering	62,420	49,810	12,610	752,465	615,880	136,585
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	30,745	24,955	5,785	620,065	551,855	68,205
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	35	0	30	410	85	325
46. Construction trades	26,085	25,265	820	702,155	682,710	19,445
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	23,330	22,570	755	731,135	709,430	21,705
48. Precision production	11,370	10,980	395	406,855	389,850	17,005
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10,880	5,865	5,015	339,050	219,040	120,010
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	5,780	3,330	2,450	205,930	127,925	78,005
03. Natural resources and conservation	5,105	2,540	2,570	133,120	91,115	42,005
Health and related fields	92,590	19,430	73,160	2,266,720	441,180	1,825,545
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	7,860	3,870	3,985	164,295	81,260	83,040
51. Health professions and related programs	82,055	14,115	67,930	2,047,680	329,010	1,718,670
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	2,680	1,440	1,240	54,740	30,910	23,830
Personal, protective and transportation services	27,425	13,270	14,155	995,825	507,200	488,630
12. Personal and culinary services	17,840	5,535	12,310	565,555	151,530	414,025
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	120	110	10	3,505	3,080	420
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	185	160	25	7,900	7,230	670
43. Security and protective services	4,175	2,855	1,330	206,745	150,540	56,205
49. Transportation and materials moving	5,100	4,615	485	212,125	194,810	17,315
Other	75	25	50	3,170	885	2,280
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	75	25	45	3,170	890	2,280
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	807,475	402,230	405,250	18,931,385	9,268,555	9,662,825
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	245,500	127,235	118,270	6,664,380	3,447,130	3,217,250
Education	30,440	5,930	24,515	727,515	160,315	567,205
13. Education	30,440	5,925	24,510	727,515	160,315	567,200
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	18,170	7,375	10,800	467,905	208,365	259,545
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	3,045	2,075	970	74,530	53,995	20,535
50. Visual and performing arts	15,130	5,300	9,830	393,375	154,370	239,005
Humanities	25,160	8,985	16,170	614,815	232,425	382,390
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	2,760	550	2,210	76,540	16,200	60,340
23. English language and literature/letters	6,240	1,600	4,640	133,800	38,310	95,485
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	7,980	2,615	5,360	191,005	71,770	119,235
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	120	60	60	3,140	1,250	1,895
38. Philosophy and religious studies	1,640	890	750	37,870	21,930	15,940
39. Theology and religious vocations	2,450	1,465	985	52,295	31,200	21,090
54. History	3,405	1,670	1,735	82,565	43,475	39,085
55. French language and literature/letters	570	135	435	37,600	8,285	29,315
Social and behavioural sciences and law	61,570	21,230	40,340	1,417,625	453,100	964,525
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	690	130	560	20,300	4,595	15,705
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	7,710	2,520	5,190	152,080	56,125	95,955
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	7,085	690	6,390	259,845	19,160	240,685
22. Legal professions and studies	11,770	3,870	7,900	241,170	76,720	164,445
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	780	185	595	27,310	6,390	20,920
42. Psychology	9,525	1,990	7,535	218,470	51,570	166,900
45. Social sciences	24,005	11,835	12,175	498,450	238,540	259,915
Business, management and public administration	131,225	54,145	77,085	2,696,770	1,000,895	1,695,875
30.16 Accounting and computer science	160	65	95	4,955	1,480	3,475
44. Public administration and social service professions	6,515	1,075	5,440	192,190	36,890	155,305
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	124,550	53,000	71,550	2,499,625	962,530	1,537,095
Physical and life sciences and technologies	28,410	15,020	13,390	449,870	222,120	227,755
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	9,070	3,565	5,505	195,830	79,945	115,880
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	5,450	2,665	2,790	89,205	42,265	46,945
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	250	105	145	9,280	3,850	5,430
40. Physical sciences	12,515	8,345	4,175	132,935	87,025	45,905
41. Science technologies/technicians	1,125	340	785	22,625	9,035	13,590
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	26,535	17,240	9,295	567,415	368,840	198,575
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	22,205	15,435	6,770	464,000	321,805	142,190
25. Library science	1,270	180	1,090	29,955	4,870	25,080
27. Mathematics and statistics	2,790	1,460	1,335	65,620	36,895	28,725
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	270	170	105	7,840	5,270	2,575
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	132,865	112,785	20,080	2,532,555	2,271,735	260,820
04. Architecture and related services	4,790	2,815	1,980	93,135	57,280	35,850
14. Engineering	54,220	42,630	11,590	612,265	490,980	121,285
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	25,165	20,310	4,855	475,045	418,595	56,450
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	30	0	25	350	70	275
46. Construction trades	21,420	20,725	695	515,630	499,670	15,960
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	18,510	17,900	610	540,800	523,425	17,375
48. Precision production	8,735	8,410	330	295,335	281,715	13,620
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	9,350	4,890	4,460	269,445	167,680	101,770
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	4,755	2,650	2,105	159,975	94,680	65,295
03. Natural resources and conservation	4,595	2,235	2,360	109,470	73,000	36,470
Health and related fields	76,085	16,385	59,700	1,749,545	342,395	1,407,145
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	6,705	3,340	3,365	129,560	63,315	66,245
51. Health professions and related programs	67,010	11,835	55,175	1,576,945	256,895	1,320,050
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	2,375	1,205	1,160	43,040	22,185	20,860
Personal, protective and transportation services	22,105	11,000	11,105	770,950	392,820	378,135
12. Personal and culinary services	14,120	4,520	9,600	431,415	114,395	317,025
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	90	75	10	2,725	2,355	375
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	105	95	10	4,425	3,975	445
43. Security and protective services	3,465	2,395	1,070	162,995	116,750	46,240
49. Transportation and materials moving	4,325	3,915	410	169,400	155,340	14,050
Other	60	20	40	2,590	745	1,845
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	60	20	40	2,585	740	1,845
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	1,113,965	553,420	560,545	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,585
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	441,120	222,130	218,995	12,815,975	6,354,625	6,461,350
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	672,840	331,290	341,555	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,235
Location of study inside Canada	504,605	249,180	255,430	13,117,190	6,299,305	6,817,890
Same as province or territory of residence	349,495	171,685	177,810	11,519,215	5,503,640	6,015,575
Different than province or territory of residence	155,105	77,490	77,620	1,597,975	795,655	802,315
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	168,240	82,115	86,125	2,709,850	1,336,505	1,373,345
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	21,215	12,195	9,025	349,540	189,995	159,545
Philippines	28,180	10,805	17,380	298,830	109,820	189,020
India	19,510	9,705	9,800	281,415	142,410	138,995
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	14,695	8,340	6,355	232,035	131,050	100,980
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	11,970	5,640	6,325	205,375	94,690	110,685
France	1,205	700	505	88,860	50,400	38,455
Other	71,465	34,730	36,735	1,253,790	618,135	635,655
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	807,480	402,230	405,245	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	245,500	127,235	118,270	6,664,380	3,447,125	3,217,250
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	561,975	274,995	286,980	12,267,005	5,821,430	6,445,575
Location of study inside Canada	417,855	206,310	211,545	10,134,590	4,807,045	5,327,545
Same as province or territory of residence	289,770	142,360	147,410	8,918,160	4,207,495	4,710,665
Different than province or territory of residence	128,085	63,945	64,135	1,216,425	599,545	616,875
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	144,120	68,690	75,430	2,132,415	1,014,385	1,118,030
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	16,805	9,370	7,440	254,245	131,955	122,290
Philippines	26,125	9,915	16,210	263,095	96,025	167,065
India	17,545	8,560	8,980	239,535	117,445	122,090
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	10,645	6,025	4,615	133,655	73,575	60,085
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	10,540	4,875	5,670	175,825	79,635	96,190
France	1,055	620	430	72,920	40,610	32,310
Other	61,410	29,325	32,085	993,135	475,145	517,990
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	1,113,965	553,420	560,545	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,585
In the labour force	816,545	434,375	382,170	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,645
Employed	740,235	391,565	348,670	17,230,040	8,923,540	8,306,490
Unemployed	76,310	42,810	33,500	1,442,435	808,285	634,150
Not in the labour force	297,420	119,050	178,370	9,970,545	4,258,605	5,711,945
Participation rate	73.3	78.5	68.2	65.2	69.6	61.0
Employment rate	66.5	70.8	62.2	60.2	63.8	56.7
Unemployment rate	9.3	9.9	8.8	7.7	8.3	7.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	1,113,965	553,420	560,545	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,580
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	270,525	106,585	163,940	9,282,005	3,930,570	5,351,440
Worked	843,435	446,835	396,605	19,361,010	10,059,865	9,301,150
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	423,010	244,090	178,920	9,626,010	5,402,110	4,223,895
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	420,430	202,740	217,685	9,735,005	4,657,755	5,077,245
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.6	43.3	41.8	42.4	42.9	42.0
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	816,550	434,375	382,175	18,672,470	9,731,825	8,940,640
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	16,415	7,500	8,915	404,350	197,705	206,640
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	800,135	426,875	373,260	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000
Employee	707,780	368,480	339,305	16,073,685	8,158,745	7,914,940
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	92,350	58,400	33,955	2,194,440	1,375,380	819,060
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	816,550	434,375	382,175	18,672,470	9,731,830	8,940,645
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	16,410	7,495	8,915	404,350	197,710	206,640
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	800,135	426,880	373,260	18,268,120	9,534,120	8,734,005
0 Management occupations	90,790	58,475	32,315	2,013,370	1,251,165	762,205
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	141,150	44,130	97,020	2,874,305	862,870	2,011,440
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	87,245	68,015	19,230	1,273,660	990,560	283,105
3 Health occupations	52,235	10,590	41,650	1,245,885	244,730	1,001,155
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	81,320	26,145	55,170	2,138,445	672,945	1,465,495
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	20,855	8,815	12,035	557,275	255,705	301,570
6 Sales and service occupations	180,840	79,955	100,885	4,265,895	1,843,510	2,422,390
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	114,640	106,780	7,855	2,668,875	2,504,290	164,585
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	12,480	10,115	2,360	416,135	331,920	84,215
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	18,585	13,840	4,745	814,285	576,435	237,845
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	816,545	434,375	382,170	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,640
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	16,410	7,495	8,915	404,350	197,710	206,640
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	800,135	426,880	373,260	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	4,555	2,735	1,820	444,680	310,000	134,675
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	50,600	32,110	18,485	271,300	219,880	51,420
22 Utilities	8,865	5,645	3,215	136,350	100,135	36,210
23 Construction	74,990	64,705	10,285	1,365,010	1,196,550	168,455
31-33 Manufacturing	41,525	30,800	10,725	1,596,570	1,149,745	446,820
41 Wholesale trade	29,215	19,960	9,255	665,685	451,230	214,455
44-45 Retail trade	88,055	42,720	45,330	2,110,200	984,090	1,126,115
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	45,945	32,060	13,890	876,050	656,375	219,670
51 Information and cultural industries	15,755	9,395	6,360	420,350	243,650	176,705
52 Finance and insurance	29,105	12,665	16,440	790,580	327,865	462,715
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	16,185	9,130	7,055	333,305	184,350	148,955
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	83,820	48,950	34,870	1,335,125	740,520	594,605
55 Management of companies and enterprises	3,780	2,000	1,775	28,795	12,795	16,000
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	34,115	19,700	14,410	802,420	462,825	339,590
61 Educational services	49,875	15,540	34,335	1,346,585	420,845	925,735
62 Health care and social assistance	85,555	15,565	69,985	2,138,025	383,755	1,754,270
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	18,185	8,815	9,370	379,740	192,875	186,865
72 Accommodation and food services	55,355	23,500	31,850	1,283,725	535,210	748,515
81 Other services (except public administration)	34,195	14,190	20,010	814,695	371,880	442,815
91 Public administration	30,470	16,685	13,785	1,128,945	589,530	539,405
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	740,235	391,565	348,675	17,230,035	8,923,540	8,306,495
Worked at home	52,835	24,905	27,935	1,272,285	639,500	632,785
Worked outside Canada	3,185	2,430	755	78,815	54,235	24,580
No fixed workplace address	102,190	76,680	25,510	1,987,260	1,487,445	499,820
Worked at usual place	582,020	287,550	294,470	13,891,675	6,742,360	7,149,315
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	582,020	287,545	294,470	13,891,680	6,742,365	7,149,315
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	505,650	243,660	261,985	8,102,115	3,723,115	4,379,005
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	62,840	34,395	28,450	2,906,390	1,435,640	1,470,750
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	10,070	7,365	2,705	2,725,205	1,492,170	1,233,030
Commute to a different province or territory	3,455	2,125	1,325	157,970	91,445	66,525
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	684,215	364,230	319,985	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135
Car, truck, van - as a driver	498,360	279,155	219,210	11,748,095	6,380,120	5,367,975
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	34,750	12,050	22,695	868,920	349,855	519,065
Public transit	98,510	44,150	54,355	1,968,215	846,735	1,121,485
Walked	32,025	15,270	16,755	877,985	392,950	485,030
Bicycle	10,285	7,200	3,085	222,130	146,615	75,515
Other method	10,285	6,400	3,885	193,595	113,525	80,060
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	684,210	364,225	319,985	15,878,945	8,229,810	7,649,130
Less than 15 minutes	121,245	55,130	66,115	4,449,920	2,071,365	2,378,555
15 to 29 minutes	277,325	148,105	129,220	5,314,295	2,725,165	2,589,130
30 to 44 minutes	184,025	104,905	79,120	3,228,845	1,782,680	1,446,165
45 to 59 minutes	60,110	32,725	27,380	1,391,060	768,115	622,940
60 minutes and over	41,510	23,360	18,145	1,494,830	882,485	612,345
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	684,215	364,225	319,985	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	46,890	32,780	14,115	1,073,680	781,230	292,455
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	142,025	86,275	55,745	2,814,750	1,754,045	1,060,710
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	200,285	103,580	96,705	4,458,835	2,217,210	2,241,620
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	120,495	56,335	64,160	3,349,975	1,408,710	1,941,265
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	74,025	32,085	41,935	1,756,265	752,940	1,003,325
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	100,500	53,180	47,320	2,425,435	1,315,670	1,109,765
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	866,890	457,575	409,315	19,956,255	10,342,970	9,613,285
Single responses	856,800	452,770	404,030	19,365,980	10,042,855	9,323,130
Official languages	846,880	447,635	399,245	19,090,545	9,897,470	9,193,075
English	844,745	447,015	397,725	15,265,335	7,952,010	7,313,320
French	2,140	620	1,520	3,825,215	1,945,465	1,879,750
Non-official languages	9,925	5,135	4,785	275,430	145,380	130,055
Aboriginal languages	10	10	0	24,950	12,385	12,565
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	14,440	7,370	7,070
Blackfoot	0	0	0	80	45	35
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	11,540	5,820	5,720
Atikamekw	0	0	0	1,095	580	515
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	2,055	970	1,085
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	370	180	190
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	40	25	10
Plains Cree	0	0	0	95	60	35
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	15	10	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	75	35	40
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	7,795	3,965	3,835
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	925	510	420
Malecite	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	915	505	410
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	1,895	995	900
Algonquin	0	0	0	45	20	25
Ojibway	0	0	0	765	380	385
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	1,080	595	485
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	1,140	530	610
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	1,135	525	610
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	20	0	15
Chilcotin	0	0	0	20	0	10
Dene	0	0	0	770	360	405
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	165	80	80
Gwich'in	0	0	0	10	10	10
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	135	65	70
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	95	45	45
South Slavey	0	0	0	35	20	20
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	10
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	10	0	10
Inuit languages	0	0	0	8,845	4,255	4,595
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	35	10	25
Inuktitut	0	0	0	8,800	4,240	4,555
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	35	10	30
Cayuga	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	35	10	25
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	10	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	110	25	85
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	15	10	10
Lillooet	0	0	0	15	10	10
Okanagan	0	0	0	20	10	20
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	35	0	30
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	15	0	15
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Siouan languages	10	0	0	260	155	105
Dakota	0	0	0	20	10	10
Stoney	10	0	10	240	145	95
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	10	10	10
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	25	0	20
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Nisga'a	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	35	15	20
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	30	15	15
Non-Aboriginal languages	9,915	5,135	4,780	250,485	132,990	117,490
Afro-Asiatic languages	340	205	135	7,380	4,530	2,850
Berber languages	0	0	0	35	10	30
Kabyle	0	0	0	20	0	20
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	15
Cushitic languages	10	10	10	275	105	170
Bilen	0	0	0	10	10	10
Oromo	0	0	0	45	25	20
Somali	0	0	0	220	80	145
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	335	205	130	7,065	4,420	2,650
Amharic	50	30	15	200	95	100
Arabic	240	150	85	5,585	3,695	1,890
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10	0	0	205	155	55
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	30	20	15
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	25	10	15	825	335	490
Maltese	0	0	0	25	15	10
Tigrigna	15	0	10	135	70	60
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	65	35	30
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages	835	305	525	8,550	3,790	4,760
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	475	230	245
Vietnamese	835	305	525	8,070	3,560	4,510
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	330	150	180	3,850	1,750	2,095
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	75	20	55
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	10	25	0	15
Ilocano	15	0	15	110	50	60
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	0	0	140	75	65
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	300	145	155	3,450	1,580	1,875
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	25	15
Creole languages	0	0	0	350	125	225
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	25	10	15
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	315	110	200
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	10
Dravidian languages	20	10	10	2,225	1,060	1,165
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	90	50	45
Tamil	20	10	10	2,090	1,005	1,080
Telugu	10	0	10	45	10	35
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Indo-European languages	3,210	1,780	1,430	85,550	47,305	38,245
Albanian	20	20	10	350	220	125
Armenian	0	0	0	450	220	230
Balto-Slavic languages	315	155	160	10,075	4,745	5,330
Baltic languages	0	0	0	95	35	60
Latvian	0	0	0	40	10	25
Lithuanian	0	0	0	60	25	30
Slavic languages	315	160	155	9,980	4,710	5,270
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	10	0	155	90	65
Bulgarian	10	0	0	205	110	90
Croatian	15	0	10	220	130	95
Czech	0	0	0	70	40	30
Macedonian	0	0	0	95	45	55
Polish	100	70	25	2,500	1,265	1,235
Russian	160	65	95	4,850	2,135	2,720
Serbian	10	0	0	530	320	210
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	30	25	0
Slovak	0	0	0	100	60	40
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Ukrainian	20	0	20	1,210	485	725
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	25	20	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	15	15	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Germanic languages	105	65	45	13,285	7,455	5,835
Afrikaans	15	10	10	85	40	40
Danish	0	0	0	90	50	35
Dutch	0	0	0	1,165	630	540
Frisian	0	0	0	40	25	15
German	70	50	25	10,065	5,715	4,345
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	10	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	65	30	40
Swedish	10	10	10	125	55	70
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	10	35	20	15
Yiddish	0	0	0	895	390	505
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	720	495	225
Greek	10	0	10	1,020	545	475
Indo-Iranian languages	1,880	1,120	765	37,330	21,140	16,190
Indo-Aryan languages	1,745	1,035	705	32,485	18,125	14,360
Bengali	15	0	10	530	275	245
Gujarati	20	10	10	880	300	585
Hindi	110	50	55	1,405	755	650
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	10	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	30	15	15
Nepali	30	15	10	195	95	100
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	1,455	900	550	27,870	15,945	11,920
Sindhi	10	0	0	35	10	30
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	0	10	40	25	20
Urdu	105	40	65	1,495	705	790
Iranian languages	135	85	50	4,820	3,000	1,815
Kurdish	0	0	0	185	150	40
Pashto	15	15	0	50	20	25
Persian (Farsi)	120	70	50	4,580	2,830	1,750
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	20	10	15
Italic (Romance) languages	875	420	460	23,025	12,965	10,060
Catalan	0	0	0	30	10	20
Italian	10	10	0	1,705	895	805
Portuguese	90	45	45	7,490	4,795	2,695
Romanian	55	30	20	745	365	380
Spanish	725	335	395	13,030	6,885	6,145
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	10
Japanese	95	35	60	3,255	1,195	2,065
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	30	10	20
Georgian	0	0	0	30	10	20
Korean	495	210	285	12,150	6,260	5,885
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Niger-Congo languages	20	10	20	235	120	115
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	25	10	20
Bamanankan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	20	10	10
Igbo	0	0	0	10	10	0
Lingala	0	0	0	10	0	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	25	0	15
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	20	10	15	80	50	30
Wolof	0	0	0	10	0	10
Yoruba	10	0	0	15	0	15
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	20	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	55	25	35	1,920	740	1,180
American Sign Language	25	10	15	1,145	340	810
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	135	15	115
Sign languages, n.i.e	30	10	15	640	390	255
Sino-Tibetan languages	4,405	2,350	2,055	122,880	65,030	57,850
Chinese languages	4,375	2,330	2,045	122,610	64,880	57,730
Cantonese	2,845	1,470	1,380	58,815	30,485	28,340
Hakka	0	0	0	70	25	45
Mandarin	1,385	780	605	60,090	32,430	27,665
Min Dong	0	0	0	25	15	10
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	0	0	565	335	225
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	105	65	45
Chinese, n.o.s.	130	75	50	2,930	1,530	1,405
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	35	20	15	270	155	115
Burmese	10	10	0	75	35	35
Karenic languages	15	10	10	135	75	55
Tibetan	0	0	0	50	30	20
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	15	10	10
Tai-Kadai languages	25	15	10	675	270	405
Lao	0	0	0	150	70	80
Thai	25	10	15	525	205	325
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	20	10	10	750	475	275
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	30	20	0
Turkish	25	10	10	685	435	255
Uyghur	0	0	0	15	15	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	15	10	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	55	35	15	595	270	325
Estonian	0	0	0	50	15	40
Finnish	0	0	0	105	40	65
Hungarian	55	35	15	435	225	215
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	80	45	35
Multiple responses	10,090	4,805	5,290	590,270	300,115	290,155
English and French	1,690	655	1,030	412,680	211,095	201,585
English and non-official language	8,230	4,065	4,170	154,285	77,870	76,420
French and non-official language	20	10	10	7,830	3,595	4,235
English, French and non-official language	150	70	75	15,475	7,565	7,915
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	866,890	457,575	409,315	19,956,250	10,342,970	9,613,290
None	828,085	438,000	390,085	17,456,725	9,056,235	8,400,490
English	5,290	2,450	2,840	1,259,225	661,460	597,765
French	8,150	3,665	4,480	705,780	349,035	356,745
Non-official language	24,700	13,115	11,580	496,565	257,455	239,105
Aboriginal	85	25	55	37,615	17,215	20,400
Non-Aboriginal	24,615	13,095	11,520	458,945	240,245	218,710
English and French	25	0	15	2,535	1,200	1,335
English and non-official language	110	50	60	18,040	8,765	9,280
French and non-official language	535	280	255	17,265	8,730	8,540
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	115	90	30
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	1,357,180	678,080	679,105	34,091,785	16,783,745	17,308,035
Non-movers	1,142,750	569,925	572,825	29,644,795	14,593,190	15,051,605
Movers	214,425	108,155	106,275	4,446,990	2,190,555	2,256,435
Non-migrants	153,055	77,875	75,180	2,623,515	1,292,750	1,330,760
Migrants	61,370	30,275	31,095	1,823,475	897,805	925,670
Internal migrants	39,845	19,640	20,205	1,451,005	713,060	737,945
Intraprovincial migrants	23,690	11,855	11,835	1,189,525	580,895	608,630
Interprovincial migrants	16,155	7,785	8,370	261,475	132,160	129,315
External migrants	21,530	10,635	10,890	372,475	184,745	187,730
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	1,285,960	641,350	644,605	32,568,560	16,004,315	16,564,245
Non-movers	689,470	342,630	346,840	20,134,760	9,902,645	10,232,115
Movers	596,490	298,725	297,765	12,433,805	6,101,675	6,332,130
Non-migrants	356,385	179,960	176,420	6,755,630	3,314,730	3,440,905
Migrants	240,105	118,755	121,350	5,678,175	2,786,945	2,891,230
Internal migrants	148,940	74,330	74,615	4,296,720	2,104,325	2,192,395
Intraprovincial migrants	69,955	34,980	34,970	3,467,670	1,689,950	1,777,720
Interprovincial migrants	78,990	39,345	39,640	829,045	414,375	414,670
External migrants	91,165	44,430	46,730	1,381,460	682,625	698,835