Census Profile, 2016 Census
Edmonton [Census metropolitan area], Alberta and British Columbia [Province]

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Edmonton Alberta [Census metropolitan area]			British Columbia [Province]
	Data quality , Edmonton [Census metropolitan area], Alberta  Map : Edmonton [Census metropolitan area], Alberta Change geography 1			Data quality : British Columbia [Province]  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	1,321,426	...	...	4,648,055	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	1,159,869	...	...	4,400,057	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	13.9	...	...	5.6	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	537,634	...	...	2,063,417	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	502,143	...	...	1,881,969	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	140.0	...	...	5.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	9,438.86	...	...	922,503.01	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	1,321,425	660,570	660,855	4,648,055	2,278,245	2,369,815
0 to 14 years	243,200	124,360	118,840	691,390	355,400	335,985
0 to 4 years	85,100	43,375	41,730	220,625	113,355	107,275
5 to 9 years	83,715	42,740	40,970	236,900	122,070	114,830
10 to 14 years	74,380	38,245	36,140	233,860	119,975	113,885
15 to 64 years	915,560	462,435	453,125	3,107,680	1,527,280	1,580,400
15 to 19 years	75,695	38,920	36,775	258,980	133,000	125,985
20 to 24 years	92,345	47,090	45,255	287,560	147,615	139,945
25 to 29 years	109,080	55,445	53,640	303,000	151,585	151,415
30 to 34 years	112,310	56,705	55,605	313,750	155,035	158,715
35 to 39 years	100,240	50,770	49,470	293,590	143,070	150,520
40 to 44 years	89,520	45,350	44,165	295,045	141,930	153,115
45 to 49 years	85,525	43,055	42,470	322,365	155,325	167,040
50 to 54 years	90,785	45,375	45,410	354,375	172,065	182,310
55 to 59 years	87,575	43,810	43,760	354,925	171,210	183,715
60 to 64 years	72,500	35,915	36,580	324,095	156,450	167,645
65 years and over	162,665	73,765	88,895	848,985	395,560	453,425
65 to 69 years	55,960	27,270	28,695	287,520	139,490	148,035
70 to 74 years	37,415	17,745	19,670	201,785	97,675	104,110
75 to 79 years	27,425	12,545	14,885	145,225	68,715	76,510
80 to 84 years	20,600	8,775	11,820	105,255	48,645	56,610
85 years and over	21,260	7,435	13,830	109,190	41,035	68,155
85 to 89 years	13,315	5,195	8,120	67,510	27,930	39,575
90 to 94 years	6,120	1,840	4,275	31,815	10,615	21,205
95 to 99 years	1,585	360	1,220	8,545	2,215	6,330
100 years and over	245	35	210	1,325	275	1,050
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	18.4	18.8	18.0	14.9	15.6	14.2
15 to 64 years	69.3	70.0	68.6	66.9	67.0	66.7
65 years and over	12.3	11.2	13.5	18.3	17.4	19.1
85 years and over	1.6	1.1	2.1	2.3	1.8	2.9
Average age of the population	37.8	37.1	38.5	42.3	41.5	43.1
Median age of the population	36.3	35.7	37.0	43.0	41.9	44.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	502,140	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
Single-detached house	287,775	...	...	830,660	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	26,885	...	...	177,830	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	180,580	...	...	824,190	...	...
Semi-detached house	31,195	...	...	57,395	...	...
Row house	42,865	...	...	147,830	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	10,680	...	...	230,075	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	95,675	...	...	385,140	...	...
Other single-attached house	165	...	...	3,755	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	6,905	...	...	49,290	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	502,145	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
1 person	123,655	...	...	541,910	...	...
2 persons	168,735	...	...	663,770	...	...
3 persons	82,535	...	...	277,690	...	...
4 persons	77,110	...	...	243,125	...	...
5 or more persons	50,115	...	...	155,470	...	...
Number of persons in private households	1,297,280	...	...	4,560,240	...	...
Average household size	2.6	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	1,078,230	536,210	542,025	3,956,665	1,922,840	2,033,825
Married or living common law	627,500	314,990	312,510	2,297,325	1,146,175	1,151,150
Married	525,300	263,835	261,465	1,925,345	959,690	965,645
Living common law	102,200	51,155	51,045	371,985	186,485	185,505
Not married and not living common law	450,730	221,220	229,510	1,659,335	776,660	882,675
Never married	312,570	173,655	138,915	1,076,085	582,975	493,110
Separated	25,390	11,000	14,390	105,700	45,225	60,475
Divorced	65,720	27,020	38,695	263,870	103,475	160,395
Widowed	47,055	9,540	37,510	213,685	44,990	168,700
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	360,845	...	...	1,311,340	...	...
2 persons	173,185	...	...	703,685	...	...
3 persons	78,690	...	...	275,965	...	...
4 persons	74,835	...	...	243,960	...	...
5 or more persons	34,135	...	...	87,730	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	360,845	...	...	1,311,345	...	...
Total couple families	304,740	...	...	1,113,405	...	...
Married couples	253,655	...	...	927,440	...	...
Common-law couples	51,080	...	...	185,960	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	56,105	...	...	197,940	...	...
Female parent	43,515	...	...	155,670	...	...
Male parent	12,590	...	...	42,265	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	304,735	...	...	1,113,400	...	...
Couples without children	139,070	...	...	577,790	...	...
Couples with children	165,665	...	...	535,610	...	...
1 child	63,125	...	...	221,065	...	...
2 children	70,360	...	...	230,705	...	...
3 or more children	32,185	...	...	83,840	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	56,105	...	...	197,940	...	...
1 child	34,110	...	...	125,890	...	...
2 children	15,565	...	...	54,900	...	...
3 or more children	6,435	...	...	17,145	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	231,985	121,605	110,380	882,895	418,495	464,405
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	502,145	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
One-census-family households	336,245	...	...	1,195,735	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	129,390	...	...	527,700	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	206,855	...	...	668,035	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	11,980	...	...	55,620	...	...
Non-census-family households	153,920	...	...	630,620	...	...
One-person households	123,655	...	...	541,915	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	30,265	...	...	88,705	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	1,307,175	654,005	653,170	4,598,415	2,255,395	2,343,015
English only	1,189,600	600,100	589,500	4,127,770	2,050,130	2,077,645
French only	1,765	775	985	1,810	820	985
English and French	95,160	44,820	50,340	314,925	140,650	174,275
Neither English nor French	20,650	8,300	12,345	153,910	63,795	90,115
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	1,307,170	654,000	653,170	4,598,415	2,255,395	2,343,020
English	1,252,685	628,165	624,525	4,373,330	2,156,680	2,216,655
French	27,475	14,300	13,175	55,325	27,680	27,640
English and French	6,885	3,520	3,370	18,000	8,315	9,685
Neither English nor French	20,120	8,020	12,105	151,760	62,720	89,040
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	30,925	16,060	14,860	64,325	31,840	32,480
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	2.4	2.5	2.3	1.4	1.4	1.4
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	1,307,175	654,000	653,170	4,598,415	2,255,400	2,343,015
Single responses	1,272,990	637,380	635,610	4,494,995	2,205,775	2,289,220
Official languages	957,505	484,440	473,065	3,227,535	1,614,375	1,613,160
English	930,410	470,330	460,075	3,170,110	1,585,760	1,584,355
French	27,100	14,105	12,995	57,425	28,615	28,810
Non-official languages	315,485	152,940	162,545	1,267,460	591,400	676,060
Aboriginal languages	2,740	1,095	1,645	8,435	3,940	4,490
Algonquian languages	2,150	845	1,305	1,050	445	605
Blackfoot	35	10	25	40	5	35
Cree-Montagnais languages	2,005	795	1,210	840	375	465
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	5	0	0	5	5	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	15	5	10	10	0	10
Plains Cree	350	120	230	150	60	85
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	25	5	15	25	15	10
Woods Cree	155	65	90	60	25	35
Cree, n.o.s.	1,455	590	860	585	270	320
Eastern Algonquian languages	10	5	5	10	5	10
Malecite	0	5	0	5	0	0
Mi'kmaq	10	5	5	10	5	5
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	95	40	55	155	55	105
Algonquin	0	0	5	5	5	0
Ojibway	90	35	55	135	50	90
Oji-Cree	5	0	0	10	0	10
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	220	80	145	2,310	1,045	1,260
Northern Athabaskan languages	220	75	145	2,295	1,045	1,250
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	110	55	55
Beaver	0	5	5	160	75	85
Carrier	5	0	5	1,005	460	550
Chilcotin	0	0	0	650	295	355
Dene	145	50	95	90	35	50
Dogrib (Tlicho)	20	5	10	5	0	0
Gwich'in	5	0	5	15	5	10
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Sekani	0	0	0	85	40	45
Slavey-Hare languages	40	15	25	75	30	45
North Slavey (Hare)	10	0	10	5	0	0
South Slavey	25	10	15	20	5	15
Slavey, n.o.s.	10	5	5	50	25	30
Tahltan languages	5	0	0	105	45	50
Kaska (Nahani)	5	0	5	15	10	5
Tahltan	0	0	0	90	40	50
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Northern Tutchone	5	0	0	5	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	5	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	15	5	10
Haida	5	5	0	70	30	40
Inuit languages	65	20	50	80	30	55
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	10	0	10	10	0	10
Inuktitut	40	10	30	50	20	30
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	15	5	15	20	10	10
Iroquoian languages	5	5	5	15	10	5
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	5	0	5	10	5	5
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	100	55	50
Michif	35	20	15	35	20	10
Salish languages	5	0	5	2,270	1,115	1,155
Comox	0	0	0	80	45	40
Halkomelem	0	5	0	475	230	245
Lillooet	0	0	0	315	155	160
Okanagan	0	0	0	270	135	135
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	435	220	215
Squamish	0	0	0	35	20	20
Straits	0	0	0	80	40	40
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	330	150	185
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	250	130	120
Siouan languages	225	100	120	45	25	20
Dakota	70	25	40	30	15	20
Stoney	155	80	75	0	0	5
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	5	5	0
Tlingit	5	0	0	30	15	15
Tsimshian languages	5	5	0	1,460	715	740
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	5	0	0	875	435	445
Nisga'a	5	0	0	385	195	190
Tsimshian	0	0	0	195	90	110
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	795	365	435
Haisla	0	0	0	90	40	55
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	100	45	55
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	320	140	180
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	275	135	140
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	10	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	25	20	5	190	80	110
Non-Aboriginal languages	312,745	151,845	160,900	1,259,025	587,455	671,570
Afro-Asiatic languages	31,265	16,330	14,935	24,870	13,405	11,465
Berber languages	130	75	60	115	75	45
Kabyle	75	45	30	40	30	15
Berber languages, n.i.e.	60	30	30	80	45	30
Cushitic languages	7,905	3,970	3,940	1,505	765	740
Bilen	245	140	105	5	0	0
Oromo	1,130	585	540	205	115	95
Somali	6,510	3,235	3,275	1,270	640	640
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	20	10	15
Semitic languages	23,155	12,245	10,910	23,195	12,540	10,655
Amharic	2,515	1,215	1,295	1,370	670	700
Arabic	17,520	9,375	8,145	17,480	9,595	7,890
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	75	35	35	650	315	330
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	35	25	15	440	245	200
Harari	165	85	80	20	5	15
Hebrew	405	220	180	2,065	1,125	940
Maltese	30	10	15	215	100	115
Tigrigna	2,330	1,225	1,110	805	395	405
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	80	50	35	150	80	65
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	65	45	25	55	30	25
Austro-Asiatic languages	9,640	4,450	5,190	28,740	13,170	15,575
Khmer (Cambodian)	765	360	405	1,560	710	850
Vietnamese	8,870	4,080	4,785	27,150	12,440	14,710
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	30	15	15
Austronesian languages	42,565	18,515	24,050	96,535	38,765	57,770
Bikol	115	50	60	375	165	215
Cebuano	1,940	810	1,125	4,065	1,565	2,505
Fijian	55	30	25	470	240	230
Hiligaynon	530	235	295	1,470	550	920
Ilocano	1,850	780	1,065	5,240	2,055	3,190
Malagasy	10	5	5	20	10	15
Malay	515	225	290	3,895	1,675	2,220
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	340	155	180	700	320	380
Pangasinan	110	45	70	295	130	170
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	36,750	16,010	20,740	78,770	31,550	47,220
Waray-Waray	75	30	40	215	85	135
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	285	125	155	1,015	435	580
Creole languages	1,015	530	490	840	440	400
Haitian Creole	55	25	30	35	20	15
Creole, n.o.s.	615	345	275	500	255	245
Creole languages, n.i.e.	350	160	185	305	155	145
Dravidian languages	6,790	3,545	3,250	7,500	3,995	3,510
Kannada	210	105	100	280	150	135
Malayalam	3,455	1,785	1,675	2,385	1,260	1,130
Tamil	2,170	1,150	1,025	3,615	1,875	1,740
Telugu	940	495	440	1,175	695	480
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	20	15	15	45	20	25
Hmong-Mien languages	10	5	5	140	75	70
Indo-European languages	152,395	75,615	76,780	588,175	286,135	302,035
Albanian	770	415	350	1,465	765	705
Armenian	170	85	85	1,195	600	600
Balto-Slavic languages	34,695	16,210	18,480	83,110	38,595	44,515
Baltic languages	320	145	175	1,070	485	585
Latvian	150	65	80	565	255	300
Lithuanian	170	75	95	505	225	280
Slavic languages	34,375	16,070	18,300	82,040	38,110	43,930
Belarusan	35	15	15	95	45	50
Bosnian	710	355	355	1,360	675	685
Bulgarian	480	250	225	2,025	955	1,070
Croatian	2,010	1,050	960	7,475	3,655	3,820
Czech	895	435	460	5,920	2,850	3,070
Macedonian	185	90	90	325	160	165
Polish	9,380	4,375	5,000	16,910	7,875	9,035
Russian	5,730	2,655	3,075	25,955	11,640	14,310
Serbian	1,835	930	910	7,045	3,600	3,450
Serbo-Croatian	360	180	175	1,395	670	725
Slovak	610	300	315	3,400	1,525	1,870
Slovene (Slovenian)	290	140	155	1,160	545	615
Ukrainian	11,770	5,250	6,520	8,630	3,730	4,900
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	90	45	45	345	175	170
Celtic languages	120	75	45	615	325	290
Scottish Gaelic	45	25	20	240	130	110
Welsh	35	25	15	280	145	135
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	35	25	15	95	50	45
Germanic languages	20,925	9,990	10,935	101,725	48,350	53,380
Afrikaans	575	300	270	3,260	1,655	1,610
Danish	745	365	375	4,665	2,280	2,385
Dutch	4,100	1,985	2,120	21,020	10,130	10,895
Frisian	90	50	40	295	145	145
German	14,760	6,995	7,765	66,885	31,525	35,360
Icelandic	35	15	25	275	135	145
Norwegian	210	100	110	2,005	970	1,035
Swedish	270	115	155	2,520	1,100	1,420
Vlaams (Flemish)	80	35	45	445	220	225
Yiddish	55	30	25	290	150	140
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	65	45	25
Greek	1,075	585	490	6,115	3,245	2,870
Indo-Iranian languages	64,055	32,905	31,155	297,800	147,830	149,970
Indo-Aryan languages	57,440	29,435	28,005	251,000	124,260	126,740
Bengali	2,335	1,230	1,110	3,180	1,665	1,510
Gujarati	5,745	2,980	2,765	6,895	3,290	3,605
Hindi	8,410	4,235	4,180	26,720	12,910	13,810
Kashmiri	20	10	10	65	35	25
Konkani	155	80	75	255	130	125
Marathi	535	275	260	620	325	295
Nepali	1,990	1,040	955	1,155	620	540
Oriya (Odia)	70	40	30	70	35	35
Punjabi (Panjabi)	27,780	14,270	13,515	198,805	98,525	100,285
Sindhi	940	435	500	1,675	780	895
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	1,305	680	630	1,675	845	830
Urdu	8,140	4,155	3,985	9,885	5,090	4,795
Iranian languages	6,335	3,320	3,015	46,390	23,355	23,035
Kurdish	755	420	340	1,765	945	825
Pashto	660	350	310	1,155	615	535
Persian (Farsi)	4,920	2,555	2,370	43,470	21,795	21,675
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	280	150	130	410	220	195
Italic (Romance) languages	30,585	15,355	15,235	96,135	46,430	49,710
Catalan	25	15	15	160	85	75
Italian	4,910	2,440	2,470	22,680	11,445	11,230
Portuguese	4,630	2,260	2,370	17,450	8,240	9,210
Romanian	2,540	1,270	1,265	8,730	4,250	4,480
Spanish	18,465	9,365	9,105	47,010	22,335	24,675
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	105	65	40
Japanese	1,055	340	715	21,350	7,195	14,150
Kartvelian languages	70	40	25	85	50	35
Georgian	65	40	30	85	50	40
Korean	6,330	3,005	3,325	52,160	23,495	28,670
Mongolic languages	80	35	45	360	150	205
Mongolian	80	35	45	360	155	210
Niger-Congo languages	7,320	3,700	3,620	3,725	1,875	1,850
Akan (Twi)	885	460	425	495	275	220
Bamanankan	15	10	5	10	5	5
Edo	140	75	70	85	50	35
Ewe	125	75	55	85	45	35
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	140	75	65	45	25	20
Ga	65	35	30	45	20	25
Ganda	210	105	105	90	45	45
Igbo	305	165	145	245	145	105
Lingala	160	80	80	80	30	45
Rundi (Kirundi)	400	200	205	115	50	60
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	610	305	305	155	70	80
Shona	565	275	290	215	100	115
Swahili	1,245	600	645	805	400	405
Wolof	130	85	45	50	25	25
Yoruba	700	390	310	330	185	150
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	1,610	760	850	885	410	480
Nilo-Saharan languages	750	385	365	340	175	165
Dinka	335	170	160	105	60	45
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	410	210	205	240	115	125
Sign languages	390	190	200	1,155	610	545
American Sign Language	175	80	100	470	230	240
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	5	0	5
Sign languages, n.i.e	210	105	105	690	380	305
Sino-Tibetan languages	47,885	22,610	25,270	410,920	187,725	223,190
Chinese languages	47,180	22,240	24,945	408,415	186,455	221,960
Cantonese	22,670	10,590	12,080	193,530	89,325	104,210
Hakka	620	290	330	2,325	1,010	1,315
Mandarin	19,930	9,465	10,465	186,325	84,370	101,955
Min Dong	70	30	40	230	105	120
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	1,265	580	685	11,210	4,995	6,215
Wu (Shanghainese)	235	120	115	4,540	1,995	2,545
Chinese, n.o.s.	2,365	1,160	1,205	10,050	4,570	5,480
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	25	5	15	205	85	120
Tibeto-Burman languages	700	370	330	2,500	1,265	1,230
Burmese	145	75	65	1,125	580	545
Karenic languages	430	235	200	815	395	425
Tibetan	20	15	5	330	175	160
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	105	50	55	230	120	110
Tai-Kadai languages	1,020	380	635	3,985	1,335	2,650
Lao	385	190	195	1,100	550	550
Thai	625	190	435	2,865	775	2,090
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	15	5	10	20	10	15
Turkic languages	2,075	1,160	915	4,140	2,295	1,845
Azerbaijani	120	75	45	530	290	235
Turkish	1,740	965	770	3,145	1,790	1,360
Uyghur	60	35	25	170	85	85
Uzbek	110	60	45	105	50	55
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	50	25	25	190	80	110
Uralic languages	1,850	880	975	13,490	6,285	7,205
Estonian	45	20	30	705	295	410
Finnish	225	95	130	3,760	1,555	2,200
Hungarian	1,580	765	815	9,025	4,435	4,590
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	235	130	100	500	280	225
Multiple responses	34,180	16,625	17,560	103,415	49,625	53,795
English and French	3,915	1,915	2,000	10,065	4,815	5,250
English and non-official language	28,420	13,785	14,635	89,135	42,820	46,315
French and non-official language	1,225	610	620	2,100	1,040	1,065
English, French and non-official language	615	310	305	2,115	950	1,165
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	1,307,175	654,000	653,175	4,598,415	2,255,395	2,343,015
Single responses	1,235,280	618,935	616,350	4,365,875	2,145,020	2,220,855
Official languages	1,061,360	533,475	527,880	3,648,500	1,807,825	1,840,675
English	1,050,405	527,870	522,530	3,631,700	1,799,625	1,832,075
French	10,950	5,605	5,340	16,795	8,195	8,605
Non-official languages	173,925	85,455	88,470	717,375	337,200	380,180
Aboriginal languages	535	240	295	1,565	765	795
Algonquian languages	450	205	245	105	50	55
Blackfoot	10	0	5	0	5	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	420	190	230	85	40	45
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	15	10	5	0	0	0
Plains Cree	55	25	30	15	10	10
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	20	10	10	0	0	5
Cree, n.o.s.	325	145	180	60	30	30
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	0	0	5	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	5	5	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	25	10	10	10	5	5
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	20	10	10	15	5	5
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	20	5	15	610	290	320
Northern Athabaskan languages	20	5	15	605	290	315
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Beaver	0	0	0	40	20	20
Carrier	0	0	5	245	110	130
Chilcotin	0	0	0	260	125	130
Dene	15	5	5	15	5	10
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	15	10	5
Slavey-Hare languages	5	0	5	10	5	5
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	10	5	5
Inuit languages	5	0	5	10	5	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	5	10	0	5
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	5
Iroquoian languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	15	10	5
Michif	0	0	0	0	5	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	275	130	150
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	50	20	30
Lillooet	0	0	0	25	15	15
Okanagan	0	0	0	85	35	45
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	50	30	20
Squamish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Straits	0	0	0	25	10	15
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Siouan languages	40	15	20	15	10	5
Dakota	15	10	10	10	10	5
Stoney	25	10	15	5	5	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	405	215	195
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	310	155	155
Nisga'a	0	0	0	70	45	25
Tsimshian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	75	40	35
Haisla	0	0	0	20	10	15
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	25	10	10
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	30	15	10
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	15	5	5	45	15	25
Non-Aboriginal languages	173,390	85,215	88,175	715,815	336,435	379,380
Afro-Asiatic languages	20,330	10,315	10,020	13,990	7,065	6,920
Berber languages	95	45	50	45	25	20
Kabyle	50	25	25	20	10	15
Berber languages, n.i.e.	45	20	25	25	15	10
Cushitic languages	5,850	2,930	2,920	770	355	415
Bilen	210	125	90	0	0	0
Oromo	885	450	435	90	50	45
Somali	4,740	2,355	2,385	665	300	360
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	15	5	10
Semitic languages	14,365	7,325	7,040	13,155	6,680	6,475
Amharic	1,695	805	890	600	275	320
Arabic	10,590	5,450	5,145	10,415	5,335	5,080
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	40	20	20	405	195	210
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	20	10	5	310	165	145
Harari	115	55	60	10	5	5
Hebrew	185	100	95	900	465	440
Maltese	5	0	5	15	5	10
Tigrigna	1,655	855	800	410	190	225
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	50	35	25	95	45	50
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	20	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages	6,245	2,890	3,365	17,870	8,305	9,560
Khmer (Cambodian)	385	185	205	800	375	420
Vietnamese	5,860	2,700	3,155	17,055	7,920	9,130
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	15	10	5
Austronesian languages	22,800	10,715	12,085	40,605	17,945	22,660
Bikol	15	5	5	75	30	35
Cebuano	810	390	420	1,305	585	715
Fijian	25	15	10	110	65	55
Hiligaynon	190	85	105	415	175	240
Ilocano	605	285	320	1,615	695	930
Malagasy	5	5	0	10	5	10
Malay	130	65	65	1,120	510	605
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	125	60	70	150	70	80
Pangasinan	25	10	15	55	25	30
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20,765	9,745	11,020	35,375	15,600	19,770
Waray-Waray	10	0	5	55	25	35
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	85	40	40	310	150	160
Creole languages	570	285	280	335	150	180
Haitian Creole	40	20	20	0	0	5
Creole, n.o.s.	380	200	180	235	105	130
Creole languages, n.i.e.	150	70	80	95	50	45
Dravidian languages	4,415	2,280	2,140	3,940	1,995	1,940
Kannada	80	40	40	110	55	60
Malayalam	2,330	1,195	1,130	1,225	615	605
Tamil	1,445	760	680	2,055	1,025	1,030
Telugu	560	280	280	535	295	240
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	15	5	10
Hmong-Mien languages	10	5	5	55	25	30
Indo-European languages	75,400	37,840	37,560	282,090	137,135	144,955
Albanian	370	195	175	695	335	360
Armenian	70	35	35	545	240	305
Balto-Slavic languages	12,815	6,240	6,575	31,640	15,150	16,490
Baltic languages	120	55	65	210	90	115
Latvian	55	25	30	80	30	50
Lithuanian	70	30	35	125	60	65
Slavic languages	12,690	6,185	6,505	31,430	15,060	16,370
Belarusan	10	5	5	15	5	5
Bosnian	305	155	150	595	300	300
Bulgarian	290	150	150	1,035	485	550
Croatian	895	455	440	2,235	1,055	1,180
Czech	255	135	120	1,595	800	795
Macedonian	90	45	40	150	75	75
Polish	3,805	1,790	2,015	5,690	2,720	2,970
Russian	3,265	1,615	1,650	13,310	6,290	7,020
Serbian	1,000	505	500	3,695	1,870	1,825
Serbo-Croatian	120	55	60	500	235	265
Slovak	170	80	90	1,000	480	520
Slovene (Slovenian)	65	35	35	145	65	85
Ukrainian	2,395	1,150	1,250	1,430	665	765
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	25	5	15	40	20	20
Celtic languages	10	5	5	70	40	30
Scottish Gaelic	5	5	0	35	20	10
Welsh	0	0	0	25	10	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	5	5	5
Germanic languages	3,045	1,490	1,555	14,430	6,870	7,555
Afrikaans	295	155	145	1,475	715	760
Danish	40	20	20	305	145	160
Dutch	275	135	140	1,895	890	1,005
Frisian	5	0	0	10	5	5
German	2,315	1,135	1,180	10,085	4,795	5,295
Icelandic	15	5	10	75	35	35
Norwegian	15	5	5	140	60	80
Swedish	65	30	35	360	170	195
Vlaams (Flemish)	15	10	5	50	30	20
Yiddish	0	0	0	10	10	5
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	5
Greek	375	185	190	2,010	975	1,035
Indo-Iranian languages	43,140	21,900	21,240	194,590	95,380	99,215
Indo-Aryan languages	39,005	19,815	19,190	164,185	80,610	83,575
Bengali	1,455	750	700	1,815	895	920
Gujarati	3,650	1,855	1,795	2,970	1,320	1,645
Hindi	5,095	2,600	2,495	12,310	5,890	6,425
Kashmiri	0	0	0	10	5	5
Konkani	40	20	15	40	25	25
Marathi	335	170	160	270	140	130
Nepali	1,395	725	665	665	345	320
Oriya (Odia)	35	20	15	35	20	15
Punjabi (Panjabi)	20,655	10,505	10,150	139,080	68,565	70,515
Sindhi	465	230	235	615	270	345
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	785	405	380	675	330	340
Urdu	5,100	2,530	2,570	5,705	2,825	2,880
Iranian languages	4,020	2,040	1,985	30,205	14,665	15,540
Kurdish	375	200	180	1,080	540	535
Pashto	430	230	195	700	350	350
Persian (Farsi)	3,215	1,605	1,610	28,420	13,765	14,660
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	115	50	65	200	100	100
Italic (Romance) languages	15,580	7,780	7,800	38,110	18,145	19,970
Catalan	10	5	5	65	35	35
Italian	1,405	635	770	5,200	2,245	2,955
Portuguese	1,915	915	1,000	6,725	3,140	3,580
Romanian	1,355	670	685	3,800	1,830	1,970
Spanish	10,880	5,545	5,335	22,310	10,900	11,410
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	20	5	10
Japanese	475	190	285	9,860	4,070	5,790
Kartvelian languages	55	25	25	30	15	10
Georgian	55	30	25	30	15	15
Korean	4,570	2,240	2,325	38,605	17,785	20,820
Mongolic languages	45	20	30	170	80	90
Mongolian	50	20	30	165	80	85
Niger-Congo languages	2,945	1,420	1,525	960	430	530
Akan (Twi)	445	210	235	150	80	65
Bamanankan	0	0	0	5	5	5
Edo	35	20	15	15	10	10
Ewe	40	25	15	20	5	10
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	55	25	25	20	5	10
Ga	20	10	10	5	5	0
Ganda	80	35	40	10	5	5
Igbo	85	40	45	40	20	15
Lingala	40	20	25	35	15	20
Rundi (Kirundi)	200	90	105	55	20	40
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	285	150	135	60	25	35
Shona	220	100	120	65	25	40
Swahili	585	275	315	200	90	115
Wolof	90	50	40	20	10	10
Yoruba	280	145	135	60	30	35
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	495	225	270	200	85	120
Nilo-Saharan languages	365	190	180	140	60	75
Dinka	200	110	90	55	30	20
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	165	75	90	85	30	55
Sign languages	480	270	210	1,535	850	685
American Sign Language	195	105	85	455	230	225
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	285	165	120	1,080	615	460
Sino-Tibetan languages	32,310	15,330	16,980	299,420	137,555	161,865
Chinese languages	31,770	15,045	16,720	297,675	136,670	161,000
Cantonese	14,695	6,795	7,900	137,075	62,545	74,525
Hakka	215	95	120	700	295	410
Mandarin	14,725	7,150	7,575	146,435	67,695	78,740
Min Dong	10	5	10	65	25	35
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	555	235	315	4,820	2,185	2,630
Wu (Shanghainese)	120	60	60	2,595	1,195	1,400
Chinese, n.o.s.	1,440	705	735	5,885	2,680	3,205
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	105	45	55
Tibeto-Burman languages	540	280	255	1,745	885	865
Burmese	95	50	45	720	375	350
Karenic languages	360	195	165	725	355	370
Tibetan	20	10	10	205	110	90
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	60	25	35	90	45	45
Tai-Kadai languages	475	220	260	1,380	595	785
Lao	190	90	95	460	225	235
Thai	285	130	155	920	370	545
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	5	0	5	10	5	5
Turkic languages	1,310	705	610	1,695	880	815
Azerbaijani	50	30	20	195	105	95
Turkish	1,140	605	535	1,310	685	630
Uyghur	40	20	15	95	50	50
Uzbek	70	40	35	45	25	20
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5	40	20	25
Uralic languages	505	240	270	3,005	1,415	1,590
Estonian	5	5	0	95	40	55
Finnish	30	15	15	725	325	400
Hungarian	475	225	250	2,185	1,050	1,130
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	75	35	35	145	70	75
Multiple responses	71,890	35,065	36,825	232,540	110,375	122,165
English and French	2,760	1,375	1,390	6,155	2,970	3,185
English and non-official language	67,205	32,760	34,445	222,670	105,750	116,920
French and non-official language	590	285	305	650	290	360
English, French and non-official language	1,340	655	680	3,065	1,365	1,700
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	1,307,170	654,005	653,170	4,598,415	2,255,400	2,343,015
None	1,112,425	559,130	553,295	3,931,210	1,940,390	1,990,820
English	79,240	39,665	39,575	274,535	132,990	141,545
French	14,810	6,920	7,890	41,020	18,435	22,590
Non-official language	97,025	46,415	50,605	340,930	158,590	182,345
Aboriginal	2,570	1,070	1,495	7,985	3,765	4,215
Non-Aboriginal	94,460	45,350	49,110	332,945	154,820	178,125
English and French	685	350	335	1,195	545	650
English and non-official language	1,870	975	895	5,660	2,655	3,005
French and non-official language	1,060	510	550	3,765	1,745	2,020
English, French and non-official language	50	25	20	100	45	50
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	1,054,615	525,585	529,030	3,870,330	1,882,865	1,987,460
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,004,255	500,995	503,265	3,727,360	1,815,500	1,911,860
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,900	55,986	34,288	33,012	40,370	27,543
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,004,495	501,035	503,465	3,731,980	1,819,375	1,912,600
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,900	47,853	31,301	29,783	35,383	25,659
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	933,730	477,775	455,950	3,363,310	1,665,225	1,698,085
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,516	55,575	33,224	31,585	39,557	25,304
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	594,350	239,370	354,980	2,628,215	1,140,195	1,488,025
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	3,919	3,476	4,103	4,592	3,717	4,920
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	816,225	428,235	387,990	2,775,010	1,415,295	1,359,715
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,571	56,058	34,888	31,713	39,186	26,034
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	1,054,635	525,710	528,925	3,870,375	1,882,770	1,987,605
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,004,765	501,080	503,685	3,727,715	1,815,380	1,912,335
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	60,781	76,732	44,913	45,616	54,797	36,901
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,005,025	501,130	503,900	3,732,420	1,819,290	1,913,130
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	49,500	60,958	38,105	37,922	44,282	31,874
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	933,685	477,415	456,270	3,362,835	1,664,850	1,697,985
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	60,855	76,948	44,016	44,933	54,787	35,271
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	594,040	239,135	354,905	2,628,230	1,139,390	1,488,840
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,157	7,162	7,153	7,207	7,255	7,171
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	816,225	427,160	389,065	2,775,010	1,415,100	1,359,910
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	57,609	71,072	42,828	43,339	52,171	34,149
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	1,054,635	525,710	528,930	3,870,375	1,882,770	1,987,605
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	382,260	219,385	162,870	1,147,070	652,115	494,950
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	65,053	74,962	55,048	53,940	61,004	47,039
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	78,434	90,605	62,040	64,625	72,840	53,801
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	93.1	95.6	88.8	88.9	91.7	84.9
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	77.1	79.4	73.3	70.8	74.4	65.8
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	6.9	4.4	11.2	11.1	8.3	15.1
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	1,054,615	525,585	529,030	3,870,330	1,882,865	1,987,460
Without total income	50,355	24,590	25,765	142,970	67,370	75,600
With total income	1,004,260	500,995	503,265	3,727,360	1,815,505	1,911,860
Percentage with total income	95.2	95.3	95.1	96.3	96.4	96.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	123,530	46,620	76,915	573,315	240,120	333,195
$10,000 to $19,999	124,650	47,170	77,480	653,915	262,225	391,685
$20,000 to $29,999	116,840	45,095	71,745	503,290	209,095	294,195
$30,000 to $39,999	99,035	42,010	57,025	424,330	188,860	235,470
$40,000 to $49,999	95,695	43,805	51,890	366,220	173,020	193,200
$50,000 to $59,999	85,705	42,195	43,515	286,310	148,095	138,215
$60,000 to $69,999	71,855	39,380	32,470	222,975	129,400	93,580
$70,000 to $79,999	58,140	34,740	23,395	171,625	103,795	67,830
$80,000 to $89,999	46,275	28,870	17,405	134,090	83,100	50,990
$90,000 to $99,999	39,810	24,790	15,015	96,825	62,825	34,005
$100,000 and over	142,725	106,320	36,410	294,475	214,980	79,500
$100,000 to $149,999	93,120	66,555	26,560	198,355	142,260	56,095
$150,000 and over	49,610	39,765	9,845	96,115	72,715	23,405
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	1,054,615	525,585	529,030	3,870,330	1,882,870	1,987,460
Without after-tax income	50,120	24,550	25,565	138,350	63,495	74,855
With after-tax income	1,004,495	501,035	503,460	3,731,980	1,819,375	1,912,605
Percentage with after-tax income	95.2	95.3	95.2	96.4	96.6	96.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	126,435	47,390	79,040	597,310	253,480	343,835
$10,000 to $19,999	130,460	49,510	80,950	686,510	280,490	406,015
$20,000 to $29,999	135,175	52,885	82,290	593,490	252,075	341,415
$30,000 to $39,999	124,095	55,060	69,035	495,200	226,080	269,120
$40,000 to $49,999	119,275	58,005	61,265	402,535	200,565	201,965
$50,000 to $59,999	96,830	53,195	43,630	293,450	167,870	125,585
$60,000 to $69,999	72,420	44,130	28,285	210,085	128,000	82,080
$70,000 to $79,999	55,695	35,055	20,635	151,775	95,230	56,545
$80,000 and over	144,115	105,795	38,325	301,635	215,590	86,045
$80,000 to $89,999	42,055	27,795	14,255	94,700	64,330	30,370
$90,000 to $99,999	27,800	19,845	7,955	59,050	42,050	17,000
$100,000 and over	74,260	58,150	16,115	147,885	109,215	38,670
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	1,054,615	525,585	529,030	3,870,330	1,882,865	1,987,460
Without employment income	238,390	97,350	141,040	1,095,320	467,570	627,745
With employment income	816,225	428,235	387,990	2,775,010	1,415,295	1,359,715
Percentage with employment income	77.4	81.5	73.3	71.7	75.2	68.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	82,765	36,685	46,080	441,080	204,275	236,810
$5,000 to $9,999	53,035	21,765	31,270	212,715	90,015	122,705
$10,000 to $19,999	88,955	36,670	52,285	371,875	160,350	211,525
$20,000 to $29,999	75,155	30,800	44,350	309,470	135,945	173,525
$30,000 to $39,999	73,780	32,515	41,260	282,045	126,870	155,180
$40,000 to $49,999	74,200	34,450	39,755	253,810	118,870	134,935
$50,000 to $59,999	69,110	34,275	34,830	203,885	107,605	96,280
$60,000 to $69,999	57,935	32,290	25,650	163,740	98,205	65,535
$70,000 to $79,999	48,400	29,725	18,675	132,340	82,120	50,220
$80,000 and over	192,895	139,065	53,830	404,040	291,050	112,990
$80,000 to $89,999	39,340	25,230	14,105	106,680	67,815	38,860
$90,000 to $99,999	35,535	22,345	13,185	76,470	51,990	24,480
$100,000 and over	118,020	91,490	26,535	220,890	171,245	49,645
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	502,145	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	94,447	...	...	69,995	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	80,578	...	...	61,280	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	123,655	...	...	541,915	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	49,127	...	...	35,701	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	42,360	...	...	31,899	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	378,490	...	...	1,340,055	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	113,082	...	...	88,466	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	95,922	...	...	77,108	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	502,145	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	121,620	...	...	90,354	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	99,074	...	...	75,209	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	123,645	...	...	541,925	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	61,906	...	...	46,696	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	50,502	...	...	39,091	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	378,500	...	...	1,340,045	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	141,127	...	...	108,010	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	114,941	...	...	89,816	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	502,145	...	...	1,881,965	...	...
Under $5,000	7,130	...	...	43,415	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	4,390	...	...	27,140	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	6,090	...	...	55,745	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10,650	...	...	77,565	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	15,975	...	...	78,695	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	12,650	...	...	72,985	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	13,375	...	...	78,080	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	14,710	...	...	78,395	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	14,890	...	...	76,775	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	15,225	...	...	75,860	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	31,270	...	...	143,475	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	31,800	...	...	132,845	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	30,885	...	...	122,350	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	29,315	...	...	111,350	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	28,300	...	...	99,420	...	...
$100,000 and over	235,480	...	...	607,855	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	62,155	...	...	198,140	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	49,070	...	...	138,420	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	63,025	...	...	149,210	...	...
$200,000 and over	61,235	...	...	122,080	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	502,145	...	...	1,881,965	...	...
Under $5,000	7,570	...	...	46,350	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	4,475	...	...	27,605	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	6,245	...	...	56,780	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	11,130	...	...	80,315	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	17,110	...	...	89,795	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	14,425	...	...	88,035	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	16,045	...	...	93,640	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	17,890	...	...	92,220	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	18,790	...	...	91,635	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	19,570	...	...	88,520	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	39,790	...	...	165,685	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	38,620	...	...	150,650	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	37,325	...	...	136,430	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	35,490	...	...	118,520	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	32,000	...	...	101,185	...	...
$100,000 and over	185,655	...	...	454,595	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	65,440	...	...	187,490	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	45,315	...	...	111,260	...	...
$150,000 and over	74,900	...	...	155,845	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	356,945	...	...	1,276,275	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	112,017	...	...	88,451	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	94,936	...	...	77,002	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	126,600	...	...	519,030	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	104,291	...	...	80,788	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	88,163	...	...	70,464	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	166,230	...	...	536,175	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	135,226	...	...	111,736	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	113,369	...	...	96,176	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	51,255	...	...	179,945	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	65,372	...	...	51,056	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	58,846	...	...	46,668	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	356,770	...	...	1,275,865	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	141,238	...	...	108,241	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	114,746	...	...	89,792	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	126,555	...	...	518,295	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	137,211	...	...	100,772	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	110,306	...	...	83,021	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	166,280	...	...	536,580	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	164,710	...	...	131,213	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	133,356	...	...	108,407	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	51,105	...	...	179,615	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	79,925	...	...	63,004	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	68,464	...	...	54,655	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	195,755	104,590	91,160	768,855	373,390	395,465
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	43,174	48,152	38,175	31,255	33,342	29,674
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	38,035	41,552	34,433	28,320	29,815	27,221
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	195,565	104,575	90,990	766,660	371,595	395,060
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	54,619	59,975	48,463	41,666	44,615	38,892
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	45,054	48,572	41,012	35,191	37,100	33,395
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	1,297,280	649,640	647,635	4,560,235	2,237,490	2,322,745
In the bottom half of the distribution	481,165	231,525	249,645	2,265,245	1,078,695	1,186,555
In the bottom decile	92,850	45,260	47,590	537,405	258,275	279,140
In the second decile	85,520	38,920	46,600	449,395	205,320	244,075
In the third decile	91,520	43,370	48,145	420,355	198,845	221,510
In the fourth decile	100,245	48,930	51,320	422,805	203,710	219,095
In the fifth decile	111,030	55,040	55,990	435,290	212,555	222,735
In the top half of the distribution	816,110	418,120	397,995	2,294,990	1,158,795	1,136,195
In the sixth decile	121,550	60,470	61,085	442,070	218,225	223,845
In the seventh decile	134,300	67,770	66,525	451,795	226,240	225,555
In the eighth decile	153,240	78,455	74,790	462,900	233,935	228,970
In the ninth decile	182,320	93,660	88,655	473,535	241,165	232,375
In the top decile	224,700	117,765	106,940	464,685	239,235	225,450
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	1,292,885	647,435	645,450	4,477,875	2,196,415	2,281,460
0 to 17 years	285,260	146,015	139,250	822,390	422,685	399,710
0 to 5 years	101,220	51,610	49,615	260,110	133,670	126,445
18 to 64 years	860,170	432,525	427,645	2,876,495	1,404,390	1,472,105
65 years and over	147,455	68,895	78,560	778,990	369,345	409,645
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	119,950	56,360	63,585	694,960	325,015	369,940
0 to 17 years	37,730	19,310	18,420	151,880	78,110	73,770
0 to 5 years	14,275	7,295	6,975	46,920	24,035	22,885
18 to 64 years	70,850	32,915	37,930	427,085	198,475	228,615
65 years and over	11,370	4,135	7,240	115,990	48,430	67,560
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	9.3	8.7	9.9	15.5	14.8	16.2
0 to 17 years (%)	13.2	13.2	13.2	18.5	18.5	18.5
0 to 5 years (%)	14.1	14.1	14.1	18.0	18.0	18.1
18 to 64 years (%)	8.2	7.6	8.9	14.8	14.1	15.5
65 years and over (%)	7.7	6.0	9.2	14.9	13.1	16.5
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	103,445	50,315	53,135	491,645	236,430	255,215
0 to 17 years	29,130	14,860	14,270	99,330	50,890	48,450
0 to 5 years	11,105	5,670	5,440	29,250	14,930	14,315
18 to 64 years	68,795	33,340	35,455	345,345	165,740	179,605
65 years and over	5,525	2,115	3,415	46,965	19,805	27,165
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	8.0	7.8	8.2	11.0	10.8	11.2
0 to 17 years (%)	10.2	10.2	10.2	12.1	12.0	12.1
0 to 5 years (%)	11.0	11.0	11.0	11.2	11.2	11.3
18 to 64 years (%)	8.0	7.7	8.3	12.0	11.8	12.2
65 years and over (%)	3.7	3.1	4.3	6.0	5.4	6.6
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	1,297,275	649,640	647,635	4,560,235	2,237,490	2,322,745
Official languages	1,276,935	641,480	635,460	4,407,125	2,173,840	2,233,285
English	1,275,260	640,765	634,500	4,405,380	2,173,040	2,232,340
French	96,065	45,030	51,035	314,225	140,085	174,140
Non-official languages	398,035	193,550	204,490	1,546,550	727,200	819,355
Aboriginal languages	4,990	2,095	2,895	17,190	8,115	9,075
Algonquian languages	4,185	1,695	2,495	1,950	905	1,045
Blackfoot	40	10	30	35	0	35
Cree-Montagnais languages	4,005	1,625	2,380	1,600	795	805
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	25	10	15	15	0	10
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	10	0	10	10	0	10
Plains Cree	965	360	600	345	160	180
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	30	15	15	55	25	30
Woods Cree	260	125	135	80	45	40
Cree, n.o.s.	2,720	1,110	1,610	1,090	560	525
Eastern Algonquian languages	10	0	0	30	20	10
Malecite	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mi'kmaq	0	10	0	25	15	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	170	60	110	310	100	205
Algonquin	0	0	0	20	0	15
Ojibway	165	60	105	275	95	180
Oji-Cree	0	10	0	15	0	15
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	325	135	190	4,375	2,050	2,330
Northern Athabaskan languages	325	130	190	4,345	2,035	2,315
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	10	0	0	200	100	95
Beaver	10	0	0	255	130	130
Carrier	30	10	25	2,045	940	1,110
Chilcotin	10	10	0	1,130	525	605
Dene	215	80	135	130	55	80
Dogrib (Tlicho)	45	20	20	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	185	85	100
Slavey-Hare languages	30	20	10	125	60	75
North Slavey (Hare)	15	10	0	10	0	10
South Slavey	10	10	10	25	15	10
Slavey, n.o.s.	10	0	0	105	45	60
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	290	155	130
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	35	20	15
Tahltan	10	0	0	250	135	120
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	10
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	10	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	15	10
Haida	10	0	0	455	195	255
Inuit languages	65	30	35	170	70	95
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	15	0	15	20	10	10
Inuktitut	30	10	20	120	50	70
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	25	20	0	35	15	25
Iroquoian languages	10	10	0	30	10	15
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	25	10	15
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	170	95	80
Michif	50	30	20	110	50	60
Salish languages	30	15	15	5,660	2,690	2,970
Comox	0	0	0	185	75	105
Halkomelem	10	10	10	1,045	470	570
Lillooet	0	0	0	790	405	385
Okanagan	10	10	0	805	360	445
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	10	0	0	1,280	630	650
Squamish	0	0	0	280	125	155
Straits	0	0	0	360	160	200
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	440	220	220
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	540	280	260
Siouan languages	400	215	185	55	20	35
Dakota	135	75	60	30	15	15
Stoney	280	150	130	10	10	10
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tlingit	10	0	0	60	40	20
Tsimshian languages	20	10	10	2,685	1,330	1,350
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	1,275	635	645
Nisga'a	15	10	10	1,035	535	500
Tsimshian	0	0	0	405	180	230
Wakashan languages	10	0	0	1,460	670	795
Haisla	0	0	0	175	65	105
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	120	50	70
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	10	10	0	590	275	315
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	560	265	295
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	15	10
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	240	105	135
Non-Aboriginal languages	393,190	191,520	201,665	1,529,635	719,190	810,440
Afro-Asiatic languages	44,810	23,235	21,575	35,115	18,585	16,530
Berber languages	205	105	95	145	95	45
Kabyle	80	45	40	65	40	25
Berber languages, n.i.e.	120	60	60	80	60	20
Cushitic languages	9,800	4,985	4,815	2,070	955	1,120
Bilen	240	140	100	20	10	15
Oromo	1,205	645	560	245	140	110
Somali	8,395	4,225	4,180	1,800	815	985
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	30	10	20	10	0	10
Semitic languages	35,985	18,775	17,210	33,110	17,660	15,460
Amharic	4,090	2,080	2,010	2,095	1,050	1,045
Arabic	28,265	14,885	13,380	24,230	13,180	11,050
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	70	35	35	760	370	390
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	20	20	0	570	285	285
Harari	235	95	140	55	35	20
Hebrew	1,460	760	700	5,450	2,805	2,645
Maltese	75	40	35	315	155	155
Tigrigna	3,130	1,590	1,545	1,055	560	495
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	160	85	75	300	160	140
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	150	90	65	170	85	85
Austro-Asiatic languages	12,855	6,000	6,860	35,915	17,130	18,785
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,100	530	575	1,875	850	1,020
Vietnamese	11,805	5,500	6,305	34,140	16,295	17,840
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	55	30	25
Austronesian languages	53,440	23,390	30,055	125,425	51,215	74,210
Bikol	75	40	35	530	215	310
Cebuano	2,505	1,115	1,385	5,365	2,000	3,370
Fijian	140	85	60	1,095	655	440
Hiligaynon	515	215	300	1,685	710	975
Ilocano	2,415	1,020	1,400	6,450	2,480	3,970
Malagasy	15	0	10	25	15	10
Malay	1,240	560	680	7,495	3,480	4,010
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	525	240	285	855	365	495
Pangasinan	170	75	100	480	205	275
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	50,715	22,130	28,585	113,265	45,455	67,805
Waray-Waray	105	30	70	320	130	195
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	425	175	245	1,515	740	775
Creole languages	2,150	1,150	1,000	2,485	1,320	1,165
Haitian Creole	115	60	50	135	55	75
Creole, n.o.s.	1,285	710	575	1,310	730	585
Creole languages, n.i.e.	765	385	385	1,055	540	515
Dravidian languages	8,940	4,710	4,230	10,390	5,485	4,905
Kannada	385	185	195	510	250	265
Malayalam	4,555	2,345	2,210	3,350	1,795	1,550
Tamil	3,170	1,720	1,445	5,445	2,830	2,610
Telugu	1,365	730	635	1,720	970	750
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	60	35	25	85	30	55
Hmong-Mien languages	30	15	10	165	85	80
Indo-European languages	195,195	96,900	98,295	764,815	371,760	393,060
Albanian	880	490	395	1,640	840	795
Armenian	200	75	125	1,680	845	835
Balto-Slavic languages	40,105	18,935	21,170	94,050	44,710	49,340
Baltic languages	545	255	285	1,030	515	520
Latvian	250	120	130	555	290	265
Lithuanian	295	130	160	475	220	250
Slavic languages	39,780	18,780	21,000	93,235	44,305	48,940
Belarusan	115	60	55	245	115	125
Bosnian	1,135	545	590	2,075	1,020	1,050
Bulgarian	545	270	275	2,430	1,105	1,325
Croatian	2,810	1,550	1,265	10,685	5,255	5,430
Czech	1,045	445	600	7,480	3,665	3,815
Macedonian	230	110	125	400	220	185
Polish	11,325	5,560	5,760	19,175	8,980	10,190
Russian	9,250	4,365	4,885	33,990	15,850	18,135
Serbian	2,480	1,200	1,280	9,110	4,625	4,485
Serbo-Croatian	445	210	230	1,525	770	750
Slovak	750	400	345	4,270	2,045	2,225
Slovene (Slovenian)	285	135	145	1,375	610	760
Ukrainian	14,420	6,245	8,175	10,740	4,835	5,905
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	110	60	50	420	215	205
Celtic languages	430	245	190	1,855	990	865
Scottish Gaelic	155	70	90	660	395	265
Welsh	100	60	40	345	145	195
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	190	110	75	860	450	410
Germanic languages	28,550	14,065	14,485	136,685	65,350	71,335
Afrikaans	1,220	605	615	7,670	3,875	3,800
Danish	775	375	405	5,510	2,490	3,020
Dutch	4,835	2,335	2,500	24,060	11,520	12,550
Frisian	95	60	35	465	230	240
German	20,990	10,505	10,490	95,005	45,840	49,165
Icelandic	55	20	35	405	210	195
Norwegian	450	195	260	2,845	1,425	1,415
Swedish	580	270	310	4,825	2,125	2,695
Vlaams (Flemish)	85	35	50	545	270	275
Yiddish	70	40	30	505	225	280
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	20	15	0	155	95	60
Greek	1,580	790	790	9,095	4,725	4,370
Indo-Iranian languages	79,030	40,725	38,305	363,205	181,340	181,865
Indo-Aryan languages	72,275	37,165	35,110	311,955	155,465	156,490
Bengali	2,815	1,485	1,330	3,670	1,885	1,785
Gujarati	7,510	3,745	3,770	11,500	5,455	6,050
Hindi	27,470	14,320	13,145	81,330	39,950	41,380
Kashmiri	60	30	25	60	30	25
Konkani	165	75	95	415	215	200
Marathi	845	470	375	1,475	780	695
Nepali	1,975	1,060	905	1,485	725	760
Oriya (Odia)	105	55	45	70	40	30
Punjabi (Panjabi)	36,190	18,665	17,525	244,485	122,450	122,035
Sindhi	1,740	800	935	3,300	1,415	1,885
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	1,830	940	890	2,430	1,265	1,170
Urdu	12,275	6,370	5,910	16,750	8,840	7,915
Iranian languages	7,255	3,805	3,455	52,300	26,435	25,870
Kurdish	855	520	335	2,225	1,185	1,040
Pashto	810	445	370	1,660	940	725
Persian (Farsi)	5,815	2,990	2,825	49,835	25,135	24,690
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	475	265	210	935	490	450
Italic (Romance) languages	49,030	23,975	25,060	177,685	83,505	94,185
Catalan	75	45	35	395	210	180
Italian	8,390	4,190	4,200	37,475	18,075	19,400
Portuguese	6,100	3,005	3,095	23,260	11,060	12,200
Romanian	3,015	1,545	1,465	10,045	4,945	5,105
Spanish	33,180	16,040	17,140	115,115	53,215	61,900
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	90	45	50	380	245	140
Japanese	2,540	1,110	1,435	36,990	15,955	21,040
Kartvelian languages	60	25	35	115	55	60
Georgian	65	25	35	115	55	55
Korean	7,175	3,385	3,795	57,490	26,310	31,180
Mongolic languages	145	65	80	370	170	200
Mongolian	145	65	80	370	165	195
Niger-Congo languages	13,245	6,720	6,525	8,025	4,130	3,895
Akan (Twi)	1,435	710	725	630	350	280
Bamanankan	35	15	20	30	20	15
Edo	285	140	145	145	80	60
Ewe	155	85	70	135	90	45
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	160	80	80	105	30	70
Ga	195	105	95	150	95	50
Ganda	430	210	220	165	80	85
Igbo	600	330	275	425	240	185
Lingala	750	375	375	280	125	150
Rundi (Kirundi)	600	285	315	125	45	75
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	905	485	425	290	125	165
Shona	1,025	500	525	415	220	195
Swahili	3,530	1,865	1,670	3,365	1,785	1,575
Wolof	220	135	90	50	25	30
Yoruba	1,600	835	765	885	455	435
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	3,300	1,620	1,690	1,835	840	1,000
Nilo-Saharan languages	940	465	475	405	210	200
Dinka	570	265	305	85	50	35
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	370	200	170	325	155	165
Sign languages	2,730	1,055	1,675	7,545	2,865	4,680
American Sign Language	1,545	560	980	3,860	1,280	2,575
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	1,195	500	700	3,780	1,615	2,160
Sino-Tibetan languages	55,160	26,590	28,570	457,595	211,220	246,375
Chinese languages	54,310	26,145	28,165	454,885	209,850	245,030
Cantonese	28,755	13,710	15,040	234,445	108,485	125,960
Hakka	700	310	400	2,715	1,290	1,430
Mandarin	28,210	13,450	14,760	265,635	119,995	145,640
Min Dong	25	10	15	130	55	75
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	1,605	715	890	16,410	7,230	9,185
Wu (Shanghainese)	260	120	135	5,600	2,445	3,155
Chinese, n.o.s.	2,405	1,200	1,205	10,380	4,725	5,650
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	45	20	25	200	75	120
Tibeto-Burman languages	875	455	415	3,000	1,500	1,505
Burmese	240	125	110	1,490	730	755
Karenic languages	475	245	230	955	485	465
Tibetan	45	25	20	375	205	165
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	175	100	75	330	150	180
Tai-Kadai languages	1,315	525	795	5,635	2,190	3,450
Lao	580	270	310	1,630	735	890
Thai	830	270	560	4,275	1,535	2,740
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	10	10	0
Turkic languages	2,910	1,615	1,290	6,785	3,685	3,095
Azerbaijani	250	135	110	945	510	435
Turkish	2,380	1,335	1,045	5,585	3,025	2,555
Uyghur	145	70	75	115	60	55
Uzbek	150	75	70	170	95	75
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	70	25	40	275	140	130
Uralic languages	2,320	1,115	1,205	15,280	7,095	8,185
Estonian	40	25	15	780	350	425
Finnish	415	165	245	4,030	1,640	2,385
Hungarian	1,875	920	950	10,495	5,100	5,395
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Other languages, n.i.e.	700	395	300	1,045	575	470
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	1,297,275	649,640	647,635	4,560,235	2,237,485	2,322,750
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	1,162,900	583,130	579,770	4,138,300	2,038,285	2,100,015
Canadian citizens aged under 18	264,740	135,520	129,225	790,485	406,970	383,510
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	898,160	447,610	450,550	3,347,820	1,631,310	1,716,505
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	134,375	66,510	67,865	421,935	199,205	222,735
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	1,297,280	649,640	647,635	4,560,240	2,237,490	2,322,750
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	960,305	484,015	476,290	3,167,155	1,584,305	1,582,855
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	308,605	150,860	157,745	1,292,675	603,800	688,875
Before 1981	61,135	30,555	30,580	356,155	171,330	184,825
1981 to 1990	34,055	16,640	17,415	152,220	70,475	81,750
1991 to 2000	46,805	21,960	24,845	287,505	132,190	155,315
2001 to 2010	88,085	43,340	44,750	321,240	147,250	173,985
2001 to 2005	36,515	17,855	18,665	147,735	67,425	80,305
2006 to 2010	51,570	25,480	26,085	173,505	79,825	93,680
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	78,520	38,360	40,160	175,555	82,555	92,995
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	28,370	14,770	13,600	100,405	49,385	51,020
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	308,605	150,860	157,745	1,292,670	603,800	688,875
Under 5 years	29,350	15,180	14,170	112,665	56,495	56,175
5 to 14 years	53,495	27,785	25,715	212,710	108,975	103,730
15 to 24 years	63,385	29,075	34,315	279,495	126,690	152,805
25 to 44 years	137,060	67,050	70,010	537,500	242,185	295,310
45 years and over	25,310	11,775	13,535	150,305	69,455	80,845
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	308,605	150,860	157,745	1,292,675	603,800	688,875
Americas	31,610	15,195	16,420	110,850	50,515	60,330
Brazil	800	330	475	3,800	1,545	2,260
Colombia	2,610	1,305	1,305	3,915	1,720	2,195
El Salvador	3,055	1,550	1,500	5,425	2,710	2,715
Guyana	1,405	625	785	1,305	600	710
Haiti	540	305	240	570	250	315
Jamaica	2,795	1,265	1,530	3,505	1,770	1,735
Mexico	2,440	1,235	1,205	10,375	4,425	5,945
Peru	555	215	335	3,265	1,330	1,930
Trinidad and Tobago	1,630	805	830	2,620	1,205	1,415
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	8,605	4,020	4,590	57,780	26,425	31,355
Other places of birth in Americas	7,175	3,540	3,635	18,295	8,530	9,765
Europe	65,660	32,670	32,985	319,885	156,975	162,915
Bosnia and Herzegovina	1,945	995	950	4,570	2,230	2,345
Croatia	1,430	770	665	5,780	2,945	2,830
France	785	345	435	5,700	2,895	2,805
Germany	7,140	3,550	3,585	35,045	16,835	18,210
Greece	655	370	285	3,630	1,965	1,670
Hungary	975	480	490	6,175	3,145	3,030
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	1,520	815	700	5,890	3,090	2,795
Italy	3,520	1,900	1,625	15,405	8,050	7,355
Netherlands	3,830	2,020	1,805	18,225	9,365	8,855
Poland	8,005	3,870	4,135	15,115	6,965	8,145
Portugal	2,575	1,265	1,305	8,215	4,125	4,090
Romania	2,335	1,185	1,150	8,995	4,400	4,595
Russian Federation	2,330	1,000	1,330	10,920	4,700	6,215
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	880	395	490	4,480	2,225	2,260
Ukraine	3,765	1,650	2,120	7,500	3,520	3,980
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	16,875	8,615	8,260	123,810	60,975	62,835
Other places of birth in Europe	7,100	3,440	3,660	40,425	19,545	20,880
Africa	37,200	19,240	17,955	42,805	21,500	21,310
Algeria	385	195	185	485	310	175
Egypt	2,055	1,155	900	2,705	1,480	1,225
Ethiopia	4,015	2,050	1,970	2,070	1,015	1,060
Kenya	1,995	1,025	975	4,705	2,175	2,535
Morocco	805	495	305	985	535	455
Nigeria	3,255	1,735	1,525	1,740	925	815
Somalia	4,585	2,255	2,335	1,080	515	570
South Africa, Republic of	2,250	1,070	1,180	13,375	6,700	6,675
Other places of birth in Africa	17,845	9,260	8,585	15,645	7,840	7,800
Asia	169,900	81,640	88,255	788,055	359,835	428,220
Afghanistan	1,490	770	725	5,040	2,550	2,490
Bangladesh	1,615	810	810	2,125	1,080	1,040
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	19,705	9,025	10,680	199,990	89,145	110,845
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	7,355	3,555	3,800	74,210	34,120	40,090
India	38,830	19,850	18,980	162,650	79,395	83,245
IranCensus data footnote 61	2,720	1,440	1,280	37,160	18,890	18,270
Iraq	2,100	1,140	955	5,550	2,855	2,690
Japan	690	195	490	13,365	3,840	9,520
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	4,980	2,345	2,640	41,515	18,870	22,645
Lebanon	5,055	2,755	2,295	2,235	1,290	950
Pakistan	8,255	4,245	4,010	10,665	5,470	5,190
Philippines	45,400	19,900	25,500	112,100	45,890	66,210
Sri Lanka	2,125	1,050	1,070	4,585	2,360	2,230
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	2,015	1,090	920	2,845	1,450	1,400
Taiwan	1,030	445	585	38,900	17,450	21,450
Viet Nam	10,425	4,865	5,555	27,875	12,970	14,905
Other places of birth in Asia	16,130	8,165	7,965	47,255	22,215	25,045
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	4,235	2,110	2,125	31,075	14,975	16,100
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	78,520	38,360	40,160	175,555	82,555	92,995
Americas	5,875	2,765	3,110	14,550	7,160	7,385
Brazil	270	110	160	1,145	525	615
Colombia	575	235	335	580	250	325
Cuba	250	115	135	140	60	80
Haiti	180	100	75	35	35	10
Jamaica	685	290	390	625	355	265
Mexico	975	505	465	2,885	1,420	1,460
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	1,485	680	810	6,485	3,290	3,190
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	230	90	140	270	115	155
Other places of birth in Americas	1,230	640	595	2,380	1,105	1,275
Europe	7,310	3,745	3,565	19,735	10,260	9,475
France	105	55	50	970	510	460
Germany	520	295	225	1,450	775	675
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	535	330	205	1,430	900	530
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	210	90	120	245	120	125
Romania	375	175	200	690	310	380
Russian Federation	440	165	275	1,735	620	1,110
Ukraine	905	415	485	1,230	495	735
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	1,855	1,035	820	6,540	3,840	2,695
Other places of birth in Europe	2,365	1,185	1,180	5,455	2,685	2,765
Africa	11,805	5,980	5,825	6,200	3,150	3,050
Algeria	40	15	30	65	40	20
Cameroon	375	180	195	65	25	35
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	525	250	275	150	80	75
Côte d'Ivoire	285	130	155	20	10	10
Egypt	745	410	335	625	340	290
Eritrea	990	520	475	320	175	145
Ethiopia	1,225	630	595	305	170	140
Morocco	245	145	100	205	115	95
Nigeria	1,565	830	735	645	325	315
Somalia	1,390	685	705	355	145	215
South Africa, Republic of	500	245	250	1,625	815	810
Tunisia	155	80	80	80	30	45
Other places of birth in Africa	3,760	1,865	1,895	1,745	890	860
Asia	52,810	25,490	27,315	131,880	60,140	71,735
Afghanistan	225	115	105	870	455	415
Bangladesh	555	265	290	470	230	245
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	3,685	1,650	2,030	38,105	16,965	21,140
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	310	110	200	1,800	770	1,030
India	13,565	7,090	6,475	27,460	13,780	13,680
IranCensus data footnote 61	890	475	410	8,645	4,315	4,330
Iraq	705	360	340	1,910	940	965
Israel	250	130	120	365	205	160
Japan	190	60	130	2,285	570	1,715
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	1,500	745	750	8,025	3,430	4,595
Lebanon	785	400	390	265	155	110
Nepal	1,095	580	515	310	115	195
Pakistan	1,980	990	990	1,965	990	975
Philippines	21,500	9,800	11,705	26,680	11,615	15,065
Saudi Arabia	375	215	165	400	180	215
Sri Lanka	760	365	395	535	265	265
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	1,390	745	650	2,185	1,095	1,085
Taiwan	130	40	85	2,505	970	1,530
Turkey	220	135	85	395	220	170
United Arab Emirates	310	170	140	385	195	195
Viet Nam	760	295	465	1,780	685	1,090
Other places of birth in Asia	1,635	750	885	4,545	1,980	2,560
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	725	380	345	3,185	1,845	1,340
Australia	270	145	130	1,920	1,130	790
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	445	235	215	1,265	715	550
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	1,297,275	649,640	647,635	4,560,240	2,237,490	2,322,750
First generationCensus data footnote 69	343,870	169,145	174,730	1,426,450	670,440	756,010
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	256,420	128,705	127,720	1,043,860	523,340	520,520
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	696,980	351,795	345,185	2,089,925	1,043,705	1,046,225
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	252,335	122,790	129,540	955,955	442,040	513,915
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	135,795	68,725	67,070	537,875	258,560	279,315
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	55,155	34,145	21,010	209,685	123,645	86,040
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	80,640	34,580	46,055	328,185	134,915	193,275
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	72,525	30,020	42,510	323,440	133,775	189,670
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	42,345	23,175	19,175	82,360	44,250	38,110
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	1,665	875	790	12,285	5,455	6,825
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	1,297,275	649,640	647,635	4,560,240	2,237,490	2,322,750
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	76,205	36,170	40,035	270,585	130,265	140,320
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	74,435	35,370	39,065	263,540	127,115	136,425
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	33,885	15,790	18,100	172,520	83,645	88,880
Métis	39,435	19,000	20,435	89,405	42,715	46,690
Inuk (Inuit)	1,110	580	530	1,610	760	855
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	1,075	500	570	4,350	2,090	2,260
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	700	295	400	2,695	1,060	1,635
Non-Aboriginal identity	1,221,075	613,475	607,600	4,289,655	2,107,225	2,182,430
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	1,297,280	649,645	647,635	4,560,240	2,237,485	2,322,750
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	29,615	13,585	16,030	135,835	65,560	70,280
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	1,267,670	636,060	631,605	4,424,400	2,171,930	2,252,470
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	1,297,280	649,640	647,635	4,560,240	2,237,490	2,322,750
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	23,305	10,870	12,430	91,710	45,690	46,020
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	22,255	10,400	11,860	90,390	45,100	45,295
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	15,970	7,440	8,535	79,875	39,685	40,190
Métis single ancestry	6,005	2,830	3,175	10,080	5,215	4,865
Inuit single ancestry	280	130	150	430	200	235
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	1,045	475	570	1,325	595	725
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	960	430	535	1,175	535	635
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	50	25	20	100	50	50
Métis and Inuit ancestries	30	15	10	45	10	45
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	10	0	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	66,565	32,100	34,460	211,100	100,835	110,260
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	63,030	30,555	32,475	201,895	96,650	105,245
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	34,275	16,480	17,800	130,020	62,170	67,850
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	27,760	13,530	14,230	70,180	33,595	36,585
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	990	550	440	1,700	890	815
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	3,535	1,545	1,990	9,200	4,185	5,015
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,275	1,425	1,845	8,865	4,050	4,810
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	140	70	70	165	75	90
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	110	40	65	125	35	90
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	10	45	20	20
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	1,207,410	606,670	600,745	4,257,430	2,090,960	2,166,465
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	1,297,280	649,640	647,635	4,560,240	2,237,490	2,322,750
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	363,990	180,610	183,380	1,381,235	658,260	722,975
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	91,420	47,190	44,225	365,705	183,650	182,055
Chinese	60,200	29,265	30,935	508,480	237,805	270,670
Black	57,820	29,685	28,135	43,500	22,455	21,045
Filipino	61,040	27,535	33,505	145,025	62,505	82,520
Latin American	18,755	9,525	9,230	44,115	20,600	23,515
Arab	25,505	13,610	11,895	19,840	10,865	8,980
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	17,270	8,265	9,005	54,920	25,975	28,950
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	6,750	3,480	3,270	48,695	24,880	23,810
Korean	7,585	3,635	3,955	60,495	27,915	32,580
Japanese	2,470	975	1,495	41,230	17,435	23,800
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	4,045	1,910	2,135	8,760	4,280	4,485
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	11,125	5,525	5,600	40,465	19,900	20,565
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	933,290	469,030	464,260	3,179,005	1,579,230	1,599,775
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	1,297,275	649,645	647,635	4,560,240	2,237,490	2,322,750
North American Aboriginal origins	89,865	42,970	46,895	302,810	146,530	156,280
First Nations (North American Indian)	54,695	25,870	28,825	220,245	106,595	113,650
Inuit	1,615	845	770	2,615	1,280	1,340
Métis	38,155	18,280	19,880	90,515	43,460	47,050
Other North American origins	281,765	143,450	138,315	922,690	460,355	462,335
Acadian	1,910	1,090	820	3,940	1,960	1,980
American	20,005	9,660	10,345	78,170	37,765	40,405
Canadian	266,440	135,735	130,705	866,530	432,975	433,560
New Brunswicker	20	20	0	60	45	15
Newfoundlander	565	310	250	1,875	995	880
Nova Scotian	80	50	30	185	95	85
Ontarian	10	0	0	130	55	75
Québécois	495	285	215	1,830	945	880
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	85	40	45	405	175	230
European origins	814,405	406,030	408,380	2,857,080	1,408,510	1,448,575
British Isles origins	470,485	234,925	235,555	1,926,040	945,580	980,460
Channel Islander	65	20	45	455	230	220
Cornish	75	50	25	610	340	265
English	258,295	127,740	130,555	1,203,540	585,700	617,845
Irish	186,105	90,320	95,785	675,135	318,455	356,675
Manx	280	130	145	1,810	835	975
Scottish	208,460	103,215	105,240	860,775	417,080	443,700
Welsh	24,790	12,010	12,775	113,905	54,260	59,645
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	28,175	13,745	14,435	122,700	59,225	63,475
French origins	143,085	69,595	73,490	388,815	184,705	204,110
Alsatian	80	45	35	210	95	115
Breton	35	20	15	110	45	65
Corsican	90	50	35	105	40	65
French	142,950	69,515	73,435	388,580	184,595	203,980
Western European origins (except French origins)	274,300	135,385	138,915	839,860	411,165	428,695
Austrian	13,765	6,545	7,220	48,510	23,030	25,485
Bavarian	40	20	20	225	105	120
Belgian	7,040	3,405	3,630	19,980	9,615	10,360
Dutch	57,535	28,305	29,235	213,670	105,040	108,630
Flemish	730	310	420	2,215	1,145	1,075
Frisian	145	90	55	850	425	425
German	213,115	105,050	108,065	603,265	294,860	308,410
Luxembourger	210	110	95	695	340	355
Swiss	6,240	3,200	3,035	31,390	15,510	15,880
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	175	70	105	905	425	485
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	93,665	45,000	48,665	346,525	166,100	180,425
Danish	15,725	7,525	8,205	58,205	27,985	30,220
Finnish	5,355	2,665	2,695	34,150	16,285	17,870
Icelandic	5,355	2,755	2,595	26,410	12,860	13,545
Norwegian	43,520	20,850	22,670	138,430	66,870	71,565
Swedish	29,400	13,435	15,965	110,030	51,000	59,030
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	4,205	2,090	2,120	15,080	7,610	7,470
Eastern European origins	253,740	123,005	130,740	569,260	275,900	293,360
Bulgarian	905	460	440	4,015	1,875	2,140
Byelorussian	1,060	580	485	2,760	1,400	1,365
Czech	6,110	3,020	3,085	23,375	11,500	11,875
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	2,990	1,450	1,545	7,970	3,795	4,175
Estonian	675	310	360	4,840	2,250	2,590
Hungarian	14,510	7,070	7,440	56,535	27,450	29,090
Latvian	1,230	565	660	4,935	2,565	2,370
Lithuanian	2,035	1,010	1,025	7,225	3,465	3,755
Moldovan	380	170	205	1,085	510	580
Polish	72,795	35,335	37,460	149,635	71,605	78,030
Romanian	11,610	5,655	5,955	31,250	15,125	16,125
Russian	28,275	13,425	14,850	131,060	62,880	68,180
Slovak	3,225	1,515	1,710	11,220	5,440	5,780
Ukrainian	159,940	77,335	82,610	229,205	111,285	117,915
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	615	320	295	3,555	1,645	1,915
Southern European origins	77,085	38,665	38,420	334,740	164,780	169,960
Albanian	805	445	360	1,925	975	950
Bosnian	1,540	770	765	3,290	1,635	1,655
Catalan	35	30	10	120	85	30
Croatian	5,265	2,900	2,365	23,845	12,180	11,660
Cypriot	65	40	25	440	230	205
Greek	5,015	2,585	2,435	24,460	12,410	12,050
Italian	33,800	17,180	16,620	166,095	83,095	83,000
Kosovar	175	85	85	280	135	145
Macedonian	405	205	200	1,205	620	580
Maltese	485	260	225	2,645	1,350	1,295
Montenegrin	105	70	40	710	360	350
Portuguese	10,710	5,460	5,255	41,770	20,620	21,145
Serbian	3,415	1,665	1,745	12,895	6,625	6,270
Sicilian	90	45	50	545	295	255
Slovenian	1,380	725	655	5,555	2,725	2,825
Spanish	16,615	7,625	8,985	64,470	29,245	35,225
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	1,685	830	860	7,080	3,360	3,725
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	60	35	25	395	200	195
Other European origins	7,305	3,870	3,440	34,700	17,800	16,900
Basque	125	55	70	840	470	375
Jewish	3,695	2,010	1,685	17,580	8,950	8,635
Roma (Gypsy)	110	55	60	805	320	485
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	290	140	150	965	520	450
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	3,125	1,630	1,500	14,715	7,635	7,080
Caribbean origins	15,250	7,600	7,645	25,010	12,350	12,660
Antiguan	130	65	60	220	115	105
Bahamian	100	70	35	255	140	110
Barbadian	860	425	440	1,870	945	930
Bermudan	45	30	15	335	155	175
Carib	50	25	25	70	50	25
Cuban	970	520	450	1,320	615	700
Dominican	360	185	180	735	330	410
Grenadian	345	185	160	380	195	185
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	15	0	15
Haitian	880	505	380	1,140	530	615
Jamaican	7,465	3,670	3,790	10,545	5,425	5,120
Kittitian/Nevisian	25	10	20	130	70	55
Martinican	0	10	0	25	0	20
Montserratan	15	0	20	25	15	10
Puerto Rican	100	45	55	570	260	310
St. Lucian	230	120	115	190	85	110
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	2,470	1,275	1,200	4,170	2,085	2,085
Vincentian/Grenadinian	140	50	90	415	180	230
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	1,105	525	585	2,120	930	1,190
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	920	450	475	1,920	945	975
Latin, Central and South American origins	24,505	12,245	12,260	69,920	33,580	36,335
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	765	335	430	2,625	1,350	1,275
Arawak	10	15	0	90	45	45
Argentinian	385	220	170	2,025	910	1,120
Belizean	55	35	20	125	60	65
Bolivian	85	40	45	375	145	230
Brazilian	965	460	505	5,455	2,465	2,990
Chilean	3,930	1,965	1,965	5,700	2,740	2,955
Colombian	3,565	1,755	1,805	5,860	2,805	3,055
Costa Rican	150	75	75	810	385	425
Ecuadorian	295	145	150	1,040	490	550
Guatemalan	700	370	325	2,575	1,310	1,265
Guyanese	1,605	770	835	1,925	995	935
Hispanic	755	390	365	1,535	720	810
Honduran	180	110	70	1,445	750	695
Maya	235	110	120	930	475	455
Mexican	5,105	2,650	2,455	23,055	11,025	12,035
Nicaraguan	510	265	245	1,520	735	785
Panamanian	105	50	50	325	140	185
Paraguayan	25	20	10	895	475	420
Peruvian	865	420	445	3,905	1,775	2,135
Salvadorean	3,980	2,000	1,975	6,815	3,390	3,425
Uruguayan	135	85	50	410	205	205
Venezuelan	715	330	385	1,900	915	980
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	1,080	550	530	3,310	1,605	1,705
African origins	59,335	30,555	28,780	59,985	30,635	29,345
Central and West African origins	12,935	6,815	6,115	7,075	3,810	3,265
Akan	25	20	0	40	30	10
Angolan	125	75	45	90	55	35
Ashanti	35	20	15	85	30	50
Beninese	40	25	15	35	20	15
Burkinabe	75	40	30	45	30	15
Cameroonian	780	390	395	150	85	70
Chadian	10	10	0	70	50	25
Congolese	2,270	1,195	1,080	810	405	400
Edo	210	125	80	85	55	30
Ewe	55	30	25	55	25	30
Gabonese	10	0	0	10	0	10
Gambian	35	25	10	25	10	15
Ghanaian	2,110	1,100	1,010	1,600	865	730
Guinean	285	155	135	130	45	80
Ibo	385	215	170	280	160	115
Ivorian	405	215	190	100	55	50
Liberian	650	310	340	250	95	150
Malian	35	15	15	80	55	25
Malinké	70	40	35	10	0	0
Nigerian	3,570	1,850	1,715	2,615	1,430	1,185
Peulh	60	40	20	20	0	15
Senegalese	250	155	90	95	75	25
Sierra Leonean	470	250	225	130	60	65
Togolese	50	20	30	100	70	40
Wolof	20	15	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	830	425	405	255	135	125
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	875	500	380	620	305	315
North African origins	9,235	4,840	4,395	9,840	5,210	4,630
Algerian	500	225	270	770	465	305
Berber	235	150	85	210	130	80
Coptic	95	45	50	150	90	65
Dinka	200	105	95	45	25	15
Egyptian	3,355	1,775	1,585	4,520	2,340	2,180
Libyan	595	305	290	420	275	140
Maure	35	20	15	150	60	90
Moroccan	1,195	645	550	2,005	1,105	895
Sudanese	2,745	1,450	1,295	1,225	535	695
Tunisian	375	180	195	500	290	215
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	240	115	120	215	115	105
Southern and East African origins	27,410	14,115	13,290	24,800	12,345	12,450
Afrikaner	80	50	35	705	355	355
Amhara	185	95	90	115	60	50
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	410	235	185	255	140	120
Burundian	695	380	315	215	95	120
Djiboutian	155	85	70	0	0	0
Eritrean	3,475	1,790	1,690	1,055	550	505
Ethiopian	5,330	2,675	2,660	2,550	1,280	1,270
Harari	115	60	55	0	0	0
Kenyan	970	505	465	1,615	775	845
Malagasy	50	35	15	105	65	40
Mauritian	205	105	95	975	520	450
Oromo	560	350	205	140	75	65
Rwandan	1,125	600	530	420	225	195
Seychellois	10	10	0	25	15	15
Somali	9,800	4,995	4,810	2,295	1,115	1,180
South African	1,770	890	880	11,060	5,510	5,550
Tanzanian	470	300	170	490	220	275
Tigrian	255	130	125	205	110	95
Ugandan	650	355	295	775	390	380
Zambian	100	50	45	210	95	110
Zimbabwean	1,380	690	690	855	445	405
Zulu	170	80	95	75	25	45
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	1,510	770	740	1,840	910	930
Other African origins	10,980	5,470	5,515	19,215	9,745	9,465
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	1,220	615	610	2,660	1,315	1,340
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	9,945	4,950	4,995	16,740	8,515	8,225
Asian origins	288,745	142,015	146,725	1,312,445	624,270	688,175
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	40,215	21,110	19,105	99,560	51,315	48,245
Afghan	2,490	1,310	1,175	7,895	4,005	3,885
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	4,420	2,405	2,015	5,660	3,125	2,540
Armenian	620	310	310	3,715	1,905	1,815
Assyrian	160	70	90	545	295	250
Azerbaijani	295	150	150	990	570	425
Georgian	120	60	60	740	380	355
Hazara	100	55	45	55	30	20
Iranian	4,630	2,375	2,255	47,985	24,290	23,695
Iraqi	2,065	1,085	980	5,575	2,860	2,715
Israeli	705	360	345	2,655	1,370	1,285
Jordanian	635	320	320	785	425	355
Kazakh	110	50	60	385	205	175
Kurd	1,060	600	470	2,120	1,165	950
Kuwaiti	120	60	60	125	85	40
Kyrgyz	25	20	15	175	90	85
Lebanese	15,110	7,835	7,280	7,980	4,175	3,805
Palestinian	2,900	1,610	1,295	2,625	1,410	1,210
Pashtun	235	105	130	360	200	160
Saudi Arabian	195	100	95	975	615	360
Syrian	3,015	1,540	1,470	3,955	1,905	2,055
Tajik	70	45	25	260	135	125
Tatar	135	55	80	790	365	425
Turk	2,750	1,520	1,225	6,355	3,485	2,865
Turkmen	45	15	35	120	70	55
Uighur	95	50	50	130	65	60
Uzbek	175	85	90	270	150	120
Yemeni	255	135	120	300	185	115
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	885	495	390	2,635	1,340	1,295
South Asian origins	91,595	47,185	44,410	363,885	182,650	181,235
Bangladeshi	1,450	715	730	1,840	925	920
Bengali	615	340	270	850	405	445
Bhutanese	75	45	30	120	65	55
East Indian	72,245	37,095	35,155	309,315	154,795	154,520
Goan	80	45	40	485	245	240
Gujarati	485	255	230	700	335	365
Kashmiri	105	55	50	185	100	85
Nepali	1,840	995	845	1,495	690	805
Pakistani	8,380	4,325	4,050	12,585	6,565	6,015
Punjabi	6,270	3,320	2,950	38,725	19,700	19,025
Sinhalese	270	155	120	620	325	300
Sri Lankan	2,325	1,180	1,145	5,710	2,970	2,740
Tamil	480	250	230	1,235	670	560
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	1,945	1,010	935	8,245	4,070	4,170
East and Southeast Asian origins	158,420	74,450	83,975	855,345	393,475	461,875
Burmese	450	235	215	2,310	1,135	1,175
Cambodian (Khmer)	1,570	805	765	3,235	1,580	1,655
Chinese	71,950	34,655	37,290	540,155	253,065	287,090
Filipino	64,275	29,125	35,145	158,215	68,710	89,505
Hmong	0	0	0	130	70	60
Indonesian	950	455	500	6,625	3,115	3,510
Japanese	3,635	1,560	2,075	51,150	22,200	28,945
Karen	395	220	175	895	450	445
Korean	7,985	3,820	4,165	63,300	29,330	33,975
Laotian	760	390	370	2,530	1,275	1,255
Malaysian	1,465	670	795	5,060	2,260	2,800
Mongolian	350	155	190	1,495	740	760
Singaporean	150	70	85	1,055	490	560
Taiwanese	660	285	370	21,455	9,810	11,650
Thai	1,040	375	665	5,065	1,870	3,195
Tibetan	45	20	20	550	290	260
Vietnamese	14,180	6,825	7,355	41,435	20,205	21,230
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	365	190	180	785	310	470
Other Asian origins	940	505	435	2,500	1,250	1,250
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	940	505	435	2,500	1,250	1,255
Oceania origins	4,945	2,550	2,395	41,125	20,605	20,520
Australian	1,930	1,015	915	16,240	8,385	7,855
New Zealander	700	385	320	6,565	3,405	3,155
Pacific Islands origins	2,435	1,215	1,210	19,135	9,240	9,890
Fijian	1,910	935	980	14,145	6,895	7,250
Hawaiian	150	75	75	2,200	970	1,235
Maori	195	105	95	1,120	595	530
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	55	25	30	600	275	325
Samoan	65	40	20	485	255	230
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	70	50	20	905	440	465
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	502,140	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
Owner	349,570	...	...	1,279,020	...	...
Renter	151,715	...	...	599,360	...	...
Band housing	865	...	...	3,590	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	502,140	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
Condominium	99,590	...	...	416,770	...	...
Not condominium	402,555	...	...	1,465,200	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	502,145	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
No bedrooms	2,620	...	...	22,705	...	...
1 bedroom	56,215	...	...	311,035	...	...
2 bedrooms	107,655	...	...	514,015	...	...
3 bedrooms	177,400	...	...	513,135	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	158,250	...	...	521,075	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	502,140	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	136,440	...	...	642,910	...	...
5 rooms	76,945	...	...	274,780	...	...
6 rooms	71,095	...	...	235,845	...	...
7 rooms	63,325	...	...	199,715	...	...
8 or more rooms	154,335	...	...	528,720	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.3	...	...	6.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	502,140	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
One person or fewer per room	490,225	...	...	1,839,850	...	...
More than 1 person per room	11,920	...	...	42,120	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	502,145	...	...	1,881,965	...	...
Suitable	475,230	...	...	1,781,905	...	...
Not suitable	26,920	...	...	100,060	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	502,140	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
1960 or before	61,495	...	...	267,560	...	...
1961 to 1980	154,035	...	...	559,485	...	...
1981 to 1990	61,040	...	...	289,565	...	...
1991 to 2000	59,565	...	...	331,865	...	...
2001 to 2005	48,010	...	...	125,335	...	...
2006 to 2010	56,935	...	...	171,945	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	61,070	...	...	136,210	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	502,145	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	474,995	...	...	1,763,105	...	...
Major repairs needed	27,145	...	...	118,865	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	502,145	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
1 household maintainer	283,590	...	...	1,091,500	...	...
2 household maintainers	200,230	...	...	725,675	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	18,325	...	...	64,790	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	502,140	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
15 to 24 years	19,675	...	...	58,620	...	...
25 to 34 years	97,235	...	...	253,950	...	...
35 to 44 years	100,380	...	...	304,185	...	...
45 to 54 years	99,730	...	...	378,545	...	...
55 to 64 years	92,595	...	...	390,185	...	...
65 to 74 years	54,365	...	...	288,165	...	...
75 to 84 years	28,390	...	...	152,225	...	...
85 years and over	9,770	...	...	56,085	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	496,585	...	...	1,832,420	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	387,815	...	...	1,320,210	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	108,775	...	...	512,210	...	...
30% to less than 100%	94,785	...	...	420,705	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	347,170	...	...	1,242,600	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	65.1	...	...	58.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	15.1	...	...	20.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,536	...	...	1,149	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,557	...	...	1,387	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	399,932	...	...	500,874	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	437,490	...	...	720,689	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	151,505	...	...	592,825	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	10.3	...	...	12.5	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	37.7	...	...	43.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,255	...	...	1,036	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,292	...	...	1,149	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	1,054,635	525,710	528,930	3,870,375	1,882,770	1,987,605
No certificate, diploma or degree	162,415	82,715	79,705	601,640	305,320	296,315
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	296,125	144,470	151,650	1,138,565	549,580	588,985
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	596,095	298,520	297,575	2,130,175	1,027,870	1,102,310
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	103,870	83,440	20,430	338,980	250,270	88,720
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	29,165	17,740	11,425	142,935	83,055	59,880
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	74,705	65,700	9,005	196,045	167,210	28,840
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	202,550	84,840	117,715	700,945	280,300	420,645
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	34,070	13,495	20,575	138,010	54,420	83,585
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	255,600	116,750	138,855	952,240	442,880	509,360
Bachelor's degree	177,180	76,745	100,435	622,670	281,020	341,655
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	13,930	6,305	7,620	69,005	28,575	40,430
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	8,040	4,340	3,700	29,110	16,690	12,420
Master's degree	45,920	22,680	23,235	195,825	94,360	101,465
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	10,530	6,675	3,860	35,625	22,240	13,390
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	740,785	370,915	369,865	2,532,975	1,227,040	1,305,940
No certificate, diploma or degree	72,085	38,880	33,205	244,000	134,410	109,585
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	183,730	90,805	92,925	671,010	330,835	340,175
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	484,970	241,230	243,740	1,617,965	761,790	856,175
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	80,535	65,610	14,925	231,445	172,290	59,155
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	21,390	13,445	7,945	97,350	56,920	40,435
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	59,145	52,170	6,980	134,095	115,370	18,725
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	164,175	69,180	94,995	528,805	210,880	317,925
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	26,440	10,600	15,840	99,695	39,205	60,490
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	213,820	95,840	117,975	758,015	339,415	418,605
Bachelor's degree	147,835	63,430	84,415	497,845	219,005	278,840
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	10,820	4,765	6,055	52,955	20,995	31,965
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	6,830	3,455	3,380	22,440	11,665	10,775
Master's degree	40,020	19,145	20,870	159,740	73,335	86,405
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	8,310	5,045	3,270	25,030	14,420	10,615
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	1,054,635	525,705	528,925	3,870,380	1,882,770	1,987,610
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	458,540	227,185	231,355	1,740,205	854,900	885,300
Education	42,040	10,665	31,375	144,100	34,915	109,185
13. Education	42,040	10,665	31,375	144,100	34,910	109,185
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	17,060	7,440	9,620	98,735	44,465	54,275
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	3,285	2,265	1,020	16,970	12,880	4,090
50. Visual and performing arts	13,775	5,170	8,605	81,765	31,580	50,185
Humanities	24,105	10,000	14,105	124,600	49,025	75,575
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	2,735	780	1,950	15,235	3,675	11,555
23. English language and literature/letters	5,155	1,615	3,540	34,710	10,845	23,865
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	7,475	2,785	4,685	35,720	13,670	22,050
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	70	30	40	585	210	375
38. Philosophy and religious studies	1,700	1,010	695	6,710	4,050	2,660
39. Theology and religious vocations	3,435	1,985	1,450	12,275	7,400	4,880
54. History	2,960	1,660	1,300	15,780	8,475	7,300
55. French language and literature/letters	570	125	445	3,580	705	2,880
Social and behavioural sciences and law	54,230	18,015	36,220	245,990	87,960	158,025
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	915	205	710	4,120	1,060	3,060
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	5,335	2,245	3,090	23,180	8,505	14,680
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	9,450	780	8,670	38,070	3,285	34,785
22. Legal professions and studies	10,115	3,330	6,780	38,505	13,545	24,955
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	735	245	490	4,325	1,345	2,985
42. Psychology	10,485	2,965	7,520	43,230	12,480	30,750
45. Social sciences	17,200	8,235	8,965	94,560	47,755	46,810
Business, management and public administration	118,570	44,930	73,635	426,460	166,470	259,990
30.16 Accounting and computer science	205	50	155	775	215	560
44. Public administration and social service professions	7,015	1,480	5,540	26,520	5,960	20,565
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	111,345	43,400	67,945	399,160	160,295	238,865
Physical and life sciences and technologies	25,940	13,130	12,810	86,425	46,070	40,355
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10,150	4,455	5,695	36,760	16,800	19,960
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	6,230	2,785	3,445	19,025	9,400	9,620
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	150	30	125	835	225	610
40. Physical sciences	7,395	4,940	2,455	26,370	18,395	7,975
41. Science technologies/technicians	2,020	925	1,095	3,440	1,255	2,185
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	21,510	13,205	8,310	80,070	51,490	28,575
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	16,990	11,335	5,655	62,795	43,900	18,890
25. Library science	1,800	240	1,560	5,560	755	4,805
27. Mathematics and statistics	2,580	1,535	1,040	10,875	6,295	4,580
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	140	90	50	835	540	300
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	156,555	141,770	14,780	427,670	388,335	39,340
04. Architecture and related services	4,030	2,625	1,405	15,490	9,985	5,505
14. Engineering	34,315	28,075	6,240	98,455	81,055	17,395
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	29,350	25,640	3,715	68,500	60,490	8,010
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	10	0	90	25	65
46. Construction trades	37,095	35,600	1,495	100,765	97,615	3,150
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	30,880	29,865	1,020	97,720	94,520	3,200
48. Precision production	20,865	19,955	905	46,660	44,650	2,015
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10,570	6,240	4,330	50,210	31,680	18,525
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	6,610	3,775	2,835	24,950	13,670	11,275
03. Natural resources and conservation	3,965	2,470	1,495	25,260	18,010	7,250
Health and related fields	95,025	18,455	76,570	322,715	65,735	256,975
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	5,925	2,765	3,165	23,740	11,920	11,820
51. Health professions and related programs	86,480	14,205	72,275	290,645	48,985	241,655
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	2,615	1,480	1,130	8,330	4,835	3,495
Personal, protective and transportation services	30,435	14,650	15,785	122,855	61,605	61,250
12. Personal and culinary services	18,035	4,965	13,075	79,740	24,860	54,885
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	55	45	0	320	290	30
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	330	290	35	1,235	1,120	115
43. Security and protective services	6,475	4,215	2,260	13,935	10,390	3,545
49. Transportation and materials moving	5,540	5,130	410	27,620	24,945	2,680
Other	55	25	25	355	115	240
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	50	25	30	350	115	240
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	740,780	370,915	369,870	2,532,980	1,227,040	1,305,935
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	255,815	129,685	126,135	915,015	465,250	449,765
Education	31,215	7,400	23,815	96,005	21,035	74,970
13. Education	31,215	7,405	23,815	96,010	21,035	74,975
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	13,730	5,940	7,790	77,655	34,430	43,225
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	2,495	1,715	780	12,710	9,580	3,130
50. Visual and performing arts	11,235	4,225	7,010	64,940	24,845	40,090
Humanities	19,490	7,945	11,545	93,605	35,490	58,115
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	2,290	635	1,650	11,710	2,510	9,195
23. English language and literature/letters	4,170	1,285	2,890	25,665	7,810	17,850
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	6,245	2,295	3,950	28,260	10,505	17,750
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	60	35	25	425	170	255
38. Philosophy and religious studies	1,390	825	565	4,970	2,960	2,010
39. Theology and religious vocations	2,600	1,520	1,080	8,330	4,945	3,385
54. History	2,315	1,270	1,045	11,805	6,140	5,665
55. French language and literature/letters	420	80	345	2,445	455	2,000
Social and behavioural sciences and law	45,730	14,795	30,930	196,450	67,000	129,450
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	780	180	600	3,460	845	2,615
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	4,630	1,890	2,740	19,685	6,940	12,750
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	7,800	640	7,155	29,855	2,505	27,350
22. Legal professions and studies	8,790	2,600	6,185	31,190	9,665	21,525
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	595	210	385	3,540	1,110	2,425
42. Psychology	8,495	2,340	6,155	33,055	8,845	24,210
45. Social sciences	14,640	6,935	7,710	75,665	37,095	38,575
Business, management and public administration	98,730	37,190	61,545	335,220	128,975	206,245
30.16 Accounting and computer science	170	45	130	540	170	365
44. Public administration and social service professions	5,830	1,140	4,695	20,695	4,240	16,455
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	92,725	36,005	56,715	313,985	124,565	189,425
Physical and life sciences and technologies	20,295	9,960	10,340	63,705	32,325	31,385
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	8,055	3,435	4,615	28,505	12,595	15,915
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	4,680	2,095	2,585	13,825	6,570	7,260
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	145	30	115	645	160	485
40. Physical sciences	5,870	3,750	2,125	18,525	12,250	6,270
41. Science technologies/technicians	1,550	650	900	2,210	750	1,460
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	18,885	11,655	7,230	68,660	44,820	23,840
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	15,355	10,245	5,110	56,390	39,660	16,725
25. Library science	1,425	210	1,215	3,830	545	3,290
27. Mathematics and statistics	1,995	1,135	860	7,760	4,185	3,570
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	110	65	40	680	430	250
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	127,385	114,505	12,880	310,855	277,375	33,475
04. Architecture and related services	3,260	2,030	1,225	12,110	7,240	4,875
14. Engineering	29,255	23,700	5,555	76,935	61,380	15,560
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	24,015	20,880	3,130	48,690	42,285	6,405
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	10	0	10	65	20	45
46. Construction trades	29,955	28,640	1,315	72,800	70,225	2,570
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	24,245	23,375	865	69,025	66,545	2,480
48. Precision production	16,645	15,870	780	31,225	29,690	1,535
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	8,400	4,735	3,665	39,360	23,810	15,555
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	5,045	2,665	2,380	18,965	9,875	9,090
03. Natural resources and conservation	3,355	2,070	1,285	20,395	13,930	6,470
Health and related fields	76,660	15,130	61,525	244,975	50,520	194,460
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	4,850	2,295	2,560	18,900	9,380	9,520
51. Health professions and related programs	69,575	11,640	57,930	219,800	37,800	182,000
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	2,225	1,200	1,030	6,285	3,340	2,940
Personal, protective and transportation services	24,390	11,950	12,440	91,185	45,925	45,265
12. Personal and culinary services	14,135	3,965	10,170	58,820	18,880	39,945
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	50	45	0	195	165	30
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	220	190	30	570	505	65
43. Security and protective services	5,420	3,485	1,935	11,175	8,110	3,060
49. Transportation and materials moving	4,570	4,270	305	20,430	18,265	2,165
Other	50	25	20	275	85	185
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	45	25	20	270	85	185
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	1,054,635	525,705	528,930	3,870,380	1,882,770	1,987,610
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	458,540	227,185	231,355	1,740,205	854,900	885,300
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	596,095	298,520	297,575	2,130,175	1,027,870	1,102,305
Location of study inside Canada	477,930	240,810	237,115	1,625,550	785,340	840,205
Same as province or territory of residence	380,965	191,425	189,545	1,243,905	593,275	650,635
Different than province or territory of residence	96,965	49,390	47,570	381,645	192,070	189,575
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	118,165	57,705	60,455	504,630	242,530	262,100
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	11,960	6,745	5,215	74,030	40,425	33,610
Philippines	25,475	9,885	15,595	56,845	20,455	36,395
India	18,420	9,370	9,050	44,115	22,045	22,065
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	8,030	4,605	3,425	58,825	31,920	26,910
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	6,160	2,845	3,315	61,840	27,630	34,210
France	635	390	245	4,385	2,360	2,025
Other	47,485	23,870	23,615	204,580	97,700	106,885
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	740,785	370,915	369,865	2,532,975	1,227,040	1,305,935
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	255,815	129,685	126,130	915,015	465,250	449,765
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	484,970	241,235	243,740	1,617,960	761,790	856,170
Location of study inside Canada	384,550	193,175	191,375	1,239,640	589,155	650,490
Same as province or territory of residence	306,030	153,440	152,590	970,485	454,780	515,700
Different than province or territory of residence	78,520	39,735	38,785	269,155	134,375	134,785
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	100,415	48,055	52,365	378,325	172,640	205,685
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	9,090	4,940	4,150	50,095	26,175	23,920
Philippines	23,515	9,035	14,480	48,935	17,385	31,555
India	16,310	8,160	8,155	36,800	17,455	19,345
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	5,440	3,145	2,290	32,890	17,360	15,530
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	5,375	2,460	2,915	53,570	23,445	30,125
France	545	340	210	3,505	1,885	1,615
Other	40,140	19,980	20,155	152,530	68,935	83,595
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	1,054,635	525,705	528,925	3,870,375	1,882,770	1,987,610
In the labour force	758,275	404,870	353,405	2,471,665	1,285,835	1,185,830
Employed	694,180	366,460	327,720	2,305,690	1,194,455	1,111,240
Unemployed	64,095	38,410	25,685	165,975	91,385	74,590
Not in the labour force	296,360	120,840	175,520	1,398,710	596,935	801,775
Participation rate	71.9	77.0	66.8	63.9	68.3	59.7
Employment rate	65.8	69.7	62.0	59.6	63.4	55.9
Unemployment rate	8.5	9.5	7.3	6.7	7.1	6.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	1,054,635	525,705	528,925	3,870,375	1,882,770	1,987,605
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	268,045	107,575	160,475	1,290,235	547,350	742,885
Worked	786,590	418,135	368,450	2,580,140	1,335,420	1,244,720
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	393,220	227,110	166,105	1,183,405	675,950	507,460
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	393,370	191,025	202,350	1,396,735	659,470	737,260
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.6	43.2	42.0	41.8	42.4	41.1
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	758,275	404,870	353,405	2,471,670	1,285,840	1,185,835
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	12,920	6,000	6,925	43,805	21,245	22,555
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	745,355	398,870	346,480	2,427,860	1,264,585	1,163,275
Employee	670,650	351,165	319,480	2,084,470	1,054,630	1,029,840
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	74,705	47,705	27,000	343,395	209,955	133,430
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	758,275	404,870	353,405	2,471,665	1,285,835	1,185,830
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	12,920	6,000	6,925	43,805	21,245	22,560
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	745,350	398,870	346,485	2,427,860	1,264,585	1,163,270
0 Management occupations	79,110	49,495	29,615	275,000	168,820	106,180
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	119,055	32,820	86,240	368,940	106,205	262,740
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	54,915	42,995	11,915	161,520	127,060	34,460
3 Health occupations	54,335	10,670	43,665	162,865	35,775	127,095
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	81,095	28,600	52,500	269,255	87,765	181,485
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	17,250	7,055	10,200	93,100	44,855	48,245
6 Sales and service occupations	164,390	69,385	95,000	595,225	251,490	343,735
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	139,610	129,225	10,380	360,970	339,660	21,315
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	13,810	11,465	2,345	64,235	47,530	16,700
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	21,780	17,150	4,630	76,745	55,430	21,315
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	758,275	404,870	353,405	2,471,665	1,285,835	1,185,830
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	12,925	6,000	6,925	43,805	21,250	22,555
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	745,355	398,875	346,480	2,427,865	1,264,590	1,163,270
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	6,140	3,825	2,315	65,205	42,840	22,360
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	23,275	19,375	3,900	25,920	21,810	4,115
22 Utilities	7,640	5,400	2,240	12,445	8,915	3,535
23 Construction	87,770	74,375	13,395	199,985	175,195	24,790
31-33 Manufacturing	46,065	34,945	11,120	157,560	113,945	43,615
41 Wholesale trade	30,595	21,815	8,780	82,105	55,530	26,580
44-45 Retail trade	83,675	38,190	45,485	283,135	129,985	153,150
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	35,665	26,840	8,825	128,400	98,580	29,815
51 Information and cultural industries	10,990	6,230	4,765	67,225	41,065	26,155
52 Finance and insurance	24,535	8,680	15,855	93,805	38,430	55,380
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	14,430	8,040	6,385	54,995	29,515	25,475
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	51,895	29,365	22,530	196,670	107,680	88,990
55 Management of companies and enterprises	1,055	440	620	4,320	1,975	2,345
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	28,485	16,315	12,165	109,095	62,325	46,775
61 Educational services	51,880	17,080	34,800	173,820	56,455	117,365
62 Health care and social assistance	86,630	15,285	71,345	270,855	52,320	218,530
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	13,850	6,715	7,135	57,940	29,050	28,895
72 Accommodation and food services	51,725	21,470	30,260	207,045	86,555	120,490
81 Other services (except public administration)	35,540	16,895	18,640	112,335	47,960	64,375
91 Public administration	53,500	27,585	25,915	125,000	64,450	60,545
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	694,180	366,460	327,715	2,305,690	1,194,455	1,111,240
Worked at home	38,740	17,320	21,420	196,510	95,515	100,990
Worked outside Canada	1,690	1,180	510	16,040	11,285	4,760
No fixed workplace address	99,085	75,810	23,275	326,180	243,130	83,050
Worked at usual place	554,660	272,150	282,510	1,766,965	844,520	922,440
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	554,660	272,150	282,510	1,766,965	844,520	922,440
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	392,970	178,960	214,020	864,410	382,105	482,305
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	145,375	81,620	63,755	807,840	405,435	402,400
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	13,920	10,020	3,900	81,750	47,820	33,930
Commute to a different province or territory	2,390	1,550	840	12,965	9,160	3,805
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	653,745	347,955	305,785	2,093,145	1,087,655	1,005,490
Car, truck, van - as a driver	506,530	284,410	222,120	1,475,585	803,485	672,095
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	33,305	12,850	20,450	114,580	49,075	65,500
Public transit	73,660	30,030	43,625	274,205	117,830	156,375
Walked	24,170	10,400	13,770	142,310	62,395	79,920
Bicycle	6,440	4,165	2,270	51,350	32,665	18,680
Other method	9,640	6,095	3,545	35,115	22,195	12,915
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	653,745	347,960	305,785	2,093,140	1,087,650	1,005,490
Less than 15 minutes	137,725	61,045	76,680	601,950	276,005	325,950
15 to 29 minutes	258,000	137,930	120,075	689,520	353,590	335,925
30 to 44 minutes	163,805	93,050	70,750	425,680	237,995	187,685
45 to 59 minutes	54,455	30,895	23,560	184,690	104,220	80,465
60 minutes and over	39,755	25,040	14,720	191,305	115,840	75,470
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	653,740	347,960	305,785	2,093,140	1,087,650	1,005,490
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	49,925	37,375	12,555	142,370	101,315	41,050
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	132,865	83,625	49,240	342,500	214,795	127,700
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	195,685	99,960	95,720	526,485	271,110	255,375
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	111,255	48,165	63,095	470,210	202,910	267,295
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	64,730	26,890	37,835	292,185	125,470	166,715
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	99,285	51,950	47,335	319,400	172,045	147,355
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	809,165	428,345	380,820	2,670,700	1,378,580	1,292,120
Single responses	801,505	424,630	376,870	2,622,495	1,354,780	1,267,710
Official languages	795,220	421,450	373,770	2,537,990	1,309,980	1,228,015
English	792,700	420,600	372,100	2,531,850	1,308,325	1,223,530
French	2,520	850	1,670	6,140	1,660	4,485
Non-official languages	6,280	3,180	3,105	84,500	44,805	39,705
Aboriginal languages	20	10	0	260	75	180
Algonquian languages	15	0	0	15	0	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	10
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	10	10	10	0	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	15	10	0	10	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	45	15	30
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	45	15	30
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	20	0	15
Chilcotin	0	0	0	20	10	10
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	10
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	110	30	85
Comox	0	0	0	10	0	10
Halkomelem	0	0	0	15	0	15
Lillooet	0	0	0	15	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	20	0	20
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	30	10	25
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	15	0	10
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	10	10	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	25	10	20
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	15	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	10	10	10
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	30	10	20
Haisla	0	0	0	10	0	10
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	6,270	3,165	3,100	84,245	44,730	39,520
Afro-Asiatic languages	510	305	200	440	295	145
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	60	30	35	0	0	10
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	10	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	55	20	30	10	0	10
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	445	280	170	435	295	135
Amharic	40	15	20	15	15	0
Arabic	325	225	100	320	235	85
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	25	20	10
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	25	10	10	75	30	50
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	15	0	10	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	45	25	25	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	425	190	235	2,505	1,165	1,345
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	0	10	45	30	20
Vietnamese	410	185	230	2,460	1,140	1,325
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	325	180	145	825	385	440
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	0	10	20	0	20
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	15	10	10	30	15	20
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	65	35	20
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	305	170	135	695	320	375
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	15	10
Creole languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	25	15	10	30	15	20
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	15	10	10	30	10	15
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,145	1,130	1,015	23,765	13,305	10,460
Albanian	10	0	0	15	15	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	310	155	155	950	440	510
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slavic languages	310	155	150	935	435	500
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	10	0	15	0	10
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Croatian	10	0	0	30	10	25
Czech	0	0	0	40	20	10
Macedonian	0	10	0	0	0	10
Polish	120	65	60	115	50	70
Russian	75	30	45	565	255	315
Serbian	10	0	0	95	55	40
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	20	10	10	15	10	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	70	45	30	40	25	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	95	50	50	805	465	335
Afrikaans	0	0	0	15	10	0
Danish	0	0	10	15	15	0
Dutch	15	10	10	120	70	45
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	65	40	30	590	330	260
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Swedish	10	0	0	25	20	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	10	10	10
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	55	25	30
Indo-Iranian languages	1,265	710	560	19,805	11,280	8,535
Indo-Aryan languages	1,195	665	535	18,715	10,560	8,160
Bengali	15	0	10	15	15	0
Gujarati	60	10	50	35	15	25
Hindi	105	60	50	300	185	110
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	0	10	20	10	10
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	975	575	395	18,295	10,310	7,985
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	40	10	25	45	25	25
Iranian languages	70	45	20	1,085	720	365
Kurdish	15	15	10	25	25	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	55	35	15	1,060	700	360
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	460	210	245	2,140	1,085	1,060
Catalan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Italian	15	10	10	110	50	60
Portuguese	40	25	20	515	255	260
Romanian	0	0	0	70	45	25
Spanish	405	185	215	1,435	725	710
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Japanese	35	10	25	1,730	650	1,080
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Korean	265	125	140	5,585	3,005	2,585
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	0	0	10	15	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	10	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	10	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	125	70	55	280	90	190
American Sign Language	80	30	50	215	45	165
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	40	35	10	70	45	25
Sino-Tibetan languages	2,310	1,095	1,215	48,735	25,645	23,085
Chinese languages	2,305	1,090	1,210	48,645	25,595	23,055
Cantonese	1,475	730	750	23,555	12,020	11,535
Hakka	10	0	10	15	0	10
Mandarin	705	310	400	23,835	12,935	10,900
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	20	0	10	210	120	85
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	50	25	20
Chinese, n.o.s.	95	40	50	985	485	500
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	10	10	85	50	30
Burmese	0	0	0	25	15	15
Karenic languages	10	0	0	55	35	15
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	30	10	20	170	65	110
Lao	0	0	0	10	0	10
Thai	25	15	20	165	65	105
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	45	20	25	65	50	15
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	10	0
Turkish	35	20	20	55	40	15
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	10	0
Uzbek	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	20	10	0	45	20	25
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	10	0	25	10	15
Hungarian	15	10	10	25	10	15
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	35	20	20
Multiple responses	7,660	3,720	3,945	48,205	23,795	24,410
English and French	1,875	900	975	4,210	1,865	2,345
English and non-official language	5,640	2,750	2,890	43,480	21,760	21,720
French and non-official language	20	10	10	55	30	25
English, French and non-official language	130	60	70	465	145	320
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	809,165	428,345	380,820	2,670,700	1,378,580	1,292,120
None	776,665	412,150	364,515	2,498,070	1,293,650	1,204,420
English	4,415	1,905	2,510	36,505	18,270	18,235
French	8,815	4,285	4,525	22,465	10,170	12,300
Non-official language	18,790	9,760	9,030	110,375	54,925	55,455
Aboriginal	370	140	235	1,860	630	1,225
Non-Aboriginal	18,415	9,620	8,800	108,515	54,295	54,225
English and French	0	0	0	60	40	15
English and non-official language	70	30	45	1,155	545	610
French and non-official language	405	210	195	2,070	980	1,090
English, French and non-official language	10	10	0	10	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	1,279,970	641,020	638,955	4,516,810	2,215,515	2,301,295
Non-movers	1,070,515	536,090	534,420	3,811,375	1,868,420	1,942,945
Movers	209,460	104,925	104,535	705,440	347,095	358,345
Non-migrants	138,850	70,120	68,725	386,620	189,765	196,855
Migrants	70,615	34,810	35,800	318,825	157,335	161,490
Internal migrants	53,885	26,955	26,930	249,960	123,425	126,540
Intraprovincial migrants	38,350	19,160	19,190	188,225	92,150	96,070
Interprovincial migrants	15,535	7,795	7,740	61,740	31,275	30,465
External migrants	16,730	7,855	8,875	68,860	33,910	34,950
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	1,212,350	606,300	606,055	4,339,960	2,124,780	2,215,180
Non-movers	652,645	325,015	327,625	2,490,535	1,220,635	1,269,905
Movers	559,705	281,280	278,425	1,849,425	904,145	945,275
Non-migrants	306,950	154,260	152,690	940,895	460,185	480,710
Migrants	252,755	127,020	125,730	908,535	443,965	464,570
Internal migrants	177,330	89,430	87,895	672,805	329,700	343,105
Intraprovincial migrants	103,945	51,335	52,610	503,685	245,895	257,795
Interprovincial migrants	73,385	38,100	35,285	169,115	83,805	85,310
External migrants	75,425	37,585	37,830	235,730	114,265	121,465